1. Assure long-term commitment of parties involved 2. Establish an action plan in cooperation with parties involved 3. Assure that individual pharmacies have adequate and updated resources for quality practice (e.g., medicines information sources and databases, information technolygy systems, training for managers and personnel involved in service provision) 4. Take responsibility of systematic communication about the actions planned and progress made to pharmacy practitioners, stakeholders and other parties that may benefit of the information and could promote the change (e.g., policy makers and health care providers) 5. Assure that the changing process is evaluated on the continuous basis and the evidence gained is applied to making decisions for further actions (-> a reflective process) 6. Coordinate actions for influencing health and pharmaceutical policy making 7. Assure sufficient long-term funding for the changing process in cooperation with parties involved.
References and Recommended Readings
American Pharmacists Association (APhA), National Association of Chain Drug Stores Foundation (NACDS). Medication therapy management in pharmacy practice: core ele-ments of an MTM service model (version 2.0). Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association 2008;48:341–353. Benrimoj SI, Gilbert AL, de Almeida Neto AC, Kelly F. National implementation of standards of practice for nonprescription medicines in Australia. Pharmacy World & Science 2009;31(2):230-237.
Feletto E, Wilson LK, Roberts AS, Benrimoj SI. Flexibility in community pharmacy: A qualitative study of business models of cognitive services. Pharmacy World & Science 2010;32(2):130-138.
Feletto E, Wilson LK, Roberts AS, Benrimoj SI. Measuring organizational flexibility in community pharmacy: Building the capacity to implement cognitive pharmaceutical services. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy 2011;7(1):27-38. FIP. Reference Paper: Collaborative Practice. FIP 2009.
Kansanaho H. Implementation of the principles of patient counselling into practice in Finnish community pharmacies. Doctoral dissertation. Division of Social Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 26/2005. Available at: http://ethesis.helsinki.fi/julkaisut/far/farma/vk/kansanaho/implemen.pdf
Kansanaho HM, Puumalainen II, Varunki MM, Airaksinen MS, Aslani P. Attitudes of Finnish community pharmacists toward concordance. Annals of Pharmacotherapy 2004;38(11):1946-1953.
Kansanaho H, Puumalainen I, Varunki M, Ahonen R, Airaksinen M. Implementation of a professional program in Finnish community pharmacies in 2000-2002. Patient Education and Counseling 2005;57(3):272-279.
Lehtonen A. Implementation of principles of learning organization in community pharmacies (Oppivan organisaation periaatteiden toteutuminen ammattiapteekissa). Master’s thesis, University of Kuopio, Finland, 2003 (English summary). Leikola SNS, Tuomainen L, Ovaskainen H, et al. Continuing education course to attain collaborative comprehensive medication review competencies. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education 2009;73(6):article 108.
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