International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056 Volume: 09 Issue: 03 | Mar 2022 www.irjet.net p ISSN: 2395 0072 © 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page202
Bytheabovestudyeffectofpartialreplacement of cement withmetakaolinonmechanicalpropertiesrevelsthat cement.toincorporationconsideringconcretetherestrengthmetakaolinpercentagecuringmetakaolin.theperformanceofconcreteisgoodupto25%replacementofThe12.5%replacedmetakaolinwith28dayswillgivemorecompressivestrengththananyreplacementanditisrecommendedtouseupto25%withoutanyobjectionsasitgivesequivalenttonormalconcretestrength,anywaywillbegraduallydecreaseinstrengthof37.5%replacedduetodecreaseinpozzolanicreaction.Byalltheabovepointscanconcludethattheofmetakaolinupto25%ishighlyrecommendedreducethepollutionbydecreasingtheproductionof Words: Metakaolin(MK),Basaltfibers(BF),Workability, Tensile strength, Compression test, Flexural strength, Ductility,MechanicalProperty.
1Assistant professor, Dept of Civil Engineering, St Joseph Engineering College, Vamanjoor 2Student, Dept. of Civil Engineering, St Joseph Engineering College, Vamanjoor 3Student, Dept. of Civil Engineering, St Joseph Engineering College, Vamanjoor 4Student, Dept. of Civil Engineering, St Joseph Engineering College, Vamanjoor ***
Influence of Metakaolin And Basalt
Abstract
1.INTRODUCTION
i) Lou Chen, Keren Zheng and Taobing Xia (2019):
Inthispaperinvestigatedthecombinedeffectofmetakaolin and lime on compressivestrength of concrete by partial replacing the cement with both metakaolin and lime. The detrimentaloftemperaturesstudycuringmethodusedforthisinvestigationissteamcuring.Thealsorevealsthefeasibilityofreducingsteamcuringbyusingmetakaolinofhighreactivity,whichissignificanceformitigatingsteamcuringinducedeffectsandreducingenergyconsumption.
ii) Pratik B. Shinde and P. Y. Pawade (2019):
plainThewerestrengthItcompressivepropertiesmetakaolinCementInthiswork,concretewasmadeupwithPozzolanicPortland(PPC)toproducecontrolmixandfurtherreplacedbywith5,10,15,20%,respectively.Themechanicalofconcretewereassessedbymeansofstrength,flexuralstrengthofconcrete.showshigherresultsincompressivestrengthandflexuralfor15%replacementofMKtocement.Thevalues42.95and45.09Mpaobservedfor28and90days.incrementwaspromisedbyincorporationofMKoverconcrete.
MK by weight of cement were considered. The strength propertiesoftheconcreteswillbedeterminedat7,14and28 days.
Sachin U1 , Bhaskar Reddy V 2 , Akwil Kirijost Fernandes3 , Ibrahim Ashiq4
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
Fibers on Strength of ConcreteAn Experimental Approach
Toidentifythecompressivestrength,splittensile strengthandflexuralstrengthofM30gradefor7, 14 and 28 days with manufacture sand as fine material.aggregateandMetakaolinascementreplacement Toinvestigatethestrengthofconcretebyadding basalt fibers forthe concreteincorporated with metakaolinforeachmix. To achieve the eco friendly concrete by the additionofmetakaolinandbasaltfibers. To reduce the unit cost of concrete by the additionofmetakaolin.
Concrete is a composite material which is predominantly usedallovertheworld.Itisobtainedbymixingcementing materials,aggregatesandwaterinrequiredquantities.The word “concrete” is originated from the Latin verb “concretus”whichmeansto growtogether.Becauseofits mechanicalanddurabilitypropertiestogetherwithitslower costandproperworkability,concreteisthemostwidelyused materialofconstruction.
Key
Threeconcretewithdevelopmentconcrete.cementitiousinterestitssupplementarysoaringbeMetakaolin,cementreducebillionCODuringtheproductionofementitemitsthelargestamountof2.In2016,worldcementproductiongeneratedaround2.2tonsofCO2equivalentto8%ofthetotalpollution.Totheconsumptionofcement,partialreplacementofwithsomesupplementarycementitiousmaterialslikeflyash,ricehusk,GGBSandsilicafumeetc.,canusedinconcretemix.Inrecentyears,therehasbeenainterestintheexploitationofmetakaolin(MK)asacementitiousmaterialinconcretetoimproveproperties.Forlasttwodecades,therehasbeenagrowingintheuseofmetakaolinasasupplementarymaterialtoimpartanadditionalperformancetoInthisstudy,overallstrengthpropertiesbyconcretewithpartialreplacementofcementmetakaolinandbyincorporating2%ofbasaltfiberstoincorporatedwithmetakaolincanbeinvestigated.replacementlevels(12.5%,25%,and37.5%)ofCKand
3. OBJECTIVES
To determine the basic properties of material usedforthemetakaolinandbasaltfiberconcrete.
Fig. 3: Aggregate aggregates20mmanotherNexttothecementandfineaggregatecoarseaggregateisimportantmaterial.Hereweareusing70%ofdownaggregatesand30%of12.5mmdownareusing. Waterusedfor andcuringshallbecleanand freefrominjuriousamountsofoils,acids,alkalis,salts, sugar, organic materials or other substances that may deleterious to the concrete or steel. Portable water is generallyconsideredsatisfactoryformixingconcrete.
Water
Basic Test values for Mix Design No.SL Tests ValuesedObtain Respectivecodes 01. Finenesstestfor Cement 6.80 IS:383 1970 02. Specificgravityfor Cement 3.16 IS2720 PartIII 03. Settingtimeof Cement 30min IS:4013(Part VI) 1988 Diameter 17.4μm Length 6mm TensileStrength >1000Mpa Density >2700kg/m3 ElasticModulus >90Gpa
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056 Volume: 09 Issue: 03 | Mar 2022 www.irjet.net p ISSN: 2395 0072 © 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page203
Fig. 2: Basalt Fibers Manufactured Sand Sand is used as fine aggregate in mortarand concrete. Natural river sand is the mostpreferred choiceasafineaggregatematerial.(Fig.3.)
4. MATERIALSCement Thecementistheimportantmaterialoftheconcrete. cement.ThecementusingforthisexperimentisPozzolanaPortland
Manufactured Sand Coarse
mixing
Table 1: Physical Properties of Basalt Fibers
Metakaolin Metakaolin (MK) is a mineral admixture which confirmsclass Npozzolanicspecifications.(Fig.1.).Itwas prepared,byheatingrawkaolinat600℃ to900oCfor6 hoursandgrindinginhigh speedballmill. Fig 1: Metakaolin Basalt Fibers Basaltfiber(BF)isanewkindofinorganic fibermade bytheextrusionofmeltedbasaltrockandisavailablein thecommercialmarket.Basaltfiberisamaterialmade additives,carbonthansimilarthefromextremelyfinefibersofbasalt,whichiscomposedofmineralsplagioclase,pyroxene,andolivine.Itistofiberglass,havingbettermechanicalpropertiesfiberglass,butbeingsignificantlycheaperthanfiber.TheBFdoesnotcontainanyotherwhichmakesitmoreeconomical.
2.collection
5. METHODOLOGY 1.Literature
Compressive Strength Test Results
Figure 4: Compressive Strength value on 28th day
1. From the figure 4 the early strength of the concrete for metakaolin replaced with 12.5% is more than controlled concrete strengthandotherpercentagereplacement concretestrength.
3. It is also witnessed that the strength of concrete which is replaced by metakaolin with 37.5% is gradually decreased compared to other percentage replaced concreteandconventionalconcrete.
5. From fig 6 for 28 days curing also showing the highest strength in 12.5% metakaolin replacedconcreteof47.4Mpa Strength (N/ 5 0 4 5 4 0 3 5 3 0 2 5 2 0 1 5 1 0 5 0 4 1. 5 4 1 42 35 .7 7 3 2. 8 3 4. 7 3 292 2 8 2 3. 6 1 7. 7 7 14 D a ys 2 8 0% 12.50% 25% 37.50%
concrete 6. EXPERIMENTAL
Discussions on obtained results for compressive strength For the compressive test of metakaolin partially replacedwithcementthefollowingconclusionsmay bedrawn:
4. In the same the strength of conventional concrete and 25% metakaolin replaced concrete is approximately same given by 32.8 and 32Mpa respectively but anyway there will be slight increase in strength of conventionalconcrete.
The variation in 7, 14 and 28days Compressive strength for all concrete mixes with different percentageofmetakaolinand basaltfibersisshown below: Table 3: Compressive Strength value on 28th day .NoSL Percentagereplacement FailureLoad(KN) onCompressionStrength(N/mm2)28thday 47.4 1 42 4 37.5 53 2
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056 Volume: 09 Issue: 03 | Mar 2022 www.irjet.net p ISSN: 2395 0072 © 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page204 04. Particle FineDistributionSizeofAggregate 4.86 IS:383 1970 05. SpecificGravityof Fine Aggregate 2.73 IS:2386(PartIII) 1963 06. SpecificGravityof AggregateCoarse 2.80 IS:2386(PartIII) 1963 07. Particle CoarseDistributionSizeofAggregate 4.04 IS:383 1970 08. WatertestabsorptionforFineAggregate %2 IS:2386(PartIII) 1963 09. Water CoarsetestabsorptionforAggregate 1.6% IS:2386(PartIII) 1963 Table 2: basic test values of mix design review ofmaterials thepropertiesofmaterials of RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
4.mixdesign 5.mixingandtesting
34.7
Compressive
3.testing
1 0 73 8 41 2 12.5 93 5
2. Thesamewecanabsorbthatthestrengthof controlledconcreteandthestrengthof25% metakaolin replaced concrete is approximatelyequal.
3 25 71
of
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056 Volume: 09 Issue: 03 | Mar 2022 www.irjet.net p ISSN: 2395 0072 © 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page205 Fig. 5: Testing of Specimen for Compressive Strength Split Tensile Strength Test Results No.SL PercentageReplacement LoaFailured(KN) (N/mmStrengthTensileSplit2)on28thday 1 0 228 3.5 2 12.5 190 3.8 3 25 188 4 4 37.5 171 3.6 Table 4: Split Tensile Strength value on 28th day Fig. 6: Split Tensile Strength on 7th, 14th and 28thday
2. The 12.5% replaced metakaolin with 28days curing will give more compressive strength than any percentage replacement and it is
For the Split tensile test of concrete partially replaced with metakaolin the following conclusions canbedrawn:
3. Whiletheconcretewith2%ofbasaltfibers is more resistant to large cracks and only tiny surface cracks on the length of the specimens appeared. This implies that concretewithbasaltfibersplayasignificant role to make the concrete capable of resisting crack propagation and tensile forces.
1. At the 7 days testing of concrete the optimum strength is obtained for conventionalconcreteanditisalsoshowing thataspercentageofreplacementincreases the tensile strength will be gradually decreases.
Fig. 7: Testing Specimen CONCLUSIONS
Discussions on obtained results for
for Split Tensile Strength 7.
Split Tensile Strength
1. Bytheabovestudyeffectofpartialreplacementof cement with metakaolin on mechanical properties revels that the performance of concrete is good up to 25% replacement of metakaolin.
Splt Tensile Strength (N/mm 2 ) 4 5 4 4 3.8 3 5 3 6 3 5 3 2 3 3 3 2 3. 1 3 3 2 3 2 7 2 6 2 5 2 4 2 1 5 1 0 . 5 7 14 D ay s 2 8 0% 12.50% 25% 37.50%
2. Figure 12 shows that plain concrete split afterthetensiletestintotwohalves,which is an indicator of brittle behaviour of unreinforcedconcrete.
7. The mix proportion of 1:1.6:2.22 with 0.35 w/c ratiogivinghighstrengthbyconsidering50mm slumpforM30gradeconcrete.
5. Forflexurestrengthcanreplaceupto25%toget strengththatwegotbyconventionalconcrete.It ispreferabletoreplaceupto12.5%togetmore strength thanconventionalconcrete.
2. PratikB.Shinde,P.Y.Pawade,et..(2019):“Mixed InfluenceofMetakaolin(MK)andSteelFiberon Mechanical Properties of Concrete”. Smart Technologies for Energy, Environmentand SustainableDevelopment,springer.ISSN2522 5022,ISBN978 981 13 6147 0.Page381 390. https://doi.org/10.1007/978 981 13 6148 7
4. JinTanga,ShuaifeiWei,et..(2019):“Synergistic effect of metakaolin and limestone on the hydration properties of Portland cement”. Construction and Building Materials223, Page 177 059https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.06.184..
4. The crack pattern and crack width has been reducedbyusingbasaltfibers,butthereisnoany increaseordecreaseinstrength.
3. Insplittensiletestthestrengthofconcretewith 25% replacement showing high strength as curing period increases, where as 12.5% replacedmetakaolinconcreteshowingthesame strength equal to conventional concrete, the 37.5% replaced metakaolin concrete showing highstrengthin7dayscuringfurtherdecreases as curing period increases due to decreases in pozzolanicactivity.
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e ISSN: 2395 0056 Volume: 09 Issue: 03 | Mar 2022 www.irjet.net p ISSN: 2395 0072 © 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | 206
8. Byconsideringalltheabovepointscanconclude thattheincorporationofmetakaolinupto25%is highlyrecommendedtoreducethepollutionby decreasingtheproductionofcement.
1. LouChen,KerenZheng,TaobingXia.et(2019): “Mechanical property, Sorptivity and microstructure of steam cured concrete incorporated with the combination of metakaolin limestone”. Case Studies in ConstructionMaterials,Elsevier,volume11,ISSN 2214 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2019.e002675095.
REFERENCES
6. As the percentage replacement level increases the deflection slightly decreases, the0% and 12.5%showingmoredeflectionvaluesthan25% and37.5%replacement.
3. B. Jeevitha and Neethu Urs, (2019): “Study on Mechanical Properties of Cement Concrete for Partial Replacement of Coarse Aggregate by Shredded Plastic andCement by Fly Ash and Metakaolin”. Sustainable Construction and BuildingMaterials,Page 177 189. https://doi.org/10.1007/978 9811333170_16.
recommended to use metakaolin upto 25% without any objections as it gives strength equivalenttonormalconcretestrength,anyway there will be gradually decrease in strength of 37.5% replaced concrete due to decrease in pozzolanicreaction.
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