Architecture Studio Air: Design Journal: Jessica Betterridge 761457

DESIGN JOURNAL SEMESTER 1 2016 ABPL30042 architecture studio: AIR jessica grace betterridge 761457

PART A CONCEPTULATION

PART B CRITERA DESIGN

PART C

A.1 DESIGN FUTURING A.2 DESIGN COMPUTATION A.3 COMPOSITION /GENERATION A.4 CONCLUSION A.5 LEARNING OUTCOMES A.6 APPENDIX - ALGORITHMIC SKETCHES

B.1 RESEARCH FIELD B.2 CASE STUDY 1.0 B.3 CASE STUDY 2.0 B.4 TECHNIQUE DEVELOPMENT B.5 TECHNIQUE PROTOTYPES B.6 TECHNIQUE PROPOSAL B.7 LEARNING OUTCOMES B.8 APPENDIX - ALGORITHMIC SKETCHES

B.1 DESIGN CONCEPT B.2 TECTONIC ELEMENTS + PROTOTYPES B.3 FINAL DETAIL MODELZ

INTRODUCTION

ABOUT ME

I am in my fifth year of a double degree in Environments (Architecture) and Construction Management (Honours) in both The Univeristy of Melbourne and Deakin Univeristy. I have a passion for using geometry and physics in order to design structures of a paramedic nature. I have a strong background in BIM modelling and started using Autocad and Revit from the age of 13 and have recently started exploring parametric design through these programs. This is my sixth studio and I am hoping to use my high construction knowledge as well heavy architectural background.

I have designed many public architecture buildings including community centres and art galleries.

I use a combination of hand drawing as a starting tool and then move onto computer drawing and digital modelling in a way to optimise my design progression in order to produce quality work.

Rendering is one of my passions and it allows me to communicate in a more efficient way to the client.

Sustainable architecture is one of the areas in architecture that I am most passionate about. Both in a socially sustainable and environmentally sustainable way. I was privileged to be chosen to be a part of a

international humanitarian project through Deakin Univeristy, called The Bario Project. I subsequently wrote write my undergraduate thesis on the importance to preserving local history through public buildings. In this case it was a museum showcasing the rich heritage, whist being culturally sensitive. This project that I helped design is in the process of construction in Bario, Sarawak, Malaysia .

I look to both national and international architects for my inspiration. These influences include Zaha Hadid and the rm Breathe Architecture. Although both different I draw on the form of Zaha Hadid’s work and the detail and sustainability that buildings are designed by Breathe Architecture offers.

In some of my latests works I have explored minimalistic architecture just to broaden my design horizons.

Going forward my I have an interest and passion for working in the healthcare sector as either as a part of team that designs the facility or works with facility over its entire building lifecycle. I have also considered doing research into this field also.

A.1 design futuring

PRECEDENT 1

Heydar Aliyev Cultural Center Architect: Zaha Hadid Year: 2012 The Heydar Aliyev Cultural Center project built in part of the Soviet Union in the Republic of Azerbaijan on the coast of the Caspian Sea. The cultural centre is quite distinctive in the area and is the start of almost a revolution in the style of architecture within that culture. As the area is part of the former soviet union the surrounding architecture is constructivist in style where as Zaha Hadid has a definite deconstructive nature to her designs. This particular building is parametrically designed and is developed with the digital design tools in particular BIM (building information modelling) and other parametric tools. This building would be almost impossible to hand draw or develop on conventual CAD. This building could potently instigate a distinctive architectural shift

within the area. This is not the first major project by the architect, there is a number of similar projects from a parametric style around the world. In other projects by Hadid the surrounding area was changed from a cultural perspective. This particular project is a cultural centre and what Hadid does well is develop a very futuristic piece of architecture that encompasses the past history of the location and that houses cultural artefacts and houses future cultural development.

PRECEDENT 2

Waterloo Train Station Architect: Nicholas Grimshaw and Partners Year: 1994

Parametric design is not just used for the entire structure but sometimes just for parts of the structure. Grimshaw Architects proved they were one of the innovators of parametric and digital design in architecture. The Waterloo Train Station was redeveloped from a Victorian train station to a new station for the 21st century. Grimshaw had to work with heritage restrictions but wanted to develop a very airy and light station. The station is seen as a very successful example of a parametric building using digital design tools. The design objectives for whole buildings are usually not well defined. There are often trajectory design goals as seen in the shape of the main roof. there is competing interests between the various users of the building and the owner of the building as

well as the general public. There as a clear aim to protect parts of the organ station, this is why Grimshaw developed a parametric structure with a transparent roof. This also allowed the user to distinguish new structure from old. The structure was paramount and one of the pioneers of parametric design in London and other parts of the UK in an era where digital design was just starting to develop. Every panel in the structure is individual and needed to be individually manufactured. The computerisation of these structures allowed for all of the components to be made through digital manufacturing and this made the structure easier to assemble and more accurate. This building is continued to be appreciated to the present day and has weathered quite well.

A.2

design computation

A.2 DESIGN COMPUTATION

Computing has definitely effected the design process.

to traditional historical architecture but also allow us to

We now have the situation where architects all of the

explore new territory in the design scape using geometry

world have now reconsidered what true architecture

as a reference point and expanding on it and produc-

is. We use for example computer aided modelling and

ing a new range of achievable geometries. Referring to

building information modelling in order to produce a

Blobwall by Greg Lynn as an example of this new digital

structure that otherwise would have been very difficult to

fabrication capacity. However some would argue that

construct and design. Are we as architects now just using

this is not pure design and just digitally designed shapes

these software packages to make shapes digitally and

with no purpose. This is where the argument on whether

call it architecture. Digital architecture isn’t just used in

a piece of digitally fabricated design is just a computeri-

new buildings. It was used in the restoration of the Medi-

sation or are they are just a computation.

ci Palace in Italy where a damaged section of the building was digitally modelled and manufactured in order to replicate precisely the original state of the damaged section. We as the architecture community have used these software packages to redefine how we practice as we can now quite easily use these tools to replace the traditional hand drawings of the past. This allows us to more efficiency produce structures that are similar

A.3

design composition + generation

PRECEDENT 3

IDC Research Pavillon Architect: Universititat Stuttgart Year: 2011

The IDC Reseach pavilion by the Universititat Stuttgart has been developed as a temporary structure that can be assembled by a minimal amount of people. The structure is biomimicry by nature and explores biological principles within architecture. As these prickles are often so complicated this project was able to be realised through the use of parametric modelling and computer aided manufacturing. Having realised the couple morphology of the design through the combination of both form and structure the pavilion uses a series of data points and mathematical equations to find the optimum

form. The pavilion was then manufactured by the Universititat Stuttgart’s robotic fabrication system. The structure can be assembled by plates and finger joints. This structure is an experimentation on how we can now use our technological infrastructure to design and produce forms that would have been impossible 20 years ago.ciated to the present day and has weathered quite well.

PRECEDENT 4

Gantenbein Vineyard Facade Architect: Gramazio Kohler Architects Year: 2006 This project in Flasch, Switzerland uses computation techniques to generate form via robotic fabrication. The overall form of the brick was developed using a parametric generating software which is theoretically meant to resemble the grapes that are grown in the winery. The wall is made out of brick and assembled in a non standardised way. The robotic method of production developed at ETH allowed the designer to assemble the 20,000 bricks in a very accurate set of parameters, which is one of the benefits of computer aided manufacturing. The designers of this building set up all of the bricks to a specific angle in order to allow for a unique light and air flow throughout the structure.

The image also changes when the user stands in different locations in the building.

What we can see fro this percent is that the design was able to design and manufacture the building without the assistance of many people. Although robotic manufacturing

machines are quite costly one machine can build an entire building with relatively low voice levels and operate 24 hours a day.

This could have implications for the current workforce structure in the construction industry. It could leave some people without a job as they have been replaced by robots potentially. So it is important to consider the positive and negative implications to digital design into the future but overall it is a very fantastic tool.

A.4 + A.5

conclusion and learning outcomes

CONCULSION

LEARNING OUTCOMES

In Summarising Part A it can be seen that digital design is the way future and will be continually bet-

Furthering my knowledge of computer aided design

tered and developed in order to be used as a design

and building integration systems my understanding

tool that will allow us as designers to produce more

on how these tools are applied in real life is quite an

sophisticated buildings into the future. I have already

interesting and exciting concept. Using algorithms in

explored some of the concepts of digital modelling

order to produce these parametric digitally designed

and fabrication in my past projects and I personally

buildings has also improved my ability to produce

and them an impressive tool for design, however we

parametric structures. Perhaps I could have used this

as designers must not forget the roots of architectural

knowledge to improve the roof structure of my Com-

design. Hand drawings and conceptual models are

munity Centre in the Western Australian desert in a

still important in the design process. However this

previous studio that I have undertook.

being the case digital design is innovative because we can use algorithms and geometry as the basis for the design push these techniques to the edge using digital modelling to produce highly sophisticated buildings.

It is significant to design in this way in order to allow for the integration of new technology that will allow our buildings to more sustainable and energy efficient into the future. Us as architects can benefit from these techniques as it can make complex designs easier to design and construct.

REFERENCES Corser, R 2010, Fabricating Architecture. [Electronic Resource] : Selected Readings In Digital Design And Manufacturing, n.p.: New York, N.Y. : Princeton Architectural Press, 2010., UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE’s Catalogue, EBSCOhost, viewed 15 March 2016.

Hadid, Z 2012, Heydar Aliyev Centre, Viewed 10 March 2016, <http://www.zaha-hadid.com/architecture/heydar-aliyev-centre/> Gramazio Kohler Architects 2006, Granterbien Vineyard Facade, Viewed 10 March 2016, <http://www. gramaziokohler.com/web/e/bauten/52.html> Institute of Computation Design 2015, ICD/ITKE Research Pavillion 14/15, Viewed 10 March 2016, <http://icd.uni-stuttgart.de/?p=12965> IMAGES http://www.designboom.com/tools/WPro/images/08juneblogs04/blob2.jpg http://artpulsemagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/tml_100208__3914-1.gif http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_TSb5bW-iT6s/Su4JJORQAfI/AAAAAAAAACk/_sm87FT8U4Q/s320/ H_55a0251fc9.jpg http://icd.uni-stuttgart.de/icd-imagedb/Web_ICD_ResearchPavilion_2011.jpg http://static.dezeen.com/uploads/2013/07/dezeen_Heydar-Aliyev-Centre-Zaha-Hadid-Architects.jpg http://api.ning.com/files/LzTY94yzCcKd9XC8BHPnEQ6Dw21Ix-fbji83SioFUMG-udhTLA91wCoFyJVRfjm6gmZeVA2nby4HfYJzYf6drR-pY6e6EUd3/gramazioKohlerwinery.jpg

A.6

appendix - algorithmic sketchbook

B.1 Research Field

BIOMIMICRY Biomimicry in architecture is the use of technology and

program a series of structures from the abstract inter-

digital modelling to develop algorithms that mimic the

pretation of natural precedents. The types of precedents

structure seen in nature. Biometrics has no one specific

that could be explored for inspiration include for exam-

method or technical process. The range of percents is al-

ple a flock of birds, the structure of a leaf, the structure

most infinite that we could draw on. Nature has a highly

of collagen and the shape of coral. Using digital tools we

developed structure that can be replicated by humans in

are able to now analyse how these structures are con-

order to produce efficient and interesting architecture.

structed and attempt to replicate them through digital

Biometrics broadens the horizons as far a design and

tools and fabrication.

structure is concerned and can allow for the designer to

B.2

case study 1.0

1

2

3

4

PROJECT: Seroussi Pavilion ARCHITECT: Biothing

SPECIES ITERATIONS Biothing Serroussi Pavillion 01|

This iteration was

developed using a spin force algorthim and various point charges. This vector looks very reminicient of natural structure inkeeping with biomimicry design. It reminds me of moving sands in a remote desert. It also looks similar to an ocean natural structure. The design potential of this shape could include a series of interactive mounds on the ground where people could weave in and out of. It could just purely be an interesting piece of public art as an installation.

02|

This iteration was

developed by changing the way the graph algorthim was shaped. The particular graph that was used as the parabolar graph in a upsidedown U shape.

There is also a series of point changes to empahsise the connections. There is a slight dip in the shape where the connections lie which adds intertest.

Froma design potential the structure could have openings cut into it to allow for an interetsting shelter or meeting space. This structure very much resembles a hanging flower or coral. So there is potential to link that in with the site in which the structure is placed.

03|

This iteration was

developed by adding the pipe plug in to give the structure a defined shape. This allows for a more literal application to be invisioned. This structure could be manufactored with both manual manufactoring and digital design tools. The shape is reminicent of a morphed version of the structure of an ancient bug. The application of this project could be the size of pipes could be changed and could be developed into an interactive music installation.

fossil of primative bug

04|

This iteration was de-

veloped through using multiple point charges and spin forces.

The spin factor was increased quite heavily. The spin on this iteration is quite interesting and has come out with a very distinctive entry and exit point to the design. It could be developed further to be perphaps a viewing stand in order to watch something in a public space.

Or it could even be a pool. This design is quite striking.

B.3

case study 2.0 The Morning Line Architect: Aranda/Lasch Year: 2008-13 The Morning Line is a series of art installations in various locations in the cityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s of Saville, Istanbul, Vienna, and Karlsruhe for the Thyssen-Bornemisza Art Contemporary. It uses a series of web like structures cut out of aluminium. There is no entrance or exit to the structure and each of the block like structures connect to each other and that is the only specification. This structure is very in keeping with biomimicry design and the following shows the reverse engineering of this project.

The structure was inspired by our place within the univere and humanities place in history and the awesome structure of our univerise.

Within the structure there is installed a series of speakers and controles that allow for the structure to take on an interactive role within the space.

This technology can be interchanged with other music artists work in order for the project to be fluid and ever evolving.

Each seperate installation is made out of a differernt metal sourced locally. The structure is digitally fabibricated.

REVERSE ENGINEER The Morning Line

1

2

The first step involoved a box that was constrained by a series of values. The box was then populated by points

3

The Voronai 3D tool was then used to add the voronai to the box based on the points.

I then added a restriction to the algorithim so that if the size of the voronai are less than a certain number they will not be made a solid.

4

The individal cube structu were then joined togethe form a single soild. Then t edges were rounded out w a transform vector.

2

ures er to the with

5

A mesh was then added to the soild structure and the mesh was then divided into a triangulation patterned using a vector.

6

The mesh was then thickened using a transform vector

7

Finally the edges were smoothed like the vertexes in the original Morning Line.

FINAL OUTCOME OF REVERSE ENGINEER The Morning Line

3D View

Top View

Front (Left) View

Front (Right) View

B.4

Technique Development

B.4 TECHNIQUE DEVELOPMENT Successful Iterations 01|

This iteration is successful because it resembles an

organic sea sponge. While it does not have any specific applications. It could be added to the merri merri creek to enhance the the creekscape and could add interetst perhaps to the dam section of the creek.

02|

This iteration could be potentially applied to the site by

bridging the structure accross the merri merri creek to allow to either humans or nature from crossing the creek. The structure uses sharp edges and therefore could use uniform shapes to construct the structure.

03|

This iteration looks very similar to the branches of a

tree at merri merri creek and is interesting to look at. It could be potentially applied as a sculpture.

04|

This iteration is very simmilar to the shape of the other

iterations. It is reminisent of a forged piece of metal.

05|

This iteration is my version of the mroning line with its

different sized webbings. Like the Morning Line it has a an appli-

3

4

1

2

5

B.5

Prototypes

B.6

Technique: Proposal

Site Location _ Merri Merri Creek

INTERACTIVE STRCTURE: The Spider’s Web The Spider’s Web is a multi use structure that will be placed in the Egan Reserve. The structure that was derived off an algorithm is for it to be pinned down into the ground and to be cantilevered over the Merri Merri creek. My proposal is that the structure will be used as a frame for a spanning web that can support people. The uses for this structure include but aren’t limited to, a place to relax and lie down, a place to read, a place to fish watch. The idea is that you climb up the structure in a sort of manner in which you might climb rocks. It will be be constructed from bamboo, which is a highly regenerative material that can fully regenerate within 2 years. Or perhaps it would be constructed from Section of Site

recycled pipes that are sourced locally.

Render of Proposal

B.7 Learning Outcome + References

LEARNING OUTCOMES Biomimicry has influenced the way that that I look at design. Digital tools allow me to realise the complex structures that can be developed using the biomimicry techniques. Expanding on the knowledge that I gained through part A and by completing the tutorial videos I believe that my skills in Grasshopper and Digital Design as a whole has improved quite remarkably. As a result of my efforts I was able to produce a model and a scheme and using the University’s Fabrication Lab I could produce my scheme using the 3D Printers. Progressing forward I may be able to further my model and work on the connections for the scheme.

REFERENCES Pawlyn, M 2011, Biomimicry In Architecture, n.p.: London : RIBA, c2011., UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE’s Catalogue, EBSCOhost, viewed 26 April 2016.

ZBAŠNIK-SENEGAČNIK, M, & KUZMAN, M 2014, ‘INTERPRETATIONS OF ORGANIC ARCHITECTURE’, Prostor, 22, 2, pp. 291-301, Art & Architecture Complete, EBSCOhost, viewed 26 April 2016.

IMAGES http://www.redbull.com/cs/RedBull/RBImages/000/000/237/891/photo610x343a/_MG_9555.jpg https://c2.staticflickr.com/6/5270/5882758562_2ec5a6b118_b.jpg http://assets.inhabitat.com/wp-content/blogs.dir/1/files/2013/06/biomimicry-3d-janine-benyus-2.jpg http://www.pd4pic.com/images/green-leaves-structure-nature-flora-1.jpg http://www.dgrin.com/attachment.php?attachmentid=33154&stc=1&d=1300582727

B.8

appendix - algorithmic sketchbook

C.1 Design Concept

BACKGROUND RESEARCH

Research on What Children See and Feel While Learning Children have a unique perspective on the world and

an open plan classroom setting meaning that the

they often require stimulus. This project is a sound

tables are either arranged in rows or in a circular

defusing installation that is designed to be stimu-

table arrangement. This means sound travels differ-

lating to the children trough the colour scheme and

ently in a primary school environment than in a in a

patterning. There is a mass amount of research that

high school or tertiary environment. This idea of this

suggests that interesting colours and patterned in the

project is to enhance the sound of the teacher at the

architecture of the building not only helps the children

front of the class by using a hard wood material. This

to be initially engaged in the learning by being in a

means the sound is easily bounced off in order to

positive working environment. We can use examples

thesis hard tiles that have been placed in a specific

such as the Hillary Clinton Library in Arkansas in

position and allows for the children to hear what the

America. This library also uses functional pieces of

teacher is saying more clearly. The panels in the

artwork to stimulate the children and get them en-

other direction are made out of echo panel with is a

gaged in learning. The hopes for out project is that it

felt like compressed composite material that absorbs

will both act as a sound barrier to defuse the fun that

the sound that the children are making. By using this

the children thus lessing the disturbance on neigh-

dual material set up it allows for the children to be

bouring classes and aiding the learning process.

more focused on learning and less distracted by other

Classrooms in the earlier years are offers set out in

sounds around them.

Diagram of the Ceiling Panel Instaltion in Realation to the Teacher and Students

CEILING INSTALATION

TEACHER SOUND DIRECTION

CHILDREN

Colour Research and Justification The use of the primary colours were used as they are bold and engaging to the young mind. The also allow for some room for the teacher to use the installation in the learning process. But because the panels are have different colours on different sides of the panels the ceiling installation looks different from the perspective that you are looking at. This also increases the level of stimulation for the children and others that enter the room.

C.2 Tectonic Elements & Prototypes

First Digital Explorations

These are the first explorations digitally form the algorithm that we developed. We played with the overall shape and form as well as the overall dimensions.

Inital Plans for the Ceiling Installation

Project Inital Visuisations

AUDI-CADE Review Design

Concept insitu.

JOINT RESEARCH As this is quite a complex jointing structure. Some experimentation and refining of the joint between the panels would need to be done to optimise the design.

MATERIAL RESEARCH

C.2 Prototyping

FINISH EXPERIMENTATION

FORM EXPERIMENTATION

C.3 Final Detail Model

From th seeming der to p of echo

he feedback from the interim review we saw as a group that our shape of the panels were gly random and although that is still appealing to the eye it is not very economical so in orprogress further there was a need to develop a shape that we can cut out of a standard piece o board with minimal wastage.

COLOUR CHANGES EXPERIMENTATION

Final Design Section The panels were changed from a randomised blob to a more uniform shape and this allowed of them to be more uniformity and economically cut with very little wastage.

Final Physical Model MODEL MAKING PROCESS