Inner City Gazette

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Grade R -11 Metropolitan College 170 Pritchard Street Tel – 011 402 9502

Est 2009 Issue 48 - 2020

Tel : 011 402 - 1977 Inner-City Gazette

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10 - 17 December 2020

Website : www.inner-city-gazette.com

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Inner City Gazette

Expert details Covid-19 vaccine options “There is a vaccine that is a single dose and that is a big advantage for us, rather than having to get two doses. If we choose one that is two doses, that will double the cost because we have to buy twice as many vaccines.”

Professor Salim Abdool Karim

Johannesburg - The Covid-19 vaccine could be available in South Africa by mid-2021, but will need to meet South Africa’s unique requirements, according to Professor Salim Abdool Karim, chairperson of the Ministerial Advisory Committee on Covid-19. Karim, who has played a prominent role in response to the pandemic, said rushing to obtain the first available option may not be in the country’s best interests, despite pressures imposed by the pandemic. In recent months, great strides have been made towards developing Covid -19 vaccines. South Africa is currently hosting clinical vaccine trials by Johnson & Johnson alongside a partnership between AstraZeneca Plc and the University of Oxford. Government has also committed R500 million towards the global COVAX programme, aimed at providing developing nations with affordable access to vaccines when they become available.

President Cyril Ramaphosa recently reiterated South Africa’s commitment to the COVAX initiative. “We are participating in the World Health Organisation’s Covid-19 Global Vaccine Access Facility, the COVAX facility, which aims to pool resources and share vaccine development risk, thus ensure equitable access to vaccines when they become available. We are encouraged that the Solidarity Fund will make the initial contribution of R327 million towards this vaccine procurement on behalf of our country,” Ramaphosa said. Professor Karim said in addition to the cost-effectiveness of the COVAX programme, government needs to take careful look at all available options and resist the urge to rush. “We have to make a careful decision on which vaccine is appropriate and best suited to South Africa. We have four vaccines of which results have become available. There are eight more where the results

will come out in the next several weeks, among these are some excellent candidates,” Karim said. Frontrunners in the vaccines race include Pfizer and BioNTech, Moderna, University of Oxford and AstraZeneca, and Johnson & Johnson. Karim noted the main criteria that need to be met for the vaccine’s South African application. “There is a vaccine that is a single dose and that is a big advantage for us, rather than having to get two doses. If you have a single dose, you need half the medical care infrastructure. If we choose one that is two doses, that will double the cost because we have to buy twice as many vaccines,” he said. South Africa has used proteinbased subunit vaccines and already has infrastructure to roll-out appropriate Covid-19 treatments. A vaccine, midway through its clinical trial, developed by GlaxoSmithKline is one such treatment. “We need vaccines that use platforms of technology we are familiar

with. We have our existing vaccine infrastructure that uses those same platforms, for example, the protein subunit,” Karim said. The cost-factor, beyond the expensive two-dose option, remains a major concern for all developing nations, including South Africa. Karim said this is why partnering with COVAX is the best option. “We are not going to be buying a vaccine, for example, Moderna, which sells for R531 a dose. Instead, we will get the first doses of vaccines through COVAX and that will be sometime near the middle of next year,” said Karim. He added that choosing must be based on safety and efficacy. “There are three characteristics we need to weigh up; cost, ease of administration and storage, and the number of doses. It doesn’t help that people who are not familiar with the complexities of the vaccine selection process, think we want a vaccine now. That’s not going to happen,” Karim said.


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