Irrigation Australia Journal Spring 2025

O F F I C I A L

Q U A R T E R L Y

J O U R N A L

O F

I R R I G A T I O N

A U S T R A L I A

AUST R ALIA SPRING 2025 • VOLUME 41 NO 03

ON THE COVER:

Waterwise Efficiency Awards and Expo

Groundwater Q&A: Expert insights IN THIS ISSUE Murray Darling Basin Authority 2025 Audit: What's in it for irrigators?

Irrigation in Water Sensitive Cities Stormwater: From paddock to pavement

Recycled water: Key to the supply mix

Contents F E AT U R E S AWARDS

6

2025 Water Efficiency Awards

7

GROUNDWATER

11

Beneath the surface: Insights into Australia’s groundwater balancing act

12

WATER RECYCLING

21

Recycled water: A core component of Australia's water future

22

OTHER STORIES From paddock to pavement: Shared challenges and solutions for irrigation and stormwater

39 O F F I C I

REGULAR REPORTS

A L

Q U A R T E

R L Y

J O U R N A

L

O F

AUSTR A

Joint message from the Chair and CEO

4

Regional Roundup

16

Careers & Training

28

The Big Issue

32

Urban

36

Rural

42

Contractors' Corner

44

Research

46

ICID Insights

47

State Roundup

48

The Water Conservancy

50

Mental Health

52

Bookshelf

53

SPRING 2025

• VOLUME 41

I R R I G A

T I O N

A U S T R A

L I A

LIA

NO 03

ON THE COVER:

Wate ise Efficiency Awrw ards and Expo

Groundwater Q&A: Expert insights

Recycled water: Key to our supply mix

IN THIS ISSUE MDBA 2025 Audit: Irrigation in Water What's in it for irrigators?

Stormwater: From Sensitive Cities paddock to pavem ent

ON THE COVER Discover the industry leaders taking water efficiency to new heights.

Read the full story on page 7 →

Building the Next Generation Irrigation Workforce

A New Way to Attract Talent This initiative reimagines how our industry connects with job seekers. By leveraging social media and smart recruitment technology, we are:

An Industry-Wide Call to Action This initiative is only as strong as the support behind it. We now invite all irrigation businesses and employers to stand behind the Talent Hub by:

Reaching young talent exploring apprenticeships and traineeships

Creating a free Employer Profile to be seen by job-ready applicants

Encouraging career switchers with transferable skills from construction, trades, and manufacturing

Listing your common job roles, from sales to installation to operations

Showcasing the diversity of roles and career growth available across irrigation

Offering opportunities, even entrylevel or shadowing experiences, to nurture fresh interest in the sector

Promoting training pathways and skill development alongside job opportunities We are actively bringing new people into the industry.

Visit Talent Hub

These small actions make a big difference— helping ensure our industry remains skilled, sustainable, and future-ready.

noitagirri/ua.moc.tnuhdaehoG

The irrigation industry is evolving, and with it, the workforce needed to power its future. To help meet this growing demand, Irrigation Australia and Goheadhunt have launched a dedicated Talent Hub designed to attract and guide new talent into meaningful careers in irrigation.

BUH TNELAT NOITAGIRRI

A National Talent Initiative by Irrigation Australia & Goheadhunt

JOINT MESSAGE

From the Chair&CEO

Welcome to the Spring Journal.

We are both fresh from a Waterwise Expo at the Vines Resort in Perth which provided a great opportunity to network with the WA region’s passionate members and stakeholders. It is difficult to sum up “the vibe” in these few paragraphs.

Alison Waters did an incredible job as Master of Ceremonies (and terrible jokes). The amazing Bec New, along with the rest of the Irrigation Australia support staff and our stable of presenters and industry volunteers made sure everything ran smoothly. Many thanks to everyone who pitched in to make the event a success. It’s pleasing to see that records were broken, cementing the future of this flagship event for WA. The exhibition and group rotation model is unique and universally praised. Our exhibitors and sponsors keep coming back and their generous support ensures that we can run the event at a low cost, ensuring strong attendance. The golf theme was a hit, along with several worthy industry awards presented through peer nomination.

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Work program. The program will commence soon and is supported by the Australian Department of Employment and Workplace Relations.

Now, it’s back to the core business of member services and our training and certification programs – over the next couple of months you will start to notice some changes to policies as we complete the roll-out to our new Learning Management System, continuing to build a thriving industry by empowering its people, through knowledge, innovation and sustainable practice. The all-new Certified Irrigation Designer examination process is ready to go from September, enabling us to boost numbers in this crucial skill set.

Our people are critical to the Association and there has been a bit of movement in the last couple of months. We farewell to retirement Paul Willmott, our very experienced contract trainer based in WA; we welcome Nat Cunningham to our admin team and say au revoir to Maddie Coward, our Communications Coordinator who has just started maternity leave.

We got to see the first of what we hope are more panel sessions, providing industry representatives with the chance to engage in open dialogue with the Department of Water and Environmental Regulation, and Water Corporation – covering mutual challenges and potential solutions. These discussions had a really positive tone. Issues were raised and problems acknowledged, but it only served to underscore the commitment that all parties have to advancing best practice in our industry. It’s clear that despite the challenges, WA and Perth have an approach to water conservation and sustainability that outpaces other states and cities.

Unfortunately for us our Editor, Gemma Nardone, has secured a full-time role on another publication.

We thank her for her incredible efforts in 2025. We are recruiting for her position now, and Gemma will assist us during the transition.

We were fortunate to also meet some of the Employment Service Providers and potential new industry recruits participating in the Launch Into

Simon Treptow, Chair Dave Cameron, CEO

SPRING 2025

Please review all our training offerings here, and don’t forget the new Talent Hub. Keep an eye out for opportunities coming up – including volunteer roles with our essential regional committees; there are a number of new projects in development and we’ll share news soon.

I R R I G AT I O N AU ST R A L I A J O U R N A L

THANK YOU TO OUR IRRIGATION FUTURES SPONSORS At Irrigation Australia, we are deeply committed to building a sustainable Australian irrigation industry through applied research, high-quality skills and careers development, and balanced policy advice.

We would like to extend our sincere appreciation to the following leading irrigation companies which sponsor our Irrigation Futures initiatives. Their invaluable support, which often includes financial contributions and the provision of modern equipment and facilities for our students, plays a vital role in shaping the future of our industry.

IRRIGATION FUTURES PLATINUM SPONSORS 2025 - 2026

IRRIGATION FUTURES GOLD SPONSORS 2025 - 2026

IRRIGATION FUTURES FOUNDATION SPONSORS

Irrigation Futures provides a model which builds real opportunities for engagement and offers a unique chance to shape a sustainable future for irrigation. If you’re interested in supporting our initiative, please reach out for more information.

CONTACT US IF YOU’RE INTERESTED:

training@irrigation.org.au

(07) 3517 4000

FEATURE SECTION

awards

2025 WATER EFFICIENCY AWARDS AFTER THE EXCITEMENT OF THE 2025 WATERWISE IRRIGATION EXPO, ATTENTION TURNED TO THOSE DRIVING EXCELLENCE IN WATER EFFICIENCY, INNOVATION, AND SERVICE ACROSS OUR INDUSTRY. NOMINATED BY THEIR PEERS, THESE INDIVIDUALS AND ORGANISATIONS ARE CELEBRATED AS SETTING NEW BENCHMARKS FOR A MORE SUSTAINABLE FUTURE:

WATER EFFICIENCY INDIVIDUAL AWARD

WATER EFFICIENCY SMALL BUSINESS AWARD

MLADEN THOMAS, CITY OF COCKBURN

PREMIER TURF CARE

Mladen Thomas was honoured for his exemplary groundwater management, maintaining usage at just 87 per cent of allocation during the 2023–24 irrigation season. His datadriven approach – incorporating hydrozoning, seasonal scheduling and sensor integration, set a benchmark for sustainable irrigation in local government – at a time when other metropolitan councils had exceeded their licences.

Under the leadership of Alex Hall, Premier Turf Care consistently delivered best-practice irrigation solutions. The company’s efforts to align every installation with Irrigation Australia’s standards and Waterwise Program principles demonstrate a strong commitment to environmental responsibility and industry excellence. Premier Turf Care’s practical approach combines smart systems, efficient design, and client-tailored solutions that make sustainable practices both accessible and effective.

I R R I G AT I O N AU ST R A L I A J O U R N A L

SPRING 2025

7

WATER EFFICIENCY LARGE BUSINESS AWARD

IRRIGATION INNOVATION AWARD

CITY OF GOSNELLS

AGROGLIDE

The City of Gosnells was recognised for its masterplan redevelopment of a 29-hectare sporting complex. The upgraded irrigation system will improve water distribution and quality through iron filtration, enable real-time injection and weather-based scheduling, and reduce maintenance costs. It also allows the City to compare groundwater consumption between old and new systems via meter readings, with the filter helping to minimise bore dosing and sprinkler blockages. As a Gold Waterwise Council, it is committed to community education and outreach.

Agroglide developed a cost-effective Two-Wire system for residential and semi-commercial use, enabling simplified irrigation and automation of garden functions – such as lighting, tank level monitoring, misting, and pool pump control. The NFC-enabled decoder and sensor suite offers real-time scheduling and user-friendly programming – addressing longstanding barriers to adoption.

DISTINGUISHED SERVICE AWARD

DISTINGUISHED SERVICE AWARD

DAVE FURLONG, COUNTRY WATER SOLUTIONS

PAUL WILLMOTT, IRRIGATION AUSTRALIA

Dave Furlong was recognised for over 26 years of service, mentoring trainees and supporting emerging businesses in Bunbury and South West WA. Over this time, he has grown a small lawnmowing round to employing 20 staff and a full Irrigation and pump retail store operating as Country Water Solutions. He is a founding participant in the Waterwise Program, and his contributions include business advice, sustained charitable works and mentoring. Dave is also an advocate for diversity and inclusion – with his first female trainee Irrigation Technician commencing her Cert III in March 2025.

Paul Willmott received the award upon his retirement, following an extensive career across manufacturing, distribution and training. As Irrigation Australia’s lead regional trainer, he was praised for his technical expertise, volunteerism and dedication to guiding the next generation of irrigation professionals. Trainee feedback includes:"Willmott is simply highly engaging and fosters an interactive learning environment". "My instructor was really excellent". "Paul is very knowledgeable and helpful with all questions"."Paul Willmott is a real one".

CERTIFICATE

OF DISTINGUISHED SERVICE

This certificate is proudly presented to

Dave Furlong In recognition of your unwavering support for the Association and significant contributions to the local industry.

13th August 2025

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David Cameron

Rebecca New

Chief Executive Officer, Irrigation Australia

Membership Manager, Irrigation Australia

SPRING 2025

I R R I G AT I O N AU ST R A L I A J O U R N A L

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IRRIGATION

AUSTRALIA JOURNAL

Advertising opportunities

Reach the heart of the irrigation industry The newly revamped Irrigation Australia Journal stands as the premier publication for professionals across both agricultural and urban irrigation sectors. Distributed digitally, it reaches over 8,000 readers, including industry managers and users, retail and wholesale professionals, consultants, designers, manufacturers, rural water service providers and more!

Download Media Kit

Engage with a dedicated readership deeply embedded in the irrigation industry. We offer a variety of advertising packages tailored to your goals, including multi-edition discounts. With one edition still to come in 2025, now is the perfect time to position your brand at the forefront of Australia’s irrigation sector!

Advertising enquiries: info@irrigation.org.au

FEATURE SECTION

groundwater

I R R I G AT I O N AU ST R A L I A J O U R N A L

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G R O U N D WAT E R F E AT U R E

BENEATH THE SURFACE: Insights into Australia’s groundwater balancing act

SNAPSHOT Australia's biggest groundwater management challenge is balancing groundwater uses for irrigation, other activities and the environment.

Managed aquifer recharge is being explored for irrigation, with potential as a water storage solution and effective drought buffer.

How much groundwater users are allowed to pump may depend on the level of the groundwater within the local area.

Understanding the impacts of climate change on groundwater resources in Australia is a huge challenge – now and in the next decades.

Images supplied by the National Centre for Groundwater Research and Training.

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I R R I G AT I O N AU ST R A L I A J O U R N A L

IN THIS Q&A, PROFESSOR PETER COOK, CO-DIRECTOR OF THE NATIONAL CENTRE FOR GROUNDWATER RESEARCH AND TRAINING, AND IRRIGATION AUSTRALIA CEO, DAVE CAMERON, DISCUSS AUSTRALIA’S GROUNDWATER FUTURE.

Irrigation Australia members support many different end uses from broad agriculture to horticulture and urban irrigation.

Groundwater is a precious resource to support these industries – what do you see as the biggest challenge across australia, impacting availability and water quality?

The biggest groundwater management challenge is balancing the need for productive use of groundwater for irrigation and other activities with the role that groundwater plays in maintaining the natural environment. Groundwater flows to rivers and streams, maintains flow during times of low rainfall, and groundwater also supports many lakes and wetlands. There

are numerous examples from around the world of lakes and rivers that have dried up due to over-extraction of groundwater.

Deep-rooted vegetation can also access groundwater to maintain transpiration during drought periods, and groundwater flows to the coastal zone can create important ecosystems that support marine life. The difficulty is knowing how much water can be allocated for productive use while still providing enough to maintain these important ecosystems.

Policy is increasingly favouring groundwater solutions over surface water, due to the big environmental impact of new dams, evapotranspiration and so on. Do

you believe that these new storage projects are being effectively planned and managed?

Groundwater has several advantages over surface water as a resource. One of these is storage. Rivers can dry up during drought, but groundwater continues to be available. This allows us to use more groundwater during droughts, provided that the environment is not seriously impacted and that we then allow the groundwater system to recover and refill. This requires careful planning. However, there is potential to take better advantage of the value of groundwater as a drought-buffer.

Managed aquifer recharge is the deliberate injection of water underground to store

G R O U N D WAT E R F E AT U R E

for later use. Over the past 30 years it is increasingly used in urban environments.

Where irrigation occurs close to urban areas, treated urban wastewater is sometimes stored underground and later extracted for distribution to irrigators for use. The potential to expand managed aquifer recharge for irrigation is currently being investigated.

Are changes in water allocation making a difference nationally?

States and Territories are starting to make some changes in how they are managing groundwater resources. Traditionally, our focus was on water volumes. Jurisdictions would try to estimate the average rate at which aquifers were replenished. Under natural conditions – before groundwater pumping – this volume of water would also flow out of the aquifers – into rivers, lakes, wetlands, and via springs, to be used by vegetation or discharged to the ocean. The thinking was that as long as we extracted less than this average rate of replenishment, then the system would be sustainable – the aquifers would not run dry, and the difference between the replenishment rate and how much we pumped out would still be available for the environment.

The problem with this is that we can’t just think of the aquifer as a bathtub – because the level of the groundwater will vary from place to place (unlike a bathtub). We need to make sure the groundwater is where it is needed. Even though we might only be pumping a small volume of water

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compared to the replenishment rate, if we are pumping from a bore very close to a spring, then we are likely to adversely impact that spring. Across an aquifer, we might be pumping only a relatively small volume of water compared to the aquifers replenishment rate, but if all the pumping is concentrated within a small area, then this can cause local problems.

need more water. In some areas, there is spare capacity in the aquifer to absorb an increase in irrigation demand, but in other areas there may not be. This will pose new challenges for groundwater management, and also for groundwater users and irrigators.

We are now combining volumetric management with management of groundwater levels. This means that how much water we allow groundwater users to pump may depend on the level of the groundwater within the local area.

By doing this, we hope to manage our groundwater use so that we can maintain groundwater levels, which will ensure access for both irrigators and stock and domestic groundwater users, and also protect the environment that may also rely on groundwater.

“We still don’t have a good understanding of how climate change will impact groundwater resources.

This is a huge challenge for the next decades.”

Are we adequately preparing for the real impacts of climate change?

We still don’t have a good understanding of how climate change will impact groundwater resources. This is a huge challenge for the next decades. We have done a lot of research to estimate how much aquifer recharge rates will change due to climate change. In most places, less water will be available. What we don’t know is how crop water needs will change.

Both reductions in rainfall and increases in temperatures will mean that crops will

About the National Centre for Groundwater Research and Training The National Centre for Groundwater Research and Training (NCGRT) is a collective of world-leading groundwater scientists and educators from partner universities, government and industry organisations. It is based at Flinders University in Adelaide, and its purpose is to advance our understanding of Australia’s groundwater resources and to train the next generation of groundwater researchers. Find more information about NCGRT here.

I R R I G AT I O N AU ST R A L I A J O U R N A L

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REGIONAL ROUNDUP

Regional Update WHAT’S GOING ON IN THE REGIONS BY REBECCA NEW, IRRIGATION AUSTRALIA’S NATIONAL MEMBERSHIP MANAGER.

WATERWISE IRRIGATION EXPO – 13 AUGUST We’re thrilled to share that the Waterwise Irrigation Expo 2025, held at Novotel The Vines Resort, was an outstanding success!

With over 260 attendees and 27 leading exhibitors, the expo brought together professionals, suppliers, contractors, and councils from across the irrigation and landscaping industry. The day was packed with opportunities to learn, connect, and collaborate – showcasing the latest innovations, best practices, and waterwise solutions.

The weather put on its best for us, creating the perfect backdrop for a vibrant and engaging event. From the lively trade show floor to the knowledge-rich presentations and panel discussions, energy levels stayed high all day. Many attendees have already told us this was “one of the best expos yet” – a true testament to the collective effort of everyone involved.

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I R R I G AT I O N AU ST R A L I A J O U R N A L

REGIONAL ROUNDUP

Testimonials “On behalf of Franklin Electric, Luke and I would like to thank Irrigation Australia for hosting such a well-run and engaging Waterwise Irrigation Expo. It was a fantastic opportunity to connect with industry peers, catch up with familiar faces, and meet potential new customers. We truly value the platform the event provides to showcase our products and solutions, and to contribute to conversations around sustainable and efficient water management.

We appreciate all the hard work that went into organising the day – especially by you Bec and look forward to supporting future events.”

STEPHEN JENNINGS, FRANKLIN ELECTRIC

Highlights from the day

• Engaging exhibits – 27 exhibitors showcased cutting-edge products and solutions, sparking valuable conversations and new partnerships.

• Networking and collaboration – A fantastic turnout of industry professionals created a space for sharing knowledge, building relationships, and strengthening connections across the sector.

• Positive feedback – Delegates and exhibitors alike praised the smooth organisation, friendly atmosphere, and real value delivered on the day.

Thank you A heartfelt thank you to everyone who attended, exhibited, presented, and supported the expo. Your enthusiasm, commitment, and engagement are what make this event so special. It’s your support that continues to drive the success of the Waterwise Irrigation Expo year after year.

“one of the best expos yet” – a true testament to the collective effort of everyone involved.

WATERWISE EFFICIENCY AWARD WINNERS Well done to the 2025 Water Efficiency Award Winners who have been recognised for outstanding contributions to sustainable irrigation across Western Australia. Nominated by their peers, you’ll find all the details on pages 6-8 of this issue of the Journal.

Congratulations to all!

“It was a great event that absolutely showcased the professionalism, energy, positivity and capability of the irrigation industry in WA….well done. It was a real credit to Irrigation Australia WA, [its] organisational skills and the industry as a whole.”

DAMIEN POSTMA, WATER CORPORATION

“Thank you Rebecca, You and your team ran a very successful event.

The day ran smoothly, and we had a great steady flow of people to talk to throughout the day.”

MARK ALFORD, RGD CORPORATION

We look forward to building on this momentum and welcoming you back for future events as we continue to champion waterwise practices across the industry.

I R R I G AT I O N AU ST R A L I A J O U R N A L

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REGIONAL ROUNDUP

STRALIA WESTERN AU

Advocacy

Food, Fibre, and Timber Industries Training Council: As noted in the previous edition, an industry-wide survey was conducted to gather feedback on a potential apprenticeship pathway. This process has now been finalised, the submission lodged, and we are awaiting advice on the next steps.

Department of Training and Workforce Development: The Launch into Work program is now underway, with a select group of members participating. Designed to address skills shortages, the program provides valuable support and opportunities for WA members.

Water Corporation: The 2025/26 Waterwise Irrigation Rebate Program has been finalised and opened 1 September. Eligible endorsed members of the Waterwise Garden Irrigator Program can participate.

QUEENSLAND

Advocacy

Micro-credential funding: Included in last quarter’s update, Irrigation Australia’s funding application for Irrigation Efficiency and Practical Skills training was successful! This course remains open and provides participants with essential foundational skills to confidently begin fieldwork or engage with customers under supervision. Places are filling – apply now to secure your spot!

VICTORIA

Advocacy

Irrigation Code of Practice: As mentioned in the last edition, national-level discussions continue, with the aim of progressing toward the establishment of an Australian Standard for the industry.

SOUTH AUST

RALIA

Advocacy

Skill shortage solutions initiative: An expression of interest has been lodged with the South Australian Government to support local employment through SA-specific short courses. If successful, it will create a strong collaborative opportunity for the region, focused on up to 20 new employees with irrigation installer qualifications.

Events

HAVE YOU SEEN OUR NEW

MEMBER & CERTIFICATION DIRECTORIES? irrigationaustralia.com.au/directory

See for yourself how easy it is to search!

South Australia Networking Event: Our first networking event for 2025, proudly sponsored by SAGE Automation and hosted by the City of Tea Tree Gully, was a great success – bringing industry professionals together to hear real-world insights on Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) innovations, share experiences, and connect over breakfast.

NEW SOUTH

WALES

Advocacy

WaterNSW and DCCEEW: Interactions are ongoing regarding metering issues.

NSW Fair Trading and ministerial engagement: As previously reported, correspondence has been initiated regarding major changes to licensing requirements in New South Wales and poor industry consultation. These include the addition of plumbing units to training requirements and revised criteria for assessing licence holder competency. While the department has agreed in principle to a broader meeting with key stakeholders, discussions are ongoing. No new updates at this stage.

For more information or to get in touch, contact Rebecca New, Membership Manager, at rebecca.new@irrigation.org.au

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I R R I G AT I O N AU ST R A L I A J O U R N A L

franklin-electric.com.au

MEMBERS ONLY PORTAL Gain access to the members only portal on the Irrigation Australia website. Through the portal you can manage your Irrigation Australia membership, register your staff/employees for training, and access members only documents, presentations, and other materials.

TRAINING DISCOUNTS

CERTIFICATION DISCOUNTS

Receive significant member discounts on nationally accredited irrigation training and qualifications delivered by Irrigation Australia in city and regional areas and virtually.

Receive significant member discounts on the joining fee and renewal fee to the Certification Program administered by Irrigation Australia.

ADVERTISEMENT DISCOUNTS ON IRRIGATION AUSTRALIA PUBLICATIONS Receive significant discounts on advertising in the The Irrigation Journal and The Overflow. These publications are distributed each quarter to all members and industry contacts.

ACCESS E-KNOWLEDGE Irrigation Australia's e-knowledge repository has significant resources of technical papers, conference papers, publications such as The Irrigation Journal and The Overflow, and FAQ's available only for members.

INVITATIONS TO REGIONAL EVENTS Irrigation Australia hosts a number of regional events and site visits across Australia. This is a great opportunity for members and industry colleagues to come together to network, and discuss new challenges and technologies.

CONFERENCE, TRADESHOW & EXPO DISCOUNTS Receive member discounts on attending and exhibiting at the Irrigation Australia International Conference & Exhibition, as well as regional Expos.

DISCOUNTS ON WATERWISE ENDORSEMENT (WA ONLY) Receive member discounts on the Waterwise endorsement programs, relevant for domestic irrigation contractors, installers, landscapers and retailers.

Benefit from Waterwise marketing and merchandise to promote yourself as a Waterwise Irrigation Professional to the community.

FREE LISTING ON IRRIGATION AUSTRALIA'S WEBSITE List your business on our Member Directory on the Irrigation Australia website (available to company memberships and certification holders only).

FEATURE SECTION

water recycling I R R I G AT I O N AU ST R A L I A J O U R N A L

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WAT E R R E CYC L I N G F E AT U R E

RECYCLED WATER: A core component of Australia's water future 

ARTICLE AND PHOTOS SUPPLIED BY THE AUSTRALIAN WATER ASSOCIATION WATER RECYCLING SPECIALIST NETWORK

SNAPSHOT Recycled water is reliable, high-quality, and increasingly cost-effective.

Assessed in isolation to other sources, recycled water projects have been disadvantaged.

Discharging partially treated effluent can be economically and ecologically unsustainable; reuse schemes can offset treatment costs and environmental harm.

Valuing non-price benefits like drought resilience and climate mitigation is critical to assessing recycling projects.

Purified Recycled Water (PRW) is gaining global traction, with 30 million people safely consuming it; Sydney Water’s PRW plans could save $2 billion by 2050.

Encouragement exists to integrate Australian Guidelines for Water Recycling Phase 2 (augmentation of drinking water supplies) into Australian Drinking Water Guidelines.

State-led engagement is vital to address public perception and to educate people on the safety and benefits of recycled water.

Recycled water delivers public good benefits, often making schemes economically viable but financially challenging without appropriate funding models.

Legacy pricing incentives hinder cost recovery; equitable models should balance adoption with financial sustainability.

With the right policies, technologies, and funding frameworks, irrigators can help secure Australia’s climate-resilient water future.

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I R R I G AT I O N AU ST R A L I A J O U R N A L

WATER SECURITY IS PARAMOUNT FOR THE IRRIGATION INDUSTRY. HERE WE SHARE INSIGHTS FROM OZWATER’25 ABOUT HOW WATER UTILITIES AND GOVERNMENTS ARE EVALUATING AND IMPLEMENTING RECYCLED WATER PROJECTS – GIVING THE IRRIGATION INDUSTRY AN INTRODUCTION TO HOW THESE SCHEMES CAN BE A RELIABLE AND RESILIENT DIVERSIFICATION OF SOURCE WATER.

With surface water resources increasingly under pressure, the conversation around urban and regional water has shifted. It's no longer just about water conservation and finding new sources, but about smarter, more sustainable management of the water we have. At Ozwater ’25, the Australian Water Association's (AWA) Water Recycling Specialist Network hosted a panel discussion: A Collaborative Exploration of Recycled Water Economics – Challenges and Successful Approaches.

Facilitated by Kath Northcott of Veolia and Pam Kerry of South East Water, the expert panellists were Dr. Greta Zornes of CDM Smith, Dr. Joel Byrnes of Marsden Jacob, Adam Lovell of Water Service Association of Australia, and Charlie Littlefair of South East Water. The focus was on overcoming the economic, technological, and regulatory challenges of water recycling.

I R R I G AT I O N AU ST R A L I A J O U R N A L

Policy and regulatory enablers For a long time, recycled water has been evaluated separately from other water sources, often at a disadvantage. The workshop emphasised the need to level the playing field by applying the same decision criteria to all manufactured water sources, including desalination and recycled water. This means judging them on their merits within a whole-of-system supply-demand situation – considering financial costs, but also non-market costs and benefits.

Another major policy driver is the increasing unacceptability of discharging partially treated effluent into waterways due to stricter standards and community expectations. This leaves two primary paths for water utilities: securing a longterm beneficial reuse outlet or investing in expensive advanced treatment to meet discharge limits. From an economic

perspective, a reliable reuse scheme can be justified even with subsidised pricing, as it avoids costly treatment upgrades and prevents ecological damage.

A major enabler for these projects is the ability to properly value non-price benefits, such as drought resilience and climate change mitigation. As Adam Lovell noted, the “secret sauce” for a successful project is often just a very committed project proponent.

Sydney Water's PRW plans are projected to save $2 billion by 2050.

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WAT E R R E CYC L I N G F E AT U R E

For the irrigation industry, understanding these policy shifts is key. Recycled or manufactured water sources are no longer a fringe idea, but a central part of water planning; and projects can be justified economically by the benefits they provide to the broader community, even if the user price doesn't cover the full cost. This creates a stronger business case for schemes that provide water for agriculture.

The evolving role of Purified Recycled Water Purified Recycled Water (PRW) is a new frontier in water recycling. The workshop noted that PRW is expanding rapidly around the globe, with approximately 30 million people already safely consuming it. PRW’s unique nature means it straddles both wastewater and drinking water spheres in terms of regulation and policy.

Unlike other recycled water, which is often a discretionary product for specific uses like irrigation, PRW produces drinking water – a highly regulated product. Its broad end-uses and economies of scale mean that it could, in some cases, displace other, more limited recycled water projects. The cost impacts of

PRW are felt across both wastewater and drinking water systems, meaning its pricing needs to be considered as a-whole-of-waterbill impact. For example, it was raised in the workshop that Sydney Water's PRW plans are projected to save $2 billion by 2050.

A key discussion point was the need for a clear regulatory framework. There is wide consensus that the Australian Guidelines for Water Recycling (AGWR) Phase 2 on augmentation of drinking water supplies should be integrated into the Australian Drinking Water Guidelines (ADWG).

Additionally, there is a strong call for stateled community engagement to "factify" the opportunities of recycled water and counter public perception challenges.

Alternative revenue and pricing models A major hurdle for recycled water projects is financial viability. As Charlie Littlefair of South East Water highlighted, a scheme can be "economically viable BUT not financially viable". This is because the benefits often extend beyond the direct users – they are public good benefits – and the challenge lies in securing funding for them.

The workshop identified several alternative revenue sources to alleviate financial pressure on utilities and ratepayers, including: • Resource recovery: Processing byproducts into saleable products • Partnerships and co-funding models • Grants • Polluters to pay full lifecycle costs.

Additionally, pricing models need to evolve.

The practice of using discounted recycled water pricing as a "sign-on incentive" has created a legacy of very low prices, making it difficult to justify full cost recovery.

Instead, best practice suggests models that promote adoption while ensuring financial fairness, possibly through shared cost allocation across beneficiaries.

With an understanding of alternative revenue streams and the importance of funding public good benefits, the irrigation industry can support the advocacy for projects that are financially sustainable for all parties. It also provides a clear call to action for the industry to move beyond the idea of perpetually cheap water and to embrace more equitable pricing models that reflect the true value of a reliable water supply.

WORKSHOP S

POTLIGHT

WESTERN PORT RECYCLED WATER SCHEME This project, managed by South East Water, provides an example of a recycled water scheme driven by strategic necessity. The CaseyCardinia sewerage catchment is a high-growth area, and the Eastern Treatment Plant is nearing its capacity. The most cost-effective solution for South East Water customers was to find a local use for treated effluent rather than building expensive infrastructure to discharge it elsewhere.

This created a significant opportunity to use excess Class A recycled water for agriculture and industry. The scheme will assist in deferring highcost capital works for 10-20 years while providing a climate-resilient water source for irrigation. The project has the potential for cofunding from the National Water Grid Authority, with an objective to deliver a cost-effective solution for managing treated effluent while providing a high-quality, climate-resilient water source for irrigation. Find more information here.

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I R R I G AT I O N AU ST R A L I A J O U R N A L

WORKSHOP S

POTLIGHT

DINGLEY RECYCLED WATER SCHEME The Dingley Recycled Water Scheme, also from South East Water, is another example of how to make a robust economic case for a project by looking beyond just water supply. The scheme, which supplies water to golf courses and other greenspaces in the southeast of Melbourne, achieved a compelling Benefit/Cost ratio of 2.2.

This positive outcome was achieved by quantifying a wide range of economic, environmental, and social benefits. These benefits include: > Recreational and golf tourism benefits

> > >

The amenity value of higher quality greenspace.

Reduction in potable water use Health benefits from recreation and urban heat island benefits.

The lesson here is that by having robust economic frameworks to quantify ALL benefits, schemes can be proven viable even when they might not seem so on the surface.

This project is a masterclass in building a compelling business case for water recycling projects. For the irrigation industry, especially those in the golf and amenity sectors, it demonstrates the importance of articulating the full value of their water use. It shows that the value of recycled water extends far beyond simply replacing potable water; it includes substantial social and environmental benefits that can justify significant investment and secure a long-term water source.

Find more information here.

Reflection The Ozwater’25 workshop provided a critical perspective on the future of water recycling.

It's clear that to move forward, we must adopt a more holistic view that values all water sources equally and accounts for the full suite of economic, social, and environmental benefits that recycled water provides. For the irrigation community, this is an opportunity to be proactive. By understanding the policies, technologies, and financial models that underpin these projects, you can become a key partner in securing a sustainable, climateresilient water future for Australia. The time has come to treat recycled water as a core, rather than a second, choice.

The Australian Water Association (AWA) is Australia’s leading peak body for water professionals and organisations – fostering collaboration, knowledge sharing, and professional development within the water sector. AWA's diverse membership includes over 5,000 individuals and 600 corporate members, encompassing researchers, utilities, consultants, and more. To learn more about Corporate or Individual Memberships, contact Peter Fry, Member Engagement Manager at pfry@awa.asn.au. Ozwater’26 will be held in Brisbane, 26-28 May 2026. Learn more about Ozwater’26 here.

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DIVE INTO THE WORLD OF IRRIGATION Irrigation Careers is your ultimate destination for forging a rewarding career in the irrigation industry! Regardless of what stage you’re at in your career pathway, this platform is designed to help you thrive in a field dedicated to sustainability and innovation. Help keep Irrigation Careers a valuable resource by sharing your passion and expertise.

Contact us today to contribute quality content, career testimonials, and feedback to inspire and empower the future leaders of irrigation!

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Get inspired with career testimonials from experienced professionals

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Offering a comprehensive overview of the industry, this course is the perfect starting point for those exploring career options, gaining work experience, or looking to onboard new employees.

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STRENGTHENING THE IRRIGATION WORKFORCE NEW INITIATIVES AND PARTNERSHIPS We're proud to introduce several new partnerships that reinforce our commitment to strengthening the irrigation workforce:

Introducing the Irrigation Australia Talent Hub In collaboration with GoHeadhunt, we are launching the Irrigation Australia Talent Hub - a smart platform connecting skilled professionals with leading employers in irrigation, water management, and landscaping.

Benefits for job seekers:

Benefits for employers:

Access exclusive job opportunities

Access to a curated talent pool

AI-powered recruitment tools

Smart hiring tools for streamlined recruitment

Personalised career support and mentoring

Featured job postings for increased visibility

Direct connections with top employers

A cost-effective recruitment solution

More details on this partnership will be shared soon!

Expanding employment pathways with atWork Australia We are also beginning an engagement process with atWork Australia, a national employment services provider offering tailored workforce solutions across the country.

This collaboration provides employers with access to a diverse pool of job-ready candidates, financial support for accredited training, and government wage subsidies of up to $10,000. By working together, we aim to enhance workforce planning, reduce hiring costs, and create meaningful employment pathways within the irrigation industry. Your regional committee is also working hard on a new trial 'Launch into Work' project supported by the Department of Employment and Workplace Relations.

Introducing myfuture - A career resource for future irrigation professionals In late 2024, we collaborated with Education Services Australia to elevate our industry’s profile on myfuture Australia's national career information service. myfuture supports career planning, pathways, and transitions by providing insights and resources for those guiding career choices. We're excited to announce that Irrigation Careers has been added the the myfuture site as a helpful industry website under select occupation profiles!

CAREERS & TRAINING

Graduate Spotlight

BY STUART ALEXANDER

Certificate III in Irrigation Technology and Certified Meter Installer short course Jack Surawski was one of those students you just don’t forget.

He had a presence in class that was all about learning and participating. Jack actively participated in group conversation and was willing to assist others without pushing his own importance. He was always friendly, with a distinctive smile and laugh – despite a reasonably long and busy road network to navigate his way to training each day.

Jack says that irrigation was not something that he was overly familiar with. In a previous career he was a professional sky diver, working all around the world – the last 16 years of which were based in Guam.

“On returning home to Queensland, I joined my father at Dover and Sons, where a number of family members were involved over the past 50 plus years. My thanks to Dover and Sons for their support, and congratulations on their 125th anniversary!”

Deciding to extend his skills and knowledge through training with Irrigation Australia, Jack recently completed both the Certificate III in Irrigation Technology, followed by a Certified Meter Installer short course.

Hats off on graduating Jack! We wish you and Dover and Sons much success and look forward to hearing about your next challenge in the industry.

“My thanks to Dover and Sons for their support, and congratulations on their 125th anniversary!”

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Jack Surawski, Dover & Sons

I R R I G AT I O N AU ST R A L I A J O U R N A L

UNLOCK UNLIMITED IRRIGATION TRAINING FOR YOUR TEAM Irrigation Australia’s 12-month subscription gives your organisation unlimited access to three foundational online courses: • • •

Introduction to Irrigation – Part A (approx. 4 hrs) Introduction to Agriculture – Part B (approx. 6 hrs) Introduction to Landscape – Part B (approx. 5 hrs).

Each course is self-paced and designed to suit all experience levels. Upon finishing, participants receive a Statement of Completion – recognising their understanding of key irrigation concepts.

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TRAINING WITH IRRIGATION AUSTRALIA Take action today and be the expert your industry needs!

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Qualifications Certificate III in Irrigation Technology AHC32424

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training@irrigation.org.au

(07) 3517 4000

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Why Should You Become Certified?

Certification is more than a title. It represents your skill, credibility, and hard-earned expertise.

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Certified Irrigation Retailer (CIR)

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THE BIG ISSUE

Plenty of firsts in the Murray Darling Basin Authority’s 2025 “game changing” evaluation but what does it mean for the irrigation industry ?  BY ZARA LOWIEN, CEO, NATIONAL IRRIGATORS’ COUNCIL

SNAPSHOT Basin challenges have evolved since the Millennium Drought. Murray Darling Basin Authority’s third and most sweeping evaluation calls for broader strategies, citing poor native fish outcomes and limited socio-economic gains.

Key targets achieved: • One-third of irrigation water now supports the environment.

• Sustainable Diversion Limits are being enforced.

Successfully managing non-flow threats is the new frontier: invasive species, barriers to fish passage, cold water pollution, habitat and riparian land degradation.

The Murray Darling Basin Authority’s (MDBA’s) 2025 Basin Plan Evaluation and Sustainable Rivers Audit is critical new information in the lead up to next years scheduled review of the Murray Darling Basin Plan, which is required to look at the suitability of the plan for the next 10-years.

This third evaluation, which the MDBA declared the most comprehensive to date, evidenced positive outcomes for river flows, vegetation and waterbirds, and for the first time, advising “water for the environment is essential, but on its own is likely not sufficient”¹ and that “flow management is only one component of the suite of integrated

management activities needed”², potentially paving a new way forward for management in the Basin.

It is a report of firsts on a few fronts. It also acknowledged that “most of the original targets for water recovery have been met”³ with 2,100 gigalitres recovered, meaning about one in three litres of irrigation water is now for the environment. Also, new Sustainable Diversion Limits (SDL) set by the plan are being enforced. In 2023, the Inspector General for Water Compliance stated that “The SDLs and compliance with these limits are essential to the implementation and operation of the Basin Plan”,⁴ (see Figure 1).

Strategic investment in non-flow measures, using existing infrastructure, is urgently needed to guide the Basin Plan’s next phase.

“The new Water Minister, Murray Watt, has a real opportunity to work collaboratively in partnership with industry and communities, on a much-needed reset, and refocus the Basin Plan towards better environmental outcomes rather than a numbers game that can hurt communities and industries.”

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This is particularly true for native fish which had generally poor results, despite plenty of water (see Figure 2). Thus, signalling that they need more interventions than just water – which is the core objective of the current Basin Plan.

It was refreshing to hear the MDBA acknowledge that Basin management is more complex than the flawed assumption of the original Basin Plan, that water alone would be sufficient.

FIGURE 1. BASIN WATER TAKE VERSUS PERMITTED TAKE AND THE CURRENT SDL (2023-24).

NB: SDL CAME INTO EFFECT IN 2019.]

It is no small feat, but it has come at a cost to many communities and industry – which the Evaluation also highlighted, despite the Basin-scale assessments smoothing out the impacts at a local community and industry level. This time around they were honest enough to highlight the

shortcomings in socio-economic analysis that do not tell the full story.

Where the Evaluation stands out, is it makes a very compelling case that we need to do more than just add water to achieve a broader range of environmental outcomes.

It’s very hard to look at these findings and argue the top priority for our Basin environments is even more water from farmers, when 72% of flows are now for the environment (see Figure 3), Sustainable Diversion Limits are in place, and there’s clear evidence that non-water threats are now the big problem. Known key threats which are blocking further positive environmental outcomes include invasive species such as carp, barriers to fish passage, cold water pollution, habitat degradation and poor riparian land management. Yet, there is no clear strategy and little action on these - that is the gap and the opportunity for industry.

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Fish nativeness

Fish recruitment

Fish species expectedness

Floodplain tree stand condition

High floodplain connectivity

Low floodplain connectivity

Freshes and bankfull flows

Longitudinal connectivity

THE BIG ISSUE

Border Rivers

Very Good

Good

Fair

Good

Good

Good

Fair

Fair

Castlereagh

-

Very Good

Fair

Fair

Fair

Poor

Fair

Very Poor

Condamine

Fair

Good

Poor

Fair

Fair

Fair

Good

Poor

Darling

Good

Good

Poor

Fair

Good

Poor

Fair

Fair

Gwydir

Very Good

Very Good

Poor

Fair

Fair

Fair

Fair

Fair

Macquarie

Very Good

Very Good

Fair

Fair

Good

Poor

Fair

Very Poor

Namoi

Very Good

Good

Fair

Fair

Poor

Fair

Fair

Poor

Paroo

-

-

Fair

Fair

Good

Poor

Poor

Poor

Warrego

Very Good

Very Good

Poor

Fair

Fair

Fair

Fair

Poor

Valley

Northern Basin

Southern Basin Avoca

-

-

Fair

Fair

Fair

Poor

Poor

Very Poor

Broken

Poor

Good

Good

Fair

Fair

Poor

Fair

Very Poor

Very Good

Very Good

Good

Good

Fair

Poor

Poor

Very Poor

Central Murray

Good

Very Good

Fair

Fair

Fair

Poor

Fair

Poor

Goulburn

Good

Very Good

Fair

Fair

Good

Poor

Poor

Very Poor

Kiewa

-

-

Good

-

Very Good

Poor

Poor

Very Poor

Lachlan

Very Good

Very Good

Fair

Fair

Fair

Poor

Fair

Very Poor

Loddon

Good

Very Good

Fair

Fair

Poor

Poor

Fair

Very Poor

Lower Murray

Fair

Fair

Fair

Fair

Fair

Poor

Fair

Poor

Mitta Mitta

-

-

Good

-

Very Good

Poor

Poor

Very Poor

Good

Good

Good

Poor

Poor

Poor

Very Poor

Very Good

Very Good

Good

-

Good

Poor

Fair

Fair

Upper Murray

-

-

Good

-

Good

Poor

Fair

Very Poor

Wimmera

-

-

Fair

Fair

Very Good

Fair

Fair

Very Poor

Campaspe

Murrumbidgee Very Good Ovens

–

indicators were not able to be assessed generally due to a lack of data or suitable target states.

Increasing

Stable

Variable

Decreasing

Not able to be assessed

Increasing trend (likely to be moving toward a more healthy environmental condition) Decreasing trend (likely to be moving toward a less healthy environmental condition)

FIGURE 2. SUSTAINABLE RIVERS AUDIT ENVIRONMENTAL SNAPSHOT (SOURCE MDBA)

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There is broad agreement across stakeholders including scientists, communities and farmers, on the need to pivot to these complementary (non-flow) measures, as well as new tools to optimise environmental water – just as other waterusers have innovated and been more efficient.

The National Irrigators’ Council is calling for quick thinking to determine and prioritise a package of strategic environmental investments in these complementary (non-flow) measures to shape next steps on the Basin Plan. This should also include understanding how to better utilise our existing infrastructure.

The new Water Minister, Murray Watt, has a real opportunity to work collaboratively in partnership with industry and communities, on a much-needed reset, and refocus the Basin Plan towards better environmental outcomes rather than a numbers game that can hurt communities and industries.

The management and problems in the Basin are not the same as those during

FIGURE 3 MURRAY DARLING BASIN WATER BALANCE (SOURCE MDBA AVERAGE FLOWS DATA AND CEWO)

the Millenium Drought, when water sharing was the problem and the Plan was devised.

Times have changed, and solutions must change with it.

This third Evaluation has provided the evidence needed to inform the Basin Plan Review to turn the chapter in water management, and be less about numbers and more about outcomes, and enable more tools than just adding water.

Read the full report here.

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ABOUT THE AUTHOR: Zara Lowien is the CEO of the National Irrigators’ Council Ltd where she leads strategic initiatives that have a strong focus on public policy and irrigation industry sustainability. She brings nearly 20 years of experience in the water sector, underpinned by an academic background in hydrology and soil science.

Find more information about the National Irrigators’ Council here.

References 1. 2025 Basin Plan Evaluation Report - Overview P 4 2. 2025 Basin Plan Evaluation Report P 49 3. 2025 Basin Plan Evaluation Report P 32 4. Reviews and reports | Inspector General of Water Compliance 5. 2025 Basin Plan Evaluation Report P 4.

URBAN

Urban wetland at Sydney Park, NSW

Water Sensitive Cities: The changing role of the irrigation sector  BARTICLE AND IMAGES SUPPLIED BY WATER SENSITIVE CITIES AUSTRALIA

SNAPSHOT The irrigation sector now plays a central role in building resilient and liveable cities.

Water Sensitive City (WSC) approaches offer sustainable urban water management – boosting resilience, liveability, biodiversity, and wellbeing.

Case studies in this article – from across Australia – show how Water Sensitive City principles enhance irrigation.

Integrated Water Management (IWM) provides a pathway to realise the WSC vision.

Adoption of IWM is slowed by governance silos, limited funding and skill shortages. Addressing these needs requires strong national leadership, sustained investment and targeted capacity building.

With a solid foundation of research, tools, policy and demonstration projects already in place – scaling delivery is the priority.

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Australia’s urban water resources are under increasing pressure from climate change and rapid urbanisation. At the same time, our urban environments are getting hotter, biodiversity is declining, and our waterways are under increasing pressure. Conventional water management approaches alone will not address the complex issues found in modern urban environments.

This is also true for irrigation practices such as surface irrigation, which historically has played an important role in maintaining green urban landscapes. Conventional irrigation practices remain important, but face challenges such as high evaporation losses, water distribution efficiency and limited capacity to capture or reuse available water.

We need new urban water management approaches including irrigation practices.

Water sensitive city principles and practices provide a pathway to deliver water services and enhance urban resilience and liveability, support biodiversity and improve community wellbeing.

Water Sensitive Cities: A transformational vision A Water Sensitive City (WSC) integrates all water sources – potable water, wastewater and stormwater – to realise solutions that are fit for purpose, place and people.

It promotes green infrastructure and nature-based solutions such as constructed wetlands, raingardens, tree pits, bioswales, green walls and green roofs to address the challenges of urbanisation, including mitigating urban heat, reducing localised flooding, improving amenity and supporting healthy ecosystems and communities.

Integrated Water Management (IWM) provides a practical pathway to realise this vision. Water utilities, local government, planners, engineers and the irrigation industry collaborate to co-design and implement solutions that optimise water use and related benefits at all scales. This approach also encourages alternative water sources, including stormwater and recycled water, for non-potable applications such as irrigation, industrial processes and open space maintenance.

I R R I G AT I O N AU ST R A L I A J O U R N A L

FIGURE 1: STORMWATER HARVESTING AND WICKING BED IRRIGATION SYSTEM. (CRC for Water Sensitive Cities, 2018. Gladstone East Shores Precinct. Melbourne: CRC for Water Sensitive Cities, p. 1).

Irrigation for liveability, ecology and community wellbeing The irrigation sector is no longer just about watering landscapes; it holds a central role in building resilient and liveable cities. In the face of climate change, rapid urbanisation and ecological decline, the irrigation sector is shifting from a narrow focus on supply to a broader role in supporting urban water security, environmental health and community wellbeing.

Conventional surface irrigation, while still important, is being augmented with more efficient practices such as subsurface irrigation. The next step in this evolution is passive irrigation of street trees, turf and public open spaces. Passive irrigation mimics natural processes by capturing stormwater and directing it into engineered cells beneath the vegetation (see Figure 1).

delivery is no longer an isolated technical task but integral to achieving outcomes that matter to communities, such as – resilience, liveability and ecological health.

Equally important, irrigation can act as a bridge between centralised infrastructure and decentralised, site-specific solutions.

By embracing recycled water, stormwater harvesting and passive systems, the sector can ease pressure on potable water supplies while sustaining vital green infrastructure. This strengthens not only urban landscapes but also the redundancy, flexibility and resilience of the broader water system.

In a changing climate, this integrated approach reframes irrigation from being primarily a consumer of water to being a catalyst for water sensitive cities. By

aligning with the principles of Water Sensitive Cities and Integrated Water Management, the irrigation sector holds both the opportunity and the responsibility to drive urban sustainability and safeguard the wellbeing of future communities.

Water sensitive city principles and practices provide a pathway to deliver water services and enhance urban resilience and liveability, support biodiversity and improve community wellbeing.

This promotes deeper root growth, yielding stronger and more resilient landscapes and, for trees, a larger canopy cover. This approach reduces reliance on potable water, mitigates flooding, limits nutrient discharge to waterways, and delivers multiple cobenefits such as urban cooling, greening and improved ecological health as outlined in Figure 2. More information can be found here: Designing for a cool city – Guidelines for passively irrigated landscapes.

This progression highlights how irrigation is evolving from a single-purpose mechanism into a multifunctional system that combines alternative water sources with smarter, more efficient delivery. Irrigation planning and

I R R I G AT I O N AU ST R A L I A J O U R N A L

FIGURE 2: BENEFITS OF PASSIVELY IRRIGATED SYSTEMS: INCREASED GREEN SPACES (CRC for Water Sensitive Cities, 2020. Designing for a cool city: Guidelines for passively irrigated landscapes. Melbourne: CRC for Water Sensitive Cities, p. 16).

S P R I N G 2 0 2 5 37

URBAN

Demonstrating impact: Learning from practice across Australia Across Australia, multiple projects illustrate the value of integrating WSC thinking into new approaches to irrigating landscapes: White Gum Valley (WA) showcases water and energy efficiencies at the precinct scale. It includes a communal groundwater irrigation system and lot-scale rainwater harvesting using rainwater tanks. The development also converted an infiltration basin (or sump) into a publicly accessible landscape by creating water storage cells underground so that water can slowly soak into the ground.

Salisbury alternative water scheme (SA) delivers cost-effective irrigation for green spaces while improving catchment health. Constructed wetlands capture and treat stormwater before it is stored in underground aquifers for later use. A purple pipe network carries water to parks, reserves, schools, industry and some new residential developments where it is used for toilet flushing, washing cars, irrigation, industrial/commercial uses and filling ornamental ponds.

Gladstone Shores Parkland (QLD) demonstrates how to harvest, store and reuse stormwater to passively irrigate a high use turfed open space using wicking bed technology. Stormwater is diverted from roads and shelters into a storage zone (an artificial sand aquifer), which is then drawn up to the active root zone via the natural process of soil capillary rise (driven by evapotranspiration). Figure 3 demonstrates the results. The precinct also uses vegetated swales, bioretention raingardens, permeable pavers and rainwater tanks to capture stormwater.

The SIMPaCT (NSW) project, designed and led by Western Sydney University, is using smart water technologies to help create climate-resilient urban areas. One of those technologies is the Scenario Tool, developed by the CRC for Water Sensitive Cities. The Scenario Tool creates a digital twin of an area and allows the team to assess environmental conditions, forecast temperatures, simulate different irrigation scenarios and produce interactive maps.

Sydney Water has developed a Western Sydney Regional Master Plan (NSW) that

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FIGURE 3: WICKING LAWN AT GLADSTONE EAST SHORES PARKLAND (CRC for Water Sensitive Cities, 2020. Designing for a cool city: Guidelines for passively irrigated landscapes. Melbourne: CRC for Water Sensitive Cities, p. 15)

supports the NSW Government’s vision of the Western Parkland City, in Sydney’s west.

As Sydney Water’s first regional servicing master plan, it goes beyond traditional ‘taps and toilets’ to consider, integrate and understand the economic value of water in all its forms for shaping, building, greening and cooling a new Parkland City. The master plan encompasses growth areas across Western Sydney – the North West Growth Area, the new Aerotropolis Growth Area and the South West Growth Area.

A practice guide (Vic) was developed to showcases good design for cooling outdoor living spaces using water, plants and architecture. It shows how easy it can be to use water wisely to create cool, comfortable outdoor areas around the home. It involves combining water, plants and architecture to create natural shade, cool the air and cool the ground. Smart technologies can also help maximise the cooling effect.

Unlocking irrigation’s potential Integrated approaches to landscape irrigation, combining passive watering, efficiency improvements and alternative water sources, deliver multiple benefits for cities. They mitigate urban heat, reduce reliance on potable supplies, improve water security and lessen runoff impacts.

They also create greener public spaces that support community wellbeing and deliver economic gains through lower

infrastructure costs, reduced flood damage and increased land value. However, adoption is slowed by governance silos, funding limitations and skill shortages, particularly in local government.

Overcoming these barriers requires strong national leadership, sustained investment and targeted capacity building. With a solid foundation of research, tools, policy and demonstration projects already in place, the priority for Australia now is scaling delivery.

The irrigation sector has a pivotal role in this transformation, not just as a water user, but as a strategic partner in building healthier, more sustainable and more resilient urban environments.

About Water Sensitive Cities Australia The Cooperative Research Centre for Water Sensitive Cities (CRCWSC) pioneered research and partnerships that reshaped how urban water is valued and managed in Australia. Building on this foundation, Water Sensitive Cities Australia (WSCA) now focuses on capacity building and largescale implementation of WSC and IWM principles, helping state agencies and local governments embed integrated approaches into practice.

Find more information here and here.

I R R I G AT I O N AU ST R A L I A J O U R N A L

Stormwater infrastructure at Melbourne Airport.

Photograph supplied by Spiire.

F E AT U R E A RT I C L E

From paddock to pavement: Shared challenges and solutions for irrigation and stormwater  BY BRYAN WARD, EXECUTIVE OFFICER, STORMWATER AUSTRALIA Australia’s identity has long been shaped by its relationship with water, or often, the lack of it. Across our sunburnt country, irrigation and stormwater professionals share a common purpose: to manage water sustainably, deliver benefits to communities, and protect the natural environment.

At first glance, the irrigation and stormwater sectors might appear to operate at opposite ends of the water cycle. One delivers water to support food production and landscapes; the other captures runoff from urban surfaces to reduce flooding and protect water quality. But under the surface, these disciplines are united by a shared set of challenges, and increasingly, by shared solutions.

The infrastructure we inherited Both sectors are grappling with ageing infrastructure. In the case of stormwater, much of Australia’s underground pipe network was laid decades ago when cities were smaller, rainfall intensities were lower, and design standards less

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stringent – with little attention paid to the content and quality of stormwater. Today, local governments manage thousands of kilometres of stormwater pipes, many nearing the end of their service life.

Replacement costs will run into the billions of dollars, and that’s before factoring in new systems needed to support growing urban areas, increased intensity of rainfall events, and the removal of pollutants such as microplastics, sediments, nutrients and hydrocarbons from stormwater – before they enter our rivers and oceans.

A climate of extremes

The irrigation industry knows this story all too well. Ageing open channels, leaky pipes, and outdated control systems have historically limited water efficiency in agricultural regions. Fortunately, targeted investment, such as that delivered through government infrastructure programs, has enabled major modernisation in recent decades. The same momentum is now needed in urban stormwater infrastructure to prevent failure, mitigate flood risk, and unlock the potential for water reuse.

In the stormwater industry, the term "rain bomb" has entered the lexicon.

It describes the short-duration, highintensity rainfall events that now regularly overwhelm conventional drainage systems. These events not only pose risks to property and public safety but also flush enormous quantities of pollutants, sediment, heavy metals, hydrocarbons, plastic debris and trash into downstream waterways.

Climate change is no longer a future problem; it’s a present reality. For both irrigation and stormwater practitioners, variability is now the norm. Extended droughts followed by intense downpours, and fire seasons overlapping with flood recovery, are becoming increasingly familiar. We’ve all seen the confronting images on our television screens, and we’re feeling the consequences through rising insurance premiums and growing strain on our infrastructure.

W I N T E R 2 0 2 5 39

F E AT U R E A RT I C L E

Meanwhile, irrigators are being asked to grow more with less. Changing rainfall patterns and water allocations have increased reliance on stored and distributed supplies. Smart irrigation scheduling, soil moisture monitoring, and precision application techniques have become essential tools.

The urban footprint expands Australia’s cities are rapidly growing, and the numbers are staggering. Between 2011 and 2021, the number of private dwellings in Australia increased by more than 1.5 million, with over 960,000 added between 2016 and 2021 alone. Most of this growth has occurred in the outer suburbs of our major cities, areas that are typically more car-dependent and stormwater-intensive.

Urbanisation has led to significant increases in impervious surfaces such as roads, rooftops, and pavements. For example, Melbourne’s urban hard surfaces now cover more than 600 km², up from about 500 km² just a decade ago. Every square kilometre of new impervious surface generates millions of litres of extra stormwater runoff during a single storm – runoff that carries with it a toxic mix of pollutants and debris.

Nowhere is this more visible than in Western Sydney, where the construction of the Nancy-Bird Walton International Airport is reshaping entire catchments. The 1,700-hectare site is transforming rural land into a new hub of concrete, tarmac, and roofed infrastructure. In some areas, impervious cover is rising from 10 per cent to over 45 per cent, resulting in dramatic increases in stormwater volumes and flow rates. The airport’s designers have included

detention basins and stormwater treatment features, but the underlying issue remains – as our urban footprint expands, so too does the burden on our water systems.

“Australia’s cities are rapidly growing, and the numbers are staggering. Every square kilometre of new impervious surface generates millions of litres of extra stormwater runoff during a single storm – runoff that carries with it a toxic mix of pollutants and debris.”

Cleaning up our act Stormwater Australia’s members, affectionately known as “stormies,” are on the frontlines of urban water quality and quantity management. Their twin focus is on improving the quality of runoff before it enters our rivers, estuaries, and oceans, as well as managing flood risk for exposed communities.

Melbourne’s urban hard surfaces now cover more than 600 km², up from about 500 km² just a decade ago.

A growing number of local councils and planning authorities now require stormwater quality improvement devices (SQIDs) to be installed as part of new developments. These devices, which include gross pollutant traps, filters, bioretention systems, and wetlands – capture trash, sediments, and nutrients from stormwater before it is discharged into natural systems.

With a wide variety of SQIDs on the market, independent performance verification is essential to ensure consistency and reliability across different products and sites. That’s why Stormwater Australia developed the Stormwater Quality Improvement Device Evaluation Protocol (SQIDEP), a national verification system that independently tests and certifies performance claims. SQIDEP ensures that treatment devices meet robust standards and deliver measurable benefits.

This program mirrors efforts in the irrigation sector to validate water-saving technologies, sensors, and controllers to build trust and drive innovation.

“[Rain bombs] not only pose risks to property and public safety but also flush enormous quantities of pollutants, sediment, heavy metals, hydrocarbons, plastic debris and trash into downstream waterways.”

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I R R I G AT I O N AU ST R A L I A J O U R N A L

“As our cities and regions grow, the integration of water sources will become more important, and the boundary between “urban” and “rural” water systems will continue to blur.”

View detailed information about the Stormwater Quality Improvement Device Evaluation Protocol here.

Where our stories converge One of the most exciting areas of convergence between irrigation and stormwater is in the realm of stormwater harvesting and reuse. Increasingly, stormwater is being treated as a resource, not a nuisance, and used to irrigate parks, gardens, sports fields, and even crops.

A great example is the stormwater harvesting scheme at Melbourne Airport.

Designed by Spiire, this system collects runoff from the airport precinct, treats it through a large sedimentation basin and rain garden, and reuses it for toilet flushing, landscape irrigation, and even watering the Essendon Football Club’s training grounds. More than 130 megalitres of treated stormwater are reused each year, reducing pressure on potable supplies and contributing to a circular water economy.

This concept, using "fit-for-purpose" water sources, is already familiar to many in the

irrigation industry. Treated wastewater, desalinated water, and recycled stormwater are increasingly used for non-food crops, turf, and environmental watering. As our cities and regions grow, the integration of water sources will become more important, and the boundary between “urban” and “rural” water systems will continue to blur.

Both sectors are supported by deeply committed professionals, working every day to protect our water and landscapes.

Whether it's a grower optimising irrigation scheduling or a stormwater engineer designing a trash rack to intercept plastic pollution, the motivation is the same: to be good stewards of our environment.

The power of partnership

Looking forward

Collaboration between the irrigation and stormwater sectors could deliver enormous value. We already share many stakeholders: councils, water utilities, regulators, researchers, and communities.

We also share a vision, one in which water is managed sustainably across the entire landscape, from catchment to coast.

As we face a more unpredictable climate, the connections between irrigation and stormwater will only grow stronger. Our challenges may differ in scale and setting, but the underlying principles, sustainability, resilience, innovation, unite us.

There are opportunities to partner on: • Urban greening and passive irrigation: using stormwater to support street trees and green infrastructure, improving heat resilience.

• Catchment-scale planning: where both stormwater and irrigation schemes are designed in harmony with natural systems.

• Education and advocacy: to build public support for integrated water management and investment in ageing infrastructure.

Stormwater Australia welcomes the opportunity to deepen collaboration with Irrigation Australia and its members. Together, we can build a water future that is not just fit for purpose but fit for the planet.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR: Bryan Ward is the Executive Officer of Stormwater Australia and has a long history of leadership in the Australian water sector, including serving as CEO of Irrigation Australia for seven years.

He is passionate about advancing integrated water management and strengthening collaboration across disciplines. Visit the Stormwater Australia website here.

RURAL

CASE STUDY

From undersized to futureproof: Smarter pumping for an NSW farm  ARTICLE AND IMAGES PROVIDED BY BROWN BROTHERS ENGINEERS AUSTRALIA.

SNAPSHOT A farmer in NSW needed a higher-flow, scalable pump system to replace an outdated setup that couldn’t meet crop demands or planned expansion.

Other challenges included managing flood risk and suction lift due to a steep riverbank, filtering river debris from water, and operating within limited power supply.

A deliberately oversized system was specified to boost efficiency and enable future expansion.

System components included a movable Goulds ISO pump (GIFM150X125-250 model), a Snapper+ control panel fitted with Variable Speed Drive, a Programmable Logic Controller to manage system inputs and automate pump start/ stop functions. The controller also features a 25-bar pressure transducer and integrated high/ low alarms – protecting against overload/ underload conditions.

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A farmer in rural New South Wales was operating an older pump and centre pivot system, originally designed for low flow rates. While the system had worked adequately for the farm’s previous owners, the new owner had shifted to growing lucerne, with plans to introduce corn and other high-demand crops. They also intended to expand irrigation to higher ground, making a more capable and scalable system essential.

From undersized to oversized To meet the increased flow and pressure demands, a Goulds ISO pump – a GIFM150X125-250 model, supplied by Brown Brothers Engineers was specified and installed. The pump was operated at 1920 RPM to improve suction performance under lift conditions, providing better results than a standard 2-pole GIFM 125x100-200.

The existing system operated on a three to four-day watering cycle, which was inefficient and labour-intensive. During the hotter months, it struggled to keep up with irrigation demands, resulting in delayed and insufficient water application.

The customer needed a new pump system that could increase flow, shorten watering duration and support future expansion.

Aquawest Tamworth and Brown Brothers Engineers Australia delivered the winning solution.

I R R I G AT I O N AU ST R A L I A J O U R N A L

An uphill battle With the Manilla River being the main water source, installation came with its challenges. The farm backs onto the river meaning flooding events posed a potential risk to the pump system. “We had to ensure the pump was in a spot where it could be easily removed,” Adam said. “Because of the steep riverbank, we needed a pump that could handle the suction lift while maintaining a low Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH), both now and when operating at higher speeds in the future.”

Tailored for single-pump systems, the Snapper+ provides fully integrated pressure control and is designed to help improve the overall efficiency, operation and protection of the system.

“The system was deliberately oversized to ensure it not only met current requirements more efficiently but also allowed for future expansion without the need to purchase a new pump,” said Adam Fields, Branch Manager at Aquawest.

A Snapper+ control panel, designed and manufactured by Techsys in Australia, was also installed. Tailored for single-pump systems, the Snapper+ provides fully integrated pressure control and is designed to help improve the overall efficiency, operation and protection of the system. A Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) was also included to manage system inputs and automate pump start/stop functions.

Fitted with a Variable Speed Drive (VSD), the Snapper+ allows the Goulds ISO pump to automatically adjust its speed according to irrigation demand. This optimises energy efficiency and provides the flexibility to scale performance as the farm expands.

The controller also features a 25-bar pressure transducer and integrated high/ low alarms, ensuring consistent operation while protecting against both overload and underload conditions – such as dry running.

I R R I G AT I O N AU ST R A L I A J O U R N A L

without overloading the supply. “It really shows what’s possible with modern pump and control technology,” Adam added.

“When the customer expands irrigation into the new areas, they’ll relocate power lines and upgrade the supply to the controller. At that point, we can bring the pump up to full load to meet the increased demand.”

While the existing pipeline was smaller than ideal, the Goulds ISO pump’s increased pressure capacity allowed the system to operate effectively without the need for immediate pipe replacement. When the farm expands, a larger pipeline can be installed to service the new area. The ISO pump, which was intentionally semi-oversized, can operate at higher speeds when required.

Once the new pipeline is in place, reduced friction losses will allow the pump to deliver more water with less effort. This forwardthinking approach future-proofs the system and eliminates the need for a new pump investment down the line.

“It really shows what’s possible with modern pump and control technology,” Improved efficiency and coverage With the system installed and operational, feedback has been overwhelmingly positive.

River water quality presented another challenge. With a high load of pine needles and organic debris, there was a risk of blockages and pump damage. To protect the system, a self-cleaning screen and foot valve were installed on the suction line.

The screen filters debris before it reaches the pump, while the foot valve prevents backflow, helping the pump stay primed (i.e. full of liquid, not air).

Power supply limitations also had to be addressed. The property was operating on an older electrical network with restricted capacity. “Because the customer also has a house to run, we had to be careful not to exceed the available power draw,” Adam said. “By configuring the control panel to scale back the pump’s output, we were able to lower the amp demand and keep it within a safe running point.”

This approach allowed the farm to operate both the pump and household appliances

A key success of the installation was how the team adjusted pump speed on-site.

After discovering that the centre pivot was delivering more water than expected, the team incrementally increased the pump speed until the desired flow and pressure were achieved.

“The watering cycle has been reduced from 3-4 days to just 2 days, significantly cutting labour time and improving water application, especially during those hotter months”, Adam said. “The end-gun throw has also increased by approximately five metres, boosting coverage and even increasing the usable paddock area.”

The combination of smart pump sizing, flexible speed control, and intuitive integration with the pivot controller made this installation a standout success, proving that even challenging sites with suction and power limitations can be futureproofed with the right engineering and equipment.

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CONTR ACTORS CORNER

CASE STUDY

From turf to talent: Paddock transformation and industry insights  ARTICLE AND IMAGES SUPPLIED BY GREENE EDEN WATERING SYSTEMS, SOUTH AUSTRALIA.

SNAPSHOT Greene Eden Watering Systems transformed a 1.6-hectare paddock into a sports field for a school near Adelaide.

Using advanced irrigation design and turf layering techniques, soil moisture sensors and wind-adapted scheduling were key to system efficiency, with remote management via mobile app.

The project used Kikuyu stolon planting and ongoing turf care with bio-fertilisers and soil conditioners.

Business owners Trevor and Kath highlight technological progress and the need for new apprentices in a changing industry. They advocate for long-term workforce solutions and regional collaboration to address industry fragmentation and skill shortages.

Long term Irrigation Australia Member, Greene Eden Watering Systems share a practical case study in farm paddock transformation and insights into regional skills shortages.

over 7,000 tonnes of special turf mix, which was levelled to a depth of 300mm across the area, to enable system installation and ultimately, turf growth.

At a site located just over two hours from Adelaide, long term irrigation contractor, Greene Eden Watering Systems Pty Ltd., accepted the challenge to transform a 1.6-hectare farm paddock into a sports playing field for the adjacent school.

The system includes soil moisture sensing across the site and sprinklers spaced at 12.5m. Once the system was fully installed and operational, the area was seeded and row-planted with Kikuyu stolons, using a Sammut over-planting machine. Annual turf management programs using bio-fertilisers, stimulants and soil conditioners followed.

As soon as the irrigation design and quotation for the works were accepted by the school, the project commenced with initial surveying and pegging out, followed by cutting/ filling and laser grading of the subgrade. With a limestone layer just below the surface it was necessary to import

The system includes soil moisture sensing across the site and sprinklers spaced at 12.5m.

With a limestone layer just below the surface it was necessary to import over 7,000 tonnes of special turf mix, which was levelled to a depth of 300mm.

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Managing Director, Trevor Eden said that a major consideration for the site is the erratic wind conditions – with direction and velocity changing throughout the night. To overcome the possible negative impact of wind on irrigation performance, scheduling involves multiple, short run-times during the night. Soil moisture sensors kick-in when the profile has received the preset level of moisture; and the system is remotely monitored and managed from an app on Trevor’s phone.

“Having a grounds-person on site who takes an interest and understands what the system should be doing, in tandem with the innovative irrigation technology now available, makes system management so much easier than it used to be – especially with sites so far away,” said Trevor.

“We’ve been installing systems for decades, and I’ve seen tremendous advances in water management and water saving technology. It’s always been an exciting and interesting industry to be part of, but it would be good to see some new trainees or apprentices come through,” he said.

Innovation and skills revival in irrigation Trevor’s wife and business partner, Kath, is a Life Member of Irrigation Australia.

Together, Kath and Trevor have been passionate supporters of the industry for more years than they’d care to admit.

Recently, Kath championed Irrigation Australia’s attempts to establish a new Skills Shortage Solutions project in the region, and we caught up with her to find out why.

“The irrigation community is fragmented. We desperately need to have a committed, active, regional committee to drive re-unification and re-building of the industry of which we were once so proud.”

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“All businesses are facing issues in filling positions these days. Most are running lean and need more hands to get the work done and, hopefully, grow their business. Many like us, face the problem of an ageing workforce. Our staff have been with us for a long time but for some, retirement is looming – so where does that leave a business that is sound, and highly respected,” asked Kath. “I’m hoping that current skill shortages can be filled by establishing and keeping, apprentices/ trainees for the long haul,” she said.

Kath said it’s clear that the irrigation industry needs long-term planning – not only with employment issues, but with other issues that the industry faces.

“The irrigation community is fragmented,” said Kath. “We desperately need to have a committed, active, regional committee to drive re-unification and re-building of the industry of which we were once so proud,” she said.

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RI RANGE

RESEARCH

Water Research Australia’s new State of Knowledge report on PFAS  COPY FOR THIS OVERVIEW HAS BEEN EXCERPTED FROM THE WATER RESEARCH AUSTRALIA WEBSITE

Water Research Australia’s (WaterRA) first State of Knowledge report (June 2025) provides an up-to-date overview of research on PFAS – one of the most persistent and complex challenges facing the water sector.

Whether you’re working in water supply, wastewater management, policy, or research, this report offers a comprehensive and practical snapshot, of what is known and not yet known, about PFAS in the water industry.

“We should not lose sight of the fact that the most effective ways to manage these types of environmental contaminants would ideally have very little to do with the water sector. It will, however, be important for the water industry to keep up with the speed of new findings and knowledge to ensure they are not only compliant with potentially new regulations coming to the fore, but also to address community concerns proactively.”

Executive Summary, PFAS Understanding recent advancements in research.

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PFAS: From consumer use to environmental risk Found in everyday products, from cookware and textiles to firefighting foams and industrial materials, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widespread. Once celebrated for their durability, PFAS are now known for their persistence in the environment and resistance to breakdown, posing significant concerns for human and ecosystem health.

PFAS have been detected in soil, water, air, and even in human blood. While the water industry is not the source of PFAS, it plays a critical role in managing its transport, treatment, and potential re-entry into the environment. Treatment plants – whether supplying drinking water, recycled water, or biosolids – can inadvertently become point sources of PFAS if not managed effectively.

What’s inside the report?

The report distils current research and provides clarity on: • PFAS detection and monitoring advancements • Emerging insights into toxicology and health risks • How PFAS precursors behave and transform in treatment systems • The role of soil, plants, and microbial processes in PFAS fate and transport • Promising treatment methods: adsorption, pyrolysis, cavitation, gasification, and more.

“It is important, but sometimes overlooked, that many water treatment processes may be observed to ‘remove’ PFAS, but do not actually destroy it.

They just concentrate PFAS into waste streams, which then need to be further treated or disposed of to the environment.

Even processes which degrade PFAS will produce byproducts (either shorter chain PFAS or, at best, fluoride ions). The environmental implications of these also need to be considered.”

Executive Summary, PFAS Understanding recent advancements in research.

A must-have resource As our understanding of PFAS continues to evolve, staying informed is key to managing risk and meeting public and regulatory expectations. The report is free to access.

Log in with either a guest or WaterRA member account.

Source: Dr Mst Nilufa Sultana and Jacqueline Frizenschaf Water Research Australia, June 2025, PFAS Understanding recent advancements in research | (Report).

I R R I G AT I O N AU ST R A L I A J O U R N A L

ICID INSIGHTS

Event schedule

ICID EVENTS The International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage (ICID) is a leading scientific, technical, and professional not-for-profit organisation dedicated to irrigation, drainage, and flood management, promoting and advancing sustainable agricultural water management. It is headquartered in New Delhi, India. Irrigation Australia contributes to ICID objectives through the Irrigation Australia Committee on Irrigation and Drainage (IACID).

DATE

EVENT

LOCATION

WEBSITE

7 to 13 September 2025

4th World Irrigation Forum and 76th Internation Executive Council (IEC) Meeting

Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Read more

13 to 17 October

International Course on “Micro-irrigation for Crop Production”

California, U.S.A.

Read more

21 to 23 October 2025

7th Eurasian Conference RISK – 2025

Baku, Azerbaijan

Read more

22 to 24 October 2025

7th Conference of the Pan African Society for Agricultural Engineering

Fes, Morocco

Read more

12 to 16 January 2026

ASABE Global Symposium on Sustainable Microirrigation Advances: Drop to Boom

Aguadilla, Puerto Rico

Read more

12 to 17 October 2026

26th ICID International Congress and 77th IEC Meeting

Marseille, France

Read more

World Court says countries are legally obligated to curb emissions, protect climate The UN’s principal judicial body ruled that States have an obligation to protect the environment from greenhouse gas emissions and act with due diligence and cooperation to fulfill this obligation.

For more information visit the ICID website.

Source: UN News, 23 July 2025. Website

IRRIGATION AUSTRALIA'S COMMITTEE ON IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE (IACID) Momir Vranes (Chair) Dave Cameron P: +61 7 3517 4001, E: dave.cameron@irrigation.org.au Naomi Carragher P: +61 7 3517 4002, E: naomi.carragher@irrigation.org.au Peter Hayes Eddie Parr Carl Walters Richard McLoughlin Karlene Maywald Michael Scobie Claire Miller Andrew Ogden Zara Lowien

I R R I G AT I O N AU ST R A L I A J O U R N A L

INTERNATIONAL ICID NEWS SNAPSHOT A selection of international water management headlines covering research, challenges, and pivotal moments across industries and regions from the ICID e-bulletin – subscribe here.

Satellites reveal a hidden global water crisis Using two decades of satellite data, a study led by researchers at the University of Arizona warns against a looming and catastrophic freshwater crisis. Fuelled they say by groundwater overuse, climate change and extreme drought, the researchers identified four “mega-drying” regions across the northern hemisphere – noting that 75 per cent of the world’s population live in 101 countries that have been losing freshwater for the past 22 years.

Source: Dr. Tim Sandle, Digital Journal, 27 July 2025. Website

"Water conservation must be understood not just as a technical goal but as a moral, ecological, and socio-economic necessity.

Reducing water losses through improved irrigation practices, recycling and reusing water resources, and protecting our watersheds can help build more resilient rural economies and ecosystems. However, this requires a comprehensive approach – one that bridges disciplines and borders, and places people at the center of all efforts."

Dr. Marco Arcieri,ICID President, July 2025

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S TAT E RO U N D U P

VICTORIA

$211 MILLION TO FUND "WISER" PROJECTS IN FIVE STATES Five state packages totalling 23 water infrastructure projects have been funded, with construction now underway or set to start within 2025. The Water Infrastructure for Sustainable and Efficient Regions (WISER) initiative is jointly funded by the Australian Government ($85.9 million) and various state governments, local councils and community groups. Australian Government funding is provided through the National Water Grid Fund.

WATERNSW NEEDS AN EXTRA $80 MILLION IN COST SAVINGS PER YEAR TO OPERATE WaterNSW is to become a leaner, smaller and more focused business.

Source: WaterNSW, 4 August 2025 | Media Release

QUEENSLAND

Source: National Water Grid | Website

Source: Katie Livingstone, 6 August 2025, Utility Magazine

NEW SOUTH

WALES

The Victorian Government is providing $144 million in direct support to help farmers and communities impacted by drought.

Source: Victorian Government | Website accessed July 2025.

REMOTE FIRST NATIONS COMMUNITIES GET $60.8M WATER SECURITY BOOST The Federal Government, through the National Water Grid Fund, will invest $60.8 million for six new First Nations water infrastructure projects across remote Australia.

$144 MILLION IN GRANTS TO SUPPORT DROUGHT AFFECTED FARMERS AND COMMUNITIES

AWARD-WINNING COTTON GROWER JOHN NORMAN JAILED OVER $8.7 MILLION WATER FRAUD Former Australian cotton grower of the year John Norman has been sentenced to a maximum of nine and a half years in prison over his role in one of Australia's most significant water frauds.

Source: Brandon Long and Nathan Morris, 16 July 2025, ABC News

BRIGHT’S WATER STORAGE DECLINES DESPITE RECENT RAINFALL, WHILE WATER USAGE INCREASES Bright's off-river storage is at 53 per cent capacity, showing a sharp decline from 84 per cent this time last year. Meanwhile, Bright’s weekly water usage is around 3 million litres higher than the five-year average.

Source: North East Water, 7 August 2025 | Website

CONTRACT FOR TOOWOOMBA TO WARWICK PIPELINE TO BE AWARDED LATE 2025 MURRAY-DARLING BASIN AUTHORITY CLASS ACTION HEARS OF ALLEGED WATER MISMANAGEMENT An eight-week hearing has commenced in the NSW Supreme Court, where 28,000 irrigators from southern NSW and northern Victoria allege the Murray-Darling Basin Authority mismanaged water and breached its duty of care, reducing agricultural supply. The case centres on overbank flooding at the Barmah Choke during the 2017/18 and 2018/19 water years.

Seqwater is delivering a 111-kilometre pipeline from Toowoomba to Warwick to enhance long-term water security across the region. The project will enable permanent supply for Greenmount and Westbrook, support Toowoomba Regional Council’s drinking water plans for surrounding towns and provide drought contingency for Southern Downs communities. Environmental assessment, community consultation and detailed design are in progress, with the contract to be awarded late 2025.

Source: Seqwater, July 2025 | Website

Source: Emily Doak, 11 August 2025, ABC News

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MAJOR RECYCLED WATER PROJECT TO SERVE MORE THAN 5000 HOMES AND BUSINESSES IN LILYDALE AND CHIRNSIDE PARK The Brushy Creek Recycled Water Project is to provide sustainable and reliable water supply – treating wastewater so it can be safely reused for non-drinking water purposes like flushing toilets, washing clothes and watering gardens.

Source: Yarra Valley Water, 7 August | Website I R R I G AT I O N AU ST R A L I A J O U R N A L

THE CORANGAMITE REGIONAL WATERWAY STRATEGY IS BEING RENEWED

EYRE PENINSULA DESALINATION PLANT COSTS BLOW OUT BY $140 MILLION

The Corangamite Regional Waterway Strategy is being renewed to guide waterway management investment over the next decade. Structured workshops (closing in September) with key partners and stakeholders will shape shared priorities.

The full draft strategy will be reviewed following these sessions.

The cost of constructing a desalination plant on South Australia's Eyre Peninsula has blown out by $140 million. Eyre Peninsula's water shortages have been described as "dire" and water predicted to be undrinkable by 2026. “Global inflationary pressures” and a design change are cited as the cause of cost blow-out. ACCIONA is leading delivery of the project, McConnell Dowell is handling marine infrastructure, and Leed is building the transfer pipeline.

Source: Corangamite Catchment Management Authority, 15 July 2025 | Website

8 PER CENT DROP IN GREATER MELBOURNE’S WATER STORAGES SINCE SUMMER

Source: Arj Ganesan and Emma Pedler, 25 July 2025, ABC News

WESTERN AU

WA’S NEW MINISTER FOR WATER SHARES HIS THOUGHTS

Source: Melbourne Water, 12 June 2025. | Website

Western Australia’s new Minister for Water outlines his vision for climate resilience, water security, and inclusive infrastructure across the state.

RALIA SOUTH AUST

Source: Don Punch, 7 August 2025, Inside Water

Wine producers in parts of South Australia say they're being pushed to the brink of collapse by persistent drought and soaring water prices.

Source: Jessica Schremmer, 22 July 2025, ABC Radio PM

Western Australian farmers can now apply for funding to support new carbon farming projects through the third round of the Carbon for Farmers Voucher Program.

Source: Hon. Jackie Jarvis, 30 July 2025, Government of WA | Media Release

STRALIA

Current levels of 73 per cent, down 14 per cent from the end of autumn 2024 – mark the most significant decline in water levels for the start of the year in nearly three decades.

DROUGHT AND WATER PRICES PUSHING SA WINE PRODUCERS TO THE BRINK OF COLLAPSE

ROUND 3, CARBON FOR FARMERS VOUCHERS NOW AVAILABLE

SEAWATER DESALINATION PLANT TO SHORE UP FAILING WATER SUPPLIES IN EXMOUTH A remote West Australian town will host one of the state's first regional seawater desalination plants, as thousands of visitors, a growing US military presence and a warming climate increase pressure on local supplies.

NORTHERN T

ERRITORY

ON THE RADIO: COULD WATER FROM WA'S ORD RIVER BE PIPED ACROSS THE BORDER INTO THE NORTHERN TERRITORY? In 2024 the Federal Government allocated $2.3 million to develop a business case for transferring water from Western Australia's Ord Irrigation Scheme into the Northern Territory, with a pipeline among the options to expand irrigated farming. ABC Rural spoke with Andrew Baylis from the NT Department of Agriculture to learn more.

Source: Matt Brann, 18 June 2025, ABC Rural, NT Country Hour

Source: Alistair Bates, Charlie Mills and Vanessa Mills, 1 August, ABC News

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T H E W AT E R C O N S E RVA N CY

Smart Drop certification launches in the UK to boost water efficiency standards The Water Conservancy has officially launched its internationally recognised Smart Drop Certification in the United Kingdom, in partnership with leading water efficiency organisation Waterwise.

Already established in Australia and North America, Smart Drop offers independent assessment and certification for water-saving products not covered by the UK’s forthcoming mandatory Water Efficiency Label. The scheme enables manufacturers and suppliers to demonstrate water efficiency credentials, providing both consumer confidence and market advantage.

In the UK, Smart Drop Certification will be available exclusively to Waterwise Affiliates, either through the Product Affiliate package or as an add-on to the Engagement Affiliate package.

“This international expansion builds on over 20 years of success,” said Chris Philpot, CEO of The Water Conservancy. “Smart Drop provides a unique and credible way to identify and promote water-efficient products that fall outside mandatory labelling schemes.”

“Smart Drop provides a unique and credible way to identify and promote water-efficient products that fall outside mandatory labelling schemes.” Chris Philpot, CEO, The Water Conservancy

WATERWISE IRRIGATION PROGRAMS FOLLOW US ON SOCIAL MEDIA We post endorsed member spotlights, tips and tricks and any upcoming events weekly on Facebook and LinkedIn. We encourage you to like, follow and share our posts throughout your network!

The certification process involves quarterly assessment by an expert panel, including UK representation. Products must meet stringent criteria, including verified water-saving performance, regulatory compliance, and environmental sustainability.

Certified products gain the right to display the Smart Drop logo across packaging and promotional materials.

Waterwise CEO Nicci Russell welcomed the partnership, noting, “Smart Drop gives these products a credible, evidence-based way to stand out. It’s a natural fit for our Affiliates and another way we’re helping people and organisations to value water.”

Find more information here and read the full media release here.

About the Water Conservancy The Water Conservancy is an independent organisation dedicated to reducing water wastage through collaboration and innovation.

By partnering with sector experts, it gathers insights that inform the co-development of forward-thinking programs, practical resources, and applied research. These initiatives support the delivery of expert guidance and facilitation across Australia and internationally. www.waterconservancy.org

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BUSINESS

REMINDER: INTENTIONAL WAGE UNDERPAYMENTS CAN BE A CRIMINAL OFFENCE

RIGHT TO DISCONNECT LAWS ARE NOW IN EFFECT FOR SMALL AND LARGE BUSINESSES Large employers have been subject to this law since August 2024 – now, small businesses are required to meet the same obligations.

• What’s changing: Employees in small businesses can legally refuse to respond to work-related contact outside their hours, unless refusal is unreasonable.

• Implications: Irrigation businesses with admin or field staff should review rostering and communication protocols to ensure compliance.

Source: Fairwork Commission | Website

REMINDER: CASUAL EMPLOYMENT CONVERSION PATHWAY Since August 2024, changes to the National Employment Standards (NES) have introduced a formal pathway for eligible casual employees to request permanent employment. Known as the employee choice pathway, this replaces the previous rules for casual conversion. To initiate the process, a casual must: • Have worked for at least 6 months (or 12 months in a small business), and • Believe they no longer meet the definition of a casual employee.

Employers must respond to written notices and may only refuse on specific grounds.

Source: Fairwork Ombudsman | Website

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Contact JASMINE LE LIEVRE-ADAMS at Tel: 07 3517 4000 Email: info@irrigation.org.au

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Source: Fairwork Ombudsman | Website

REMINDER: SUPERANNUATION CHANGES NOW IN EFFECT FOR EMPLOYERS AND NEW PARENTS From 1 July 2025, the Super Guarantee rate increased to 12 per cent, requiring employers to raise super contributions for eligible employees. For births and adoptions occurring on or after this date, the government will also contribute 12 per cent super on top of its paid parental leave payments.

Source: Janine Mace, 1 July 2025, SUPERGUIDE

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J O U R N A

From 1 January 2025, intentional underpayment of wages or entitlements may now be considered a criminal offence.

An employer can be an individual or a company. Honest mistakes are not included.

SUSTAINABL PRACTICES: E dealing with plastic waste ON THE COVER:

NEW LOOK SHARPER CONTEN SAME SOLIDT EXPERTISE

Wastewater irrigation on a landfill sit e IN THIS ISSU

E

Tailored traini ng: One New column: Menta size doesn’t fit all l health in focus Emerging leade r: An interview with Stephen Jenni

ngs

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M E N T A L H E A LT H

Creating a supportive team environment  BY STUART ALEXANDER

At Irrigation Australia, we’re committed to growing the number of trained Mental Health First Aiders in our team.

As a member-based organisation and RTO, we’re in a unique position to connect with people right across the Irrigation Industry - from experienced industry leaders and long-time members, to supporters, sponsors, new entrants, and students in training.

Each brings their own life experiences, perspectives, and challenges.

We actively encourage conversations about mental health, making space for them in our workplace, including check-in moments during staff meetings, and including them into our training sessions whenever we can.

Of course, these conversations don’t always flow perfectly - and that’s okay. What matters is having a supportive team and the confidence to keep the dialogue going.

Normalising mental health conversations plays a big part in building a stronger, more connected industry - and making sure that, when things get tough, we can help keep it all together.

We’ve already looked at how cultural background influences the way people experience and talk about mental health, and what to say when you’re worried about a mate. Now let’s take it one step further – knowing what to say is important but creating a culture where those conversations

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This article is part of a broader series exploring how we can better support one another in the irrigation industry. If you’d like to follow the full series, subscribe to Irrigation Australia’s free e-News for more insights and practical tips.

feel safe and welcome is where the real change happens.

“That’s not how we do things here” can go a long way.

1. Lead by example

4. Recognise effort, not just outcomes

Team culture doesn’t come from posters in the lunchroom; it comes from what we do every day. If you’re in a leadership or senior role, be real about how you’re doing.

Take breaks, show respect and normalise checking in with others.

When people feel valued, they’re more likely to speak up if something’s not right.

Celebrate the little wins. Notice when someone goes the extra mile, or when they show up even on the tough days.

When leaders are real, it gives everyone else permission to do the same.

2. Make space for conversations This doesn’t mean scheduling weekly heartto-hearts. It means being open. Say g’day in the mornings. Ask how the team’s travelling.

Encourage five-minute check-ins over a coffee or toolbox talk. A favourite at Irrigation Australia is to go for a walk, this provides space to have casual conversations without the pressures of the workplace.

You don’t need to turn every chat into a deep conversation, but the more you build trust, the more people will feel they can speak up when it counts.

3. Call out toxic behaviour (respectfully) Workplaces that tolerate bullying, exclusion, or “just toughen up” mindsets aren’t safe, and people won’t speak up in them.

Calling things out respectfully helps keep your team accountable. A quiet word like

It’s not about fluff; it’s about self-confidence and team morale.

5. Know what support looks like Make sure your team knows where to turn if they’re struggling – whether it’s a supervisor, a Mental Health First Aider, or reaching out to a service like TIACS. Awareness is great, but access is better.

At the end of the day, irrigation systems run best when they’re checked, maintained, and cared for, and people are no different.

Occasionally we need to audit our own operating system, and make sure we’re not running on empty, ignoring the warning signs, or overdue for a bit of maintenance ourselves.

Let’s keep building a workplace culture that supports our people, not just our productivity.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR: With more than two decades in the irrigation industry, Stuart Alexander brings technical know-how and genuine care to his role as Senior Trainer and Assessor for Irrigation Australia. He writes regularly for Irrigation Australia’s Journal and e-News.

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BOOKSHELF NSW RECYCLED WATER ROADMAP: STEERING A WATER SECURE FUTURE Strategic priorities Being the most populous state in Australia¹, water recycling will inevitably play an essential role in New South Wales’ response to climate change, urban growth and future water supply. The Recycled Water Roadmap (June 2025) outlines a two-year action plan to fast-track urgent adoption of recycled water, address regulatory and community barriers, and support water security solutions across the state.

The Roadmap identifies five key priorities supported by 14 targeted actions:

Why it matters

3. Co-ordination and regulatory change – Establish Australia’s Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water as a central coordination agency and simplify approval pathways.

Significant population growth, rising water demand, and frequent drought are putting NSW’s traditional water sources under pressure. Recycled water offers a rainfallindependent solution to enhance resilience, enable urban cooling and greening, reduce wastewater discharge, and supply fit-forpurpose water for emerging industries, such as data centres².

1. Early strategic planning – Integrate recycled water into urban planning and infrastructure decisions early.

2. Economic tools and guidance – Provide standardised cost-benefit frameworks and planning support to utilities.

4. Resources and collaboration – Expand training and collaboration, particularly for regional utilities and councils.

5. Public engagement and national guidelines – Invest in community engagement and education to build trust in purified recycled water.

CURRENT LANDSCAPE Less than 10 per cent of supplied water in NSW is recycled – mostly for agriculture and irrigation.

Recycled water is provided by the metropolitan water utilities, local water utilities in regional NSW and by private water utilities in metropolitan developments.

Centralised and decentralised schemes coexist, with interesting local models in Orange, Sydney and Western Sydney. View the report for case studies.

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The Recycled Water Roadmap focuses on how we can support delivery of recycled water for both drinking and non-drinking uses. Planning which effectively aligns treated water quality to desired end uses is crucial to ensure best value from investment.

Community engagement Acceptance of recycled water is growing.

The report says that 77 per cent of Lower Hunter consultation participants were open to exploring purified recycled water for drinking. Visitor centres like Sydney Water’s Quakers Hill Discovery Centre have been valuable in shifting negative public perceptions.

Vision for 2050 and beyond NSW’s commitment to recycled water signals a much-needed pivot toward climate-resilient cities and sustainable communities. The Roadmap envisions a future where: • Recycled water is considered equally with other supply options.

• Purified water supplements drinking water.

• Communities actively participate in shaping sustainable water solutions.

The Roadmap is an important foundational step toward a secure water future in NSW. Read the full report here.

Sources Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water NSW, June 2025, Recycled Water Roadmap | Report 1 Australin Bureau of Statistics, December 2024, National, state and territory population | Website 2 Arup, 29 May 2025, How can we cut water consumption in data centres? | Australian Water Association Website.

Accessed 8 August 2025.

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IRRIGATION AUSTRALIA PO Box 484, Morningside Queensland 4170 T 07 3517 4000 E info@irrigation.org.au W www.irrigationaustralia.com.au

Meet the Team

DAVE CAMERON Chief Executive Officer IAL Brisbane Office Dave.cameron@irrigation.org.au

NAOMI CARRAGHER Business Manager/Company Secretary IAL Brisbane Office Naomi.carragher@irrigation.org.au

STUART ALEXANDER Senior Trainer & Assessor IAL Brisbane Office Stuart.alexander@irrigation.org.au

MARIKE FRONEMAN Accountant IAL Brisbane Office Marike.froneman@irrigation.org.au

NATALIE CUNNINGHAM Training Administrator IAL Brisbane Office Natalie .cunningham@irrigation.org.au

REBECCA NEW Membership Manager IAL Perth Office Rebecca.new@irrigation.org.au

ASHLEIGH LANG Training and Funding Coordinator IAL Brisbane Office Ashleigh.lang@irrigation.org.au

I R R I GAT I O N A U ST R A L I A J O U R N A L PRODUCTION TEAM

I R R I GAT I O N A U ST R A L I A BOARD OF DIRECTORS

EDITORIAL Editor Gemma Nardone E hello@mytinyhq.com.au

CHAIR Simon Treptow DEPUTY CHAIR Valentina Tripp,

ADVERTISING Jasmine Le Lievre-Adams T (07) 3517 4000 E info@irrigation.org.au

DIRECTORS Matthew Binder Peter Brueck Greig Graham Clinton Hort Rob Nadebaum Gennaro Vellotti Carl Walters Lucy Wilson

DESIGN & PRODUCTION Bubble Creative T 0416 087 412 E annette@bubblecreative.com.au

TERMS & CONDITIONS Advertising in this journal is managed by Irrigation Australia. Advertising enquiries should be directed to Irrigation Australia. No special consideration will be given to any advertisers as far as editorial content or front cover material is concerned. Decisions about editorial content and the front cover are the prerogative of the editor and the National Board of Irrigation Australia takes no responsibility for the technical accuracy of article content.