Sample Portfolio Uswatta Liyanage Issuru Vimukthi Perera

P O R T F O L I O Uswatta Issuru Project: Continuous Monument ARCHIVING MEMORY Nowadays, the way we archive the information of buildings is through papers where sometimes the buildings are listed for their architectural and historical value.

A listing document is produced at the time the listing is made and is very rarely updated so our record of a historic building is stagnant. We suspend time by keeping these records.

However, when these buildings for natural disasters, political problems or other reasons they get destroyed what we have left is just a paper with the information collected about the building till that moment; and often this informations is not even available to the public.

This way of archiving kills the memory of the building, not showing to the future generation how was the building in a certain period of time and how it changed during the time till the present.

My project seeks to question this dichotomy and think about how we can start to archive the memory and evolution of these buildings. I would also talk about the fact that it is also not possible to archive everything and that where my project is purposefully pushing our need to collect information to the extreme as a mean of critiquing the method by which we collect information at this moment in time.

My approach to archive information was to collect all the information of buildings and their evolution during the time and to engrave or chisel the information to concrete walls where people can walk in like in a maze and find information of the city they are visiting.

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Exploded building details.

The drawing shows a study of Load Street elevation with its architectural details exploded and arranged in different groups (windows, roofs, entrance and etc..). Furthermore, it shows that buildings even though they are next to each other they have different architectural styles.

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mid C17

early C18

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early C19

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slate roof

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Perspective section

Scale 1:100

Idea developments.

Site Plan

Scale 1:1000

Walls as rooms

Scale 1:50

Years, months and days.

Archiving walls are built according a grid based on time.

This drawing shows different grids exploration. The main purpose was to divide the wall according to years, months and days.

The final grid is the most functional. The grid represents the result of the overlap of three schemes: years, months and days.

Archiving walls are built on the year scheme. The months and days schemes are positioned perpendicularly to the years dividing the wall into different portions.

The grid gives an exact date to each portion of the wall, allowing people to understand when that information has been archived.

Local materials used to built the archiving walls

Visual year 2019

Visual showing workers getting ready to build the formwork for the 2019 archiving wall. Surrounding buildings are in preparation to be transformed in concrete blocks which will become part of the archiving.

Formwork model picture

Formwork model picture

Close up view of wales

Side view with rebars

Top view

Technical section Section showing how the walls are built in pairs to allow more stability

Handmade model

• It is important to remember that all formwork is designed to a maximum allowable pressure rating.

• This rating cannot be achieved if the forms are not assemebled correctly. For example, if one tie or bolt is not installed or is not istalled in correctly a form which is designed to resist 1,200 lbs per ft2 of pressure ; may only be able to resist 600 ft2 or less Board

Distance between studs: 300mm Distance between studs: 300mm Distance beween wales: 300mm Distance between wales: 300mm

Ties

Studs

20mm rebars Studs

Brace to solid Construction

Wales 75 x 100mm wales 75 x 100mm Timber sheeting Concrete

Studs

Timber sheeting

Double Wales

Concrete

Granite setts 100x100x100mm Granite setts 100x100x100mm Side Plate

Side Plate

Plate

150mm concrete layerconcrete layer 150mm 35 mmpre-batched pre-batched mortar mortar bedding 35mm 220mm crushed stone 220 crushed stone 200mm sub-base 200mm sub-base Ground

Ground

• It is important to remember that Concreteis designed for a maxall formwork imum allowable pressure rating.

•This rating cannot be achieved if the forms are not assembled correctly.

Distance beween rebars: 300mm Distance between rebars: 300mm 20mm rebars

• When concrete is poured into a form, liquid c bucket. The deeper the liquid concrete in a w

Plate

•For example, if one tie or bolt is not installed or is not installed incorrectly a form that is designed to resist 1200 lbs per ft² of pressure; may only be able to resist 600 ft² or less.

•The pressure that a concrete exerts on the form is entirely dependent on the height of liquid concrete because concrete contains sand, gravel, cement, and water; It is denser and heavier than water.

•There is almost often the In fact, is 2½misconception time as heavy.the wider the However, the truth is the pressure that a conc dependent the height of liquid •The liquid on pressure at the top concrete, b cement and water it is and denser and hea ofgravel, the wet concrete is zero as heavy.

Therefore, the amount the pressure at the bottom ofof pressure th is 2 wet ½ times heavieristhan if you were to place the concrete maximum •The formwork is designed and rated for the allowable height of wet concrete. The height of wet 1m concrete multiplied by the density of concrete determines the maximum allowable pour pressure.

1m

Density of concrete = 2400 kg/

View from 9000mm high room Concrete and formwork study

• Liquid concrete into a form acts identically to water in a bucket.

The deeper the liquid concrete in a wall, the higher the pressure.

Liquid head pressure = Height of liquid head X Density of concrete

• The form has been deisgned for 2400mm of liquid concrete multiplied by 2400 kg/m3

• Concrete hardens inside the form and becomes a solid.

kg/m2 or kPa Concrete

Water

Wall height Liquid concrete placed above 0

Allowable liquid head

2400 mm

Maximum

Allowable liquid head

Hardened concrete

Archiving wall and exposed aggregates

not to scale

The inspiration to have exposed concrete aggregates comes from an artist I found on Instagram. She is Katja Schenker and her technique is really fascinating.

She makes concrete models with exposed materials such as timber, glass, bricks.

My main purpose was not only to show engraved information of a certain building but also of its construction materials which will be used as aggregates. This allows visitors to have a real feeling of the material of the building that no longer exists.

The drawings represent some examples of archiving walls with exposed aggregates that represent a physical part of a building. The top drawing shows where the aggregates have been taken. The aggregates become an essential element of the archiving wall.

View between walls

Technique used to engrave information to the walls.

Existing buildings becomes part of the archiving through Rachel Whiteread ‘s Techniques and my personal interpretation of this technique.

Rachel Whiteread process

Personal interpretation process

Rachel Whiteread technique personal interpretation

In this process the concrete is poured in a box outside the building, taking all the details of the facada.

This process allows people to see the facada from inside a room.

Existing Building as part of the Archiving Walls

Rachel Whiteread technique

Front view

Personal Interpretation

Perspective view

Entrance view

Back view

Wall elevation witth aggregates

Minimum spacing between bars to allow aggregates to be exposed

32 mm

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32 mm Φ2

Φ2

32 mm

16 mm

16 mm Φ2

Φ2 37 mm

37 mm

32 mm

37 32 mm mm

Φ2

Φ2 Φ1

32 mm

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Φ1

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37 mm

21 mm

21 mm

16 mm

21 mm

21 mm

16 mm

Φ2

Φ2 Φ1

Φ1

37 mm

Φ2

16 mm

Φ2

16 mm

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21 mm

Scale 1:20

Scale 1:20

Scale 1:20

• The distance between reinforcement must allow thebe such to allow the • The distance between reinforcement bars must Study application ••The The distancedistance between reinforcement bars must be such tobars allow the be such to •• The minimum spacing between two reinforcement should be at bars should be at Study application Study application Study between reinforcement bars application The minimum spacing between reinforcement • The minimum spacing two reinforcement • The minimum spacing between two reinforcement bars should bebetween at twobars largest expected concrete size gravel to pass between them.

• Rebars size are 20mm (T20). largest expected concrete size gravel to pass between them.

• Rebars size are largest be expected size gravel pass between them.

• Rebars size are 20mm (T20). least equal to aggregate thebe maximum coarse aggregate dimension plus a margin least equal to the dimension plus a margin least equal to the maximum coarse plusmaximum a margin must suchconcrete to allow theto largest expectRebars size are 20mm 20mm(T20).

(T20). Rebars follow the rule of : 90°≤ α bars should at dimension least equal tocoarse theaggregate maximum • In order to havereinforcement, properly anchored reinforcement, it is mandatory Rebars the rule of :follow 90°≤α<150°.

• In order toithave properly anchored reinforcement, it is mandatory of 5 mm.

• Rebars the rule of : 90°≤α<150°.

• In order to have properly anchored is mandatory • Rebars follow the•rule of : follow 90°≤α<150°. of 5 mm. of 5 mm. ed concrete size gravel tosurrounded pass between them. by concrete. <150°. coarse aggregate dimension plus a grains margin of 532mm. expected concrete for rebars be bytoconcrete.

• The distance between reinforcement bars allow the largest for rebars be surrounded expected concrete size • The distance between reinforcement bars allow the largestsize expected concrete size for rebars to be surrounded by to concrete.

• The distance between reinforcement bars allow the largest • The grains maximum aggregate grainsconcrete, dimension formm usual concrete, mm concrete, is 32 mm • The maximum aggregate dimensionis for usual • The maximum aggregate dimension for usual is 32 • In order to have properly anchored reinforcement, it is •The distance between • The maximum aggregate grains dimension gravel to pass between them. gravel to pass between them. reinforcement bars allow the larggravel to pass between them. andconcrete for self-compacting is 16 mm. and concrete for self-compacting concrete for is 16usual mm. conand for self-compacting is 16 mm.

mandatory

for rebars to be surrounded by concrete.

crete, is 32 mm and for self-compacting concrete is 16 mm.

est expected concrete size gravel to pass between them.

Walls of history

1 Concrete 2 20 mm diameter rebars 3 Studs 4 Wales 5 Sheating 6 Side plate 7 Jahn cornerlock 8 Screws 9 Thrust plate 10 Plastic cones 11 Ties 12 Granite setts 13 Resin jointing mortar 14 35mm bedding, pre-batched mortar 15 150mm concrete layer 16 220mm crashed stone 17 200mm sub-base 18 Distrubutor rebars 19 Bottom main rebars

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Brick aggregates from High Street, Bewdley.

Glass fragments from St Anne’s Church, Bewdley.

Gravel from 65 and 66 High Street, Bewdley.

Large crushed stone from 25 Load Street, Bewdley.

Recycled concrete aggregates from 16 Load Street, Bewdley.

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Jahn corner lock

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Coil tie

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Formwork assembly

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Rebar foundation

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Sun study and shadows

Scale 1:100

Not in scale

Free hand sketches

Initial technical considerations for the archiving walls.

Wind may cause problem with walls.

Wind consideration

First solution: Build some walls perpendicularly to the archiving wall to gain stability.

Second solution: Break the continuity of the walls.

These solutions have not been considered since the aim was to keep the continuity of the walls.

Third option: Walls structures are made pairs allowing so more stability.

Initial ideas in section

Thank you.

Email: uswattaissuru@gmail.com Phone: +44 7466980512