India perspectives september october 2015 tamil

29

n

,uh[];jhdpd; fk;gPukhd kiyf; Nfhl;ilfs;

5

n nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

kjpg;gha;T

Kd;Ndw;wk;

ciuahly;

gpnua;ypapy; Nahfh

Ntfj; jl ,uh[je;jpuk;

fq;fdh udhtj;

fjk;gk; ,e;jpah KOtJk; elf;fTs;s epfo;Tfs; uhk;efH uhk;yPyh

,uhkhazk; vd;Dk; ,e;Jg; ngUq;fhg;gpak; KOtijAk; ehlfkhf ebj;Jf; fhl;Lk; ,J ,e;J tof;fk; kw;Wk; ePjpnewpfis cs;slf;FfpwJ. ,J ,lk;ngWk; Nkilapy; ,yj;jpudpay; tpsf;Ffs;> xypngUf;fpfs; kw;Wk; ikf;Nuh/ Nghd;fs; Kjypa vjd; ghtidAk; ,y;yhjpUg;gJ ,e;j epfo;r;rpf;F capHf;fisia mspf;fpwJ. vg;NghJ: nrg;uk;gH 27 – xf;NuhgH 27 vq;Nf: uhk;efH> thuzhrp> cj;jug; gpuNjrk; ,uh[];jhd; rHtNjr ehl;Lg;Gw tpoh (RIFF)

rpk;nghdp xypfs;

,e;j tUlk;> ,e;jpa rpk;nghdp ,irf;FOTf;F Gfo;ngw;w Rtp]; ,irf;FO ,af;Fduhd rhHs]; Jl;nlha;l; jiyik Vw;ghH. ,jd; Kf;fpa mk;rkhf> jNgyh tpj;Jthd; ]hfpH `{i] d; vOjp> toq;Fk; jNgyh kw;Wk; ,irf;FOtpd; xU Gjpa fr;Nrupapd; cyf muq;Nfw;wk; mikAk;. vg;NghJ: nrg;uk;gH 25 –xf;NuhgH 2 vq;Nf: Kk;ig> k`huh];l;uh

RIFF

2015 MdJ nk`;uq;fhH Nfhl;ilapd; gpd;dzpapy; nfhz;lhlg;glTs;sJ. ,e;j tUlk;> ,J [h]; ,ir epfo;r;rp> ehNlhb kw;Wk; ehl;Lg;Gw ,ir> ghuk;gupa eld tbtq;fs; kw;Wk; mjpfhiy ,uhfq;fs; Kjypa epfo;Tfspd; xU $l;lhfj; jug;glTs;sJ. vg;NghJ: xf;NuhgH 23 -27 vq;Nf: nk`;uq;fhH Nfhl;il> N[hj;g+H> ,uh[];jhd;

M\;t g+[d;

,e;jj; jpUtpohTf;F rpw;wp gy]pYs;s cja;g+H ,uh[ FLk;gj;jpdH kupahij nrYj;Jfpd;wdH. ,J xU NghHtPuUf;Fk; Fjpiuf;Fk; ,ilapYs;s cwit Nkd;ikg;gLj;JfpwJ. mur FjpiufSf;F jw;Nghija mur FLk;gj; jiytH msTfle;j kupahij nrYj;JfpwhH. ,e;j epfo;tpy; gupkhwg;gLk; ,uh[];jhdp rikaiyj; jtwNt tplf; $lhJ. vg;NghJ: xf;NuhgH 22 vq;Nf: cja;g+H> ,uh[];jhd; jpf;Nr F];NjhH

jpf;Nr JwtpaH klj;jpy; elf;Fk; ,e;jj; jpUtpoh xd;gjhk; jpNgj;jpa khjj;jpy; nfhz;lhlg;gLfpwJ. RkhH 500 tUlq;fSf;F Kd;dH Nyapy; epHkhzpf;fg;gl;l ,e;j jpf;Nr JwtpaH klk; ed;F guhkupf;fg;gLfpwJ. ,e;jj; jpUtpohtpy; ,lk;ngWk; Kf%b eldq;fs; mjpf <Hg;Gs;sitahff; fUjg;gLfpd;wd. vg;NghJ: xf;NuhgH 30 -31 vq;Nf: Ny> ylhf;> [k;K fh\;kPH

,e;jpa-Mgpupf;f kd;w cr;rpkhehL (IAFS) 2015 IAFS

vd;gJ ,e;jpahTf;Fk; Mgpupf;fhTf;Fk; ,ilapyhd neUq;fpa $l;Ltpahghuj;jpd; nfhz;lhl;lkhFk;. ,J ,U ehLfSk; ,Jtiu gfpHe;j tuyhW kw;Wk; vjpHfhy ek;gpf;iffspd; xU mq;fPfupg;ghFk;. vg;NghJ: xf;NuhgH 26 - 29 vq;Nf: GJby;yp

Kd;Diu c/gh cr;rpkhehl;by; \q;fha; $l;LwT epWtdj;jpd; xU KO cWg;gpduhf ,e;jpahitr; NrHj;Jf;nfhz;lik xU iky;fy;yhf mike;jJ> mJ ,e;jpahtpd; ePl;bf;fg;gl;l mz;il ehLfSldhd cwTfis mjpfupg;gjpy; xU Cf;fj;ij toq;fTs;sJ. gpupf;]; kw;Wk; SCO cr;rp khehLfSf;fhf u\;ahTf;F> Ie;J kj;jpa Mrpa ehLfSf;Fk; ,e;jpag; gpujkH jpU eNue;jpu Nkhbapd; tp[ak; me;j cj;jp uPjpahf mike;Js;s kw;Wk; tsk; nfhopf;Fk; gpuNjrj;Jld; ,e;jpahTf;Fs;s gyjug;gl;l cwTfspd; ePbf;Fk; epiykhw;wj;jpw;F Nkilia mikj;Jf; nfhLj;Js;sJ. Gjpa mgptpUj;jp tq;fpia (NDB) mikg;gJ vd;gJ gpupf;]pd; gupzhkj;jpy; xU iky;fy;yhFk;. ,J Nkw;FyFf;Nf ngUkstpy; rhjfkhfj; njhlHfpd;w cyf tupiria jpUk;gf; fl;likf;Fk; xU Kf;fpa fUtpahf ,jw;F xU kupahijiag; nghwpf;fpwJ. ,e;jpahTf;Fk; N[hHjhDf;Fk; ,ilapyhd fly; uPjpahd cwTf;F cWJizaspg;gjw;Fk;> fly; Nghf;Ftuj;jpd; nrayhw;wy; J}z;lg;gl;l tsHr;rpia mjpfupf;fTk;> ,U ehLfSk; tpiutpy; xU cld;gbf;ifapy; ifr;rhj;jplTs;sd. a+d; 21 md;W KjyhtJ rHtNjr Nahfh ehs; cyfstpy; xU ntw;wpfukhd epfo;thf mike;jJ. ];dhg;n\hl;fs; gpuptpy;> cyfk; KOtJk; ,e;j tuyhw;W Kf;fpaj;Jt ehsd;W vLf;fg;gl;l glq;fis cq;fSf;F toq;FfpNwhk;. Ma;Tg; gazk; vd;w gpupthdJ And];Nfhthy; cyf ghuk;gupaj; jyq;fshfg; gpufldg;gLj;jg;gl;l uh[];jhdpd; MW kiyf; Nfhl;ilfSf;fhd gpuahzj;jpw;F cq;fisf; $l;br; nry;fpwJ. vq;fSila ghuk;gupak; kw;Wk; tuyhw;W Kf;fpaj;Jt fUg;nghUisj; njhlHe;J ehq;fs; toq;fp tUifapy;> ,d;ndhU cyf ghuk;gupaj; jykhd gpk;ngw;fhtpd; ghiw thoplq;fspd; rpf;fyhd nrJf;fy;fisf; gyUk; mwpaf; fhl;LfpNwhk;.

Fr; vk;g;nuha;lupapd; njspthd rpj;jupg;G vd;gJ tpj;jpahrkhd FbkuGf; FOf;fs; kw;Wk; gpuNjrq;fspd; xU tpisT MFk;. ehq;fs; ntt;NtW tiffspYs;s fiyNtiyfisAk;> gpufhrkhd epw ,iofspd; Ez;zpa Ntiyg;ghl;Lld; fz;zhrpfisAk; ,iog;gJ gw;wp fiy vd;w gpuptpy; Muha;fpNwhk;. rikay; gf;fq;fs; vg;NghJk; Nghy> caHFbfSf;Fk; rup FbahdtHfSf;Fk; rup ,e;jpahtpd; nrsfupakhd czTj;jl;il tbtikj;j Ritahd rikay; gpuahzj;jpw;F mioj;Jr; nry;fpd;wd. ,e;jpa tpkhdg; gilapd; kpfg; gioikahd ,y.1 ];Fthl;udpd; tuyhw;Wg; gpuahzj;jpd; jlj;ij Muha;fpNwhk;> ,J ,g;NghJk; $l NrhHNt ,y;yhky; caH nrayhw;wj;jF juepiyapy; njhopy;uPjpahd gapw;rpiaj; njhlHe;J toq;fpf; nfhz;bUf;fpwJ vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ. vq;fSila ciuahly; gf;fq;fisAk; thrpf;fj; jtwhjPHfs;> mjpy; Njrpa tpUijg; ngw;Ws;s ebif fq;fdh udhtj; ,Jtiu jhd; fle;Jte;j ghijiaAk;> ,dp vjpHfhyj;jpYk; Rthu];akhd kw;Wk; mrhjhuz Ntiyj;jpl;lq;fspy; gq;Fgw;w cs;sijAk; gw;wpg; gfpHe;J nfhs;fpwhH 29

n

5n

nrg;u

k;gH–

xf;Nuh

gH 20

15

tpfh]; ];thug;

,uh[ ] kiy ;jhdpd; fk f; Nf hl;ilf ;gPukhd s;

kjpg;g

; gpnua haT y ; papy ; Nahf h

KdN ;

Ntfj dw;wk; ; jl ,uh[ jej ; puk;

nrg;uk;gH–xf;NuhgH 2015

n

3

n

ci

uahl fqf ; dh y; udht j;

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

,e;jpa juprdk;

29 n ntspaPL 5 n nrg;uk;gH–xf;NuhgH; 2015

MrpupaH: tpfh]; ];thug; cjtp MrpupaH: epfpNy\; bf;\pj; ntsptptfhu mikr;R miw ,y. 152> ~V| gpupT> rh];jpup gtd;> GJby;yp- 110001, ,e;jpah njh.: 91.11.23388949> 23381719 njhiyefy;.: 91.11.23384663 ,izak;: http://www.indiandiplomacy.in fUj;J my;yJ Nfs;tpfspw;F: osdpd2@mea.gov.in

khf;];NghrH kPbah F&g; ,e;jpah gpiuNtl; ypkpw;nwl; gpuRupg;gtH kw;Wk; jiyik eltbf;if mjpfhup: tpfh]; N[h`up jiyik epHthfp kw;Wk; epHthfg; gzpg;ghsH: gpufh\; N[h`up epiwNtw;W MrpupaH: nrsug; jq;fh jiyik mYtyfk; khf;n]f;]N ; ghrH kPbah F&g; ,e;jpah gpiuNtl; ypkpw;nwl; gpupT ,y. [p-0-V> fPoj ; ; jsk;> MIRA NfhHg;gNul; #l;]>; pGnshl; ,y. 1&2> ,\;thH efH> kJuh rhiy> GJby;yp – 110065, ,e;jpah njh: +91.11.43011111 > njhiyefy;: +91.11.43011199

CIN No: U22229DL2006PTC152087 fUj;J my;yJ Nfs;tpfspw;F:

indiaperspectives@maxposure.in Nfs;tpfspw;F | MMGIPL njh: +91.11.43011111 njhiyefy;: +91.11.43011199 www.maxposure.in

,e;jpa juprdk; mNugpak;> g`rh> ,e;NjhNdrpak;> Mq;fpyk;> gpnud;Q>; N[Hkd;> ,e;jp> ,j;jhypak;>; gh\;Njh> ghurPfk;> NghHj;Jf;Nfak;> u\pak;> rpq;fsk;> ];ghdp\;> jkpo;> rPdk;> ag;ghdpak; Mfpa nkhopfspy; gpuRupf;fg;gLfpwJ. ,e;jpa juprdk; MdJ miw ,y. 152> ~V| gpupT> rh];jpup gtH> GJby;yp – 110001 vd;w tpyhrj;jps;s ntsptptfhu mikr;rpd; (MEA) $l;Lr; nrayhsUk;> cj;jpNahfg+Htg; Ngr;rhsUkhd tpfh]; ];thug;ghy; gpuRupf;fg;gLfpwJ> NkYk; MEA-,d; rhHghf> myF ,y. G-O-A (jiuj; jsk;)> kpuh NfhHg;gNuw; #l;]>; kid ,y. 1&2, ,\;thH efH> kJuh rhiy> GJby;yp – 110065 vd;w tpyhrj;jpYs;s khf;]N ; gh\H kPbah F&g; ,e;jpah gpiuNtw; ypkpw;nwl; (MMGIPL) epWtdj;jhy; gpuRupf;fg;gLfpwJ. ,e;jpa juprdk; xU tUlj;jpy; MW jlitfs; ntspaplg;gLfpwJ. midj;J cupikfSk; ghJfhf;fg;gl;lit. ,jpYs;s vOj;jhf;fk;> glNtiy kw;Wk;/ my;yJ Gifg;glj;ij ‘,e;jpa juprdj;jpw;F” ed;wp njuptpj;J cgNahfpf;fyhk; my;yJ kW mr;rplyhk;. ,.nt.m kw;Wk; MMGIPL Mfpait kdkhuf; nfhLf;fg;gl;l nghUl;fs;> ifnaOj;Jg; gpujpfs;> Gifg;glq;fs;> glNtiy> xspa+LUT glq;fs; my;yJ kw;iwa nghUl;fspd; ,og;gpw;F nghWg;ig Vw;Wf;nfhs;s khl;lh. ,r;rQ;rpifapy; ntspg;gLj;jg;gLk; fUj;Jfs; ,.nt.m my;yJ MMGIPL ,d; fUj;Jf;fshf ,Uf;f Ntz;ba mtrpakpy;iy.

vq;fisg; gpd;gw;Wq;fs;: http://www.facebook.com/MEA http://www.twitter.com/MEA http://www.youtube.com/MEA ,e;jpa juprdj;jpd; gpujpnahd;iwg; ngWtjw;F mUfhikapYs;s ,e;jpa ,uhaje;jpu J}jufj;ijj; njhlHGnfhs;sTk;.

66

nghUslf;fk; 54

06

32

$l;Ltpahghuk;; gpupf;]; gpizg;G: tsHe;JtUk; cyf tupirf;fhd Cf;fp............................................06

];dhg;n~hl;fs; Nahfh cyfj; juj;ij ,izf;fpwJ................................................................ 43

$l;Ltpahghuk;; kj;jpa MrpahTld; ,e;jpa jpUk;g ,izfpwJ.................................................................... 12

kjpg;gha;T gpnua;ypapy; Nahfh topfhl;b.; ....................................51

$l;Ltpahghuk;; Gjpa cwTfis cUthf;Fjy;.......................... 17 $l;Ltpahghuk; ,e;jpah-N[hHjhd; fly; rk;ge;jg;gl;l cwTfs.................................................20 ghuk;gupak;; me;j ke;jpu[hy xd;gJ ahHfs;........................ 24 ghuk;gupak;; ePyfpup kiyahl;bd; Njrj;jpy;............................ 26 ghuk;gupak; ths; kw;Wk; <l;bf; fiy....................................... 29 ghuk;gupak; ghiw Xtpaj;jpy; tuyhW...................................... 32

tpkHrdk; ,e;jpag; JUg;Gfs; kw;Wk; cyfg; NghH;......... 52 rikaw;fiy nfhz;lhl;l fhyk;..................................................... 53 rikaw;fiy rhjhuz czTfspd; tpaj;jF fijfs;;..................................................... 54 Ma;Tg; gazk;; uh[Gjhd ghuk;gupaj;jpd; jiyrpwe;j gilg;Gfs;..................................................................... 60 Ma;Tg; gazk; ftdp;> jahuhF> Gwg;gL.......................................... 66 ntw;wp xU fhyj;jpy; xU Gyp> vg;NghJNk xU Gyp.................................................. 72

Kd;Ndw;wk;; mjidj; njspe;jwpjy;> tiufiy top.......... 36

fiy ,g;Nghija ghzpapy; Gilg;GUtr; rpj;jpu Ntiyg;ghLs;s............................................ 82

Kd;Ndw;wk;; Kd;Ndwpr; nry;Yk; ,e;jpa ,uh[je;jpuk;...... 40

ciuahly;; cz;ikahd uhzp.................................................... 88

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

n

5

n

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

$l;Ltpahghuk;

gpupf;]; gpizg;G: tsHe;JtUk;

cyf tupirf;fhd Cf;fp mw;Gjkhd cuy; kiyfspy; xa;ahukhf mkHe;jpUf;Fk; u\;a ifj;njhopw;Jiw efukhd c/ghtpy;> a+iy 9-Mk; jpfjp Ie;J tsHe;JtUk; mjpfhu ehLfslq;fpa gpupf;]; kd;wk; jkJ jiliaj; jfHf;Fk; Muk;gg; gbahd Gjpa mgptpUj;jp tq;fpiaj; jpwe;J itj;jjhy;> cyfshtpa epjp uPjpahd tupir Kw;wpYk; kWtbtk; ngw;wJ ciu | kdp\; re;j;

,e;jpa juprdk;

n

6

n

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

nfhd;upd;n[d;rp upNrHt; mNuQ;nkd;w; (CRA) cld; NrHj;J NDB-I cUthf;FtJ vd;gJ cl;fl;likg;ig mikf;Fk; MtypYs;s xU tpNrl jUzkhf ,Ue;jJ. c/gh mgptpUj;jpaile;J tUk; ehLfSf;F khehl;by; ciuahw;Wifapy;> gpujkH jpU fldspf;Fk; vd vjpHghHf;fg;gLk; Gjpa eNue;jpu Nkhb> ,jd; vjpHfhyj;ijg; gw;wpf; mgptpUj;jp tq;fpia (NDB) 2016 Vg;uYf;F $Wk;NghJ ,jd; cr;r ek;gpf;ifAzHT Kd;dH mikg;gJ vd;gJ gpupf;]pd; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lnkd Ntz;bf;nfhz;lhH. gupzhkj;jpy; xU iky;fy;yhFk;. ,J “murpay;> ghJfhg;G rk;ge;jkhd kw;Wk; cyf tupiria jpUk;gf; fl;likf;Fk; nghUshjhur; rthy;fs; epiwe;j xU Kf;fpa fUtpahf ,jw;F ,e;j cyFf;fhd xU Kf;fpa xU kupahijiag; nghwpf;fpwJ. ek;gpf;ifj; J}zhf gpupf;]; c/gh cr;rpkhehl;by; gpupf;] ,e;jpahitg; nraw;gLfpwJ. Vnddpy; gpupf;]; pd; rhjidastpy; Vw;gl;Ls;s nghWj;jtiu> ntWk; gpupf;]; ehLfSf;fhf mjpfupg;Gf;F Kf;fpaj;Jtk; CRA cld; kl;Lk; ghLglhky;> KO nfhLf;fg;gl;lJ> ,Nj cyfj;jpw;Fkhf> Fwpg;ghf NrHj;J NDB gpupf;]; $l;likg;ig xU mgptpUj;jpaile;J tUk; fhyj;jpy; ~fpupg;]|; vd vs;sp ,d; cUthf;fk; ehLfSf;fhfTk; ghLgLfpwJ” eifahbdH> Vndd;why; ,J vd;gJ rpwg;Gj; vd;whH mtH. xOq;FgLj;jg;gl;l jilapd; jUzkhf Muk;g %yjdkhf 50 xU tifahf> cyf Ml;rp gpy;ypad; mnkupf;f nlhyHfSld; mike;jJ KiwapypUe;J NeHikapd;ikf;F njhlq;Fk; ,e;j NDBvjpuhff; Fw;wQ;rhl;bagb MdJ Mrpa cl;fl;likg;G Muk;gpj;jJ> Mdhy; ,g;NghJ ,J kw;Wk; KjyPlL ; tq;fp (AIIB) Nghd;w Kf;fpa cyfg; gpur;ridfspy; Nkw;Fyfjw;NghJs;s kw;Wk; ,dp tuTs;s epjpg; Mjpf;fNk ,Uf;fpwJ vd;w rHr;irf;fhd nghwpKiwfSld; xj;Jiof;Fk;. 100 xU khw;Wj; jPHtpd; %ykhfTk; cyfshtpa gpy;ypad; mnkupf;f nlhyHfSld; CRA njd;gFjpapd; kWvOr;rpf;fhd Cf;fpahfTk; mKYf;F tuTs;s ,e;Neuj;jpy;> ,w;Fs; cUkhw;wk; ngw;Ws;sJ. eltbf;iffspd; njhopy;El;g msTUf;fis ,e;jpahitg; nghWj;jtiuapy;> ,jw;fhd mikf;fpd;w gpupf;]-; ,d;uH nrd;uy; Nahrid 2012-,y; by;ypapy; ele;j gpupf;]; tq;fpapd; ifnahg;gj;ij cWg;gpdHfs; khehl;bNyNa Kisj;jJ vd;gjhy;

gpupf;]py; tq;fpapay;

c/ght;y; ele;j gpupf;]; cr;rpkhehl;bd; KOikahd mkHtpy; cWg;gpdH ehLfs;

nrg;uk;gH–xf;NuhgH 2015

n

7

n

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

$l;Ltpahghuk;

tuNtw;Ws;sdH. CRA MdJ cyfshtpa ghJfhg;G tiyia toq;Fk; mNjNtis> gu];gu epjp Mjuit toq;fTk; jdJ cWg;gpdHfis mDkjpf;fpwJ.

nghUshjhu ,izg;G nghUshjhuf; $l;L tpahghuj;jpw;fhd gpupf;]; cj;jpapy; ifnahg;gkpl;Ls;sik ,e;jpahTf;F ,d;ndhU Kf;fpa ntw;wpahFk;> ,J Ie;J tsHe;JtUk; nghUshjhu ehLfSf;fpilap tzpf kw;Wk; KjyPli ; l KLf;fp tpLfpwJ. ,jw;Fg; nghUj;jkhf 7tJ gpupf;]; khehl;bd; fUg;nghUs; ‘gpupf;]; $l;L tpahghuk; cyf mgptpUj;jpapd; rf;jptha;ej ; fhuzp” vd;gjhf mike;jJ. gpupf;]; vf;]N ; ghHl; fpnubl; Vn[d;]pfSf;F (ECAfs;) ,ilapy; mjpfupj;j Ngr;RthHj;ij kw;Wk; $l;LwTf;fhd xU Nkilia mikj;jy; MdJ tsUk; ehLfSf;F ,ilapy; nghUshjhug; gpizg;Gfis Nkk;gLj;jp> mtw;iw cyfg; nghUshjhu tsHr;rpapd; vjpHfhy ikakhf epiyg;gLj;JfpwJ. gpujkH eNue;jpu Nkhb> nghUshjhu muq;fpy; gpupf;]pd; ntw;wpiaf; Fwpg;gpl;Lf; fhl;bdhH. ‘nghUshjhug; Gyj;jpy; gpupf;]pd; ntw;wpia ehq;fs; fl;lhakhf Vw;Wf;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. mtw;wpd; ntw;wpapy;> Gjpa mgptpUj;jp tq;fp> nfhd;upd;n[d;rp upNrHt; /gz;l>; vf;]N ; ghHl; fpnubl; ,d;#ud;]>; Gj;jhf;fj;jpw;fhd epjpAjtp kw;Wk; Rq;ftupfs; $l;LwT kw;Wk; up,d;#ud;]; g+y; Mfpatw;Wf;fhd Gjpa Kd;nkhopTfs; Kjypait mlq;Ffpd;wd” vd;whH mtH. NkYk; Nkhb> gpupf;]; nghUshjhuf; $l;LwT cj;jp vd;gJ gpupf;]pd; mgptpUj;jpapy; xU iky;fy; vd;whH. MtH gpupf;]; ehLfSf;F ,ilapy; nghUshjhuf; $l;LwTfis Mog;gLj;Jk; Kd;nkhopTfisAk; $l ntspg;gLj;jpdhH> ,tw;wpy; tUlhe;jk; gpupf;]; tzpfr; re;ij elhj;JtJ> gpupf;]; nuapy;Nt Muha;rr ; p ikak; kw;Wk; gpupf;]; tptrha Muha;rr ; p ikak; Mfpatw;iw mikj;jy;> cr;rj; jzpf;if epWtdq;fSf;F ,ilapyhd $l;LwT Kjypait mlq;fpd. ICT $l;Lwtpy; xU gpupf;]; nraw;ghl;Lf; FOit mikf;Fk; KbT> gpupf;]; ehLfSf;F cs;Ss;s nghUshjhug; gpizg;Gfis epiykhw;Wtjw;fhd xU gilgyg; ngUf;fpahfr; nraw;gLtjhfj;

,e;jpa juprdk;

n

8

n

nrg;uk;gH–xf;NuhgH 2015

cr;rp: c/ghtpy; u\;a $l;lurpd; [dhjpgjp jpU tpshbkpH Gl;bDldhd ,Ujug;Gr; re;jpg;gpy; jpU Nkhb@ NkNy: gpupf;]; cWg;gpdHfs; kw;Wk; miof;fg;gl;l gpw jiytHfspd; FO epow;glk;

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

n

9

n

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

$l;Ltpahghuk;

njupfpwJ. gpupf;]; Kd;Kaw;rpahdJ> ~I.up ghtid %yk; nghJr; Nritfspd; xl;Lnkhj;j #oy; njhFjpiaAk; epiykhw;w” vz;Zk; b[pw;wy; ,e;jpah jpl;lj;jpw;F cjtyhk;

ghJfhg;G kw;Wk; tpa+fk; <uhd;> <uhf; kw;Wk; rpupah njhlf;fk; nghUshjhuf; fsk; jtpu> flw; nfhs;is kw;Wk; gaq;futhjj; jLg;G eltbf;iffSf;fhf NghuhLtjpy; mjpfupj;j $l;LwT tiuahd gy;NtW gpuhe;jpa kw;Wk; cyfshtpa gpur;ridfspy; jiyapLk; msTf;F tsHr;rpiag; gpujpgypj;Js;s gpupf;]; $l;L tpahghuj;jpd; tpa+f cs;slf;fj;ij NkYk; tpupthf;fpajd; %yk; c/gh khehL Kf;fpa epfo;thf mike;jJ. ,];yhkpa ];Nuw; Nghd;w xj;Jg;Nghf ,zq;fhj ,];yhkpaf; Nfhl;ghLfshy; J}z;lg;gLk; Gjpa gaq;futhjf; FOf;fspd; ngUf;fg;; gpd;dzpf;F vjpuhf xd;wpize;J NghuhLtjw;F jkJ xj;Jiog;ig gpupf;]; ehLfs; njuptpj;Js;sd kw;Wk; cyf gaq;futhjj; jLg;G Kaw;rpfspd; I.eh-,d; ikaepiyiaAk; Rl;bf;fhl;bd. gaq;futhjj;jpw;F vjpuhd jdJ ePzl ; fhy epiyg;ghl;il ,e;jpah ntspg;gLj;Jfpd;w mNjNtis> c/gh gpufldk; MdJ gaq;futhjj;jpw;F vjpuhd jkJ nghWg;GfSf;Fk; flikf;Fk; Mjutspf;FkhWk;> ,ijj; jPHg;gjpy; ghugl;rj;ijNah murpay; mZFKiwiaNah ifapnyLf;f Ntz;lhk; vd;Wk; midj;J ehLfisAk; rHtNjrr; r%fj;ijAk; mioj;Js;sJ. c/gh khehl;by; Ngrpa jpU Nkhb> ‘ehLfspy; vq;fis ehq;fNs FOthf;Ftjw;Fg; gjpyhf vy;yhUk; xd;W $bg; gzpahw;wpg; Nghuhl Ntz;Lk;> gy;NtW mDruizahsHfSf;Fk; ,yf;F ehLfSf;Fk; ,ilNa ve;jg; ghFghLk; Ntz;lhk;. ,ij ehq;fs; gpupf;]; kd;wj;jpy;> If;fpa ehLfspy; kw;Wk; mjd; ghJfhg;Gr; rigapy; kw;Wk; gy;NtW rigfspy; nra;Jnfhs;syhk;” vd;whH.

kf;fspd; Mw;wy; ngupa nghUshjhu kw;Wk; tpa+fg; gpur;ridfs; jiyaq;fq;fisf; ifg;gw;wpd vd;why; $l> c/gh khehlhdJ ,f;FOitg; Gjpa tpjj;jpy; mikf;f xU tpisahl;L khw;wpahf mikaf; $ba kf;fspd; Mw;wYld; gpupf;]; KjyPL nra;a Ntz;ba Njitia typAWj;jpajw;fhfTk; epidT$ug;gLk;. jpU Nkhbapd; j]; fjk; (10 gbfs;) vd;Wk; $wg;gLk; 10 gb tha;gg ; hl;by;> gpupf;]; ehLfspYs;s fpl;lj;jl;l %d;W gpy;ypad; kf;fSf;F ,ilNa kf;fsplkpUe;J kf;fSf;fhd njhlHGfis mjpfg;gLj;jp> gy;tifg;gLj;Jtjw;fhd Kd;nkhopTk; mlq;fpaJ. kw;wtw;Wld; NrHj;J ,e;j kf;fis ikag;gLj;Jk; Kd;nkhopTfspy;

,e;jpa juprdk;

n

10

n

nrg;uk;gH–xf;NuhgH 2015

gpupf;]; tpisahl;Lr; rig kw;Wk; tUlhe;j tpisahl;Lf; $l;lk;> gpupf;]; jpiug;gl tpoh Kjypatw;iw elj;Jjy;> gpupf;]; khepy my;yJ cs;ehl;L murhq;f kd;wq;fis mikj;jy; kw;Wk; efukakhf;fy; Gyj;jpy; efuq;fSf;F ,ilapyhd $l;LwT Mfpait mlq;fpd.

NkNy: 7tJ gpupf;]; cr;rpkhehl;by; ifnahg;gkpLk; tpohtpy; gpujkH jpU Nkhb kw;Wk; gpw gpupf;]; jiytHfs; fPNo: gpupf;]; tHj;jf khehl;by; ciuahw;WfpwhH jpU Nkhb

I.eh GdHepHkhzq;fs;: cyf MSifia kPzL ; k; njhlf;Fjy;

I.eh-f;F ,Uf;Fk; ikaepiy gw;wp c/ gh jPHkhdk; Fwpg;gpLfpwJ kw;Wk; rHtNjr mikjp kw;Wk; ghJfhg;igg; NgZtjpy;> vy;yhtw;iw cl;nfhs;Sk; c/gh jPHkhdj;jpy; cyf mgptpUj;jpia Kd;Ndw;Wtjpy;> kdpj gpupf;i] mLj;j fl;l mgptpUj;jpf;Ff; nfhz;L nry;Yk; NguhHtKs;s epfo;rr ; pepuYk; RUf;fkhff; cupikfis Nkk;gLj;jpg; ghJfhg;gjpy; rHtNjr r%fj;jpw;F cjt Ntz;ba fl;lhaj;ijf; $wg;gl;lJ. NDB MdJ mikf;fg;gl;L> 2016-,y; nfhz;l xU cyf gy;jug;gl;l epWtdkhd I.ehGJby;ypapy; ,e;j khehL elhj;jg;gLk; Kd;dH f;F gpupf;]; flikg;gl;Ls;sijAk; ,aq;f Muk;gpf;Fk; NghJ> gpupf;] Fwpg;gpLfpwJ. pd; Kf;fpa Ntiyj;jpl;lk; MdJ ,e;j ghuhl;lj;jf;f $Ljyhfg; gq;fspf;Fk; kw;Wk; gpupf;]; fbdkhf Fwpf;Nfhs;fis miltjw;F> I.eh. [dehaf cyf tupirnahd;iw cioj;J> gh.rigia GdH epHkhzk; nra;J> mikf;Fk; nghUl;L> cyfj;ij tpupthf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,t;thW cyf ,d; D k; J}ukhfg; jPtpukhf kPsf ; l;likg;Gr; nra;jiy tupiria kWfl;likg;Gr; nra;Ak; kpr;rkhf itj;jpUf;Fk;. ,e;j gpuahzpj;J> gzpapy; gpupf;]{f;F Kf;fpa gzp cyf tupir Nkw;FyfpypUe;J xd;wpize;j cs;sJ. Nkhbapd; ,e;jr; nra;jpf;F> kPjpg;gFjpf;F mjpfhuk; tpjj;jpy; nraw;gl ve;jtpjf; Fog;gKk; ,y;yhky; ifkhWtijg; gpujpyypf;Fk;.

Ntz;Lk; mtrukhff; ftdk; nrYj;jg;gLk;. ,g;gFjpapy;> gpupf;]; gyiur; ‘If;fpa ehLfs; ghJfhg;Gr; rigapd; NrHj;Jr; nraw;g Ntz;Lk;.

GdH epHkhzj;ij rupahd Neuj;jpy; I.eh ghJfhg;Gr; rigapd; Kbf;Fk; NghJ> nghUshjhu> r%f kw;Wk; GdH epHkhztHfisj; Jupjg;gLj;j Ntz;Lk; murpay; Gynkd;W vjpy; vd;d rthy; te;jhYk;> vd;gJ gw;wp c/gh jPHkhdk; typAWj;Jfpd;w mij Kwpabg;gjpy; ehq;fs; ntw;wpngWNthk;. mNjNtis> I.eh.gh.r-,y; epue;ju mq;fk; ,e;j cyfshtpa epWtdk; 21Mk; E} tfpf;f rl;lg;gbahd Nfhupf;ifia itf;Fk; w;whz;by; ed;ikahf mikAk; vd;why;> ,e;j cWg;gpdH ehLfSf;fhd Mjuit mf;FOtpd; GdH epHkhzq;fis tpiutpy; g+Hj;jpnra;tJ 5P cWg;gpdHfs; ntspg;gilahfj; njuptpf;f mtrpakhFk;”.

Ntz;Lk; vdTk; tpUk;GfpwJ. cyf MSikapd; kdp\; re;j;> rHtNjr tptfhuq;fspYk; ,e;jpa tuyhw;wpYk; ftdk; nrYj;Jk; tiythry; kw;Wk; , -rQ;rpifahd India Writes Network, www.indiawrites.org-,d; gpujk MrpupaH

nrg;uk;gH–xf;NuhgH 2015

n

11

n

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

$l;Ltpahghuk;

\hq;fha; $l;LwT epWtdj;jpd; jiytHfSld; ,e;jpag; gpujkH jpU eNue;jpu Nkhb

kj;jpa MrpahTld; ,e;jpa

jpUk;g ,izfpwJ u\;ahtpy; \q;fha; $l;LwT epWtd (SCO) cr;rpkhehl;Lf;Fk;> Ie;J kj;jpa Mrpa ehLfSf;Fk; jpU eNue;jpu Nkhb Nkw;nfhz;l tp[ak; me;j cj;jp uPjpahf mike;Js;s kw;Wk; tsk; nfhopf;Fk; gpuNjrj;Jld; ,e;jpahTf;Fs;s gyjug;gl;l cwTfspd; ePbf;Fk; epiykhw;wj;jpw;F Nkilia mikj;Jf; nfhLj;Js;sJ ciu | kdp\; re;j;

Mrpahtpd; %d;whtJ ngupa nghUshjhu ehL cyfk; KOJKs;s gpuNjrq;fSld; <Lghl;il mjpfupg;gjhy;> ,e;jpahtpd; tsHe;JtUk; ntspehl;Lf; nfhs;if cUtpd; xU Ez;zpa tifahd Mdhy; njhlHghd Gupfspy; mlf;fg;gl;l xU jdpj;Jtg; gpuahzkhf mJ mike;jJ. Ie;J kj;jpa Mrpa ehLfSf;Fk; Kjd; Kiwahf ,e;jpag; gpujkH xUtuhy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;l tp[aj;jpy; nghypt+l;> ,];yhkpaf; Nfhl;ghL> ftpij kw;Wk; Nahfh Kjypatw;Wld; ,uh[je;jpuk;> tpa+fk; kw;Wk; Gtpapay;-nghUshjhuk; Mfpait NrHe;Jnfhz;ld. ,e;jpag; gpujkk; SCO khehl;by; fye;Jnfhs;Sk; Kd;dH> c];ngfp];jhDf;Fk; f]f];jhDf;Fk; Nkw;nfhz;l ,Ujug;G tp[aq;fSld; jdJ Rw;Wyhitj; njhlq;fpdhH. ,ijaLj;J JHf;nkdp];jhd;> fpHfp];jhd;

,e;jpa juprdk;

n

12

n

nrg;uk;gH–xf;NuhgH 2015

kw;Wk; j[pfp];jhd; ehLfSf;fhd Rw;Wyhf;fs; njhlHe;jd.

SCO khehL c/gh cr;rpkhehl;by; SCO-,d; xU KO cWg;gpduhf ,e;jpahitr; NrHj;Jf;nfhz;lik xU iky;fy;yhf mike;jJ> mJ ,e;jpahtpd; ePlb ; f;fg;gl;l mz;il ehLfSldhd cwTfis mjpfupg;gjpy; xU Cf;fj;ij toq;fTs;sJ. cr;rpkhehl;by; jpU Nkhb mtHfs; toq;fpa ciuapy;> ‘cyfj;jpy; kpfKf;fpa ,af;fg; gpuNjrq;fspy; xd;whf khWtjw;F xUq;fpize;j kw;Wk; cwTs;s ,a+NurpahTf;F xU SCO Nkilahf ,Uf;fyhk;” vd;W njuptpj;J> ,e;j gpuhe;jpa xUq;fpize;j jpl;lj;jpw;F ,e;jpahtpd; MjuT ,Uf;Fk; vd;Wk; $wpdhH. ,a+Nurpa gpuNjrk; KOtJk; ,izg;G epiyia KLf;fp

tpLtjpy; SCO ,d; ,af;fg; gq;ifAk; mtH Mog;gLj;Jjy; kw;Wk; mg;gpuNjrj;Jldhd Fwpg;gpl;Lf; fhl;bdhH. cwTfis ju uPjpahd epiykhw;Wtjw;F “,a+Nurpatpd; tlf;F %iyapypUe;J fyhr;rhu ,uh[je;jpuj;jpy; ftdk; nrYj;Jjy;.

Mrpahtpd; njw;Ff; fiuNahuk; tiuf;Fk; ePSfpd;w ngsjPf kw;Wk; b[pw;wy; c];ngfp];jhd; (a+iy 6-7) ,izg;Gepiyapd; ghupanjhU tiyg;gpd;diy “kj;jpa Mrpahtpd; Ie;J ehLfSf;Fk; ehd; vq;fshy; cUthf;f KbAk;. me;jj; jpirapy; Nkw;nfhs;Sk; tp[ak; Guhjd cwTf;fhd xU cs;s xU gbjhd; rHtNjr Gjpa gpuahzj;jpd; Muk;gk;” tlf;F njw;Fg; Nghf;Ftuj;J vdj; njuptpj;jhH Nkhb. ,iltop.” ,e;j SCO gy;NtW topfspy; njhlUfpd;w cyfj;jpy; khehl;by;> jpU Nkhb mtHfs;> ,U ehLfSf;FkpilapYs;s kpfKf;fpa ,af;fg; gaq;futhjj;ij tpul;Ltjw;F Mo;ej ; fyhr;rhu kw;Wk; Md;kf P gpuNjrq;fspy; mjpfkhd ghJfhg;Gf; $l;LwT ,izg;Gfis mtH Fwpg;gpl;Lf; xd;whf khWtjw;F Njit vd;gJ gw;wpAk; $wpdhH. ‘c];ngfp];jhdpy; Mg;fhdp];jhdpy; ];jpug;gLj;Jjy; ,e;jpapy; thndhyp xypgug;G jdJ ,a+NurpahTf;F xU eltbf;ifapd; SCO -,d; 50 tUlj;ij epiwT nra;Js;sJ> SCO Nkilahf gq;ifg; gw;wpAk; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; ,e;jpaf; fhg;gpaq;fshd ,Uf;fyhk; nfhLj;Jg; NgrpdhH. tpupthfg; ,uhkhazKk; kfhghujKk; ghHj;jhy;> me;j Ie;J ehLfspy; ,q;F xd;Wf;F Nkw;gl;l xt;nthd;Wf;Fkhd jpU Nkhbapd; jlitfs; xspgug;gg;gl;ld. tUif fl;lkpl;Ls;s ehd;F Kf;fpa tplaq;fs; ,J c];ngfp];jhd; cyFf;F vt;tsT ,Ue;jd: nghUshjhug; gpizg;Gfis jpwe;jepiyapy; ,Uf;fpwJ vd;gijAk; mjpfupj;jy;> rf;jpf; $l;L tpahghuj;ij vq;fSila epiyj;j jd;ikapd; xU epjhdkhf Kd;Ndw;W`y;> ghJfhg;Gf; $l;Lwit gpujpgypg;ghfTk; cs;sJ” vd;whH mtH.

,e;jpag; gpujkH jpU eNue;jpu Nkhb c];ngfp];jhDf;F tp[ak; Nkw;nfhz;bUe;j NghJ> c];ngfp];jhdpd; gpujkH jpU \ht;fw; kpH]pNahTld;

nrg;uk;gH–xf;NuhgH 2015

n

13

n

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

$l;Ltpahghuk;

NkNy: ,e;jpag; gpujkH jpU eNue;jpu Nkhb f];f];jhDf;F tp[ak; nra;j NghJ> m];jdhtpy; e]hHgNat; gy;fiyf;fofj;jpy; fPNo: ,e;jpag; gpujkH m];jdhit te;jilifapy; mtiu f]f];jhd; gpujkH jpU fupk; kh];]pNkht; tuNtw;whH

mtHfSila cwTfis Kd;Ndhf;fpf; nfhz;L nrd;W> ,e;jpahTk; c];ngfp];jhDk; ,U ehLfspd; ntspehl;L mYtyfq;fSf;F ,ilapy; cy;yhrg; gazk;> fyhr;rhu kw;Wk; $l;LwT Mfpa gFjpfspy; %d;W cld;gbf;iffspy; ifr;rhj;jpl;ld.

2>000 nkw;wpf; njhd; ANudpaj;ij ,e;jpahTf;F toq;Ftjw;ff cld;gbf;ifapd; mKyhf;fj;ij tpiutpy; gpd;gw;Wk; KbT> gaq;futhj vjpHg;Gf; $l;Lwit mjpfupj;jy; kw;Wk; xU epiyahd kw;Wk; cs;slq;fyhd Mg;fhdp];jhid cHthf;Fjy; Fwpj;j MNyhridfs; Kjypait c];ngfp];jhdpy; jpU Nkhbapd; fye;Jiuahly;fspy; ,lk;ngw;w Kf;fpa fUg;nghUl;fs; MFk;.

ANudpaj;ij toq;Fk; xg;ge;jijg; GJg;gpj;Jf; ifr;rhj;jpl;ld kw;Wk; f]f];jhdpypUe;J ,e;jpahTf;F Foha; topahf vz;nziaAk; vupthAitAk; my;yJ LNG If; nfhz;L nry;tjw;Fk; ,zq;fpd. ,e;j tp[aj;jpd; cr;rf;fl;lk; Nj[; fjk; vd;W jiyg;gpl;l $l;L mwpf;ifapy; gpujpgypj;jJ kw;Wk; ghJfhg;igAk; ,uhZtj; njhopy;El;gf; $l;LwitAk; Nkk;gLj;Jjy; kPjhd xg;ge;jk; cl;gl Ie;J cld;gbf;iffisr; ifr;rhj;jpl;ldH. xU $l;L tpahghu rig mikj;J> FICCI ,w;Fk; f] ,U ehLfSk; f];jhdpd; ntspehl;Lr; Nritr; ,e;jpahTf;F ePzl ; rq;fj;jpw;Fk; ,ilapy; xU tpahghu fhyj; jtizapy; cld;gbf;ifiaf; ifr;rhj;jpLjy; vd;gJ ,U ehLfSf;Fk; ,ilapy; ANudpaj;ij tpahghu ,izg;Gfis mNefkhf toq;Fk; nrayhw;wj; J}z;Lk;. ,U xg;ge;jijf; jug;GfSk; uapy;Nt mgptpUj;jpapy; ifr;rhj;jpl;ld njhopy;El;gf; $l;LwT Fwpj;J xU f]f];jhd; (a+iy 7-8) xg;ge;jj;ijf; ifr;rhj;jpl;lJld;> ,e;jpahTf;F kpd;rhug; cl;fl;likg;G mgptpUj;jp xU ghJfhg;Gf; fpilg;gjpy; f]f];jhDf;Fs;s Kf;fpa ftdKs;s gFjpahf cs;sJ. Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ij typAWj;Jk; tifapy;> jpU Nkhb mtHfs; rw;gNat; Gshf;fpy; KjyhtJ JHf;nkdp];jhd; (a+iy 10-11) vz;nza;f; fpzWf;Fj; JisapLtij Neupy; 2015> nrg;uk;gH 1Mk; jpfjpf;F Kd;dH rq;fj; ghHitapl;lhH> ,e;j vz;nza;f; fpzwpy; jiytiu KbTnra;Ak; jpl;lq;fis ,U ONGC 25 rjtPj gq;if itj;jpUf;fpwJ. ,U jug;GNk ntspg;gLj;jpajhy;> M\;fhghj;jpy;> kpf ehLfSk; ,e;jpahTf;F ePzl ; fhyj; jtizapy; mjpfstpy; tpthjpf;fg;gl;l JHf;nkdp];jhd;

,e;jpa juprdk;

n

14

n

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

,lJ: ,e;jpag; gpujkH jpU eNue;jpu Nkhb JHf;nkdp];jhDf;F tp[ak; nra;j NghJ M\;fhghj;ij milfpwhH@ tyJ: ,e;jpag; gpujk gpn\ f;if te;jilifapy; fpHfp]; Fbaurpd; gpujkH jpU njkpH rupNaTld; kupahij mzptFg;igg; ghHitapLfpwhH

-Mg;fhdp];jhd; -ghfp];jhd; -,e;jpah ifr;rhj;jplg;gl;lik MFk;> ,J gpuhe;jpaj;jpy; (TAPI) Ntiyj;jpl;lk; ntWk; Ngr;rstpy; jPtputhjk; tsHtjw;F vjpuhd xU ,Ue;jjpypUe;J mij cz;ikahf;Fk; epiyia Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ijg; ngWfpwJ. Nehf;fp neUq;fpaJ. vy;yhNk ed;whf efHe;jhy;> 2018 ,w;F Kd;dH TAPI MdJ ,g;gpuNjrj;jpd; fpHfp];jhd; (a+iy 11-12) kpd;rhu capNuhl;lkhf khWk;. gpn\f;fpy; ele;j Kf;fpa TAPI jtpu> ,e;jpahTk; Nahrid vd;dntdpy;> $l;L JHf;nkdp];jhDk; ONGC ,uhZtr; nraw;ghLfisj; TAPI Ntiyj;jpl;lk; tpNj\; ypkpw;nwl;Lld; jPtpug;gLj;Jk;> ,uhZt ntWk; Ngr;rstpy; ePzl ; fhy kpd;rhuf; $l;L MNyhrfHfisAk; ,Ue;jjpypUe;J mij tpahghuj;jpw;fhd khjpupAUit kjpg;gl P l ; hsHfisAk; cWjpnra;jd> ,jdhy; mjd; gupkhWjy;> ,uhZtf; fy;tp cz;ikahf;Fk; mYtyfj;ij JHf;nkdp];jhdpy; kw;Wk; gapw;rp Mfpatw;iw epiyia Nehf;fp jpwe;J itj;jd> NkYk; cs;slf;Fk; ghJfhg;Gf; neUq;fpaJ JHf;nkdp];jhdpypUe;J ePzl ; $l;LwT cld;gbf;ifiaf; fhyj;jpw;F a+upahitg; ngWk; ifr;rhj;jpl;lik MFk;.

Nehf;fpy; JHf;nkdp];jhdpa nghUshjhug; gpizg;Gfisg; ‘JHf;nkd;`pkpah” kw;Wk; ,e;jpa PSU uh];jpupa ngUf;Ftij Nehf;fhff; nfhz;l fpHfp];jhdpd; ,urhadg; nghUl;fs; kw;Wk; cuq;fs; ypkpw;nwr; nghUshjhu mikr;R kw;Wk; ,e;jpaj; Mfpatw;Wf;F ,ilapy; ,U ehLfSk; xU juepiyfs; rq;fk; Mfpait NjHjy; njhlHghd Gupe;JzHT xg;ge;jj;ijf; ifr;rhj;jpl;ld. gpur;ridfspy; xj;Jiog;Gf; Fwpj;j xU mq;F ,lk;ngw;w ,d;ndhU Kf;fpa Nahrid cld;gbf;ifiaf; ifr;rhj;jpl;ld. ,e;j vdntd;why; ghJfhg;Gf; $l;LwT xg;ge;jk; tp[aj;jpd; Kf;fpa epfo;T> gpn\f;fpy;

nrg;uk;gH–xf;NuhgH 2015

n

15

n

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

$l;Ltpahghuk;

jpU eNue;jpu Nkhb mtHfs; J\hd;Ngapd; j[pfp];jhd; mjpgH jpU vNkhkhyp u`;khDld;

,e;jpahTf;Fk; kj;jpa MrpahTf;Fk; ,ilapyhd Kjy; njhiyJ}u kUj;Jt ,izg;ig mq;FuhHg;gzk; nra;jikAk;> mg;gpuhe;jpaj;jpy; Rfhjhu cl;fl;likg;igj; jhq;Ftjw;F ,e;jpahtpd; nghWg;igf; Nfhbl;Lf; fhl;ba fpHfp];-,e;jpah kTd;nua;d; gNahnkbf;fy; Muha;rr ; p ikaj;jpw;fhd tp[aKk; Mfk;.

Nghutpd; jh[pNfhdpd; ,e;jpg; gjpg;G ntspaPlL ; epfo;tpYk; fyhr;rhu ,uh[je;jpuj;jpd; KO Xl;lk; njupe;jJ.

jilia caHj;Jjy;: tiuaiwapy;yh rhj;jpaf;$Wfs;

gue;jstpy; ghHj;Njhk; vd;why;> jpU Nkhbapd; Ie;J kj;jpa ,U jug;gpdUNk Mrpa ehLfSf;Fkhd tp[ak; j[pfp];jhd; (a+iy 12-13) MdJ ,e;jpahTf;Fk; tsk; tptrhaj;jpy;; J\hd;Ngapy; ,e;jpahtpd; kj;jpa epiwe;j fz;Zf;fpdpa me;jg; mjpfupf;Fk; Mrpaf; nfhs;ifapd; gy;NtW gpuhe;jpaj;jpw;Fk; ,ilapYs;s $l;LwTf;fhd gpupTfSk; kPzL ; k; xd;WNrHe;J> gy;NtW njhlHGfSf;Fk; fl;likg;ig Rw;WyhTf;fhd Kbit mikj;jd. tYt+l;bAs;sJ. me;j j[pfpr;jhdpy; 37 ghlrhiyfspy; NkilahdJ ,e;jpahtpd; cWjp nra;jdH fzpdp Ma;T$lq;fis kj;jpa Mrpahit ,iz mikf;f gpujkH eNue;jpu Nkhb vd;w nfhs;iff;F xU Gjpa cjtpaspj;jjhy;> gapw;rp kw;Wk; jpwd; xd;wpapUf;Fk; jpwidAk; Xq;fpa FuiyAk; tpUj;jpapy; ,e;jpahtpw;Fs;s Kf;fpa typikfs; mspg;gjw;fhf mikf;fg;gl;bUe;jJ. J\ ftdj;jpw;F te;jd. hd;Ngapd; jdJ filrp ciuapy; jpU Nkhb ,U jug;gpdUNk tptrhaj;jpy;; mjpfupf;Fk; Fwpg;gpl;lJ Nghy jh[pf; ftpQH mg;Jy; FthbH $l;LwTf;fhd VO gb fl;likg;ig cWjp ngbypd; epidtpy; nfhs;sf;$ba thHj;ijfs;: nra;jdH. ftpQH ugpe;jpuehj; jh$upd; khHgsT “cq;fSf;fhf flysT NeuKk; ,lKk; rpiyiaj; jpwe;Jitj;j epfo;tpYk;> jh[pf; cs;sd> Mdhy; xNu Kl;Lf;fl;il. tuk;G tuyhw;wpd; Kf;fpa gFjpahd ghNgh[d; fh/ cq;fs; tuk;gpy;yh fw;gidj;jpwDf;F my;y. kdp\; re;j;> rHtNjr tptfhuq;fspYk; ,e;jpa tuyhw;wpYk; ftdk; nrYj;Jk; tiythry; kw;Wk; , -rQ;rpifahd India Writes Network, www.indiawrites.org-,d; gpujk MrpupaH

,e;jpa juprdk;

n

16

n

nrg;uk;gH–xf;NuhgH 2015

Gjpa cwTfis

cUthf;Fjy;

,e;jpah tUk; xf;NuhgH 26-30 Mk; jpfjpfSf;F ,ilapy; Mgpupf;fhTf;fhd ehl;bd; kpfg;ngupa vy;iy tuk;G epfo;thd ,e;jpa-Mgpupf;f cr;rpkhehl;il elhj;jTs;sJ ciu | ka+up KfH[P

GJby;ypapy; ,e;jpag; gpujkH jpU eNue;jpu NkhbAk; jhd;rhdpah If;fpaf; Fbaurpd; mjpgUk;

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

n

17

n

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

$l;Ltpahghuk;

,e;jpa-jhd;rhdpa tzpf kd;wj;jpd; mq;FuhHg;gz epfo;tpy; jhd;rhdpah If;fpaf; Fbaurpd; mjpgH

Mgpupf;fhTldhd ,e;jpa cwTfs;> ,e;jpa Nkw;Ff; flw;fiu kw;Wk; Mgpupf;ff; fpof;Ff; flw;fiuiar; NrHe;j tzpfHfSf;F ,ilapy; tHj;jfg; gpizg;Gfs; cUthf;fg;gl;l fhykhd 2000 tUlq;fSf;F Kd;gpupe;Nj cs;sd. gUtf; fhw;W tPRk; jpirfs; je;jk;> nts;sp> nghd;> xypt; vz;nza;> rhk;gpuhzp> NfhJik> muprp> gUj;jp> gl;L> ,Uk;G> nrk;G kw;Wk; vs; vz;nza; Nghd;wtw;wpd; fly; tzpfj;jpw;F VJthf mike;jd. fhyk; nry;yr; nry;y> Mgpupf;fhtpd; tzpf efuq;fshd ,g;Nghija nfd;ah> ] hd;]pghH> nkhrhg;gpf; kw;Wk; nfhkNuh]; jPTfspy; ,e;jpa tzpfHfs; FbNawptpl> Mgpupf;f tzpfHfSk; ,e;jpahtpd; F[uhj;jpy; FbNawptpl;ldH. Mgpupf;fhtpd; kpfg; gpugykhd tzpfuhd ghth NfhH> Mgpupf;f ,dj;ijr; NrHe;j ,e;jpa rpj;jp r%fj;jpduhy; Nghw;wp tzq;fg;gLfpwhH. kj;jpa fhyg; gFjpapy;> Mgpupf;fHfs; gyH ,e;jpa mur ,uhZtq;fspy; Nritahw;wpAs;sdH> gyUf;F ,uhZtj;jpYk; murpay; mjpfhuj;jpYk; caH gjtpfSk; fpilj;Js;sd. ,NjNghy> gpupj;jhdpa Ml;rpapd; fPo>; ,e;jpaj; njhopyhsHfs;

,e;jpa juprdk;

n

18

n

nrg;uk;gH–xf;NuhgH 2015

rhiyfisAk; Gifapujg; ghijfisAk; fl;Ltjw;fhf njd;dhgpupf;fh> cfz;lh> nfd;ah kw;Wk; jhd;]hdpah Nghd;w ehLfSf;Fg; gpuahzpj;jdH. kPzL ; k; xUKiw> ,tHfspy; gyUk; Mgpupf;fhtpy; jq;fSila r%fq;fspd; J}z;fshf vOtjw;F jhk; Ntiy nra;j ,lq;fspNyNa tPLfis mikj;Jj; jq;fptpl;ldH. mz;ikapy;> fhydpj;Jt Ml;rpf;Fg; gpd;dhd cyfpy; ,e;jpaHfSk; Mgpupf;fHfSk; jkJ ,lq;fisg; ghJfhj;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;bapUe;jjhy;> mePjpahd Ml;rpKiwfis ntspNaw;wTk;> Rje;jpuj;jpw;fhfTk; rkepiyf;fhfTk; NghuhLtjw;F ,tHfs; xUtUld; xUtH NrHe;J gzpahw;wpAs;sdH. fle;j rpy jrhg;jq;fshf> kw;w mjpfhu ehLfs; “Mgpupf;fhTf;fhd Nghuhl;lk;” vd;wioj;jg;gb <Lgl;bUf;ff; $Lk; vd;whYk;> mij mioj;jhYk;> ,e;jpah gu];gu ed;ik fpilf;ff; $bathW njw;F-njw;F $l;LwT khjpupia mikg;gjw;fhf Mgpupf;f $l;L epWtdq;fSld; gzpahw;wpAs;sJ. cjhuzj;jpw;F> Mgpupf;fhTf;fhd ,e;jpahtpd; mgptpUj;jp cjtpj; jpl;lk; kpfg;ngupa ntw;wpahf mike;Js;sJ.

JHghd; njd;dhgpupf;fhtpd; mjpgH jpU [hNfhg; ]{khtpd; miog;gpy; ,e;jpa ntspehl;L mYty;fs; mikr;rH R];kpjh ];tuh[;

,J mbkl;lj;jpypUe;J Nky;Nehf;fp vd;gJ ,aw;ifahfNt mike;j xd;W> epWtdq;fisf; fl;LtjpYk; kf;fSf;Fg; ,q;F ,U ehLfSNk xd;W kw;wjpd; gapw;rpaspg;gjpYk; cjtpAs;sJ. Njitfis tpsq;fpf;nfhz;Ls;sJ. ,J fpl;lj;jl;l 50 Mgpupf;f ehfupf gpizg;gpd; kPJ ehLfis cs;slf;Fk; fl;bnaOg;gg;gl;l xU rk ,e;jpahtpd; MjuTld; $l;L tpahghukhFk;. 2008 Mgpupf;fhTf;fhd mikf;fg;gl;l mfd;w-Mgpupf;f Vg;uypy; GJby;ypapy; ele;j ,e;jpa ,-new;NtHf; ,e;jpa-Mgpupf;f KjyhtJ ,e;jpa Mgpupf;f mgptpUj;jp $l;LwTfspd; kw;nwhU kd;w khehl;by;> ,e;jf; $l;L cjhuzkhFk;. tpahghuk; ];jpug;gLj;jg;gl;lJ> cjtpj; jpl;lk; cyfpd; kW gf;fj;jpy;> 2011 Nk khjj;jpy; ml;b]; ngupa ntw;wpahf Mgpupf;fhtpd; jkJ mghghtpd; ele;j ,uz;lhtJ mike;Js;sJ milahsj;ijf; Fwpf;Fk; Mgpupf;f ,e;jpa kd;w ,e;jpa tpahghuq;fs; gw;wpa khehl;by; ,jd; ngWkjpfs; gy fijfs; cs;sd (rpwpa typAWj;jg;gl;ld. %d;whtJ kw;Wk; eLj;ju njhopyfq;fs; cl;gl). khehl;by;> mLj;j fl;lj;jpw;F ,e;j cwit ,e;jpa-Mgpupf;ff; $l;L tpahghuk; vLj;Jr; nry;Yk; Neuk; tUk;.

GJby;ypapy; Mgpupf;f ehl;Lj; jiytHfSldhd ,e;jpa Mgpupf;f kd;w cr;rpkhehL-III -,d; Maj;jf; $l;lk;

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

n

19

n

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

$l;Ltpahghuk;

,e;jpah-N[hHjhd; fly;

rk;ge;jg;gl;l cwTfs;

N[hHjhdpd; mf;fhgh JiwKfk; xU mgptpUj;jpaile;JtUk; gpuhe;jpa ikakhFk;> ,ij xU cyfshtpa tHj;jf ikakhf;Fk; Kaw;rpapy; ,e;jpah ,ize;J nfhs;fpwJ

Right: Mr Modi and Chinese premeir Li at Temple of Heaven, Beijing; Below: Indian PM visits Daxingshan Temple in Xi’an, China

,e;jpa juprdk;

n

20

n

nrg;uk;gH–xf;NuhgH 2015

N[hHjhDldhd ,e;jpahtpd; Kd;nkhopag;gl;l ruf;F mDg;Gjy; kw;Wk; NtW fly; rk;ge;jkhd fg;gypy; ruf;F mDg;gy; gpupT cld;gbf;if tplaq;fspy; gu];gu cjtpia toq;Fjy;> Kf;fpa khw;wk; Vw;gLj;jpahf mike;Js;sJ. rpwe;j fly; rk;ge;jkhd gapw;rpfSf;F ehl;bd; ghuhSkd;wj;jhy; mq;ff P upf;fg;gl;l cWJiz Gupjy;> fly; rk;ge;jkhd ,e;j cld;gbf;if> ,e;j Nghf;Ftuj;jpy; $l;L Kaw;rpfis tUlf; filrpapy; ntspehl;L mikj;jy;> fg;gy; fl;Ljy; kw;Wk; mYty;fs; mikr;rH R];kpjh gOJghHj;jy; Kjypait cl;gl mf;fhgh JiwKfk; ];tuh[; Nkw;F MrpahTf;F gy mlq;Ffpd;wd. tp[ak; nra;ifapy; ifr;rhj;jhFk; fg;gypy; ruf;F mDg;Gk; mz;ikapy; xU vd vjpHghHf;fg;gLfpwJ. ,e;j cld;gbf;ifia ,U ngupa tpupthf;fj;ij cld;gbf;if ,e;jpahTf;Fk; ehLfSf;Fk; ,ilapYs;s Nkw;nfhz;Ls;s N[hHjhDf;Fk; ,ilapYs;s xl;Lnkhj;j ,Ujug;G tzpfj;jpd; tsHr;rpaile;J fly; rk;ge;jg;gl;l cwTfis gpd;dzpf;F vjpuhfNt ghHf;f tUk; xd;whFk; gy;NtW Kd; Kaw;rpfs; %yk; Ntz;Lk;. ,e;j tUlk; khHr; tYg;gLj;Jk;. ,tw;wpy;> fg;gypy; khjk; 29-30 jpfjpfspy; mk;khdpy;

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

n

21

n

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

$l;Ltpahghuk;

Kjy; jlitahf mikr;rHfs; kl;lj;jpy; elhj;jg;gl;l ,e;jpa-N[hHjhd; $l;L tzpfk; kw;Wk; nghUshjhur; rigapd; xd;gjhtJ mkHtpy;> 2020 ,w;F Kd;dH 5 gpy;ypad; mnkupf;f nlhyH tzpf ,yf;if vl;Ltjw;F ,U ehLfSk; Vw;Wf;nfhz;ld. mz;ikapy; jdJ tzpfj;jpy; fzprkhd mjpfupg;ig xU ehL Vw;fdNt mile;Js;sJ – mjhtJ 2006-,y; 570 kpy;ypad; mnkupf;f nlhyHfshf ,Ue;j tzpfk; 2013-,y; 1.61 gpy;ypad; mnkupf;f nlhyHfs; MfpaJ – vd;w NghjpYk;> ,J xU MHtkpf;f ,yf;F jhd;. 2020-,d; ,yf;ifg; g+Hj;jpnra;tjw;F> fly; rk;ge;jkhd ,izg;Gfis ,uz;LNk Kd;Ndw;w Ntz;Lk;.

N[hHjhDldhd tzpf cwTfspd; Kd;Ndw;wk; Kf;fpakhFk;> Vndd;why; `h\pikw; fpq;lk; vd;gJ fpl;lj;jl;l Ie;J tUlq;fshf ,Uf;Fk; epiyahd murpay; khw;w miyapd; fPo; ,Ue;J tUfpd;w mg;gpuhe;jpaj;jpYs;s rpy ];jpukhd tHj;jf ikaq;fspy; xd;whFk;.

N[hHjhdpd; tlf;Fg; Gwj;jpYs;s mz;il ehlhd rpupahtpy; cs;ehl;Lg; Nghupd; ,ilf;fl;l fhyk;@ mjd; fpof;fpYs;s <uhf; gpujhd ntspehl;L ,uhZtg; gpur;rhuj;jpypUe;J kPzL ; nfhz;bUe;jJ@ ,U ehLfSNk Kul;Lj;jdkhd gaq;futhjf; FOit vjpHj;Jr; rz;ilapl;Lf; nfhz;bUe;jd@ njw;Fg; Gwj;jpypUf;Fk; rt+jp mNugpah Nakd; ehl;Lldhd ,uhZtg; Nghupy; <LgLj;jg;gLfpwJ@ nrq;flYf;F mg;ghYs;s vfpg;J gpujhd murpay; Gul;rpapypUe;J mg;NghJjhd; tpLgl;bUe;jJ. J}uj;jpypUe;J ghHj;jhy;> cyfshtpa Kf;fpa Gs;spapy; mike;Js;s N[hHjhd; njhlKbahj (Fwpg;ghf tpahghuq;fSf;fhf) xd;whfj; jhd; Njhd;Wk;> Mdhy; cz;ik epiy tpj;jpahrkhdJ. N[hHjhd; jdJ mz;il ehLfspYs;s neUf;fbfs; njhlHghf fz;bg;ghf eLepiyahfNt ,Ue;J te;Js;sJ. ,J xg;gl P l ; stpy; Rje;jpukhd nghUshjhu ehL> jdJ tpUg;gj;jpy; $l gzpahw;wpAs;sJ. N[hHjhdpy; xNunahU fly; JiwKfk; jhd; cs;sJ> mJ mf;fhgh> ,J nfhs;fyd;fisAk;> kpfr; rkPg fhykhf jdJ rf;jpg; ghJfhg;Gj; Njitfspy; Kf;fpakhd xd;whd vupthAitAk;

,e;jpa juprdk;

n

22

n

nrg;uk;gH–xf;NuhgH 2015

ifahSfpwJ. 2013-,y;> 140 kpy;ypad; mnkupf;f nlhyHfspy; fg;gy; jupg;gpl trjp nra;J Kbf;fg;gl;lJ. vdNt ,g;NghJ> ,j;JiwKfj;jpd; nfhs;fyd; ifahSk; jpwik ,Uklq;fhfpAs;sJ> mf;fhgh topapy; gpuahzpf;Fk; kpfg;ngupa fg;gy;fs; $l miog;igr; nra;ayhk;. ,e;j a+d; khjj;jpy; xU Gjpa jput ,aw;if thA Kidak; $l me;jj; JiwKfj;jpy; jpwf;fg;gl;lJ. Njrpag; nghUshjhuj;ij ts%l;LtJld;> KO N[hHjhdpa kpd;rhuj; NjitfisAk; g+Hj;jpnra;fpd;w vupthA ,wf;FkjpfisAk;> vfpg;Jf;fhd Vw;Wkjpfs; rpytw;iwAk; ifahSk; msTf;F LNG Kidak; ngupjhf cs;sJ. N[hHjhdpd; mf;fhgh JiwKfk; xU tsHe;JtUk; gpuhe;jpa ikakhFk;> mij xU cyfshtpa tHj;jf ikakhf;Fk; Kaw;rpapy; ,e;jpah ,g;NghJjhd; ,izfpd;wJ. fpwp];JTf;F Ke;ija fhyj;jpy;

mf;fhgh JiwKfj;ij xU cyfshtpa tHj;jf ikakhf Mf;Ftjw;F ,e;jpahTk; N[hHjhDk; ngUKaw;rp nra;fpd;wd

epHkhzpf;fg;gl;l mf;fhgh (mg;NghJ Iyh vdg;gl;lJ)> fp.gp 106-,y; NuhkhdpaHfshy; ifg;gw;wg;gl;L> ,U rhk;uhr;rpaq;fSf;Fk; ,ilapy; ele;j tzpfj;jpy; flg;Gg; Gs;spahfr; Nritahw;wpaJ. ,e;j ,izg;ghdJ 4Mk; E} w;whz;by; igrd;iud; rhk;uhr;rpaj;jpd; fPo; mf;fhgh te;j gpd;dUk; njhlHe;J> ,d;W tiu gykhfNt cs;sJ. ,e;j tUlk; ngg;utup khjj;jpy;> cyfpd; kpfg;ngupa fg;gypy; ruf;F mDg;Gk; epWtdq;fspy; xd;whd khvH]; iyd; xU Gjpa Nritia mwptpj;jJ> mr;Nrit ,e;jpahTf;Fk; mf;fhghTf;F ,ilapy; xU Neub ,izg;ig cUthf;FfpwJ. ,r;Nrit nrd;idapy; njhlq;FfpwJ> nfhOk;G (,yq;if)> ryyh Like (Xkhd;)> n[l;lh (rt+jp MEA INDIA mNugpah)> mf;fhgh (N[hHjhd;)> NghHl; iraj; (vfpg;J)> my;n[rpuh]; (];ngapd;)> tyd;rpah (];ngapd;)> Follow n[Ndhth (,j;jhyp) Mfpa @MEAINDIA ,lq;fspy; jupj;J> gpd;dH Mgpupf;fhtpd; Lgha; vdf; ftug;gLk; [pg+j;jp JiwKf efuk; topahf kPzL ; k; Channel nrd;idf;F jdJ ghijia MEA INDIA Nkw;nfhs;fpwJ.

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

n

23

n

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

ghuk;gupak;

me;j ke;jpu[hy

xd;gJ ahHfs;

g+j;Jf;Fs;sp jkpo;ehl;bYs;s Njhlh r%fj;jpd; xd;gJ ahH ePskhd vk;gn ; uha;lup Ntiyg;ghLs;s MilahdJ fiyapd; xU Jz;lhf xU rhy;it msTf;Nf cs;sJ ciu | fy;ahzp gpu\H

jkpo;ehL khepyj;jpd; tpspk;gpy; gue;Js;s ePyfpupapYs;s ePy kiyfspYs;s Njhlh vd;wiof;fg;gLk; kiytho; goq;FbapdNu mg;gpuhe;jpaj;jpd; caH jukhd goq;Fbr; r%fkhf fUjg;gLfpd;wdH. Njhlh r%fk; ftdj;ij <Hj;Js;sJ> mtHfSila fpNuf;f Njhw;wq;fSf;F ed;wp - rpyH jhq;fs; fpNuf;f tk;rhtspapdH vdf; fUJfpd;wdH. mtHfs; g+j;JFs;sp vd;W miof;fg;gLk; xd;gJ ahH ePs rhy;it kPJ nra;ag;gLk; vk;gn ; uha;lup

,e;jpa juprdk;

n

24

n

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

Ntiyg;ghl;by; jpUg;jpahf <LgLfpd;wdH. ,J GI me;j];ijf; nfhz;l xU rpf;fyhd fiy tbtk;> mjhtJ mijg; gpujpnaLg;gJ fhg;gplg;gl;Ls;sJ> NkYk; rPuhd tpiyia ngw;Ws;sJ. ngUk;ghYk; Njhlh ngz;fshy; nra;ag;gLk; ,e;jf; fiyahdJ g+j;JFs;sp rhy;itf;F etPd fhy fhl;rpaspf;Fk; tifapy;> Kidfis Nehf;fp (gl;ilfs; Nghd;w) fWg;G kw;Wk; rptg;G NfhLfSs;s xU nts;isj; Jzpapy;

fiy tbtk; MdJ fWg;G kw;Wk; rptg;Gf; NfhLfisf; nfhz;l xU nts;isj; Jzpapy; nerT nra;ag;gLfpwJ> NkYk; mJ Njhlhf;fspd; jiyKiwfisf; fle;J nry;fpwJ

nerT nra;ag;gLfpwJ. ,e;jf; ,e;jg; gl;ilfSf;F ,ilapYk; NfhLfSf;F ,ilapy;> ngz;fs; Rw;wpAk; nra;ag;gl;bUf;fpwJ. gioa E}y; vz;zpf;if Kiwia fWg;G gl;ilapd; ,lJ gf;fkhfr; gad;gLj;jp ijf;fpd;wdH. vk;gn ; uha;lup nra;ag;gLk; tbtq;fs; fHNdhy; vdg;gLfpd;w g+j;JFs;spapd; "cs;Ns" nra;ag;gLfpwJ> mjdhy; mNjNtis> tyJ gf;fj;jpy; nra;ag;gLtJ fHj;jy; mjd; Kd;gf;fj;jpy; xU nrOikahd Gilg;GUtj; vdg;gLk;.

Njhw;wk; Vw;gLfpwJ> Mdhy; cz;ikapy; ePqf ; s; jUzj;ijg; nghWj;J> kf;fs; tpj;jpahrkhd g+j;JFs;spia ,UGwKk; ghtid nra;ayhk;. tifahd g+j;Fs;sp rhy;itfis mzptijg; ,J xU cz;ikahd ,U gf;fKk; ghtid ghHf;fyhk;. Njhlh r%fj;jpd; jpUkz epfo;tpy;> nra;af;$ba rhy;it! kf;fs; mjpfstpy; vk;gn ; uha;lup nra;ag;gl;l Njhlhf;fs; fpNuf;f g+j;JFs;spfis mzptH> ,e;j cLg;Gfisg; NghyNt tof;fk; gy jiyKiwfshf jq;fisr; Rw;wp g+j;JFs;spiaf; fPNo fle;J te;Js;sJ. vk;gn ; uha;lup fl;bf;nfhs;fpwhHfs;> tpaf;Fk; tifapy;> rpwe;j g+j;JFs;spapd; “cs;Ns” fpNuf;fj;jpypUe;J te;j re;jjp kw;Wk; kpf mjpfstpy; KOtJk; nra;ag;gLfpwJ> mjdhy; vd;gjw;F ,J NkYk; xU vk;gn ; uha;lup nra;ag;gl;l jj;Jtj;ijf; nfhLj;Js;sJ. rhy;itfs; <kr;rlq;Ffspd; NghJ mjd; Kd;gf;fj;jpy; Mz;fSf;Fk; ngz;fSf;Fk; rw;W fhzg;gLfpd;wd. ghuk;gupakhf> xU nrOikahd khWgl;l tbtq;fisf; nfhz;ljhf jhtu ehNu E}y;fshf Gilg;GUtj; Njhw;wk; ,aw;ifiar; rpj;jupf;Fk; tbtq;fs; cgNahfpf;fg;gl;lJ. Mdhy; rkPg Vw;gLfpwJ vk;gn ; uha;lupapy; rpj;jupf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. fhyj;jpy;> etPd vk;gn ; uha;lup E} Njhlhf;fs; vUikiag; Gdpjkhff; y;fs; ghtidapy; cs;sd. fUJtjhy;> jkJ gilg;Gfspy; rpy tUlq;fSf;F Kd;> Njhlh mbf;fb jpUk;g jpUk;g cUthf;Fk; fUj;Jfspy; vk;gpuha;lup mopitr; re;jpj;jJ> Mdhy; muR xd;whf mij itj;jpUf;fpwhHfs;. rhHgw;w epWtdq;fs; kw;Wk; mgptpUj;jp epWtdq;fs; Njhlh r%fj;jpd; ,sk; ngz;fs; rpW ,f;fiy tbtj;ij ghJfhf;f mspj;j epjp cjtp tajpNyNa jq;fs; jha;khHfsplkpUe;J >f@ mijf; fhj;Jitf;f cjtpAs;sJ. fhyq;fs; fiyia fw;Wnfhs;tH. ,e;j mofhd tbtq;fis cUz;Nlhba gpwF> ghuk;gupa vk;gn ; uha;lupahdJ cUthf;Ftjw;F VNjDk; tpjpKiwg; Gj;jfq;fisg; ntWk; g+j;Jf;Fs;sp rhy;itfshf kl;Lk; ghHf;fNth fye;jhNyhrpf;fNth mtHfSf;F ,Uf;fhky;> igfs;> Nkir tpupg;Gfs; kw;Wk; ve;jnthU ijay; tbtq;fSk; Njitapy;iy. gLf;if tpupg;Gfs; Nghd;w jpdrupg; ghtidapy; fWg;G kw;Wk; rptg;G rkhe;juf; Nfhbl;l gl;ilfs; cs;s nghUl;fspYk; ,Ug;gij fz;$lhff; rfy g+j;Fs;spfspd; mbg;gil tbtikg;ghf fhz;gHP fs;> ,J mf;fiy tbtk; jg;gpg;gpiof;f xU mikfpd;wd. vk;gn ; uha;lup xU xOq;fhd Kiwapy; tha;gi ; g mspf;fpwJ.

nrg;uk;gH–xf;NuhgH 2015

n

25

n

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

ghuk;gupak;

ePyfpup kiyahl;bd;

Njrj;jpy;

jkpo;ehl;bd; ePyfpupapy; ,Ue;J NfushtpYs;s mf];jpa kiyfs; tiu ePzL ; s;s 400 fpkP tuk;Gs;s N\hyh Gy;ntspapy; kl;LNk jkpo;ehl;bd; khepy tpyq;F cs;sJ ciu | mdpy; Ky;re;jdp

20Mk; E}w;whz;bd; Kw;gFjpapy; rpy 100 cs;ehl;by; N\hyh]; vd mwpag;gLk; ePyfpup kiyahLfs; kl;Lk; jhd; fhl;by; tsHr;rp Fd;wpa fhLfSf;F ,ilapy; tplg;gl;bUe;jd vd;W cq;fSf;Fj; Gy;ntspfshfg; gue;Js;sd. ,e;jg; njupAkh? ,d;W> muR kw;Wk; jdpahH Gy;ntspfs;> Fiwe;j cauj;jpy; epWtdq;fs; %yk; nra;ag;gl;l ghJfhg;G mlHe;j fhLfshy; #og;gl;Ls;sd> Kaw;rpfSf;F ed;wp> mjd; ,tw;Ws; ngUk;ghyhdit vz;zpf;if 2500 Ij; Nfushtpd; jiyefuhd jhz;btpl;lJ. cs;ehl;by; jpUtde;jGuj;jpypUe;J vHitf;Fsk; ePyfpup kiyahL my;yJ 280 fpkP njhiytpYs;s Njrpag; kiyahL vd;W mwpag;gLk; vHitFsk; Njrpa ePyfpup kiyahl;bd; mjpf g+q;fhitr; Rw;wpf; g+q;fh ,Lf;fp vz;zpf;if jkpo;ehl;by; fhzg;gLfpwJ. khtl;lj;jpd; ePyfpup kiyfs; kw;Wk; vHitFsk; Njrpa g+q;fh caH vy;iyapy; Nfushtpy; cs;s Nkw;F ,e;jpa jPgfw;gj;jpy; rpy cs;sJ njhlHr;rp kiyapd; njw;F kpf caHe;j kiyfisf; gFjpfspy; fhzg;gLfpd;wd. nfhz;L Gfo;rr ; p ngw;w njd; Nkw;F njhlHr;rp ,Lf;fp khtl;lj;jpy; kiyapy; Nkhz;Nld; kiof;fhl;Lr; cs;sJ - 8842 mb cauKs;s #oy;- gFjpapy; jpwe;j Gy;ntspia MidKb rpfuk;> njd; ,e;jpahtpy; tho;tplkhff; nfhz;Ls;s> ePyfpup cs;s kpf caHe;j rpfukhFk;. ,J> kiyahLfs; 1200 - 2600 kP cauq;fspy; capupay; uPjpahf tskhfTs;s N\ fhzg;gLfpd;wd> mq;Fs;s fhLfs; hyh fhl;L; tho;tplj;jpw;F kpfr; rpwe;j

,e;jpa juprdk;

n

26

n

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

ePyfpup kiyahL

nrg;uk;gH–xf;NuhgH 2015

n

27

n

Ø

fl;Lf;Nfhg;ghd Mlhd ePyfpup kiyahl;Lf;F FWfpa> fuLKulhd tpyq;F cNuhkKk; rpypHf;fpd;w gplup kapUk; cs;sd.

Ø

Mz; MLfs; KjpHe;j NghJ ngz; MLfis tplg; ngupajhfTk; fUikahfTk; cs;sd

Ø

,U ghypdKk; tise;j nfhk;Gfisf; nfhz;Ls;sd mit Mz; MLfSf;F 40 nr.kP tiuAk; ngz; MLfSf;F 30 nr.kP. tiuAk; tsUk;.

Ø

xU Mz; ML 80-100 fpNyh epiwiaAk; epw;Fk; NghJ Njhs;gl;il tiu 100 nr.kP cauKk; ,Uf;Fk; mNjrkak; taJte;j ngz; 50-60 fpNyh epiwAk; epw;Fk;NghJ Njhs;gl;il cauk; 80 nr.kP. MfTk; ,Uf;Fk;.

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

ghuk;gupak;

,aw;if kw;Wk; ,aw;if tsq;fspd; (IUCN) ghJfhg;G rHtNjr xd;wpaj;jhy; ePyfpup kiyahL gl;bayplg;gl;Ls;sJ

cjhuzq;fspy; xd;whFk;. ePyfpup ,e;j ,dq;fs; xU mope;Jnry;Yk; kiyahlhdJ jkpo;ehl;bd; ePyfpupapy; ,dq;fs; vd ,aw;if kw;Wk; ,aw;if ,Ue;J NfushtpYs;s mf];jpa kiyfs; tsq;fspd; (ICUN) ghJfhg;Gf;fhd rHtNjr tiu ePzL ; s;s 400 fpkP tuk;Gs;s N\hyh $l;lhy; gl;bayplg;gl;Ls;sJ. ve;j xU Gy;ntspapy; fhzg;gLfpwJ. cg$l;lj;jpYk; 250 ,w;Fk; Nkw;gl;l KiyahL $Hikahd ghHitAilaJ KjpHe;j MLfs; ,Ug;gjpy;iy. mJ kw;Wk; vr;rupf;ifahdJ> Mdhy; KOikahf 1972 ,e;jpa tdtpyq;F kiyfspy; Ntfkhf (ghJfhg;G) rl;lj;jpd; %yk; Xlf; $ba ,ijf; xU ml;ltiz 1 ,dq;fshfg; fz;Lgpbg;gJ fbdk;. Mdhy; ghJfhf;fg;gLfpwJ kw;Wk; fhl;bd; NkNy vHitFsj;jpd; uh[kiyj; vHitf;Fsk; kw;Wk; cs;s nrq;Fj;Jr; njhlH ePyfpup kiyahl;ilg; mikjpg; gs;sj;jhf;F rupTfs; kw;Wk; ghHf;fr; rpwe;j xU Njrpag; g+q;fhf;fs;> KFHj;jp> ,lkhFk;.

Midkiy kw;Wk; guk;gpf;Fs fd;kiyfs; mit tof;fkhf> MW tdtpyq;F ruzhyaq;fs; ePyfpup my;yJ VO xd;W$b kw;Wk; =tpy;ypGj;J}H eiuj;j kiyahl;ilg; ke;ijfshff; fhzg;gLk;> uhl;rj mzpy; ruzhyak; ghHf;fr;; rpwe;jit rpy Neuq;fspy; mjpfstpy; kw;Wk; fyf;fhL - Kd;le;Jiw xd;W$Lfpd;wd> Mdhy; Gypfs; ruzhyak; Nghd;w Gy;jiu Nkl;Lepy ghJfhf;fg;gl;l gFjpfspy; jho;Tfspy; Nka;rr ; y; FOf;fshf cs;sd. fhzg;gLk;. Nkw;Fj; njhlHr;rp kiyia mit> fhiy kw;Wk; khiy Neuq;fspy; cyf ghuk;gupa jskhf IUCN RWRWg;ghf ,Uf;fpd;wd> fz;fhzpg;Gf;F mwptpg;gpd; %yk;> ePyfpup kiyahL ,e;j xU kiyahl;ilf; fhtypy; itj;Jtpl;L> kiyg;gFjpfspy; gy;YapH Kf;fpakhd #lhd kjpaNtisfspy; ghiwfspd; Gs;spfspd; ghJfhg;G Kaw;rpfspy; epoypy; Xa;T vLf;fpd;wd. gadilayhk;.

,e;jpa juprdk;

n

28

n

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

ghuk;gupak;

ths; kw;Wk;

<l;bf; fiy

Maj mbg;gilahd gz;ila jw;fhg;G fiyahd jq; lh vjpupfis vjpHj;Jg; Nghuhl ths; kw;Wk; <l;bia fUtpfsha; cgNahfpf;fpwJ ciu | thzp khypf;

jq; lh eilKiwapy; Ra ghJfhg;Gf;F kl;Lk; cjthky;> mJ vq;fs; tskhd fyhr;rhu ghuk;gupaj;ijAk; NrHf;fpwJ

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

n

29

n

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

ghuk;gupak;

kzpg;g+upd; tPug;ghuk;gupak; ths;fs;> <l;bfs; kw;Wk; Fj;J ths;fs; Nghd;w gy;NtW MAjq;fspd; ghtidiaf; Fwpf;fpwJ. mJ kj;jpa fhyq;fspy; ,Ue;j epiyahd tho;fi ; f kw;Wk; capHNghFk; Nghuhl;lq;fs; rk;ge;jg;gl;l jq; lh vd;w xU jw;fhg;G fiy tbtk;> %r;R Kiwfs;> jpahdk; kw;Wk; rlq;Ffs; Kjypatw;Wld; rk;ge;jg;gLfpwJ. NkYk; `{td; yy;yhq; vd;W mwpag;gLk; ,J ntWk; NghHj; jpwd;fs; gapw;rpia tplTk; NkyhdJ. jq; lh cs; (jpahdk;> Ra fy;tpa+l;ly; kw;Wk; Md;khitAk; kdijAk; gw;wpa tpopg;GzHT) kw;Wk; ntsp (cly; kw;Wk; MNuhf;fpak;); $Wfisf; nfhz;Ls;sJ.

Njhw;wk; fq;Nyghf; k ​ w;Wk; kPNja; ,dj;jpd; tuyhW Njhd;wpa NghNj ,e;jj; jw;fhg;Gf; fiyAk; Njhd;wpaJ. jPatHfsplk; rz;ilNghl kw;Wk; gilnaLg;ghsHfsplk; ,Ue;J jq;fsJ ehl;ilg; ghJfhf;f kPNja; ,dj;jpdH jq; lhitf; ifahz;ldH. Gtpapay; mUfhik fhuzkhf ,e;jf; fiy gHkh (,g;NghJ kpad;khH) kw;Wk; jha;yhe;jpy; jw;fhg;G fiy tbtq;fSf;Fg; gq;fspj;jJ. 1930-,y; gpupl;b\; murhq;fk; jq l ; htpw;F jil tpjpj;j NghJ> mJ tPor ; r ; p fz;lJ. Mdhy; ,e;jpah Rje;jpuk; ngw;w gpd;dH mJ jdJ Gj;JapHg;igj; njhlq;fpaJ> mg;NghjpypUe;J> ,e;jj; jw;fhg;Gf; fiy kzpg;g+upy; ele;j fpl;lj;jl;l rfy nfhz;lhl;lq;fs;> tpohf;fs; kw;Wk; gz;ghl;L epfo;Tfspy; kuzj;jpw;F miw$ty; tpLf;Fk; kw;Wk; kpfr;rpwe;j jpwikia ntspf;fhl;Lk; Nghl;bfSld; xU gq;fhf ,Ue;J te;Js;sJ.

,e;jpa juprdk;

n

30

n

nrg;uk;gH–xf;NuhgH 2015

gapw;rp xU fw;gtH fz;bg;ghf xOf;fk;> rupahd czTg; gof;fk; kw;Wk; xU ey;y jhHkPf jd;ikiag; guhkupf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;gjw;fhf jhq; lh jdf;Fs;NsNa gy jhHkPf kjpg;Gfisf; nfhz;bUf;fpwJ. kugpd;gb> xU rPlH FUtpd; tPlb ; w;Fr; nrd;W jhd;

jq; lh rpwe;j nray;KiwfSld; kzpg;g+upy; fpl;lj;jl;l xt;nthU nfhz;lhl;lj;jpd; xU gFjpahf ,Ue;J tUfpwJ

jq; lhitf; fw;f> goq;fhy kzpg;Gup fyhr;rhuj;ijg; gw;wp mwptJ rPlHfSf;F mj;jpahtrpakhdjhFk;

jhq; lhitf; fw;gpf;FkhW mtiu Ntz;l Ntz;Lk;. Vw;Wnfhs;sg;gl;lhy;> rPlH FU Nghupghtpw;F (Mrpupaiuf; nfsutpg;gjw;fhf) jl;riz (fl;lzk;)> Kwa khU kdh (ntw;wpiy ghf;F kw;Wk; ,iy) kw;Wk; thiog;goq;fs; nfhLg;gJ Nghd;wtw;iw Nkw;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. jhq; my;yJ ths; fiyahdJ tYthd gw;wYf;fhf> tpupthf;fj;jpw;fhf kw;Wk; jhf;FjYf;fhf xUtuJ cliy jiuia Nehf;fpg; gjpf;fpwJ. lh my;yJ <l;b nfhz;L tpisahLk; fiyahdJ cliy xOq;fpd;wpg; gug;gp epw;wy; gw;wpaJ: midj;J jpirfisAk; mila jiu kl;lj;jpy; g+kpapd; tpuptiljy; tp\ aj;ij gpd;gw;w thdk; kw;Wk; nya;ghy; tpuptiljiy ehd;ghd; J}z;LfpwJ. <l;bapd; ghtidahdJ fPo; cly; ,af;fq;fspy; 75 rjtPjj;ij vLf;fpwJ> mNjNtis ths; nghJthf Nky; cly; ,af;fq;fspy; RkhH 75 rjtPjk; vLj;Jf;nfhs;fpwJ. ths; midj;Jg; gf;fq;fspy; ,Ue;Jk;

tUk; jhf;Fjy;fspy; ,Ue;J cliyg; ghJfhf;fpwJ> mjd;gb vl;L cUtk; tpupthf clypd; midj;J ghjpf;fg;glf;$ba gFjpfisAk; kiwf;f gad;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ. khztH MAjj;Jld; rz;ilg;NghLk; Mw;wiy mila> Fj;Jfs;> if Ntiy epWj;jq;fs; kw;Wk; fpLf;fpg;gpb nfhz;l rupj; ruf; my;yJ \ upj; \uf; Nghd;w MAjkw;w El;gq;fis mtH fw;Wnfhs;sNtz;Lk;. ,e;jj; jw;fhg;Gf; fiy %r;R clw;gapw;rp> jpahdk; kw;Wk; Gdpj eldk; Nghd;wtw;Wld; rk;ge;jg;gLfpwJ. vdpDk;> ntspg;ghL ,y;yhjjhy;> ,e;jj; jw;fhg;G fiy tbtk; tiuaWf;fg;gl;ljhfNt Vw;Wf;nfhs;sg;gl;bUf;fpwJ. tskhd gz;ghl;Lg; ghuk;gupaj;ijf; nfhz;L> ,e;jj; jw;fhg;G fiy tbtkhdJ> ntspehl;Lr; rf;jpfshy; mbikg;gLj;jpa fhyk; cl;gl> mg;gbNa kzpg;g+upd; xUikg;ghl;ilg; Ngzp itj;Js;sJ.

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

n

31

n

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

ghuk;gupak;

gPk;ngl;fhtpy; xU ghiwj; jyk;

,e;jpa juprdk;

n

32

n

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

ghiw Xtpaj;jpy;

tuyhW

gPkn ; gl;fhtpd; njhy;nghUshuha;rr ; pj; jyk; xU nka;ahd fiyf;fhl;rp $lk;> mJ xU r%f capupdkhf kdpjdpd; gupzhk tsHr;rpiar; rpj;jupf;fpwJ kw;Wk; mtHfsJ fijia Jz;Lfshf NrHf;f tuyhw;whsHfSf;F xU Gijayhf mikfpwJ ciu kw;Wk; epow;glq;fs; | Rdpjh FkhH

uj;jgdp tdtpyq;F ruzhyaj;jpd; Rw;whlypy; cs;s kj;jpa gpuNjrj;jpd; iurd; khtl;lj;jpy; gPkn ; gl;fh mike;jpUf;fpwJ. And];Nfhtpd; cyfg; ghuk;gupaj; jykhd gPkn ; gl;fh tof;fj;jpw;F khwhf cs;s ghiw tbtq;fspd; jhafkhf cs;sJ. mJ kdpjd; jdJ gilg;ghw;wiy ntspg;gLj;j xU rpj;jpug;ghlj;ijf; nfhLf;fpwJ. J} uj;jpy; ,Ue;J ghHj;jhy;> ,e;jg; ghiw mikg;Gfs; xU rpwpa Nfhl;iliag;; Nghy; ,Uf;fpd;wd> mit jhKs;s kiy kPJ Rw;wpapUf;Fk; gFjpfspy; ,Ue;J RkhH 100 kPww ; H NkNy caHe;jpUf;fpd;wd. ,it gy E}w;whz;Lfshf ele;j ,aw;if $Wfshy; Md jPtpu ,urhad kw;Wk; ngsjPftpay; fhyepiyahf;fj;jpd; tpisTjhd;. ghiwfSf;Fs; cs;s Fiffs; kw;Wk; Fopfs; kdpjdpd; jq;Fkplkhf khwpd> ,e;jg; ghiw mikg;Gf;fspd; jl;ilahd gug;Gfs; mtuJ gilg;G czHTfspd; xU rhe;jhf khwpaJ. ,q;Fs;s midj;J ghiw mikg;Gfspd; kPJs;s ghiwapd; fhl;rp kdpjdpd; fw;gidia kl;Lk; fhz;gpf;ftpy;iy> xU r%f capupdkhf mtuJ gupzhk tsHr;rp nray;KiwiaAk; rpj;jupf;fpwJ kw;Wk; mtHfsJ fijia Jz;Lfshf NrHf;f tuyhw;whsHfSf;F xU Gijayhf mikfpwJ. ,e;jpahtpd; njhy;nghUshuha;rr ; p Ma;Tj;Jiwapd; (ASI) gb> gPkn ; gl;fhtpd; mfo;T ,ilf;fhy rfhg;jj;jpw;F kpfTk;

Fiwthf> fw;fhyj;jpy; ,Ue;Nj kdpjdpd; Mf;fpukpg;G njupa tUfpwJ. fw;fhyk; 100>000 Mz;Lfspy; ,Ue;J 40>000 Mz;LfSf;F Kd;G gjpT nra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ> Mf;fpukpg;G fhyk; kfj;jhdJ. ghiw Xtpaq;fs; kdpj tbtq;fs;> tpyq;F tbtq;fs;> kuq;fs; kw;Wk; tbtpay; tbtq;fisr; rpj;jupf;fpd;wd. RtHfs; kPJ rpj;jupf;fg;gl;l tbtq;fs; Aj;jj;jpw;fhd Ntl;il njhlf;fk; eldk; Nghd;w fyhrhu mk;rq;fs; tiuapyhd eltbf;iffspy; <Lgl;bUg;gijr; rpj;jupf;fpd;wd. rpy tbtq;fs; xU Ntl;ilapd; NghJ tpyq;Ffis Nehf;fp ,ufrpakhf efHtijf;

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

n

33

n

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

ghuk;gupak;

RtHfs; kPJ rpj;jupf;fg;gl;l tbtq;fs; Aj;jj;jpw;fhd Ntl;ilapy; njhlq;fp eldk; Nghd;w fyhr;rhu mk;rq;fs; tiuapyhd eltbf;iffisr; rpj;jupf;fpd;wd

fhl;Lfpd;wd. gy capupdq;fs; ghiw Xtpaq;fspy; kl;Lk; jhd; ,lj;ijg; gpbj;Js;sd> me;j Xtpaq;fs; mtw;iw fpl;ljl;l capUs;sit NghyNt nfhz;L tUfpd;wd. tbtpay; tbtq;fs; xU lhtpd;rp FwpaPlL ; rkd;ghl;bypUe;J fpilf;Fk; rpd;dq;fNshL xj;jpUf;fpd;wd. mq;F xU rf;fuk; cs;sJ> mj;Jld; gy;NtW kw;w tl;l tbtq;fshd miu tl;lq;fs;> Gs;spapl;l NfhLfs;> if Nuif kw;Wk; tpuy; Nuif KjypaitAk;. tuyhw;whrpupaHfshy; xd;whfj; njhFf;fgl;l xU gue;j kdpj GjpUf;fhd jlaq;fshf mikfpd;wd. rpy tbtq;fs; vy;iyf;NfhL tbtj;jpdhy;

,e;jpa juprdk;

n

34

n

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

kl;LNk gpujpepjpj;Jtk; ngw;Ws;sdJ kw;Wk; gy tbtq;fshy; my;yJ xNu epwj;jpy; ntspf;Nfhlhf epug;ggl;Ls;sd. rptg;G kw;Wk; nts;is> ePyk; kw;Wk; kQ;rs; epwf; Fwpg;Gfshy; Nkyhjpf;f epwq;fshf cs;sd. ePH kw;Wk; tpyq;Ff; nfhOg;G fye;j ,aw;iff; fdpk epwq;fs; fpisfshy; nra;ag;gl;l nky;ypa J}upiffisg; gad;gLj;jp tiue;j tbtq;fs; kw;Wk; jpl;ltiuTfis cUthf;f gad;gLk;. epiwa Xtpaq;fs; jl;ilg; gug;Gfspy; ,Uf;Fk;> rpy %iyfspy; fhzg;gLk; kw;Wk; rpy fzprkhd cauj;jpy; Njhd;wp ntspg;gilahf fhzg;gLfpd;wd. vdNt me;jg; ghiwfs;

kiwe;J Xtpaq;fs; njd;gLtjhy; Xtpaq;fs; kdpjdpd; gupzhk tsHr;rpapd; fiyQHfs; xU caHe;j kiyapy; xU tiufiyf; gjpthf mikfpd;wd. rpy VwpapUe;J tiue;jik njspthfpwJ. ,q;Nf glq;fs; mtiu fhLfs; topahf eilgapw;rp ghiw mikg;Gfs; mlHe;j fhLfshy; kw;Wk; kuq;fs; VWjy;> xU Ntld; Nghd;W #og;gl;Ls;sd> ,e;j ,lk; fz;Lgpbf;fg;gl;l fhl;Lfpd;wd. gpd;dH te;j glq;fs; xUtiu tpjk; xU mjpraj;ij Vw;gLj;JfpwJ. Njupd; kPJ fhl;l mit NtW rfhg;jj;ij njhy;nghUspay; Jiw gjpTfspd; gb> rpj;jupf;fpd;wd. Mdhy; gPkn ; gl;fh ghiw Ngh[;g+H Vupapd; vjpHg; gf;fj;jpy; xU XtpakhdJ xU jyj;ijad;wp gytw;iwj; ngsj;j jykhd "gpk;ngl; kiy" gw;wpg; jhz;b nry;fpwJ. gPkn ; gl;fh kiy Ngrpa Kjy; egH lgps;a+ mtw;Wf;F ,ilNa RkhH fpd;nfa;l; gPkn ; gl;fhthy; 700 ghiwfSld; 1>892 Kjy; mwpf;ifahdJ 1888n`f;uaH gug;gstpyhd Ie;J jyj;jpy; fhzg;gl;l ,y; ntspaplg;gl;lJ. jyq;fspy; xd;whFk;. mJ fUtpfs; mjd; cz;ikahd Muha;T fpl;lj;jl;l xU kiyf;f fyhepjp tp\;Z tfd;fupd; itf;Fk; vz;zhd 400 ghiw goq;fhyk; kw;Wk; tUifNahL kl;LNk ele;jJ. Xtpaq;fisf; nfhz;lJ. fhytupiria xU mwpQUk; kUj;JtUkhd cldbahf mUfpYs;s> ntspg;gLj;Jfpd;wd tfd;fH Kd;G ,g;gFjpapy; ghiw Xtpaj; jyq;fspd; uapy; %yk; gazk; nra;j tupirahdJ NghJ> INuhg;ghtpYk;; rky; kiyfs;> gs;sj;jhf;fpYKs;s ghiwf; fiyj; jyq;fs; fhLfs; kw;Wk; Jiwfshy; Muhag;gl;ld. ,aw;if xw;Wikiag; rupj;jpukhf;fg;gl;lJ> ,g;ghiw ghHf;Fk; NghJ> mtH jd;Dila gazj;ij Xtpaq;fis Nghghy; mUNf \ ,ilepWj;jp ,e;j tpj;jpahrkhd ghiw hkyh kiyfSf;Fr; nry;Yk; mikg;Gf;fisf; fz;Lgpbj;jhH. kPjp> mtHfs; midj;J topapYk; fhzyhk;. $wpaJ Nghy;> tuyhW MFk;. mtH> xU jyq;fs; Mtzg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;s tUlk; fopj;J kPzL ; k; te;jhH> xU khztH NghjpYk;> mtw;iw miltJ FOTld; NrHe;Jnfhz;lhH. Ma;T rupahd fbdkhf cs;sJ. vdNt> rpy Neuj;jpy; Muk;gpf;fg;gl;l NghJk; 1970-,y; ghHitahsHfis kl;LNk mq;F xU tpupthd Ma;twpf;if jahupf;fg;gLk; ghHf;f KbAk;. me;jj; jyj;ijr; tiu mJ myl;rpakhfNt nrd;wJ. jyj;jpy; nrd;wilAk; Jzpr;rYs;stHfs; fhzg;gl;l fUtpfs; mjd; goq;fhyk; kw;Wk; rpwe;j nghf;fp\q;fisg; fhytupiria ntspg;gLj;Jfpd;wd. ghHf;f KbAk;.

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

n

35

n

Like MEA INDIA

Follow @MEAINDIA

Channel MEA INDIA

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

Kd;Ndw;wk;

mjidj; njspe;jwpjy;>

tiufiy top

tz;zkpF kw;Wk; tpsf;fg;glq;fs;; epiwe;j> ,e;jpa tdtpyq;F ruzhyaq;fspd; tiufiy tiuglq;fs; xU ftHr;rpfukhd fz;Zf;fpdpa Rw;Wg;gazj;jpw;F cq;fis mioj;Jr;nry;Yk; ciu | Ne`hupfh khJH rpd;`h

,e;jpahtpd; tlfpof;Fg; gFjpapy; ghHitapy;> ejpfs;> Xilfs;> mrhkpYs;s kdh]; Njrpag; g+q;fh Fd;Wfs;> tpyq;Ffs; kw;Wk; mtw;wpd; kw;Wk; mUzhr;ry tho;tplq;fNshL ,ize;j gpuNjrj;jpYs;s gf;fp jhtuq;fspd; g+q;fh Gypfs; fhg;gfk; mikg;G midj;Jk; midj;J Mfpait fljhrpapy; njspthf tpupthfg; Nfypr;rpj;jpuq;fisAk; xU Gjpa milahsj;ijg; glk;gpbf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. ngw;Ws;sd> mJ fk;guP khd rpwg;Gfspy; td Nfypr;rpj;jpuf; midtiuAk; <Hj;J> ntwpj;j xU fhl;L ahid fiyQH Nuh`d; tpopg;GzHtpd; msit kw;Wk; gwf;f jahuhf rf;utHj;jp mjpfupf;fpwJ. ,e;j cs;s xU gy;y]; kPd; cUthf;fpdhH ,uz;L ruzhyaq;fspd; fOF cl;gl kpFjpahd tiufiyapyhd tpyq;FfSf;F kj;jpapy; nropg;g ; hd tiuglq;fs;> goq;Fb cilfspy; rkPgj;jpy; njhlq;fg;gl;l ,e;jpa md;whl Ntiyfspy; <Lgl;Ls;s tdtpyq;F mwf;fl;lisahy; (WTI) mg;gFjpf;Fupa ehl;Lg;Gw eldj;ijAk; eilKiwgLj;jg;gl;Ls;sd. Kjy; ePqf ; s; ghHf;f KbAk;. tiuglq;fspy;

rpWj;ijg;Gyp

m];]hkp Fuq;F

Ntbf;ifahd cz;ik: RWRWg;ghd rpWj;ijg;Gyp 20 mb tiu jhtpf; Fjpf;ff; $baJ tho;tplk;: fhLfs; WCN epiy: mopAk; jWthapy; cs;sJ

Ntbf;ifahd cz;ik: xU m];]hkp Fuq;F xU ,ir ~gpNah| tho;tplk;: ntg;gtyaf; fhLfs; WCN epiy: mopAk; jWthapy; cs;sJ

,e;jpa juprdk;

n

36

n

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

tq;f GNshupf;fd;

Ny];]H ml;[{td;a; (rpwpa cjtp mjpfhup)

Ntbf;ifahd cz;ik: Mz; GNshupf;fd; xU Jizia Ntbf;ifahd cz;ik: Mq;fpNyaHfs; <Hf;f cauk; gha;fpwJ mjd; fk;gPukhd eil %yk; cjtp tho;tplk;: caHe;j> jpwe;j mjpfhup vdg; ngaupl;ldH Gy;ntspfs; tho;tplk;: Vupfs;> MWfs; kw;Wk; WCN epiy: tpiutpy; mope;J fhLfs; tUfpwJ WCN epiy: eyptile;jit

Forest Department/Anti-poaching Camp Threatened/Vulnerable/Endangered Fauna Indo-Bhutanese Border Park Boundary Water Body Grassland

MANAS NATIONAL PARK

ASSAM

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

n

37

n

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

Kd;Ndw;wk;

ARUNACHAL PRADESH PAKKE TIGER RESERVE

Forest Department/Anti-poaching Camp Village Core Area Boundary Threatened / Vuluerable / Endangered Fauna

,e;jpa juprdk;

n

38

n

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

,e;jpa ahid

Gyp

Ntbf;ifahd cz;ik: ahidapd; Jk;gpf;ifapy; 60>000 jirfs; cs;sd tho;tplk;: fhLfs; kw;Wk; Gy;ntspfs; WCN epiy: mUfptUfpd;wd

Ntbf;ifahd cz;ik: Nfhl;L tbtq;fs; Gypaplk; ,Ue;J Gypf;F NtWgLfpd;wd tho;tplk;: fhLfs; WCN epiy: mUfptUfpd;wd

Xw;iwf; nfhk;G fhz;lhkpUfk; Ntbf;ifahd cz;ik: gUkdhd NghjpYk;> fhz;lhkpUfj;jhy; kzpf;F 40 fp.kP Ntfj;jpy; Xl KbAk; tho;tplk;: rJg;G kw;Wk; Gy;ntspfs; WCN epiy: eyptile;jJ

flkhd; Ntbf;ifahd cz;ik: vr;rupf;ifapd; NghJ Fiuj;J xypnaOg;gf; $baJ tho;tplk;: fhLfs; WCN epiy: eyptile;jJ

tiufiy gad;gLj;Jtjhy;> ehk;> kf;fs; Gs;spapy; ,Ue;J ghHf;Fk; NghJ mwpitf; kw;Wk; fyhr;rhuk; Nghd;w mNj g+q;fhtpy; nfhLf;fpwJ. mtHfs; tiuglj;Jld; NrHj;J gy;Yapiu rpj;jpupf;f KbAk;> g+q;fhf;fisr;; ghlrhiyfSf;F mope;JNghFk; my;yJ Rw;wp thOk; r%fq;fs; ,e;j gy;YapH mUfpg;NghFk; tpyq;fpdq;fs; gl;baiyAk; ghJfhg;gpy; kpfg; ngupa gq;FjhuHfs; MtH>" mDg;Gfpd;wdH. mjdhy; khztHfs; vd;fpwhH WTI-,d;; ,iz ,af;FdH kw;Wk; ,dq;fisg; gw;wp mwpa KbAk;. ,it> ngupa jiyik re;ijg;gLj;jy; mjpfhup &gh fhe;jp. tiuglj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk; Nfypr;rpj;jpuq;fs; xt;nthU ,uz;L tiuglq;fisAk; MFk;> vdNt xU Ntbf;ifahfNt cUthf;fg;gl %d;W khjq;fs; gpbf;Fk;. tptfhuj;ij khztHfs; fw;ff; $bajhf tdtpyq;Ffs; vjpHnfhs;Sk; jdpj;jdpahff; fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sd. mr;RWj;jy;fs; mjd; epy kdh]; Njrpag; g+q;fhtpd; mikg;G> gz;ghL kw;Wk; EioT thapypy; xU ngupa kdh]; Njrpag; ghJfhg;Gg; gpur;rpidfisg; Gupe;J tiugl tpsk;guj;ij WTI g+q;fhtpd; nfhs;s fiyQH g+q;fhtpy; Neuk; tpiutpy e ; pWtTs;sJ. nrytpl Ntz;Lk;. tdj;Jiw "And];Nfh cyf ghuk;gupa EioT mjpfhupfs;> r%fq;fs; kw;Wk; jyq;fspd;; "Mgj;jpYs;sit" thapypy; xU vkJ gpuhe;jpa fsg; gzpahsHfs; gl;baYf;F ntspNa kdhi] ngupa tiugl KjypNahUldhd $l;lq;fs; f; nfhz;Ltu> WTI kw;Wk; tpsk;guj;ij ,g;gzpapy; xU gFjpahf mjd; $l;lhsp epWtdkhd cs;sd" vd tptupf;fpwhH fhe;jp. tpyq;Ffs; eyj;jpw;fhd rHtNjr WTI tpiutpy; fy;tpahsHfs; kj;jpapy; epjpak; (IFAW) Mfpait mrhk; epWtTs;sJ. tiuGfSf;F <Hg;Gs;sJ. WTI tdj;Jiw> cs;SH njhz;L ,f;fUJNfhis ftdj;jpy; epWtdq;fs;> r%fq;fs; nfhz;L> tiuglq;fspy; rpj;jupf;fg;gl;l kw;Wk; Ml;rp - NghNlhNyz;l; gpuNjr tpyq;F ,ay;Gfis ghlrhiyg; rig Kjypatw;Wld; NrHe;J cioj;jd> nghUl;fs; cs;slf;fp tpopg;g+l;liyf; kdh]py; ,e;j tiuglj;ij ntspapLtJ nfhz;Lte;Js;sdH. cjhuzj;jpw;F> mg;gFjp kf;fspd; nfhz;lhl;lj;jpw;F xU xU rhu]; nfhf;F Rtnuhl;bahdJ fhuzkhf cs;sJ. ,jid rhj;jpakf;f> ehk; $LfisAk; Foe;ijg; gwitfisAk; ghLgl;ljd; tpisthf moptpy; tpspk;gpypUe;J ghJfhf;f kf;fspilNa $H czHr;rpia kPzL ; s;s Kf;fpa ,dq;fis me;j tiuglk; cz;lhf;FfpwJ. kw;Wk; Jj;th Gypfs; rpj;jupf;fpwJ vd;fpwhH fhe;jp. ,jw;fpilapy;> ruzhyaj;jpy; cs;s \k;\H vdg;gLk; Gyp Nkg;gpq; nray;Kiwfs; kj;jpa ,e;jpahtpy; ghj;jpuk; gw;wpa xU eifr;Ritg; Gj;jfk; cs;s tdtpyq;F ruzhyaq;fspy; cs;sJ> mij xU ,aw;iftpUk;gpapd; ,g;NghJ cs;sd.

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

n

39

n

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

Kd;Ndw;wk;

Kd;Ndwpr; nry;Yk;

,e;jpa ,uh[je;jpuk;

gpujkH jpU eNue;jpu Nkhbapd; jiyikapYs;s ,e;jpa Gjpa murhq;fj;jpd; ,uh[je;jpu uPjpahd gpuahzk; ehl;Lf;Fk; mjd; kf;fSf;Fk; mjd; nrhe;j cupikapYs;s xU mfj;J}z;Ljy; MFk; ciu | kdp\; re;j;

Vl;bYs;sthNw mJ eLr;rhkj;jpy; fpilj;j Rje;jpukhf mike;jJ. fbfhuk; (a+iy-1 – Xf];w; 1) es;spuitf; fle;J nry;ifapy;> ,e;jpahTk; gq;fshNj\{k; Ml;rpahSk; gug;Gfisg; gupkhw;wpf; nfhz;ljhy; kpfr; rpwpa jPTfspy; tbj;j Mapuf; fzf;fhd kf;fs; fhj;jpUe;j xU Gjpa tpbay; cjakhfp> 68 tUl fhy vy;iyr; rz;ilf;F xU KbT nfhz;L tug;gl;lJ. Ml;rpg; gug;Gfspd; Kiwahd gupkhw;wk;> me;j ,U ehLfspYk; 162 Ml;rpg; gug;Gfspy; trpf;Fk; RkhH 51>000 kf;fSf;F ek;gpf;ifAk;; nfsutKk; cs;s xU Gjpa tho;fi ; f fpilf;Fnkd cWjpaspf;fpwJ. epiykhw;w ,uh[je;jpukhdJ rhjhuz kf;fspd; tho;fi ; ffspy; czuj;jf;f

,e;jpa juprdk;

n

40

n

nrg;uk;gH–xf;NuhgH 2015

jhf;fj;Jld;> kw;nwhU ehl;Lldhd kdTWjpiaAk; kdj;jpUg;jpiaAk; khw;WtJ gw;wpajhf ,Ue;jjhy;> mJ Gjpa tha;gG ; fs; epiwe;jpUf;fpd;w epiykhw;wj; jUzkhf mike;jJ. gq;fshNj\{ldhd epy vy;iyg; Ngr;R vd;gJ ,e;jpa murhq;fj;jpw;F mjd; gf;fj;J ehl;Lldhd mjd; cwTfis epiykhw;Wtjw;F mjd; ngupa J}uNehf;Fg; ghHitapd; xU gFjpahFk;. ,J fle;j tUlk; GJby;ypapd; jd;Dila gjtpNaw;G tpohTf;F rhHf; ehLfspd; jiytHfSf;F gpujkH jpU eNue;jpu Nkhb miog;G tpLj;jJld; njhlq;fpaJ. gpd;njhlUk; khjq;fspy;> fz;Kd;Nd Vuhskhd rthy;fs; ,Ue;jhYk; $l> mq;F ,e;jpa ,uh[je;jpuj;jpw;F

mjd; Rw;wpAs;s ehLfspy; cWjpahd rhjidfSk; fpilj;Js;sd: Neghsk;> ,yq;if> gq;fshNj\; Mfpa ehLfSld; ,e;jpahtpd; cwTfs; epiykhwp> caHT fz;Ls;sd> ,ijj; jhd; ntspehl;L mYty;fs; mikr;rH R\;kh ];tuh[;> Transformational Diplomacy vd;w ifNal;by; ‘Rje;jpukhfr; nraw;gLk; jpwd;> fw;gidj;jpwd; kw;Wk; jPtpuj;jpd; Gjpa mwpT Gfl;ly;” vd;W $wpAs;shH. ,f;ifNalhdJ kPzn ; lOfpd;w ,e;jpahtpd; ntspehl;Lf; nfhs;ifg; ghHitia tpsf;fpf; $wp> gpd;tUk; ntspehl;L mYty;fs; mikr;rpd; ,izaj; jsj;jpy; fpilf;fpd;w> gh.[.f jiyikapyhd NDA murhq;fk; mjd; Kjy; tUlg; gjtpf; fhyj;jpy; <l;ba Kf;fpa rhjidfisg; gl;baypLfpwJ.

rHtNjr muq;fpy; vijr; nra;a KbAk; kw;Wk; rhjpf;f KbAk; vd;gjw;fhd vy;iyia caHj;jpAs;sJ” vd;W me;jf; ifNal;bd; Kd;Diuapy; mikr;rH Fwpg;gpLfpwhH. mtek;gpf;ifthjpfs; vg;NghJk; cz;ikia kOg;gyhk;> Mdhy; gyd;fs; mtHfSf;fhff; fijf;fpd;wd> NkYk; mnkupf;fh> u\;ah> [g;ghd; kw;Wk; rPdh cl;gl;l Kf;fpa $l;lhsHfSldhd cwTfs; kw;Wk; ];jpuj;jd;ik tpuptile;jpUg;gJk;; cyfpYs;s gpujhd mjpfhu ikaq;fSldhd cwTfs; Nky;Nehf;fpa Nghf;fpy; ,Ug;gJk; gpujpgypf;fg;gLfpwJ. NeHj;jpaha; rkepiyapy; itf;fg;gl;l gy;tupirf; nfhs;ifapy;> ,e;jpa-mnkupf;f cwthdJ jdJ Ke;ija [http://mea.gov.in/Uploads/ ,Ukdg;Nghf;iff; iftpl;L> PublicationDocs/25299_2365_1_English_ Ie;J khjq;fSf;Fs; ,U ehl;Lj; epiykhw;w final__2_.pdf (Mq;fpyk;) and http://mea.gov. jiytHfSk; Nkw;nfhz;l ,uh[je;jpuk; xU in/Uploads/PublicationDocs/25299_FINAL_ Kjy;Kiwahd ,U-top MEA_BOOK_-_HINDI.pdf (,e;jp) kw;Wk; tp[aq;fSld; xU Gjpa cw;rhf%l;Lk; ISSUU [http://issuu.com/indiandiplomacy/docs/ nghWg;igg; ngw;wd. ,Njkhjpupahf> tUlkhf pdf-_english (Mq;fpyk;) kw;Wk; http:// rPdhTld; nrhe;jehl;L ,uh[je;jpuk; mike;Js;sJ issuu.com/indiandiplomacy/docs/pdf-_hindi kw;Wk; xd;gJ khjq;fSf;Fs; ,U (,e;jp)]. ehl;Lj; jiytHfspdJk; tp[aq;fs; ,e;jf; ifNalhdJ> tp[aq;fs;> Clhf jdJ cwTfisr; Ngr;RthHj;ijfs;> GJ Kaw;rpfisf; fz;lwpe;J nraw;gLj;jj; J}z;bAs;sjhy;> E}w;whz;L xd;WNrHe;J gzpahw;Wk; ,uh[je;jpuk; kw;Wk; fhykhf vjpHghHf;fg;gl;l xU Mrpaf;; fdT mgptpUj;jp Clhf cynfq;FKs;s 101 edthfpAs;sJ. fpof;Nf ghH nfhs;ifahdJ> ehLfSld; ,e;jpah NgzptUk; Kw;nraw;ghLs;s tzpfk;> KjyPL> njhopw;Jiw kw;Wk; ntw;wp,e;jpa ,uh[je;jpuj;ijj; njspthf ntw;wp tha;gG ; fspd; tiyapy; Mrpahd; kw;Wk; tpsf;FfpwJ. fpof;F Mrpag; gpuNjrj;Jld; ,e;jpahit “mgptpUj;jpapy; typikahd nry;thf;Fr; xUq;fpizf;Fk; mw;wiyf; nfhz;l xU Gjpa nrYj;Jk; tifapy;> Gjpa iky;fw;fs; kw;Wk; J}uNehf;ifAk; Nguhw;wiyAk; nfhz;l fpof;Nf Gjpa nranyy;iyfs; %yk; milahskpl;Ls;s nraw;gL nfhs;ifahf cUkhwpaJ. Nkw;Nf ghH epiykhw;w ,uh[je;jpuk; xU cw;rhf%l;Lk; nfhs;ifahdJ> INuhg;ghtpYs;s ,e;jpahtpd; tUlkhf mike;Js;sJ - ,J ,e;jpahthy; Kf;fpa tpa+ff; $l;lhsHfspd; ,U ehLfshd

nrg;uk;gH–xf;NuhgH 2015

n

41

n

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

Kd;Ndw;wk;

gpuhd;Rf;Fk; n[Hkdpf;Fk; gpujk ke;jpup Nkw;nfhz;l tp[aq;fspy; njspthd fUj;ijf; fz;Lgpbj;jJ. VO kpy;ypaid tpl mjpfkhd typa Gyk;ngaH ,e;jpaHfspd; ciwtplkhd Nkw;F MrpahTldhd ,e;jpahtpd; gytifg;gl;l cwTfs; vg;NghJk; NghyNt tPupakhfNt njhlHfpd;wd.

KjyhtJ rHtNjr Nahfh jpdf; nfhz;lhl;lq;fspy; xU cyfshtpa kPSWjpg;ghl;ilf; fz;lwpe;jJ. ifNuhtpypUe;J rpfhNfh tiuAk; ehf;g+upypUe;J GJby;yp tiuAk; Nuhf;NahtpypUe;J nkh];Nfh tiuAk; rhNth ght;NyhtpypUe;J rpq;fg;g+H tiuAk; ml;b]; mghghtpypUe;J uh\;nfd;w; tiuAk; ele;j ,f;nfhz;lhl;lq;fs; Guhjd fhyj;jpw;Fupa ,e;j gpuahzk; njhlHfpwJ kdk; kw;Wk; clw; gapw;rpfs; kPJ cyFf;F cs;s NDA murhq;fj;jpd; ,uz;lhk; Mz;L ,uh[je;jpuk; MHtj;ijg; giwrhw;wpd.

NkYk; vjpHghHg;Gs;sjhfj; Njhd;WfpwJ> vjpHfhyj;ijg; ghHj;jhy;> I.eh ghJfhg;Gr; ,e;jpahtpd; vOe;JtUk; cyfshtpa rigapy; xU epue;ju ,Uf;iff;fhf tptuj;jpw;Fk; mjd; Kf;fpa mgptpUj;jp ,e;jpah tpLf;Fk; Ntz;LNfhs; Kd;DupikfSf;Fk; ,d;wpaikahj ,e;j tUlk; nrg;uk;gupy; elf;fTs;s ,e;jpa ,uh[je;jpu gpuNjrq;fs; kPJ rupahd ftdj;ijr; me;j mikg;gpd; 70tJ tUlf; ehl;fhl;bapYs;s nrYj;JfpwJ. a+iy khjj;jpy; jpU nfhz;lhl;lq;fspy; GJg;gpf;fg;gLk; vd Nkhb Ie;J kj;jpa Mrpa ehLfSf;Fk; vjpHghHf;fg;gLfpwJ. 2015-,y; ,e;jpa caH Gs;sp Nkw;nfhz;l tp[ak;- ,e;jpaj; jiytH ,uh[je;jpu ehl;fhl;bapYs;s caH vd;dntd;why;> xUtuhy; nra;ag;gl;l Kjd; Rw;WyhGs;sp vd;dntd;why;> xf;Nuhgupy; ,e;jpa-Mgpupf;f kw;Wk; SCO ,d; xU cWg;gpduhf GJby;ypapy; elf;fTs;s ,e;jpa-Mgpupf;f kd;w cr;rpkhehL ,e;jpahtpd; NrHf;if Mfpait kd;w cr;rpkhehL MFk;. 54 ehLfspdJk; MFk; ,e;j cj;jpuPjpahf mike;Js;s jiytHfis Kjd;Kiwahf ,e;jpah rf;jp tsKs;s gpuNjrj;Jldhd cgrupf;fpwJ vd;gjhy;> tskpFe;j gy;Kf cwTfspd; Gj;JapHg;Gf;fhd fz;lj;Jldhd cwTfis ,e;jpah Gjpa tha;gG ; fisj; jpwe;Jtpl;Ls;sJ. ,e;jpa Nkk;gLj;Jk; xU epiykhw;wj; jUzkhf ,J tq;fpapayhsiuj; jiytuhfTk; gpupf;i]j; ,Uf;Fk;. ,ijg; gw;wp vOjpa ntspehl;L mikr;rH jhq;Ftjw;fhf ,e;jpahtpd; 10-Kid tha;gg ; hl;ilAk; R\;kh ];tuh[; kpifahf vijAk; $whky; ,t;thW nfhz;L Gjpa mgptpUj;jp tq;fpapd; Muk;gk; cz;ikiaNa njuptpj;Js;shH: ‘,dptuTs;s MdJ cyf tupirapy; Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ij vl;Lk; khjq;fspYk; tUlq;fspYk; mjpf rf;jpiaAk; Xq;fpa ,e;jpahtpd; Kw;nraw;ghLs;s ,uh[je;jpuj;ijr; FuiyAk; ,e;jpahtpd; epiykhw;w ,uh[je;jpuk; Rl;bf;fhl;LfpwJ. ,e;jpahtpd; nkd; Mw;wypd; JspHg;G> ngWnkd vjpHghHf;fTk;”.

uh\;l;ugjp gtdpy; ,e;jpahtpd; 15tJ gpujkuhf rj;jpag; gpukhzk; vLf;Fk; jpU eNue;jpu Nkhb

,e;jpa juprdk;

n

42

n

nrg;uk;gH–xf;NuhgH 2015

Nahfh cyfj;

juj;ij ,izf;fpwJ Nahfh vd;gJ Mrdq;fisg; gw;wpaJ kl;Lky;y. ,J ,J Mj;khTf;Fk; clYf;Fk; rPupa rkepiyiaf; nfhz;LtUk; Md;kf P tpQ;Qhdk;> KjyhtJ rHtNjr Nahfh jpdk; (a+d; 21 md;W) vg;gbf; nfhz;lhlg;gl;lJ vd;gJ gw;wpa rpwg;G tplaq;fs;

jpU eNue;jpu Nkhb GJby;yp uh[;ghj;jpy; Nahfh nra;fpwhH

A US national performing yoga Yoga is a metaphor for life. You have to take it really slowly.

You can’t rush... It is a workout for your mind, your body and your soul MADONNA

It don’t just make us happier and healthier, they’re a proven competitive advantage for any business that wants one.

ARIANNA HUFFINGTON

Yoga calms me down. It’s a therapy session, a workout, and meditation all at the same time!

JENNIFER ANISTON

The whole thing about meditation and yoga is about connecting to the higher part of yourself, and then seeing that every living thing is connected in some way GILLIAN ANDERSON

As a longtime yoga practitioner, I have experienced the positive impacts of yoga on my own life TUSLI GABBARD

Two Israelis try a difficult asana in Tel Aviv Mindful meditation has been discovered to foster the ability to inhibit those very quick emotional impulses DANIEL GOLEMAN

Ashtanga yoga has completely changed me. I try to do it every day, and the effect is amazing. It’s not just during the hours that I’m practising. It’s about how it filters through into the rest of my life. Who I am has emerged, and everything else has gone by the wayside GWYNETH PALTROW

Yoga is the fountain of youth. You’re only as young as your spine is flexible BOB HARPER

Yoga and meditation are such a more substantial reality than what we normally take to be reality RICHARD GERE

I walked away feeling fuller .... full of hope, a sense of contentment, and deep joy.

OPRAH WINFREY

Germany

England Canada

Kenya Egypt Switzerland

France

USA

Macedonia

Australia

Syr

ria

Belgium

Japan

Indonesia

Madagascar

Argentina

Norway

Malaysia

Brazil

Belize

Bahrain

Afghanistan

Uzbekistan

Saudi Arabia

Palestine

Jordan

Italy

Israel

China

Cambodia

Nicaragua

kjpg;gha;T

gpnua;ypapy; Nahfh

topfhl;b

gpnua;ypapy; te;jpUf;Fk; njhl;Lzuf;$ba Nahfpfh];ghH\; vd;w E}y;> fz;ghHitf; FiwghLs;s Nahfh MHtyHfs; Mrdq;fis vspjpy; fw;Wzu cjTtij ,yf;fhf; nfhz;bUf;fpwJ

fz;ghHitf; FiwghLs;stHfs; Nahfhitf; $ba gjpg;gpy; tupg;glq;fs; cs;sd> fw;fTk;> gapw;rp nra;aTk; cjTtjw;fhf> mit tpNrl #L cz;lhf;Fk; fljhrpapy; ,e;jpa ghuk;gupa r%fk; MdJ gpnua;ypapy; Gilg;GUthfr; nra;ag;gl;Ls;sd> mtw;wpd; te;jpUf;Fk; njhl;Lzuf;$ba Nahfpfh];ghH\; nghUisf; fz;Lgpbg;gJ Rygk; MFk;. ,e;E} vd;w E}iy mz;ikapy; mwpKfg;gLj;jpaJ. ypYs;s njhl;Lzuf; $ba fpuh/gpf;Ffis Gfo;ngw;w Iaq;fhH Nahfh Mrpupauhd epNtjpjh mjpy; rpwg;Gtha;ej ; ikakhd I.I.up by;yp N[h\p %yk; I.I.up by;yp tpQ;QhdpfSld; cUthf;fpAs;s mNjNtis> gpnua;yp jahupg;Gk; cWJizAld; vOjg;gl;l xUq;fpizg;Gk; rf;rhk; l;u];w; ,e;j E}y;> cynfq;Fk; %yk; nra;ag;gl;ld. gue;Js;s Nfhbf; gpnua;yp jhs; gjpg;Gf;F fzf;fhd fz;ghHitf; ,e;jpahtpy; & 800 tpiyAk;> FiwghLs;stHfSf;F rHtNjrg; gjpg;Gf;F 40 cjTk; vd;W mnkupf;f nlhyH tpiyAk; vjpHghHf;fg;gLfpwJ. epHzapf;fg;gl;Ls;s Nahfpfh];ghH\; E} Nahfpfh];ghH\; MdJ y; a+d; khj Muk;gj;jpy; Nahfh xOf;fg;gapw;rp Clhf ,e;jpa [dhjpgjp fyhepjp thrfHfSf;F topfhl;Lk; xU gpuzhg; KfH[p mtHfshy; Kaw;rpahFk;. ,J Iaq;fhH uh];lu; gjp gtdpy; itj;J mikg;G mbg;gilahd ntspaplg;gl;lJ. me;epfo;tpy; Mrdq;fisf; nfhz;bUf;fpwJ. ciuahw;wpa mtH> nghUl;fisr; rpwg;ghd ‘Nahfh vd;gJ xU fiy> tifapy; ghtid nra;jYk; tpQ;Qhdk; kw;Wk; jj;Jtk;> tupirg;gLj;jYk; fhl;rp uPjpahd mJ jd;dpiyawpjiy rthyhf mike;j Njitfis miltjw;fhf cly;> kdk; kdjpy; itj;jpUf;Fk; kw;Wk; Mj;khtpd; Mw;wy;fis tifapy; nra;ag;gl;Ls;sd. epNtjpjh N[h\p vOjpa xd;WNrHf;f cjTfpwJ. ,jpy; ghtpf;fg;gl;Ls;s cj;jpfs; ,e;E}y; Nfhbf; xUtupd; cly;> kd> ePjp kw;Wk; Nahfh nra;gtUf;F ek;gpf;ifia fzf;fhd fz;ghHitf; Md;kf P ey;tho;Tf;fhd g+uz mspf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;w ,yf;iff; tpilia toq;FtJ mNefkhf nfhz;Ls;sd> vdNt mit FiwghLs;stHfSf;F Nahfh xd;W jhd;” vdj; mtHfis gbg;gbahf> Mdhy; cjTk; vd;W njuptpj;jhH. Kiwahd Kd;Ndw;wj;Jld; vjpHghHf;fg;gLfpwJ gpnua;yp kw;Wk; njhl;Lzuf; topfhl;Lfpd;wd> vy;yhtw;Wf;Fk; $ba mr;rpLjy; mikg;G Mfpa Nkyhf ];jpuj;jd;ikAld; $ba ,uz;bYk; tbf;fg;gl;Ls;s mirAk; jd;ik. ,J kdpj ,e;j topfhl;b tpsf;fg;glq;fs; kw;Wk; ciuapd; tho;tpd; cr;r ,yf;fhd jd;dpiyawpjYf;F tupfisj; jlkwptjd; %yk; Nahfhitg; gapw;rp topfhl;Lfpd;w Nahfh gpuahzj;jpw;fhd xU nra;a gadHfSf;F cjTfpwJ. L;njhl;Lzuf; mwpKfkhfTk; Nritahw;WfpwJ.

nrg;uk;gH–xf;NuhgH 2015

n

51

n

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

tpkHrdk;

,e;jpag; JUg;Gfs; kw;Wk;

cyfg; NghH

ntspehl;L mYty;fs; mikr;rpd; nghJ ,uh[je;jpu Kjy; Kaw;rpahd 51 epkplq;fSf;F XLk; jp fpNuw; NthH (1914-1918) vd;w Mtzg;glk;> Kjyhk; cyfg; NghUld; njhlHghd rpy mupa cz;ikfis ntspr;rj;jpw;Ff; nfhz;LtUfpwJ ciu | ep\he;j; t\p\;jh

Kjyhk; cyfg; Nghupd; fhuzkhf 1914 cj;jpfs; tiu gpd;DfpwJ. ,w;Fk; 1918 ,w;Fk; ,ilapy; cyfj;jpy; ,e;j Mtzg; glk;> INuhg;ghitAk; Jd;gKk; mopTNk Ml;nfhz;bUe;jd vd;W ,Wjpahf cyfj;ijAk; kpf Nkhrkhd vy;yhUf;FNk njupAk;. Mdhy; cyfg; Nghupy; NghHfspy; xd;Wf;F ,l;Lr;nrd;w ,e;jpaj; JUg;Gfspd; gq;F gw;wp NkYk; M];jpupahtpd; MHf;^f; gpuhd;]; / mwpe;Jnfhs;s xUtH tpUk;gpdhy;> Fiwthd ngHbdhe;jpd; gLnfhiyAld; Muk;gpf;fpwJ. jfty;fNs fpilf;fpd;wd. n[duy; (Xa;T) tp.Nf rpq;> Nf.rp ahjt;> Kjyhk; cyfg; Nghupy; (WWI) ,e;jpaj; gfthd;; Nkf;ehj; Njrha;> NguhrpupaH Rfjh JUg;Gfspd; gq;Fgw;wy; gw;wp Ngh];> fg;ld; (Xa;T) mkupe;jH NkYk; mwpe;Jnfhs;tjw;F> fpy;> Ntjpfh fhe;j>; NguhrpupaH ,\hdp jj;jhtpd; ,e;j 51 ];uhd;yp> kfhuh[h fh[; rpq; gpd;dzp ,irAk;> epkpl Mtzg;glj;ij xUtH II kw;Wk; gyupd; fijfs; rhe;jkhd ghHf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,j;jpiug;glk;> KOjhf epug;Gfpd;wd. gpd;dzpf;FuYk; Nghupy; gq;Fgw;wpa ,e;jpaj; Mtzg;glj;jpy; xU rpy Fwpg;gplg;gLfpd;w JUg;Gfs; vOjpa fbjq;fspd; gpupl;ld; ehl;ltj;jtHfs; me;j tp~aq;fSf;Fk; Clhf xU ,izg;igf; cl;gl capiuj; fl;bnaOg;GfpwJ. mtHfs; jpahfk; nra;tjtHfspd; Gs;sptptuq;fSf;Fk; jhk; flikahw;Wk; ,lq;fs; topj;Njhd;wy;fs; toq;fpa KOikaspf;fpd;wd kw;Wk; vjpHNehf;fpa gy;NtW njhFg;GfSk; cs;sd. tpNrl rthy;fs; gw;wp vq;fSf;Ff; mk;rq;fspy; xd;W> ngHypdpy; $WfpwhHfs;. RUf;fkhd fijtupahdJ> ,e;jpag; NghHf; ifjpfshy; nra;ag;gl;l gq;Fgw;w JUg;Gfspd; tpUg;gj;jpy; njhlq;fp mupa glq;fspd; fhl;rp kw;Wk; mtw;wpd; Rje;jpukhf tzpfk; elj;j jha;ehl;Lf;Fj; cz;ikahd xypg; gjpTfs; MFk;> ,it jpUk;gpaJ> Jzpthd rk;gtq;fs; kw;Wk; ,d;W tiu ghJfhf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. jpahff; fijfs;> rk;ghjpj;j gjf;fq;fs; ,e;j Mtzg;glk;> cyfg; Nghupy; ,e;jpaj; kw;Wk; ,e;jpaj; JUg;Gfis mtHfSila JUg;Gfspd; gq;fspg;Gfs; gw;wp Gyd; kupahijahd gf;fq;fis itj;jpUf;Fk; Nerg; tprhuiz nra;a tpUk;GgtHfSf;Fupa xU gilfs; kw;Wk; Kf;$l;L Mfpa ,uz;bdJk; mwpT tq;fpahfr; Nritahw;WfpwJ.

Mtzg;glj;jpd; epow;glq;fs;

,e;jpa juprdk;

n

52

n

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

rikaw;fiy

nfhz;lhl;l

fhyk

nfhz;lhl;l Neuk; te;Jtpl;lJ> ,ijr; re;Njh\khf mDgtpf;f kpfr; rpwe;j top cq;fSila RitaUk;GfSf;F tpUe;jspg;gJ jhd;. ,tw;iwr; rikj;Jg; ghUq;fs;… uhNrjH MY jahupg;G Neuk; 20 epkplq;fs;@ rikf;Fk; Neuk; 30-40 epkplq;fs;@ 4 NgUf;Fg; gupkhwyhk; Njitahd nghUl;fs; 1 fpNyh mtpj;j cUisf;fpoq;Ffs;> 4 Nj.f nte;jak;> 1 Nj.f rPufk;> 2 nrj;jy; kpsfha;> 1 Gupahzp ,iy> 2 fWg;G Vyf;fha;fs;> 5-6 kpsF> 3-4 fuhk;Gfs;> 1” fWth> 1” rpwpjhf ntl;ba ,Q;rp> 2 Jz;lhf;fg;gl;l gr;ir kpsfha;fs;> 2 Nj.f kQ;rs; J}s;> 1 Nj.f nrj;jy; kpsfha;j; J} s;> 1 Nk.f ky;ypj; J}s;> Urpf;Nfw;g cg;G> 4 NjhYupj;J ntl;ba jf;fhsp> 34 Ftis NahfHl;> Njitf;Nfw;g jz;zHP kw;Wk; moFgLj;Jtjw;fhf 1 Nk.f rpwpjhf eWf;fpa ky;ypapiy nra;Kiw vz;nzia jhr;rpr; rl;bapy; tpl;Lr; #lhf;fTk;. nte;jak;> rPufk;> nrj;jy; kpsfha;fs;> Gupahzp ,iy> fWg;G Vyf;fha;fs;> kpsF> fuhk;G kw;Wk; fWth Kjypatw;iw mjpy; NrHf;fTk;. thrk; tUk; tiu nghupf;fTk;. ,Q;rp> kpsfha;> kQ;rs;> kpsfha;jJ ; }s;> ky;ypj; J}s; kw;Wk; cg;G Kjypatw;iwr; NrHf;fTk;. 30-40 epkplq;fSf;Ff; fyf;fTk;. jf;fhspfisr; NrHj;J> vz;nza; Nfhopapiwr;rpf; fPiuf; fwp

uhNrjH MY

NkNy kpjf;Fk; tiu mijr; rikf;fTk;. cUisf;fpoq;ifAk; NahfHl;ilAk; NrHf;fTk;. nky;ypa #l;by; Ie;J epkplq;fSf;F tplTk;. Fok;G jbg;ghFtjw;fhf rpy cUisf;fpoq;Ffis krpj;J tplyhk;> Njitf;Nfw;g jz;zi P ur; NrHf;fTk;. %b> 10-15 epkplq;fSf;F nky;ypa #l;bNyNa tplTk;. #lhfg; gupkhwTk;.

Nfhopapiwr;rpf; fPiuf; fwp jahupg;G Neuk; 10 epkplq;fs;@ rikf;Fk; Neuk; 1 kzpj;jpahyk;@ 4 NgUf;Fg; gupkhwyhk; Njitahd nghUl;fs; 8-12 Jz;Lfshf ntl;ba 1 fpNyh Nfhopapiwr;rp> 250 fp. ntl;ba fPiu> 2 gr;ir kpsfha;fs;> 1 Ftis jz;zHP > 2 Nk.f vz;nza;> 1 Nj.f miuj;j cs;sp. 1 Nj.f miuj;j ,Q;rp> 2 Nj.f cg;G nra;Kiw fPiuiaAk; gr;ir kpsfha;fisAk; gpurH Ff;fupy; NghlTk;. L;jz;zHP NrHj;J> mKf;fk; tu tplTk;.

Fiwe;j #l;by; 10 epkplq;fSf;Fr; rikf;fTk;.

Fsputpl;L> %biaj; jpwf;fTk;. fPiuiaf; fyf;fp> XusTf;F krpf;fTk;. vz;nzia jhr;rpr; rl;bapy; tpl;L #lhf;fp> miuj;J itj;Js;s cs;sp kw;Wk; ,Q;rpia mjpy; Nghl;L> thrk; vOk;gp> nghd;dpwkhFk; tiu nghupf;fTk;.

Nfhopapiwr;rpiaAk; cg;igAk; NrHj;J> ey;y nghd; Nghd;w kz;zpwkhf khWk; tiu rikf;fTk;. fPiuiar; NrHj;J> rl;bia ,Wf;fkhf %b> Nfhopapiwr;rp nkd;ikafp> vz;nza; Nkw;gug;gpy; kpje;J tUk; tiu Ntf tplTk;. fPiu Nfhopapiwr;rp kPJ xl;bf;nfhz;L epw;Fk;> ,J Fok;ig tpl tuz;l gjkhf ,Uf;Fk;. #lhfNt gupkhWq;fs;. ed;wp: Fabulous Flavours: Brunch, High Tea, Cocktails> GJby;yp> ntspehl;L mYty;fs; (mikr;rpd;) ];gTr]; fofj;jhy; ntspaplg;gLk; rikay;Gj;jfj; njhlupd; gFjp

nrg;uk;gH–xf;NuhgH 2015

n

53

n

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

rikaw;fiy

rhjhuz czTfspd;

tpaj;jF fijfs;

fpr;rb njhlq;fp fPH tiu kw;Wk; gUg;gpypUe;J my;th kw;Wk; NjePH tiu> murHfSk; rup nghJkf;fSk; rup tpUk;Gfpd;w ,e;jpahtpd; ~nrsfupa| czTj; jl;il tbtikj;j Urp epiwe;j gpuahzj;jpw;F cq;fis mioj;Jr; nry;fpNwhk; ciu | khJspfh lh\;

,e;jpad; rikay; vd;gJ Urpfspd; kw;Wk; rikay; cj;jpfspd; rKj;jpuk;> ,J ~ntspg;gilahf fhurhukhd”> ~ftUk; tifapy; fpuhkpa kzk; fkOk;” kw;Wk; ‘tpupthf murUf;Fupa” vd;nwy;yhk; tptupf;fg;gl;L> tpj;jpahrkhd jUzq;fspy; cyfpy; cs;sJ. ,d;Dk;> ahNuDk; xUtH murupd; rhg;ghl;Liwiaj; jpwe;J> mtH vd;d rhg;gpLfpwhH vd;W ghHj;jhy;> nra;Kiwfspd;

,e;jpa juprdk;

n

54

n

nrg;uk;gH–xf;NuhgH 2015

vspikiag; ghHj;J kiyj;JtpLthH. ,q;F jug;gLgit ntspehLfspy; Mjpf;fk; nrYj;jpa Vuhskhd czTfspy; kpfr; rpwe;j Vw;Wkjpfs; MFk;. fPH MdJ iu]; Gbq; vd;gjhf FaPd] ; y ; hz;il mile;J> tpy;ypak; N\f;]g ; paUf;F tpUg;gkhd cztpy; xd;whf khwpaJ> mtH ,ijg; gw;wp jdJ tpd;uH]; Nuypy; Fwpg;gpl;Ls;shH.

cq;fSf;Fj; njupAkh? fpr;rb MdJ jdJ nghUl;RUf;fj;ij uhk;g+H muritapy; ngw;wJ> mq;F gUg;gpd; Njhw;wj;ij xj;jpUg;gjw;fhf my;kz;l; MdJ muprp kw;Wk; gp];jh Nghy Jz;Lfshf;fg;gl;lJ. ,uz;lhtJ cjtpf;fhd NjHNt ,y;yhky; ,e;j czitr; nra;a 72 kzpj;jpahyq;fs; vLj;jd – ethg;Gf;Ff; $l! fpr;rbia ];ghdpa fg;gNyhl;bfs; ,e;J];jhdpa upnrhw;Nwh vd mioj;jjhff; $wg;gLfpwJ.

fpr;rb mf;guhy; tpUk;gg;gl;L> mTuq;frPgg ; hy; njd;dpe;jpahtpd; nghq;fy; tiu gy;NtW ghuhl;lg;gl;L myhk;fHP vd miof;fg;gLk; tbtq;fisg; ngw;wJ. Iie-mf;ghup fpr;rupahdJ ‘KOikahd czT| vd;W vd;w E}ypy;> mGy; /gh]py; /Ngl;Gup MAHNtjj;jpy; fUjg;gLfpwJ. rpf;upapd; mLg;gbfspy; mf;gH R;rk];fpUjr; nrhy;yhd Ritj;J kfpo;ej ; pUf;ff; $ba fpHruh vd;gjpypUe;J Njhd;wpa fpl;lj;jl;l VOtifahd vspa czTfNs fpr;rbapd; Kjw; gjpg;G fpr;rb jahupg;Gfs; gw;wpf; ntspehl;bd; |$l;Lf; fyit| tbtj;jpy; $WfpwhH. ,J uh[;Gj;jhd gy czTfspy; ,Ue;jJ> mJ tWj;J> ckp ,uhZtj;jpdupd; typikahd nry;thf;Fr; ePff ; pa vs;is ntz;nza; czthfTk; ,Ue;jJ> kw;Wk; cg;Gf; fyitf;Fs; mtHfs; Fuf;fdpy; nra;j nrYj;jpa kpfr; NrHj;J> gpwF muprpAld; fpr;rbiaAk;> cile;j rpwe;j Vw;Wkjpfs; Ntfitj;J cUthf;fg;gl;lJ. muprpapy; nra;j jhupiaAk; murHfSk; murpkhUk; ,e;j nfhz;l irAjhitr; czTf;F moF NrHj;jjhy;> rhg;gpl;lgb gy ehl;fSf;F fpr;rbahdJ %d;W E}w;whz;LfSf;F Kd;G capHtho;eJ ; s;sdH. Mthj; kd;dHfs; ik#upypUe;J cilahH muz;kidapd; ,iwr;rp fye;J nra;ag;gl;l fpr;rbahd mur mLg;gbfspypUe;J te;j rhk;ghH rhjk; N\hty; kw;Wk; Fr;ir cUthf;fp ,jw;F njhlf;fk; ep]hk;fspd; fPkh fpr;rb kw;Wk; NkYnkhU tbtj;ij mspj;jdH.

nrg;uk;gH–xf;NuhgH 2015

n

55

n

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

rikaw;fiy

gUg;G (lhy;) %d;wh NrhNk];tu kd;dH mur nra;Kiwfspd; Guhjd fsQ;rpakd jdJ Gj;jfkhd kdnrhy;yhr vd;gjpy;> ,ijf; nfhz;L ve;j czitr; nra;jhYk; my;yJ ,ij ve;j cztpy; NrHj;jhYk; ,dpikahd thrj;ijAk; RitiaAk; mspf;fpd;w xU ‘Urpkpf;f rikay; eWkzj; jputpak;” vd;W gUg;igg; Gfo;fpwhH. re;jpuFg;j nksupaH fpNuf;f ,sturp n`ydhitj; jpUkzk; nra;jNghJ> me;j tpohtpd; czTg; gl;baypy; Kf;fpa ,lk; gpbj;jpUe;jJ nfhz;ilf; fliy MFk;> ,J gpd;dH xbrhtpd; gpugy FFdpiaAk; ftHe;jJ. ,Wjpapy; lhy; kf;fhdp vdg;gl;l cOe;Jk;

$l mjpy; ,Ue;jJ. ,Ue;jhYk;> nfhz;ilf; fliyNa tif tifahd gy czTfSf;F toprikj;jJ> ,jpy; ghd;rn ; ky; lhYk; mlq;Fk;> ,J,uh[];jhdpy; xU KOikahd czitj; jahupf;f ghj;jp kw;Wk; FUkhit xd;wpizj;jJ. NkYk; nkhujhghjp gUg;G> ,J Kfyha kw;Wk; Mthj; Mfpa ,U Kw;wq;fspYk; eWkzj;ijg; gug;gpaJ. ,J nfhf;Fk; krhyh NrHj;j gUg;gpypUe;J Ntz;bf; Nfl;fg;gl;lJ vd ek;gg;gLfpwJ> ,Wjpahf ,J rhk;ghupd; Njhw;wj;jpw;Fk;> xbrhtpYs;s Gup Nfhapypd; milahs czthd lhy;kh Nghd;w ,d;ndhU gUg;G czTf;Fk; toptFj;jJ.

cq;fSf;Fj; njupAkh? jf;fhspg;goq;fisr; NrHf;fhky; ,e;jpahtpYs;s ngUk;ghyhd gUg;Gr; nra;Kiwfs;> Ntj fhyj;jpd; Muk;g ehl;fspy; gUg;G ,Ue;jJ vd;u cz;ikiaf; $Wfpd;wd. nfhz;ilf; fliyapd; Rygkhd nra;KiwahdJ tpUe;jpdHfSf;fhd nfhz;lhl;l czTfshTk; gupkhwg;gl;ld

,e;jpa juprdk;

n

56

n

nrg;uk;gH–xf;NuhgH 2015

cq;fSf;Fj; njupAkh? ,e;j czit cz;gJ Mde;jk;> mJ fhd;]lh Ngfk; Kd;Ng Cwitj;J miuj;j muprp khthd Nuh[h ,jo;fs; myq;fupj;j fPH vd;w czthFk;> mJ kp];upf; /gP];w;wpd; xU gFjpahfr; NrHf;fg;gl;lJ. fq;fh kd;dH guk;giuapy;> nty;yk; NrHj;J ,dpg;g+l;lg;gl;l fPH MdJ ntw;wp czthf muruhy; murpf;F mDg;gg;gl;lJ

fPH iu]; Gbq; vd;gJ xU Nuhkhdpa ,jw;Fg; Gfo; fpilj;jJ. ,q;fpUe;J Gjpa fz;Lgpbg;ghf ,Uf;fyhk;> fPH cyfpd; kpr;rg; ghfq;fisAk; Mdhy; Vyf;fhAk; nty;yKk; mile;jJ> Mdhy; ,e;jpahtpy; NrHj;J eWkz%l;ba fPH vd;w muprp Nfhapy;fSk; Ml;rpahsHfSk; mjw;F ,dpg;G czT J}a;ikahd ,e;jpag; jq;fSila nrhe;jj; jpUg;gj;ij gilg;G> ,J ee;jh kd;dH toq;fpdH. Jf;sf; guk;giuapy; ,Ue;jjhff; kd;dH guk;giu fPUf;F $wg;gLfpwJ. fPH iu]; cyHe;j goq;fisr; nksupa MdJ ka+uh kw;Wk; Fg;jh NrHj;j mNjNtis> kw;Wk; Fg;jh fhyq;fSf;F ,ilapy; n\H \h #upapd; fPOk; fhyq;fSf;F ,lk;ngw;wJ. ,Ug;gpDk;> gpd;dH `{khAdpd; fPOk; ,ilapy; fPH rk;gpujha tuNtw;G ,dpg;ghf KfyhaHfs;> fPupd; kw;nwhU eye;jhtpy; `HrtHj;jd; tbtkhd /gpHdpia vOr;rp ngw;wJ mwpKfg;gLj;jpa NghJjhd; cUthf;fpdH.

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

n

57

n

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

rikaw;fiy

g+up ,J Ntj fhyj;ijr; NrHe;jJ vdf; $wg;gLfpwJ> mf;fhyj;jpy; eWkzj; jputpaq;fisr; NrHj;j fwpfSld; NrHj;J cz;z g+upNa KOikahdjhf ,Ue;jJ. tpohf;fhy czthf g+upapd; vOr;rpahdJ rg;ghd; Nghf;fpd; tUifAld; te;jJ> mg;NghNj g+up Kjd; Kjypy; NrHf;fg;gl;lJ. cz;ik vd;dntd;why; ,J eWkzq;fisAk; cs;epug;gy;fisAk; ed;F vLj;Jf;nfhs;sf; $bajhf ,Ue;J> ,e;jpah KOtJk; Nfhapy; cztpy; xU gFjpia cUthf;fpajhy; ,e;jpar; rhg;ghl;Lj; jl;by; ,jd; gq;F tYt+l;lg;gl;lJ.

my;th Xl;Nlhkhd; ,uhr;rpaj;jpd; NkjF Riykhdpd; Kw;wj;jpypUe;J my;th ,e;jpahit Kjypy; te;jile;j NghJ> ,jw;F ntWk; 30 nrhr;r tiffNs ,Ue;jd. MfNt ,e;j tpNjrp ,wf;Fkjpf;F ,e;jpah vijr; NrHj;jJ? gy tiffs; kw;Wk; ,ij vz;nza;fF ; g; gjpyhf nea;Ald;> ghy;> eWkzj; jputpaq;fs; kw;Wk; rhj;jpakhd xt;nthU kuf;fwp my;yJ mtiu tif my;yJ cOe;J Kjypatw;iwr; NrHj;Jr; nra;Ak; vspa eWkzKs;s nrayhf;fk;. uhk;g+upypUe;J te;j kpHr; fh my;th my;yJ ep]hk;fspd; tPLfspypUe;J te;j rikj;j n[s]p my;th kw;Wk; kpH]h fhypg;gpw;Fg; gpbj;j njd; Kidapd; fWg;G my;thitg; NghypUf;Fk; `j;rp my;th. rz;Nlyh uh[;Gl;fspd; mur mLg;gbfspypUe;j ghrpg; gUg;G my;thtpd; Njhw;wk; nfhz;lhl;lj;jpw;fhf kl;Lk; mikatpy;iy> Mdhy; ,J gpuahz Nehf;fj;jpw;Fk; mike;jJ. ghjp kw;Wk; FUkhitNa Nghy ,Uf;Fk; my;th tpahghupfSf;Fk; NghH tPuHfSf;Fk; capHthOk; xU rpwe;j czthf mike;jJ.

,e;jpa juprdk;

n

58

n

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

rpth[p vg;NghJNk jk;Kld; xU my;th tifahd \PuhitAk; Ngh`hitAk; xd;whf itj;jpUg;ghH vd;Wk;> mit rPww ; khd fhl;bw;Fs; Urpahd czTf;fhf rikf;f Ntz;ba Njitapd;wp capHtho> mtUf;Fk; mtUila ,uhZtj;jpdUf;Fk; cjtpajhf xU fij cs;sJ.

NjdPH Njapiy ,e;jpahtpy; gpupj;jhdpaHfshy; NjdPuhdJ tpUe;jpdHfSf;fhfj; mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. Mkhy; mJTk; jahupf;fg;gl;l tpNrl fyitahf tHj;jf uPjpahf. Mdhy; uP M]; m Nrhkh Fg;jH muritapNyNa Kjd; Kjypy; vd;w jiyaq;fKs;s /g;nul;upf; MH mUe;jg;gl;lJ. gpwF Njapiy jputj;jpy; ld;dhNtapd; fl;Liuia thrpj;jhy;> Guhjd Cw itf;fg;gl;L> NjDld; my;yJ rpwpjsT ,e;jpahtpy; Njapiy ,Ue;jJ> cg;Gld; fye;J te;jJ. mjd; Mdhy; kjpkaf;fkhd tbtpy;. gpd;dH> tpj;jpahrkhd Urpiaf; ld;dhNt gFjpahf rupahf nfhLg;gjw;fhf Vyf;fha;> ghy; NrHf;Fk; ,Ue;jpUf;fyhk> Vnddpy; mtH mjpkJuk;> Gjpdh> kpsF tifahd $WfpwhH> nksupa kw;Wk; Fg;j Kjypait NrHf;fg;gl;ld.

NjdPH kd;dH guk;giuf; fhyj;jpy;> Kfyha muritapy; $l> fpof;fpe;jpa ,e;jpah ngsj;jj;ijf; \h[fhd; NjdPH kw;Wk; Nfhg;gpia filg;gpbf;Fk; ikakhf mUe;jj; njhlq;fpa NghJ> epWtdj;Jld; ,Ue;jJ kw;Wk; gpuahzk; ,e;jpahtpd; cz;ikahd fpuPd; te;jJ nra;gtHfis mjd; Jwtp uP vdf; fUjg;gLfpd;w fh`;th klq;fSf;Fk; muritfSf;Fk; Nghd;Nw ghy; NrHf;fg;glhky;> ftHr;rpa+l;b ,Oj;jJ. rKj;jpu Fg;jh nky;ypa eWkzg; ghdkhf ,Ue;jJ. ghy; kw;Wk; `HrtHj;jdpd; muritf;F NrHf;Fk; tifahd NjdPH fpof;fpe;jpa ngupa vz;zpf;iffspy; rPdj; J}jHfs; epWtdj;JlDk; tzpfHfSlDk; te;jJ> te;jdH> ed;nfhilahf mtHfs; CNyhq; mtHfs; ,e;jpahtpy; elf;Fk; tzpfj;ijf; NjapiyiaAk; $l vLj;J te;jpUf;fyhk;. ftdpg;gjw;fhf gzpakHj;jg;gl;ldH.

cq;fSf;Fj; njupAkh? NjdPH MdJ el;rj;jpu rPufk; kw;Wk; fWth my;yJ kpsF NrHf;fg;gl;l xU FspHfhyg; ghdkhf gfpug;gl;l fhyk; Kjy; xU ePz;l ghijiaf; fle;J te;Js;sJ. kpfg; gpugykhd NjdPH tif krhyh Njapiy (fWthTk; Vyf;fhAk; NrHj;j ghy; NjdPH) MFk;. fh\;kPupapd; fhiyAzTg; nghUshd E}dp NjdPH vd;gJ kpfg; goikahd NjdPH tha;g;ghLfspy; xd;whFk;

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

n

59

n

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

Ma;Tg; gazk;;

uh[Gjhd ghuk;gupaj;jpd;

jiyrpwe;j gilg;Gfs;

uh[];jhdpd; fk;guP khd kiy Nfhl;ilfs; mtHfspd;; midj;J Mlk;guj;jpYk;; cauj;jpy; epw;fpwJ ciu | Rg;upah mfHthy;

,e;jpa juprdk;

n

60

n

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

uh[hf;fspd; epykhd uh[];jhd; khepyk; Kd;G uh[Gjdh vd;W mwpag;gl;lJ. ,J gy;NtW gpupTfshf gpupf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. xt;nthd;Wk; khWgl;l FLk;gf;FOthy; Ml;rpnra;ag;gl;lJ. gy Mz;Lfshf> Fwpg;ghf kiyfs; kPJ Nfhl;ilfs; Nghd;w tuyhw;W epidT rpd;dq;fs; ,e;j thupRfshy; fl;lg;gl;ld> mit khepyj;jpd; tskhd gz;ghl;L ghuk;gupaj;ij tbtikj;jJ. 5tJ kw;Wk; 18tJ E}w;whz;Lfspd; ,ilNa fl;lg;gl;l ,e;j kiyf; Nfhl;ilfs; uh[Gjdh ghuk;gupaj;jpy; epiyj;J epw;Fk; jiyrpwe;j gilg;Gfs;. fk;Nghbahtpy; ele;j cyfg; ghuk;gupaf; FOtpd; 37tJ mkHtpy;> uh[];jhdpd; MW Nfhl;ilfs;> uh[];jhd; kiyf; Nfhl;ilfs; FOtpd; fPo; And];Nfh cyf ghuk;gupaj; jyq;fs; vd mwptpf;fg;gl;ld.

rpj;NjhHfH Nfhl;il> rpj;NjhHfH 7Mk; E}w;whz;by; kTupa Ml;rpahsHfshy; fl;lg;gl;l ,J kTupa Ml;rpahsH> rpj;uhq;fjh Nkhupapd; ngaiur; #l;lg;ngw;Ws;sJ kw;Wk; gpd;dH rpNrhjpahthy; Msg;gl;lJ. ,jd; tuyhw;wpy; njhlHe;J te;j muz;kidfs;> thapy;fs;> Nfhapy;fs; kw;Wk; ,uz;L epidtf NfhGuq;fs; NkYk; NrHe;Js;sd. ,it ,uz;ilAk; jtpu> gue;J tpupe;j ehd;F muz;kid tshfq;fs;> 19 Nfhapy;fs;> ehd;F epidtplq;fs; kw;Wk; 20 ePH epiyfs; ,Uf;fpd;wd. ,uz;L fl;lq;fshff; fl;lg;gl;l xU Kf;fpa EioT thapYld; Kjy; kiyf; Nfhl;il 5tJ E}w;whz;by; epWtg;gl;L kw;Wk; ntw;wpfukhf 12tJ E}w;whz;by; gyg;gLj;jgl;lJ. mit vQ;rpAs;s gPlg+kpapd; Nkw;F tpspk;gpy; njupaf;$baitahf cs;sd . ,uz;lhtJ mikg;G rpNrhjpah Ml;rp fhyj;jpy; 15Mk; E}w;whz;by; fl;lg;gl;lJ ,jd; muR EioT thapy; NtW ,lj;jpy; itf;fg;gl;L> VO thry;fshy; gyg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. Fk;g \pahk; Nfhapy;> kPuh gha; Nfhapy;> Mjp thuh Nfhapy;> \;upefH nrsup Nfhapy; kw;Wk; tp[a; ];uk;g; Nghd;wit ,e;jg; gFjpapy; fl;lg;gl;ld> ,it uh[Gjdhtpd; J}a fl;llf;fiyg; ghzpia tpsf;Ffpd;wd.

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

n

61

n

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

Ma;Tg; gazk;;

uz;jhk;g+H Nfhl;il> rtha; kNjhg+H GypfSf;Fg; ngaHngw;w uz;jhk;- Njrpag; g+q;fhtpd; tshfj;jpy; fk;guP khd uz;jhk;Nfhl;il mike;Js;sJ. 8tJ E}w;whz;by; fl;lg;gl;l ,e;jf; Nfhl;ilahdJ jhd; mkHe;Js;s jhk;g+H kiyfspy; ,Ue;J jhk;g+H vd;gijAk;> mUfpYs;s kiyapypUe;J ud; vd;gijAk; ngw;W jdJ ngaiu mikj;Jf;nfhz;lJ. tpe;jpah kw;Wk; Muty;yp ,izAk; Gs;spapy; caHe;J epw;fpwJ> Nfhl;ilapy; cNyhfk; kw;Wk; kuj;jhy; NeHj;jpahf nrJf;fg;gl;l jbj;j tise;j fjTfs; cs;sd. ehd;F Eiothapy;fspy; kp];ujhuh vd;w xd;W kl;LNk jw;nghOJ epw;fpwJ.

,e;jpa juprdk;

n

62

n

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

ff;uhd; Nfhl;il> [ythH Nfhl;ilapd; mbj;jsk; 7 Mk; E} w;whz;by; itf;fg;gl;L gpukhuh tk;rj;jpd; uh[h gp[hy;Njthy; 14 Mk; E}w;whz;by; Kbf;fg;gl;lJ. mJ %d;W gf;fq;fspYk; m`{> fhsp kw;Wk; rpe;J MWfshy; #og;gl;Ls;sJ kw;Wk; Nfhl;ilapd; gpd;dhy; fhLfs;> KFe;juh kiyj; njhlHfs; cs;sd. mjd; %Nyhgha ,lj;jpdhy;> ff;uhd; Nfhl;il ,e;jpahtpd; ePHf; Nfhl;il vd mwpag;gLfpwJ. fNd\;ghy;> ef;fHfhdh>

igutpghy;> fp\d;ghy; kw;Wk; rpyhf;fhdh Nghd;wit Nfhl;ilapd; Kf;fpakhd thapy;fs;. jpthd; -, -Mk; > jpthd; -,- fh];> [ddh k`hy;> kJRjd; Nfhapy; kw;Wk; uq; k`hy; cl;gl kw;w Kf;fpa gz;ila jsq;fSk; mlq;Fk;. Nfhl;ilf;F ntspNa Rgp GdpjH kpj;jp \htpd; khlk; cs;sJ> mq;F xt;nthU Mz;Lk; uk;ohdpd; NghJ fz;fhl;rp Vw;ghL nra;ag;gLfpwJ.

Fk;ghy;fH Nfhl;il> Fk;ghy;fH Muty;yp Nkw;F vy;iyapy; mike;Js;sJ> Fk;ghy;fH Nfhl;il uhzh Fk;gh %yk; 15Mk; E} w;whz;by; fl;lg;gl;lJ. 19Mk; E} w;whz;by; tpupthf;fg;gl;lJ> Fk;ghy;fH uh[Gj;jpu uh[hthd kfhuhzh gpujhg;gpd; gpwg;gplkhfTk; ,Uf;fpwJ. rPd ngUQ; Rtiu mLj;j> cyfpd; ,uz;lhk; ngupa Rtiu ,f;Nfhl;il ngw;Ws;sJ. Muty;ypapd; gjpd;%d;W kiyr; rpfuq;fs; ,e;jf; Nfhl;ilia ghJfhf;fpd;wd. kpf mofpa muz;kid ghjy; k`hy; (Nkfq;fs; muz;kid) gr;ir ,uj;jpd> nts;is kw;Wk; gr;ir mofpa tz;zf; fyitfisf; nfhz;L mjpHr;rp jUk; miwfs; cs;sd.

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

n

63

n

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

Ma;Tg; gazk;;

mkPH Nfhl;il> n[a;gg ; +H mjd; fiy ,e;J kj ghzf;p gilfs; jdJ ntw;wp mzptFg;ig fl;llf;fiyahy;> cyfk; KOtJk; elj;JtH. Nfhl;il jpthd; -, -Mk; > mwpag;gLk;> n[a;gg ; +H jiyefuj;jpypUe;J jpthd; -, -fh];> \P]; k`hy; (fz;zhb 4 fpkP njhiytpy; mkPH muz;kid) kw;Wk; Rf; Nfhl;il cs;sJ. rptg;G epth]; Mfpatw;iwf; kzy;fw;fy; kw;Wk; gspq;Ff; nfhz;Ls;sJ> mq;F xU Kf;fpa Eiothd fw;fshy; fl;lg;gl;lJ> FspH fhyepiy muz;kid #u[; Nghy;> gpurpj;jp ngw;w muz;kid kPJ xU ePH mLf;fhf fhw;W Kjy; Kf;fpa ehd;F Kf;fpa gpupTfshf tPRk; cUthf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. Kw;wkhd [nyg; gpupf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ> gpugykhf n[a; ke;jpH xt;nthd;Wk; jdf;nfd vd miof;fg;gLk; tpf;lup rTf;fpw;F xU jdp thapy; kw;Wk; `hy;> mjd; Ngdy;fs; toptFf;fpwJ Kw;wj;Jld; ,Uf;fpwJ. kw;Wk; cr;r tuk;ghy; Kf;fpa Eiothd #u[; Fwpf;fg;gl;Ls;s ,it Nghy;> Kjy; Kf;fpa Kw;wkhd [nyg; gy;NtW epwq;fs; kw;Wk; tbtq;fs; rTf;fpw;F toptFf;fpwJ. ,e;j ,lj;jpy; gpk;gq;fshf CLUtpAs;sJ.

,e;jpa juprdk;

n

64

n

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

n[a;rhy;kH Nfhl;il n[a;rhy;kH cyfpd; kpfg; ngupa muz;fspy; cUtk; kiwfpwJ. vdNt> mijg; nghd;; xd;whd n[a;rhy;kH Nfhl;il uh[;Gl; Nfhl;il vd;W miof;fpd;wdH. efuj;jpw;F murH uhty; n[a;rhyhy; fp.gp 1156-,y; Nfhl;ilapy; ehd;F Eiothapy;fs; fl;lg;gl;lJ. mtH ngaupd; cs;sd> ,jpy; xd;W> nghUl;Nl ,jd; ngaH xU epajp fhtypy; te;jJ. jpupFl;lh kiyapy; gad;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ. Nfhl;il jpupFl;lh jhH ghiytdj;jpy; kzy; gy;NtW khspiffs; kiyapy; jhH tpuptiltjd; kj;jpapy; my;yJ tPLfs; gzf;fhu ghiytdj;jpy; epw;fpwJ kw;Wk; epiwa tpahghupfshy; fl;lg;gl;lJ. kzy; NghHfspd; rhl;rpahfTk; gpugy jpiug;gl ,af;Feuhd cs;sJ. mjd; kfj;jhd rj;a[pj; Nu> Nfhl;ilapd; tpuptiltpd; kQ;rs; kzw;fy; gpukpg;gpy; Mo;ej ; hH> gpd;dH kj;jpapy; epw;fpwJ RtHfs;> gfw;nghOjpy; mJ mtuJ NrhdhH xU rpq;fj;jpd; epwj;jpy; nfy;yh gpd;dzpahfg; cs;sd> #upad; kiwfpd;w Ntisapy;; gad;gLj;jg;gl;lJ> gpd;dH mNj ngaupy; Njdpd; nghd;dpwkhf khWk;> mjd; me;jg; Gj;jfj;jpd; mbg;gilapy; xU %yk; kQ;rs; ghiytdj;jpy; Nfhl;il cUtfg; glk; jahupf;fg;gl;lJ.

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

n

65

n

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

Ma;Tg; gazk;

ftdp;> jahuhF>

Gwg;gL

Rw;Wyh gazpfs; NtW tifahd tpLKiwfis ehLtjhy; rhfrr; Rw;Wyh Ntfkhf ,e;jpahtpy; gpugykile;J tUfpwJ

njhiyJ}ug; gFjpfspy; gazk; nra;tJ> rthyhd rhfr tpisahl;Lfis Kaw;rpg;gJ kw;Wk; mjd; tuk;Gfspy; xU nghWikAilikiar; Nrhjpg;gJ Nghd;wtw;iw ehk; rhfrr; Rw;Wyh vd;fpNwhk;. fpof;F> Nkw;F> tlf;F my;yJ njw;fpy; vd vq;Fk; ehL gy NjHTfisf; nfhz;Ls;sJ> ,J gugug;ig tpUk;Gk; rhfr MHtyHfSf;F tha;gi ; g toq;Ffpd;wd

ghiw VWjy; ,e;jpahtpy; ghiw VWjYf;fhd rhj;jpaq;fs; kfj;jhdjhfTk; kw;Wk; xU ngupa mstpw;F fz;Lgpbf;fg;glhjitahfTk; cs;sd. xd;iwAk; gpbf;fhky; VWjy;> cjtpg; nghUSld; VWjy; kw;Wk; cjtpapd;wpAk; cjtpAlDk; VWjy; vd tifg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wd - ghiw VWjiy tUlk; KOtJk; nra;ayhk;> Mdhy; gUtkiof; fhyq;fisj; jtpHf;fyhk;. cr;rj;ij mile;J> cyfj;ij $g;gpLtjd; ,d;gj;ij ntWkNd ngw KbahJ. ,e;jpahtpy; ghiw VWjYf;fhd rpwe;j jsq;fspy; rpy ,khr;ry gpuNjrj;jpy; cs;s rH gh];> ,khr;ry gpuNjrj;jpy; cs;s kpaH gs;sj;jhf;F> fh\;kuP py; n\ uhf;> Nfushtpy; igj;jkyh> fHehlfj;jpy; kJfpup> kfhuh\;buhtpy; khy;N\[; fhl; kw;Wk; fHehlfj;jpy; `k;gp kw;Wk; ghjhkp.

,e;jpa juprdk;

n

66

n

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

n

67

n

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

Ma;Tg; gazk;

];$ ; gh iltpq; mf;th ePy - gr;ir jz;zHP kw;Wk; ePHtho; capupdq;fspd; khah[hyk;> xU fz;ftH ];$gh iltpq; mDgtk; rupahd tbtj;ij mikf;fpwJ. jhtuq;fs; kw;Wk; tpyq;fpdq;fs; kw;Wk; jPzl ; g;glhj gtsg;ghiwfs; fly; rhk;uh[;aj;jpd; rpwg;Gfis toq;Ffpd;wd. me;jkhd; epf;NfhghH

,e;jpa juprdk;

n

68

n

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

jPTfs;> yr;r jPTfs;> Nej;udp jPTfs; (fHehlf flw;fiu KOtJk;) kw;Wk; Nfhth Nghd;wit ,e;jpahtpd; ];$gh iltpq;fhd rpwe;j ,lq;fs;.

Nfhthtpd; ];$gh iltpq; fpuhz;L jPTfSld; xU tho;ehs; mDgtj;ij toq;FfpwJ> mJ kpfTk; gpugykhd ,lj;jpy; ,Uf;fpwJ.

J}z;bypy; kPdg ; pbj;jy; cz;ikahd cw;rhfq;fSld;; tho;tjw;F ve;j tpisahl;lhf ,Ue;jhYk; xUq;fpizg;G vd;gJ Kf;fpak;.

NghHl; gpNsH J}z;bypy; kPdg ; pbf;Fk;; MHtyHfSf;F xU nrhHf;fkhf cs;sJ kw;Wk; cg;GePH J}z;bypy; kPdg ; pbg;Gf;Fr; rpwe;jJ. tzpf kPdg ; pbj; jil fhuzkhf> jpl;LfSf;F xU jPzl ; g;glhj moF cs;sJ. NghHl; gpNsupypUe;J 25 fp.kP. J} uj;jpy; cs;s rpbahl;lg;g+ ,e;jpahtpy; rpwe;j J}z;by; kPdg ; pbg;G ,lq;fspy; xd;whf cs;sJ. rpq;f; jPT kw;Wk; uj;yhz;l; Mfpait kw;w gpugykhd ,lq;fs;. NkYk;> mq;F vtUk; trPfupf;Fk;

m];jkdj;ij vjpHNehf;fpf; fhj;jpUg;gH. ,e;jg; gFjpapy; fhzg;gLk; capupdq;fspy; nrapy; kPd>; kQ;rs; nrjpy; Jdh kw;Wk; ,uhl;rj nluty;yp Mfpait mlq;Fk;. ed;dHP J}z;by; kPdg ; pbg;Gf;fhd kw;w ,lq;fs; cj;jufz;by; uhk;fq;fh kw;Wk; k`hfhsp MWfs;> FY kzhypapy; gpah]; ejp> ,kakiyapy; Njhj;jpyhy; MW> fh\;kuP py; rpe;J kw;Wk; yplH MWfs;> rpahq; Mwpy; fhnkq;> gh\pfl; kw;Wk; mUzhryg; gpuNjrj;jpy; Nyh`pj; Mw;wpd; kPJs;s kPJ njR. etk;gH kw;Wk; Vg;uy; khj eLg;gFjpapy; J}z;bypy; kPdg ; pbg;gJ rpwe;j mDgtkhf mikfpwJ.

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

n

69

n

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

Ma;Tg; gazk;

guhfpisbq; ePqf ; s; vg;NghjhtJ xU Foe;ijahf xU gwit Nghy gwf;f Ntz;Lkh? guhfpisbq; Foe;ijg; gUtj;jpd; fw;gidfis kl;Lk; epiwNtw;wtpy;iy> xU KjpHe;j Md;khitAk; MWjyilar; nra;fpwJ. kfhuh\;buhtpd; Nkw;F njhlHr;rp kiy ,e;jpahtpy; guhfpisbq; nra;a kpfTk; tpUg;gkhd ,lq;fspy; xd;whFk;. rpwe;j J}f;Fk; kw;Wk; ,wq;Fk; ,lq;fshd rpf;fy;jhuh> ghQ;fdp> fk;\l; kw;Wk; ghe;jHjhuh

,e;jpa juprdk;

n

70

n

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

Nghd;w ,it midj;Jk; rfahj;up KfLfspy; nry;fpd;wd. fpQ;rH> gpyH kw;Wk; lg;Nghyhtpy; Mr;rupakhf gwf;Fk; Gs;spfisg; ngw;Ws;s gQ;rfs;sp khepyk; ngauplg;glhj guhfpisbq;fpw;Fupa jiyikaplkhf cs;sJ. cj;jpufhz;by; FQ;rg+up> fHty; kw;Wk; ngl;dp Gf;ay; kw;Wk; ,khr;ry gpuNjrj;jpy; gpH kw;Wk; gpy;ypq; Nghd;witAk; kw;w rpy ,lq;fshFk;.

glFg; gazk; ty;yik kpf;f kw;Wk; vjpHghuhj xd;W MWfspd; Xl;lk;. njupahj tisTfisj; njhlHe;J jz;zHP fye;j fhw;wpy; CWjy; Nghd;wit glFg; gazj;jpd; rpy mDgtq;fs;. up\pNf\; ,e;jpahtpd; rhfrj; jiyefukhf fUjg;gl;L te;jJ. ,q;F mDgtk; tha;ej ; gazpaH rf;jptha;ej ; miyfSf;F vjpuhf jq;fs; jpwikfisr; Nrhjpf;f KbAk; mNj rkak; tpisahl;Lf;F Gjpjhf

te;j kf;fs; njspthd gFjpfspy; rpwpa miyfNshL nry;y KbAk;. ylhf; rd;]f ; hH ejp> mUzhr;ryg; gpuNjrj;jpy; gpuk;kGj;jpuh ejp> lhH[pypq;fpy; B];lh ejp> ghug;Nghy; ejp kw;Wk; cj;jufhz;by; myf;ee;jh ejp Nghd;wit kw;w ,lq;fs;. jhkjkhf nrg;uk;gH kw;Wk; etk;gH khj eLg;gFjpapy; kw;Wk; khHr;rpd; eLg;gFjpapypUe;J Nk Kjy; thuk; tiu up\pNfi\ ghHitaplr; rpwe;j Neuk;.

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

n

71

n

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

ntw;wp

xU fhyj;jpy; xU Gyp>

vg;NghJNk xU Gyp

,e;jpa tpkhdg; gilapd; kpfg; gioa gilg; gpupT> mjhtJ ,y.

1 ];Fthl;ud; gilg;gpupT> NrhHNt ,y;yhky; njhlHe;Jk; caH juepiyahd NkjF ty;YeHfSf;fhd gapw;rpia mspj;J tUfpwJ ciu | tpkhdg; gilj; jsgjp (Xa;T.) mdpy; Nrhg;uh

];Fthl;ud; thgpl;b tpkhdk;> 1934

,e;jpa juprdk;

n

72

n

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

by;yp [pk;fhdhtpy; 1948-,y; iufH kPs; xd;WNrHT

,e;jpa tpkhdg; gilf;F 1932 xf;NuhgH xU tuyhw;W Kf;fpaj;JtKila khjkhFk;. xf;NuhgH 8 Mk; jpfjp ,e;jpa tpkhdg; gil (IAF) cj;jpNahfg+Htkhf epWtg;gl;lJ kw;Wk; xU fpoikf;Fg; gpd;dH> m`kjhghj; kw;Wk; nghk;Ng (,g;Nghija Kk;ig) topahf fuhr;rpf;F ; k; kl;uh]{f;Fk; (,g;NghJ nrd;id) ,ilapy; tpkhd mQ;ry; Nritiaj; njhlq;fp uhl;lh vahHiyd;]pd; JRD uhl;lh jdJ tpkhdj;ij gwf;f tpl;lhH. ,e;j khjj;jpNyNa ,e;jpahtpy; ,uhZt kw;Wk; nghJkf;fs; Mfpa ,U tpkhdNritfSk; njhlq;fpd. me;j tpkhd NritNa gpd;dH vahH ,e;jpahthf khwpaJ. IAF-,d; ,y.1 ];Fthl;ud; gilg;gpupthd Gypfs; vd;gJ ehd;F nt];wy ; hz;l; thgpl;b ,uhZt $l;LwT IIA iggpNsDld; fuhr;rp> l;upf; rhiyapy; 1933 Vg;uy; 1Mk; jpfjp cUthf;fg;gl;lJ. mg;NghJ mjpy; MW mjpfhupfSk;> 19 `tha; nrNgha;fSk; ,Ue;jdH> mjd; fl;lis mjpfhupahf Nuhay; tpkhdg; gil tpkhd nyg;updz;l; (gpd;dH tpkhdg; gilapd; Jizj; jsgjp) nrrpy; ngsr;rH ,Ue;jhH. Kjy; Ie;J tpkhd Xl;bfs; `up\; re;jpuh rpHfhH> Rg;Nuhl;Nlh KfH[P (gpd;dH IAF-,d; Kjy; ,e;jpad; tpkhdj; jiyik mjpfhup)> GNge;jpuh rpq;> I] hj; ghf;]; mthd; kw;Wk; mkH[Pj; rpq;.

JN Bf; lhz;ld; gilj;jsghlq;fis

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

n

73

n

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

ntw;wp

,e;jpa juprdk;

n

74

n

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

NkypUe;J tyQ;Ropahf: ,y.1 ];Fthl;ud; ngl;b kw;Wk; 1993-,y; itu tpohit epidT$u ntspaplg;gl;l xU Kj;jpiu@ ];Fthl;ud; gpuhd;]py; kpuh[; 2000-Mf khWfpwJ@ gHkhtpy; #whtsp tpkhdg; gzpahsH FOTld; mH[d; rpq;@ gHkhtpy; `tha; nrNgha;fSld; `H[pe;jH

xOq;Fnra;Ak; gzpfspy; ,Ue;jhH. mLj;j gilg;gpupTf;F mspf;fg;gl;ld. mjd; gpwF gpuptpy; ,Ue;j rhjidahsHfs;: m];gp ];Fthl;ud; gilg;gpupT nghk;Ng gilg;gpupT vQ;QpdpaH (gpd;dH tpkhdg;gilj; jiyik vdg;gl;lJ. mjpfhup)> [k;Ngh K[{k;jH> eNue;jpuh> lhy;[pw; rpq;> n`d;up uq;fehjd;> RHD rpq;> ghgh gHkh gilnaLg;G Nk`H rpq;> SN Nfh[y;> gpupj;ghy; rpq; kw;Wk; 1942 ngg;utup khjj;jpy;> yh\pNahtpy; mH[d; rpq; (gpd;dH tpkhdg;gilj; jiyik mkHj;jg;gl;l xU tpkhdj;Jld; mjpfhup kw;Wk; jw;NghJ IAF-,d; jsgjp). kpq;fylhDf;F ,lkhw;wg;gLk; Kd;dH> ];Fthl;ud; gilg;gpuptpd; KjyhtJ nusq;$tpypUe;J gwf;fpd;w NghHj;jpwkhd jhf;Fjy; gpj;jhdp FbkuGf; ,uhZt NtTg;gzp FOf; fpsHr;rpahsHfSf;F eltbf;iffshd jdJ vjpuhf tlf;F th]pup];udpy; yprhz;lHfSld; ];Fthl;ud; ];Fthl;ud; ele;jJ. 1938 mstpy;> gilg;gpupthdJ gHkhit gilg;gpuptpd; ];Fthl;ud; gilg;gpupthdJ (,g;NghJ kpad;khH) KjyhtJ 16 mjpfhupfs; kw;Wk; 662 te;jile;jJ. IAF giltPuHfSld; tpkhdj;jpd; gzpahsHfs; ntbFz;Lfisf; jhf;Fjy; gpj;jhdp KOg; ghuhl;LfisAk; nfhz;Lnry;Yk; tifapy; FbkuGf; FOf; ngw;wJ. ,uz;lhk; cyfg; tpkhdj;ij khw;wpaikj;J> fpsHr;rpahsHfSf;F NghH (WWII) njhlq;fpa NghJ jha;yhe;jpy; Nk-`Tq;nrsd;> vjpuhdjhFk; ,Ue;j xNu IAF ,Jjhd;. rpq;kha; kw;Wk; rpahd;fi ; u NghUf;F Mjutspg;gjw;fhf> Nghd;w ,lq;fspypUe;j flNyhug; ghJfhg;G ag;ghdpa tpkhdj; tpkhdq;fs; cUthf;fg;gl;L> Gypfs; gzpapy; jsq;fSf;F vjpuhf Fiwe;j kl;l ghJfhg;G epakpf;fg;gl;ldH. ];Fthl;ud; gilg;gpupTf;F topj;Jizapy;yhj eltbf;iffisr; Muk;gj;jpy; `t;fH `hHLk;> gpd;dH nra;jdH. ,Ue;jhYk;> ag;ghdpa CLUty; Xlf;]; tpkhdKk; NrHf;fg;gl;ld. 1941fUizaw;wjhf mike;jJ> gHkhtpd; ,d; eLg;gFjpapy;> gHkhTf;Fs; (,g;Nghija ,Wjp ntspNaw;wj;Jld;> ,y.1 ];Fthl;ud; kpad;khH) ag;ghdpaHfspy; CLUty; gilg;gpupthdJ 1942 a+d; khjj;jpy; elg;gjhf mr;RWj;jy; ,Ue;jJ@ nghk;Ng upry;g+Uf;Fj; jpUk;gp> #whtsp IIB (,g;Nghija Kk;ig) kf;fs; rhHghf NghHtPufs; gpupthf khwj; njhlq;fpaJ. ,y1 MSeuhy; nghk;Ng NghH ed;nfhilfs; gilg;gpupthdJ 25 tajhd gilg;gpupTj; epjpapypUe;J 12 nt];wy ; hz;l; yprhz;lH jiytH mH[d; rpq;fpd; jiyikapy;> tpkhdq;fs; nfhs;tdT nra;ag;gl;L> 1944 ngg;utup 3 Mk; jpfjpad;W ,k;ghiy

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

n

75

n

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

ntw;wp

te;jile;jJ. ,J 14 khjq;fSf;F nraypy; <Lgl;lJ> ,jd;NghJ l;uhd;]-; rpz;lt ; pd; kw;Wk; l;uhd;]-; ,Huhtl;b jhf;Fjy;fshy; gpd; njhlug;gl;l ,k;ghypd; Kw;Wifapy; gilg;gpupT gq;nfLj;jJ. Gypfs; eltbf;if uPjpahd gwg;ig ngg;utup 5 Mk; jpfjp njhlq;fpaJ> mjd; NghJ jhf;FjYf;Fupa> NghHj;je;jpu kw;Wk; epow;glk; rk;ge;jkhd NtTg;gzp eltbf;iffis Nkw;nfhz;lJ. ag;ghdpa jhf;Fjy; khHr; 8 md;W njhlq;fpaJ> 17tJ ,e;jpag; gpupitj; Jz;bj;Jtpl mtHfs; Kaw;rpj;jdH. khHr; 29 md;W> ,Uz;l khiyg;nghOjpy; vjpupapd; JUg;Gfisf; fz;l gpd;dH> mH[d; rpq; jiyik jhq;fpa KO ];Fthl;ud; gilg;gpupTNk Gwg;gl;L> vjpupapd; epiyfs; kPJ Jg;ghf;fpfs; kw;Wk; ntbFz;Lfshy; jhf;Fjy; Nkw;nfhz;L> Kd;Ndwpte;j ag;ghdpa gl;lhsj;ijf; nfhd;wopj;jdH. 1944 Vg;uypy; ,k;gy; Kw;Wif ,WfpaJ> ag;ghdpaHfs; ,k;gy; thd;Gyj;jpd; Ml;byupj; jhf;Fjy; tuk;Gf;Fs; te;jdH. ];Fthl;ud; gilg;gpupthdJ 412 vjpHj;jhf;Fjy;fis Nkw;nfhz;lJ> ,ae;jpug; Nghf;Ftuj;J> Jg;ghf;fp epiyfs; ghfp];jhd; tpkhdg; gilf;F (PAF) kw;Wk; JUg;Gfs; kPJ jhf;Fjy;fis khw;wg;gl;L> ,e;jpahtpypUe;j gpupTf;F Nkw;nfhz;lJ. ag;ghdpaHfs; jpUg;gpj; vz; jfL ,lg;gl;lJ> gpd;dH upk;gp gpNuH jhf;fpajhy;> ];Fthl;ud; gilg;gpupthdJ (gpd;dH tpkhdg;gilg; gzpahsHfspy; Kd;dpUe;j jsq;fspypUe;J ,aq;fp> thd; Jizj; jiytH) fl;lisapd; fPo>; Kaw;rp fzprkhf mjpfupf;fg;gl;lJ. IAF GJby;yp ghyj;jpy; tk;igH ,uTg; gzpahsHfSf;F NtW myq;fhuq;fSld; NghHtPuHfspy; 1953 Mk; tUlj;jpy; kPzL ; k; 22 jdpr;rpwg;ghd gwf;Fk; capHngw;wJ. 1956-,y;> rpYitfs; tpUjhf ];Fthl;ud; gilg;gpupthdJ mspf;fg;gl;ld. mjd; by;ghf; rpq;fpd; (gpd;dH Rje;jpuj;jpw;Fg; gpd;dH rhjidfis mq;ff P upf;Fk; tpkhdg;gilj; jiytH) mtHfSila Kjy; tifapy;> 1945 khHr;rpy;> fl;lisapd; fPo; Gjpjhfg; giltPuH njhFjpapy; IAF -f;F mjd; jiyg;gpy; ngwg;gl;l j];]hy;w; ‘Nuhay;” vd;w Kd;ndhl;L kp];nuH IVA tpkhdkhf rhe;jh F&]; tpkhd toq;fg;gl;lJ. khwpaJ. 1961-,y; ele;j epiyaj;jpypUe;J Nfhth eltbf;iffSf;F> iufH]; (Gypfs); gFjpgpupj;jy; kw;Wk; Rje;jpuj;jpw;Fg; gpd;dH gpupT ,aq;fpaJ Muk;g tUlq;fs; mtHfSila Kjy; ,uz;lhk; cyfg;Nghupd; giltPuH njhFjpapy; Kbtpy;> RIAF -f;F 1600 rhe;jh F&]; tpkhd mjpfhupfs; cl;gl 28>500 giltPuHfs; epiyaj;jpypUe;J Gypfs; gpupT ,aq;fpaJ. nfhz;l gykpf;f mzp NrHe;jJ. 1945-,d; 1961 brk;gH 10 md;W lkhd; Nfhl;ilf;F ,Wjpg;gFjpapy;> ,e;jg; gpupT ];gpw;/gauhf vjpuhd ehd;F tpkhd eltbf;ifahdJ khwpaJ. 1947-,d; Nfhilf;fhyj;jpy;> cr;rpapy; ghuk;gupa ruzilTf; nfhb ,y.1 ];Fthl;ud; gilg;gpupTf;F mirg;igf; fz;lwpe;jJ. 1965 ,e;Njh#whtsp (nuk;ng];w); IIfs; fpilj;jd. ghf; rz;ilapd; NghJ> ];Fthl;ud; gFjpgpupf;Fk; Neuj;jpy;> ];Fthl;ud; Mjk;g+upy; ,Ue;jJ> mq;F mJ mLj;j gilg;gpuptpd; rfy nrhj;JfSk; Nuhay; 17 tUlq;fSf;Fj; njhlHe;jpUe;jJ.

,e;jpa juprdk;

n

76

n

nrg;uk;gH–xf;NuhgH 2015

,lkpUe;J tyQ;Ropahf: gHkhtpy; ];Fthl;ud;@ 1950fspy; ];Fthl;ud; tpkhdpfSld; mH[d; rpq;@ 1965-,y; rHNfhlh kPJ jhf;FjYf;fhfg; gwe;j ];Fthl;ud; tpkhdpfs;

gpuptpd; fl;lisajpfhup Xkp jNd[htpd; fl;lisapd; fPo>; PAF tpkhdj;jskhd rHNfhlhTf;F vjpuhd xU jhf;Fjiy Nkw;nfhz;l Kjy; gpupthf ];Fthl;ud; mDkjpf;fg;gl;lJ.

ghlrhiyf;F ,ilapyhd midj;jpe;jpa cijg;ge;jhl;lg; Nghl;bj;njhliu elj;Jk; NahridiaAk; nfhz;Lte;jhH> mg;Nghl;bj;njhlH mtuJ ,wg;Gf;Fg; gpd;dH njhlq;fpaJ. mj;njhlH Rg;Nuhl;Nlh fpz;zk; vd miof;fg;gLfpwJ. rupj;jpuk; gilj;jtHfs; mH[d; rpq;> DFC> 1939-,y; xU ];Fthl;udpd; OBE Rg;Nuhl;Nlh tpkhdpahf gjtpNaw;W NWFPKfH[P> tlNkw;F vy;iy ,y; Muk;g eltbf;iffisf; khfhzj;jpy; (NWFP) ftdpj;Jf; nfhz;lhH. mH[d; rpq;> IAF FbkuGf; fpsHr;rpahsHfSf;F gpd;dH> 1944-,y; muhfd; -,d; KjyhtJ vjpuhd tpkhd gilnaLg;gpd; NghJ> tpkhdg;gilj; eltbf;ifapy; gq;nfLj;jhH> njd;fpof;F Mrpa Rg;ud P ; jsgjpahdhH JzpTilikf;fhd myPl; nfhkhz;luhd NyhHl; gjf;fj;ijg; ngw;w Kjy; nksd;wg ; w;wdhy; mH[Df;F egH. 1939-,y; ];Fthl;ud; me;j ,lj;jpNyNa itj;J jiytuhfg; gjtpAaHj;jg;gl;L> ,y.1 jdpr;rpwg;ghd gwf;Fk; rpYit (DFC) ];Fthl;udpd; fl;lisg; gjtpia Vw;whH. tpUjspf;fg;gl;lJ. mtH 1964 Xf];w; gpd;G> 1943 Xf];ww ; py; nfh`hw;wpy;; njhlf;fk; 1969 a+iy tiu IAF RAF epiyankhd;wpy; nghWg;ig Vw;w jiytuhf ,Ue;jhH. mtH gjtpNaw;w Kjy; ,e;jpauhdhH. 1945 a+d; khjj;jpy;> me;j Ie;jiu tUlj;; jiyikf; fhyNk mtUf;F gpupj;jhdpa ,uhZtg; gpuptpd; xUtH jiytuhf ePbj;j kpfePzl ; XHlH x/g; gpupl;b\; vk;gaH tpUJ fhykhFk;. 1965-,y; mtUf;F gj;k tpg+\ mspf;fg;gl;lJ. mtH KjyhtJ IAF zd; gl;lk; fpilj;jJ> Rtpw;rHyhe;Jfhd ];Fthl;uid fl;lisapl;L ,af;fpaNjhL ,e;jpaj; J}juhfTk;> nfd;ahTf;fhd caH kl;Lky;yhky;> 1954-,y; KjyhtJ ];jhdpfuhfTk; gpwF gjtptfpj;Js;shH. ,e;jpa tpkhdg;gilj; jiytUk; MfpdhH. gpd;G> by;yp MSeuhfTk;> 2002 [dtupapy; cijg;ge;jpy; MHtKs;s KfH[P> IAF -,d; KjyhtJ tpkhdg;gilj;

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

n

77

n

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

ntw;wp

jsgjpahfTk; MdhH. gpuptpd; fl;lisajpfhup mjpfhupahf ,Ue;j Nk`H jhdhfNt gy fUz; fpU\;zh k[{e;jH IAF –f;F mjd; Kd;Ndhbahd fpypa+l;Lk; eltbf;iffis Kjy; NghH tPuiu ,uz;lhk; cyfg;Nghupy; Nkw;nfhz;lhH. mtUf;F 1950-,y; k`h tPH toq;fpdhH. jd;Dila jiyikg; gjtpf;fhf rf;fuk; (MVC) toq;fg;gl;lJ> ,JNt IAF–f;Ff; DFC-f;F xU ghH myq;fhuj;ijg; ngw;w xNu IAF fpilj;j Kjy; rf;fukhFk;. tpkhdp ,tuhthH> IAF -f;Fk; KjyhtJ. ,U tUlq;fSf;Fg; gpd;G> INuhg;ghtpd; Nerkhd iufHfs; (Gypfs;) Rg;gHnrhdpf;fhfpd gilnaLg;gpy; ];gpw;/gaHfis 1966-,y; ];Fthl;ud; MdJ Xl;Lk; RAF ];Fthl;uDf;F jhdhf Rg;gHnrhdpf; u\pad; MiG tpUk;gp gjtpapy; NrHe;Jnfhz;lhH. 21fshf khwp> 1985 tiu fhHfpy; Kuz;ghl;bd; `tha; nrNgha;fs; vd gpd;dH mtw;iw ,af;fpd. gpuptpd; NghJ> kpuh[; miof;fg;gl;l> Ntiyiag; fl;lisajpfhup cg;fhH rpq; 1971 2000fs; vjpupapd; gofpf; nfhs;Sk; tpkhdg; ,e;Njh-ghf; rz;ilapd; NghJ gzpahsHfshfg; gapw;rpngWk; ];Fthl;uid topelj;jpdhH Kfhk;fisAk;> ,isQHfspilNa ,Ue;J gpd;dH kw;Wk; tpkhdg; ghJfhg;Gg; gilj;jsghlj; rupj;jpuk; gilf;Fk; xUtuhf gzpiaAk; Vw;Wf;nfhz;lhH. jsq;fisAk; caHe;jtH AVM `H[pe;jH rpq;> Gypfs; 513 vjpHj;jhf;Fjy;fis ntw;wpfukhfj; MBE. ,tHjhd; gHkhtpy; ];thl;ud; Nkw;nfhz;L> JzpTilikf;fhd eltbf;iffspd; NghJ yprhz;lH gy tpUJfis ntd;wJ. ,e;jpah jhf;fpaopj;jd thd; fz;fhzpg;G tpkhdj;ij xU kpNu[; 2000 nly;ww ; h-gpupitg; Fz;LNghLk; tpkhdkhf khw;wpatH. ngw;wJ> mjhtJ gpuhd;rpypUe;J mtH gpd;G tpkhd mjpfhup fl;lisapLk; taH %yk; gwf;Fk; rz;ilf;fhuHfs;. gpuhd;] guhkupg;Gf; fl;lisahf gjtpAaHT ngw;whH. py; kpuh[; 2000 Fwpj;J gapw;rpaspf;fg;gl;l IAF tpkhdj; jsgjp ghgh nk`hH rpq;iff; tpkhdpfSk; njhopy;El;gthjpfSk; jpUk;gpte;J> Nghy fpypa+l;b> ce;Jjyhf ,Uf;ff; $ba rpy 1986-,y; ];Fthl;uid gpnuQ;R rz;iltPuuhf ngaHfNs IAF-,y; Njhd;wpd. 1947-,y; goq;Fb khw;wpdH. 1999 ,e;Njh-ghf; fhHfpy; Kuz;ghl;bd; Mf;fpukpg;gpd; NghJ> mg;NghJ tpkhdg;gil NghJ> kpuh[; 2000fs; vjpupapd; Kfhk;fisAk;>

,e;jpa juprdk;

n

78

n

nrg;uk;gH–xf;NuhgH 2015

NkNy: 1934-,y; ];Fthl;ud; `tha; nrNgha;fs;@ ,lJ: gts tpohf; nfhz;lhl;lq;fspy; mH[d; rpq;Fld; ];Fthl;ud; gpuptpdH

gilj;jsghlj; jsq;fisAk; ntw;wpfukhfj; jhf;fpaopj;jd. Ke;Njh lhNyh kw;Wk; iufH `py; Mfpatw;wpd; kPjhd jhf;Fjy;fs; xU rPff ; pukhd ifg;gw;wYf;F toptFj;jd. 1984 Vg;uypy; nrhA]; T-11 -I ntspehl;Lf;F Xl;br;nrd;w gpuptpd; fl;lisajpfhup uhNf\; \Hkh> mNrhf; rf;fuh> tpz;ntspapy; Xl;ba Kjy; ,e;jpauhdhH> ,tH Kd;dhs;-iufH. ‘xU fhyj;jpy; xU Gyp> vg;NghJNk xU Gyp| vd;w xU $w;Wk; cs;sJ. ,d;Wk; $l> iufHfs; caH eltbf;ifj; juepiyfSf;fhf NrhHtpd;wp njhlHe;J gapw;rpaspf;fpwhHfs;. mtHfs; ];FthHl;uDf;F If;fpaNk typik vd;gjw;F ,zq;f Like tho;fpwhHfs;. jw;NghJ> gpuptpd; MEA INDIA fl;lisajpfhup kdp\; \ Hkhtpd; fl;lisapd; fPo>; ];Fthl;udpd; gzpahsH Ntiy vd;gJ Nkl;`F gzpahsHfspd; Follow @MEAINDIA caH juepiyfis vl;LtJ kw;Wk; ‘GfOld; thdj;ijj; njhLtJ| MFk;. ,e;j vOj;jhsH xU Xa;Tngw;w tpkhdj; jsgjp kw;Wk; ,y. 1 ];Fthl;udpd; Kd;dhs; fl;lis mjpfhup

nrg;uk;gH–xf;NuhgH 2015

n

79

n

Channel MEA INDIA

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

ntw;wp

mgptpUj;jpia

Nehf;fp ,e;jpah

Milf; ifj;njhopw;Jiw mikr;rpd; kpfKf;fpa Kjw;gbahd xUq;fpize;j [Tspg; g+q;fhTf;fhd jpl;lk; (SITP) MdJ Mil cw;gj;jpnra;Ak; ifj;njhopw;Jiwia cyfstpy; jpwikkpf;f xd;whf khw;Wtjw;F kpfKf;fpakhd cl;fl;likg;G Mjhuj;ij mspg;gij ,yf;fhff; nfhz;Ls;sJ

cyfpd; kpfg;ngupa ifj;njhopw;Jiwfspy; xd;whd ,e;jpa Milf; ifj;njhopw;JiwahdJ Neub kw;Wk; kiwKf Ntiytha;gi ; g cUthf;Fjy;> ntspehl;L ehzag; gupkhw;w rk;ghj;jpaq;fisf; Fwpf;Fk; tifapy; ehl;bd; Njrpa nghUshjhuj;jpw;F ghupa gq;fspg;ig mspj;Js;sJ. I.eh nfhk;lN ; ul; Nlw;whNg]; ntspapl;Ls;s mz;ika jutpd;gb> cyfpd; kpfg;ngupa Mil Vw;Wkjpahsuhf ,j;jhyp> NaHkdp kw;Wk; tq;fhsNjrk; Kjypa ehLfis ,e;jpah Ke;jpAs;sJ. ,Ue;jhYk;>

,e;jpa juprdk;

n

80

n

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

cl;fl;likg;Gr; rpf;fy;fNs ftiyg;gl Ntz;ba Kjd;ikahd gFjpahf cs;sJ. ,ij KbTf;Ff; nfhz;Lte;J> Milf; ifj;njhopy; myFfis epHkhzpg;gjw;fhf cyfj; jukhd cl;fl;likg;G trjpfis mjw;F toq;Ftjw;F> rhj;jpaKs;s tsHr;rp ikaq;fspy; rHtNjrj; jukhd Gjpa [Tspg;; g+q;fhf;fis cUthf;FkhW 2015 a+iyapy; SITP mq;ff P upf;fg;gl;lJ. ,e;j tUlk; Vg;uy; khjj;jpy; #uj;jpy; ,e;jpa murhq;fk;> Milf; ifj;njhopw;Jiw mikr;rhy; Vw;ghL

Kd;Ndw;wk; fhZk; mjd; ghijapy; Milf; ifj;njhopw;Jiw

nra;ag;gl;l SITPfs; Fwpj;j KjyhtJ gpuhe;jpaq;fspy;; xd;Wf;Fs; ,e;jpahtpd; Njrpaj; njhopw;gl;liwapy; Milf; Eioit Kd;dwptpf;Fk;. ifj;njhopw;Jiw mikr;rH re;Njh\; Milf; ifj;njhow;Jiw mikr;rpd; FkhH fhq;thH ciuahw;Wifapy;> gb> 16 khepyq;fspy; gue;Js;s RkhH 70 VO khjq;fspy; 20 Gjpa SITPfis [Tspg; g+q;fhf;fs; (F[uhj;> kfhuh];lu; h mikf;f NDA murhq;fk;; cj;jpNahfg+Ht kw;Wk; jkpo;ehL Mfpa khepyq;fspy; mDkjpaspj;Js;sJ. MfNt &.30>000 ngUk;ghd;ikiaf; nfhz;Ls;s 30 Nfhb KjyPli ; l <Hf;Fk; vd njhopw;gLk; g+q;fhf;fs;) vjpHghHf;fg;gLfpd;w nkhj;jkhf &. 7>100 Nfhb nkhj;jr; ,j;jifa 70 Mil [Tspg; nrytpy; mikf;fg;gl murhq;fk; g+q;fhf;fs; mikf;fg;glTs;sd.

2015 khHr;rpy; Vw;fdNt 12tJ Ie;J murhq;fk; 12tJ Ie;J tUlj; mq;ff P upf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. jpl;lj;jpy;> Nkw;nfhz;Lk; 10 F[uhj;jpy; vl;L Gjpa tUlj; g+q;fhf;fis mikg;gJ Fwpj;J [Tspg; g+q;fhf;fs; jpl;lj;jpy;> 10 rpe;jpj;J tUfpwJ. njhopw;ghl;L epiyapy; g+q;fhf;fis ,e;jg; g+q;fhf;fs; gpujkH ,Uf;Fk; mNjrkak;> Milf; mikg;gJ jpU eNue;jpu Nkhbapd; ifj;njhopw;Jiw mikr;rhy; ~Nkf; ,d; ,e;jpah| vd;w Ie;J Gjpa g+q;fhf;f ; Sf;F Fwpj;J rpe;jpj;J Kd;Kaw;rpia czHtjpy; mDkjpaspf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. tUfpwJ Cf;fpahf ,Uf;fTk;> nerT> #uj;jpy;> mDkjpf;fg;gl;l Mil kw;Wk; rk;ge;jkhd xd;gJ g+q;fhf;fspy; Ie;J ifj;njhopw;Jiwg; ngWkjpahd rq;fpypf;F njhopw;ghl;by; cs;sd> mit tUlhe;j xU Nkiliaf; nfhLf;fTk; ,yf;F cw;gj;jpahf &. 2>768 Nfhbapy; fl;LkPwpa itf;fpd;wd. ,J> ,e;jpahthdJ Jzptiffs;> E}y;> gpd;dpa Jzptif> njd;fpof;F Mrpar; re;ijf;fhd rpwe;j rhk;gy; Jzptiffisf; nfhz;Ls;sd. mZfiy Nehf;fp <Hf;fg;gLfpwJ vd;Wk; Ke;ju; h kw;Wk; Nflhtpy; mike;Js;s ,U $l jskikj;Js;sJ> mr;re;ij cyfpy; [Tspg; g+q;fhf;fspd; tUlhe;j cw;gj;jp &. kpf Ntfkhf tsUfpd;w nghUshjhug; 600 Nfhb ngWkjpahdJ.

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

n

81

n

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

fiy

,g;Nghija ghzpapy; Gilg;GUtr; rpj;jpu

Ntiyg;ghLs;s Fr; vk;gn ; uha;lup vd;gJ epwq;fisAk; capNuhl;lj;ijAk; gw;wpaJ kl;Lky;y ciu | re;j;Nuap ngskpf;

,e;jpa juprdk;

n

82

n

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

fhl;rpf;F itf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk; Fr; jahupg;Gfspd; xU tupir

Fr; vk;gn ; uha;lup MdJ epwq;fisAk; jpwikfisAk; jhq;fpagb tUfpwJ. Mdhy;> njspthd epwq;fSf;Fk; ijay;fSf;Fk; ,ilNa ,J gpuNjrj;jpd; tpj;jpahrkhd Fyq;fspd; jdpj;Jtkhf tpsq;FfpwJ. fr;rpd; (mbf;fb Fr; vd;W Fwpg;gplg;gLk;) tskpf;f ghuk;gupaq;fNs r%fj;jpdiuAk; mtHfSila gz;ghLfisAk; xd;Wlndhd;W fyf;f itg;gjpypUe;J vjpHj;J Kd;NdWfpd;wd.

Fr;rpd; Gtpapay; miktplkhdJ rfy gz;ghl;Lr; nry;thf;FfspdJk; xU #whtspahf khw ,jw;F cjtpAs;sJ. Mguzk; ntt;ntW Fyq;fspypUe;Jk; gpuNjrq;fspypUe;Jk; topte;j Kj;th> ughup> jNgupah ughup kw;Wk; Neud; vk;gn ; uha;lup cl;gl 17 ,w;Fk; Nkw;gl;l tpj;jpahrkhd mzpfy tiffisf; fhl;LfpwJ. cz;ikapy; Fr; vk;gn ; uha;lupiaj; Njhw;Wtpj;jtHfs; fhjp fhy;eil tsHg;gtHfs; MtH> mtHfs; jq;fSila Mo;ej ; mwpitf; nfhz;L CrpNtiyg;ghl;by; gy tbtikg;Gfisr; nrJf;fpdH. 16Mk; E} w;whz;by; rpe;J ejpapypUe;J te;j ehNlhup xUtNu ,e;jj; ijay; cj;jpia rg;ghj;J nra;gtHfSf;Ff; nfhz;L te;J NrHj;jdH

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

n

83

n

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

fiy

gy;NtW epwq;fspd; kdpj rpW cUtr;rpiyfis Gyg;gLj;Jk; njspthd rpj;jupg;G

vd;w xU fij cs;sJ. R/g;> fhuPf>; rpwpa ijay;fSk; ,Ug;gjhy;> ,ijj; ghNfh kw;Wk; ughup Kjypa vk;gn ; uha;lup ijf;f mjpf Neuk; vLf;fpwJ. ,];yhkpa eilfspy; gy xd;wpizj;jiyf; tof;fg;gb tpyq;F my;yJ kdpj fhzyhk;. Fr; vk;gn ; uha;lup MdJ gr;ir> tbtq;fisr; rpj;jupj;jy; MfhJ vd;gij fWg;G> fUePyk;> rptg;G> kQ;rs; kw;Wk; kdjpy; nfhz;L> ,e;j tbtikg;Gfs; gOg;G nts;is Nghd;w epwq;fis gpujhdkhf tbtk; uPjpahfNt cs;sd. fhyq;fhykhf cgNahfpf;fpwJ. ,jpy; fhjy; eakhd Njhw;wq;fSk;> ughup eldj; NjhuizfspYs;s ,e;j vk;gn ; uha;lup kdpj rpW cUtr;rpiyfSk; MdJ xl;lfq;fisg; cz;ikapy; Fr; nry;thf;Fr; nrYj;Jfpd;wd. ghJfhg;gjw;fhd vk;gn ; uha;lupiaj; rpy Njhw;wq;fspy; ghurPf rptngUkhdhy; Njhw;Wtpj;jtHfs; kw;Wk; Kfyhaf; fiyapd; cUthf;fg;gl;l fw;gidahd fhjp fhy;eil nry;thf;Fk; cs;sJ. rk;ghyplkpUe;J ghuk;gupakhf Nt&d;wg;gl;lJ vd;W tsHg;gtHfs; Kj;th $wg;gLfpwJ. ughupfs; xl;lf MtH ,e;jg; ngauhdJ khepyj;jpd; tsHg;Gf;fhd Nka;rr ; y; gd;dp gpuNjrj;jpy; trpf;fpd;w epyq;fisj; Njb jhH K];ypd;fspd; xU cgrhjpahd ghiytdj;jpypUe;J FbngaHe;jdH. ughup Kj;th (ky;jhup) vd;gjpypUe;J ngz;fspd; tho;fi ; fapy; vk;gn ; uha;lup te;jJ. ,J kpfr;rpwe;j vk;gn ; uha;lup xU Kf;fpa gFjpahf ,Ue;jJ> tif> gsgsg;ghd rw;wpd; kw;Wk; mij mtHfs; mzpAk; rhy;itfs;> rpy;f; Jzpfspy; cNyhf ,ioahy; ghthilfs; kw;Wk; Nrhspfs; Nghd;w gpd;dg;gLfpwJ. ,jpy; kpfr;rpwpa fz;zhb cLg;GfspypUe;J Mjhukhff; fhzyhk;. ikaj;ijf; nfhz;l vk;gn ; uha;lupAk; fz;zhbfisj; ijj;J kapy;fs;>

,e;jpa juprdk;

n

84

n

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

cq;fSf;Fj; njupAkh? Ø

,jd; Njhw;wj;ijg; gw;wpa gy fijfs; ,uhkhazk; kw;Wk; fpU\;zupd; fhyq;fspy; ,it ,Ue;jjhff; $Wfpd;wd

Ø

vk;g;nuha;lup vd;gJ jq;fSila kfs;fSf;F jpUkz cLg;Gfisj; ijf;Fk; Fr;rpYs;s ngz;fspd; xU nghOJNghf;fhfNt Muk;gj;jpy; ,Ue;jJ

Ø

Fr; vk;g;nuha;lupapd; fl;likg;G fbdkhdJ> Mdhy; mijf; ifahy; Jitg;gJ ey;yjy;y> Vndd;why; mjpy; nkd;ikahd ,ioAk;> kzpfs; kw;Wk; fz;zhbfSk; cs;sd

fpspfs; kw;Wk; gy;tbt tbtikg;Gfspd; tbtj;jpw;Ff; nfhz;LtUfpd;wdH. rq;fpypj; ijay;> mOj;jj; ijay; kw;Wk; gpd; ijay; (ghf;ah ijay; vd gpugykhf mwpag;gLfpwJ) Kjypait ngz;fspd; Nkw;rl;ilfspYk; Mz;fspd; Nkw;rl;ilfspYk; (Nfbak;) Kaw;rpf;fg;gLfpd;wd.

jNgupah ughup HughupfspilNa %d;W cgFOf;fs; cs;sd – fr;rp> jNgupah kw;Wk; tfhbah. fr;rpAk; jNgupahTk; xU fhyj;jpy; xNu gpupthf ,Ue;jd vd;whYk; $l> mit 1940-,y; gpupf;fg;gl;ld. kw;wtw;wpdpilNa> ,e;jf; FO kpf mgptpUj;jpaile;j Myq;fhu mwpitf; nfhz;bUe;jJ. ,e;j vk;gn ; uha;lup cr;rpfs;> nghj;jhd;fs;> ijay;fs; kw;Wk; fj;jupg;Gfspy; njhopyhsupd; fLikahd Ntiyiag; gpujpgypf;fpwJ. if vk;gn ; uha;lupapd; kPjhd jil ,jd; mgptpUj;jpia epWj;jptpl;lJ vd;why; $l> ,J fiy tbtj;jpd; fiyQhdj;ij NrhHtilar; nra;atpy;iy.

Neud; ,J fz;zpd; GUtk; vd;w mHj;jKs;s Neud; vd;w nrhy;ypypUe;J tUfpwJ. ,J xU tisthd trptj;ij cUthf;Fk; nghj;jhd; Jthuj; ijay;fspd; gpupTfisf; fhl;LfpwJ. ,Ue;jhYk;> Neud; vk;gn ; uha;lup MdJ jdf;nfd xU nrhe;j ,lj;ijg; gpbj;Js;sJ vd;gijf; ftdpg;gJ Rthu];akhf cs;sJ. cz;ikapy; ,J fNuf; kw;Wk; ghf;Nfh vk;gn ; uha;lupfSld; cUthfpajhff; fUjg;gl;lJ.

nrg;uk;gH–xf;NuhgH 2015

n

85

n

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

nfhz;lhl;lq;fs;

gz;ghl;Lg; ngUik

kw;Wk; rk;gpujhaq;fs;

Fy;Y gs;sj;jhf;fpy; ghuk;gupa FJ}fyj;Jld; jruh nfhz;lhlg;gLfpwJ> nfhz;lhl;lq;fs; fhz;gjw;F fz;nfhs;shf; fhl;rpahf cs;sd ciu | k`pkh rhjh

,j;jpUtpoh tp[ajrkp vd miof;fg;gLk; tsHgpiwapd; 10 MtJ ehspy; gue;j fhl;rpAs;s gs;sj;jhf;fpy; njhlq;FfpwJ

,e;jpa juprdk;

n

86

n

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

jruh tpohf; nfhz;lhl;lq;fs; ehl;bd; epiyiag; gw;wpf; $wpdhH. Mdhy; kw;wg; ghfq;fspy; KbtilAk; mij ek;g kWj;j rdk;> rpiyiaj; J} ehsd;W jhd; mJ ,khr;ryg; gpuNjr f;f Kad;wdH> Mdhy; mJ mtHfshy; khepyj;jpYs;s Fy;Ytpy; Muk;gpf;fpd;wd mirf;f KbahjthW kpfTk; ghukhf vd;W cq;fSf;Fj; njupAkh? NkYk; ,q;F khwpaJ. Kw;wpYk; khwhf> mij gpuhkzH ,uhtzd;> mtuJ rNfhjuH Fk;gfHzd; J}f;fpa NghJ> mJ xU ,wifg; Nghy kw;Wk; kfd; Nkfehjd; KjypNahupd; fdkpy;yhky; ,Ue;jJ. cUtg;glq;fs; ,q;F vupf;fg;gLtjpy;iy ,Wjpahf> Fy;Ytpy; Ml;rpGupAk; vd;W njupAkh? ,e;jj; jpUtpoh nja;tkhf me;jr; rpiy epWtg;gl;lJ> tp[ajrkp vd miof;fg;gLk; kd;dH me;jr; rpiyapd; Gdpj tsHgpiwapd; 10 MtJ ehspy; ePiu mUe;jpa gpd;dH kl;LNk njhlq;fp> VO ehl;fSf;Fj; rhgk; ePq;fpaJ. mjd; njhlHfpwJ. gpd;dH> m];tpd; khjj;jpd; ,j;jpUtpohf; Kjy; gjpide;J fhyk;> gs;sj;jhf;if ,uTfspy; (nrg;uk;gH Ml;rpGupe;j uh[h n[fj; eLg;gFjpapypUe;J rpq;fpd; fhykhd 1637 xf;NuhgH eLg;gFjp tiu)> Mk; tUlj;jpw;Nf murH mg;gs;sj;jhf;fpd; nrd;WtpLfpwJ. xU 365 Mz; ngz; ehs;> me;j ,lj;jpd; rhkpahHfisAk; Fbahdtd; JHf;fh mioj;J ,uFehjUf;Fr; jj;jplk; xU rpy nra;Ak; nfsutkhf xU Kj;Jf;fs; ,Ug;gjhf ahfk; nra;jhH. kd;dUf;Fj; njupa te;jJ. me;jj; jpUtpoh me;j Kj;Jf;fisj; jdf;Fr; ,d;W rka kzj;JlDk; nrhe;jkhf;f epidj;j rk;gpujhaq;fSld; njhlHe;J murH mtw;iwj; jk;kplk; nfhz;lhlg;gLfpwJ. mjd; ifaspf;FkhW jj;jpw;F Kjy; ehspy;> ,uFehjf; ,f;fz;fhl;rpapd; cj;jutpl;lhH. jj; jd;dplk; flTspd; rpy xU NjH kPJ Kjy; ehspy;> mg;gb xd;Wkpy;iy vd;W Vw;wg;gl;L> nfhz;lhl;lq;fs; ,uFehjf; muriur; rkhjhdg;gLj;j eilngWfpd;w tprhykhfTs;s vt;tsNth Kad;whH> Mdhy; jhy;g+H ikjhdj;jpy; flTspd; rpy vy;yhk; tPzhapd. kd;dH itf;fg;gLfpwJ. xU NjH kPJ jdf;F jz;lidaspj;J fz;Zf;fpdpa me;j Vw;wg;gLfpwJ tpLthNuh vd;w gaj;jpy;> CHtyj;jpy; E}w;Wf;fzf;fhd jj; jd;Dila FLk;gj;Jld; mf;fpuhkj;jpd; rhkpfs; NrHe;J jd;Dila gq;Fgw;wp> nja;tj;jpw;F tPl;Lf;F neUg;G %l;b vupj;Jtpl;L> kupahij nrYj;JfpwhHfs;. kd;dUf;F rhgkpl;lhH. ,ijj; njhlHe;J KO efuKNk myq;fupf;fg;gLfpwJ> tpiutpy;> n[fj; rpq; njhO Nehahy; ,jdhy; Fy;Ytpd; ,aw;if moFf;F xU ghjpf;fg;gl;lhH> mtH jd;Dila jtiw ftHr;rpahd Njhw;wk; nfhLf;fg;gLfpwJ. czHe;Jnfhz;lhH. ,f;fz;fhl;rp ngupa mstpyhd gz;ghl;L cs;ehl;L Kdptupd; MNyhridapd; gb> epfo;r;rpfSld; elf;fpwJ. MwhtJ ehs;> ,uhkH gpwe;j ,lkhd mNahj;jpapYs;s ,uFehjf; flTspd; Njiu gP]; Mw;Wg; xU NfhapypypUe;J ,uFehjH flTspd; gLf;iff;F ,Oj;Jr; nry;tjw;fhf rpiyiaf; fsntLj;J tUkhW kd;dH rhkpahHfs; xd;W$Lk; xU kdijf; xU gpuhkziu mDg;gpdhH. gpuhkzH nfhs;is nfhs;Sk; ehs; MFk;> me;jr; rpiyiaf; fsntLj;J> jpUk;gp gP]; Mw;Wg; gLf;ifapy; GjHfis te;Jnfhz;bUe;j NghJ> mNahj;jp kf;fs; vupaitj;J> ,yq;ifia vupj;jij me;jf; NfhapypypUe;j rpiy fhzhky; irifapy; ntspg;gLj;Jk; ehs; ,JthFk;.

NghapUg;gij mwpe;jdH. mtHfs; Fy;Ytpy; elf;Fk; jpUtpohTf;F epfuhd gpuhkziuf; ifAk; fsTkhfg; gpbf;f> gfl;by; cs;s mDgtk; NtW vq;Fk; mtNuh uh[h n[fj; rpq;fpd; ,f;fl;lhd fpilg;gJ mupjhFk;.

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

n

87

n

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

ciuahly;

cz;ikahd

uhzp

Njrpa tpUJ ngWfpd;w ebif fq;fdh udhtj; jdf;Fj; jhNd tho;ehs; ,yf;Ffis tplg; ngupa ,yf;Ffis mikj;Js;shH ciu | MHj;jp fg+H rpq;

ntw;wpapd; Vzpapy; VWifapy; ebif nray;gLfpNwd;. jD ntl;]; kD upl;NlHd;]; fq;fdh udhtj; xU Gupahj Gjpuhf jpiug;glj;jpw;Fj; jahuhFtjw;fhf xU khWfpd;whH. mtUila tho;fi ; fia> fpoikahf by;yp gy;fiyf;fof tshfj;jpy; mtUila ek;gpf;iffis kw;Wk; mtUila ,Ue;Njd;> Iakpd;wp khWNtlj;jpy; ,Ue;J> jpiuf; fjhghj;jpuq;fis xUtH $He;J ngz;fs; vg;gb ele;Jnfhs;fpwhHfs; mtjhdpj;jhy;> fq;fdh udhtj; ,khr;ryg; vd;gijf; ftdpj;Njd;” vd;W cz;ikia gpuNjrj;jpYs;s xU rpwpa efuj;jpypUe;J ntspg;gLj;JfpwhH fq;fdh. $r;r RghtKs;s gjpd;gUtj;jpduhf ,Ue;j NlHl;b gpf;rH glj;ij kWj;j ngz;zhd ehspypUe;J> fle;j jrhg;jj;jpy; mtH fq;fdh ngz;fis ikag;gLj;jpAs;s xU ePzl ; J}uj;ijf; fle;jpUg;gij mtH ghj;jpuq;fisj; njupT nra;tjpy; tpopg;ghf czHe;Jnfhs;thH. ,Ue;jhH. ‘vd;idf; ftUk; rpdpkhtpy; Ntiy kz;bapypUe;J Kk;ig tiuahd me;jg; nra;tij tpUk;GfpNwd;> mJ gpnud;Q;> gpuahzk; fq;fdh xU gf;Ftkhd eguhf ,j;jhypa> <uhdpa my;yJ mnkupf;f khWtjw;F cjtpAs;sJ. rpdpkhthf ,Ue;jhYk;. Mdhy;> ‘vd;Dila nray;fSf;fhd Kf;fpaj;Jtk; vd; kPJ ,Uf;Fk; nghWg;ig Vw;f ehd; NghJ vd;dplk; Vuhskhd kz;bapypUe;J fw;Wf;nfhz;Nld;> mNjNghyj; fl;Lg;ghL ,Ug;gjhy;> ngz;iz Kk;ig tiuahd jhd; vd;Dila Ntiyapy; ikag;gLj;Jk; ghj;jpuk; ey;y ek;gpf;if itf;fTk;> fbd czHitj; jUfpwJ vd;Wk; gpuahzk; fq;fdh ciog;ghy; ehd; mile;Js;s $wp itf;fpNwd;. FaPd; xU gf;Ftkhd ,lj;ij re;Njh\khf glj;jpy; ,Ug;gijg; Nghy> eguhf khWtjw;F mDgtpf;fTk; fw;Wf;nfhz;Nld;” ehd; ,y;yhky; xU fhl;rp $l cjtpAs;sJ vd;fpwhH mtH. ,y;iy. upNthy;tH uhzp kw;Wk; “vd;Dila rpwpa efuj;jpy; uh[;N[h Nghd;w jpiug;glq;fs; Foe;ijg;gUtj;jpy; vdf;Ff; vdf;F mjpf ek;gpf;ifiaf; fpilj;j gapw;rpiaAk; fy;tpiaAk; ,l;L nfhz;Ltu cjtpd” vd;W vd;WNk ngUikailfpNwd;> Vndd;why; tho;tpd; NeHikahd fq;fdh xg;Gf;nfhs;fpwhH. me;jr; rpwpa re;Njh\q;fSf;F ehd; mile;j udhtj; fy;tpahHtKs;s xU Foe;ijahf czHr;rpfuk; vd;Dila fjhghj;jpuq;fisr; ,Ue;jhH> Mdhy; kUj;Jt EioTg; rpwg;ghf tpsq;fpf; nfhs;tjpy; vdf;F guPli ; rfis vOjpa NghJ jhd;> jhd; cjTfpd;wd. kf;fisf; ftdpg;gjpYk;> me;j kUj;Jtk; gbf;f Vw;wtuy;y vd;gij fq;fdh mDgtj;ij vd;Dila ghj;jpuq;fSf;Fs; czHe;Jnfhz;lhH. mtH jpiuauq;iff; nfhz;L tUtjpYk; rpwg;ghfr; fz;Lgpbf;Fk; Kd;dH> rq;fj P j;ijf; fw;whH>

,e;jpa juprdk;

n

88

n

nrg;uk;gH–xf;NuhgH 2015

fq;fdh xU jrhg;jj;ij tplf; FWfpa fhyj;jpy; ebg;Gf;fhf ,U Njrpa tpUJfisg; ngw xUNghJNk MHtkhf ,Uf;ftpy;iy

nrg;uk;gH窶度f;NuhgH 2015

n

89

n

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

ciuahly;

vd;idf; ftUk; rpdpkhtpy; Ntiy nra;tij tpUk;GfpNwd;> mJ gpnud;Q;> ,j;jhypa> <uhdpa my;yJ mnkupf;f rpdpkhthf ,Ue;jhYk;.

Mdhy;> Kf;fpaj;Jtk; vd; kPJ ,Uf;Fk; NghJ vd;dplk; Vuhskhd fl;Lg;ghL ,Ug;gjhy;> ngz;iz ikag;gLj;Jk; ghj;jpuk; ey;y czHitj; jUfpwJ vd;Wk; $wp itf;fpNwd;.” fq;fdh udhtj;> Njrpa tpUJ ngWfpd;w ebif

mLj;J fl;b gl;b glj;jpy; ghHf;fg;glTs;s fq;fdh> tho;ehs; ,yf;Ffis tplg; ngupa ,yf;F jd;dplk; cs;sjhf Vw;Wf;nfhs;fpwhH

nkhlypq;if nghOJNghf;fhfr; nra;jhH. tUfpwJ> ebj;jy;> ghLjy; kw;Wk; ,ir mtH gpugy ,af;FdH mHtpe;j; Kjypait Vd; Kf;fpak; vd;gij nfsUld; gzpahw;wpdhH> ,jw;Fg; gpwF mtHfshy; tpsq;fpf;nfhs;tjpy;iy” vd jhd; mtH xU gjpd;gUtj;jpduhf ntspg;gLj;JfpwhH fq;fdh. mLj;J fl;b tPlb ; ypUe;J fPNo ,wq;fp ele;jhH. gl;b glj;jpy; ghHf;fg;glTs;s fq;fdh> jd;Dila Jzpit toq;fpa gpd;dUk; tho;ehs; ,yf;Ffis tplg; ngupa $l> jdJ ngw;NwhHfs; ,yf;F jd;dplk; cs;sjhf mtw;Wf;F vjpuhf Vw;Wf;nfhs;fpwhH. kPzL ; tutpy;iy vd;w ngupa jpl;lj;jpd; gFjp fq;fdh jpiug;glf; cz;ikia fq;fdh vd;dntd;why;> nrd;w fy;Y}upapy; kdjpw;nfhz;bUf;ftpy;iy. tUlk; xd;gJ epkpl gbj;j NghJ xU “mtHfs; jq;fSila ePskhd FWk;glnkhd;iw FWk; glj;ij tho;fi ; f KOtJk; ,af;Ftjpy; mtH nra;Js;s tp\aq;fisf; Kaw;rpj;Js;shH vd;gjhy;> vOjpAs;shH> iftp Ntz;Lnkd;W ehd; xU ehs; nkfh/Nghid ,af;FtjpYk; $l vjpHghHf;f KbahJ. ,yhtfkhff; ifahStJ Kaw;rp nra;Js;shH vd;Dila mg;gh MFk;. mtUila jhq;fs; jq;fSila ,af;fj; jpwikfs; gw;wpa tho;fi ; fapy; Vuhskhfr; Mjhuk; Njit vd;why;> nra;tjhfTk;> ehd; nra;tjpy;iy vd;Wk; fl;b gl;bapd; Kjy; VO epkplq;fisg; epidf;fpwhH. vd;Dila ngw;NwhHfs; ghUq;fs;> mjpy; mtH I-ghil fiyQHfs; my;y> MfNt mtHfs; cgNahfpj;J rf ebfuhd ,k;uhd; jpiug;glq;fis fiyapd; xU tbtkhfg; fhidg; glk;gpbj;Js;shH. ,e;jg; ngz; ghHf;ftpy;iy. ebg;G vq;fpUe;J cz;ikapNyNa jLj;JepWj;j KbahjtH!

Like MEA INDIA

Follow @MEAINDIA

Channel MEA INDIA

,e;jpa juprdk;

n

90

n

nrg;uk;gH–xf;NuhgH 2015

CONSULAR GRIEVANCES MONITORING SYSTEM

02 Step

Click on “Activation” link sent in email (or OTP sent in SMS to Indian Mobile Holders) to activate the account.

03 Step

Log in to the Consular Grievances Monitoring System (MADAD).

Click on “Register Grievances” link to fill details of your grievances.

01 Step

05 Step

Click on “Register (New User)” and fill required details

Click on “Track Grievances Status” link to View latest status and processing done on your grievance.

MADAD Because You Are Us

mymea.in/madad TAMIL

04 Step