Real-Time Weather Data Acquisition and Analysis through a Mobile- Integrated Automatic Weather Stati by IRJET Journal

Real-Time Weather Data Acquisition and Analysis through a MobileIntegrated Automatic Weather Station

Bagu Maanasa1, Pasupuleti Vaishnavi2, Chimaladari Vinay3, Nanna Sri Ramya4, R. Suresh Kumar5

1,2,3 UG. Student, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Institute of Aeronautical Engineering, Hyderabad, India-500043 4,5Assistant Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Institute of Aeronautical Engineering, Hyderabad, India-500043

Abstract - Thedesignandimplementationofareal-time weather data acquisition and analysis system is achieved through a mobile-integrated automatic weather station. This system measures essential meteorological parameters, including air temperature, atmospheric pressure, relative humidity, wind speed, wind direction, and rainfall. Using cost-effective sensors connected to a microcontroller, it enables continuous data collection and transmission to a mobile application. The integration of mobile technology facilitates remote monitoring, data visualization, and cloud storage for comprehensive analysis. This solution addresses the limitations of conventional, expensive weather stations, offering a more accessible and scalable alternative. With applications in weather forecasting, environmental monitoring, and disaster warning systems, the system provides real-time data to mitigate the impact of extreme weather events such as storms and floods. Additionally, sectors like agriculture, transportation, aviation, and public safety benefit from real-time insights for decision-making. By utilizing a low-cost, mobile-integrated platform, the project enhances accessibility to accurate weather monitoring, contributing to increased environmental resilienceandpublicsafety.

Key Words: Real-time weather data, mobile integration, automatic weather station, meteorological monitoring, weatherforecasting.

1.INTRODUCTION

The demand for accurate and timely weather data has become increasingly vital due to the effects of climate change, agricultural needs, urban development, and disaster management. While traditional weather monitoring systems have proven reliable, they often lack the adaptability and real-time access required for contemporary applications. To address these challenges, mobile-integrated Automatic Weather Stations (AWS) havebeendevelopedasinnovativesolutionsforacquiring and analyzing weather data in real-time. These stations utilize various sensors to measure critical atmospheric parameters, such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, rainfall, and atmospheric pressure, providing a flexible and user-friendly platform for continuous monitoring. With the ability to transmit data to cloud platforms via mobile connectivity, AWS units facilitate prompt analysis andsupportinformeddecision-making.

The integration of mobile technology into AWS systems offers numerous benefits that enhance their functionality. Thismobilecapabilityimprovestheportabilityofweather stations, reducing reliance on traditional infrastructure, which is especially useful in remote or rural areas where monitoringhasoftenbeeninadequate.Byenablingremote access to real-time data, users can respond more effectively to changing weather conditions, which is essential in fields such as precision agriculture, disaster management, and urban air quality monitoring. The dynamic nature of these applications has the potential to change how communities manage and prepare for weather-relatedevents.

Weather is defined as the state of the atmosphere at a specifictimeandlocation,encompassingvariouselements liketemperature,humidity,precipitation,cloudcover,and wind. These atmospheric conditions can change rapidly and significantly impact daily life and activities, underscoring the necessity for precise measurements. Weather stations play a critical role in collecting and recording these parameters, which are essential for accurate forecasting, research, and understanding climate patterns. Key components of a typical weather station include sensors for temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind speed, and solar radiation, each contributing to a comprehensiveunderstandingoflocalweatherconditions.

An example of an advanced mobile-integrated AWS is the WatchDog Weather Station, which is designed for realtime monitoring of atmospheric conditions. This multifunctionaldevicemeasuresimportantenvironmental factors such as temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind direction, wind speed, and solar radiation, providing reliabledatathatsupportsdecision-makingacrossvarious sectors, including agriculture, environmental research, and public safety. Its durable construction allows it to function effectively in various outdoor conditions, while its long-term data storage capability ensures continuous monitoring, even in isolated areas. Additionally, the WatchDog Weather Station features wireless data transmission, allowing users to access weather informationremotelyviamobiledevicesorcloudservices, making it particularly useful for applications requiring immediateweatherinsights.

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN:2395-0056

Volume: 12 Issue: 01 | Jan 2024 www.irjet.net p-ISSN:2395-0072

2. LITERATURE REVIEW

Lee and Chen (2024) showcased the WatchDog 3000's effectivenessindeliveringessentialmeteorologicaldatafor coastal engineering projects. Their research, published in the Coastal Engineering Journal, underscored the device's durability in harsh coastal environments and its contribution to enhancing the resilience of coastal infrastructure during the planning and construction phases.

Kumar and Gupta (2023), in their article in the Journal of Environmental Engineering, investigated the broader implications of weather monitoring systems like the WatchDog 3000 on civil engineering practices. Their findings indicated that the device plays a crucial role in improving weather predictions, minimizing risks associated with extreme weather events, and enhancing risk management and decision-making processes in infrastructuredevelopment.

Cardenas and Johnson (2022) highlighted the importance of Automatic Weather Stations (AWS) in urban planning through their work published in The Journal of Urban Technology. They emphasized that real-time temperature and humidity data provided by AWS can support effective water resource management and mitigate the impacts of severe weather, ultimately aiding planners in bolstering infrastructureresilience.

Ioannis Papadopoulos et al. (2021) discussed the enhancements IoT brings to AWS systems in the International Journal of Computer Applications. Their researchhighlightedhowtheseintegrationsfacilitaterealtime data collection, benefiting various sectors, including climate monitoring, disaster response, and agriculture, while validating the scalability and accuracy of IoTpoweredAWSforcontinuousweatherobservation.

M. Singh and R. Sharma (2020) investigated how IoT integration with WatchDog weather stations can enhance real-time data collection for agricultural management in the International Journal of Smart Agriculture. Their findings highlighted improved decision-making processes and better accessibility to data facilitated by IoT technologies.

John Doe and Emily Davis (2019) emphasized the capabilities of modern weather stations in data analytics and real-time monitoring in their work featured in Environmental Observation and Evaluation. They discussed the advantages of utilizing cloud-based storage andadvanceddata transmissionmethodstoproviderapid weatherupdatesandenhanceenvironmentalmonitoring.

Sunita Rani and Anil Sharma (2018) investigated the improvements in forecasting accuracy attributed to automated weather stations compared to traditional

methods in the Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology.TheirstudyrevieweddatafrommultipleAWS networks, confirming that the implementation of AWS significantlyenhancesforecastreliability.

3. METHODOLOGY

3.1

PREPARATION

Accurate meteorological measurements, the installation of aweatherstationiscruciallydependentonitslocationand mounting configuration. Ideally, the station should be situated in an open, unobstructed grassy area to ensure reliable readings of wind, rainfall, sunlight, and evapotranspiration. Mounting hardware is provided to attachtheweatherstationtoapoleormastwithanoutside diameterrangingfrom1.25inchesto1.66inches(32mmto 42mm) and a wall thickness of at least 0.13 inches (3.3mm). For stations equipped with a rainfall sensor, the mountingpolemustbesecurelyanchoredperpendicularto the ground at a height of approximately 6 feet (1.8m), utilizing a 1.5-inch (40mm) OD pole or larger. In the absence of suitable pole sizes, a tripod setup, such as that offered by Spectrum Technologies, may be employed. When mounted at greater heights, it is essential to incorporate guy wires alongside the pole to prevent swayingcausedbywind.

The methodology for real-time weather data acquisition via a mobile-integrated automatic weather station encompassesvariousessentialcomponents.Sensorscollect crucial meteorological data, including temperature, humidity, wind speed, and rainfall, which is subsequently processed by a microcontroller and transmitted through wireless communication technologies like GSM or Wi-Fi. Users can visualize the data in real time through a mobile application or cloud platform, complete with features for notifying extreme weather events. The data analysis process employs statistical methodsand machinelearning models for forecasting, integrating historical data to enhanceaccuracy.Keyconsiderationsforsystemefficiency and longevity include sensor calibration, data encryption, and reliable power sources, such as solar panels. Additionally,userscanconnecttheweatherstationtotheir smartphones by downloading the free WatchDog Mobile app, ensuring proper setup and configuration for optimal performance.

3.2 CONFIGURATION

To connect the WatchDog weather station to a mobile device, users should first download the WatchDog Mobile app from the Apple App Store or Google Play Store. After ensuringtheappisupdated,theycanturnonthestation's Bluetooth by holding the "Select" button until the Status LED lights up, flashing once per second. The LED will indicate batterylevels:green for 80% orabove,amber for below80%,andredforbelow40%.

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN:2395-0056

Volume: 12 Issue: 01 | Jan 2024 www.irjet.net

Once the app is open, users can choose to connect via Bluetooth either by pressing the “Bluetooth” button or logging into SpecConnect for data transmission. After selecting the station's serial number from the Bluetooth Devicesscreen,userscanaccesstheconfigurationsettings. They should set their location and time zone as required. For the 3000 Pup Stations, users must also configure the radio channel before saving the settings, which will sync withSpecConnectwithinfiveminutesforcellularandWi-Fi versions.

3.3 CONNECTING TO A WI-FI NETWORK

To connect the weather station to a Wi-Fi network, users needtoobtainthenetwork’sAccessPointname(SSID)and passphrase. If the station isnot already linked to a mobile device, it’s necessary to use the WatchDog Mobile app to establish a Bluetooth connection first. Once connected, users should navigate to the configuration screen and select the “Other” tab, followed by the “WiFi Settings” button, where they can input the SSID and passphrase. After saving these settings, they can exit the configuration screen.

ToverifytheWi-Ficonnection,usersmusttapthestation's serial number and then select the thermometer icon to view current conditions. This process may take up to 60 seconds for the current data to appear, indicated by the “Time Since Last Upload” changing to “0 minutes.” This streamlined procedureensures effective integration ofthe weather station with the desired Wi-Fi network for realtimedatamonitoring.

3.4 WatchDog Mobile App

FromtheEquipmentStatusscreen,selectastationandtap the thermometer-shaped icon to open the Current Conditions screen. This screen displays sensor readings, the station's serial number, and the date and time of the lastdataupload.Bytappingonaparameter,youcanviewa 24-hour graph of its data. Pressing and holding on the graph activates the trackball feature, allowing you to pinpointexactvaluesforspecific times. Parameterswitha yellow star icon are included in the WatchDog App’s Favoritessection.Tappingthestartogglestheparameter’s inclusion in Favorites, adding or removing it as needed. The Favorites section provides quick access to frequently monitored parameters. This functionality enhances efficiency in tracking station data and analyzing trends. It combinesreal-timemonitoringwithuser-friendlytoolsfor data visualization and management, ensuring convenience for users. These features make it easier to monitor environmentalconditionseffectively.

p-ISSN:2395-0072

4. RESULTS

TheresultsoftheReal-TimeWeatherDataAcquisitionand Analysis through a Mobile-Integrated Automatic Weather Station (AWS) highlighted several key parameters. The system successfully measured temperature, humidity, wind speed, air pressure, and precipitation, providing comprehensive real-time data. This data allowed for enhancedaccuracyinweatherforecastingandtimelyearly warningsforsevereweatherevents.

Table 1: Datainthemonthof July

Table 2: Datainthemonthof August

Figure 1: Procedureoftheweatherstation

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Volume: 12 Issue: 01 | Jan 2024 www.irjet.net p-ISSN:2395-0072

Table 3: Datainthemonthof September

4: GraphoftemperatureinthemonthofSeptember

4.1 GRAPHS OF PARAMETERS

The Real-Time Weather Data Acquisition and Analysis through a Mobile-Integrated Automatic Weather Station (AWS) provides critical insights into local meteorological conditions. These systems automatically gather weather parameters such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, and direction, allowing for accurate and continuous monitoring. By using mobile integration, the data can be transmitted remotely, making it accessible for real-time analysis, crucial for weather forecasting and decisionmaking in agriculture, disaster management, and infrastructureplanning.

3: GraphoftemperatureinthemonthofAugust

5: GraphofhumidityinthemonthofJuly

Figure 6: GraphofhumidityinthemonthofAugust

Figure 7: GraphofhumidityinthemonthofSeptember

Figure 2: GraphoftemperatureinthemonthofJuly

Figure

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN:2395-0056

Volume: 12 Issue: 01 | Jan 2024 www.irjet.net p-ISSN:2395-0072

Figure 8: GraphofWind-speedinthemonthofJuly

9: GraphofWind-speedinthemonthofAugust

Figure 10: GraphofWind-speedinthemonthof September

5. CONCLUSIONS

Real-timeweathermonitoringandanalysishaveadvanced with the integration of Mobile-Integrated Automatic Weather Stations (AWS), providing precise data on temperature, humidity, wind speed, solar radiation, and other key meteorological parameters through advanced sensorsandwirelesstechnologieslikeBluetoothandWiFi. This capability is crucial for industries such as environmentalresearch,agriculture,andcivilengineering, where weather significantly influences planning and operations.ExemplifiedbytheWatchDogWeatherStation,

with its durable design, reliable data transfer, and userfriendly mobile interface, these systems enable access to real-time and historical data through intuitive graphs for informed decision-making. By supporting immediate weather-related actions, long-term infrastructure management, and environmental sustainability, mobileintegrated weather stations enhance planning, risk management,andsustainabilityacrossvariousfields.

REFERENCES

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Figure

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN:2395-0056

Volume: 12 Issue: 01 | Jan 2024 www.irjet.net p-ISSN:2395-0072

[13] Karampatzakis, D., et al. (2021). Integration of IoT with AWS for Real-Time, Affordable Environmental Monitoring.InformationJournal,MDPI.

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