International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 06 Issue: 03 | Mar 2019
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
MPPT Technique based Hybrid Solar Charge Controller S. Noor Mohamed1, N. Madhan Chakravarthy2, P. Tendulkar Dulasi3, P. karthick Raja4 1,2,3,4Electrical
and Electronics Engineering, Kamaraj College of Engineering and Technology, Madurai, India. ------------------------------------------------------------------------***----------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract: - Electricity is one of the pinnacle usable forms of energy and is used throughout the world. With the development of modern technology, the usage of electricity has been escalating gradually. Also, its requirement is increasing hastily as the world’s population is increasing day by day. It’s almost predictable that renewable energies like solar, wind, tides, geothermal etc. will be utilized efficiently by replacing the non-renewable energies to produce electricity. In the above all, solar energy is and will be the widely used renewable energy all over the world. Solar panels are the one which traps the energy from sun, converts them and gives us electricity. The DC output from the panel is supposed to charge a DC battery and store energy. The battery has to be charged constantly with a constant voltage which is impossible from panel output. Hence a controller has to be fixed amidst the panel and battery so that the controller gives a constant output to charge the battery. MPPT charge controllers are the high efficient controllers available at low cost. Keywords: - Electricity, Solar, MPPT, Charge controller. I. INTRODUCTION Electricity is one of the most important sectors for the economic development of a country, storing it for now and using it for later purpose. When it falls under the category of storing, DC is the word that is used all over. For producing and storing DC, solar panels are the only choice. The solar panels are used for charging and storing electricity in a battery. But the significant obstacle is that the battery has to be charged at its charging voltage that has to be constant. Hence a controller is preferred so that the controller does the necessary operations and charges the battery at its charging voltage. Even in a controller, choosing them wisely will increase the efficiency and also allows the battery to charge at its charging voltage. There are various charge controllers available at a low cost but its efficiency is poor. To overcome this major drawback we ourselves made a solar charge controller using the efficient technique called MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking). MPPT technique is a technique used in a solar charge controller to track the maximum power in the PV (Photovoltaic) array by changing the duty cycle of the converter subsequently even under low sunlight condition. The controller after a voltage sensor checks the output voltage from the panel and performs the MPPT technique. Based on irradiations from the sun and the output from the panel, the relay switches between the buck converter and boost converter and charges the battery at its safest charging voltage (24 volts).
Fig 1: Basic solar charge controller
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