Study of Energy Saving Potential through ISO 50002:2014 Energy Audit at Fuel Oil Storage Terminal in by IRJET Journal

Study of Energy Saving Potential through ISO 50002:2014 Energy Audit at Fuel Oil Storage Terminal in East Kutai, East Kalimantan

Kun Wibowo1, Jaka Windarta2, Sri Widodo Agung Suedy3

123Master of Energy, Graduate School, Diponegoro University, Semarang City, Indonesia ***

Abstract - Energy conversion is important for the development of technology and modern life and has a significant impact on improving energy performance in equipment or systems that use very large amounts of energy. This study was conducted using the ISO 50002:2014 method, which is a standard for defining minimum requirements that lead to identifying opportunities to improve energy performancesuchas determining EnPI(EnergyPerformance Indicator), determining SEU (Significant Energy Use), and measuringenergyperformanceinequipmentthatusesenergy. IntheCompany'sactivities, theenergy consumed iselectrical energy of 93.88% and solar power of 6.12% with Significant Energy Uses (SEU) being the HVAC-1 system (22.92%) and HVAC-2 (19.52%). And the other largest electrical loads are non-UPS and lighting (17.81% and 14.64%). The EnPI value for activities ranges from 0.0031-0.0049 GJ/kL with an average energy cost of Rp. 49,368,512,-/month and productivity cost intensity of Rp. 1,176.99,-/kL. For office activities, the average is Rp. 8,496,860,-/month with energy cost intensity of Rp. 24,207.58,-/m2/month. To improve optimalenergyperformance,theCompanycantargettheEnPI value in the range of 0.0022 GJ/kL with a B30 distribution value of 47,000-53,000 kL/month. This performance improvement can be done by improving the quality of electrical voltage, replacing lamps in the work space, and managing energy in the air conditioning system.

Key Words: Energy Conservation, EnPI, SEU, ISO 50002:2014, HVAC

1.INTRODUCTION

Asenvironmentalawarenessincreases,energyconservation has become a frequently discussed topic. Energy conservationisnotonlyanefforttoreduceenergyuse,but alsoaninseparablepartoftheworld'seffortstoavoidthe negativeimpactsofglobalwarmingandclimatechange.The Indonesian government through Government Regulation Number 33 of 2023 concerning Energy Conservation has regulated the implementation of energy conservation. Referring to Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia No. 33 of 2023, energy conservation is a systematic,planned,andintegratedefforttoconservestate resources and increase the efficiency of their use. Energy conservationcanbeachievedthroughefficientuseofenergy, includingbyimplementingenergy-savingbehavior.Energy conservationisveryimportantbecausetheimpactsofglobal warming and climate change are increasingly visible.

Moreover,theincreaseinglobalwarmingiscausedbyhigh energyconsumption.

Theanalysisthatwillbeconductedinthisstudyisableto manageandutilizeenergyattheFuelOilTerminalsothata pictureoftheperformanceofenergyuserunitsisobtained sothatthepotentialforincreasingenergyperformancecan be known. In addition, this study also provides efficiency valuesonSEU(SignificantEnergyUsed)equipmentsothat anEnPI(EnergyPerformanceIndicator)pictureisobtained whichcanbeusedasareferenceforoptimizingperformance inproductivityactivities[10] .

2. METHODOLOGY

This study uses quantitative methods[11]. Quantitative approachesareusedtoanalyzeaphenomenonsystematically based on secondary and primary data. In this study, for historicaldataonenergyuseandproduction,researchersuse statistical techniques. For the analysis of Specific Energy Consumption(SEC)&EnergyPerformanceIndicators(EnPI), energyconsumptiondatawillbecollectedthenplottedina tableinMSExcelandthenanalyzedforcorrelationusingthe linearregressionmethod.Secondarydatacollectionisbased onhistoricaldataonenergyuseandproductionattheBBM Terminalforthelast3(three)yearsanddataonequipment specificationsthatusesignificantenergy.Whileprimarydata collectioniscarriedoutbymeasuringelectricalandthermal parameters and light intensity to obtain actual data on conditionsinthefieldsothataccurateandrealinformationis obtained.

3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

Whenviewedfromtheenergydistributionside,theuseof electricalenergyisintendedforallelectricalactivitiesand equipment,whiletheuseofsolarenergyisintendedforthe operation ofall diesel engines.Basedontheresultsofthe search for the use of energy sources, the following is a descriptionoftheenergyreferencesystem.

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RawPowerPanel

PowerDistributionBoard

IndustrialWaterUnloadingPump(P-314;3kW)

OilWaterDrawoffPump(P-324;5,5kW)

SlopeOilTransferPump(P-319;4kW)

OilyWaterPump(P-321;1,5kW)

Tank&PipelineStrippingPump(P-315;45kW)

OilyWaterTransferPump(P-317;15kW)

TreatedWaterTransferPump(P-318;11kW)

SlopeOilPump(P-320;15kW)

ServiceWaterPump(P-323;11kW)

InterTankTransferPump(P-312;75kW)

LightingTransformer(Normal)

HVACDB-1

HVACDB-2

MOV-DB

LightingTransformer(Emergency)

UPSIncommer-1

UPSIncommer-2

UPSByPassSupply BatteryChargerIncommer-1 AuxilarySupplyforDG

Depressurization/LeakDetectionPackage \ FireWaterJockyPump-1(P-301A;15kW) FireWaterJockyPump-2(P-301B;15kW) DieselBoosterPump

(P-313A;45kW)

TreatedWaterTransferPumpfromSiteDisposalPond(P-322A;15kW)

TreatedWaterTransferPumpfromSiteDisposalPond(P-322B;15kW) JettyTransferPump(P-311;110kW)

PSEStation

TBCT(TanjungBaraCoalTerminal) TBFT(TanjungBaraFuelTerminal)

Fig -1:Energyreferencesystem

Fromthedescriptionoftheenergyreferencesystem,certain energyusagepatternscanbeidentified.Thedescriptionof energyusagepatternscanbeidentifiedfromhistoricaldata or from monitoring data. Based on energy usage data, the descriptionofenergyusageprofilesisasfollows.

Fromthedescriptionofenergyusagepatterns,itcanbeseen that most of the energy usage is using electrical energy, which is around 93.88%, while the use of diesel is only 6.12%ofthetotalenergyusage.

Fromthe energyusagedata,theaverageelectrical energy consumedis40,617.84kWh/month,whiletheaveragediesel consumptionis26.80liters/month.

Basedontheelectricityusagedataforeachloadpath,itis obtainedthattheoverallelectricityloadismostlyborneby the HVAC system where the load is the air conditioning system for the substation and office. From the electricity usage data for the total electricity load, the following is a descriptionoftheuseofelectricalenergy.

Chart -1:Totalenergyusageprofile

Basedonthetotalenergyusagedata,itcanbeseenthatthe largesttotalenergyusageoccurredinAugust2023,which was 201.61 GJ, while the lowest energy usage occurred in February2021,whichwas126.78GJ.Thisvalueisbasedon theconversionofeachenergyunitintoGJsothattheenergy value can be equated to find out the comparison of the amount of energy consumption from each energy source consumed.

Chart -2:Electricalenergyconsumption

Fig -2:Energyusagepatterns

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Fromthedescriptionoftheuseofelectricalenergy,itcanbe seen that the largest electrical load or commonly called SignificantEnergyUses(SEU)isbornebytheHVAC-1and HVAC-2systems.TheHVAC-1systemisanairconditioning system for the main substation building and the HVAC-2 systemisanairconditioningsystemforofficebuildings.And otherlargeelectricalloadsarenon-UPSandlighting.

Dieselfuelisanenergysourceusedforgenerators,official vehiclesandotherdieselengines.Basedondieselusagedata, itcanbeseenthat thelargestusageischargedtothePSE Terminal,whichis45.49%andtherestisusedintherare TBCTareaof31.30%andtheTBFTareaof23.21%.When viewedfromthedieselusagearea,forthePSETerminalarea thelargestdieselusageischargedtothe500kVAgenerator equipment,whichis78.44%.IntheTBCTarea,thelargest dieselusageischargedtothefirepumpequipment(P-303) which is 87.28% and for the TBFT area the largest diesel usageischargedtothe60kVAgeneratorequipment,which is97.07%.

-4:EnergyPerformanceIndicator(EnPI)

FromthedescriptionoftheEnergyConsumptionIntensity value,itcanbeseenthattheEnPIvaluetendstofluctuate, which is around 0.0031-0.0049 GJ/kL. If seen from the average EnPI value, it can be seen that the average EnPI valueis0.0037GJ/kL.

To determine the target EnPI value formula that must be achieved each month, it can be determined using the followingequation:

EnPITarget: y=5.10-12x2-5.10-7+0.0147

Where:x=B30distributionvalue[kL]

EnPITargetinB30DistributionProcess

Chart -3:Fuelconsumption

Fromthetotaldieselfuelusageload,itcanbeseenthatthe largestdieselfuelusageisbornebythe500kVAgeneratorat 35.68%,thefirewaterpump(P-303)at27.32%,andthe60 kVA generator at 22.53%. The large amount of diesel fuel usageforthe500kVAgeneratorprovidesanillustrationthat theelectricityconditionsintheCompanyoftenexperience poweroutages.Theuseofthefirewaterpumpisoperated forfireextinguishingsimulationswhichareroutinelycarried outeverymonth.

Basedonthedataonelectricityanddieseloilusageforthe Company's activities, the actual EnPI value can be determined. From the actual IKE value, the average EnPI valueandtheoptimalEnPIthatmustbeachievedcanalsobe determinedbasedontheparametersofenergyusageforits activities.

Fig -2:OptimalIKEtargetvalue

Fromthisvalue,candeterminetheEnPItargetbasedonthe productivityvalueofB30distributioneachmonth.

Chart

Based on the description of the projected value of B30 distribution productivity against the EnPI value, it can be seenthattheoptimalB30distributionproductivityvalueis in the range of 47,000-53,000 kL with an EnPI value of 0.0022GJ/kL.

A. Lighting System

From the measurement results, it is known that the light intensity value in each workspace is that almost all workspaces have low light intensity values, where the lightinglevelintheroomisstillbelowstandard,eventhough whenviewedfromthelightingintensity,mostoftherooms are very spacious. However, the lighting intensity value is stillconsideredlackingiftheworklightinglevelhasnotbeen met. In order for the lighting problems that arise to be handledproperly,thefactorsthatmustbeconsideredare: lighting sources, workers in doing their jobs, the type of workdoneandtheoverallworkenvironment.

Table

Fromtheresultsoftheevaluationofthelightinglevelneeds oftheworkspace,itcanbeseenthatalmostallworkspaces

havenotbeenmet.Therefore,todeterminethenumberof lumensneededandthenumberoflightpointdistributions,it canbedeterminedasfollows.

Table -3:Increasinglightinglevelsintheworkspace

Ifthelightingsystemoftheworkspaceisreplacedwiththe typeoflamptoLEDlamps,thentheelectricalloadforthe lighting system will automatically be reduced by about 940.90kWh/monthorabout69%oftheelectricalloadofthe existing lamps. In addition, the level of lighting in the workspacecanbemaintainedsothatcomfortcanbemet.

B. Air Conditioning System

Airconditioningsystemisoneoftheinseparableneedsofa building. This air conditioning system aims to meet the healthandcomfortofbuildingoccupantswhilestillpaying attentiontoenergyefficiency.Therefore,buildingsmustbe well designed to accommodate occupants throughout the yearcomfortablyandenergyefficientlyaccordingtoclimate conditions.Thisthermalcomfortcanbeobtainedwithoutair conditioningorwithairconditioning.

Based on the condition of the currently installed AC equipment,itisknownthattheACintensityvalueismostly still excessive (over design) above the standard value (35 Watt/m2). From the condition of the equipment with excessive AC intensity value, technically the level of room comfort should be achieved. From the results of the load survey on room conditions, namely temperature and humidity values, several work spaces still have low temperaturesexceptfortheserverroom/controlroom,this canbeseenfromthecomfortvaluewhichisstillbelowthe limit.

TheconceptofCOPorCoefficientofPerformanceisthesame as Efficiency which states the comparison between the desiredresultsandexpenditure.TheCOPvalueisdirectly proportional to the cooling impact and inversely proportionaltothecompressionwork.Basedonthesedata, theACperformancevaluesareasfollows.

-2: Roomlightingfluxvaluesintheworkspace

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Table -4: ACsystemperformance

MCQuay

TheACperformanceisgood

For central AC units (split duct), design the installed AC equipment according to the cooling load requirements. Installed split duct AC capacity: 29.3 kW or equivalent to 99,971.60BTU/h

Becausethereare2(two)ACunitsinstalled,thetotalcooling capacity is 199,943.20 BTU/h, so it can be said that the splitductACisinstalledaccordingtoitsneeds.

C. Electrical System

Based on the observation results, it is known that the electricalsystematPSEusesanelectricalconnectionfrom PT KPC with a connected power of 1,250 kVA where the electrical energy is distributed for daily B30 distribution activities and offices such as for Air Conditioning (AC) equipment,lighting(lamps),computerequipment,printers, faxmachines,photocopiers,andotherofficeequipment.

A. Electric Voltage

Ifviewedfromtheelectricalvoltageprofile,itcanbeseen thatthevalueoftheelectricalvoltagereceivedisstilllow, whichis<230Voltsperphaseorifviewedfromthe3phase load, the average working voltage received is 376 Volts (<400 Volts). The low value of the electrical voltage can causeanincreaseinthevalueoftheelectricalcurrentsothat electricityusagebecomesgreater.

Table -5: Mainelectricalvoltagemeasurementdata

Ifviewed fromthe%unbalance voltageorsupplyvoltage balance value, it looks good, because the average % unbalance voltage value is 0.05-0.18%. This value is still below the required standard value of 3% (IEEC 519 standard). From the description of the electrical voltage value,itcanbeseenthattheelectricalvoltagevalueisstill low(<380Volts),thereforetoincreasetheelectricalvoltage value, a stabilizer can be installed according to the Company'selectricityneeds.Basedontheevaluationresults, itisrecommendedthat the installedstabilizerunithavea capacityof150kVA.

B. Electric Current

Basedontheresultsofdirectmeasurementsoftheelectrical load,itcanbeseenthatthecurrentorelectricalloadstillhas ahighunbalancevalueorcanbesaidtoexceedthespecified limitof20%.Iftracedbasedonthemeasurementresults,the largecurrentimbalancevaluecomesfromtheelectricalload oftheofficeareawheretheofficeelectricalequipmentis1 phase electrical equipment. If the distribution of loads between phases (RST) is not balanced, it will cause an unbalancedcurrentvalue.Thefollowingisadescriptionof theelectriccurrentprofile.

Table -6: Mainelectriccurrentmeasurementdata

Fromtheunbalancedcurrentvalue,itcanbeseenthatthe unbalanced current value can reach 35.66%. The current imbalancevalueisstillhigh,whichisindicatedtocomefrom 1-phaseequipment,namelyofficeACequipmentwhoseload isontheSphaseandTphase.

C. Electricity Usage

Basedontheelectricalloadprofile,itcanbeseenthatthe highest load is 77 kW. When viewed from the installed electricalpower(1,250kVA),theelectricityabsorptionvalue

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isonly6%.Thisvalueillustratesthatelectricityabsorptionis notoptimal.

Table -7: Totalelectricalloadmeasurementdata

4. CONCLUSIONS

TheactualvalueofB30distributionproductivityis33,43853,474 kL with an EnPI (Energy Performance Indicator) value of 0.0031-0.0049 GJ/kL. To optimize energy performanceinproductivity,B30distributionisoptimizedat thelevelof47,000-53,000kLwithanEnPIvalueof0.0022 GJ/kL.

Intermsofelectricityusage,thecurrentimbalancevalueis stillhigh(>20%),thereforetooptimizeenergyperformance, reinstallation or rewiring can be done on the electrical networkfor1-phaseloads.Tooptimizeenergyperformance intheworkspace,theworkspacelightscanbereplacedfrom TL-36 to TL LED-18. Determination of the light point suggests placing the lights right above the work desk and using a frame that uses a reflector with a new design, without light channeling fins. In addition, to improve the qualityoftheelectricvoltage,astabilizer(150kVA)canbe installedaccordingtotheCompany'selectricityneeds.

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Volume: 12 Issue: 05 | May 2025 www.irjet.net p-ISSN:2395-0072

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