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LESSON ELEMENTS
Vocabulary
The meaning of new words to fully understand the text/content.
Tips
A useful hint to help improve skills.
Language structures and conventions
Key language elements that must be studied, understood and applied to the content of the lesson.
Activity
Core content and questions to test the learner’s knowledge.
For the curious
Encouragement to do in-depth research about the content. Expand the activity and exercise to such an extent that learners are encouraged to explore.
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RECOMMENDED READING
All the texts for this year are either in the facilitator’s guide or this study guide – but don’t stop there! Read as much as you can. Reading helps you to relax, improves your concentration and memory, stimulates your creativity and imagination, and helps to make you a better writer. We have included a few suggestions for further reading throughout the study guide.
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INTRODUCTION
This study guide is organised into 4 units and 18 lessons. Each lesson is taught over 2 weeks.
• Unit 1 has five themed lessons.
• Unit 2 has four themed lessons and a mid-year examination.
• Unit 3 has five themed lessons.
• Unit 4 has four themed lessons and a year-end examination.
At the end of units 2 and 4, you write exams.
Each lesson has 4 sections:
1. Listening and speaking
2. Reading and viewing
3. Writing and presenting
4. Language structures and conventions
Each of these sections contains activities. At the beginning of each lesson is a list of the topics covered in that lesson. At the end of each lesson are remedial and extension activities, which you may complete if time allows.
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1
YEAR PLAN
LESSON 1: The power of one
LESSON 2: Cool caves
LESSON 3: Graphic novels
LESSON 4: The world of comics
LESSON 5: Film tourism
LESSON 6: Zoos: Renew or undo?
LESSON 7: Street art
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3
LESSON 8: Fantastic beasts
LESSON 9: Ghosts in the machine
LESSON 10: Under African skies
LESSON 11: Mountain teacher
LESSON 12: Mythical cities
LESSON 13: A stitch in time …
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LESSON 14: A night at the library
4 LESSON 15: Toadally amazing frogs
LESSON 16: Heroes and villains
LESSON 17: ‘It’s all Greek to me …’
LESSON 18: Are we there yet?
Unit 1 (term 1) is in this study guide, unit 2 (term 2) is in study guide 2/4, unit 3 (term 3) is in study guide 3/4, and unit 4 (term 4) is in study guide 4/4.
LESSONS:
The power of one
Cool caves
Graphic novels
The world of comics
Film tourism
Language structures and conventions
Writing and presenting
• Write a spelling test
• Spelling rules and patterns
• Abbreviations
• Sentence structure, verbs, and simple tenses
• Concord
• Nouns and pronouns
• Adjectives
• Prefixes and suffixes
• Direct and indirect speech
• Conjunctions
• Questions • Idioms, proverbs, and euphemisms
• Capitalisation • Spelling patterns: the y-rule • Oxymorons • Language test • Mood
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Reading and viewing
• Create and present a poster
• Create and present an advertisement
• Read and write a letter of appreciation
• Write and present a report
• Write a blog post
• Descriptive essay
• Narrative essay
• Write a report
• Write an interview
• Read an advertisement
• Read a cartoon
• Read an extract from a novel
• Read short stories
• Study key features of a poem
• Read a poem
• Study images for meaning
• Read a contract
• Elements of drama
• Read an extract from a movie screenplay
• Read a magazine article
Listening and speaking
• Have a group discussion
• Discuss an advertisement
• Do a listening comprehension • Class reading activity
• Listen to a text
• Prepared reading
• Discuss a telephone conversation
• Role play a situation
• Unprepared speech
• Listen to a newspaper report
• Give a report
Simple, compound, and complex sentences • Literal and figurative language • Alliteration
Assonance • Personification
UNIT 1: Weeks 1 – 2
In this lesson you will:
• have a group discussion
• do a listening comprehension
LESSON 1:
The power of one
• read and view an advertisement and cartoon strip
• read an extract from a novel
• answer questions on the extract
• design and write an advertisement
• design a poster
• revise sentence structure and concord
• revise abbreviations
SECTION 1 Listening and speaking
‘The
power of one is above all things the power to believe in yourself …’
– Bryce Courtenay
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You are enough
Let’s begin this new year with the decision that you do not have to be more, or do more, or buy more to be who you are meant to be. This does not mean you will never need help – you will simply find it easier to ask for help. It will be easier to admit that some things about you are not perfect, but these things do not reflect on your worth, because you are already enough, just as you are.
You are enough means that you do not have to strive to become more worthy, valid, acceptable, or loved. You already are all those things.
Walk into the new year without fear – you can do this. Believe in yourself and believe that you are strong and brave. You really are.
In this lesson, we will meet Peekay, the hero of the novel, The Power of One, you will read and listen to advertisements and design your own advertisement and poster. Our focus is on being strong, confident, and never doubting the ‘power of one’.
Literature features many brave, strong, and fearless characters we can read about and relate to. We learn from their adventures, their struggles, and how they overcome all the odds. Find these books online or at the library.
Agnes personifies everything strong and pure. Despite her youth and modesty, she is respected for her wisdom and opinions. She manages to stay happy even during times of misery. She has a loving and gentle nature but her mental strength and self-reliance are admirable.
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Dantès is an intelligent, honest, and loving man who turns bitter and vengeful after he is convicted for a crime he did not commit. When Dantès finds himself free and enormously wealthy, he takes it upon himself to reward those who have helped him when things were at their worst and punish those responsible for his years of suffering.
Even vampires can have good sides. Edward Cullen, for example, has a few positive attributes. He is more than a century old and has learnt and grown in many ways. He can be particularly deep and soulful. He loves classical music, art, and the world around him. While Edward has moments of selfishness, he is mostly very caring and loyal. Edward is particularly intelligent and likes learning, he is introverted, thoughtful, and careful about how he treats others.
Agnes Wickfield (David Copperfield by Charles Dickens)
Edmond Dantès (The Count of Monte Cristo by Alexandre Dumas)
Edward Cullen (The Twilight Saga by Stephenie Meyer)
IMPORTANT
Lisbeth Salander (The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo by Stieg Larsson)
Lisbeth Salander, above all else, is a survivor. She is incredibly intelligent with a photographic memory and the ability to understand systems, making her a chess master, a maths genius, and a world-class computer hacker. As strong as Salander is, she is very vulnerable and full of selfdoubt. She has a strict moral code and protects those who cannot protect themselves.
The Millennium series which includes The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo is only appropriate for readers aged 17+. We look at the character of Lisbeth Salander as an example of a strong individual in literature.
Jo March (Little Women by Louisa May Alcott)
Jo has a strong personality and is fiercely determined. She wants nothing more than to go off into the world and make her own way. She has a gift for writing and works hard to get her work published. She refuses to fit in with the Victorian definition of who a woman should be – she stays true to herself and develops her talents. She pursues her dreams in a way that makes her proud and while she is aware of her flaws, she remains independent and dares to move forward. She shows us what it means to be unique, to never give up on our dreams, and remain true to who we are.
(Charlotte’s Web by E.B. White)
Charlotte is an ordinary barn spider with many extraordinary gifts. Sensitive, practical, motherly, and wise, Charlotte introduces herself to Wilbur the pig shortly after he arrives at the Zuckermans’ farm and becomes his guide and friend. She teaches Wilbur many lessons about patience, keeping calm, and learning to be himself. When Charlotte and the other farm animals realise that Wilbur is in danger, she spins ‘miraculous’ webs to save him. Charlotte sacrifices her time and energy to keep her friend safe.
‘Charlotte, there must be something I can do …’
‘No, Wilbur, don’t you know what you’ve already done? You made me your friend, and in doing so you made a spider beautiful to everyone in that barn.’
‘I didn’t do anything Charlotte, you did it all …’
‘No, my webs were no miracle Wilbur, I was only describing what I saw. The miracle is you.’
Charlotte
Activity 1: Have a group discussion
‘Why fit in when you were born to stand out?’
– Dr Seuss
Discuss these points in class. Say whether you agree or disagree with the statements.
REMEMBER: Be respectful, tolerant, and act appropriately. Allow everyone a turn to speak and give their opinion. Participate and keep the discussion going. Use class discussions as an opportunity to practise speaking English and build your confidence. No one will judge you – we all learn something new each day.
Five reasons to stand out from the crowd.
1. Freedom
You have the freedom to do whatever you want. Instead of thinking as everyone expects you to, you are free to do what is right for you. You can do what you enjoy instead of wasting time on things you do not care about.
2. Connection
You can connect with people who share similar interests. It may be difficult to have real friendships with others if you are always in the crowd. But if you step outside the crowd, you have a better chance of forming genuine friendships with people who have the same interests as you.
3. Creativity
You cannot learn and discover things about yourself if you are trying to be like everyone else. Outside the crowd, you can be creative, original and explore things that interest you.
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4. Strength
You will become stronger if you hold on to your values. Do not let what others think become your reality. Do not try to please everyone or worry needlessly about their opinions of you. People are going to judge you no matter what you do, so just live in your truth. Be strong and live for yourself while others struggle to fit in.
5. Your true self
Do not be a ‘copy’ of someone else because that is not who you are. You need to be your true self. It is the best way to live, and you will be a lot happier with your life.
Activity 2: Discuss an advertisement
You know by now that advertisements try to sell consumers things (most often something you do not need!): a product, a service, or an idea. Sometimes, however, an advertisement is not selling something, it has a different aim – to inform, recruit, raise funds, etc.
Read the advertisement and answer the questions in class.
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1. What is your opinion about the use of colour in the advertisement?
2. What is being advertised?
3. Who would be interested in this advertisement?
4. Where is the wordplay in the advertisement?
5. What is the tone of the advertisement? Why is this tone used?
6. Do you like the company’s logo? Why or why not? Remember, when you are asked to say whether you like something or not, you cannot just say yes or no. You must be able to motivate your choice.
7. From the line ‘we don’t believe in blending in’ what can you infer about the company?
8. ‘True colours’ is an example of an . What does it mean? What does it mean in the context of the advertisement?
Activity 3: Do a listening comprehension
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Listen to the advertisement your facilitator will read to you. It is from the Nike: ‘Find Your Greatness’ marketing campaign.
Pay attention to the text and make notes as your facilitator reads. You will discuss a few points afterwards in class.
Read the information in the box before you listen to the advertisement and try to apply some of the tips to your listening – not only now, but every day and in other subjects.
What is active listening?
Listening is one of the most important skills to develop. How well you listen has a major impact on your studies and learning process.
What do we listen for?
• We listen to obtain information.
• We listen to understand
• We listen for enjoyment
• We listen to learn.
Can you see how these skills relate to all your school subjects and life in general? It takes a lot of concentration and practise to be an active listener. We all have habits of not listening when someone is speaking – or we listen with an answer already on the tip of our tongue. Work hard to break these habits and become an active listener.
There are five key techniques you can use to develop your active listening skills:
1. Pay attention
• Put aside distracting thoughts.
• Avoid being distracted by environmental factors. For example, side conversations. Do not be distracted by your fellow learners, focus on the task at hand.
2. Show that you are listening – use your body language to show that you are interested and engaged.
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3. Provide feedback – when your facilitator asks questions or asks for your opinion, make sure you can answer. By providing feedback they can determine whether you understand the content of the text and the lesson. If you do not understand something, say that too! Never assume that your facilitator knows what you are thinking, it is up to you to tell them and ask for help.
4. Do not be ready to judge – never interrupt when someone is speaking or reading to you. Listen until the end and then form an opinion.
5. Respond appropriately
• Active listening encourages respect and understanding. You are gaining information and perspective. Act respectfully when you are asked a question or for your opinion. You add nothing by being disruptive or disrespectful in a discussion.
• Be open and honest in your response.
• Treat others in the class the way you would want to be treated.
Listen carefully as your facilitator reads the advertisement the first time. Just listen, do not make any notes. On the second reading, you may make notes to discuss the questions afterwards. Read through the questions and the vocabulary box so you know what to listen for.
prodigy: Someone with a very great ability that usually shows itself when that person is a young child.
insurmountable: (Especially of a problem or a difficulty) so great that it cannot be dealt with successfully.
adversity: A difficult or unlucky situation or event.
1. Do you agree or disagree with the statement that we are all capable of greatness? Remember to motivate your point of view.
2. How is greatness personified twice in the advertisement?
3. Name the three ‘official’ things you do not need to be great.
4. What does greatness not need? What do you think this means in real life?
5. What does ‘facing your fears’ mean?
6. Why are you great? Name one thing that makes you different from others. Don’t be shy to say what makes you great – you are allowed to feel good about yourself or something you have achieved. Tell everyone about it.
SECTION 2
Reading and viewing
Let’s recap a few reading techniques/strategies you can (and must!) use throughout the year. You know most of them, but revision is always good.
SAMPLE
Skimming and scanning are used for different purposes. The skill you must develop is knowing what specific information to read and which method to use.
What is skimming?
Skimming is one way to read more in less time. When you skim a text, you only look for the general or main ideas and this works best with non-fiction (or factual) material. You do not read everything, you only read what is important to your purpose. Skimming lets you look for details in addition to the main ideas.
• A complete guide with all the texts (contemporary and classic) for comprehension exercises, speeches, and reading included.
• Contains tips for better writing, critical reading and understanding.
• Various levels of questions and activities to develop language skills and critical thinking.
• Complete explanations on grammar and syntax
• Practical examples of writing tasks.
• Encourages independent reading and research and broadens vocabulary.
