Inshore ireland Vol 9 nr 1 Feb-Mar 2013

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February/March 2013 Vol 9 Issue 1

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‘Sea lice not a significant factor in decline of wild salmon’ - Marine Institute Gery Flynn

A

nine-year investigation by the Marine Institute into the possible causes of the steep decline in the survival rate of Atlantic salmon at sea concludes that sea lice infestation plays a relatively minor role - accounting for only 1% of overall marine mortality rate in the stocks studied, or ten fish in a thousand.

Inland Fisheries Ireland, another State agency, but charged with responsibility for the protection, management and conservation of inland fisheries and sea angling resources however says that this 1% “maybe the crucial tipping point” (see page 13).

Dr David Jackson who manages the Marine Institute’s Aquaculture Section and is in charge of the National Sea lice Monitoring and Control Programme confirmed to Inshore Ireland that the study, which involved over 350,000 migrating salmon from twenty-eight releases at eight locations on Ireland’s south and west coasts between 2001 and 2009, “provides clear evidence that while sea lice-induced mortality on outwardly migrating smolts can be significant, it is a minor and irregular component of marine mortality in the stocks studied and is unlikely to be a significant factor influencing conservation status of salmon stocks”.

“remains unclear” it was likely to be due to a variety of different factors.

“The list of possible causes is long and could be due to a combination of these.

Global warming; changes in locations or availability of prey species associated with the North Atlantic oscillation; increased fishing pressure and predation; habitat changes and the loss of post-smolts as

by-catch in pelagic fisheries; sea lice infestation and sea lice-induced mortality have all been suggested. However, the results of a thorough analysis of the combined data over nine years suggests that sea lice are unlikely to be a significant factor,” he declared.

Standing firmly behind his findings, Jackson believes it is very important to realise that

his team’s conclusions are based “on large samples of fish” ― and over a significant time period.

“We’ve been looking at sea lice on wild salmon for a number of decades now, and have published half-adozen scientific papers on our research. We’ve found that lice-induced mortality to be, on average, around 1% while over the same period the

average mortality in smolts is over 90%. Also, that level of mortality wasn’t found in all samples. In fact, it was only about 40% of samples where there was a significant level of mortality that could be attributed to sea lice.”

Research leaders

He added that Ireland is to »» page 12

Reason unclear

He added that while the cause for the alarming declining trend in sea survival of wild Atlantic salmon

Donal Maguire, Aquaculture Development Manager with BIM, speaking at the public meeting and debate on the proposed Galway Bay Salmon Farm held at the Nuns Island Theatre, Galway photo: Joe O’Shaughnessy, courtesy of The Connacht Tribune

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inshore ireland February/March 2013

News

Minister targets political agreement on fisheries policy reform within Irish EU presidency Gillian Mills

M

inister for Agriculture, Food and the Marine, Simon Coveney, in his capacity as President of the European Council of Fisheries Ministers, has welcomed the European Parliament’s endorsement on the reform agenda for the Common Fisheries Policy,

prioritised for delivery by the end of June.

The vote is seen as a major step forward in the process to deliver on maximum sustainable yield (MSY); elimination of the controversial practice of discards (dumping at sea) and a switch to long-term (scientifically based) planning for fisheries.

“I’m particularly pleased this vote occurred during the Irish EU Presidency; this shows the

pivotal role Ireland can play in influencing broader European Policy and in bringing together divergent views towards an agreed reform package.

“Ireland has set out an ambitious work programme aimed at delivering an agreed package by the end of June.

This objective can only be realised if Parliament, Council and the Commission work together,” he said.

Minister Coveney added that while a momentum was now

Commission support

C

ommissioner for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries, Maria Damanaki said she was especially pleased with the Parliament’s support for a policy that was based on exploiting fisheries resources sustainably (according to the principle of MSY from 2015) and a policy that introduces a discard ban with clear dates to put an end to wasteful practices.

“I would like to congratulate the Parliament on this success and I look forward to the work that the Council and the Parliament will soon start, to ensure the adoption of the reform of the CFP,” she said.

She added that CFP reform aims to create the conditions for EU fishing fleets to be economically viable and to promote EU aquaculture.

“Fisheries management should allow all stocks to be rebuilt to healthy levels that will maximise catches for fishermen. The wasteful practice of discarding perfectly edible fish must be gradually stopped with clear obligations and deadlines, allowing fishermen the time to adapt.

“Decisions on fisheries management must be taken with the involvement of fishermen and stakeholders, and must take into account the specificities of the sea basins,” she said.

Marine Institute Foras na Mara

Ireland's National Agency for Marine Research and Innovation

gathering he acknowledged he had set an ambitious work programme and that differences existed between the European Council and Parliament, particularly regarding multi-annual

fisheries plans.

“It is only in a framework of mutual cooperation and flexibility that the objective of a reformed CFP can be delivered in the lifetime of the current Irish Presidency.”

The road to reform At the first meeting of Ireland’s Presidency of the Agri/ Fish Council, fisheries minister Simon Coveney said that the “overarching goal” for the new CFP was for a “sustainable, profitable and self-reliant industry that protects and enhances the social and economic fabric of rural coastal communities dependent on the seafood sector, while balancing these objectives with the need to deliver sustainable fisheries for future generations.”

Presenting the work programme he outlined his intention of reaching a Council agreement on the Basic Regulation of the Common Fisheries Policy, at the February Council. February also begins trialogues between the Council; Parliament and the Commission on the Regulation of Common Markets Organisation. A Council agreement on the European Maritime and Fisheries Fund Regulation is planned for the April Council to start trialogue negotiations on all three regulations with a view to obtaining full political agreement during the Irish Presidency.

“Ireland’s Presidency objective is to reach a political agreement on all three CFP Regulations by the end of June 2013. Clearly this objective can only be realised if there is strong commitment from the Council, the Parliament and the Commission.”

He added there was “significant common ground on many of the critical issues” such as achieving MSY and discard elimination.

“There are divergent views on detail…but the core values are, I believe, accepted by all of the institutions. As President of the EU Fisheries Council my overall vision is to build a modern and competitive fisheries sector which is important not only for jobs and growth, but also for sustainable, long-term global food security,” he added.

Other areas discussed included technical and control measures in the Skagerrak and the successful outcome of recent negotiations between the EU and Norway and multi-annual management plans.

Industry support

T Our Ocean

A Shared Resource

www.marine.ie

he Federation of Irish Fishermen (FIF) welcomed the minister’s objective to reaching agreement on form of the CFP under the Irish EU Presidency.

“The key issues to be agreed on from a European fishing industry perspective include discards, sustainable harvesting and management of fish stocks; regionalisation; improvement in scientific data and assessments; funding and the pivotal role of Producer Organisations in the reformed policy, remarked their chief executive, Francis O’ Donnell.

He added of critical importance from an Irish perspective is the inclusion of the Irish Box ― the biologically sensitive nursery area ― and the enshrinement and enhancement of the Hague Preferences.

“The Hague preferences, which have been in place since 1976, give Ireland an additional quota share in many key stocks. This arrangement has to be fought for annually at the December Council,” he said.

“The FIF is confident that Minister Coveney, in conjunction with the European Parliament, can deliver a reformed policy that is effective and workable, to deliver sustainable stocks and a sustainable fishing industry”.

Regarding the proposed ban on discards, O’Donnell said that a “pragmatic approach” was needed, focussing first on avoidance and then on minimising discards “to their lowest possible level” supported by incentives for fishermen.

“A discard ban could then be implemented if warranted.

This is in line with the alternative approach put forward by the European fishing industry, which sees such a ban at the end of the process rather than at the beginning of the process.”

inshore ireland February/March 2013

3

Comment

All eyes on Agriculture House awaiting green or red light on salmon farm licence

photo courtesy of de Buitléar family

anger from those opposed to salmon farming and who view this proposal in particular as a potential environmental disaster and a serious threat to angling tourism in the west of Ireland.

There is no doubt that opposition to this licence ― and the other licences that BIM intends to apply for is building ― driven mainly by anglers and environmentalists, as well as some from the tourism sector.

Mounting awareness Hardly a day now passes without some mention of the Galway Bay project on radio or publication of a condemnatory letter in the national press.

To its credit, BIM shows that it has learned much from how similar aquaculture projects were handled here in the past, and are managing to shepherd the entire information-sharing process with professionalism and textbook transparency.

Opponents too, for the most part, have so far largely avoided

Remembering Éamon de Buitléar

É

amon had an extraordinary bond with nature and it inspired his entire life.

He was a documentary maker, wildlife expert, conservationist, musician and storyteller of note.

Children of his own generation, now maybe 30-year-old parents with their own boys and girls, could recall with little difficulty, the hours they spent watching Amuigh Faoin Speir and its extraordinary focus on wildlife. Even the black and

Inshore Ireland is published by IIP Ltd

the ugly public scenes that too often tainted and eventually enveloped the anti-fish farming protests during the rod licence campaign two decades ago. Their fear is that a fish farm of the size proposed in this location will accelerate the already alarming decline of wild salmon stocks to eventual extinction.

Science must prevail Much of Minister Coveney’s attention over the coming weeks will be focused on the scientific findings relating to the parasitic sea louse from two key State agencies: the Marine Institute and Inland Fisheries Ireland.

The Marine Institute finds that lice-induced mortalities in salmon are tiny - less than 1% of the overall marine mortality rate. Inland Fisheries Ireland however fears that the scale and location of this farm could lead to the extinction of the wild salmon population - and with it destroy an angling/tourism sector estimated to be worth more than

white images did nothing to diminish the excitement of seeing through the lens of his camera the activities of sea and land wildlife at work and play.

For most of them it was a continuous, on-going nature class that would inspire them ahead of the times when they would be expected to adopt supportive roles in the broad canvas of environmental protection.

Yet Éamon was uncomfortable with the term ‘environmentalist’ as it might be applied to him.

It is no surprise that his son, Cian, succeeded him as a cameraman and filmmaker.

He must have been an inspiration for a young mind inquisitive about the affairs of nature.

He had a huge love for Connemara and it was with great pride and delight that the attended the launch of Cian’s lovely Galway Hooker, Star of the West – a product of the sharp hand and eye of acclaimed boat builder, Johnny Healion.

As a raconteur he had few equals. Late, Late Show watchers of early years will recall with delight his tales that found their origin in his Dublin pet shop where he enjoyed and was inspired by the whimsical humour of an almost uniquire clientele.

Ní bheith a leithéidí ann arís T.M.

€140 million a year.

While there’s no doubt that wild salmon stocks are in decline, such arguments must concentrate on undisputed scientific data – never on prejudice or sectoral selfinterest.

During the early 1980s, salmon farming’s sudden, high visibility made it the obvious target of blame for what at the time was thought to be the demise of native sea trout populations in the west.

Sea trout populations did not become extinct, and have since recovered; however the legacy of bitterness and mistrust between salmon farmers, anglers and some in media remains.

So, as this particular debate intensifies, the hope is it will remain civilised and respectful.

All involved will have to learn to listen.

Whatever his decision, Minister Coveney must be decisive in his pronouncement.

Gery Flynn.

comment

W

ith completion in December of the Public Consultation phase for BIM’s proposed €60 million deep water salmon farm in Galway Bay, all eyes are now firmly on the Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine where Minister Coveney is faced with the unenviable task of having to decide whether or not to grant an aquaculture licence.

For those in the aquaculture industry, rejection of the application will be regarded as the death-knell for Ireland’s already ailing fin-fish farming sector, where annual production more or less flat-lined some years ago and has been on virtual lifesupport for some time - mainly as a result of tough but necessary EU environmental directives.

But a go-ahead from the Minister on the other hand will surely unleash a wave of

New director for the Geological Survey of Ireland

K

oen Verbruggan has been appointed the director of the Geological Survey of Ireland (GSI). Koen graduated with a BSc in Geology followed by an MSc in Petroleum Geology from University College Dublin. He then worked in the resource industry internationally, mainly in mineral exploration, for the next 15 years.

Koen joined the GSI in 2000, initially working as a minerals geologist, then managing the Information Management Programme.

He joined GSI Senior Management in 2005 where one of his main tasks has been jointly managing INFOMAR (Integrated Mapping for Sustainable Development of Ireland’s Marine Resource) - the Irish national marine mapping programme and successor to GSI’s Irish National Seabed Survey with the Marine Institute.

Koen is also the current chair of the Geoscience Ireland initiative, and Ireland’s representative to European Consortium for Ocean Research Drilling and EuroGeoSurveys.

Editor

Features Editor

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Gillian Mills

Gery Flynn

Durgan Media

mills@inshore-ireland.com

flynn@inshore-ireland.com

01 235 4804

091 844822

Gillian Mills Gery Flynn

info@durganmedia.ie

074 91 94477

The publishers do not accept responsibility for the veracity of claims made by contributors and advertisers. While care is taken to ensure accuracy of information contained within Inshore Ireland, we do not accept responsibility for any errors or matters arising from same.

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inshore ireland February/March 2013

News

EU/Norway 90% mackerel allowance is ‘normal sharing arrangement’ Gillian Mills

A

n international fisheries agreement signed on January 18 allocating 90% of the TAC (total allowable catch) of the €1bn mackerel fishery to the EU and Norway is a “continuation of the normal sharing arrangement which [the two parties] have applied in recent years.”

Commenting on the outcome of the negotiations

hosted by Ireland during its Presidency of the EU, fisheries minister Simon Coveney added that the arrangement did not reward Iceland or the Faroe Islands with any larger share of the stock, despite their demands: “I do not accept that Iceland or Faroes should have been rewarded for their overfishing

by EU and Norway granting them larger quotas. The EU and Norway have acted responsibly by cutting their own catches by 15% in response to scientific advice on the impact of Icelandic

The cod end is hauled aboard Neptune in a nice Atlantic swell. and Faroes overfishing on the mackerel stock.”

He said that Iceland and the Faroes needed to “come back to the table” with greater realistic expectations of the share they expect, in order to get the mackerel fishery back into a sustainable position.”

Iceland responds

In a statement to Inshore Ireland, Steingrimur Sigfusson, Iceland’s Minister of Industries and Innovation stressed that the Northeast Atlantic mackerel stock was an important economic resource for all Coastal States, including Iceland, the EU, Norway and the Faroe Islands.

“We must work as partners to reduce the total catch to a sustainable level if the stock is to be protected. This is why Iceland has repeatedly come to the negotiating table with reasonable, science-based quota proposals.”

He added it was disappointing that the EU and Norway have again claimed 90% of the catch, leaving only 10% for Iceland, the Faroe Islands, as well as Russia.

“This ignores the changed migration pattern of the mackerel stock ― and the fact that mackerel exist in considerable quantity in the jurisdiction of other states.

In fact, last year 1.5 million tonnes of mackerel were in Icelandic waters where they gained approximately 50% weight, according to scientific research.”

He said the key to solving the mackerel dispute was to take into account these changed circumstances and to respect the legitimate interests of all Coastal states: “We have continually offered proposals that are fair to all Coastal States and will protect the stock. We hope that the EU and Norway will work with us to find a permanent and sustainable solution, and remain willing to solve the issue at the negotiating table.

This is in the interest of all of us as well as the mackerel stock,” he said.

London meeting

Final access arrangements

Photo J Cunningham

between the EU and Norway were agreed in late January for blue whiting and Atlanto Scandian Herring. Following the EU/Norway bi-lateral, agreement was reached by the traditional four Coastal States of Norway, the Faroe Islands, Iceland and the EU on overall management measures for blue whiting in 2013.

The Faroe Islands however withdrew from the traditional five-party Coastal States arrangements on Atlanto Scandian Herring.

In a statement to Inshore Ireland, the Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine expressed concern at their withdrawal saying it was an escalation of the difficulties being experienced on mackerel in the North East Atlantic.

The remaining four Coastal States parties, the Russian Federation, Norway, Iceland and the EU agreed on management arrangements for the fishery for 2013, including setting the same historic level of quota aside for the Faroe Islands.

Agreement was also reached between the EU and Norway for 2013 allowing Norwegian vessels access to European waters to fish just144,000t of blue whiting.

‘This is likely to have major knock on benefits for Ireland as Norwegian vessels can be expected to land significant amounts of this catch into Killybegs. In 2012, around 70,000t of blue whiting was landed into Killybegs by the Norwegian fleet. A continuation of these landings would continue to support the fish processing sector in Ireland,’ is said.

It was also agreed that European vessels could fish up to 34,700t of their Atlanto Scandian Herring quota in Norwegian waters.

inshore ireland February/March 2013

5

News

Judicial review pending on Dalkey drilling decision Shay Fennelly

L

ast December, An Taisce, the National Trust for Ireland, was granted leave by the High Court for a judicial review of a decision by the Department of Environment, Community & Local Government to grant a Foreshore Licence to Providence Resources Ltd to undertake site investigations and to drill an exploration well in the Kish Bank Basin, 6 km off Dalkey, Co Dublin.

An Taisce contends that the decision does not conform with the provisions of the Environmental Impact Assessment Directive. It is also concerned that a failure in the national EIA legislative framework on which this decision was made, has

implications for both offshore and onshore drilling.

Also in December, Minister Jimmy Deenihan TD at the Department of Arts, Heritage and the Gaeltacht, proposed six new marine sites for designation as Special Areas of Conservation (SACs) to protect marine habitats and species listed on the 1992 EU Habitats Directive.

According to the site map of the proposed Rockabill to Dalkey Island SAC (Site code: 003000), there may be some overlap between the area covered by the licence granted to Providence Resources and the proposed marine SAC for Harbour Porpoise. Average porpoise densities recorded in this area exceed densities recorded elsewhere in the Irish Sea and around the Irish coast.

See link: www.ieem.net/ data/files/Resource_Library/ News/Proposed_Dublin_Bay_

SAC_map.pdf The European Commission Directorate of Environment has confirmed to the Irish Whale and Dolphin Group that under Ireland’s Habitats Regulations, a proposed Site of Community Interest (SCI) is subject to the same legal requirements as an adopted SCI or full SAC, including a requirement of appropriate assessment where a plan or project is likely to have a significant effect.

Clarification

Responding to a question from Inshore Ireland, the Department of Communications, Energy and Natural Resources clarified that ‘any application to conduct a seismic survey would be considered by the Department having regard to a range of factors including, inter alia, the European Communities (Birds and Natural Habitats) Regulations 2011,

Ringsend Wastewater Treatment Works Extension Project

A

n application by Dublin City Council to the Environment Protection Agency for a permit to dispose of 824,000 tonnes of ‘spoil’ has raised concerns amongst stakeholders in Dublin Bay. Described by DCC as ‘clean, inert material’, the spoil which comprises ‘99.8% (by weight) of crushed rock and 0.2% marine sediments (clay, gravel and sand)’ will result from tunnelling a long sea outfall for the extension to the Ringsend Wastewater Treatment Works.

If granted, disposal will commence early in 2014 and continue for up to 3 years into an existing spoil ground located approximately 3km from the Baily at Howth at its closest point.

Inshore Ireland invited the DCC, relevant competent authorities and interested parties to respond to questions arising. DCC confirmed it was not in a position to respond by the deadline but would do so within the statutory time limit specified in the regulations (one month from the receipt of request.)

On this basis, Inshore Ireland is deferring the feature until the April/May edition, publishing May 5.

Note: Dated December 20, the application was made within the same month that the Minister for Arts, Heritage and the Gaeltacht Jimmy Deenihan TD proposed six new marine sites for designation as Special Areas of Conservation (SACs) including Rockabill to Dalkey Island Reefs and Harbour Porpoise ‘to protect marine habitats and special listed in the 1992 EU Habitats Directive.’

along with the NPWS working document for Marine Natura Impact Statements in Irish Special Areas of Conservation which sets out the screening process, see link http:// www.npws.ie/media/npwsie/ content/files/publications/ Marine%20Assessment%20 Working%20Document.pdf Harbour porpoises are a

strictly protected species.

Article 12 of the Habitats Directive does not require an appropriate assessment as such, for species, but such an assessment may be required if a species is listed as a qualifying interest as in the Rockabill to Dalkey proposed marine SAC.

Case law example

T

he Court of Justice of the European Union (Case C-383/09) indicates that EU Member States must not only adopt a comprehensive legislative framework in respect of Article 12 but must also implement concrete and specific protection measures.

The Court of Justice has made it clear that the required system of strict protection presupposes the adoption of coherent and coordinated measures of a preventive nature.

Such a system of strict protection must enable the effective avoidance of deterioration or destruction of breeding sites or resting places of the species listed in Annex IV(a) to the Habitats Directive, which includes all species of cetacea, as well as the avoidance of ‘deliberate’ disturbance of such species.

The Court of Justice has clarified that ‘deliberate’ is broader than ‘intentional’ for the purposes of Article 12, and in fact extends to cover proceeding with an activity having (merely) accepted the possibility that the activity will result in the prohibited outcome (see Cases C- 221/04 and C-103/00).

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inshore ireland February/March 2013

News

Development strategy underway in the northwest

F

ollowing the launch last year of the ‘Axis 4 – Sustainable Development of Fishery Dependent Areas Programme’, the initiative to empower and support coastal communities the Fisheries Local Action Group (FLAG) responsible for the north-west region (Killary, Co. Galway to Sligo Leitrim border) has been established.

Coordinated by Declan Nee, BIM Regional FLAG Coordinator for the northwestern area, the group comprises representatives from the fisheries, community, county council and tourism sectors and is charged with developing a strategy for their area.

The North-West FLAG is the fourth group to be established under the programme. The West, South-East and North FLAGs are already in place with the

remaining FLAGs for the southwest and northeast to be established shortly.

Each FLAG is responsible for delivering a strategy for their area on a devolved basis.

The strategies are tasked with identifying suitable projects from individuals and local communities that require financial or expert assistance.

To qualify, projects must be located in coastal areas (with the exception of areas of populations in excess of 15,000) and not located more than 10kms from the sea. They must also have a clearly identifiable marine connection, or provide a specific benefit to a fishing region. In many cases, beneficiaries will be required to be either employed in the fisheries sector have a linked to the sector.

Both the North and NorthWest FLAGs are meeting later this month and have tendered for consultants to develop their development strategies.

Attending the inaugural meeting of North-West FLAG were Declan Nee, seated centre, flanked by Francis Watters (Shellfish Buyer Sligo), Mary Catherine Heanue (Mayo Islands Rep), Mary Wrafter (Community Enterprise Mayo Co Council and Jacqui D. Uí Mhonachain (Coastal Community Rep Aughleim). Standing from left, Seamus Breathnach BIM., Sean O’Coisdeahbha (Udaras na Gaeltachta), Eamon Dixon (Erris Fishing Rep), Terence Devers (Coastal Community Achill), Niall Byrne (Processing/Buying Killala Community), Anthony Irwin (Erris Fishing Rep), and Gerard Hassett (Seafood Processor Achill).

North-West FLAG members: Declan Nee, BIM FLAG coordinator; Tadgh Ó Conghaile Udaras na Gaeltachta; Chris Gonley, Sligo Leader; Eamon Dixon, Erris Fishing Representative; Anthony Irwin, Erris Fishing Representative; Micheal Kelly, Sligo Fishing Representative; Sean O’Grady, Clew Bay Fishing Representative; Mary Catherine Heanue, Mayo Islands Representative; Terence Dever, Coastal Community Representative Achill; Jacqui D Uí Mhonachain, Coastal Community Representative Erris; Gerard Hassett, Seafood Processor, Achill; Mary Gavin Hughes, Marine Tourism, Clew Bay; Francis Watters, Shellfish Buyer, Sligo; Mary Wrafter, Community & Enterprise, Mayo County Council; Niall Byrne, Processing/Buyer, Killala Community.

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15

satisfied” with progress so far.

“Everything is on schedule.”

“Submissions will be sent to the Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine who will forward them to us for our response.

Submissions will be vetted by the State Scientist and will form the basis for the Minister’s eventual decision, based on extensive EIS and scientific evidence.”

Maguire revealed that BIM has deployed an expert team on the ground locally which

to €14.5m directly into the despite what it claims is local economy of Aran and a concerted campaign of Connemara on an on-going misinformation by some basis.” who oppose the project on As for where things now the grounds of scale and stand with the project, long-term environmental Maguire said he was “fully impact.

Donal Maguire, BIM’s Aquaculture Development Manager confirmed to Inshore Ireland that the Galway Bay proposal had already completed its Statutory Consultation phase and had almost come through its Public Consultation phase, which ends on December 12.

He added that this proposal was one of three that the agency would be submitting for a licence, and that it was also the first time they had undertaken a project of this type.

“Instead of the fish farming licence being given directly r for to a private company, we are Ministelish eney, Eng applying for the licence which, on Cov in the to: Maxwells if issued, we will then franchise Pho and Simownbere, tlet onnell to a commercial operator who Pat O’Cded into Cas nger lan will be required to adhere fish moseafood with ght ntIrish to rigorous EU and me mo freshly caunth. ted conditions, asy well t mo view as additional t-hear the a ligh e, and las asstricttorequirements oys layers AVAILABLE rin of Vis it Irel th II enj the Ma BIM te has set”.

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Book Reviews and copies to be won!

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inshore ireland February/March 2013

YOURVIEW

7

Inshore Ireland and its publishers do not accept responsibility for the veracity of claims made by contributors. While every care is taken to ensure accuracy of information, we do not accept responsibility for any errors, or matters arising from same. Contact the editor at mills@inshore-ireland.com.

Does fracking bring employment to local communities?

Ron Beemster, Fracking Research and Information Centre

P

roponents of shale gas exploitation by means of hydraulic fracturing (fracking) often use the argument that it will create jobs in areas with high unemployment.

This article will explore briefly whether this will in fact be the case.

Job creation can be expected because well pads and other infrastructure (roads, pipelines etc) will need to be constructed, maintained and monitored.

These workers will need food; accommodation; transport; entertainment; health and social services; finance and insurance, which will all lead to induced spending in the local communities.

The total amount of jobs created by this industry has been estimated at 11.53 annual temporary jobs per well. These jobs do not carry over from year to year; they mainly depend on the initial development phases of the project.

Fracking generally creates jobs in three phases:

»» 1. During the initial construction of well pads and infrastructure, local low-paid temporary jobs are created in quarrying, concrete production, road building, construction and trucking. Because usually only one well pad is constructed at any one time, these jobs move from one pad to the next. »» 2. The hydraulic fracturing stage involves highly trained exploration and production experts, in the more specialised and higher paying jobs. These are transient, non-resident professionals, who have the necessary expertise.

These jobs are not tied to a particular locality and are not permanent.

Employment moves along with development and workers must be able to frequently relocate in order to take advantage of these opportunities.

These transient workers do not provide the same positive effects on the local economy as local workers.

Induced spending in the local economy will follow the waves of well-construction and commissioning. This wave pattern brings its own problems, because local businesses cannot reliably

forecast how much profit they can expect and for how long.

The influx of mainly young male gas industry workers into rural communities and the unequal distribution of benefits and risks can have a negative effect on existing jobs by creating the ‘Boomtown Effect’- increases in crime, drug and alcohol abuse, sexually transmitted infections, and domestic violence which can overwhelm local services, like policing, local government, mental health services, social services, and health care.

An inadequate supply and poor quality housing along with increased cost of living resulting from this temporary boom and can lead to increased community dissatisfaction. »» 3. Once production has started at a well, maintenance requires only a few workers.

When the wells are in production about three permanent local jobs are created per pad. Even these only last as long as the wells are productive, which is usually a maximum of 7 – 8 years. Communities then have to learn to adapt to the phasedown in economic activity that accompany the shift to long- term production.

Job losses

This job creation needs to be offset against the job losses that may occur in agriculture and tourism through the direct loss of farm land; real or perceived destruction of countryside and/or water contamination or agricultural products due to accidents.

A total of 200,000 people are employed in tourism in the Republic, while agriculture and the food industry between them provide 287,000 to 308,000 jobs. The jobs in these industries are local and more permanent. Induced spending from agriculture alone puts a total of €9.25 billion per annum into the Irish economy.

Both industries depend

on clean environments that are potentially at risk from chemicals and methane generated by hydraulic fracturing. Moreover, any local contamination of agricultural produce will have a knock-on effect on the agri-food export from the whole country, which accounts for over 60% of the exports from Irish-owned manufacturing.

The potential job losses in these two areas will be much more than the possible jobs gained from hydraulic fracturing.

Ron Beemster, BSc MSc Fracking Research and Information Centre

www.frackingresearch.org frackingresearch@hotmail. com

8

inshore ireland February/March 2013

Irish Specimen Fish Awards

2012 was a bumper year for specimen fish!

E

ven if you are only a casual angler, you are always likely to catch a big fish in Ireland’s productive rivers and lakes or in our marine waters. Your achievement can be rewarded by a unique awards scheme administered by the Irish Specimen Fish Committee (ISFC). If your fish exceeds the specimen weight, a threshold weight set by the ISFC and representing large fish of the particular species, you simply send a specimen fish claim form to the Committee for ratification. Information about your fish and all of the capture details will be published in the ISFC’s colourful annual report and you will be presented with a certificate marking your achievement and a special badge. The service is free and every year hundreds of anglers from home and abroad receive specimen awards. The ISFC also investigates and ratifies Irish record fish.

Full details of specimen and record fish as well as a host of historical information about specimen fish is available on www.irish-trophy-fish. com

SPECIMENS IN 2012

2012 has been a record year with 640 claims ratified and two new records established – Bream and Herring. The ISFC processed 724 claims.

While this indicates a good fishing season for 2012, (53 more specimens compared to 2011) the poor summer weather impacted severely on deep sea charter angling days with many days lost and in the north-west coast this was compounded by a severe marine algal bloom. The absence of cod, coalfish and ling from the specimen fish listings probably reflect these conditions although several other marine species have performed well in terms of specimen numbers.

Out of the total number of fish ratified 13 were freshwater species and 35 were marine species. Some species have shown particularly well in 2012 – dab specimen numbers are improving, smoothound numbers are at record levels

this year and it is interesting to note that large numbers of ‘exotic’ species – gilthead bream and golden grey mullet- are prominent this year. In freshwater the headline goes to the Lee reservoir system which is producing extraordinary numbers of cyprinids particularly cyprinid hybrids.

The 2012 angling season’s specimen fish awards indicate that Ireland’s angling catches, both freshwater and marine, are in a healthy state. One interesting trend which has been observed from specimen fish catches is the new species arrivals to our shores from more southerly regions. One recent exotic arrival to our coasts is the golden-grey mullet, two specimens of which were recorded in 2010, six in 2011 and an impressive 29 in 2012. Another recent species added to the specimen list is the thin–lipped mullet, a common species in warmer European mainland marine waters, which has become established in Ireland and has featured on the specimen list for the past two years. Yet another marine fish seems to have arrived relatively recently is the gilt-head bream of which 28 specimens were caught off the south and south-east coasts in 2012.

Gilthead have become a favourite target species for specimen hunters in recent years. These marine species could be part of a gradual move northwards by species, brought about by warming of the sea due to climate change.

IRISH SPECIMEN FISH COMMITTEE

Founded in 1955, the ISFC is an independent all-Ireland voluntary body representative of angling interests in Ireland, whose principal function is to verify, record and publicise the capture of large (or ‘specimen’) fish caught on rod-and-line by any angler fishing in Ireland. The ISFC, with considerable financial and logistical support from Inland Fisheries Ireland, diligently compiles its report every year with the major emphasis being on specimen fish. The specimen weight is not the record weight, which is the weight of the heaviest individual of that species ever caught on rod and line in Ireland, but is less than the record, typically by

a quarter or one third. This means that in any year there may be just one or two, or no more than a couple of dozen specimen fish caught of a particular species. For many species, the specimen data is the only information available on the status of a species – so the specimen report has a dual function in tourism and angling promotion, and, also in the scientific area, by providing verified species information.

With an annual report having been published every year since 1955 a valuable record of top specimen angling locations, best months, best angling methods and species trends over the past 57 years has been built up. So the ISFC is often one of the most useful reference points if an angler is looking for the key piece of information that would decide his next angling trip in Ireland.

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Working in partnership with IFI the ISFC has compiled a Specimen Fish Atlas which maps specimen fish distribution for the 1954 to 2010 period. It is planned to publish this valuable information in 2013.

CLAIMING A SPECIMEN

For a fish to be accepted as an Irish specimen or record, species identification and weight need to be verified.

For weighing the fish must be weighed on a certified weighing scales, as used in any retail outlet, or you can have your own good quality scales certified by any of the National Standards Authority of Ireland (NSAI) verification centres or other approved certification centres. For all species, a witness is needed to corroborate the catch, and for some species photographs or other details are usually required. All details are entered on a claim form and sent to: ISFC, c/o Inland Fisheries Ireland, Swords Business Campus, Balheary Road, Swords, Co. Dublin. For full details on the claim procedure check out the ISFC website.

ANNUAL REPORT

Some anglers specifically target specimen fish; these are the ‘specimen hunters’. Other anglers, to their joy, happen to hook a specimen during regular fishing trips. But for all anglers, including those who have never caught a specimen,

All images courtesy of the ISFC 1. Specimen Ballan Wrasse from Clare for Bill Ryan 2. Darragh Long with his 3.86 kg Lough Ree Bream 3. Liam Millerick with one of the heaviest Gilthead Bream of 2012 4. Renowned specimen hunter Terry Jackson with his specimen Cuckoo Wrasse 5. Clonakilty was the venue for this excellent Golden Grey Mullet for Patrick Lombard 6. Heaviest Pike of 2012 fell to Kevin Lyons 7. Specimen Megrim for Benny Carolan taken while fishing out of Enniscrone 8. Sidney Kennedy admires his Rahans Lake Tench 9. The late Chris Murphy with a specimen Twaite Shad from the River Barrow

the Irish Specimen Fish Committee report identifies the best angling locations throughout Ireland and the best time of year to fish them.

This makes the report one of the most useful fishing guides in Ireland. It is available

free of charge from Inland Fisheries Ireland, Swords Business Campus, Balheary Road, Swords, Co. Dublin. (www.fisheriesireland.ie) or on download from the ISFC website.

inshore ireland February/March 2013

9

Irish Specimen Fish Awards 3

Trevor Champ

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ISFC Awards scheme at a glance »» Identifies best angling locations, dates and methods for your favourite angling species »» Easy to follow rules to claim a specimen fish which are designed to ensure accurate identification of fish species, accurate recording of weight and capture details »» Awards scheme is free of charge to all anglers and supported entirely by donations »» Annual report is a valuable promotional tool

The annual presentation of awards to anglers whose claims were accepted during 2012 will be held in Bewleys Airport Hotel, Swords, Co. Dublin at 2.30pm on Saturday 16th February 2013

revor Champ, who died recently, was very prominent in freshwater fisheries research in Ireland over the past 40 years. Monitoring and managing water quality in Ireland’s freshwater fisheries formed the core of his long career in the inland fisheries sector. He was passionate about his work and contributed handsomely to increasing understanding of the nature and extent of water quality issues in many parts of the country leading to him being recognised as an expert in his field.

It was not surprising that Trevor followed a career path in freshwater fisheries and more specifically the aquatic environmental area given his childhood in Killorglin, Co. Kerry where he regularly fished the River Laune for salmon and sea trout.

After secondary school he went to UCD and obtained his B.Sc. in Zoology and Biochemistry in 1966 and an MSc in 1968.

He joined the Inland Fisheries Trust in 1968 where he worked as one of the research team on the Biology of Brown Trout, Bass and Mullet. In 1971, following the extreme enrichment of L. Sheelin, he commenced his research on eutrophication. At the same time that L. Sheelin was in decline as a brown trout fishery, eutrophication was also impacting on L. Ennel, this time due to point-source enrichment. The IFT subsequently worked with the Local Authority and An Foras Forbartha (later EPA) and the ultimate installation, for the first time in Ireland, of Phosphorus removal processes at the waste water treatment plant led to a seemingly-magical recovery in the water and habitat quality of L. Ennel. The diffuse-source nature of the nutrient enrichment made the L. Sheelin situation much more intractable. Seemingly endless hours of detection work with the local Fisheries Board staff, numerous meetings with landowners and with the three Local Authorities that straddled the Sheelin catchment took a long time to bear fruit. He was intimately involved with the slurry transport scheme, which saw vast quantities of slurry being removed out of the Sheelin catchment to other parts of the country for spreading on suitable soil types. In 2009 Trevor was honoured by the Lough Sheelin Trout Protection Association (LSTPA) in recognition of his lifelong work on the Lough Sheelin catchment.

His view of water quality was always a holistic one, not solely concerned with analysis of chemical content but with the complete suite of organisms and of physical habitat and how these all linked together. Applying this to Ireland’s brown trout lakes, he established a monthly water quality monitoring programme in 1975 on all of the major trout fisheries then managed by the Inland Fisheries Trust. The

programme became one of the few long-term environmental quality data sets that traced decline, recovery and stability on the studied waters.

His compendious knowledge of ‘natural’ or baseline conditions in these lakes was of great help to Ireland when he worked with the National Parks and Wildlife Service (NPWS) in drawing up lists of Special Areas of Conservation (SAC) for qualifying fish species for the newly-emerging Habitats and Species Directive of 1992 from the EU. He contributed handsomely to discussion on allocation of SAC status to the major brown trout fisheries. These qualified as so many were hard water limestone lakes dominated by Chara or stonewort vegetation - which he had so clearly demonstrated with colleagues in the 1970s and 80s! He always felt that information gained today would always be useful at some future date.

His work on Phosphorous and its key role in river and lake enrichment led to further pioneering environmental involvements. He became the key strategic environmental player in the Central and Regional Fisheries Boards service, flying the flag for water quality, for habitat and for fish. This led to networking with a host of government Departments, such as Agriculture, Forestry and Environment, with semi-state agencies, notably the EPA, Teagasc and Coillte, with Local Authorities and with representative groups.

He was joined in this work by the Environmental Officers of the Regional Fisheries Boards who provided tactical support on the ground and they formed an effective alliance in bringing forward guidelines, agreed with the major stakeholders, for fisheries and forestry as well as those on fisheries and agriculture. The network of contacts grew to include colleagues in Northern Ireland active in the same field as well as practitioners in the UK and further afield.

Trevor had great personal warmth and charm and these attributes, coupled with a natural Kerry capacity to talk, were of great value in his networking. Here was an environmental scientist trying to get his point across to engineers and administrators in an era, not so long ago, when the environmental perspective did not enjoy the credence it now does.

His capacity to argue his point with knowledge and conviction made for lively debate at meetings and handshakes all round at the end. He made firm friends, many converts and no enemies. During his career he served on advisory committees of An Foras Forbartha, the National Board of Science and Technology, the EPA and Teagasc. He represented the Central Fisheries Board on several River Catchment Committees during the 1990s. He was also the National Delegate for the EU Intercalibration Groups for Rivers and Lakes which were central to delivery of the impending Water Framework Directive.

When discussion on the proposed EU Water Framework Directive began in the mid-1990s, Trevor must have felt that his prayers had been answered. This was a radical proposal to cover the whole water policy area. No longer would water quality be assessed solely in terms of chemical analysis but a suite of biological quality elements would also be employed. From an IFI perspective, fish community composition was to be one of the elements of the biological quality elements! He was active in a range of management and steering and technical groups around the country and encouraged, coaxed and charmed his senior colleagues in IFI into sharing this workload, emphasising that the WFD was going to be a key driver in advancing water quality and policy in a holistic way. Indeed for many years prior to IFI understanding the full significance of the WFD and its ambitious targets regarding water quality improvements, Trevor had championed the use of fish communities in the ecological classification of rivers and lakes for the Directive and was heavily involved in guiding, implementing and acquiring funding for the now extensive fish monitoring programme being delivered by Inland Fisheries Ireland.

He became Chairman of the Irish Specimen Fish Committee (ISFC) in 2002 and served with relish in this voluntary group until his untimely death. He was proud of the contribution of the ISFC’s annual report to the promotion of quality Irish angling and the collection of data about angler-caught specimen fish. Under his stewardship the ISFC advanced and improved its operations.

Trevor retired from the Central Fisheries Board in November 2008 after 40 dedicated years.

Trevor was a regular golfer and a member of Balbriggan golf club. A good golfer with a very respectable handicap, Trevor had a lovely swing and he was excellent company on the course. Trevor was very proud of his Church of Ireland upbringing and was very active in the parish of St. Columba in Swords.

Following a brief illness Trevor passed away on Jan 12 2013. At his removal and funeral the church was full to overflowing with family, friends and a multitude of colleagues from all over the country from many different organisations present.

Trevor, who lived in Malahide, Co. Dublin, is survived by his wife Sheila and their five children, Erica, Gordon, Andrew, Neville and Norman; his brother Eric and two granddaughters Eloise and Annabel.

10 inshore ireland February/March 2013

FRESHWATER FOCUS

Drowse fishery gives up a double on the first day of the salmon season 2013 Brendan Connolly

T

he Drowes River is one of the very few Irish salmon angling fisheries that opens on the first day of the year and has a run of salmon on that date. If you want to catch the first salmon, then the Drowes is your best bet.

And yet, the Drowes is less than 8 km long, flowing west from Lough Melvin at Lareen Park to Donegal Bay. For much of its short course, the Drowes forms the border between counties Donegal and Leitrim; it has four road bridges and over 50 named pools.

The Drowes Salmon Fishery in Lareen Park owns the salmon fishing on two sections of the river: the upper section from Lough Melvin down to the Bridge of the Four Masters, and from the Lennox’s Bridge to the sea.

The middle stretch of the Drowes upstream of Lennox’s Bridge to a short distance downstream of the Bridge of the Four Masters is free fishing where no permit is required. Bank vegetation can make this section difficult to fish; however it is well the effort, particularly in high water conditions.

The season starts

The first day of January 2013 was cold and breezy, and the river was high. Yet, 120 anglers from Northern Ireland and south of the border converged early on the Drowes intent on catching the much-coveted first salmon of the season.

Casting the first line of the season is always a thrill. Seeing it land on the water and imagining the salmon below the surface gives a heightened sense of anticipation. Every swirl on the water surface is scrutinized; every twitch of the line is watched for that flash of silver as a salmon takes the bait.

The grey cloak of early morning gradually lifted to reveal the anglers along the river bank. Junior anglers from 8 years-ofage accompanied by their parents, to grey-haired veterans who have fished the first day of the season many times were spaced out along the riverbank.

Silently casting their lines they seemed part of the river ― as if angler and river were one breathing, living being.

Anglers Colin Gardiner from Lurgan, and Timothy Dalton from Omagh were amongst these anglers.

Two first salmon are landed

Just after midday, Colin Gardiner was fishing upstream of the New Bridge on the main road bypass at the Wee Drain when he hooked a salmon on his black flying c bait. Shortly afterwards he landed a fine 4.5lbs fish. No stranger to the Drowes, Colin is a strictly catch and release salmon angler.

Fellow anglers, the fishery owners, and the Inland Fisheries Ireland personnel that had checked the salmon however persuaded Colin to make an exception and keep the fish because it could be the first of the 2013 season.

(Colin had also caught the first salmon on the Drowes in 2005 and 2008.)

But, just at the time when Colin had hooked his fish, Timothy Dalton, fishing upstream in Blackwater in Lareen Park with a red flying c bait, hooked a second, 10lb salmon, which was duly landed and verified.

The two anglers decided to share the honours, as well as the Drowes Perpetual Cup which they will have each hold for six months.

A similar situation is last recorded in 1992.

Traditionally the first salmon raises money for charity, and this year Brian Faulkner of Fox’s Restaurant, Bundoran, prepared the two salmon for a special function that raised €750 for the RNLI Lifeboat.

As a side note, positive indications in previous years of the number of specimen salmon (20lb or over) caught on rod and line was not repeated in 2012.

Just one specimen salmon (20.5 lb) was caught on the Cork Blackwater at the end of August 2012.

Hopefully 2013 will see the results of the salmon management strategy with an increase in specimen salmon, and two joint first salmon of the season is an encouraging start.

Don’t miss our fantastic Drowse Fisheries competition on page 11 (opposite this page)

Colin Gardiner and Timothy Dalton with their joint first salmon of 2013. Photo: Shane Gallagher

C o n s e r v in g , P ro t e c t in g , D eve lo p in g , Ma n ag in g & P ro m o t in g I N LA N D F I S H E R I E S I R E LA N

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I relan d s I n la n d Fis h e rie s & S ea A n g lin g R e s o u rc e s

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inshore ireland February/March 2013 11

Seafood Desk

Nutritional and employment potential of seaweed is explored at innovation workshop

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hree out of every five calls to BIM’s Seafood Development Centre relate to seaweed and foods incorporating seaweeds, giving rise to a recent, well-attended innovation workshop in Clonakilty.

Seaweed is high in nutrients and antioxidants and is sustainable. Seaweed has been eaten traditionally in Ireland for thousands of years and is linked to cures for diseases, obesity and health generally.

To highlight the versatility of seaweed in cooking, Sally McKenna (Bridgestone Guides) and Prannie Rhattigan (Irish Seaweed Kitchen) gave practical cookery demonstrations using different seaweed species.

To promote the variety of seaweed products on the market, many seaweed companies including Wild Irish Sea Vegetables; Blath na Mara and Healthy You exhibited and delivered talks at the event.

Seaweed equipment and packaging manufacturers were also on hand to demonstrate the products available and BIM’s David Millard and Freddie O’Mahony gave an overview on seaweed aquaculture and the most successful species and method used to date.

Industry speakers including Dagmar Stengel, NUIG and Dr Simon Faulker, Ocean Harvest

who gave their expert opinions on the resource.

BIM’s Pete Donlon and John Fagan spoke on seafood identification, processing and packaging while Maírtín Walsh and Lucy Watson delivered informative presentations on the market opportunities for seaweed and the latest cultivation techniques. Dr Alan Critchley, Head of Innovation in Arcadian Sea Plants spoke by video link from Canada.

Ireland’s seaweed and biotechnology sector is currently worth approximately €18m per annum with a target in place to grow the sector to €30m by 2020 (as outlined in the Marine Institute

Sea Change Strategy 2006).

Roughly 36,000 tonnes of seaweed (wild product) is currently processed annually, involving 185 full-time equivalents.

Product source is currently limited to the wild resource and the range is mostly limited to high-volume, low-value products such as animal feeds, plant supplements, specialist fertilisers and agricultural products.

A smaller proportion goes into higher value products such as foods, cosmetics and therapies.

BIM is working with the seaweed industry to grow new businesses and to grow the value in existing businesses.

Pictured at the Seaweed Innovation Workshop were: Chef Eithne O’Sullivan; Dr Prannie Rhattigan; Dr Susan Steele, BIM; and Sally Mc Kenna, The Irish Food Guide. The workshop for producers, innovators and starting companies focussed on ‘Health Benefits of Seaweed’ and ‘Value Adding with Seaweed’ Photo Michael Mac Sweeney/Provision pv

10th Shellfish Safety Science Workshop

T

he 10th Shellfish Safety Science workshop takes place at the Marine Institute, Galway, on the April 18. This one-day event is an opportunity for anyone working in the area of shellfish safety - including regulators, scientists as well as industry - to exchange information on the latest advances in the field.

Irish regulatory agencies will provide updates on recent shellfish biotoxin; toxin producing algae; harmful algal blooms and shellfish microbiology. Presentations topics include research nearing completion on the toxicology and causative organism responsible for Azaspiracid shellfish poisoning.

A new EU project using advanced satellite imagery, mathematical modelling and real-time monitoring to provide short-term predictions will demonstrate how this multidisciplinary approach may provide useful information on biotoxin outbreaks for shellfish producers.

On the microbiological side, presentations include shellfish contamination from Norovirus and will show how the Shellfish Waters Directive aims to monitor and improve environmental conditions for shellfish cultivation.

Further information on these and other aspects of the workshop are available on the Marine Institute website at www.marine.ie. Attendance is free but registration is required by emailing maeve.gilmartin@marine.ie

Seafood exports show hightest increase values in 2012

B

ord Bia export results for 2012 passed the €9bn mark which the agriculture, food and marine minister, Simon Coveney has described as a “great achievement despite very challenging conditions“.

In particular he singled out the 17% increase in seafood exports of €75m as being “ particularly impressive“.

While full figures for 2012 are not yet known to November, the breakdown was: whitefish €43.1n; pelagics €201.5m; shellfish €123.m and freshwater: €67.9m

Setting a course to become a global seafood player’ A ‘seafood summit’ on the future direction of the Irish seafood industry takes place on March 21 in the Irish Management Institute, Dublin. Organised by BIM, it will focus on building on the BIM Collective Route to Market Programme 2012; promoting the next steps in developing scale in the Irish seafood sector and demonstrating the global opportunity for the sector and encouraging investment.

These topics and more will be presented by Simon Coveney, Minister for Agriculture, Food and the Marine; Gary Cooper, CEO Aquaculture New Zealand and Matt Demspey, editor of the Irish Farmers’ Journal, alongside other national and international seafood experts.

The event is being targeted at seafood companies; producer organisations; financiers, government agencies, 3rd level institutes and the media.

Agenda 9.00 - 9.30 Registration & Coffee 9.30 - 9.50 Opening – Ministerial Address (Simon Coveney, Minister for Agriculture, Food & Marine) 9.50 - 10.15 Food Futurist (Christophe Pelletier) 10.15 - 10.40 Becoming a Global Food Player (Matt Dempsey, Irish Farmers Journal) 10.40 - 11.00 Coffee Break 11.00 - 11.25 New Zealand Seafood Perspective (Gary Hooper, Chief Executive, Aquaculture New Zealand) 11.25 - 11.50 Capital Flows, Acquisition Trends in Global Seafood (Gorjan Nikolik, Rabobank) 11.50 - 12.15 The Way Forward for Irish Seafood (Jason Whooley, CEO, BIM) 12.15 - 1.00 Irish Industry Panel Discussion ‘Next steps to becoming a Global Seafood Player (Moderator Donal Buckley, BIM) 1.00 Summit Close (Kieran Calnan, Chairman, BIM) Followed by Lunch

Date: Thursday, 21st March 2013 Duration: 9am - 2pm (includes lunch) Venue: Irish Management Institute, Sandyford Road, Dublin 16.

For further information phone +353 1 2144 279 or email Ian Mannix at mannix@bim.ie or Donal Buckley at buckley@bim.ie

The Drowes Fishery Competition Win 2 nights B&B plus one evening meal for 2 people and fishing on both days!

The Drowes Fishery is one of Ireland’s premier spring salmon and grilse fisheries. The Drowes is among the earliest opening salmon fisheries in the country and regularly claims the honour of producing Ireland’s first salmon of the season on opening day, January 1st.

The river is some 5 miles in length, with over 70 named pools, flowing from Lough Melvin at Lareen Bay and entering the sea at Tullaghan, just outside Bundoran in County Donegal.

The Drowes has a wide variety of water suitable for all fishing methods, including several miles of good fly water and deeper slower moving pools suitable for spinning and bait fishing.

The fishery is based at Lareen Estate, where the river flows from Lough Melvin. There is a fishery office and tackle shop on the estate from where fishing permits and licences are available and boats and engines may be hired.

Also on the Estate are 11 holiday cottages, close to the water’s edge, available for rent throughout the year. The cottages may be rented on their own or as part of a fishing package which includes fishing and boat hire.

For your chance to win licences and permits for a weekend’s fishing for 2 simply email us the correct answer to the following question along with you name, telephone number and email address.

Q. What was the weight of the salmon landed by Colin Gardiner (see article on page 10).

Email your answer to mills@inshore-ireland.com.

The winner will be drawn at random from all entries received with the correct answer. Closing date for receipt of entries is March 29, 2013.

12 inshore ireland February/March 2013

salmon farm licence debate »» from page 1

the forefront of salmon lice research and has been taking the whole issue of possible lice infestation of samonids - sea trout and salmon “very seriously indeed”.

“We’ve a very robust monitoring and control programme in place in Ireland that targets controlling lice levels on salmon during the Spring months when salmon and sea trout migrate. The programme has been in place since the mid-1990s and has been very successful.

“By controlling lice at that time of year you manage to achieve two goals: as a precaution you ensure there isn’t a large reservoir of lice to infect wild fish, and it’s also the best time to target lice to ensure optimum control on farms and to minimise the need to use treatments to control lice”.

Similar results

Jackson says his findings are “very much in line” with

those from a similar study by Norwegian fisheries biologists who have come to the same conclusions: “The results of a major study over twelve years in Trondheim Fjord published in 2007 found that lice-related mortality to be between 1-2%. As well as that, a more recent study from that country involving more than 100,000 fish also shows results very similar to ours.

“Putting this in context, these Norwegian studies - along with our own - have produced data which is based on more than half-a-million fish. And while they employed slightly different methodologies, the results all point to the same answer.”

As for the salmon louse itself, Jackson says it is “a very versatile parasite and will be virtually impossible to eradicate”.

“Salmon lice are very widely distributed around the globe.

They are found in the Pacific and the Atlantic, so we’re going to have to live with that fact. From the very beginning

of salmon farming, sea lice have been an issue in the same way that liver fluke are an issue for sheep and cattle farmers in terrestrial farming.

And just like they have developed ever-improving methods to control fluke parasites, we’re going to have to learn to manage lice in salmon farming”.

Looking to the future, Jackson believes the answer is likely to be the development of an effective anti-lice vaccine; however he feels that this is unlikely to happen in the very near future.

“An effective vaccine would be the Holy Grail but as that’s probably still a long way off we must develop the best possible integrated management processes that we can.”

Fish farm licence

Meanwihle, BIM has moved quickly to quell concerns that its proposal for a large deep water salmon farm near Inis Oirr in Galway Bay might be a reservoir for salmon lice and in turn impact seriously on

wild salmonid stocks.

Acknowledging that the Galway proposal has sparked “some concerns and anxieties” especially regarding sea lice, BIM’s chief executive Jason Whooley says that “while real, these fears are unfounded”.

“Some concerns and anxieties have been expressed in relation to this project, particularly by bodies representing sea and inshore anglers. These centre on the impact such a large project could have on the marine environment and on stocks of wild salmon and sea trout.

“In particular, concern centres on the impact of a potential transfer of sea lice from farmed fish to the wild fish. In terms of the marine environment, the exposed nature of the proposed site and high levels of water exchange ensure there will be little or no buildup of wastes.”

And pointing to the Marine Institute study, Whooley says it confirms that salmon farming was having no negative effect on wild salmon:

“Despite this, government has adopted a ‘precautionary approach’ to dealing with sea lice on salmon farms by imposing strict controls on the Irish industry”.

“The effectiveness of the National Sea lice Monitoring and Control Programme has resulted in the European Commission recently confirming that Ireland’s sea lice control system is the best in the world.

Notwithstanding, and in order to ensure the highest levels of environmental and operational compliance, BIM intends to act as the licence holder and not the operator of this site,” he explained.

“If our application for this licence is successful, we will apply additional standards to the running of the Inis Oírr salmon farm that exceed existing environmental and safety regulations. This approach will also maximise returns to the local economy in accordance with our mission to develop the Irish seafood industry”.

INFOMAR data of Galway Bay

Inshore Ireland is published by IIP Ltd

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inshore ireland February/March 2013 13

salmon farm licence debate

Statement from Inland Fisheries Ireland

Wild salmon survival in the balance - 1% may be the crucial tipping point

I

nland Fisheries Ireland (IFI) notes the recent Marine Institute (MI) publication which identifies that sea lice emanating from aquaculture facilities can cause mortality to wild Atlantic salmon. In this regard, the recent publication (Jackson et al, 2012) concurs with previously published international research (Krkosek et al, 2012 & Gargan et al, 2012).

IFI welcomes the fact that there is now a clear acceptance of the negative impact of sea lice on juvenile salmon and the debate can now progress to identify the best methodologies to reduce or eliminate this impact. IFI would also like to see similar progress in relation to the issue of escaped farmed salmon.

In recent years approximately 5% of all juvenile salmon going to sea return back to their native

rivers as adults to spawn.

Precisely because natural mortality rates of salmon are high, even a proportionally small additional mortality from sea lice can amount to a large loss in salmon returning. To put this average 1% reduction in return rates, as reported by the MI, in context, if 3,000 salmon return to a river, and this represents a 5% return rate, a reduction in the return rate to 4% translates into a reduction of 1/5 (20%) of the adult salmon or 600 fewer fish returning.

Concerned

The Board of IFI is concerned that this level of additional mortality has the potential to curtail commercial or recreational salmon fisheries and impact on individual river salmon conservation limits and may be the tipping point between having an open or closed fishery.

The paper identified that just under 40% of released juvenile salmon showed a significant difference in return

Enclosure cross section impression

rate between sea lice ‘treated’ and ‘non-treated’ groups, indicating that mortality from sea lice is significant in 40% of the releases in the study.

Unfortunately, there was a significant effect from sea lice in six different bays along the west coast over the study period.

location critical

This recent study provides further evidence that salmon will be impacted by sea lice.

The location of salmon farms in relation to salmon rivers and the control of sea lice prior to and during juveniles salmon migration to their high seas feeding ground is critical if wild salmon stocks are not to be impacted. The development of resistance to chemical treatment of sea lice and other fish husbandry problems, such as pancreas disease and amoebic gill disease, are likely to make effective sea lice control even more difficult in future years.

escaped salmon

Norway, one of the world’s biggest producers of farmed

salmon are also seriously concerned about the impact of sea lice emanating from aquaculture facilities on wild salmon stocks and the issue of escaped farmed salmon.

In their Strategy for an ‘Environmentally Sustainable Norwegian Aquaculture Industry’ produced by the Norwegian Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs they state: “Even though salmon lice occurs in wild salmon and sea trout, it is an example of a parasitic disease which has been intensified by the multitude of hosts in aquaculture facilities. In addition to being passed from fish to fish, it can also be spread over long distances by currents” They further state; If delousing in fish farming fails to yield the desired effect on lice figures for wild fish, it may be necessary to consider a reduction in the biomass of the farming facilities (reduce the number of hosts) in the worst-affected areas.”

On the matter of escaped farm salmon, the Norwegian authorities have stated that “scientific comparisons of wild and farmed salmon, and their cross-

breeds, has shown that gene transfer from farmed to wild salmon can reduce the latter’s ability to survive.

This is why such gene transfer is one of the main problems with escapes”. IFI would like to see similar progress made on the issue of escaped farmed salmon as has been made on the sea lice issue.

safeguard future development

IFI are supportive of the development of a sustainable aquaculture industry and welcome all advances in research that will underpin the sustainability of this industry and safeguard wild salmon and sea trout stocks into the future.

Recommendations to address the issues of sea lice, escapes, location and scale have been made in IFIs submission to the Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine on the Environmental Impact Statement regarding the Galway Bay fish farm development.

Source: BIM

14 inshore ireland February/March 2013

salmon farm licence debate

Sea level and underwater impression

Source: BIM

Statement from Federation of Irish Salmon and Seatrout Anglers

Defining moment has come in salmon farm fight

T

here are many in the wild salmon and sea trout fishery sector who regard this new plan and strategy by Marine Minister Simon Coveney as the final nail in the coffin of what was a sustainable resource that will be wiped out within a few seasons.

But there is no doubt that the international trade press and aquaculture industry are excited by what they deem to be a most creative initiative to fast-forward the production figures of farmed salmon from 14,000 to 150,000 tonnes to feed the massive

projected market demand as announced by BIM in their EIS application.

Political capital

The target to grow production tenfold on just ten sites proves that this minister is convinced that the plan is viable and is prepared to invest a huge portion our money and his political capital into a project that has already branded him as a pioneer by the industry.

The reason he gets the pioneering tag is because of the new way the ten applications are being

processed. No longer does IFA Aquaculture have to assist their members with applying and risk their time and money to comply with the regulations.

Minister Coveney has decided to use our State’s time and money instead and then lease the sites to producers to run them in compliance with the best practice standards as laid out in the appropriate Environmental Impact Statement.

This may sound feasible, but when one considers the history of how the industry

has been managed, for example in Co Donegal’s Mulroy Bay, we will have very serious problems.

Rising temperatures

The case study of Mulroy Bay proves that the Summer water temperatures there and even further north in Scotland are too warm for salmon farming - causing Amoebic Gill Disease and resulting in the closure of most sites for long fallowing periods of recovery.

So, will the water temperature in Galway Bay be colder than poor-flushing loughs like Mulroy, Swilly or Glenarm? No. It will be warmer, as will the waters of Clare, Shannon and Kerry where more salmon farm locations are planned.

From a fish farming point of view, it appears the Minister is clearing a barren field to plant seed that can never be harvested unless we get a freak very cold spell for two consecutive Summers to keep the temperature below the target level. Sadly, the gamble is all the more surprising as it is State money that is being used to bankroll the risk at a time when no more such foolhardy risks can be afforded.

Dáil mention

Pioneers of the Wild West were the ones with the arrows in their backs, and so it could be for Minister Coveney as it appears that not everyone in Government knows what his real plans are at this crucial stage of

the Galway Bay application process. Most Oireachtas members are not up to speed on this plan, and neither is An Taoiseach, Enda Kenny who stated in the Dáil on December 19: “We must have a debate and an understanding that the level of production is an issue ….An application lodged for a major fish farm development off the Aran Islands ...is being heavily objected to, with another possibly to follow off the west coast. This is an issue that needs to be debated here, by the planning authorities and by those dealing with environmental regulations.”

It is a bit late for a Dáil debate after BIM has been voted to spend millions in the budget to progress the plan.

Minister Coveney does not want to hear of any debate lest the whole idea be held up to scrutiny for all to be exposed.

So, the coming weeks will signal some very significant decisions on the future of our wild fish should the Minister decide to issue a licence to put salmon cages in Galway Bay. There is no doubt that the defining moment for our wild salmon and sea trout fisheries is now. Because the magnitude of the 150,000 tonnes, ten project plan, means that it is a choice between the jewels such as Galway Bay for tourism or face a future where fish farm pollution and tourism job losses will wipe out all the hope and dreams of future generations.

Noel Carr

inshore ireland February/March 2013 15

Aquaculture

Seaweeds: the answer for future global animal production

By Dr Stefan Kraan Scientific Director of Ocean Harvest Technology Ltd

W

ith the world population topping 7 billion last year, and forecast to reach 9 billion in 2050, we are heading for major problems regarding food production and security.

The global aquaculture industry currently produces 50% of all seafood consumed - 6% from marine fish farming. Fish farming is still the fastest growing sector, however in order to increase production to secure food production we encounter problems.

Fish meal is becoming expensive as a protein source to feed farmed fish, and there’s an urgent need for alternative resources other than plant protein. Chemical use also to combat disease is becoming an issue with contamination and residues in fish and increased resistance built up by the disease against these chemicals. With protein values ranging from 1040% for certain species, seaweed might very well be a part of the solution. Besides, seaweeds bring with them other interesting bioactive molecules that could be applied via aquaculture feeds to replace currently used chemical ingredients such as colorants, preservatives, lice treatments and pre-mixes.

Health issues Farmed fish, especially salmon, is a healthy food, high in omega-3 polyunsaturated fats which have a variety of beneficially health effects.

Farmed fish - depending on the feed used - may however contain lower amounts of omega-3 fatty acids compared to wild fish when fed on vegetable oils, and tend to have more total fat and calories and slightly less protein. They may also have higher levels of contaminants, such as, antibiotics, synthetic chemicals, colorants preservatives and PCBs. Ocean Harvest Technology (OHT), Ltd has developed a sustainable, seaweed-based commercial salmon feed ingredient that not only replaces all synthetic chemical additives and colorants currently used in salmon fish feed – but has also been shown to bolster the fish’s ability to ward off sea lice.

Results from commercial farmers confirm that fish eating Ocean Feed™ have increased resistance to sea lice infestation. Sea lice control costs the industry more than $100 million a year.

Alternative options Seaweeds (Macroalgae) are rich in all the nutrients needed by humans and animals. For instance, Gracilaria - a species cultivated in many countries - contains all the essential amino acids in levels close to egg protein, while 74% of its fatty acids are unsaturated; 33% of the fatty acids in this seaweed is EPA and 13% DHA. Algae are also known to be a rich source of carotenoid pigments and could replace the current chemically produced colorants in fish farming. The brown alga Ascophyllum nodosum may contain up to 80 mg/kg dry weight of such pigments.

Pigments such as carotenoids can also act as anti-oxidants, protecting the polyunsaturated fatty acids and hence improve shelf-life of fish products. Certain seaweeds have been identified as providing a natural therapeutic solution to control diseases in salmon that avoids the problems associated with the excessive use of antibiotics and other bioaccumulating chemicals.

Certain specific carbohydrates such as alginates, carrageenans, laminarins and fucoidans, present in brown and green algae, are known to have antiviral and anti-tumour functions and have been shown to have immunostimulatory, and probiotic properties stimulating the natural immune system.

Ocean Harvest Technology Based in Milltown, Co Galway, OHT has already advanced this concept by trialling different seaweed formulas (Oceanfeed) on salmon and some other farmed species with considerable success resulting in lower FCRs, higher weight gain and a clear reduction in sea lice.

The end product (fresh and smoked salmon) has been tastetested by independent panels, retailers, consumers and Michelin Chefs and has received high acceptance for taste and texture, while reducing the environmental impact and increasing fish sustainability.

These seaweed-fed salmon are currently produced commercially on farms in Canada and Norway using Oceanfeed. More additional data from these farms have come out demonstrating, superior fish in health and taste and 80% lice reduction lowering the need for chemical treatments.

Oceanfeed and swine farming Concern over using antibiotics as growth-promoters in animals led to Sweden imposing a general

ban on animal feed antibiotics in 1986. On 19 September 2012, a group of 150 scientists in the US including the former commissioner of the US Food and Drugs Administration issued a statement calling on the FDA and Congress to regulate the use of antibiotics in animal agriculture.

“There’s no question that routinely administering nontherapeutic doses of antibiotics to food animals contributes to antibiotic resistance,” Donald Kennedy, former FDA commissioner and President emeritus at Stanford University, said.

He added that the FDA’s current voluntary approach, which asks the animal drug industry to stop selling antibiotics that are medically important to human disease management as growth promoters in animal feed, was not enough.

The FDA’s own data shows that 80% of all antimicrobial drugs sold nationally are used in animal agriculture.

Antibiotic activity from seaweed Chemicals responsible for antibiotic activities are widespread in macroalgae. Interesting substances in particular are the halogenated compounds such as haloforms; halogenated alkanes and alkenes; alcohols; aldehydes; hydroquinones and ketones.

The list of terpenoids with antibiotic qualities is especially long, many of which are also halogenated. Compounds such as sterols and heterocyclic and phenolic compounds sometimes have antibiotic properties.

A promising antibacterial agent is a halogenated furanone, or fimbrolide, from Delisea - a common red alga found in the intertidal on the Irish coast.

It has been examined for its effectiveness as an active ingredient in bacterial antifouling agents, and as a possible treatment for chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection.

Some common Irish brown seaweeds show strong antibacterial effects on Vibrio - a widespread bacterial infection in shrimp and fish farming.

In general, seaweeds show antibacterial effects on many marine and terrestrial pathogens although the exact mechanism and possible synergies with other compounds is not understood yet.

OceanFeed-Swine trials In 2011, Ocean Harvest Technology commissioned an Irish swine research farm feeding trial with OceanFeed-Swine at different percentages of inclusion of 0%, 2%, and 5%, and compare

Sea spaghetti fields in clear waters of Co Donegal

Exotic looking Irish red seaweeds – a source of novel antibiotics

Lean and tasty salmon produced on OceanFeed the results against a reference diet using 240 pigs.

Due to current industry requirements, OHT was unable to fully replace all of the mineral and vitamin pre-mix in this particular trial.

OceanFeed-swine was therefore fed in addition to conventional premixes, diluting the other

ingredients. After a four-month trial period with weanlings to 100 kg pigs the results showed a positive outcome of having OceanFeed incorporated at 5% in the diet on taste and intestinal health. In respect of FCE and weight gain the lower inclusion level scored better than the control.

16 inshore ireland February/March 2013

Marine R&D

INFOMAR proposed operations for 2013

T

he Integrated Mapping for the Sustainable Development of Irelands Marine Resource (INFOMAR) programme is a joint venture between the Geological Survey of Ireland and the Marine Institute. It

follows on from the Irish National Seabed Survey but has a focus that is expanded to include three programme areas, namely: data acquisition, data management and interpretation; data exchange and integration and value-added exploitation.

Covering some 125,000 square kilometres of underwater territory, INFOMAR produces integrated mapping products covering the physical, chemical and biological features of the seabed.

During the current year of INFOMAR Phase 1 (2006-2016), operations are provisionally planned to take place within the tabulated bays (see sidebar) subject to approval from other agencies

including NPWS. Data acquisition methods will include hydrographic and geophysical vessel survey, satellite bathymetry and geological groundtruthing.

As part of the ongoing planning process, INFOMAR is interested in identifying previous, current, and planned operations or environmental constraints within the above priority survey areas, (e.g. environmental and/ or physical monitoring / dredging / commercial activities/ wrecks).

Enquiries or supporting information in relation to the above programme should in the first instance be directed to Linda Grealish on 091 387509 or email: linda. grealish@marine.ie or linda.grealish@gsi.ie

RV Keary – 15m aluminium catamaran equipped with full geophysical suite

RV Geo 7.5m RIB equipped with interferometric mapping system

RV Cosantóir Bradán equipped with multibeam and RV Celtic Voyager equipped with full geophysical suite

2013 Operations Summary Survey

R.V.s Keary, Geo & Cosantoir Bradan

R.V. Celtic Voyager

Proposed survey areas are in red hatching. Priority Bays and Areas are outlined in black hatching and represent the maximum limits of the target area. Orange shaded areas represent existing bathymetric data sets acquired by INSS / INFOMAR.

Satellite Bathymetry in very shallow/ drying areas

Schedule

Location

March - April

Dundalk & Carlingford Lough

May - June

Dingle

June – July - August

Shannon & Offshore Clare

August - September

Broadhaven & Blacksod

August

NE Gola Island

September - October

Lough Swilly & Lough Foyle

10th – 19th March

SEAI Offshore Clare

6th April – 25th April

SEAI Offshore Clare

26th April – 4th June

South Priority Area / East Priority Area

10th July – 7th August

South Priority Area / South Coast

TBC

Cork, Dingle & Shannon

TBC

Carlingford & Dundalk

inshore ireland February/March 2013 17

Marine R&D

Harnessing marine resources for the biomedical industry

A

new generation of ‘green’ biomaterials are to be sourced from the Atlantic Ocean by a team of scientists across Europe. As part of the project, two research groups based at NUIG have received funding of over €500,000 to investigate the potential use of such marine materials for applications in the biomedical industry.

The University’s Irish Seaweed Research Group (ISRG) and the Network of Excellence for Functional Biomaterials (NFB) will work on the two-year project involving ten partners from France, Portugal, Spain, the UK and Ireland.

Their primary focus is to research and develop new products and applications with particular emphasis on developing biomaterials for human tissue engineering; drug delivery applications; dental and bone fillers and wound dressings.

Funded to just over €2m under the Atlantic Area Translational Programme 2007-2013, MARMED is led by the University of Minho in Portugal, and aims to find economic and societal value from marine resources, marine subproducts and by-products.

“Marine materials have only been barely explored, and their use in a biomedical context is quite an innovative approach. There are tremendous

possibilities around, for example, marine derived bone proteins as an alternative to genetically engineered technologies.

Meanwhile, marine collagen has huge potential for use in biomedical products such as skin substitutes.

“We also want to explore the use of new polysaccharides extracted from green algae for possible use in intervertebral disc repair and ceramics such as hydroxyapatite produced from fish bones which could be used in bone repair,” remarked Prof Abhay Pandit, director of NFB (Network of Excellence for Functional Biomaterials) at NUIG. The Irish Seaweed Research Group and NFB will focus on the technical development of marine biomaterials for potential added value and biomedical applications following the identification of suitable compounds and subproducts.

“Through the success of previous EU projects carried out by the Irish Seaweed Research Group (ISRG) and NFB and the involvement of industry partners, the utilisation avenues of underexploited marine resources can be explored.

“The MARMED project provides a platform for European partners to collaborate on research that will lead to the rapid development of new products for human health,” remarked Dr Richard Walsh, ISRG.

Corallina officinalis

Professor Abhay Pandit: Director of the NFB at NUI Galway

SAVE THE DATE

Irish Seafood Summit

Becoming a Global Seafood Player Thursday, 21st March 2013, 9am - 2pm at the Irish Management Institute, Sandyford, Dublin

18 inshore ireland February/March 2013

Marine R&D

A pod of dolphins 150km off the west coast of Ireland.

Photo Dr Joanne O’Brien

Survey area

GMIT and IWDG scientists survey bottlenose dolphins on the continental shelf Cushla DromgoolRegan and Lisa Fitzpatrick

L

ast month, scientists from Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology’s Marine and Freshwater Research Centre departed Galway on board the RV Celtic Explorer on the fourth dedicated survey

of cetaceans on the continental shelf edge.

The trip will determine if a distinct population or ‘eco-type’ of bottlenose dolphin exists in offshore waters, as suggested

by DNA analysis, photo-identification and behavioural traits observed in previous surveys.

Jointly lead by GMIT and the Irish Whale and Dolphin Group (IWDG), Cetaceans

on the Frontier is an annual research cruise that began in 2008 to record the number and distribution of whales, dolphins and porpoises along the continental shelf edge. The region is an important habitat for cetaceans because of the rich food resources available from increased productivity caused by upwelling when nutrients are brought to the surface from the depths.

“This project aims to identify particular areas of importance for cetaceans as well as other species such as seabirds. This survey will focus in particular on the bottlenose dolphin,” explained GMIT Marine Scientist and lecturer Dr Joanne O’Brien.

“While many people are familiar with coastal bottlenose dolphins resident in the Shannon Estuary or those that occasionally venture into bays and harbours during summer months, little is known about their offshore counterparts,” she added.

Limited data

While the bottlenose dolphin is afforded protection under the EU Habitats Directive “this is difficult to achieve for animals living offshore as we know little about their ecology, movements and the threats that they may face,” remarked Conor Ryan, chief survey scientist and member of the IWDG. “From a small boat deployed from the RV Celtic Explorer, we will take skin samples using a biopsy darting system for DNA analysis under licence from the National Parks and Wildlife Service.

“We will photograph their uniquely marked dorsal fins and catalogue the individual’s movements. We also hope to characterise their preferred habitat type, such as preferred depth and distance from the shelf edge,” he added.

Interaction norms

Rare black-browed albatraoss.

Photo Conor Ryan

Cetaceans on the Frontier is an inter-disciplinary research cruise during which scientists specialising in seabird biology, plankton and micro-plastics will also be collecting data in order to determine how different species interact with their environment and with each other.

Last year the bird team recorded a rare black-browed albatross, tens of thousands of kilometres from its native Southern Ocean.

The micro-plastics research team based in GMIT aims to investigate how prolific plastic pollution is in the ocean, particularly in deep waters far from the sources of dumping.

Zooplankton (including jellyfish such as the mauve stinger) will be collected in small nets and analysed for chemical tracers called ‘stable isotopes’ which help ecologists to model food-webs including the diets and even movements of larger predators such as fish, birds and cetaceans.

Scientists from GMIT, IWDG, BirdWatch Ireland, Queens University Belfast, National Oceanographic Centre Southampton, University College Cork and University of La Rochelle spent two weeks at sea, zigzagging along the shelf edge from Co Donegal to Co Cork.

The survey is funded through the Marine Institute’s National Research Vessel Ship –Time Programme 2013 supported by the Marine Research Sub-programme of the National Development Plan 2007–2013.

Follow the survey’s progress and learn about any discoveries along the way on the daily blog, cotf4. blogspot.ie

inshore ireland February/March 2013 19

Marine R&D

NUI Galway researchers launch survey of Ireland’s ocean economy financial instruments directed towards the support of ocean related industries.”

Economic contribution

Dr. Amaya Vega, Socio-Economic Marine Research Unit, NUI Galway

R

esearchers in NUI Galway have launched a survey of marine businesses in Ireland to create a clear understanding of the status of Ireland’s ocean economy.

The survey is targeting marine enterprises in established and emerging marine sectors and is the second such survey to be carried out by the Socio Economic Marine Research

Unit (SEMRU) as part of its ongoing process of collection and analysis of economic data associated with Ireland’s marine sector.

“We want to make available a wide range of data on economic activities in the marine sectors to support the efficient management and sustainable growth of Ireland’s ocean economy, ” explained Dr Stephen Hynes, Director of SEMRU. “Sustainable ocean and coastal management in Ireland, and indeed Europe, requires information on ocean industrial activities and socio-economic trends, as well as information on the environmental coastal effects of policies and the

While certain marine subsectors are clearly identifiable within national CSO data -such as information gathered on maritime transport and fishing - information about other marine-based activity can be difficult to obtain. As a result, certain sub-sectors require additional survey activity to ensure all subsectors of the ocean economy are represented.

The survey focuses on the economic contribution of these sectors in terms of indicators such as output, employment and exports, and provides estimates of the economic importance of marine-related sectors and activities in the broader Irish economy.

The data collected will result in the publication of SEMRU’s second Ireland’s Ocean Economy report.

Published in 2010 the first report established that in 2007, Ireland’s marine sector was worth €3.4bn, contributing 1.2% of GDP to Ireland’s economy and providing employment for 17,000 full-time equivalent individuals. While 2007 was at the peak of the last economic cycle, the data published

represented an important baseline and resource for future economic planning and socio-economic research.

This survey will support the ongoing monitoring and analysis of Ireland’s ocean and coastal economy as the data collected will allow for comparative analysis of the contribution of the marine sector to the national economy in the 2007-2010 period. The data will also support the progress monitoring of the economic projections/targets set out in Harnessing Our Ocean Wealth - An Integrated Marine Plan for Ireland launched by the Government last year.

Human dimension

Based in the College of Business, Public Policy and Law at the National University of Ireland, Galway, SEMRU conducts research in a variety of marinerelated issues. This includes examining the economic utility of the marine (e.g. transportation, recreation) and ecological value (e.g. fisheries, aquaculture) derived from the productivity of associated marine ecosystems.

Consideration of the human dimension in the management of marine ecosystems is also a critical component of all research projects undertaken.

Since its establishment in 2009, SEMRU has been successful in attracting

research funding to support the expansion of its marine socio-economic research programme. The unit is now a partner in a number of European-funded projects in the area of marine socioeconomics.

For more information on SEMRU or to participate in the survey of marine-related businesses, please visit www. nuigalway.ie/semru/ or contact Rebecca Corless, SEMRU, NUI Galway at: rebecca.corless@nuigalway.ie.

Ireland’s Ocean Economy survey is funded through the Beaufort Marine Research Award, which is carried out under the Sea Change Strategy, with the support of the Marine Institute, funded under the Marine Research Sub-Programme of the National Development Plan 2007–2013.

Ireland’s Ocean Economy December 2010

Irish marine science research receives further recognition Dermot Hurst and Cushla DromgoolRegan

M

inister for Jobs, Enterprise and Innovation, Richard Bruton TD and Minister for Research and Innovation, Sean Sherlock TD, have announced funding totalling €60m dedicated to 85 pioneering research initiatives. These awards, administered via Science Foundation Ireland’s (SFI) Investigator Programme, include three major awards to support Irish marine science research.

Speaking of the announcement, Minister Sean Sherlock said that

over the past decade, Ireland had invested heavily in R&D and that the rewards were clearly visible.

“What is particularly heartening about the announcement is that much of this excellent research, which was selected competitively following international peer review, and is being done in collaboration with companies that are seeking to find new products and services, including IBM Ireland, Intel Ireland, HP, EMC and Bord Gáis.”

International recognition Dr Peter Heffernan, CEO of the Marine Institute congratulated Dr Dagmar Stengel of the National University of Ireland-Galway, Dr Jens Carlsson of University College Cork and Dr Nicolas

Touzet of IT Sligo for their “excellent performance” in securing research funds from this highly competitive SFI scheme.

“The three marine-based projects are recognition of the internationally-ranked quality of these Irish marine research scientists and the relevance of their work to Irish industry.

These projects are particularly relevant to firms that seek to develop value-added products based on marine biological resources and are a boost for Ireland’s marine research community. ” Dr Heffernan also highlighted the significance of these awards to Ireland’s Integrated Marine Plan, Harnessing Our OceanWealth, saying: “Each project will deliver new knowledge that supports the plan’s goals for a thriving maritime economy and healthy

ecosystems.”

The Marine Institute previously funded two of the researchers. Dr Carlsson worked on the Fish Population Genetics project supported by the Beaufort Marine Science Award, and a project led by Dr Stengel, Phlorotannins in Irish Brown Seaweed - Investigations of their UV-protective - Effects and Potential as Natural Sunscreens was funded under the NDP awards 20002006. Dr Stengel is currently a Principal Investigator on the MI/ DAFM co-funded NutraMara marine functional foods project.

The SFI award to Dr. Carlsson of €194,498 will support the project, Taxonomy and connectivity of animal species at the Moytirra hydrothermal vent field: developing methods for assessing ecological impacts of mineral extraction in the deep-sea. This builds on the

VENTuRE expedition—led

by University College Cork, funded by the Marine Institute andinvolving RV Celtic Explorer— which discovered the Moytirra hydrothermal vent field in July 2011.

Dr Stengel received an award of €244,782 to support her project, Iodine in commercially valuable Irish seaweeds: variability, pathways, and implications for industrial applications.

Dr. Nicolas Touzet received an award of €380,000 for the METALGAE project, which will focus on investigating the diversity of microalgae from marine, estuarine and freshwater environments in western Ireland to identify and culture, under controlled conditions, the species with high potential for market-targeted biotechnological applications.

20 inshore ireland February/March 2013

Crow’s Nest

A spectacle of sail expected for the ‘Gathering Cruise’ Gillian Mills

D

escribed as a ‘unique event’, the Irish Sailing Association and Gathering Ireland 2013 are organising a cruise involving 100 boats and 600-strong crew that will sail in company down the east and south coasts of Ireland. The flotilla will be joined en route by boats from feeder ports in the UK, Europe and America.

Arriving at gateway ports, boats will be greeted by Gathering Welcome Ambassadors and local communities. They will then join the flotilla that left Dublin on July 13 as it sails southwards to assemble in Kinsale, Co Cork, before heading westward along the West Cork and Kerry coastline for a major farewell gathering in Dingle on August 1.

“The Gathering Cruise offers the ISA the chance to promote Ireland’s beautiful natural amenities, spectacular coastline, unspoilt harbours and the warm welcome of coastal villages and

towns,” remarked CEO, Harry Harmon.

“We look forward to working with The Gathering Ireland 2013 to welcome the Irish sailing diaspora back to our shores. In recent years, we have proved ourselves to be one of the world’s foremost sailing destinations with a lot to offer the international sailing community. ‘The Gathering Cruise’ offers another superb opportunity to showcase this,” he said.

Acknowledging the input sailing has to the Irish tourism industry, Jim Miley, Project Director of The Gathering Ireland 2013 said the project forms a “key part” of the year-long calendar.

“It captures what the year is about: bringing people who have an interest or a link to Ireland to be part of it.”

Damian Foxall, Ireland’s most accomplished international racing sailor, says the event provides an “incredible opportunity” for sailing enthusiasts of all levels to get involved in a really exciting sailing spectacle.

Foxall knows what to expect.

Last July he sailed up Ireland’s west coast to be greeted by

bonfires burning on the Aran Islands and a 20,000 strong crowd that lined the Galway quays after nine-months at sea and 40,000 miles travelled along with Groupama sailing teammates as part of Volvo Ocean Race 2012.

“Sailing with a flotilla and being part of the Gathering Ireland 2013, promises to be a once-ina-lifetime experience. There’ll be something for everyone,” he added. “If you want to hit all the marinas and have a sort of luxury holiday around the coast, that’s possible. On the other hand it can be something totally different, where you drop anchor in a secluded port and you’re on your own; or anchor up with a few buddies and get out the BBQ on the back of the boat. We have some of the best cruising grounds in the world.”

The Gathering Cruise is organised

by The Irish Sailing Association with support of the Irish Marine Federation, the Irish Marina Operators’ Association, Irish Boat Rental Association, Irish Sea Marine Leisure Knowledge Network, the Cruising Association of Ireland and Irish Cruising Club.

Damian Foxall flying the flag

Maritime festival tour

S

ail Training Ireland in collaboration with Merseyside Adventure Sail Training (M.A.S.T.) is organising a host of voyages around the Irish Sea throughout the summer months. Calling into Drogheda, Liverpool, Dublin (3 stops), Belfast, Warrenpoint and Warrenview, this programme is targeting 534 trainees.

A big part of this event is the Liverpool-Dublin leg which is partnering with Gathering Ireland 2013 and will see Irish diaspora in Liverpool sailing to Dublin in what is being called the ‘sail home to your roots’ voyage. The event is also open to Irish living at home interested in marking countless similar voyages of yesteryear from Dublin to Liverpool.

The four-day package costs €320. Sail Training Ireland can help with fundraising events, contact info@irishsailtraining.com or + 353 (0)86 0346038/ + 353(0)1 8876046.

Irish Sea Fleet - Maritime Festival Tour Number of Berths Available by Vessel Soteria

Johanna Lucretia

Ruth

Irene

Voyage Dates

Ports

7 - 10 May

Drogheda - Liverpool

4

320

28

10

12

8

12

13 - 19 May

Liverpool - Dublin

6

480

28

10

12

8

12

20 -24 May

Dublin - Belfast

5

400

28

10

12

0

12

28 - 31 May

Belfast - Dublin

4

320

28

10

12

0

12

4 - 7 June

Dublin - Liverpool

4

320

28

10

12

8

12

10 - 14 June

Liverpool Warrenpoint

6

480

28

10

12

8

12

16 - 20 June

Warrenpoint Whitehaven

6

480

28

10

12

8

12

196

70

84

40

84

Total voyage berths 534

Gulden Leeuw

60

60

The Gathering 2013 - “Sail Home to Your Roots”

The UK flagged gaff schooner Johanna Lucretia following the Columbian Navy’s STV ARC Gloria down the line off the Waterford coast at Tall Ships 2011.

Photo G Mills

Days Price €

Pelican of London

inshore ireland February/March 2013 21

Crow’s Nest Oona (No 17, Peter Courtney, built James Kelly Portrush 1909), and Aura (No 7, Ian Malcolm, built John Hilditch of Carrickfergus 1898) leading two lines to windward Photo: John Deane

Tall Ships line the Dublin quays during the 2012 festival.

Photo G Mills

Full sail for big June Dublin Bay event

W

eather etc permitting, five Class A & B Tall Ships will visit Dublin over the June Bank Holiday weekend as part of the Port’s maritime festival and will provide a spectacular backdrop to a race on Sunday June 2 at 1pm between the East-Link Bridge and the Samuel Becket Bridge, involving the Howth 17 fleet, the oldest, actively– sailed fleet of one-design gaff topsail keelboats still using their original rig.

Also planning to participate is Eithne now 120 years old, designed by Herbert Boyd and widely regarded as the progenitor and inspiration for his Howth 17 design, being similar in hull waterline and size. Eithne has but one sister, Marguerite also a Boyd design, built in 1895, and she too will attend the rally.

Conditions permitting, the two old girls will take up position at the mouth of the Liffey, to greet and escort the fleet of Howth 17s upriver to Poolbeg.

Hosted by the Poolbeg Yacht Club, the event marks the 50th anniversary of the Old Gaffers Association and is being jointly organised by the Dublin Bay branch of the association and the Dublin Port Company.

Inaugural race

Also planned is an inaugural race for the RMS Leinster Trophy Plate. Starting off Dún Laoghaire on the Saturday at 11am, this perpetual trophy commemorates the loss on October 1918 of the Mailboat RMS Leinster which was torpedoed and sunk while on passage from Kingstown to Holyhead, just 5 miles east of the Kish Lighthouse in Dublin Bay. The race will track the course of the mailboat out to the fatal spot and back towards Dalkey Sound and from there to the finish line at the Poolbeg lighthouse.

The Irish Communications Workers Union, which represents the interests of Irish postal workers, have been invited by the DB OGA to join in the commissioning of a special trophy for this event. Among the passengers who lost their lives were 21 postal workers who were sorting the mail when the torpedo struck.

The visiting OGA50 fleet will include a Dutch OGA contingent of six traditional vessels led by Rik Jannsen, sailing his unique, self-built, steel-hulled Galway Hooker. From Dutch waters they will sail down the English Channel, along the UK east coast to the Scilly Isles and up the Irish Sea to Dublin Port.

Afterwards, Rik plans to sail west in his steel hooker to challenge the originals in their home waters.

Bank Holiday race

Monday’s race in Dublin Bay with a noon starting gun will be for the unique Asgard trophy, made from original and new timbers used in the construction and restoration of the famous 1916 uprising gun-runner, Asgard. The splendidly restored vessel is now on show in the Collins Barracks National Museum of Ireland, just up the Liffey from Poolbeg, and well worth a visit.

Registration Owners of gaff-rigged vessels are welcome to participate in DBOGA’s Rally in June. Contact Hon Secretary John Wedick for registration forms.

Email: John Wedick: ossobocco@hotmail.com/dublinbayoga@ gmail.com or Phone: 087-9975994 Marina berthing will be free for registered DBOGA Rally Boats Details also on the website: www.dublinbayoldgaffers.com

Howth 17s were designed in 1897 by Howth lawyer and founding Commodore of Howth YC,

Herbert Boyd. He was known as Herbert Boyd until he became Sir Walter Boyd on the death of his father, the famous Judge Boyd (mentioned in Joyce’s Ulysses) who had been the first Baronet. He was also an amateur naval architect who had shown a flair for yacht design, so the Club members asked him to design a suitable boat for Howth waters. By autumn of 1897, Boyd put before them a design for a 17’ waterline keelboat, 22’6” overall length and a 6’ beam. Complete with a gaff sloop rig, short bowsprit and topsail, she would carry 305 sq feet of sail. The members were happy with the design and the first five boats were built by John Hilditch of Carrickfergus in Belfast Lough at a cost of £90 each, all found. Two years later, Mr J Clancy of Kingstown built another three boats.

The Dublin Bay Sailing Club were provided with the drawings and commissioned another five boats, built by Mr J Kelly of Portrush and launched in 1906. Later that year in July, all thirteen boats raced together for the first time. During the next six years four more boats were built, bringing the fleet total to seventeen boats. During a windy 94-mile passage from Carrickfergus to Howth, the Howth 17s proved themselves to be sturdy, capable and seaworthy vessels. From their first race on Wednesday May 4, 1898, and subsequent racing seasons over the last 115 years, they have demonstrated over and over, how capable they are at sea.

22 inshore ireland February/March 2013

Book Review

Admiralty House, 2012

The whole school assembled

Haulbowline: The Naval Base and Ships of Cork Harbour Haulbowline – The Naval Base & Ships of Cork Harbour

W

hat is and what happens at Ireland’s naval headquarters? These are two very prescient questions that Daire Brunicardi’s latest work, Haulbowline – the Naval Base & Ships of Cork Harbour, demystifies for readers. These are timely questions, when every aspect of Irish institutional life is being questioned on the basis of value for the taxpayer and return on investment.

In a most apt setting, aboard the patrol vessel L.E. Orla, this book was recently launched

by Junior Minister for State & Chief Whip, Paul Kehoe.

He was accompanied by the Flag Officer of the Irish Navy, Commodore Mark Mellett, who commended the work for its depth of research and overall importance in compiling a clearly defined snapshot of the nation’s naval homeport and base to numerous vessels.

Historical links

Many will know that Cork

is the world’s second largest natural harbour; however less may be known about its structure and layout: the dockyard, extension works, draining basin, pier walls and so on. These are all manmade creations, strategically designed as a result of major events in both global and Irish politics: the American War of Independence; two World Wars: the Irish War of Independence their interlinked relationships are a key focus of this work.

Brunicardi brings us through every stage of Haulbowline’s expansion. He outlines the earliest growth period as a staging post for French vessels making their way west to battle for control of North America, to more recent usages such the naval hospital replete with dispensary and isolation wards, the naval college, and the cluster of maritime engagement around the Cork-based IMERC project generally.

Through detailed recorded reports and excellent archival account work we hear of a bygone world – the wonderful description of Cove in the

mid-1830s as ‘all gaiety; staid officers, light headed and thoughtless middies, and jolly jack-tars, paraded up and down at all hours.’

Or ‘the pennant floated in a breeze redolent with dust, pitch, whisky, and music”... such lines as might spur a tourism board executive into a tizzy of excitement, and surely not what we know of the present day waterfront facing south toward Haulbowline!

Multi-functional

The work also covers the varied roles of vessels using Cork harbour and Haulbowline throughout the centuries. A case in point is the superb cataloguing of incidents around the Irish coast that feature in patrolling and policing of the fisheries resource. ‘’In 1877, 142 Irish vessels, 15 Scotch, 197 Manx, 32 English and over 60 large French luggers were engaged on the County Cork mackerel fishery.’

Given the scale of the current political talks on mackerel stocks, it would appear little has changed in the demand for fish from Ireland’s waters over the past

Presidential guard of honour, for President Sean T. O’Kelly, Cobh, 1950s

Cassidy Collection

Daire Brunicardi Publishers: The History Press ISBN: 978-1-84588-756-8 €18 available though www.thehistorypress.ie

Competition

The publishers have generously offered two copies as competition prizes:

Q: In 1877, how many Irish vessels were involved in the mackerel fishery?

Answers to mills@inshore-ireland.com or by postcard to 3 Hillview Cottages, Pottery Road, Dún Laogahire, Co Dublin.

Closing date@ March 29, 2013. Good luck!

140 years.

Brunicardi’s research also explores the exciting role of seaplanes in Cork harbour, as well as marine and coastwatch services, as a direct response to the German U-boat problem. Throughout the world wars ‘there were reports of German U-boats coming alongside Irish fishing vessels at sea to buy fresh fish and even arranging a rendezvous to buy other provisions.’

With her strategic importance to Britain’s efforts throughout the wars and the usefulness of seaplanes in spotting submarines from the air, the strip of water between

Cobh and Haulbowline presented an ideal seaplane landing strip. Attempts have even been made recently to revive this strip for a national seaplane service!

This book uncovers such an array of exciting and historical vistas of Ireland’s naval traditions, it showcases Haulbowline as a most vital component of Irish maritime culture and is a compelling read for anyone with an interest in the vessels that have plied the waters around our coast.

Cian Gallagher, Dublin

Whole fleet in the basin, 1960. The Dept of Defence steam-launch Wyndham is on the right Cassidy Collection

inshore ireland February/March 2013 23

Book Review

The Inhabited Islands of West Cork ‘Islanders have a strong sense of love of place. The island instils it in them, it is felt in the blood. It is a feeling of being at ease with oneself and one’s surroundings. If you have smelled the sea, tasted the ocean in the wind, the salty breeze, it becomes part of you. You don’t want to leave. The mainland is a foreign place, out of harmony with your sense of self.’

These closing remarks by Tony McGettigan in The Inhabited Islands of West Cork resonate throughout the pages, describing everyday life on the seven islands in this study that is beautifully illustrated by photographer and co-author, Francis Twomey.

By their very nature, islands are immediately attractive and enticing, ‘large enough to require effort to get to know yet small enough to allow a satisfying familiarity to be obtained’.

Lest the reader be seduced into the notion of idyllic romanticism, island life can be very challenging. Emigration; dependence on declining fish stocks/increasing fishing regulations; cuts in services and grant aid, fall even heavier on communities separated by water and

with limited other economic opportunities.

Yet in spite of these inherent, practical difficulties, many choose it as their way of life.

‘It is important for all of us that they do because, in doing so, they keep us aware of, and in touch with, some of the most important, fundamental values of our humanity, self-reliance, community interdependence, oneness with nature.

In seven sections, the islands of Cape Clear; Sherkin, Heir, Long, Whiddy, Bere and Dursey are explored. We get glimpses into everyday life: children making their daily journey along bohereens that might seldom see traffic; ferry boat operators doubling up in many roles; men and boys equally comfortable on land or water and women making a living from a range of crafts.

We learn of traditions deep rooted in time but remain unchanged, and of events from past centuries that have left indelible marks – not just on the landscape but are now part of an island’s make up.

Despite their relatively close proximity to one another,

each island has unique characteristics that the authors in words and images have captured. But common to all is an abiding sense of belonging, of deep rootedness.

‘Island people exemplify this in the way in which they refer to travel to and from their island, invariably they go “out” to the mainland and “in” to their island.’

The authors are in no doubt that once visited, islands leave a permanent mark on your soul.

‘If you have ever watched quietly, the sun rise and the sun set on the island, the light on the ocean flood slowly into fullness and fade gently into darkness, the sweep of the lighthouse beam, regular as a heartbeat, you will know how it seeps into your soul.

If you have ever heard the music of the sea, the waves breaking murmurously or thunderously, the songs and cries of the birds, the wind sighing or howling, the peace it brings, you will know you will never forget it.

If you have experienced the freedom of spirit, the weight lifted from your shoulders, the lightness of being that the island gifts to you, you can never leave it behind you.

Gillian Mills, Dublin

Learning the work of a shrimper, Dermot O’Sullivan & nephew

The relaxed and welcoming ‘home port’ of the WhiddyBantry Ferry

The Inhabited Islands of West Cork by Francis Twomey and Tony McGettigan Published by Woodpark Publications ISBN: 978-0-9557554-2-2 Price €25. Available in Hughes & Hughes and Hodgis Figgis, Dublin,; shops between Cork City and Glengarriff and through the book wholesaler Argosy, The www.argosybooks.ie (next day delivery). islands cover spread_Layout

1 21/11/2012 12:45 Page 1

The Authors

Francis Twomey — Photograp

A necklace of beautiful islands adorns the Its gems are the bays of West Cork. inhabited islands - Cape Clear, Sherkin, Whiddy, Bere, Dursey, Heir, Long, in Roaringwater in Bantry Bay. Each Bay, and gem is polished In this book, the and perfected in authors display and its own special way. describe the unique charms of each.

Tony McGettigan — Text

Tony McGettigan is a published short story writer.

He won First Runner Up Prize in the Open Section of the “Ireland’s Own” Centenary Short Story Competition. He has been short listed for the Ian St. James International Short Story Award, twice, and also for the prestigious Real Writers International Short Story Competition.

He was long listed for the Fish Publishing International Short Story Competition.

Competition

By the same Authors

“Beara - The Unexplored Peninsula” Woodpark Publications 2007 Reprinted 2008 and 2010

“Lovely Flows the Lee” Woodpark Publications 2009 Reprinted 2011

Publisher Woodpark Publications 64 The Heights, Woodpark, Ballinteer, Dublin 16 E-mail: fratwomey@e ircom.net

Mounted copies of the photographs in this book are available from the Publisher

Overkill!

F

resh off the press without time to fully review is a page turner chronicling the ‘euphoric rush to industrialise Ireland’s sea fisheries and its unravelling sequel.’

According to author Edward Fahy, now retired from the Marine Institute’s fishing management team, Ireland’s fish fleet is ‘four times larger and many orders more powerful than in the 1950s when its industrialisation commenced.’ And he suggests this expansion has ‘all but eliminated the fish resources on which it depends’.

Fahy describes Overkill! as a story of a ‘reckless rush to riches which degenerated to bankruptcy and fraud,

and a marine environment damaged, possibly beyond repair. It examines the ‘development of more destructive fishing methods, the growing size of fishing vessels, the correlated evolution of fishermen’s representation and the increasing influence of the wealthier elements within it.’

This publication is heavy on detail covering 19 chapters with supporting information and references.

Speaking recently to the author, Inshore Ireland asked him why now; why at all, to which he replied: “This is a book that has been waiting to be written for a long time.

Ireland invested €2.9 billion (adjusted for inflation) in the build-up of its marine

ISBN 978-0-955755 4-2-2

Francis Twomey

BACK COVER: At Heir Island harbour only the ripples, lapping against the boats, ruffle the calm of the day.

Tony McGettigan

The authors have generously offered two copies as competition prizes.

Q: How many islands are explored in this publication?

Answers to mills@inshore-ireland.com or by postcard to 3 Hillview Cottages, Pottery Road, Dún Laogahire, Co Dublin.

Closing date@ March 29, 2013. Good luck!

The Inhabited Islan ds of West Cork

hy Francis Twomey was born in Cork City. The combination of his love of Ireland, its culture and heritage, and his photographic skills has resulted in a unique collection of images of the Irish landscape.

He is also an accomplished portrait photographer His work has been . acquired by Irish, European and American collectors.

Inhabited Islands of

West Cork

On An Island

What pleasure to be enclosed on an island high on a rock where I may reflect on the sea in all its moods.

Where I may see the great waves shining bright and cheerful singing music to their Father on their perpetual course.

That I may see the even, bright-edged strand, no gloomy view, that I may hear the song of the wonderful birds, a joyous prayer.

That I may hear the crash of the mighty waves against the rock, the roar of the sea crying out near the churchyard.

That I may watch the soaring flocks of birds over the fullness of the sea, that I might see its mighty whales, greatest of wonders.

That I may bless the Creator who rules all things, heaven with its pure order of earth, sea, everything. angels, Time to pray for the kingdom of heaven, for our salvation, a labour not too hard That would be pleasant.

Francis Twomey Tony McGettigan

fisheries over a period of sixty years but, to date, there has been no critical appraisal of its outcome”.He holds no punches, suggesting that the interaction of financial, political and biological issues ‘culminated in a centralised fisheries-political establishment in which the majority of fishermen have little or no voice and in which scientific advice is prepared to accommodate heavier exploitation rather than the prudent management of what is left.

And he goes further, believing that marine fisheries have a ‘disproportionate influence in political life’ despite only making a ‘tiny contribution to national wealth’. He contends that notwithstanding ‘withstanding widespread public concern, the industry shelters behind a folksy

Dursey’s sea port! The pier on the coast of Ballynacallagh (Baile an Chalaidh – townland of the landing place)

Saint Columcille - 12th Century – translated by Bob “Voices from Ancient Willoughby Ireland” - first published 1981 by Pan Books Ltd.

FRONT COVER: On the south coast of Bere Island – a symphony of land, sea and sky

traditional image nurtured by the establishment.’

In a bold statement, the author says that overfishing is accommodated, and even encouraged by State subsidy: ‘Today more than half of the first-sale price fetched by landings is contributed by the taxpayer as gas-guzzling

vessels sieve even more water to extract whatever marine life still survives.

Overkill! has all the hallmarks of a compelling read for anyone involved in the fishing industry; whether a producer, processor, service provider or administrator.

Gillian Mills, Dublin

Price: €12.80 plus postage from www.amazon.co.uk ISBN 978 0957 521803

Competition:

The author has generously offered two copies as competition prizes: Q: How many chapters are within the book?

Answers to mills@inshoreireland.com or postcards to 3 Hillview Cottages, Pottery Road, Dún Laoghaire, Co Dublin Closing date: March 29, 2013.

Good luck!

24 inshore ireland February/March 2013

Coffee Break

COMPETITION WINNERS Boyne Currach David Wacks, Castleblaney, Co Monaghan Eileen O’Connor, Douglas, Co Cork Atlantic Shores Lorraine Flanagan, Mullingar, Co Westmeath Declan McGrath, Annagry, Co Doneglal Warships, U-Boats & Liners

Warships, U-Boats & Liners

The Underwater Archaeology Unit (UAU) is an integral part of the National Monuments Service, Department of Arts, Heritage and the Gaeltacht, and is responsible for the management, protection and recording of underwater archaeological sites and wrecks in Ireland’s inland and coastal waters. Since its establishment in 1997 the UAU has created an extensive archive of shipwrecks, with over 12,000 documented to date. The UAU’s brief includes the quantification of the underwater cultural resource, licensing of dives on protected sites, dealing with threats to underwater archaeology and mitigating development impacts. The UAU has also undertaken surveys and excavations at previously known and newly discovered sites, adding a new layer to our existing knowledge of our island’s history. The work of the UAU in this regard is helping to ensure that the evidence for past connections to the sea and inland waterways is recognised and protected for the enjoyment and benefit of all.

A G u i d e t o S h i pw r e c k S M A p p e d i n i r i S h wAt e r S By t h e i r i S h nAt i o nA L S e A B e d S u rv e y A n d i n F o M A r M A p p i n G p roJ e c t S

Warships, U-Boats & Liners A G u i d e t o S h i pw r e c k S M A p p e d i n i r i S h wAt e r S

A G u i d e t o S h i pw r e c k S M A p p e d i n i r i S h wAt e r S

The Geological Survey of Ireland (GSI), founded in 1845, is the National Earth Science Agency and a division of the Department of Communications, Energy & Natural Resources.

The GSI is responsible for creating a broad range of products, including maps, reports and databases, and acts as a knowledge centre and project partner in all aspects of Irish geology. The GSI’s largest endeavour to date is the INtegrated Mapping FOr the Sustainable Development of Ireland’s MArine Resource (INFOMAR) programme, a joint venture between the GSI and the Marine Institute. The INFOMAR programme is a successor to the GSI-managed Irish National Seabed Survey (INSS) and is involved in producing a range of integrated mapping products of the physical, chemical and biological features of the seabed in the near-shore area. Both INSS and INFOMAR have resulted in the largest systematic survey of the seabed off Ireland, and one of the largest such surveys in the world. The data generated by these surveys is of enormous benefit to our marine cultural heritage, particularly through the mapping of shipwrecks.

As an island nation, Irish people are used to looking out to sea, following the ever-changing weather patterns and watching boats rising and falling on the waves. What cannot be seen from shore are the dark, cold deeps that pockmark Ireland’s coastline and hold secrets from the past – shipwrecks that tell of cruel wars, thwarted ambitions, political machinations and sunken treasures. It is a fascinating hidden history, filled with the best and worst features of human life and existence. This beautifully illustrated volume presents sixty of those shipwrecks and tells a colourful tale of Ireland’s maritime heritage. From the sixteenth century to the two world wars, the ships’ stories recounted here are compelling and often relate to important moments in our island’s history.

Brady | McKeon | Lyttleton | Lawler

For the past 12 years Ireland’s offshore waters and coastal seas have been subject to one of the largest seabed surveys in the world, commenced by the Geological Survey of Ireland and currently being completed as a joint venture with the Marine Institute. In the course of this survey, working in conjunction with the Underwater Archaeology Unit of the National Monuments Service, a database of over 300 shipwrecks has been compiled, containing detailed information regarding each wreck’s condition on the seafloor, its extent, dimensions and water depth, along with a short background history and the reason for its loss. This selection of important historic wrecks from the database highlights this work and the importance of maritime conservation and recording.

Karl Brady Archaeologist, Underwater Archaeology Unit, National Monuments Service, Department of Arts, Heritage and the Gaeltacht.

Charise McKeon Marine Geologist, INFOMAR, Geological Survey of Ireland.

karl Brady | charise Mckeon | James Lyttleton | ian Lawler

Barcode here

Fear Cover Full Spread 2

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Dr James Lyttleton Post-Doctoral Research Fellow, Department of Archaeology, University College Cork.

Dr Ian Lawler Fisheries Development Executive, Bord Iascaigh Mhara, and with over 30 years’ diving experience.

Warships Kevin O’Driscoll, Gurranabraher, Cork Walter Foley, New Ross, Co Wexford

Page 2

A mayday call from a chemical tanker in the North of Scotland plunges ex special forces friends Sean Harris and Manny Collins of the ocean going tug ‘Retribution’ into a hazardous adventure. An astonishing plot unfolds and a terrible danger is revealed. Will the beautiful Julia Caprio recover in time to provide the information Harris and his team need to thwart the powerful Pharmaceutical Multinational Corporation?

This riveting and action packed read, with intriguing characters, weaves adventure, and suspense with friendship and love to keep you enthralled from the very first page.

Fear in the Shadow is Copyright 2010 by Avonbeg Publishers Ltd.

DONAL MAGUIRE FEAR IN THE SHADOW

Well researched, intricately plotted, fast moving and full of surprises.

A superb first novel.

DONAL MAGUIRE

Fear in the Shadow Charlie Crowley, Schull, Co Cork Delia Power, Castletownbere, Co Cork

Well researched, intricately plotted, fast moving and full of surprises.

A superb first novel.

Hidden Gems Jim Flanagan, Belleek, Co Fermanagh Ita O’Farrell, Churchtown, Dublin 14 Black John Faye & Esme Treacy, Bray Co Wicklow Lucy Byrne, Mullingar, Co Westmeath Hugh Keaveney, Barna, Co Galway Connor Gunn, Raheny, Co Dublin Carton House Clare O’Gorman, Myrtleville, Co Cork Congratulations to all our competition winners.

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1. Wave riders

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2. Clarets

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3. Angers

9. Moment

4. Old Sailors

10. Small common brownish bird

5. Venomous snake

15. Pertinent 18. Abduct

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20. Post-mortem examination

6. Member of a rotary club 7. Muscular strength 11. Select 13. One-celled organisms 14. Makes brown

23. Capital of Georgia

16. Ceded

25. Incomplete

17. Downy

26. Visage

19. Actor

27. Listener

21. Composure

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22. Seaport in the Crimea 24. Resting place

Stuck for an answer? You’ll find the solution on www.inshore-ireland.com

inshore ireland February/March 2013 25

Subscriptions

Inshore Ireland is a bimonthly marine, maritime, seafood and freshwater publication and publishes six times a year: February, April, June, August, October and December.

Readership

In news, feature and advertorial format, Inshore Ireland reports on an all-island basis on topics including:

Be in with a chance of winning a signed print of the ‘Gas House on the Bull Rock’

by Vincent Hyland.

To enter, ‘like’ both Inshore Ireland and Derrynane’s Facebook pages and post a message ‘Feb/ March issue competition’.

Simply visit www.facebook.com/Derrynane and www.facebook.com/InshoreIreland before March 29th

Good Luck!

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Why Subscribe?

Over the past seven years Inshore Ireland has provided unbiased analysis of topical issues relating to the marine and freshwater sectors. By focussing on renewable energy and marine research/technology, readers are also kept informed on these rapidly developing sectors.

In other words: ‘WATER: we write about it’!

Subscriptions 2013

Select your subscription rate; tick the issue you wish to start with; indicate your preferred method of payment, cheque or standing order and tick which issue you wish your subscription to start - you will receive 6 issues from that issue. Then, post the completed form (original only, please) to Inshore Ireland, Rockfield, Athenry, Co Galway.

Choose your subscription rates Tick as applicable  Ireland €30  UK €35

O

ver the coming weeks on Seascapes, listeners to the maritime programme on RTE Radio 1 can hear about and win copies of The Light Keeper by Gerald Butler and his remarkable career with the Commissioners of Irish Lights from The Bailey to Inishtearaght and The Fastnet.

Author of Seaspray and Whisky and former Radio Officer Norman Freeman, brings us the tale of a kind Captain aboard a vessel in The Indian Ocean.

Seascapes will feature the 7th ISA (Irish Sailing Association) Awards Ball from the Royal Marine Hotel and we’ll be talking to some of the award winners; nominees include Damian Foxall, Annalise Murphy; David Burrows and Peter O’Leary – that programme will be on Friday March 8.

As usual we have our regular features on the Inland Waterways; the angling report from Paul Bourke of Inland Fisheries Ireland; Islands with Olwen Gill from Inishmore and the lifeboats and the work of the RNLI. During the coming months we’ll also be focussing on the controversial fish farm proposed for the western seaboard and speaking to all the parties involved.

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26 inshore ireland February/March 2013

Coastline News

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ARE YOU READY TO JOIN US FOR THE ADVENTURE OF A LIFTIME?

Major project set to enhance West Cork beauty spot Brian Moore

UR 2013 ODYSSEY TO IRISH THEiation n Youth Trust Ireland wth Sail Training Ireland and Ocea in assoc

Inspiring young people through the challenge of adventure under sail Sail training provides a uniquely powerful and extremely effective environment for the personal development of young people from a diverse range of backgrounds.

Residential voyages aboard our 70” foot ketch “Alba Venturer” are safe, yet genuinely demanding, and the often unpredictable nature of sail training requires a high degree of interaction and mental and physical commitment. The twelve children aboard are accompanied by six highly qualified sea staff.

Young people complete their voyages having increased their confidence, responsibility, respect, resilience and ability to work as part of a team. More than that, they will have expanded their horizons, made new friends and treasured memories • • • • • • • •

Explore the Irish Sea, Isle of Man and West Coast of Scotland Learn sailing and navigation skills along with problem solving and communication skills Develop teamwork and leadership skills Complete your Duke of Edinburgh Award Residential section A truly life-changing experience Gain valuable Royal Yachting Association qualifications Take part in an amazing journey as part of a team Much, much, more than other ‘outdoor’ activities

Ocean Youth Trust Scotland Adventure under sail Inspiring young people REGISTERED IN SCOTLAND AS A CHARITY NO. SC029531

For more information and to book your voyage, contact Michael Byrne;

Tel: 353 86034 6038 Email: michael.byrne@irishsailtraining.com

B

antry town is awaiting the green light to begin construction of a multi-million euro waterfront development which when completed will become the focal point for the boating, leisure and tourism industry in West Cork.

Funded through a private/public partnership, the project will see the inner harbour area dredged to make way for a permanent mooring area for boats and pleasure craft. The proposed development will also see construction of new sea breaks and shoreline walls to provide better access to the bay, as well as a centre for

both retail, residential and leisure facilities overlooking the new marina area.

Speaking to Inshore Ireland, Capt Michael Murphy, assistant harbour master said that the planning permission was expected to be granted by the end of February.

“Our first step will be to dredge the area known as ‘the slob’; the material removed from here will be used to make bricks for the sea breaks and the shoreline walls. This will allow boat owners to moor right in the heart of the town.

“The development will also see new slipways constructed at the Bantry Bay Sailing Club,” he added.

Welcoming the development, Gearoid O’Leary, chairman of the Bantry Business

Association (BBA) told Inshore Ireland that the new marina was a very positive and worthwhile project for the busy town.

“Bantry needs to grow and develop however this growth must be for the benefit of the people who live here and the businesses that thrive in the town. The new marina will also see a multi-storey carpark with 650 spaces as well as a plaza and restaurants.

This will provide visitors with a focal point for their stay in Bantry, as well as encouraging new businesses within the town.

“Bantry has a long and historic connection with the sea, Bantry Bay is known worldwide and we hope that our town will now become a world-class destination for the boating on this island,” he said.

inshore ireland February/March 2013 27

Coastline News

Seven-day adventure along north and west coasts of Ireland

Beast from the deep?

all ship Thalassa is Ireland bound in July. Starting from Belfast on July 14 she will sail westward along Northern Ireland’s majestic coastline before heading south to visit Donegal, Clare Island, finishing in Galway on July 28.

Thalassa will call into various ports along the route where the crew will go ashore to explore the countryside, hike along the cliffs, do some sea kayaking and sample the local hospitality along with traditional music and dance.

For full programme details and cost go to: http://www. whiskyzeilreizen.nl/ierland_reizen_uk.php

ark Francis, skipper of the Howthbased fishing trawler, Catherine Alice was shocked when he inspected the catch while fishing 70km off Kilmore Quay, Co wWexford, to see a monster sized crayfish amongst the fish and prawns.

Quickly named Reggie after one of the infamous Cray twins, the crayfish was weighed and measured onboard; body length 450mm and weight a staggering 3.8kg. (The average size of crayfish caught and landed in Ireland is approximately 1.2 -1.8kg (7-9 years old) and they rarely have a body length exceeding 250mm.) Reggie is estimated to be older than 15 years, which makes him a very rare find.

Anxious that Reggie was found a safe home, we contacted the Galway National Aquarium to the delight of Kevin O’Hara.

In all his 20 years’ fishing, Mark said he has never seen a crayfish of that size and was

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unlikely to ever see one again.

“It’s important that it should go to an aquarium for all to share the sight of the beast,” he said.

When the Catherine Alice came into Howth Harbour

that morning, a steady stream of fishermen boarded the boat to have a look at Reggie.

All confirmed they had never seen such a fantastic specimen crayfish!

Photo Declan Mac Gabhann

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Declan MacGabhann

Did Saint Brendan Discover America?

The legend that St. Brendan the Navigator may have beaten the Vikings to America was reinforced in 1983 by the discovery of writings in Irish Ogam script that described the Christian nativity, carved into rock in West Virginia. While scholars have disputed this discovery, Viking sagas tell of Native Americans who had already encountered explorers dressed in white from a land “across from their own.

Another tribe was reported to have spoken in a language that sounded like Irish, which the Vikings knew and recognised.

Happy Valentine’s Day Mrs. Octopus

Octopi not only have three hearts, but also show complex courting behaviour. Work done by the University of California on Indonesian octopi found that male octopi pick out specific female partners and then guard their den for several days, strangling rivals if they get too close.

While mating can take place several times a day, the bad news is that the mother has to remain in her den to keep the eggs clean and oxygenated by blowing water over them. This means she cannot forage for food and dies after about a month when the eggs hatch.

For more FunFacts check out: www.spindriftpress.com/childrens-books

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