Architecture Portfolio - James Williams - Liverpool John Moores University BA(Hons) Architecture

JAMES WILLIAMS

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PORTFOLIO

James Coulman Williams djcoulman@btinternet.com

+44 (0) 7581 572076

https://www.linkedin.com/in/jamescoulmanwilliams/

BA(Hons) Architecture Liverpool John Moores University

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ABOUT MYSELF I define myself as an energetic young architect with the core belief that architecture is more than a design process. Inspiration and expressionism are the two fundamentals to my approach to design. Combined with my hardworking and committed approach, I strive to develop a professional career in Architecture on completion of my BA(Hons) Architecture degree in 2021.

Efficient and effective teamwork abided by strong listening and communication skills are the cornerstone to my workings. With the ability to manage heavy workloads, born from my passion of sailing, these are the reasons to why I believe I can develop professionally and adapt to the challenges places upon me.

HOBBIES

WORK

PERSONAL Full Name

Customer Assistant David James Coulman Williams

Birthday

Lidl GB | June 2020 - September 2020

13th September 1998

Politics

LANGUAGES English

1st Language

Welsh

2nd Language

History

Travel

Sailing

Rubgy

EDUCATION Bachelor of Art (Hons) Architecture (RIBA Part I) Liverpool John Moores University | 2018 - 2021

PERSONAL SKILLS

Graduating with a First Class BA(Hons) Degree, with an overall average of 77%, achieving module grades of up to 84%.

Public Speaking

A-Level’s

Concepts

Ysgol Uwchradd Caergybi | 2016 - 2018

Design

For my A-Levels I studied Maths, Information Technology and Product Design achieving an A grade.

Techical

GCSE’s Ysgol Uwchradd Caergybi | 2011 - 2016

SOFTWARE SKILLS

Receiving 12 GCSE’s ranging from A* to C grades, these included the core subjects of English, Maths and Welsh.

Sketchup

ADDITIONAL CERTIFICATIONS

AutoCAD

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Enscape Photoshop Illustrator InDesign

MS3Office

Sales & Services Assistant Stena Line | May 2019 - March 2020 During the seasonal periods of the summer and Christmas I worked as a sales and services assistant onboard Stena Line’s ferry Stena Adventurer. Working 13 hour shifts per day on a week on/week off rota plus overtime, working both days and nights. Skills that were learnt in this position included: • Working on call, resulting in being prepared to work outside of my rota hours.

• Dealing with customers that do not speak English • Working to a tight schedule due to turn around times.

Emergency Recreation Assistant - Lifeguard, Groundskeeper & Receptionist Isle of Anglesey Country Council | February 2016 -

ENG 1 Seafarer Medical.

Highfield Level 2 Award in Food Safety in Catering.

Highfield Level 2 Award in Food Allergen Awareness.

Level 2 Awards in Principles of COSHH. Certificate of Proficiency in Elementary First Aid. Certificate of Proficiency in Fire Prevention & Fighting.

Certificate of Proficiency in Crowd Management.

Certificate of Proficiency in Security Awareness.

Revit

Under this position I learned how to adapt my approach to each and every customer depending on their needs.

Teamwork was paramount to ensure the store operated smoothly during the day with listening and communicating paramount to meet various targets.

September 2018 Achieving the National Pool Lifeguard Qualification, for three years I worked as a Lifeguard. Keeping in mind at all times that the lives of all users of the swimming pools, where under my legal duty and responsibility.

REFERENCES Availability

Upon Request

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Contents

Model Visualisa Northern Powerhouse

Assembly

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Model onorSite Weather Not

Urban Connecting

A Place for Crafting 1:250

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Axonometric

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Tree Housing

Axonometric Liverpool, United Kingdom

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Front View

p.44 1:500

NORTHERN POWERHOUSE ASSEMBLY Comprehensive Design Project Dukes Dock, The City of Liverpool, United Kingdom Donald Dewar, founder of Scottish devolution once said, “Devolution is a process, not an event”.

Continuing from this, my nal year undergraduate project was to design a legislative assembly that would house a regional devolved assembly for the North of England. An aim of this project was to tackle the major issues facing politics within the UK. Born from the acknowledgement that politics is complex, the concept of ‘Interweave’ was established. The Assembly was designed to house a 100 seat debating chamber, along with a design that would engage the elected with the electors.

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INTERWEAVE Addressing the Issues

Deep dissatisfaction towards our public institutions over the last two decades has resulted in an alarming increase of low voter turnout within the UK. Many of us draw cause to this disenfranchisement due to the cynicism surrounding politicians. Through investigations, we can determine that there is a link between parliamentary design of a legislature and voter engagement.

Adaptability

Consensus

Transparency

INTERWEAVE

‘Weave or become woven together’

However from investigations, the complexities of politics was seen through design as well. If we were looking for a simple answer to increasing voter engagement within the UK, there would be non. Instead, we look at the interweaving of different elements that work together to achieve the goal in hand.

Therefore with this in mind, with the goal of creating a legislature that will engage the unengaged, decreased the political divide and represent all Northerners the concept of ‘Interweave’ was adopted.

Through investigatory studies, results found that politics biggest problems today, was a lack of connectivity, a lack of identity and an increasing voter disengagement. To highlight the seriousness nature of these issues, each of these problems formed the three concepts.

Tackling and addresses the issues through design interpretations, taking precedent from Daniel Libeskind, Jewish Museum in Berlin.

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Connectivity

Voter Engagement

Identity

VOTER ENGAGEMENT

The Issue of Connectivity

The Issue of Voter Engagement

Legislatures across the globe are usually found in the capital of the nation it serves.

Whilst this is tting, this creates the problem that the building is hundreds of miles away from the majority of the nations population.

With acknowledgment of history, that many have fought for the vote, the concept of ‘Voter Engagement’ will through design interpretation and form address the UK’s lower voter turnout rate.

The Route of Connectivity

The Triangles of Engagement

From site analysis we discovered that historically, Dukes Dock a was a central hub for the transportation of cargo across the North of England through the canal systems. This systems of canals was a direct connections between major towns and cities of the North of England, making it an excellent interpretation for connectivity. The Route of connectivity will symbolise the connecting of the North.

To highlight the low voter turnout within the North of England, the voter turnout gures of each of the 12 counties are studied and along with the population gures, ‘triangles of engagement’ will be formed. The triangles, that make up the entities of the Assembly, each are formed with their prime angle set at the average voter turnout rate for that region.

- Voter Turnout Percentage

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York

h - County Population Percentage a

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CONNECTIVITY

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Tyne & Wear Cumbria Durham North Yorkshire Lancashire E Riding Yorkshire West Yorkshire Merseyside Gr Manchester South Yorkshire Cheshire

a - Total North Population

IDENTITY

The Issue of Identity

Often stated as the ‘People’s House’, legislatures main function is to represent the people. Findings found however, that parliaments usually grand in design, do not represent the people they serve but instead represent power and wealth.

The Symbols of Identity

With the combining of three regions into one parliament, it creates the issue of how identify is celebrated throughout the north. To address the issue of identity of each of the regions of the north, famous symbols of each region will be included within the building facade and interior details. This will as people see the building or enter it, give the sense that all of the north is represented in the Assembly.

Blackpool Tower

North West Region

Angel of the North

York Minster

North East Region

Yorkshire & Humber Region

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North Elevation

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South Elevation

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The Citizens Assembly

North East Region Tower

Press Brie ng Room

North West Region Tower

The Route of Connectivity

Facade Positioning

The Ash Timber and Concrete cladding that surrounds the central core of the building has rhombus shaded panels that are angled at 65%, this is to highlight the average voter turnout rate in the North of England. The symbolism of this is for years to come people can look back and see whether this new regional assembly did it job of increasing voter engagement.

Window Shades

All window shadows in the Citizens Assembly, Committee Rooms and Debating chamber have oak timber solar shades placed between the sheets of glazing. The solar shades allow a reduced amount of light in by having cut outs of the famous symbols of the north, complying with the concept of identity.

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Yorkshire & the Humber Region Tower

Electors - Elected Engagement Area

The Viewing Gallery

The Debating Chamber

North Section

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Ground Floor Plan

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The Citizens Assembly

1. Participant Registration Room 2. 30 Seat Citizens Assembly 3. Presiding Of cer of the Citizens Assembly Chair 4. Presiding Of cer of the Citizens Assembly Of ce 5. Hansards and Reporters Stations The Press Rooms

6. 56 Seat Press Brie ng Room One 7. 30 Seat Press Brie ng Room Two

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Citizens’ Assembly

The Assembly includes a second chamber, known as the Citizens’ Assembly. This chamber is where the public can come to debate legislation and raise issues, improving the public’s engagement within the political process.

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The Legislative

8. 16 Seat Committee Room One 9. Political Party Meeting Rooms 10. The Elected Dedicated W/C 11. 101 Seat Hemicycle Debating Chamber

12. The Presiding Of cers Desk along with space for two Clerks 13. Seating for two Hansards 14. Voting Area 15. Presiding Of cers & Hansards Of ce 16. Members Milling Space Public Engagement

17. The Route of Connectivity 18. Elected-Electors Engagement space 19. Private Meeting Rooms 20. Exhibition & Art Galleries 21. The Assembly’s Cafe 22. Cafe Kitchen and Storage 23. Information Desk 24. Information Desk of ce 25. Security Checkpoint 26. Visitors W/C 27. Storage

First Floor Plan

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The Elected O ces

1. The North East Region Elected Members Of ces 2. The North West Region Elected Members Of ces 3. Yorkshire & the Humber Region Elected Members Of ces 4. The Light Well of Discussion

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Elected Members O ces

To improve engagement between the elected from the same region, regardless of party af liation, the members of ces are situated in three towers, one for each of the regions of the North of England.

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The Public Section

5. Committee Room One 8 Seat Public Viewing Gallery 6. Male W/C with Disabled Cubical 7. Female W/C with Disabled Cubical 8. Parliamentary Files Storage 9. Committee Room Two 18 seat public viewing gallery 10. Fire Stair Core and Lift Shaft

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11. The Debating Chamber 80 seat viewing Gallery with of cials section and wheelchair spaces 12. Public Media Room 13. Television Camera Positions

The Journey of the Bill

The Route of Engagement derived from the North of England Canal system, directs the passage of the bill through the Northern Powerhouse Assembly.

1. Stage One - The Bill is introduced to the Assembly in the Debating Chamber by the Members and debated.

2. Stage Two - If Approved, the Bill then goes to stage two to which amendments are proposed.

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Engagement Area

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Cafe

All areas of the legislative assembly are designed to increase the public’s transparency on the political process, with multiple engagement areas included to make the elected more accountable. The interior design includes the use of different shades of timber formed in an interweaving pattern to re ect the coming together of the North of England.

Committee Room

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Area of Discussion

6. Stage 3 and Passage - The Bill then is returned to the chamber for nal debate and passage.

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The Debating Chamber

5. Bill goes through the Area of Discussion where any member of the public can intervene.

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The Journey of the Bill

3. Committee Stage - The bill then goes to the committee room for a committee debate on the bill, the bill is looked into with great detail and amendments are proposed.

4. Citizens Assembly Stage - Unique to the NPA, the bill then goes to Citizens Assembly stage to which members of the public called upon via a jury selection process system, will spend time discussing the bill and a secret vote will take place to see if the public approve of the Bill.

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Exterior View

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STRUCTURE

Structural Exploded Axonometric

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Structure

1. Triangular roof structure angled at various degrees to achieve interweave form. Structure composed of diagrid form to achieve structural stability and soundness. The diagrid structure transmits loads to columns.

2. Independent roof structures angled at 20 degrees, 18 degrees and 16 degrees to highlight voter turnout in the 3 regions. The reasoning for the independency form main structure is to allow construction in segments off site, resulting in quicker assembly and construction onsite.

3. Independent structure angled to form central corridor, leaver system is used to ensure tension and compression forces are sound at an increased angle.

4. 500mm x 260mm Douglas r Timber Split Glulam Beams. These are secured to each side of a column this allows the column to be continuous and also to provide support to the CLT slabs that rest upon it.

5. 310mm x 310mm Douglas r Timber Beam that span perpendicular to split beam.

6. 560mm x 280mm Douglas r Timber Glulam Columns xed to foundation via Fabricated Steel Flitch foundation footing secured with two M10 through bolts, covered with timber for extra re protection.

7. Steel Cross Brace to reduce movement and provide strength.

CLT Elements

8. 220mm (5 layer) CLT Roof Slab secured to Glulam beams via M8 hercow screw and bracket.

9. 220mm (5 layer) CLT Floor Slab secured to Glulam beams via hercow screw and bracket. Using thick CLT slabs eliminated the need for additional joists thus reducing construction time.

10. CLT Stairwell and Lift Shaft, also provides extra support to structure.

Debating Chamber Elements

11. Curved 310mm x 310mm Douglas Fir Timber Glulam Beam xed to columns to achieve curved debating chamber.

12. 220mm (5 layer) CLT Floor Slab secured to CLT load bearing structure via hercow screw and bracket.

13. 364mm (6 layer) CLT load bearing structure secured to foundation via hercow screw and bracket with moisture barrier in-between. Load bearing structure customised to ensure debating chamber seating arrangement of an angel and curved is achieved.

Foundation

14. Reinforced Concrete 550mm in depth at its max and 250mm at its min.

15. Reinforced Pile Cap with fabricated steel itch column footing set within.

16. Ø350 short-bored pile.

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Structural Axonometric

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Structural Exploded Axonometric

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Window Detailing

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Sectional Construction Detail

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Roof

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50mm x 400mm Aluminium Parapet anchored to secondary steel parapet channel.

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Trapezoidal style corrugated aluminium sheets secured to a series of battens and counter battens.

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120mm thick (5 layer) CLT upstand enclosed with 70mmm wood bre insulation with aluminium foil vapour barrier lining with aluminium capping with sof t clad joining below with ventilation gap.

Secured to CLT roof via M8 hercow screw and bracket with timber bolt re covering plate.

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450mm x 180mm stainless steel drain layered on a bed of ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber beneath, situated above 70mm wood bre insulation with support of 70mm x 25mm solid Douglas r wood battens along the perimeter.

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240mm wood bre insulation enclosed in Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer rubber sitting on aluminium foil for vapour control.

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120mm thick Cross laminated timber (CLT) (5 Layer) secured to Glulam structure via M8 hercow screw and brackets, covered with timber plate for re protection.

Structure 7.

300mm x 260mm Douglas r itch beam consisting of 30mm x 260mm steel itch plate sandwiched between two 115mm x 260mm glulam beams, connected together via a staggered series of through bolts. Bolts are covered with 2mm dowel to improve re resistance. Flitch beams are used to support angular nature of the roof.

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310mm x 280mm Douglas r glulam beam secured to a 560mm x 280mm Douglas r glulam column via a series of through bolts spaced 5 times is diameter apart from each other and of the edge of the beam to avoid splits in the timber. Covered with 2mm timber dowels.

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500mm x 260mm Douglas r primary beam formed in pairs of two to increase structural strength and stability and to allow for cantilevers.

10. 350mm x 240mm Douglas r secondary beam.

Window

11. 5mm Aluminium Sloped Flashing.

12. 20mm x 260mm Plywood to form support for window structure.

13. Window Flange connected to breathable membrane.

14. 20mm Top Extension Jamb.

15. PVC Window frame that encases glazed panels.

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Construction Detail

Roof Detailing

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Doubled Glazed Window with 18mm vacuum gap form increased insulation.

25mm Interior Lower Jamb.

25mm Exterior Window Spill at 2 degree slant for water run-off.

Waterproof membrane.

Window Frame Connected to mountain block.

Blocking for Flanged Window mounting.

Polyisocyanurate rigid insulation enclosed in Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer Rubber sitting on aluminium foil for vapour control.

Facade (Prefabricated Timber Casette)

23. Cor-Ten Weathering steel cladding panels secured to prefabricated timber cassette by series of timber battens and counter battens.

24. 200mm polyisocyanurate rigid insulation tted in-between a series of structural Timber noggins surrounded by on the exterior a pro ted Breather membrane and on the interior a Vapour Control layer.

25. Enclosed the 15mm oriented strand board (OSB) secured to the glulam structure with a series of brackets Finished with 12.5mm plasterboard.

26. Aluminium Sof t with ventilation gap.

First-to-Seventh Floor Flooring

27. Herringbone panelled Oak Timber ooring sitting on 35mm screed which enclosed under oor heating wires and temperatures sensors.

28. 5 0 m m Wo o d b re i n s u l a t i o n w i t h aluminium foil vapour barrier lining the insider.

29. 220mm CLT Floor slab (5 Layer) secured to Glulam structure via M10 hercow screw and bracket.

Foundation

30. Exposed Polished Concrete 150mm of screed with under oor heating wires and temperature sensors.

31. 300mm polyisocyanurate rigid insulation sitting on a damp proof membrane which feeds via a damp proof course into the outside drainage.

32. Additional 50mm insulation below a pressured treated cap strip for sound insulation.

33. Land drain pipe surrounded by hardcore.

34. Steel-reinforced concrete foundation (Pile Cap) which supports the concrete raft foundation at its max 550mm in depth and 250mm at its min layered with 100mm of sand and hardcore beneath..

35. Ø350 short-bored pile placed below 40mm of lean mix concrete binding.

WEATHER OR NOT Architectural Design Festival Gardens, Liverpool, United Kingdom The third year semester one project situated in the closed historic land ll site of Festival Gardens in Liverpool, challenged myself to answer the question of ‘How can architecture form the response to the way we deal with the effects of closed land ll sites’. From this, an energy generation centre was born, housing a methane extraction plant, along with an informative/interactive centre to teach and guide people on sustainable-living. The concept of ‘Fragmentation’ was adopted, derived from a study of materials breaking down in land ll.

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I For most of the 20th century, up to 90% of our waste ended up in UK land ll, resulting in a vast number of areas in the country with closed land ll sites that have detrimental affects on our environment.

Due to toxic fumes given off by the decaying waste, it is impossible to treat closed land ll as normal land. This has led to the sites becoming derelict with the continuous problem of harming the environment.

\ Fragmentation Diagrams

Spatial Formation

Following from the form of fragmentation, I wanted to have a spatial development in which the layout of the building had a meaning. The way in which I did this was by looking at the statistics of where our waste ends up today. Highlighting that even though we have reduced our dependency on Land ll within the UK, we still contribute to a large amount of waste internationally.

Looking at the top ve countries in which our waste goes:

Working innovatively, the building will tackle this problem and show how old land ll sites can be reused. Through research, the concept of ‘Fragmentation’ was developed, derived from a study on decaying matter in land ll.

The concept through form emphasises how decaying materials can be carefully managed.

Its programmatic use includes a methane extraction plant used as the source of sustainable management of waste. Along with interactive and informative spaces to show the public how to live sustainably.

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Malysia

Turkey

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How architecture forms the response to the way we deal with the e ects of closed land ll sites.

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FRAGMENTATION

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Poland

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Indonesia

Netherlands

Formation of the Fragment

Using the data set out by the gures of waste sent to international countries, the form of the methane capture centre is developed. One of the main features of the building is to stress the damage land lls are creating around the globe, therefore by having a form that highlights the amount of land ll waste we still globally, it will emphasis the issue at hand. With the hope in the future of these gures decreasing Development ept &send Development by using sustainable methods of waste disposal set out in the building.

Netherlands Netherlands UK

Poland UK Turkey

Poland Turkey

Malaysia

Malaysia Indonesia

Indonesia

2. Running a line through the plot, angling the line to the degrees set out by degree of waste sent to foreign countries.

1. Plotting of Countries by Capital City.

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3. Forming the

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4. Forming the second fragment from the grid.

Facade Positioning

Following from Daniel Libeskind saying that everything would have a story behind it. The cladding on the external walls of the outer structure are angled at 24%, this is to signify that today still 24% of out waste still ends up in land ll in the UK. Adding to this affect that the lines appear in direct direction from the land ll ground.

Cladding Positioning

The outer fragment contains the Cor-Ten cladding and the Ash Timber. Where as the inner fragment building contains the Aluminium Cladding. This has been done to form the Allotrope of Old (AluminiumRecycled Cars) to New (Ash Timber).

West Elevation

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Perspective Elevation

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Ground Floor Plan Exhibition Liverpool, United Kingdom

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Ground Floor Plan Exhibition

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First Floor Plan Energy Generation & Recycling Centre 1.

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First Floor Plan Energy Generation & The Recycling Centre Liverpool, United Kingdom

Reception The Office Exhibition Space 1 Storage Exhibition Space 2 Gas Wells Landfill Viewing Area Exhibition Space 2

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Reception The Of ce Exhibition Space One Storage Exhibition Space Two Gas Wells Land ll Viewing Area

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Exhibition Space Three

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Small Recycling Items Area

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Sorting Area Plant Room Disabled W/C Female W/C Male W/C

Large Recycling Items Area THE2.FRAGMENT

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Methane Storage Area Methane Collection Plant Health and Safety Room Recycling Items Storage Workshop One Workshop Two

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Second Floor Plan Staff & Workspace Liverpool, United Kingdom

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Second Floor Plan Staff & Workspace

Third Floor Plan The Cafe Liverpool, United Kingdom

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Third Floor Plan The Cafe 1.

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Main Work Area Conference Room Office Office Storage Staff Room Bridge Methane Collection Viewing Area

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Main Work Area Conference Room Of ce One Of ce Two Storage Staff Room Bridge

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Methane Collection Viewing Area

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Seating

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Kitchen Dry Food Store Cold Food Store Frozen Food Store The Rooftop Garden

Food Purchasing Area THE2. FRAGMENT

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Site Plan Visualisation

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Recycling Centre

Landfill Viewing Area & Exhibition Space

Promenade View

Side View 27

Interior Stair Well

Mersey River View

STRUCTURE

Structural Exploded

Axonometric 8

Structural Exploded Axonometric 1 2

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Structure

1. Independent Joist roof structure angled at 10 degrees to achieve the fragmented form. Joists are used to give added stability to the angled form. The reasoning for the independency from main structure is to allow construction in segments off site, resulting in quicker assembly and construction onsite.

2. Flitch Type timber columns used in independent joist roof structure to give added strength to support angled roof.

3. 500mm x 260mm Douglas r Timber Split Glulam Beams. These are secured to each side of a column this allows the column to be continuous and also to provide support to the CLT slabs that rest upon it.

4. 310mm x 310mm Douglas r Timber Beam that span perpendicular to split beam.

5. 560mm x 280mm Douglas r Timber Glulam Columns xed to foundation via Fabricated Steel Flitch foundation footing secured with two M10 through bolts, covered with timber for extra re protection.

6. Steel Cross Brace to reduce movement and provide strength.

7. Independent ramp structure constructed from Douglas r glulam Beams and Douglas r itch glulam columns to provide added strength to CLT ramp slab.

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220mm (5 layer) CLT Floor Slab secured to Glulam beams via hercow screw and bracket. Using thick CLT slabs eliminated the need for additional joists thus reducing construction time.

10. CLT Stairwell and Lift Shaft, also provides extra support to structure.

11. CLT Ramp slab.

Retaining Walls

12. Mechanically Stabilised Earth Retaining Walls with Concrete Facing Panels. Selected Back ll, in the case of the land ll the ground will be ltered with suitable not hazardous earth elements placed back into the site. Hazardous earth elements will be placed into fuel cells to extract methane. Steel Strip Reinforcements placed into the selected back ll to give strength.

With Secondary soil reinforcements also within nished with Wall top, to which the upper level foundation sits on.

Foundation

13. Reinforced Concrete 550mm in depth at its max and 250mm at its min.

14. Reinforced Pile Cap with fabricated steel itch column footing set within.

15. Ø350 short-bored pile.

CLT Elements

8. 100mm (5 layer) CLT Roof Slab secured to Glulam beams via M8 hercow screw and bracket.

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Structural Axonometric

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ROOF STRUCTURE

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Structural Exploded Axonometric 4 5 6

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Roof

1. 50mm x 250mm Aluminium Parapet anchored to secondary steel parapet channel.

2. 120mm thick (5 layer) CLT upstand enclosed with aluminium capping with sof t clad joining below with ventilation gap.

3. 150mm x 180mm stainless steel drain layered on a bed of ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber beneath.

4. Trapezoidal style corrugated steel secured to a series of battens and counter battens.

5. 240mm polyisocyanurate rigid insulation enclosed in Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer Rubber sitting on aluminium foil for vapour control.

6. 100mm thick CLT (5 layer) secured to Glulam structure via M8 hercow screw and bracket.

Skylight

8. 10mm Air Space Gap sandwiched between two 4mm Glass forming double glazing.

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600mm x 600mm Aluminium Window Frame which a Polysulphide Seal.

Structure

10. 150mm x 150mm Douglas r Glulam Horizontal Joist spanning between larger Glulman beam frame.

11. 300mm x 300mm Douglas r Glulam Beams secured together via hercow screw and bolt. Angled at 10 degrees to form part of fragmented form of entire structure.

12. 150mm x 1500m Douglas r Glulam Vertical Joists spanning below larger Glulam beam frame and above the base structure below. Running in-between Glulam Flitch Columns.

13. 300mm x 300mm Douglas r Glulam Flitch Columns.

A itch column is used to add strength to support the Glulam Beam structure and roof above, this is done due to the angled nature in which is sits (10 degrees).

The added strength comes from a steel segment sandwiched between two timber glulam segments.

14. 50mm Douglas r Sawn Timber base. This is added to allow for the independent construction and assembly of the roof separate to the main structure resulting in quicker overall construction time of the building.

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Column - Foundation Connection

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CLT Floor Slab - Beam Connection

TREE HOUSING Experimental Design RopeWalks, Liverpool, United Kingdom The second year semester two project situated in the historic RopeWalks area in the city of Liverpool, challenged myself to design a block of residential apartments with a structure solely made from Timber.

The spatial positioning of the building was derived from the history of the land in which the apartments are located. Acknowledging at the same time the climate emergency, the building also has a public section which houses an in-city recycling plant, with a workshop to experiment on new ways to reuse waste, wrapped in a facade of the experimental material of Polli-Brick.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Acknowledging the land we occupy

The concept of acknowledgment was derived from an historical analysis of the site to which the apartments would be located on. Through investigations, what was found was that the site is located in the historic area known as RopeWalks, in the city of Liverpool.

The RopeWalks area rises gently from Hanover Street, up towards Berry Street, and includes Europe’s oldest established Chinatown. The name is derived from the craft of rope-making for sailing ships, which occurred in this area.

The ‘Roperies’ serviced the shipping industry following the creation of the world’s rst ‘WetDock’ in Liverpool.

The historic fabric of the RopeWalks area was acknowledged through the buildings spatial form. Vertically, the form of the building celebrates the craft of rope-making which occurred in the area by taking a form from a study of Ship Sails.

The building’s layout in plan was born from a study of the major locations the port of Liverpool served during the 19th and 20th century.

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Seel Street Elevation

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Back Seal Street Elevation

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Formation of Residential Towers & Workshop

The residential towers and workshop where developed from the study of the Sails from a traditional three sail boat that would be found in the docks of Liverpool in the past.

PolliBrick Facade

To emphasis the advantages of reusing recycled materials, the workshop which houses recycling activities, is clad in the experimental material of PolliBrick, which is reformed plastic bricks recycled from old plastic bottles.

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Ground Floor Plan

Public Area

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Residential Car Park Residential Lobby Post Box Bike Store Public Conference Room Recycling Drop off Area Waste Store Warehouse Shop Toilet

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Apartment A - Living/Kitchen Apartment A - Master Bed Apartment A - Bedroom 2 Apartment A - Bathroom Apartment A - Balcony Apartment B - Living/Kitchen Apartment B - Master Bed Apartment B - Bathroom Apartment B - Balcony Apartment C - Living/Kitchen Apartment C - Master Bed Apartment C - Bathroom Apartment D - Living/Kitchen Apartment D - Master Bed Apartment D - Bathroom Apartment E - Living/Kitchen Apartment E - Master Bed Apartment E - Toilet Residential Garden

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Typical Accommodation Floor Plan

Residential Area

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Residential Garden

Seal Street Visualisation 35

Car Park Entrance

Aerial View

STRUCTURE

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Structural Exploded Axonometric

2 Structure

1. Independent Joist Structure angled at 10 degrees to achieve the desired angled roof that would represent a Flying Jib sail from a Sailing Ship.

2. Independent Joists that rests at the top of the two residential towers that provide an angled roof to present two main sail masts.

3. 560mm x 280mm Timber Glulam Columns xed to foundation via Fabricated Steel Flitch foundation footing secured with two M10 through bolts.

4. 800mm x 320mm Timber Glulam Columns, larger size needed to support curved Glulam Columns.

5. 800mm x 320mm x 8000mm semi arched Glulam Columns (used to achieved desired angled roof to represent sail) secured to Timber Glulam Column below via Flitch connection bolted with M10 bolts covered with timber for extra re protection. Secured at the top via circular steel column directly to Glulam Timber beam below.

6. 500mm x 260mm Timber Split Glulam Beams. These are secured to each side of a column this allows the column to be continuous and also to provide support to the CLT slabs that rest upon it.

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310mm x 310mm Timber Glulam Beam that will span perpendicular to split beam.

Steel Cross Brace to reduce movement and provide strength.

CLT Elements

9. 220mm (5 layer) CLT Floor Slab secured to Glulam beams via hercow screw and bracket. Using thick CLT slabs eliminated the need for additional joists thus reducing construction time.

10. CLT Stairwell and Lift Shaft, also provides extra support to structure.

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180mm (3 layer) CLT walls. This where used inbetween the resident section and workshop section to provide speci c angles needed to meet design requirements.

Foundation

14. Reinforced Concrete 550mm in depth at its max and 250mm at its min.

15. Reinforced Pile Cap with fabricated steel itch column footing set within.

16. Ø350 short-bored pile.

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Structural Axonometric

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Construction Detail

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Roof

1. 50mm x 250mm Aluminium Parapet anchored to secondary steel parapet channel 2. 120mm thick (5 layer) CLT upstand enclosed with aluminium capping with sof t clad joining below with ventilation gap 3. 150mm x 180mm stainless steel drain layered on a bed of ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber beneath.

4. Trapezoidal style corrugated steel secured to a series of battens and counter battens.

5. 240mm polyisocyanurate rigid insulation enclosed in Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer Rubber sitting on aluminium foil for vapour control 6. 100mm thick CLT (5 layer) secured to Glulam structure via M8 hercow screw and bracket.

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PolliBrick Facade 7. 75mm x 75mm HSS Steel column substructural sub framing fastened with fastening joints to 560mm x 280 Glulam Column.

8. 80mm x 20mm steel batten secured to PolliBrick group via bracket and bolt.

9. Wire Mesh to reduce movement between PolliBricks.

10. 1624mm x 176mm PolliBrick group consisting of individual 308mm thick Polli Bricks stacked together and secured by its form. PolliBricks are lled with aerogel to improve insulation.

11. PVC Sheet on exterior to further secure the PolliBrick.

First Floor Flooring

12. Uniform 150mm x 500mm x 350mm limestone oor tiling sitting on 35mm screed which encloses under oor heating wires and temperature sensors.

13. 50mm polyisocyanurate rigid insulation in Ethylene Propylene

Diene Monomer Rubber sitting on aluminium foil for vapour control 14. 220mm CLT oor slab secured by 5 layer) secured to Glulam structure via M10 hercow screw and bracket.

Ground Level Facade

15. Aluminium Sof t with ventilation gap.

16. Anodised Aluminium cladding panels secured to prefabricated timber cassettes by series of timber battens and counter battens.

17. 200mm polyisocyanurate rigid insulation tted in-between a series of numerous structional Timber noggins surrounded by on the exterior side a pro ted Breather membrane and on the interior a Vapour Control layer.

18. Enclosed the 15mm oriented strand board (OSB) secured to the glulam structure with a series of brackets Finished with 12.5mm plasterboard.

Foundation

19. Ø350 short-bored pile placed below 40mm of lean mix concrete binding.

20. Structural Steel-reinforced concrete foundation (Also known as, Pile Cap) which supports the concrete raft foundation at its max 550mm in depth and 250mm at its min layered with 100mm of sand and hardcore beneath.

21. 300mm polyisocyanurate rigid insulation sitting on a damp proof membrane which feeds via a damp proof course into the outside drainage.

22. Uniform 50mm x 500mm x 350mm limestone oor tilting sitting on 100mm of screed with under oor heating wires and temperature sensors 23. Land drain pipe surrounded by hardcore.

24. Additional 50mm insulation below a pressured treated cap strip for sound insulation.

URBAN CONNECTING Urban Design Fabric District, Liverpool, United Kingdom The second year semester one project situated in the Fabric District of Liverpool, looked at the urban regeneration of the area. Through the concept of ‘Urban Connecting’, the urban design was formed from the principle of reconnecting a disconnected area of Liverpool entered around a new MerseyRail subway station. Using old disused subway tunnels underground ground level, the new subway station called ‘Fabric Place’ would bring people into the area into an area full of hospitality businesses and markets.

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Group Urban Design

Individual Detail Spatial Design

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Local Residence and Students

A way in which this was solved was to remove the second level and have access to the subway station on ground level. An idea that I adopted was the subway station to be accessed via a ramp going down. This would allow for the non-interruption of the walkways also.

Pedestrian Flow

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Centred are the subway station are Hospitality Units and Markets, located in two opposing ‘wing-like’ structures that were designed to emphasis and direct sunlight into the subway station.

Subway Line This gave me the problem of how the uses ramp throughout second levelthe would Main day reconnect with the walkway without any Routes interruption. Ways in Connecting which I tired to solve this was by having two ramps going down to ground level joining onto the walkways.

Business Commuters and Trade

Local Residence and Students

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Business Commuters and Trade

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To tackle these issues addressed, the concept of ‘Connectivity’ was adopted. Connecting the disconnected, as part of the urban layout of the site, was the inclusion of a permanent transport link to the city centre with a new subway station, using the disused Waterloo Tunnels that run under the district.

Next was to find the angle of the slope for the ramp. With the angle needing to be between 1:12 to 1:60 I then took the desired height of 2500mm and with a gradient of 1:12 this gave a length of 30000mm.

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industry, this once thriving part of Liverpool, today is left disconnected for the city centre and with many buildings on site left empty and derelict.

Local Residence and Students

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hroughout the day Known for its rich connections to the fabric

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Local Residence and Students

The city of Liverpool is known for its rich history of community. However we see today, many parts of the city are disconnected from other areas due to a lack of development and prosperity. An area which is subject to this is Subwaythe Linehistoric fabric district situated in the Islington area of the city.

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Connecting the Disconnected

Visualisation

A great way to encourage businesses and investments into the area is to have a Group permanent and Individual easyDetailaccessible Fabric District Urban Design Spatial Design The canopies will remain and transportation link, the disused Victoria Tunnel that runs reused -with the west facing Concept Connection directly under the Fabric District would be reopened, canopy used for fabric shops and A great way to encourage businesses and investments into the area is to have a the left and fortoaeasy market area. transportation connected theaccessible existing Merseyraillink,Network with athesubway permanent taking this forward disused Victoria Tunnel that runs directly under the Fabric District will be reopened, station built on site. connected to the existing Merseyrail Network and a subway station will be built on

Business Commuters and Trade

CONNECTIVITY

To solve this problem the court yard would be removed and filled in with the Transport access to theLink

subway Permanent station in the middle.

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ncourage businesses and investments into the area is to have a asy accessible transportation link, taking this forward the disused hat runs directly under the Fabric District will be reopened, existing Merseyrail Network and a subway station will be built on

East Elevation

North Section

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Masterplan

The masterplan is governed around a series of pathways which are formed to make each end of the site easily accessible. Located on the corner is the subway station, with shops and the market situated around the station.

1. Social Area

1 2. Subway Station PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

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ED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

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Hospitality Area

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Market Area

Ariel View of the Complex

Subway Station Sloping Path

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Hospitality Units

Aerial View

Model on Site

A PLACE FOR CRAFTING Axonometric Architectural Design Wrapping Dock, Liverpool, United Kingdom

Front View

The rst year semester two project situated in on the water-edge of Wrapping Dock, in the docks of Liverpool. This project created a space for a traditional crafting activity. In-keeping with its historic location on the docks of Liverpool, the craft activity was RIB boat making. The building was formed with a large warehouse for the activity to take place, along with a dry-dock to allow the boats to be lowered into the water for sea trials. The building also housed a home for the craftsperson.

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North Section

The Act of Boat Crafting

In choosing Boat-Making as the craft to take place at the workshop located on the edge of Wrapping Dock, we celebrate the rich history of the docks of Liverpool.

By choosing the craft of Boat-Making, through investigations, a large workshop was designed to allow medium-sized vessels to be built.

The inclusion of a suspended gantry crane in the workshop allowed for the smooth and continuous process of creating a RIB Boat Vessel to start at one end of the room with completion at the opposite end. A dry-dock was included into the workshop leading into the Wrapping Dock to allow for sea trials of the vessel.

To emphasis the importance of the dying industry of craft-making, two viewing galleries are situated on the rst oor, to allow members of the public to come and view the process.

With the building wrapped in a blue polymer, etched with symbols of Liverpools maritime history.

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BOAT CRAFTING

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Process of Boat Crafting

1. Creation of the hull mould on CAD. 2. Building of the hull mould using a combination of computerised wood cutters and laser machines.

3. Spraying of breglass onto the mould.

4. Using suspended crane the set breglass is moved to be assembled with other elements.

5. Teasing of the vessel by using the dry dock, which the oor is lowered to allow the boat to enter the dock. At ground level the dry-dock is used as a delivery entrance of trucks.

West Section

PolyCarbonate Facade Wrap

The aim purpose of the wrap is to act as a solar shade, due to the exposed nature of the site. The blue colouring of the polycarbonate works at blocking a large amount of sunlight whilst still allowing a certain amount of light to enter to reduce the need on arti cial lighting.

The facade is etched with lines of images that showcase the history of the Docks of Liverpool. As the sunlight passes through the facade, the etchings will project onto the large workshop oor.

North Section

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Ground Floor Plan 5 1

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Craftsperson Car Garage Learning & Engagement Room Client Meeting Room Reception Material Storage First Aid Room Main Crafting Area Dry Dock

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Drawing and CAD Room Staff Room W/C One W/C Two Craft Viewing Gallery One Craft Viewing Gallery Two

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Residence Entrance Outdoor Balcony Kitchen Space Master Bedroom Bathroom Bedroom Two Lounge

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Second Floor Plan

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