Top Surgeons Making a Global Impact in Surgery

E t  s ‘ N o t e

Pearl Shaw

Pearl Shaw

Masters of Modern Medicine

Surgery is more than a procedure It’s precision,

courage,andtrust—comingtogethertosavelives.And behindeverylifechangedisasurgeonwhochosetogo further

These professionals do more than operate. They lead. They innovate.Theystaycalminchaosandmaketoughcallswith compassion.Everymovetheymakecarriesthepowertoheal, andtheweightofresponsibility

Buttoday’stopsurgeonsgobeyondtheoperatingroom.They shareknowledge.Theydevelopnew techniques.Theybring hope to places where resources are limited. They don’t just followmedicalprogress—theydriveit.

Across the world, surgeons are creating impact that crosses borders. They are not just changing patients’lives—they’re shapingthefutureofhealthcare.Theirworkisproofthatskill, heart,andpurposecantrulymakeaglobaldifference.

In this special edition of Insights Care, we proudly present the ‘Top Surgeons Making a Global Impact in Surgery.’ These are the changemakers, the innovators, and the quiet heroespushingboundariesinmodernmedicine.

Theirstoriesremindusofwhat’spossiblewhenpassionmeets purpose.And that healing doesn’t start with a tool—it starts withvision.

We hope this edition leaves you informed, inspired, and in aweofwhattrueleadershipinsurgerylookslike.

HappyReading!

Contents

Table of Cover Story

ChiefofCardiacSurgery

Dr.LeeErrett

St.Michael’sHospital, UniversityofToronto

Lee Errett

Pioneering a Future Where Quality

Healthcare Knows No Borders

It wasn’t just about helping with the cataract surgery. I was thrown into a position I hadn’t anticipated—becoming a nurse, helping prepare patients, and making sure everything went smoothly post-surgery.

“It’sareminderofhowarelativelysimpleinterventioncan havesuchaprofoundimpactonaperson’slife.Itstayed withmelongafterthemissionwasover,”hesays.

BuildingaGlobalHealthcareNetwork

AlthoughDr.Errettspent17yearsatSt.Michael’s Hospital,hisglobalperspectivewasshapedbyexperiences thatextendedfarbeyondCanada.Oneofhismost significantcontributionshasbeenhisworkinChina,where hehastraveled27timeswithBMDAC,expandingsurgical trainingprogramsandhealthcareaccessibility.Eachyear, heleadsateamof60surgeonsandphysicians,impacting over150medicalcentersannually.Hisapproachhas transformedglobalsurgeryfromshort-terminterventionsto long-termregionalcommitments,ensuringsustainable healthcareimprovements.BeyondChina,hisworkhas spanned34countriesover30years,addressingsystemic challengesinsurgicalcarewhiletrainingthenext generationofhealthcareleaders.Hisleadershipphilosophy iscenteredonensuringthatmedicalinitiativesfosterlongtermimpactratherthantemporaryrelief.

“Wehadtraineesfrom21differentcountries,fromregions wherethehealthcaresystemfacedsignificantchallenges,” hesays.“Thesespecialistscametolearn,butwealso learnedfromthem.Theyreturnedtotheircountrieswith advancedskillsandknowledge,helpingtoelevatethe standardsofcareandcreatesustainablechanges.”

Hisleadershipstyleemphasizescollaborationandshared responsibility.“Whenyou'reworkingasateam,especially inhealthcare,everypatientistheresponsibilityofevery memberoftheteam.Knowingthatsupportexistsamongst yourco-workersmakesahugedifference,”heexplains.The sameapproachappliedinhisglobalhealthcaremissions, whereheworkedcloselywithcolleaguesfromother countries,alwaysfosteringapartnership-based,ratherthan hierarchical,approach.

“Inmanypartsoftheworld,themedicalcultureisvery hierarchical—onebosscallstheshots,”Dr.Errettexplains. “Butinmyview,it’simportanttoapproachhealthcareasa partnership.Whenwegotoothercountries,wearenotjust the‘experts.’Wearecolleagues.There’ssomuchtolearn fromoneanother.”Thisattitudeofhumilityandrespecthas beenfundamentalinhisapproachtointernationalmissions inplaceslikeChina,Africa,andtheCaribbean.Ithas earnedhimnotjusttrust,butthecontinuedinvitationto returnandcollaborateonongoingprojects.

ThePowerofLeadershipinHealthcare

Dr.Errett’sworkextendsbeyondteachingandsurgical interventions;hisleadershipphilosophyiscenteredon sustainability Amajorrealizationfromhisinternational workisthatit’snotenoughtosimplyperformsurgeriesand leave.“Weneedtobuildsystemsthatwillcontinuelong afterwe’regone,”hestresses.Hisaimistocreateselfsustaininghealthcaresystemsthatwilleventuallynot requiretheexpertiseofforeigndoctors,butthatwill functionautonomouslytoaddresstheneedsoftheir populations.

Dr.Errettbelievesthatsuccessfulglobalhealthinitiatives requirethreekeyelements:securinggovernmentapproval, fosteringcollaborationwithlocalmedicalteams,and earningthetrustofpatients.Withoutthese,eventhemost well-intendedeffortsstruggletocreatelastingchange.His workthroughBMDACandtheUniversityofToronto ensuresthatbeyondprovidingmedicalcare,histeamsalso trainlocalsurgeons,equiphospitals,anddeveloplong-term healthcareinfrastructuretoenableself-sufficientmedical systems.“Iwanttoprovidethetools—education,training, infrastructure—sothatlocaldoctorscancontinuethis work,”hesays.“It’saboutcreatinglastingchange.”

Akeypartofthisisthepracticeofmentorship.Dr.Errett hasalwaysbelievedincultivatinggrowthnotjustin individualsbutinentireteams.“I’mafirmbelieverthat leadershipshouldnotbeaboutindividualrecognition.It shouldbeaboutenablingotherstosucceed,”hesays, highlightingtheimportanceofmentorshipinbuilding futurehealthcareleaders.“Idon’twanttojustbeagood surgeon.Iwanttobesomeonewhocreatesanenvironment whereotherscanthrive.”

In many parts of the world, the medical culture is very hierarchical—one boss calls the shots. But in my view, it’s important to approach healthcare as a partnership

Hisabilitytocultivatenewleadersisevidentinthenetwork ofsurgeons,healthcareprofessionals,andacademicswho havebeeninspiredbyhiswork.Severalofhisformer fellowsandcolleaguesnowleadtheirowninternational healthcareprojects,perpetuatingthecultureofeducation andsustainablehealthcarepracticeshehelpedestablish. “Whenyoumentorsomeone,youdon’tjustteachthemhow toperformasurgery Youteachthemhowtothinkabout medicine,toapproachitwithempathyandrespect,andto passthatknowledgedown,”hereflects.Hislegacywillbe measurednotjustbythenumberofsurgeriesheperformed, butbytherippleeffecthe’screatedwithinthemedical community

TheGlobalHealthcareCrisis

The2015LancetCommissiononGlobalSurgery highlightedthat5billionpeoplelackaccesstosafe, affordablesurgicalcare—acrisisthatcontributestomore deathsthanTB,malaria,HIV,andEbolacombined.Dr. Erretthasseenfirsthandhowthesegapsinhealthcare accessaffectmillions.“Despitehavingtheresourcestotreat everyone,wefailtodoso,”heexplains,emphasizingthe urgentneedforglobalhealthcarereformthatprioritizes surgicalaccessandlong-termsolutions.

Hisadvocacygoesbeyondawareness—itisrootedin tangibleaction.Hehasbeenworkingtirelesslytoraise awarenessabouttheimportanceofsurgicalcareanditslack

We can’t just sit on the sidelines and pretend this isn’t happening. Every day, people are dying because they cannot access the care they need. That has to change

ofaccessibilityindevelopingcountries.Hispassionfor addressingthisissueisnotonlyevidentinhisspeechesbut inhisdailycommitmenttoglobalhealthcarereform.“We can’tjustsitonthesidelinesandpretendthisisn’t happening.Everyday,peoplearedyingbecausethey cannotaccessthecaretheyneed.Thathastochange.”

AVisionforHealthcare’sFuture

Lookingforward,Dr.Errettcontinuestobedrivenbya singularmission:toensurethateveryone,nomatterwhere theylive,hasaccesstohigh-qualityhealthcare.His leadership,bothinhisworkatSt.Michael’sHospitaland oninternationalmissions,isgroundedinthebeliefthat healthcareshouldbeauniversalright,notaprivilege.His workisfarfromfinished,butthelegacyheis building—throughmentorship,education,andsustainable healthcaremodels—isonethatwillinspirefuture generationsofhealthcareleaders.

AllofDr.Errett’sworkisonbehalfoftheUniversityof Toronto,reinforcingitscommitmenttoadvancingglobal healthcaresolutions.“Thefutureofhealthcareliesin collaborationandaccess,”heasserts.“Wemustlook beyondimmediatechallengesandfocusonbuildinga healthcaresystemthatserveseveryone,everywhere.”His lifelongmissionremainsclear:toensurethathigh-quality healthcareisaccessibletoall,regardlessofgeographyor economicstatus.”

GLOBAL SUBSCRIPTION

Cardiovasculardiseaseisstillamongtheleading

causesofdeathgloballyandthusamongthe reasonsformedicaltechnologytokeepbeingmore efficientinitshealing.Thelatestadvancesintheheart's treatmentareroboticsandartificialintelligence(AI).They aretransformingheartsurgerywithgreateraccuracy,less risk,andquickerrecovery WithmoreadvancedAI-based analyticsandrobot-assistedprocedures,thescienceof cardiovascularmedicineisadvancingtowardaless expensive,moreefficient,andsafereraforheartsurgery.

AIinHeartSurgery:PrecisionandDecision-Making Improvement

Moreandmore,artificialintelligenceisbeingusedinheart surgerytohelpthesurgeondiagnosedisease,planthe procedure,andpredictpreoperativecomplications.Itcando thiswithmachinelearningsoftwarebysortingthrough mountainsofinformationonpatientsandcreatingpatterns thathumanexpertscannotunderstand.Itisdiagnosingheart diseasesatanearlystage,customizingtreatment,and improvingsurgicalmethods.

OneofthemostuncomplicatedapplicationsofAIin cardiacsurgeryisimaging.Computersthatareprogrammed withAIcanreadechocardiograms,CTscans,andMRIs almostaswellasahumancan,andwithhigh-definition real-timeimaging,surgeonscanliterallyseewhatthey're gettingthemselvesinto.AI-enhancedequipmenthelps preoperativeplanningbyallowingsurgeonstobetter visualizetheheartanatomysothatthereislesschancethat theywillgetintotroubleoncetheyareinside.

Apartfromthat,AIcanalsoforecasttheresultofpatients basedontheevaluationofdifferentriskfactorssuchasthe ageofthepatient,patienthistory,andpatientgenes. Predictiveanalyticsallowdoctorstoidentifythebest methodofconductingsurgeryonsomepatientsthat optimizessurvivalandminimizespost-surgery complications.

Robotic-AssistedHeartSurgery:PrecisionBeyond HumanCapability

Roboticallyassistedcardiacsurgeryhasbeenanageof precision,flexibility,anddelicacythatisunmatched. RoboticsystemsliketheDaVinciSurgicalSystemare becomingmorecommoninminimalaccesscardiacsurgery, andthemoreaccuratelyanddelicatelythesurgeonisable tooperate.

In surgery,

the smallest detail can mean the difference between SUCCESS AND

FAILURE.

AliDodge-Khatami

Professor,DirectorofMinimal

InvasivePediatric &CongenitalHeartSurgery

UniklinikumAachen

Ithasonlybeenrecentlythatincreasedawareness,through onlineandpublishedmedia,isreachingparents,patients, referringpediatriccardiologistsandpediatricians,forthe minimalinvasiveapproachtobenotjust“onthehorizon” andpotentiallyavailableatcertaincentersincertain specializedhands,butactuallydemandedorexpectedby thoseseekingcare,andthisisoneofthebiggersteps forward.

Canyoutellusaboutsomeofthemostchallengingcases you’veencounteredinyourcareer,andhowyourteam approachedthosecomplexsurgeries?

Therehavebeenmany,andtherewillalwayscomenew numerouschallengingcases—they’renottheexception,but rathertherule(actuallyeverysomanydaystoweeks,quite often).Whilethevastmajoritygowell,througha combinationofyourownluck,expertiseandstrengthof yourteam,youneverreallyrememberthem.Wisdom correctlysays,“youlearnnothingfromsuccess.”Therefore, notsurprisingly,youreallyremembertheonesthatdidn’t gosowell,andyoumustfindawaytolearn,pickyourself up,andstandtall,fromyourfailuresorshortcomings.I couldgoonandonwithanecdotalchallenginggreatcases fillingentirechapters,whichwouldn’treallyinterestthe readers,butprobablymoretothepointiswhatI’velearned, togetherwithmyteam,fromgoingthroughthetough experiences.

Takingcareofchallengingpatientsisateamsport,and everyoneplaysanimportantpart.Whenthingsarerough, youhavetosticktogether.Removingblamefromthe picture,completelyandacrossthespectrum,isafirst importantstepinestablishingmutualrespectand confidenceamongstyourteam.Likeyou,theyaretryingto dotheirbestforthepatients,baby,childoradult,every

singletime,beitfora“simple”orcomplexprocedure. Themirrorimageofthisconcept,byextension,isbeing painfullyhonest,andacknowledgingresponsibilityforany mishap.Ithinkstrivingforexcellenceisadailygoalfor many,andrealisticallyachievedbyasumofthegreat trainingonewasluckyenoughtohave,beingmeticulously prepared,tryingone’sutmostbesteverysingletime,andby learningfrommistakes.

AtUniklinikumAachen,howdoyoufoster collaborationbetweenvariousmedicaldepartmentsto ensurethebestcareforpediatriccardiacpatients?

MuchofthisiscoveredbywhatIjustmentionedforthe formerquestion.Team-buildingacrossmultiplemedical specialitiesinvolvesmeticulousorganizationwithoutbeing overpoweringormicromanagingintothedomainand/or expertiseofyourcolleagues.Givepraiseforperformance andgoodattitude,prepareforalleventualitiesthrough anticipationandthoroughcommunication,removeblame formishaps,provideconstructivefeedbacktoenhance confidence,andgoonsomeextracurricularpeople-bonding activitieswithyourteamonceinawhile;itgoesalong way.Itallsoundsprettyclichéandeasy,butimplementing itonaregularbasisactuallydefinesexcellence,which manyteamsincludingmyownarestillstrivingfor.The culminationofthesefactors,inasustainedfashionover time,iswhatmakegreatteamsachievegreatoutcomesfor theirlittleheartpatients.

You’vebeeninstrumentalinshapingthelandscapeof congenitalheartsurgery—whatisthemostrewarding aspectofworkingwithpediatricpatientswhorequire theselife-savingprocedures?

I’vebeenprivilegedtobeapartofthecongenitalheart surgeryworldforthelast25years,throughvarious countriesI’veworkedinwiththeirdifferentmedical systems,beitinadvanceduniversityteachinghospitalsor duringmanyhumanitarianmissionsinemergingprograms atvariousstagesoftheirdevelopment—ithasbeenand continuestobeanawe-inspiringjourney.Nomatterwhere I’vebeenorwhatI’veseenorparticipatedin,thereisa commonthread,whichisahumblingmotivationto continue:

Parentstrustuswiththelivesoftheirbabiesandchildren, mostoftenwithgreatchancesforsurvivalandimproved qualityoflife,butalsosometimesagainstdifficultoddsand uncertainoutcomes.Always,thereishopeandlove.Itis somethingIfeelverystronglyaboutandwanttohonour

Whatadvicewouldyouoffertoyoungsurgeonsaspiring toenterthefieldofpediatricandcongenitalheart surgery,particularlythoseinterestedinmastering minimalinvasivetechniques?

Maybetwoseeminglyoppositemindsets,althoughIwould wagerthattheyarecomplimentary:

Thinkoutsidethebox,andkeepabroadmind,bysoaking upandincorporatingasmuchasyoucanfromthevarious surgeonsandtheirteamswhosurroundyou.Theymaydo thingsverydifferently,butallhavethesamegoal,namely, toachieveexcellentoutcomes—thereareindeedmany differentroadsleadingtoRome.IalwayssayI’mamixof 14surgeons,includingmyselfandthe13othersI’ve workedwith,whichisarichrecipeofdosanddon’ts resultinginauniquecombinedflavourofsurgery.

AquotefromthelategreatMr.MarcdeLeval,oneofthe truemastersinourfieldwholedtheteaminGreatOrmond StreetHospitalforSickChildreninLondon,UK: “Attentiontodetail!”

Digdeep,neverloseyourfocusontheendgoal,nevergive up,butenjoythejourney,asyou’llonlylivethroughit once.

Lookingahead,whatdoyoubelievewillbethenext groundbreakingdevelopmentsinpediatricand congenitalheartsurgery,andhowcanthenext generationofsurgeonspreparefortheseinnovations?

Therearestillquiteafewunansweredquestionsand lesions/physiologyforwhichwedon’thavegoodanswers, withtremendousroomforimprovement.Whattodowith unrepairablevalveswhichwedonotwanttoreplacein growingchildren,asallextantvalvereplacementoptions donotgrow,i.e.,whenwilltissue-engineeredgrowing valvesfinallycomeintodailypractice?Whatarethebetter solutionsforend-stageheartfailurewhicharecurrently managedbyvariousmechanicalassist-devicesasabridge torecovery,bridgetodecision,bridgetotransplant,or directcardiactransplantation,i.e.,willlong-lasting myocardialcells/tissuefinallyincorporatetheheartand last?WeneedbettersolutionstotheFontan-Kreutzer paradigmforsingleventriclelesions,orreallythinkingoutof-the-boxpathwaysnottolandwiththiscomplex physiologytobeginwith.I’mnotsurethereisanywayto “prepareforinnovation.”Rather,Icanonlyencouragethe nextgenerationto“Betheinnovator”andmakeithappen.

YouareinvolvedinhumanitarianeffortsaspartofThe GlobalCardiacAlliance.Canyoutellusmoreabout someofthechallengesandsuccessesyouhave encounteredinthesesurgicalmissionsabroad?

GlobalCardiacAlliancewasinitiatedbyDr William Novickin1993,underadifferentnameatthetime,but whichcontinuesunderthiscurrentnamesince2014.For thelast32years,itsmissionhasbeentoeradicate congenitalheartdiseaseindevelopingcountriesonall continentsacrosstheworld,byestablishing/performing cardiacsurgery,diagnosticsandpost-operativecare,while trainingandteachinglocalteamstoeventuallyprovidefor theirownchildrenwithcongenitalheartdisease.

Itisahumanitariannon-profitorganizationwhichhas performedcardiacsurgeriesonmorethan23,000children sinceitsinceptionandcontinuestoorganizemultiplefully equippedcardiacsurgicalmissionsperyearinhost countries.I’vebeenvolunteeringandperformingsurgeries withthemsince2008,inavarietyofcountriessuchas Ukraine,NorthernMacedonia,Georgia,Honduras, Lebanon,Libya,DRCongo,Kenya,Russia,andVietnam.

Thereisstillalotofroomonmanycontinentstointroduce, establishandimproveonprovidinglife-savingsurgeryand healthcareforchildrenwithcongenitalheartdefects.Beit incountriesduringpeacetimeorinconflictzones,finding localteamswhoarewillingandcapableoflearningand becomingindependenttoprovidecarefortheirownlocal pediatricpopulation,whilefindingpoliticalstabilityand soundfundinginasustainablefashionremainsagreat challengeduetonumerouspotentialobstacles.

Thesechallengescanbeovercome,andthereishugehope. Onthebrightside,savingthelife/improvingthehealth statusofEACHCHILD,oneatatime,isaSUCCESS,for eachfamilyandperhapsextendedtoitscommunity

Next-Gen Surgery Advancements

Cardiacsurgeryhaschangedcompletelyoverthe

pastfewdecadeswithprecisionmedicine, technology,andpatient-centeredcare.Robotics combinedwithartificialintelligence(AI)andminimally invasivesurgicaltechniqueshaverevolutionizedthe practicesofheartsurgeries.Themostsignificantleading causesofdeathintheworldarisefromcardiovascular diseases(CVDs)whichfuturetechnologyplayscrucial rolesthroughbetteroutcomesalongwithshorterrecovery durationsforsafertreatmentofpatients.

MinimallyInvasiveandRobot-AssistedCardiac Surgery

Thegreatestinnovationinmoderncardiacsurgeryconsists ofrobot-assistedproceduresandminimallyinvasive surgeryapproaches.Modernheartsurgerybringsfaster recuperationthroughsmallincisionsinsteadofusingopenheartsurgicalmethodsthatrequiredangerouslargecutsand lengthyhospitalperiods.

ThedaVinciSurgicalSystemservesasanexampleof roboticallyassistedcardiacsurgerydeviceswhichenhance complexoperationswithimprovedprecisionandhandling capabilitiesforsurgeons.Thesurgeonusesroboticarms throughaconsolewhichprovides3Dhigh-definition imagingofthesurgicalsite.Thetechniquefindsitsideal useintreatingdamagedmitralvalves,performingcoronary arterybypassgrafting,andcuttingoutproblemareasof atrialfibrillation.Patientsreceivethreeadvantagesfrom theseinterventionswhichincludedecreasedinfectionrisk andpain,shorterhospitalstays,andafasterreturnto regularactivities.

ArtificialIntelligenceandMachineLearninginCardiac Surgery

Thefieldofcardiacsurgerymakesconsiderablegainsfrom artificialintelligenceandmachinelearningbecausethese technologiesenablesurgeonstoplanbeforeoperations,use real-timedataduringoperations,andmanagepatientspostsurgery.Computerprogramsuseanalyzedpatient backgroundandtestoutcomestocreatesurgicalriskmodels alongwithspecifictreatmentrecommendations.

Modernmachinelearningsoftwareanalyzesprecise echocardiogramandCTscanandMRIscanresultsto diagnosecardiacconditionsbeforetheyadvance. Subsequentstagesofroboticsurgerysystemdevelopment utilizeartificialintelligencetoexecutestitchingoperations whilereducingoperatormistakesanddeliveringhigher

proceduralprecision.Hospitalresourceplanningreceives benefitsalongsideproceduralaccuracyimprovementsfrom thesetechnologies.

3DPrintingandCustomizedCardiacImplants

3Dprintingenablesdetailedpatient-specificplanningfor cardiacproceduresbecauseofitsimplementationin medicine.Surgeonsuseimagingdatatoprintheartmodels ofindividualpatientsthenutilizethesemodelsfor practicingcomplicatedsurgicalproceduresbeforehospital treatments.Throughtheprocedure,surgicalteamsachieve higherprecisionwhileloweringintraoperative complicationstoasubstantialextent.

Thetechnologyenablesdoctorstocreatepatient-tailored designsforheartvalvesandstentsaswellasimplantsby usingindividualanatomicaldata.Customizeddesign enhancesdevicecompatibility,whichleadstofewer immunereactionsandbettersurgicalperformance.Through itsrelativelynewandemergingstatus,authoritieswithin thisfieldnowinvestigatewaystodevelophumanheart tissueandpotentiallyprintfullindividualheartorgans whichcouldrevolutionizecardiactransplantoperations.

TranscatheterHeartProceduresandValveReplacement

Doctorsprefertranscatheterproceduresasminimally invasivemedicalproceduresaboveopen-heartsurgery treatment.TAVR,togetherwithTMVR,hasrevolutionized thetreatmentofvalvularheartdiseasespecificallyfor patientswhocannotundergostandardsurgicalprocedures becauseofhigh-riskprofiles.

Theimplantationofcatheter-basedprostheticvalves throughthefemoralarteryoccurswithoutperforming sternotomysurgery(openingofthechest).TAVRprovides patientsshorterscarring,reducedhospitalizationtime,and fasterrecoveryspeeds.Medicalteamsnowemploy identicalinnovativemethodswhentreatingpatientsfor mitralandtricuspidvalvesurgerytogeneratebettersafety results.

AdvancesinCardiopulmonaryBypassandPerfusion Technology

TraditionalheartsurgerycommonlyemploysCPBpumps, whichareusedtotemporarilytakeovertheroleoftheheart andlungs.Advancesinperfusiontechnologyareoptimizing CPBsafetyandefficacyandminimizingcomplicationssuch asinflammation,clotting,andorganfailure.

MiniaturizedbiocompatiblecircuitsofCPBarebeing engineeredtoreducebloodtraumaandpreserveorgan function.Normothermicperfusiontechnologiesenable physiologicalconditions,i.e.,enhancedpost-operative recoveryanddecreasedcomplications.Suchtechnologies lieatthecenteroftheprovisionofenhancedpatient outcomesinintricatecardiacsurgery

GeneandStemCellTherapyinCardiacRegeneration

Regenerativemedicine,includinggeneandstemcell therapy,isofoutstandingpromiseinthecureofoncepermanentcardiacdisorders.Bonemarrow,umbilicalcord, orstemcellsderivedfromiPSCareemployedtorestore damagedhearttissues,improvethefunctionoftheheart, andpreventheartfailure.

Genetherapyisalsobeingtestedinclinicaltrialstorestore unhealthyheartmusclebyinducingnewbloodvessel formation.Thetreatmentscanreducesurgeryandconfer long-termbenefittopatientswithadvancedcardiovascular disease.

RemoteMonitoringandWearableTechnologies

Utilizationofwearableandremotemonitoringdevicesin postcardiacsurgerycareandearlydetectionof complicationshasbeenagame-changer.Smartwatches, implantablesensors,andbiosensorscantrackreal-timevital signslikeheartrate,oxygensaturation,andECGtrendsand warnthepatientsandphysiciansincaseofanydeviation.

Remotemonitoringdecreaseshospitalreadmission,enables earlyintervention,andinvolvespatients'individualized cardiaccareplans.Telemedicineisalsoverycrucialinpostsurgeryfollow-upssinceitenablesthepatienttositdown withtheirdoctorwithoutnecessarilyhavingtovisit hospitalsoccasionally

-Natalie May

“

Healing is a matter of time, but it is sometimes also a matter of opportunity.