Modular furniture - Final Report B2.2

Modular furniture system Everyday Living: Open Innovation Space

Final Report Renรกta Jakab B2.2 s129118 Coach: Sander Mulder

TU/e Eindhoven University of Technology Department of Industrial Design Project code DPI38 June 2012

Table of content Introduction General description of the project

08

General goals of the project

10

My goals of the project

12

Process My design process in general

16

My design process during the project

18

Concept development

20

Result Project vision

24

Proposal products

28

Final concept

30

Conclusion Main conclusions

46

Recommendations

47

Reflection

48

Introduction

General description of the project What was the challenge?

What is ‘Design Innovation Space’?

The task was to design physical object for the ‘Open Innovation Space’ which facilitates the events that are going on there. The space is for events like workshops, exhibitions, meetings, lectures, presentations, etc. The interaction between users and the space and user-user should be taken into account. How can we facilitate co-creation? In our project the keyword were also cocreation (customers and firms working together and share their capabilities to create new value) and open innovation (innovating with partners trough sharing internal ideas and use external ideas too).

Capital D has moved to the Strijp-S and now they rent a new multifunctional space there, and a part of this space called ‘Open Innovation Space’. This is a multipurpose space where the Capital-D organizes events.

They organize programs which are connecting to design especially design in this region. Most of the events are workshops, exhibitions, lectures.

Who is the client?

Our client is the Capital D Design Cooperation Brainport which is a design-oriented cooperation and a platform for designers, companies, organizations and research institutes in the region Brainport Eindhoven.

Capital D would like to facilitate the open innovation processes in the space and make a new platform for knowledge exchange and networking.

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Goals of the project General goals

We discussed together with the students and coaches from the ‘Open Innovation Space’ project what the general goals are. We decided that the client (Capital D) expects ideas, concepts and physical objects which can be placed in the space, or connecting to the space.

They need a solution which facilitates design innovation, contributes to collaboration and represents the identity and vision of Capital D. The space is now empty. There are just a few pieces of furniture and the people from Capital D make the set-up just before the events. They do not use all the opportunities of that huge space; the use of the space is still immature and not clear. Our goal is to design objects or make concept and business models or other solutions that make the space more suitable for the events that are going on there.

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At the beginning of the project we worked as a team together, we did brainstorms, organized meetings with the clients and discussed together what our and their visions about the project were. We learned from each other (students-coaches-clients) during the semester.

We had the opportunity to experience how the other participants of the project are thinking and how we can work together, share our ideas and how we can help each other.This was like a big cooperation with students, clients, and coaches.

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My goals with the project

At the beginning of the semester I chose this project because I thought that I would participate in a project which helps me to understand how a community space works and how I can design a product/system for interactive social activities. I wanted to learn about the connection between users the space and the objects in space.

After we investigated the space and the behaviour of the users in the space we have made our own goals. I have summarized my experiences and I have made a list of my goals.

Goals based on my personal development

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-experience with designing for social activities

-experience with designing for design communities

-improve user focus perspective

Goals based on the project from my perspective

-create a concept based on the flexibility of the space

-create a system which can be used also as an inspiration source

-represent the identity of Capital D

-facilitate creation in the space

-make the space suitable for different events with an attractive solution

-user-friendly and easy to use solution

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Process

My design process Here at the TU/e I learned a new thinking method, a new aspect of the design process and also a new method of designing and generating information/ideas. In my past 3 years I have studied in a classic educational system.

Consequently my design process includes elements from both design thinking methods. I think that during one semester I did not get used to it completely so the result it that I have mixed the two different process. My design process is also represent how I think.

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Basically now my process contains elements from the linear design process (what I have learned in my classic education system so far) and from the reflective transformative design process (what I started to experience in this semester) too.

During the semester I made a project diary to keep track of the changes in my method, design approach and to see at the end what the different steps in the process were.

Overview in time week 1-3 observation, investigation, exploration, interpretation of the design challenge, experiments

week 3-5 formulated goals, decide what to focus on, making project vision

week 5-7 developing the project vision, beginning of idea creation, preparing to the midterm exhibition

week 7-12 idea generating, looking for shapes, work on concept, get feedbacks, reflect on midterm exhibition

week 12-16 decide the final concept, the right structure of it, making lo-fi prototypes

week 16-18 final concept and product, build prototype, test, designing smart system and service

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Design process during the project design driven by the vision

insights

Observation

Idea generating

investigation, understand the design challenge, start to experience

making general ideas, chose my direction in the design challenge

conclusion continue experiments

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my project vision

Focusing on concept project vision, continue idea generating, focusing on the concept, new idea generating methods

reect, summarize ideas so far

experiences, personal development

Final concept

Reflection

final product, design the final structure, prototype making, the background of it (business model, etc.) clear project vision

reflect my own work so far, what have I learned from it, summarize reflections, finish the report and the prototype

reflect, select the right direction

reflect, document the work so far

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Concept development focusing on exibility

The general concept was started with the exibility.That was the core of it, because the product should emphasizes the possibilities in the space, that the huge space is suitable for various activities but the users do not really use it as efďŹ cient presently as they could.

1

modular furnitures

How can we use the space? What kind of activities and events are there now?Through explorations the conclusion was that the spaces needs a system which is simple and offers wide range of use.

Modular product system. Focusing on modular furniture can be a rigth way because it is simple and can be varied in many ways. It also offers a interesting way of use.

2

playfulness and motivation

Motivation. How can we motivate the peoples to use their creative mind? If the products show that the user can change it then it will change it. They use the space for creative work, so they are opened to change the environment in a creative way too.The solution can be the playfulness because it motivates the peoples for interaction. If the furniture gives enough opportunity to use and also creative solutions than it will became more interesting. A furniture which is not so directly a table or a chair, which can be anything what the user want.

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3

functionality

4

If it will be a huge playful building game than it will not show that function what it should be. If the function is in the center of the concept than it will be a well usable product. And that it the point by designing a product.The rigth construction should be based on the function. A furniture which do not want to be more than it is. Honest forms which refer to functions. It has to communicate clearly it’s functions through form.This concept is based on the “Form Follows Function” principle.

focusing on vision and design approach

5

Find the right visual language to express the function and the speciality of the product is an important step. The final form should also represent clear and simple visual taste which is not disturbing it’s environment. And the furniture should fit in the industrial environment too. So the keywords by designing the final shape are the following: simplicity, functionality, pureness, industrial look. It should also represent my own design approach.

service and smart system

6

After the final construction the next step was to paste the concept into real life. Designing the service behind it, the business model and the smart system. These parts will complete the concept and give backround. The contextual manual - which is a smart user manual - and the business model helped to complete it. At this moment the goal was to think it further and make the concept deeper and more professional.

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Result

Project vision During the project I focused on flexibility and I have made a modular furniture system which is suitable for different constructions and which emphasizes the multifunction side of the space, because the furniture includes plenty of functions itself. I decided to focus on the construction of the furniture because the core of my concept is in that. I wanted to make a simple and easy to use product system which surprises the user with the wide range of variations.

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The most important aspect during designing was to design something which really fitted for the space, which is really missing there. In this concept I saw a lot of opportunities and I think that this shows my attitude in designing and it shows also the process that I have carried out in this semester. I wanted to make a pure and clear system which is obvious how to use and not ostentatious or disturbing.

I have made a list of keywords what I wanted to focus on:

Flexibility convert the space to the most suitable construction to facilitate the efďŹ cient work there.

Interaction if someone changes the furniture/the construction the space the interaction between the space and the user are established. If the users make a new set up together than they also interact with each other.

Creation

Identity

the concept based on create something together. To build up a set up which is useful for users. Creation generating ideas and that is the main goal for the users from that space.

the client expects from us to make an open-ended solution. And this is a tangible open-ended system which can ďŹ t in the Capital D design-centred attitude and it can also show the design vision and identity of the Capital D with the appearance and the concept behind it.

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With the flexible furniture system I wanted to implement the following functions and object:

Table at and strong surface, support for personal accessories, usable for meetings, lectures and as a storage too.

Seating seats which are matching with the tables, easy to move them

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Function board

Shelf storage personal objects, or object and artworks by an exhibition, suitable for different heights

For exhibition big clear surfaces on what the users can hang the 2D artworks, and panels, and stand for multiple use

Whiteboard big writeable surfaces, suitable for markers, or elements which are support the whiteboard accessories

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Proposal products, sketches

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I begin my ideagenerating process with sketches, they help to get closer my ideas.

Then I became more conscious and I started focusing on my project vision. My final product I also started with sketching but I focused on the function rather then shapes before that. I think it helped me, because during I drawing I got new ideas.

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Final concept and product My final product is a flexible furniture system which is built from modular elements. The system contains flat surfaces and legs.There are four different sizes of surfaces and legs. The elements are suitable for endless variations and the user can build up his or her own furniture.There is also a catalogue of templates where the user (in this case the members of the Capital D and the participants of their events) can choose a configuration and build it up quickly.The elements and the structure is really simple and easy to understand.

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This is also the point of the furniture: stay clear and obvious. Without obviousness it can became complicate to use so I decided to choose this simple structure.

The speciality in this furniture system is that the user can experience itself how is to create a new set up, and how many possibilities the furniture offers. If the user starts to build up a simple object for instance a seat he or she already interacts with the product and already experiences the point of the it.

I decided to choose an industrial look. There is more than one reason for it. The first reason is that I want the furniture to fit in the space, and the space has got an industrial look. And not just the space than also the environment and the entire district (Strijp-S) has got this kind of appearance. I wanted to make this industrial effect milder but I did not want to leave it out. The other reason is related to my design vision. I believe in the pure and clear design and the functionality. I wanted to make it so simple and so unobtrusive and minimal as it possible. I prefer that kind of design which is not wanting to be more than it is really. And this kind of shapes and colours are my style. Besides of the industrial and functional look I wanted to achieve some playfulness too, because the playfulness can motivate the people to use it and create something from it so I chose these cheerful but not ostentatious colours.

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different orientation different function

experience new structures

the elements can be used alone too

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Usage 1. Select the legs and surfaces for the furniture!

2. Slide the legs to the surfaces! (more options/direction is possible) 3. Experience it, combine them and create a unique furniture system!

Select!

Create!

Slide!

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Physical parameters Leg size 1:

Leg size 2:

Leg size 3:

Leg size 4:

150x110x470mm

470x110x470mm

1180x110x470mm

770x110x770mm

Surface 1:

Surface 2:

Surface 3:

Surface 4:

50x50x40mm

50x1000x40mm

50x1500x40mm

90x1500x40mm

Material for legs: aluminium (square hollow sections 20x20x2mm) Material for surfaces: plastic with writeable layer 34 - Final report - Renata Jakab s129118

About the design Functionality

The most important aspect was to create a product which is perfectly usable as a furniture. Because the core of design is to fulfil the function.This property is related with my design vision and with my approach to design.

Industrial look

The environment (Strijp-S) and the appearance of the Open Innovation Space are also industrial and this furniture is matching with this style. But in the same way it is playful and friendly because of the colors.

Playful pastel colors

This furniture want to facilitate the creation and I decided to choose for it playful colors. But I did not want to choose ostentatious colors because those can effect on the furniture and on the visual harmony when there is an exhibition for instance.

Pureness

The pureness was important because the Design Innovation Space is a workspace actually and it is important not to disturb the users who are working with some really colourful and striking objects. The pureness is also a big part of my design vision. And the style of it representing also a way of modern and pure design.

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Business model The Business Model Canvas

Designed for:

Capital D /flexible furniture concept/

Designed by:

Renata Jakab

Customer Relationships

Key Activities

Value Propositions

Who are our Key Partners?

Who are our key suppliers?

Which Key Resources are we acquiring from partners?

Which Key Activities do partners perform?

What Key Activities do our Value Propositions require?

Our Distribution Channels?

Customer Relationships?

Revenue streams?

motivations for partnerships: Optimization and economy Reduction of risk and uncertainty Acquisition of particular resources and activities

categories Production Problem Solving Platform/Network

What value do we deliver to the customer?

What type of relationship does each of our Customer Which one of our customer’s problems are we helping to solve?

Segments expect us to establish and maintain with them?

What bundles of products and services are we offering to each Customer Which Segment? ones have we established?

Which customer needs are we satisfying?

How are they integrated with the rest of our business model? characteristics How costly are they?

Newness

event management, ensure platforom for designers and companies, organizing design-centered events fill space 100% of time

reliable, affordable creative

resellers

examples Personal assistance Dedicated Personal Assistance Self-Service Automated Services Communities Co-creation

Performance Customization “Getting the Job Done” Design Brand/Status Price Cost Reduction Risk Reduction Accessibility Convenience/Usability

unique, inspirational and customizable workspace,

Key Resources

auction sites

Customer Segments For whom are we creating value?

Who are our most important customers?

Mass Market Niche Market Segmented Multi-sided Platform

1. members of Capital D willing able to pay for ready to use set up

co-creation

2. who are not willing to pay for the set up, and have got time to make their own

Two main opportunity

affordable room with creative furnitures - if the customer has time

Channels Through which Channels do our Customer Segments want to be reached?

How are we reaching them now?

How are our Channels integrated?

Which ones work best?

Which ones are most cost-efficient?

How are we integrating them with customer routines?

What Key Resources do our Value Propositions require?

Our Distribution Channels? Customer Relationships?

Revenue Streams? types of resources Physical Intellectual (brand patents, copyrights, data) Human Financial

well working design network, event management experts, workspace, flexible furniture, invoicing structure

channel phases: 1. Awareness How do we raise awareness about our company’s products and services?

2. Evaluation How do we help customers evaluate our organization’s Value Proposition?

3. Purchase 4. Delivery How do we deliver a Value Proposition to customers?

5. After sales How do we provide post-purchase customer support?

own site of Capital D use the network of Capital D

resellers auction sites Cost Structure

Revenue Streams

What are the most important costs inherent in our business model?

Which Key Resources are most expensive?

Which Key Activities are most expensive?

For what value are our customers really willing to pay?

For what do they currently pay?

How are they currently paying?

How would they prefer to pay?

How much does each Revenue Stream contribute to o dynamic pricing types: verall revenues?

List Price Negotiation( bargaining) Asset sale

is your business more: Cost Driven (leanest cost structure, low price value proposition, maximum automation, ex Value Driven ( focused on value creation, premium value proposition) tensive outsourcing) sample characteristics: Fixed Costs (salaries, rents, utilities) Variable costs Economies of scale Economies of scope

for human resource (salary for the employees) flexible furniture (investment, one-off expense), cost for the set-up (pay for designers, students or artist) damage on the furniture

Usage fee Subscription Fees Lending/Renting/Leasing Licensing Brokerage fees Advertising

Product feature dependent Customer segment dependent Volume dependent

Yield Management Real-time-Market

case one /the customer willing to pay for the set up individual environment for work work of students and designers pay fee on the top of space rent for fixing the furniture

case two/the cutromer not willing to pay space rent, fixing the furniture

www.businessmodelgeneration.com

I have tried also for the first time how to work with the business model canvas.

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Month

No.

Two big group:

“Getting the Job Done” - for €

for example in Amsterdam

Day

Iteration:

Key Partners

design students, artist, designers

On:

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Year

To make the concept more suitable and realistic it has got a special business and service model. It is also describes the whole usage (not just the physical) of the concept. This business model is based on the main goal of the concept: a multi-purpose flexible furniture.

1 2 3

It is a model which allows the tenant of the space (for example a design company) to choose from two opportunities. Either they have got time or they have got money for the set up.

The design company (tenant) makes contact with the Capital D to rent the space for a special event.

Captial D oers them two opportunities and indicates that they can make their own set up for the event or they can also order a special and unique set up from designers, artists or students.

The company decides which is better for them.

a, b,

time: If they have got time they build up their own set up for their event. For

example a company makes in the space a four hours long workshops in the space for 15 persons. Then they build enough table and chair and they can change it during their events if they want to. money: the customer tell the purpose of the event, the date and the

expected number of participants. This is the “Get the Job Down� choice.

1,

Capital D organizes the designers or students to make the set-up. And Capital D pays them to do it.

2,

The customer uses the space and rates it; tell the experiences to Capital D.

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members of the Capital D who want to rent the Design Innovation Space

Capital D the company tells to the Capital D the type of the event, the date and the number of participants

participants will create the special workspace during their event

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Open Innovation Design Innovation Space design students, artists or designers make the right set up for the event

the participants use the unique workspace during the event

the participants build up their own creative workspace during the event, and change it if it is necessary

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Contextual manual The user manual in general is in a neutral context, neutral environment. It shows just the object and not the space where it is used. It is because so many environment/ space/room conceivable. But what if we would like to use the product just in one certain environment? This is the Design Innovation Space. The concept is designed especially for this space, so the manual is used just here and in this case it is suitable for a manual which is usable just right there in the Design Innovation Space.

The users can use this smart manual system if they have to create their own workspace. The system contains a projector, cameras and one iPad in the space.

It is based on devices, some sensor in the furnitures and an iPad application. The user can experience the previous workspace through a 2 dimensional projected illustration on the floor. After the user choses the right set up it can build it up quickly and it can also used as an inspiration source for the right set up.

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The steps are the following:

1. The user opens the database on an iPad in the

space.

2. Choose one set-up from the database.

3. The projector turns on and project the setup into the floor.

4. The user can experience it the space through the 2 dimensional picture on the floor 5. Select the set up and build up their own workspace (the numbers help them for the right sequence).

6. After finishing the workspace the projector turns off.

7. If the users change the space they capture it with the cameras in the space.

8. The camera captures the set up and measures the distance due to the sensors in the elements which give a sign.

9. The application makes a 2 dimensional picture of the set up with the numbers.

10. The new set up is in the database.

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Prototype

Making small models

Making final prototype 42 - Final report - Renata Jakab s129118

Final prototype Final report - Renata Jakab s129118 - 43

Conclusion

Main conclusions By designing for social activities or for communities the behaviour of the team/community is one of the most important criteria. And the experiments – especially the experiments with more than one person at the same time – can help to understand it.

And if the design challenge is also related to team processes or special social interactions like open innovation or co-creation the deeper knowledge is also required. And these keywords sound really abstract so the concept which facilitates them should be also filled with serious content.

To make a concept which is consistent with the clients vision and with the designers vision is quite hard but it became easier if the participants of the project (in this case client, coaches and students) working and discover opportunities together. The right concept is based on understanding and ambitious intention to change.

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Designing a well usable and detailed product system needs more time and also more user test and calculation. If the concept is tangible than it should represent well the design approach too even if the concept is still not a final concept with every detail.

Recommendations In this concept are still questions which require more time. If it would be more time I would pay attention on the small details too. Concerning to the physical product and the service behind it.

Since this is a project about open innovation it would be also really useful if the participants can experience that process between each other and they would be conscious about the importance.

There was not enough time to finish every concept so it would be useful if the participants have an earlier deadline just to choose the right direction (like focusing on co-creation, or flexibility, etc.) and be conscious what is their own way in the project.

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Reflection Working here

Design process

There were plenty of new things when I came here to study.This was the first time for me that I worked with clients and I understood that this is not just about how to satisfy their vision and wishes but rather how to work together and bring the visions and ideas closer.

I think that the educational system at the TU/e and my university in Budapest also affected me a lot. So the result seems a bit mixed related to my design process too, but without this mixed state I cannot step forward.

This is my first project so far where I have made my own process and where I worked individually.We were in groups but I made my concept individually.

In my opinion this was also a step forward for me.

This new system seemed messy for me at the beginning. It was a little bit out of control but after a while I got used to it and started to see how I can work if I have got so much freedom. It is really strange for me because I came from an university which is stricter. Now I think that the best solution for me would be in between the two educational systems.

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The most significant thing that I have learned here is related to my design process. I think I am now more conscious about my vision, my design process and about the way what I prefer in design. These visions and attitudes were always in me but I did not use them so conscious and they were rather insights and inner thoughts.

But if I have to summarize it I think maybe I did not follow the expected way (from some aspects) by learning but what I have learned is going to be an important point in my design approach. And the reason why I did not follow the expected way is because I wanted to do it on my way. And now I can decide which my way is and I can better construct my design process.

Prototype I think I started to build my prototype late because my concept was not so clear and I was not brave enough to start to build prototypes without a clear concept. I have to pay more attention on the prototype next time because it represent my work at first sight too especially in the final exhibition.

And If I would start it earlier then I could get more feedback on my temporary prototype. In a complex setting it produces more formal infrormation ans I can get input also for my desired direction.

Technology

Design approach I have changed my design approach and that was one of my goals at the beginning of the semester, because I wanted to achieve some changes when I am studying in a reasonably different education system and environment. Even though I did not take the all advantages of this educational system I think that I learned in this semester a lot.

Courage is a keyword in my design perspective I did not realize before that this is so important. Also in the first steps. Now I know that without courage and openness I cannot make steps efficiently. If I have an idea I have to experience it immediately, communicate about it and I do not have to be shy.

I would do some things differently if I can start my exchanges semester here. I would pay more attention to the electronic experiences like Arduino.

And I would use it more and I would try to use that skill in my final concept too. I was not so brave to use that, and that might have been a mistake.

I was always shy so far, and it follows that I was afraid of sharing ideas because I thought they were wrong. Here I learned that if I am shy and I cannot get over it then it will be at the same point and there would not be any changes.

I started to think about the smart system really late and it is seems now a bit unclear. But that was even a step forward because I have never had to design an intelligent system. I still do not feel that it is my way but at least now I am brave enough to jump in it.

I think the reason why I chose this project and what I expected of it was not actually the same as the result. I mean this in a good sense because I learned what I expected from it and I learned a lot about the business model, about the concept backgrounds, about co-creation and also a lot about me. So I can honestly say that it was a useful project for me.

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Reflection

Project

The other really important skill for me was to learn how to reflect on my own work. I have not used this method before to validate my work. So this was the first time for me when I had to reflect on my own work. At the beginning I thought it is going to be easy but after that I became confused. And now I can make my reflections consciously.

My concept shows my design vision too and this is the first time when I had opportunity to integrate into a project my vision and approach. I have made a concept which is not focusing so much on the intelligent systems but I this is my first individual and unified concept. And I tried to put in it much effort to make it a real and complete concept.

The theoretical background of the reflection is also different then at my university.We used the reflection as an additional part and we never focused on it so much.I read the article from Hummels and Frens about the reflective transformative design process at the begining of the semester but I thought that it makes me confused how to validate my work. But during the semester I realized that I always reflect to myself it just was not conscious.

Actually this is the first time when I still feel after finishing the report that I would like to speak about the project and I would like to experience more and make deeper the theoretical and also technical background of it

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References ID project long descriptions 2011-2012 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Q3-Q4 Out of control [online]. <http://w3.id.tue.nl/fileadmin/id/ Education_Documentation/Project_descriptions/1112S2-Out_of_Control-Longs.pdf> Doorly, S.; Witthof, S. Make Space: How to Set the Stage for Creative Collaboration . New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., ISBN 978-1-118-14372 Hummels, C.; Vinke, D. Eindhoven designs volume two.

Eindhoven University of Technology, 2009. ISBN 978-90386-1966-8 Hummels, C.; and Frens, J. Designing for the unknown: a design process for the future generation of highly interactive systems and products. 2008 Paton, B.; Doorst, K. Briefing and reframing: A situated practice. University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Design, Architecture and Building, Sydney, 2007

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