Baringo County Investor Guide

INVESTMENT AND TRADE GUIDES Number 6, 2015

The fist and most reliable guide on investing in Baringo, a county that lies in Kenya’s Great Rift Valley

AN INVESTMENT NEWS PUBLICATION

BORESHA SACCO SOCIETY LTD P.O Box 80-20103,Eldama Ravine. | Tel: +254(20)8024881 | Cell: +254720200689/734200004 | Email: info@boreshasacco.co.ke

| Website: www.boreshasacco.co.ke

CS: 2549

Boresha Society Ltd is a Financial Institution licensed for Deposit Taking business by Sacco Societies Regulatory Authority (SASRA). Boresha SACCO is among the top performing SACCOs in the country with a solid capital base of 4 Billion. The Society was registered on 31st August 1976 by 10 Members with initial share Capital of 60,000. Today the growing Membership stands at 63,000 with Members Savings/Deposits of Ksh. 2.2 Billion.

Membership is open to All; SalaBoresha Sacco Kabarnet Branch situated in Mwalimu Plaza ried Members, Business community, Farmers, Organised groups and in Kabarnet Town, Baringo County’s Headquarters organizations.

The economic impact by the SACCO at the local The Society’s area of operation is the Republic of level is unquestionable. Boresha SACCO offers Kenya with a Base in Baringo County in the Rift more than banking services and facilitates ecoValley Region. Head Office is Situated in Teachers nomic change for prosperity by empowering Plaza , Eldama Ravine, Koibatek Sub County. The Members and Community at large. The SACCO Head Office is central in coordinating the Branch exists to improve people’s living standards having network in Baringo County and beyond. Boresha stood the test of time as stable and reliable Sociehas established vibrant Branches in Nakuru, one ty. Members are proud that the SACCO has enaof the fast growing city in Africa to serve the Cen- bled them to built great homes, ventured into tral Rift, Eldoret to serve Uasin-Gishu and Kapsa- business, and educated themselves and their chilbet to serve Members in Nandi County. dren In an effort to conveniently serve our valued cus- The Sacco has continued to collaborate with the tomers, the SACCO has established 12 Performing County Government and other Partners in ecoBranches in Baringo County and Neighbouring nomic empowerment and to alleviate poverty in Counties. They include; Eldama Ravine, Kabarnet, the community.

Marigat, Mogotio, Kabartonjo, Mochongoi, Barewesa, Eldoret, Chemolingot, Nakuru and We join the County Government in Welcoming Kapsabet. Besides the fully fledged branches, the Investors to Baringo County.

Society also has Satellite Offices in Tenges, Kipsaraman and Kisanana.

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Contents INTRODUCTORT MATTER 5 Editor’s note 7 Governor's Foreword 8 Publishers Preface 25 The Role of Cooperatives in alleviating poverty in the Counties

PART I 9 Investor summary looking at economic the economic indicators and the health of Kenya’s economy.

14 Summary of the natural resources available in Baringo

PART 11 16 Early trading and civilization of Baringo. There is an analysis of the role of Tugen Hills i as a depository of early Man’s history.

BARINGO 2015 PAER IV 20 Investment opportunities in Baringo County. This section looks at the variety of investment opportunities focusing mainly on those that can be undertake by an individual or a small business. We pay special attention to bee keeping and its profitability.

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2015 EDITOR’S NOTE The Editor acknowledges with grateful thanks, the help of a very large number of information sources who have cooperated in the compilation of this guide.

The sponsors have helped in facilitating the gathering of the information and publication of the guide I wish to thank particularly the officials of Baringo County who volunteered to cooperate and help in a variety of ways whenever we needed their help. It is due to the constant help and encouragement that we now have this guide.

Advertisements: Advertisements help to give extra information to readers. In this case, advertisers were to help show the value they had achieved in investing in Baringo County.

We appreciate again with grateful thanks, those who agreed to help to tell the story of Baringo as a viable investment destination by offering information about their experiences as investors.

Contents: This guide concerns itself with investment opportunities that are accessible to the ordinary Kenyan investor as with those that require enormous resources and skill unavailable to the ordinary investor.

Tourism: Baringo County has high potential for tourism. Such potential is not limited to areas highlighted here and investor are encouraged undertake further exploration.

Investing: Baringo County 2015 Copyright 2015 Investment News P.O. Box 20257-00100 Nairobi, Kenya. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrival system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic photocopying, mechanical recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the copyright owner

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Sell your products to an interested audience …. The small business owner Whatever you are selling—whether goods, services or more importantlly announcing your business opportunities—you will find the small business owner an interested buyer and partner. They have the money. And they have the need.

And you can sell them everyday—all the year round—through the GUIDE TO SOURCES OF MONEY AND SERVICES FOR THE SMALL BUSINESS. The Guide is packed full of decidedly important information for the small business owner. It is an indispensable companion and reference material used frequently throughout the year.

To take part or advertise in this Guide, please contact: The Editor @investmentnews.co.ke Tel: 0773 991 820

Or write to: The Marketing Manager Investment News P.O. Box 20257 –00100 Nairobi, Kenya

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FOREWORD As the Governor of Baringo County, and on behalf of the Baringo County Government, I am pleased to introduce this Investor’s Guide to Investment Opportunities in Baringo County. Investors in Kenya should look at growing horizons of opportunities that the new political dispensation has created. Investing in large cities and the surrounding areas may provide a simple option, but investors that really want to make money and create social impact must look beyond – far into the countryside where opportunities are not only unexplored but offer much greater margins of returns on capital. Baringo County is one such far off area with plenty of opportunities for both the large and small investors.

Located in the former Rift Valley Province of Kenya, Baringo County lies about 270km north-west of Kenya’s capital, Nairobi and covers an area of 11,015.32 sq km. Within that area, you find plenty and diverse opportunities.

As a County, we recognize that these opportunities must be made known to potential investors. We have, in deed, embraced the UN advice to States and Counties to professionally package and disseminate relevant, useful and targeted information to put their counties on the map of local and international investors. The guide starts that crucial journey for our County. It explains the opportunities available to the investor as well as the requirements and the environment – cultural and political – that surrounds the investor.

I believe that information provides the key to sound and intelligent investing. I believe this guide will provide that key.

Welcome to Baringo County Benjamin Cheboi CBS, EBS, OGW Governor

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PREFACE

Investor guides from Investment News are designed to assist County Governments publicize their investment and trade opportunities to the investors and the business community. They are distributed in Kenya and in many parts of the world through a large network of investment advisers and investors that Investment News has developed over many years promoting working in the area.

In investing, information is, without doubt, of critical importance. It is the key factor in the decision by an investor whether to invest or not. And we cannot deny that in Kenya, as in many other parts of Africa, there is a paucity of information targeted at the investor.

This situation is worse in the case of the new counties which find themselves bewildered by the need to urgently create jobs, incomes and wealth for their people and the paucity of relevant information.

Investing is a creative as well as a scientific effort. And so is the researching and packing of information that will entice an investor to leave the comfort of the

known and well tried and seek adventure with high potential risks outside that box.

But counties are in most cases ill-equipped for the task.

Many authorizes see this as a task requiring collaborative effort. It is a job that the cooperation of us all - the beneficiaries, the business community, those charged with promoting investments and the information sector.

The result of such cooperation will increase positive information from, greater investor awareness of investment opportunities in Kenya, and therefore in the Counties.

Places such as Baringo County, have great opportunities. But like most other Counties in Kenya, they suffer from effects of years of neglect. But without information, they remain a mosaic of little or no investment significance. And that is catastrophic for any County government.

Muli wa Kyendo Publisher, Investment News

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PART ONE INVESTOR SUMMARY Describing the Kenyan perspective Baringo County lies in the Rift Valley of Kenya. And one of Kenya’s main advantages which Baringo enjoys is the country’s location on the East African coastline, its membership in regional economic organizations, its vast natural resource, including those located in Baringo County, and its well-educated but inexpensive labour force. These factors make Kenya potentially a significant industrial resource and market for goods and services.

capital markets regulated by the Capital Markets Authority.

Kenya has a long established system of

POLITICS

Over the years, the Nairobi Securities Exchange has continued to expand in volume of business transacted, the number of players and the complexity of the market.

By the end of last year, nearly 80 companies were already listed at the market.

In addition to this, the Kenya Government has continued to offer incentives to foreign investors.

As predicted, politics of transition. The Foreign direct investments

10 Economy Overview Income category Lower Middle income Population 45 million GNI Per Capita US$ 1,280 new constitution approved in 2010 in a referendum by a two to one margin in a free and fair ballot untainted by violence was expected to bring more consensual and accountable politics. The challenges it introduced, however ,were unexpected.

Devolution, which is a key element of the POPULATION DATA

constitution, created 47 county government, thus created a much more complex system than was expected.

It was expected that with devolution, there would be more supervision of public spending, less ethnic tensions and greater national cohesion. On the main, these expectations have not been met. Corruption has increased and multiplied with county governments, supervision at all levels has decreased and the danger of ethnic tensions has become more real as shown by the number of politicians being accused of hate speech.

Despite these challenges, Kenya remains stable. There is increased awareness of the power of the general public to change government policies and the common man and woman are continually using that power. A more positive sign has been the increase of a middle class, with ties across economic and other interests interests and occupations rather than tribal connections. This alone, will continue to augur well for the future of Kenya as a nation, creating a stable working environment for the investor.

Data on Foreign Direct Investments (FDIs) by the

11 Things that the Kenya Government has improved for investors 

Starting a business



Dealing wih construction permits



Registering property



Getting credit



Getting electricity



Paying taxes



Enforcing contracts

Kenya Bureau of Statistics (KBS) early this year, showed that investors regard domestic market growth potential, rule of law and existing regulations; availability of skilled workforce; quality of infrastructure and logistics; and access to other markets as the five major factors attracting them to do business in Kenya.

In respect to starting a business, respondents perceived that it takes a long time to register property and to acquire work permits. However, it takes a short time to register with social benefit schemes and the tax authority. The cost of access to business credit, electricity connection and acquisition of work permits was perceived to be high More than half of the investors interviewed said there were improvements in the access to telecommunication services, internet reliability, transport infrastructure

and tax administration over the last two years.

However, security, counterfeiting, corruption and access to land were rated to have deteriorated over the same period. Areas that require urgent government intervention in order to ensure smooth business operations were security, corruption, tax administration, cost of electricity and politics .

Liabilities

Stock of foreign liabilities increased by 25.2 per cent from KSh 634,155 million to KSh 794,026 million.

FDI accounted for the largest share of the total foreign liabilities and increased by 20.7 per cent from KSh 376,557 million to KSh 454,576 million . The major recipient sectors of FDI were Wholesale and Retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles; financial and insurance activities; and manufacturing which accounted for 24.3, 18.2 and 16.0 per cent of the total FDI inflows respectively. FDI inflows from the Far East region increased by 13.8 per cent to KSh 76,578 million with inflows from India rising by 41.0 per cent to KSh 27,783 million making it the leading source.

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PART 11 COUNTY SPECITIC INFORMATION BARINGO COUNTY INDICATORS Employment

Demographics Population

555,561

Total labour force

Male

279,081

Unemployed

66%

Female

276,480

Wage employment

34%

No. of households

103,734

Literacy level (labour force)

46 %

Growth rate average 2.1)

1.26 (national

Population density Average household size

656

50 per sq. kilo

No. of secondary schools

134

5.2 (national 4.4)

Pop with secondary school education

16%

Pop. with primary school education

48 %

Illiteracy level

36 %

The ratio of teacher to pupil

1:27

Sq.km

Built up land

5,985.32 (55%)

Forest cover

1,481.11 (14%)

Water bodies Agricultural land

196.69 (1%) 3,250.37 (30%)

Title deed holders

25%

Urban leasehold holders

5%

Customary land rights

70%

Doing business 2015 Rank

129

Doing business 2016 Rank

Education No of primary school

Land and land use Class

190,349

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Estimated land values in Urban Centres of Baringo County Kabarnet town

Shs3.2m per acre

Kabartonjo town

Shs1.8 m per acre

Marigat

Shs1.2m per acre

Mogotio

Shs1.5m per acre

Eldama Ravine

Shs2.5m per acre

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NATURAL RESOURCES Baringo County has a variety of natural resources that can be exploited by for large and small business enterprises. And although some of these are already being exploited, their full potential has yet to be realized. In addition, there are businesses that can be constructed as a result od the exploitation of the natural resources. Below are some of these natural resources.

Geothermal energy Baringo County has more than 3,000 megawatts (MW) of geothermal generated power already being exploited.

Silale, Paka, Korossi/Chepchuk and areas around lakes Baringo and Bogoria have been identified as sites which have potential for geothermal development. In addition, the block is capable of yielding up to 576,000 tonnes of water per day which can irrigate 57,000 hectares of land Solar, Wind, Bio fuel and Biogas are also available in commercially exploitable quantities. Biomass power generation from Prosopis Juliflora trees of at much above the 12MW currently generated.

Forests Although generally classified as semiarid area, Baringo County has one of the largest forest cover with rare and valuable tree species.

Areas with geothermal energy in

Gazetted forests in the County are mainly populated with indigenous trees and plantations of exotic trees like eucalyptus, pine and gravelia. These include; Tarambas, and Kabarnet forests in Baringo Central Sub-County; Tulwonin, Saimo,

15 Forest coverage of Baringo County Ketnwan forest and Katimok forests in Baringo North, Lembus Mogotio and Perkerra in Mogotio sub-County, Maji Mazuri Londiani Forests, Kibunja forest and Koibatek forest in Eldama Ravine SubCounty, and Ol Arabel forest in Baringo South sub-County.

Exotic plantation

454.90 ha

Indigenous forest ha

22,246.67

Shrubs/Woodland

30,000 ha

Indigenous forest under land trust 1,392.00 ha Total

54,094 ha

Mineral Resources Mineral potential of baringo County has not been fully explored. Further exploration of these minerals needs to be undertaken to establish the viability of commercial exploitation. Some important mineral deposits that are believed to exist in the County include Rubies, Diatomite, Flourite deposits around Tiaty Hills, Vermiculite, Trona at Lake Bogoria and Carbon Dioxide at Esageri in Mogotio subCounty.

Rubies from Kwirintoi mines in Baringo

Ruby deposits are found in the rocky terrain of Kwirintoi close to Waseges River to the east of Lake Bogoria, and at Kapleng’noi and Barsemoi to the west of Lake Baringo. Rubies and pink sapphires were first reported in the Baringo/ Bogoria area in 2001.

West of Baringo South where John Saul mines and Corby Company Ltd are the only companies which have mined Rubies in commercial quantities. In order to exploit this valuable resource, the security situation in that region is being addressed.

The current prospective site is East of Lake Bogoria around Mbechot area and

Soda Ash Soda Ash (Trona) deposits on the shores

16 of Lake Bogoria are mined in small quantities by the pastoralist community and used as salt licks for their livestock. Oil is currently under exploration in Barwessa

region of Baringo North sub-County while geo-thermal energy is under exploration in Silale in Tiaty sub-County.

Wildlife Baringo County is home to a wide range of wildlife. The main wildlife reserves and sanctuaries are: Lake Bogoria, Lake Baringo, Lake 94 and Lake Kamnarok, Nasolot, Saiwa swamp and Rimon. Lake Bogoria National Reserve was recently declared by United Nations Environmental, Science and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) as the World Heritage Site with spectacular hills suitable for bird watching.

It also has a range of wild animals including Greater Kudu, Leopards,

Wildlife found in Baringo County

Lions, Buffalos, Zebras, Hyenas, and Gazelles, baboon, Dik-dik and Klipspringer, the latter at the rocky slopes south and east of the lake.

Besides flamingoes, there are more than 500 bird species in the County as well as several scattered birds on cliffs and shrubs in the County. Baringo remains one of the world’s largest bird watching destinations.

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PART 111 EARLY TRADING AND CIVILIZATION Welcome to the home of the original man in Tugen Hills The creativity of the people of Baringo County cannot be demonstrated in the general folk tales of the Kalenjin community. It is demonstrated in the stories and traditions built around their own fact of existence in an area that is unique in many ways.

arind trees introduced ages ago from Arabia. It may be found in the bewildering varieties of birds in the Tugen Hills. Or it may be found in the slave trade secret of a now sleepy village of Koroto. Wherever it is found, the uniqueness has inspired the imagination and creativity of early man of The uniqueness may be found in the tam- Baringo and entranced scores of visitors and traders from around the world, who in One of the Tugen Hills one of the most turn helped to enrich the life of the people important areas of study of early Man

18 was immortalized by naming the trees brought by the Indians as tamarid tree.

Early trade also involved ivory, cowries shells , gold brass and hides.

Tamarind trees with fruits brought to Tugen hills by Indians years ago

of Baringo.

The journey of Baringo starts more than six million years with an early man known by scientists as Orrorin tugenensis. His remains were discovered around the Tugen Hills in 2001.

The story of Orrorin tugenensis makes Tugen Hills a repository of Kenya’s—and in deed the world’s culture and a glimpse to its future.

And instinctively human beings have been drawn to the hills since time immemorial.

Among them were early traders.

These early traders were Indians who brought along with them the famous tamarind trees of Tugen Hills. Then there were Arab slave dealers whose presence

The connection with traders from the coast of Kenya is something treasured by the Tugens of Baringo. In deed, a recent cultural festival held at the site of Koroto featured an ‘Lamu eyes’ traditionally nailed to the front of a dhow to keep away the evil eye.

Following hot on the heels of the Arabs were the Europeans led by the famous explorer Joseph Thomson in 1883. But it was colonialism that brought in a flood of Europeans especially administrators, educationists and Christians whose influence was much far-reaching. Many places in Baringo—including the capital town of Kabarnet—where named for some of these influential Europeans.

One of these uniques things are the great lakes—lakes Baringo and Bogoria. They are not just lakes in the great valley, they are unique in their own ways, making them a pivotal point for a variety of activities in Baringo County and beyond.

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PART 1V INVESTMENT AND TRADE OPPORTUNITIES Investment and trade opportunities are very much dependent on the natural resources. Baringo County is well endowed with natural resources.

This section looks at some of these opportunities that are particularly suitable for the Small and Medium investor Livestock-based industries The county supports a wide range livestock related enterprises which constitute 70% of the county. This sub sector plays an important economic and socio – cultural role among the community members. It contributes to the food and cash needs of the pastoralist and provide employment to 90% of the population. It provides raw materials for industries and the sector directly influencing the growth of the county’s economic growth.

Apart from rearing animals an invest has plenty of derivative investment opportunities.

Meat and milk processing are some of these industries. Hides and skins also offer great opportunities. Diseases and drought affect animals in Baringo county, thus creating a chance for an investor in hay and medicines –and even water supply for the animals as well as human beings.

‘I am sure that the first thing that comes to your mind when you think about farming is land. Most people are discouraged from starting dairy farming because they do not have “enough land”. But look at what I have done on my farm on just half an acre of land, where I live and have three green houses. I also keeping 20 dairy cows and I get over 500 litres of milk every day. From my farm I earn more than Kshs.1 million every month, occupies no more than just 2 acres. So you see, even if you have a 40X80 piece of land, you can still do dairy farming. ‘

Quality of products, distance to the markets, insufficient market information, lack of value addition initiatives, are other areas where investors can benefit. Offers offered include abattoirs, sale yards, vaccination and animal handling crushes, holding grounds and dips which are currently inadequate.

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Species of livestock in Baringo

Annual income from selected livestock

economic driver delivery 10% of growth.

Hay farming: Ignored opportunity

Currently, the Baringo Government is targeting to position livestock as a major

Crop Farming The main crops produced in Baringo County can be grouped into: 

Food Crops (Maize, beans etc.)



Cash Crops (Coffee, Sisal, pyrethrum, cotton)



Nuts (Groundnuts, macadamia)



Horticultural crops (Fruits and Vegetables)

These crops are grown using rainfall and irri-

Other trade opportunities are offered by fish trade and farming as well as bee keeping. With the great lakes of Baringo and Bogoria, fish is an important occupation in Baringo County. We will look at bee keeping in a subsequent section. gation. Cash crop farming potential for irrigation in the county is above 10,000 hectares The County is targeting is to have 10,000 Hectares to be under fruits in three years.

The County Government is looking for an investor in the fruits industry to start processing of the fruits at the same time reviving stalled winery factory at Marigat. The main fruits being promoted include: Mangoes, Bananas, passion fruit, pawpaws and avocadoes.

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Bee Keeping, Honey Processing and Cooperatives The fact that Baringo County could use bees to promote its investor conference clearly indicates the amount of bees and honey in the county. In fact, currently, the county has more than 135,000 beehives which produce only 579 tonnes annually earning the county Sh144 million.

And, according to Governor Benjamin Cheboi, the County government hope to increase production to Shs5billion every year.

Urging farmers to use modern behives, Cheboi said local log bee hives currently being used in the county produce a

Benefits of Unity Beekeepers in Kapkuikui area of Baringo South Sub-County formed a group and are now enjoying the benefits. They have increased and improved their behives. Their earnings in a season can exceed Sh.1.8 million which they distribute to members according to the amount of honey delivered.

Group members can earn in excess of Shs 200,000 a season which has made their lives comfortable.

“We are now able to cater for our families’ needs, including taking our children to school. Local youth have also ventured into the enterprise and some of them own between 20 and 40 hives, which have kept them from vices like drug abuse,” said Mr Simon Chesang.

maximum of 18 kilogrammes each season while the commercial hives can produce up to 70 kilogrammes in a season.

Honey production statistics Baringo North Sub-County is leading in honey production with 46,000 bee hives followed by Mogotio with 32,000 bee hives while Tiaty has 16,000 bee hives Koibatek Sub-County has 2,000 hives while Baringo South has 15,000

23 bee hives Kenya’s potential for apiculture development is estimated at over 100,000 tonnes of honey and 10,000 tonnes of beeswax per annum. At the moment only about one fifth of this potential is being exploited.

Various challenges have made it difficult for farmers to fully harness the opportunities that lie in beekeeping. Among these challenges are the inadequate training in beekeeping technologies for farmers and staff, insufficient research on apiculture, inaccessibility of credit for farmers as well as lack of development of quality standards. Beekeeping provides a second and possibly third source of income to small-scale farmers.

Cooperatives and groups Many of these challenges can be

solved if farmers join up in groups and cooperatives Governor Cheboi advices farmers to form cooperatives in order to develop the honey value chain and to avoid being exploited by unscrupulous middlemen.

In a group such as that of the Kapkuikui farmers, marketing becomes easier and incomes inprove (See our box story).

For example, the county government was able to assist the farmers of Kapjuikui with Sh2 million to set up a honey processing plant. This, according to the chairman, has enabled the group to do value addition for their honey.

Processed honey fetches about Sh500 a kilogramme, unlike crude honey which sells at Sh185 a kilogramme. The group thus is able to earn Sh4.9 million a season, up from Sh1.8 million currently.

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tional practices.

The tourism industry is fairly developed in the County, with Lake Bogoria National Reserve, Lake Baringo, Ruko Conservancy, Kabarnet Museum and Snake Park and being the major tourist attractions. The rich wildlife diversity and hot springs found in the County are major attractions that lure tourists to the County. The diverse cultures and heritage among the communities living in Baringo are another form of tourist attraction such as cultural and tradi-

The County government seeks for partners to help develop Ruko Conservancy in Baringo South measuring about 19,000 hectares. It is also reclaiming Lake Kamnarok where crocodiles thrive. Development of Lodges at the lake Baringo and Cheploch Gorge is a great opportunity to allow tourists take a view of the panoramic scenery of the lake and Kerio River.

With the rich diversity of tourism Turn to page26

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PART IV The Role of Cooperative in Wealth Creation in Baringo County I feel privileged to ‘COOPERATIVES ARE have worked in the THE WAY OUT OF Cooperative movement for 33 Years. POVERTY’ My view is that the cooperative move- down. All the societies were booming ment in Kenya is with business. Products of the the ideal vehicle to Mogoswok Beekeepers and Honey Rebring about faster finery, were stocked in every superdevelopment and market. The honey was, of course, the to eradicate pov-erty. Every communi- best. Fisheries Cooperative Society in ty has the potential to form a coopera- Lake Baringo was doing well. Cotton in tive Society and use it to improve their Kerio Valley improved incomes and edstandards of living. Poverty is a man- ucated the children of the residents. made phe-nomenon created out of ig- Then leadership wrangles started and norance or intention-ally to create de- the societies collapsed. Today the rependency of some people upon others sources are still there, but the people of for political manipulation. If the people Baringo are among the poorest in the could know what they can achieve on country. their own by put-ting their resources together and using economies of scale, Nationally and Internationally, calls are the situation would definitely be differ- "Back to Basics". Communities are beent. ing urged to form groups in order to be assisted. The truth is they should first I can testify to this from my own expe- assist themselves by agreeing to come, rience. I worked with Tugen Hills reason and pool their resources together Farmers Cooperative Society Ltd in before the government or a donor Baringo for four years, from 1982 to comes to their aid. Those who have August 1985. Through their coopera- managed to stick together are better off tive, the farmers were getting regular economically than those who are still income from the sale of their milk, cof- struggling to put their houses in order. fee, pyrethrum and cereals. Stores for farm inputs and implements were full The big challenge lies in finding and from Tenges, Kabarnet, Kabartonjo to training managers for this vital moveBartolimo. While Honey from ment. Books should be kept on the best Mogoswok and Fish from Lake Barin- management practices. Best of all, we go reached Markets with ease. need to learn from those who have experience—those who have built cooperLorries, tractors and small vehicles atives from zero to large enterprises. were busy carrying goods up and This, I believe, is the gap which the current Leadership should address.

26 Find the answer in Investment news Book. I am sure you will be encouraged to look at cooperatives with excitement.

Cooperatives are truly the way out of pov-erty! Leaders should be true developers of their People.

Research and documentary to feature managers who have been with the saccos since inception and painstakingly grown them to become key players in the Kenyan economy. Some like Harambee, Ukulima, Kenya Bankers, Stima SACCO, Biashara SACCO to men- Moses Chebor, tion only a few are helping develop Cities and Towns by putting up modern CEO, BORESHA SACCO. (Formely houses and generally becoming engines Baringo Teachers SACCO Society of development. How do the managers do it?

Tourism From page 24

attractions, there exist opportunities to provide tour facilities like tour vans and tour guides. Young graduates who major in tourism will find excellent opportunities to showcase their talent in the industry. Other tourism activities that can be promoted are: clubs, recreational and amusement parks; boat rides at Chemususu Dam, rock climbing on the cliffs of Morop and Tugen hills, cultural showcases and dances.

Tugen Hills offer opportunities for even more creative investments. Already there are hundreds of scientist vising the hills on excavation mission. There are therefore teachers and students around the world that would be inter-

est in academic tours.

The hills in Baringo County are also home to exotic wildlife and have a towering presence due to the two hammock-like land features. Other scientist would be interested in studying birds said to number more than 400 species.

There are opportunities too for agrotourism especially in the coffee growing areas.

The County Government itself is encouraging conference tourism, film making, hotels and camp sites.

Features that the County is counting on are cliffs, waterfalls, Valley and escarpments.