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Crown Point High School @InklingsCPHS February 27, 2018 Vol. 82 Issue 6
Read about the boys’ basketball team’s preparation for sectionals on page 12
“Seeing Double”: Sets of multiples share sibling insight page 10
The Vape Debate
ILLUSTRATION BY DOMINIC THEPHASDIN
Increased e-cigarette usage among adolescents can create early nicotine addiction BY ANDREA JOHN TABITHA BEISHUIZEN co-editor-in-chief assistant editor
Inhale, exhale. It is no longer uncommon to spot devices ranging in resemblance from flash drives to canisters in place of cigarettes. Juuls, vapes, vaporizers and hookah pens are among some of the different forms of e-cigarettes. What may appear to be harmless devices can actually contain addictive chemicals inside the juice-like substances, such as nicotine. Nicotine levels are only the first concern when it comes to e-cigarette usage, according to Thomas Pawlowski, D.O. “Nicotine travels through the blood working on neurotransmitters in the brain and also as a stimulant,” Pawlowski said. “Nicotine is a very addictive drug and has been found to be much more addictive to adolescent minds. Once addicted, a person may be unable to live their life without the addition of nicotine daily. We do know that if teens vape they are much more likely to move to cigarettes.”
Nicotine ultimately stops the breakdown of dopamine in the brain, which leads to an overabundance of dopamine and triggers happy emotions. Similar to Pawlowski, psychology teacher Rebecca Magee recognizes the addictiveness of nicotine. “The problem with nicotine is once you start smoking it, you need to constantly expose yourself to it to feel normal,” Magee said. “Not even to feel happy anymore, to just feel normal which is the case in a lot of addictions, especially with stimulants. Where just to have a normal day, your dopamine receptors get used to that nicotine level. So then you start having withdrawal symptoms if you take that nicotine away from your body.” The brain receptors become accustomed to the level of dopamine it was receiving and being to demand more. This is where it can be dangerous among adolescents, Magee said. “For kids under age 20, your brain is still developing and growing. Your prefrontal cortex is pruning itself,” Magee said. “It’s getting rid of those neuroconnections its not using anymore and its solidi-
fying the ones you are consistently using, making your brain more efficient. So when you throw a chemical in there that’s addictive, like nicotine, it’s going to go onto those receptors and multiply the receptors.” Magee said from a school prospective it can be difficult to determine if a student has nicotine or THC in their vape juice, which are illegal substances for school. To senior Mike Psimos, he views vaping as an unnecessary economic cost in addition to being a health risk. “I actually think vaping is worse than smoking cigarettes because people think that it’s more acceptable, but really its consequences can be just as harsh,” Psimos said. “An obvious consequence is addiction, and not only is that a health problem, but it’s also a huge economic cost. It’s a lot of money to keep up with a worthless habit, and at the same time your health is rapidly degrading.” Likewise, senior Hannah Walley said she could not understand the prevalence of vaping amongst teenagers. “I feel that vaping is overhyped.
I think that kids don’t understand that there’s nicotine in it and it is addictive,” Walley said. “Chemicals can cause problems and students think just because they’re not smoking cigarettes that they will be fine, but they’re wrong. Vaping is a lesser form of smoking cigarettes and it’s better for you than smoking cigarettes, but it’s still bad for you.” The FDA announced through a press conference on July 28, 2017 a plan that “places nicotine, and the issue of addiction at the center of the agency’s tobacco regulation efforts”. There are very few studies regarding e-cigarette usage, which makes it difficult to determine how safe or unsafe it is according to Pawlowski. “Studies have just started coming out regarding vaping. What we know is that vaping is safer than smoking. The amount of carcinogens (cancer causing agents) are decreased. But they are still present,” Pawlowski said. “Regarding the long term effects on the lungs, we don’t know. But short term use is much better for the lungs with the elimination of the smoke and other carcinogens.” see vaping on page 3
VAPE IN VIEW
2 million middle and high school students were current users of e-cigarettes in 2016. E-cigarette use rose from
1.5 to 16.0 percent
among high school students from 2011 to 2015.
81 percent
of 2013-2014 youth ecigarette users said the availability of appealing flavors was the primary reason for use.
11 percent of high school students were current users of ecigarettes in 2016 Information provided by: https:// www.fda.gov/TobaccoProducts/ Labeling/ProductsIngredientsComponents/ucm456610.htm#stats