UN Letter Chinese

September 10, 2020 2020 年 9 月 10 日 Secretary-General Antonio Guterres United Nations UN Headquarters, S-3800 New York, NY 10017 联合国秘书长 安东尼奥·古特雷斯 联合国总部,S-3800 纽约，NY 10017

Re: Strategic Partnership Agreement Being Negotiated Between the Islamic Republic of Iran and the People’s Republic of China 关于:中华人民共和国和伊朗伊斯兰共和国正在谈判的战略伙伴协议 Dear Mr. Secretary-General, 尊敬的秘书长阁下， As the international community convenes to commence the seventy-fifth session of the General Assembly, we write you to register our great dismay at having recently learned of a comprehensive Strategic Partnership Agreement being negotiated between the governments of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the People’s Republic of China. Negotiations concerning this Agreement commenced in early 2016, following a visit to Iran by President Xi Jinping, when the two countries undertook to commence a “new chapter” in their bilateral relations. 在国际社会即将召开第七十五届会议之际，我们就最近获悉的，伊朗伊斯兰共和国政府和 中华人民共和国政府正在谈判签署一项全面战略伙伴关系协定致函给您，并表达我们在获 知此消息时的无比沮丧。该协议的谈判，始于 2016 年初，习近平主席访问伊朗，双方承 诺开启双边关系的“新篇章”之时。 Iranians have historically proven adverse to allowing their country to align too closely with any great power. It should therefore come as no surprise that the recent emergence of scant details of the proposed Agreement has stoked a fierce reaction within Iran. The most common expressions of dismay posted on social media accounts in Iran are that the Islamic Republic is selling off the country to China. Critics have also routinely drawn parallels between this proposed Agreement and the humiliating Turkmenchay treaty pursuant to which Persia ceded vast territories to Russia in 1828.

历史证明，伊朗人不愿自己的国家与任何大国缔结紧密联盟。因此，最近出现的由于拟议 中的协议缺乏细节而在伊朗国内引发激烈反应，也就不足为奇了。伊朗的社交媒体上，已 经普遍在表达着一种沮丧观点：伊斯兰共和国正在把国家卖给中国。批评家们也经常将这 份提议中的协定与土库曼斯坦条约(Turkmenchay treaty)相提并论，根据该条约，波斯在 1828 年将大片领土割让给俄罗斯。 Indeed, the last time any Iranian Government contemplated entering into a bilateral treaty that affected the sovereign powers of the country was the Anglo-Persian Agreement of 1919. While that agreement was considered in the immediate aftermath of the immense devastation of the First World War, and was considerably more modest than the comprehensive scope of the current Strategic Partnership Agreement, the intensity of the public outcry that ensued against foreign interference amongst Iranians compelled the then Government of the country to abandon the proposed initiative altogether. 事实上，上一次伊朗政府考虑签署影响该国主权的双边条约，是 1919 年的《英-波斯协 定》。尽管该协定是在第一次世界大战造成的巨大破坏的余波下审议的，而且比目前与中 方的战略伙伴关系协议的范围要小得多，但在随后伊朗民众强烈反对外国干涉的抗议下， 当时的伊朗政府还是彻底放弃了签署协议的念头。 For over a century concepts such as the moral imperative to pursue diplomacy, always frankly and in the public view, or the need to pursue international treaties, through open covenants openly arrived at, have been recognized as cherished principles to guide members of the international community in their conduct of international relations. However, despite the many implications such an agreement will have for Iranians, the Islamic Republic has proven steadfast in failing to act in a transparent manner and is proceeding in a loathsome fashion to suffocate the legitimate aspirations and offend the inalienable rights of its citizens.

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一个多世纪以来，诸如追求外交的道义责任，对公众坦诚相见，或者通过开放式契约、公 开达成的方式来缔结国际条约等概念，已被公认为是指导国际社会成员处理国际关系的宝 贵原则。然而，伊斯兰共和国政府不顾这项协定将引发的对伊朗人的巨大影响，以非透明 的方式进行协议谈判，这证明他已经下定了决心，而且正在以令人厌恶的方式扼杀公民合 法的愿望，侵犯其不可剥夺的权利。 We deem it our collective responsibility to amplify the voices of Iranians that have grave misgivings with the Agreement being negotiated between the Islamic Republic and China. The fervent longings of Iranians are simple - a desire to live freely on their native soil, under their native sun, and working for the advancement of their country free from the menacing yokes of domestic corruption or foreign exploitation. 我们认为，放大伊朗人的声音是我们的集体责任，他们对伊斯兰共和国与中国正在谈判的 协议存在严重疑虑。伊朗人的热切愿望很简单——渴望在自己的土地上自由地生活，在自 己的阳光下，为国家的发展而努力，使其免受国内腐败和外国剥削的威胁。

Rather than curse the darkness surrounding the opaque details of this craven Agreement, we are profoundly mindful of our responsibility to light a candle to illuminat the many dangers that will befall Iran in the event it proceeds with an Agreement with China. We sincerely hope that members of the international community will not turn their backs on the legitimate aspirations of Iranians, but instead stand in solidarity with the steadfast yearnings expressed by Iranians. 我们没有诅咒笼罩在这份怯懦协议不透明细节周围的黑暗，而是深刻意识到，如果伊朗继 续与中国达成协议，我们有责任点亮蜡烛，照亮伊朗将面临的许多危险。我们衷心希望， 国际社会成员不要背弃伊朗人的合法愿望，而是支持伊朗人所表达的坚定愿望。 Iran’s latest gambit will prove gravely injurious to the welfare and future prosperity of Iranians. The Islamic Republic’s rationale for pursuing such an Agreement is to consolidate its economic grasp and perpetuate its political grip on Iran. Even the limited available information regarding the Agreement reveals that the Islamic Republic intends to tether Tehran to Beijing politically, and embed China into the economic and social fabric of Iran. Proceeding with such an Agreement would be tantamount to committing Iran to a straight-jacket that will severely restrain its political and economic sovereignty. 事实将证明，伊朗的最新举措将严重损害伊朗人民的福祉和未来的繁荣。伊朗伊斯兰共和 国寻求达成这样一项协议的理由是，巩固其对伊朗的经济控制，并使其对伊朗的政治控制 永久化。就连有关该协议的有限信息也显示，伊朗伊斯兰共和国有意在政治上把德黑兰拴 在北京身上，并将中国融入伊朗的经济和社会结构中。继续这样的协议无异于让伊朗束手 束脚，这将严重限制其政治和经济主权。 The fundamental predicament is that far too consistently the Islamic Republic has confused Iran for a cause, rather than a country. Since its inception over four decades ago, the regime has consistently failed to safeguard the welfare of its citizenry and has systematically squandered Iran’s resources to pursue reckless geostrategic objectives. We are therefore certain that Tehran’s current gambit to consecrate its relationship with Beijing is animated by the same reckless impulses and will subordinate the interests of Iranians to the regime’s own concerns. Even if we were to overlook the Iranian regime’s legacy or the antecedents of its state practice, it would be foolish to assume that Tehran can withstand the exacting terms to be demanded by Beijing. 最根本的困境是，这个伊斯兰共和国一直把伊朗当成一个理由，而不是一个国家。自 40 多年前成立以来，伊朗政权一直未能保障其公民的福祉，并系统性地浪费伊朗的资源，以 追求不计后果的地缘战略目标。因此，我们确信，德黑兰目前将其与北京关系奉为神圣的 策略，也是出于同样不计后果的冲动，它将把伊朗人的利益置于该政权自身的关切之上。 即使忽略伊朗政权的遗留问题或其之前治理国家的表现，认为德黑兰能够承受北京方面提 出的苛刻条件也将是愚蠢的。 The profound economic asymmetry between Iran and China, exacerbated further by the unprecedented economic and political distress currently afflicting Iran, will deny the Islamic

Republic the requisite leverage to negotiate a fair, balanced or equitable Agreement. At a bare minimum, Iran will succumb to selling its commodities at heavily discounted rates and capitulate by granting China an exclusive right of first refusal to bid on all future infrastructure projects. 伊朗和中国之间严重的经济不对称，再加上目前困扰伊朗的前所未有的经济和政治困境， 将使这个伊斯兰共和国无法通过谈判达成一项公平、平衡或对等的协议。至少，伊朗会屈 服于以极低的折扣出售其大宗商品，并将未来所有基础设施项目的独家优先竞标权授予中 国。 Undertaking a binding long-term agreement or proffering another country endless opportunities to infrastructure projects spanning every realm of economic activity is inimical to the best interests of any developing country attempting to establish a foundation for sustainable growth and prosperity. The leaked Framework Agreement reveals an ambitious plethora of financial, legal, technological and security commitments, and cites a catalogue of over 100 prospective economic projects involving Iran’s most critical infrastructure. 签订一项具有约束力的长期协议，或向另一个国家提供无限机会，让其从事涵盖经济活动 各个领域的基础设施项目，对于任何试图为可持续增长和繁荣奠定基础的发展中国家来 说，都是有害的。泄露的框架协议披露了大量的金融、法律、技术和安全承诺，并列举了 涉及伊朗最关键基础设施的 100 多个潜在经济项目。 Given the Islamic Republic’s morass of mismanagement and malfeasance, in the event an Agreement is finalized such commitments will likely metastasize to imperil the economic sovereignty and territorial integrity of Iran. In other words, the commitments contained in the Agreement will expose Iran to the prospect of the appropriation of critical infrastructure or territory should the organs of the Islamic Republic default on loans used to underwrite such projects. 鉴于伊斯兰共和国深陷管理不善和渎职行为的泥沼，一旦达成协议，这种承诺很可能转移 到危及伊朗的经济主权和领土完整。换句话说，协议中所包含的承诺将使伊朗面临这样一 种前景：如果伊斯兰共和国的机构拖欠用于担保此类项目的贷款，那么伊朗将被剥夺重要 的基础设施或领土。 It would therefore be unconscionable to confuse the hollow interests of the Islamic Republic for the hallowed yearnings and aspirations of aggrieved Iranians, or to conflate the interests of the regime with the future welfare and prospects of its citizenry. A prospective agreement will amount to a Faustian bargain that irrevocably suffocates the yearnings, ensnares the fortunes, and shackles the prosperity of Iranians for generations to come. 因此，将伊斯兰共和国的空洞利益与权利受到侵犯的伊朗人神圣的向往和愿望混为一谈， 或将政权的利益与其公民的未来福利和前景混为一谈，都是不合情理的。未来达成的协议

将等同于浮士德式的协议，它将不可避免地扼杀伊朗人的渴望，使他们的财富陷入困境， 束缚伊朗未来几代人的繁荣。 In light of the profound chasm that exists between the intentions of the Islamic Republic and the genuine aspirations of Iranians, and the reality that a feeble Iranian Parliament will not adequately scrutinize or ratify an eventual agreement, China should be estopped from invoking the principal of pacta sunt servanda to assert that Iran is bound to a prospective agreement for 25 years. Rather, any unconscionable concessions the Iranian regime heaps on China to secure a Strategic Partnership Agreement, should be treated as the tainted fruit of a poisonous tree. 鉴于伊斯兰共和国的意图和伊朗人的真正愿望之间存在着深刻的鸿沟，以及软弱的伊朗议 会将无法充分审查或批准最终协议的现实，应该阻止中国援引“有约必守”的原则，来主 张伊朗必须接受为期 25 年的未来协议。相反，伊朗政权为了达成战略合作协议而向中国 做出的任何不合情理的让步，都应被视为毒树结的毒果。 Conversely, by steadfastly refusing to safeguard the inviolable sovereignty of Iran or the inalienable rights of Iranians, and by acting outside the contours of its own constitution, the Islamic Republic has acted in an egregious manner that represents an affront to the most fundamental principles of democratic governance. The only means by which the Islamic Republic may cure the fundamental defect of failing to secure the informed consent of Iranians to a prospective agreement with China, would be to subject an eventual Agreement to public approval by way of a national referendum. In the absence of agreeing to such a procedure for popular ratification, the Islamic Republic has forfeited its sovereign prerogatives and is effectively barred from binding Iranians, their children, and their children’s children to a suffocating Strategic Partnership Agreement. 相反，伊斯兰共和国坚决拒绝捍卫伊朗不可侵犯的主权或伊朗人不可剥夺的权利，并在自 己的宪法范围之外采取行动，这是一种对民主治理的最基本原则的侮辱。伊朗未能获得伊 朗人对未来与中国达成协议的知情同意，这一根本缺陷的唯一补救办法是，通过全民公 投，最终达成协议，并获得公众的批准。在未同意这种普遍批准程序的情况下，伊斯兰共 和国已经丧失了它的主权特权，实际上将伊朗人及其子女，及其子女的子女束缚在一项令 人窒息的战略伙伴协议中。 We enclose further background information for your ease of reference. Please accept assurances of our highest respect and considerations. 我们附上进一步的背景资料，供您参考。请接受我们崇高的敬意和深切的关怀。 Encl. Background Information cc: H.E. Kelly Craft, Permanent Representative of the United States of America to the United Nations cc: H.E. Nicolas de Riviere, Permanent Representative of France to the United Nations cc: H.E. Zhang Jun, Permanent Representative of the People’s Republic of China to the United Nations cc: H.E. Vasily Nebenzya, Permanent Representative of the Russian Federation to the United Nations cc: H.E. Dame Barbara Woodward, Permanent Representative of the United Kingdom to the United Nations

附：背景信息。 cc: 美利坚合众国常驻联合国代表凯利·克拉夫特阁下 cc: 法国常驻联合国代表尼古拉·德里维埃阁下 cc: 中华人民共和国常驻联合国代表张军阁下 cc: 俄罗斯联邦常驻联合国代表瓦西里·内本兹亚阁下 cc: 联合王国常驻联合国代表芭芭拉·伍德沃德夫人阁下