International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 04 | Apr 2024 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
A REVIEW PAPER ON VEHICLE LIFTING AND ROTATION MECHANISMS
Rutwik Panchal1 , Abhishek Kamod2 , Pushpak Dawer3
1,2,3Students, Department of Mechanical Engineering, PVG’s College of Engineering and Technology, Pune-09, India
Abstract –The paper focuses on review of various innovative mechanism’s capable of lifting and rotating the domestic vehicles, aimed at facilitating maintenance, U-turn, repairandinspectionprocedure. Thismechanismcomprisesa lifting system capable of elevating the vehicle to a specified height and a rotation system enabling controlled rotation around its longitudinal axis.
Key Words: Mechanism, Lifting and Rotation, Maintenance, Inspection, U-turn.
1. INTRODUCTION
Intoday’sworld,necessityforlivingforhumanbeingisfood, clothes, shelter and Vehicle. In vehicle, Cars are of much importanceforhumans.Previouslycarwereveryexpensive tobuyandalsotomaintain.Soonlyfewpeopleusedtohave cars. But now a days cars have moved away from convenience and become an important part of daily life. Almosteveryfamilyhasatleastonecar,whichbecomesan importantmeansoftransportation.
Thereisnolimitforthetravellingofcar,itgoesfromcityto countryside also in rural area. Driving a car in city is generallyasimpletaskbecauseincitywehavewideroads withwell-markedroadsignsandsignals,soprobabilityof going on wrong roads is less. Even if the driver goes on wrongpaththenhecaneasilytakeaU-turnbecauseofwide roads. In contrast to that, the roads of rural areas or countrysideareverymuchnarrowwhencomparedtothe cityroads.
Narrow roadsare often not guided by roadsigns,alsothe directionarenotaccuratewhichsometimesresultsindeadendstreets.Duetothesereasons,sometimesdrivergetson wrong roads. Due to narrow roads, making U-turns are logisticallychallenging.
Thetopographyoftherurallandscapepresentsadditional complexity,duetoitsslopesandlargeareasoflandonboth sidesoftheroadwhichcancreateobstaclesthataffecttheUturnorreversingprocess.
Recognizing these challenges, there is an urgent need for Professionalnavigationsystemssuitedtotheuniqueneeds of urban and rural travel. So a system is needed to be designed to solve the uncertainty of driving on narrow, unmarked roads, which can overcome the restrictions causedbythesereasons.
AlsoaMechanicalsystemcanbehelpfulwhichcanturnthe caronthatnarrowroadsonwhichtakinganormalU-turnis difficult. When taking a normal U-turn the vehicle needs someturningradius,whichmakesitdifficulttoturnonthese narrowroads.SoaMechanicalsystemcanbeattachedtohe vehiclewhichcanturnthevehiclewithzerodegreeturning radiuswhichcanbeoperatedfromwithinthecanwithout moredrivereffort.Thistypeofsystemcanreducedangerof turningacarthroughthenarrowroadsinruralareas,farms, hillyareas,narrowbridges,etc.
2. LITERATURE SURVEY
2.1 LIFTING MECHANISMS
Mechanism of Inbuilt Automatic Hydraulic Jack used for Light and Heavy Vehicles
Shivangi Patidar1 , Shivam Patel2 , Naman Mehta3 , Vikas Ojha4 , Suveer Chandra Dubey5 1, 2, 3, 4UG Student, 5Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indore Institute of Science and Technology, Indore
Thispaperisaboutliftingthevehicleforchangingthetireis punctured.Thismechanismhelpstoreducehumaneffortsas thesystemisoperatedbyhydraulicactuators.Thesystemis combination of Mechanical, Hydraulic and Electric components.Thehydraulicactuatorismountedonbothside of vehicle each side is operated by different button. If left sideofvehicleneedstobelifted,thenleftbuttonispressed andsofortherightside.
Fabrication of Inbuilt Electrohydraulic Jack for Four Wheelers
1 R.Sureshkumar, 2 V.Vijaykumar, 3 R.Vinoth, 4 M.Yogeshwaran, 5 R.Moses Samuel 1 Assistant Professor, 2,3,4,5UGStudents,DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering, GnanamaniCollegeofTechnology,Namakkal,Tamilnadu
ThispaperisaboutliftingavehicleusingElectrohydraulic jack. This mechanism helps to reduce efforts that are requiredtoliftthevehicleusingamanualhydraulicjackora normalscrewjack.Asthismechanismisoperatedusingan electricmotor,thetimerequiredislessforlifting,somuchof thetimeissaved.Theelectrohydraulicjackisindirectlyused to apply force on the link which is in contact with the ground.
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 04 | Apr 2024 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
Design and FabricationofInbuiltHydraulicJackforFour Wheelers
PrashantD.Banakar1*,PrashantakumarN.K.2*,Hanumesha Pujar3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, K.L.E. InstituteofTechnology,Hubballi
This paper is about lifting mechanism which is operated using hydraulic system. In this vane pump is used to pressurizefluid.Thehydraulicactuatorsareattachedtothe vehicle–2infrontand2atback.Thesefrontandbackside actuatorsareoperatedusingdifferentelectricalswitchesso thatbypressingoneswitchfrontwillliftandanotherswitch willliftthebackside.Thismechanismisusedforbreakdown ofcarorforservicingofcarortirepuncture.
Mechanism for Transverse Car Parking
Smitesh Bobde1 Prafull Shirpurkar2 Pravin Wanjari3 1,2,3Assistant Professor 1,2,3Department of Mechanical Engineering 1Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar College of Engineering&ResearchWanadongri
Thispaperisaboutliftingacarusinghydraulicsystem.This mechanismisdesignedprimarilyforparkingpurpose.This is used to park the vehicle on the roadside parking. As parkingonroadsidehaslessspaceandforthatprofessional driversarerequired,sotoovercomethisthemechanismlifts thevehicleusinghydraulicsystemandthenthecarmovesin transversedirectionwiththehelpofsmallwheelsthatare attachedtothemechanism.Alsothismechanismcanalsobe used in case of vehicle breakdown or tire puncture. This systemoperatesusingabattery.
Design and fabrication of automotive hydraulic jack system for vehicles.
*Dr.RamachandraCG,KrishnaPavana,ShivrajShetand VenugopalReddy**VirupaxappaB*Departmentof MechanicalEngineeringSrinivasInstituteofTechnology Mangaluru,
Thispaperisaboutvehicleliftingusingbrakefluidfrom mastercylinder.Thissystemishavinga5-wayvalvethat ismanuallyoperatedusingballvalve.So,whenthebrake ispressedifthevalveforbrakeisopenthenbrakeswillbe appliedandwhenthevalveforthebrakeisclosedandfor theactuatorisopenthenitwilloperatetheactuatorwhen wepressthebrakepedal.
Inbuilt lifting and safety arrangements for a FourWheeler
[3] Rajmohan G 1 , Jazim Haris2 , Mohamed Shafin K 2 , SabahSalamK2,SanthoshKumarS
InBuilt-inliftingandsafetyfeaturesareavailableforfourwheelers.
Hydraulicbottlejacksystemsaremountedonthefrontandr earofthevehiclechassis.Duringpuncturesorsomerepairst hatdonotrequirehandling,thehydraulicbottlecanbelowe redoutsidetheballcarriage.Hydraulicjacksaremadeofaca mthatoperatesonaslidercrankchainmechanism.Thearm isconnectedtothereturnspring.Theforceofthepistonis1 0timeslessthantheliftingweight.
2.2. COMPONENTS OF LIFTING MECHANISM
1) Motor: It is an electric device which converts electricalenergyintomechanicalwork.TheMotor comprises of a stator and rotor and is driven by current.Itisusedtorunthepump.
2) VanePump:Thisisapositivedisplacement high pressurepumpwithvanesmountedonarotorrotati ngwithinacavity.Thelargediameterspoolismount edonthepumpshaft.Ithasacircularrotorthatrota tesinalargercircle.
3) Master Cylinder: A single-acting spring return cylinderisused.Single-actingcylindersevenhavea spring inside the cylinder. It works with the assistanceofpackedgastoincitethepistonsinglewayandutilizationsspringforcetocomebacktothe baseposition.Assoonastheairsupplyisstopped, theconnectingrodretractsbyspringforce.
4) StorageTank:Itisfacilitatedinthehydraulicjackin order to store the hydraulic oil. The supply of the hydraulicoiltakesplacefromthestoragetank.
5) Pipes: These are used for the transferring of the hydraulic oil from one part to the other in the hydraulicjackstartingfromthereservoir.
6) Oil: A hydraulic liquid or hydraulic fluid is the mediumthatmovespowerinhydraulic machines. Mineral oil or water is the most commonly used fluid Transmissions,hydraulic brakes, excavators, power steering systems, aircraft flight control systems, lifts and industrial machinery are the exampleswhereweusethehydraulicliquids.
2.3 ROTATION MECHANISMS
Design and DevelopmentofAKEA:A360-degreerotating vehicle
Adedeji.A.Kasali1,*,YussuoffA.Abiodun2,Emola.W.Shola 1,Olajide.S.Anthony1andOgundeleA.Gbolahan
Thispaperisaboutturningvehiclein360°.Thismechanism can turn the vehicle with zero degree turning radius. The wheelsareturnedtorequiredangleusingservomotorsthat areattachedtoallwheels.Thewheelsaredrivenusinggears motors.Therotationoftheservomotorsarecontrolledusing Arduino, Motor drivers, etc. This mechanism is useful for turningcarsinnarrowroads,incityasitcanturnthevehicle with zero degree turning radius. Also, the tire wear is reduced.
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 04 | Apr 2024 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
Study and Design of turntable using gears
1NiteshKumarYadav*,SumanBikramBam1Departmentof MechanicalEngineering,KathmanduUniversity,Dhulikhel, NepaL
Thispaperisaboutdesigningofaturntableusinggears.In thismechanismspurgearsareusedtorotatethetableusing motor.Thegearismountedonshaftwhichisfixedusinga bearingtothechassisandattheendoftheshaftthereisa tabletopfitted.Whenthemotorturnsdrivergearthenthe drivergearturnsdrivengearwhichismountedontheshaft whichturnstheshaftwhichisfixedusingbearingandwhen the shaft rotates then the table top also rotates. This mechanism cansave the efforts required to turnthetable andalsoconductstheoperationsmoothly.
Design and Development of 360 Degree Welding Turn Table with Scissor Height Adjuster
BhushanNandre1,a),NehaSalunkhe1,b),SwarajBhure1,c), AmitPatil1,
Thispaperisaboutdesignanddevelopmentofaturntable. Thisturntablealsoisusedasajack.Thisisusedforliftinga objecttotheheightwewantusinghydraulicactuatorsand rotatingtothedirectionwewant,manuallyusingwormand wormwheel.ItisusedinWeldingshopsalsocanbeusedin garageforliftingandrotatingavehicleforservicing.
360° Rotating Vehicle to Overcome the Problem of Parking Space
1JaishnuMoudgil,2ShubhankarMengi,3MuditChopra,4Dr. JaswinderSingh
In this mechanism the turning radius of this car is zero, whichmeansthatthecarturnsontheaxispassingthrough thecenterofgravity.Thecardoesnotneedadditionalspace forturning.Thecarmustturninanareaequaltothelength ofthecar.Inthisdemonstration,theconceptof360-degree wheelrotationofthecarisgiven,Thereareflatareasthat enable the truck to rotate its wheel 360 degrees. vehicle, enterprises,hospitals,railwayplatforms,etc.Itcanbeused inmanyplaceslikethis.
2.4.
COMPONENTS OF ROTATION MECHANISM
1) Motor :- Motor is used to covert Electrical energy intoMechanicalwork,itisusedtodrivepinion.
2) GearPair:-GearpairconsistofaGearandPinion. thepairactstoreducespeedandtoamplifytorque; ifthepinionisonthedrivenshaftthepairactsasa speedincreaserandatorquereducer
3) Bearings:-turntablebearingsprovidefixationtoa structure. Mounted to the end of each shaft in an equipment piece that supplies rotary motion,
turntablebearingscanhandlethrustorradialloads, clockwise rotation or continuous, low-speed rotation.
3. MY APPROACH
Inthewakeofanalyzingpastworks.Wefoundwhereallof thesesystemsaremissingandwhattheirlimitationsare.In pastworksthereweretwoseparatesystemsforLiftingand Rotation. The lifting system was majorly used for maintenance purpose like, changing tires in the case puncturesorincaseofanemergencybreakdown.Rotation systemisusedinvehiclesfor360-degreewheelrotation.But if we integrate lifting and rotation system, then we can performvariousoperations,whichinclude:Lifting of vehicle and rotating it along its zero turning radius. This mechanism can be used in case of turning of vehiclesonnarrowroads.
4.
CONCLUSION
AsweliveinIndia,wehavedifferenttopographyatdifferent places.So,anormal4-wheelcarusedinothercountriesfor travelling, may not fulfil our requirement. We need more differenttypesofadditionalmechanismwhichwillhelpusto travel through the country without any complexity in driving. Also, this type of mechanism can help a driver to travelthroughnarrowroadsofhillyareas,ruralareas,farms, etc.Also,thesemechanismsarenotmuchcostlierbutcanbe mounted to various types of vehicles and due to userfriendlyoperationtheycanbeusedbyeveryone.
5. REFERENCES
[1] Shivangi Patidar1 , Shivam Patel2 , Naman Mehta3 , Vikas Ojha4 , Suveer Chandra Dubey5 1, 2, 3, 4UG Student, 5Assistant Professor, Department of MechanicalEngineering,IndoreInstituteofScienceand Technology,Indore,India
[2] 1 R.Sureshkumar, 2 V.Vijaykumar, 3 R.Vinoth, 4 M.Yogeshwaran, 5 R.Moses Samuel 1 Assistant Professor, 2,3,4,5UG Students, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Gnanamani College of Technology,Namakkal,Tamilnadu,India.
[3] Prashant D.Banakar1*, Prashantakumar N. K. 2*, Hanumesha Pujar3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, K.L.E. Institute of Technology, Hubballi, Karnataka,India
[4] Smitesh Bobde1 Prafull Shirpurkar2 Pravin Wanjari3 1,2,3AssistantProfessor1,2,3DepartmentofMechanical Engineering 1Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar College of Engineering&ResearchWanadongri,Nagpur-11,India 2,3PriyadarshiniCollegeofEngineering,Nagpur.
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 04 | Apr 2024 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
[5] *Dr.RamachandraCG,KrishnaPavana,ShivrajShetand Venugopal Reddy ** Virupaxappa B * Department of MechanicalEngineeringSrinivasInstituteofTechnology Mangaluru, India ramachandra_cg@yahoo.com ** DepartmentofMechanicalEngineeringDrM.V.Shetty Institute of Technology Moodbidri, India. viru.komal@gmail.com
[6] [3]RajmohanG1,JazimHaris2,MohamedShafinK2, SabahSalamK2,SanthoshKumarS.
[7] Adedeji.A.Kasali1,*,YussuoffA.Abiodun2,Emola.W. Shola1,Olajide.S.Anthony1andOgundeleA.Gbolahan 11DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering,LagosState University, P.M.B.1087 Apapa, Lagos, Nigeria. 2 Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Lagos State University, P.M.B.1087 Apapa, Lagos, Nigeria.
[8] Bhushan Nandre1, a), Neha Salunkhe1, b), Swaraj Bhure1,c),AmitPatil1,d)1DepartmentofMechanical Engineering, Modern Education Society’s College of Engineering,PuneMaharashtra,India.411001
[9] 1 Nitesh Kumar Yadav*, Suman Bikram Bam 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kathmandu University,Dhulikhel,NepaL
[10] 1JaishnuMoudgil,2ShubhankarMengi,3MuditChopra, 4Dr. Jaswinder Singh 1,2,3Dept. of Mechanical Engineering,ChitkaraUniversity,Rajpura,Punjab,INDIA 4AssociateProfessor,Dept.ofMechanicalEngineering, ChitkaraUniversity,Rajpura,Punjab,INDIA.
BIOGRAPHIES
Rutwik Panchal is currently pursuing his Bachelors in Mechanical Engineering from Savitribai Phule Pune University (SPPU).
HecanbecontactedbyEmailrutwikpanchal1@gmail.com
Abhishek Kamod is currently pursuing his Bachelors in Mechanical Engineering from Savitribai Phule Pune University (SPPU).
HecanbecontactedbyEmailkamodabhi.19@gmail.com
Pushpak Dawer is currently pursuing his Bachelors in Mechanical Engineering from Savitribai Phule Pune University (SPPU).
HecanbecontactedbyEmailpushpakd500@gmail.com