InternationalJournalofHumanities andSocialSciences(IJHSS)
ISSN(P):2319
393X;ISSN(E):2319
Vol.11,Issue2,Jul
©IASET
Dec2022;63
70
3948
ASTUDYONINVOLVEMENTOFTRIBALYOUTHINDIFFERENTAGRICULTURE
PRACTICESINKORIYADISTRICTOFCHHATTISGARH
JardenDavidMinj1&Jahanara2
ABSTRACT
ThestudywasconductedinKoriyaDistrictofChhattisgarhtomeasuretheinvolvementoftribalyouthindifferent agriculturepractices.Atotalnumberof122respondentswereselectedpurposivelyfrom11villagesunderBaikunthpur blocktomeasurethelevelofinvolvementindifferentagriculturepractices.Thedatawascollectedbypersonalinterview methodbyusingpre-structuredinterviewscheduleandlatterappropriatestatisticalanalysiswasdonetodrawlogical conclusion.Thestudyrevealedthat(44.26%)oftherespondentsareundermiddleyoungagegroup(26-30years).Itwas foundthatmost(40.16%)oftherespondentsareunderhighersecondarypassed.Itwasfoundthatmost(61.47%)ofthe respondentsareundermediumfamilysize.Itwasfoundthatmost(50%)oftherespondentsareunder1to3lakhannual income.Itwasfoundthatmajority(50%)oftherespondentsareunderagricultureasmainoccupation.Itwasfoundthat majority(45.90%)oftherespondentsarehavingsourceofinformationaremediumlevel.Majorityoftherespondents (53.57%)hadmediumlevelofparticipation,followedby(31.14%)oftherespondentshadhighlevelofparticipationand only(15.57%)oftherespondentshadlowlevelofparticipationindifferentagriculturepractices
KEYWORDS:AgriculturePractices,Involvement,TribalYouth
ArticleHistory
Received:20Jul2022|Revised:26Jul2022|Accepted:28Jul2022
INTRODUCTION
Youthisaformativeaswellasatransitoryphase.Inthefieldsofyouthresearch,theconceptof‘transitions’is problematisedintermsofitsusefulnessforunderstandinganddevelopingprogrammestosupportyoungpeople.Thefocus onyouth,althoughrecent,isimminentbecauseofthepotentialofthisagegrouptoshapenotjustthesocio-politicaland economicsphereofone’scommunitybutalsosustainmooringofone’scultureandvalues.Steinberg(2006)rightlypoints outthatyouthcultureisinfluencedbythehistoricalandsocialforces.Shefurtherarguesthatanystudyofyouthculture shouldappreciatethediversityandcomplexityofyouthandshouldneverequatedifferencewithdeficiency.Asweknow,a countrylikeIndiahasvarieddifferencesacrossregion,religion,classandothersocialcategories.Indianyouthculture, therefore,showstremendousvarieties.Despiteglobalinfluences,Indianyouthculturemirrorcontinuityalongwithchange. DeSouzaetal.(2009)hasproposedfewrubricstounderstandtheIndianyouthinachangingworld.Theseincludetrust andcirclesofbelonging,familyandsocialnetworks,leisureandlifestyle,politicsanddemocracy,governanceand development,nationandtheworldand,finally,anxietyandaspiration.ThisstudybyDeSouzaetal.wasverypopularand trendsettingforfuturestudiesonIndianyouth.Atthisstage,wewouldliketorecognisethatmostoftheserubricsformthe
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2ResearchScholar,DepartmentofAgricultureExtension&Communication,SHUATS,Prayagraj,India 2Professor&DepartmentofAgricultureExtension&Communication,SHUATS,Prayagraj,India–
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everydayexperiencesofSTyouthaswell.TheyechothelifeandtimeoftribesinIndia.Forinstance,STyouthwouldlive inharmonywithnatureandwouldattesttoegalitarianlifestyle.Individualidentitywaslessimportantastheyareonewith natureandwiththeircommunityofpractice.Totheseyouth,therefore,displacementhasbeentraumaticnomatterifthis wasphysical,culturalorsocioeconomic.BecomingpartofthemainstreamwouldrequireeffortsbytheSTyouthaswellas thoseinthemainstream.ItisusuallyfoundthatSTyouthculturedifferencesareequatedwithdeficiency.Thisdeficiency, then,isattemptedtobesolvedbyremedialmeasuresinmostpublicpolicydiscoursesofthegovernment.Whilecultural traitsandpracticesshouldbeamatterofcelebration,theSTyouthexperienceabjecthumiliation.Guru(2009)makesus awarethathumiliationisamatterofattitudeintheWest,whereasintheEastitisanotion.Theformercaseismainly groundedintheexperienceofrace;thelatterforegroundsitinuntouchability.Thesocialparadoxproducedbythe dominanteliteineithersocietyforperpetuatinghumiliationisconstructedandre-constructedusingsocialpracticesto differentiate‘us’and‘them’.Tominimisethisdistance,STyouthtrytodeculturalisethemselvesbylearningmainstream cultureandvalues(RajandRaj,2004).Whilethisallowsthemtobecomepartofthemainstream,thetraitsoftheir culturearelost.Theeducationalsystemdevisedandbeingimplementedintribalareasonlycreatesmiragefortheseyouth evenastheydeprivethemoftheirheritage,theirprocessesofknowing,andtheirbeing.Thepedagogyfollowedrelieson bankingconceptofeducationthatlimitstheircapacitytothinkandmakesthemmererecipientof‘deposit’considered usefulbythedominanteliteofIndiansociety.
RESEARCHMETHODOLOGY
Descriptiveresearchdesignwasfollowedforthisstudyasitdescribesthecharacteristicsorphenomenonthatarebeing studied.ThestudywasconductedatKoriyadistrictofChhattisgarh.Baikunthpurblockwasselectedpurposivelyoutof4 blocksinKoriyadistricts.11villageswereselectedrandomlyoutof126villagesunderthisblockfromwhere122 respondentswereinterviewedrandomlyforthestudy.
OBJECTIVE
1.Todeterminethesocio–economicprofileoftherespondents
2.Todeterminetheinvolvementoftribalyouthindifferentagriculturepractices.
RESULTANDDISCUSSIONS
1.ToDeterminetheSocio–EconomicProfileoftheRespondents
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ImpactFactor(JCC):7.0987 NAASRating3.17
Table1:Socio–EconomicProfileandSelectedIndependentVariablesoftheRespondents S.No.IndependentVariables Categories FrequencyPercentage 1 Age Loweryoungage 32 26.22% Middleyoungage 54 44.26% Upperyoungage 36 29.50% 2 Education Illiterate 1 0.81% Primaryschool 4 3.28% Middleschool 9 7.37% Highschool 30 24.60% Highersecondary 49 40.16% Graduateandabove 29 23.77% 3. Maritalstatus Unmarried 96 78.68% Married 26 21.31%
Table1Itwasfoundthatmost(44.26%)oftherespondentsareundermiddleyoungagegroup(26–30years).It wasfoundthatmost(40.16%)oftherespondentsareunderhighersecondarypassed.Itwasfoundthatmost(61.47%)of therespondentsareundermediumfamilysize.Itwasfoundthatmost(50%)oftherespondentsareunder1to3lakh annualincome.Itwasfoundthatmajority(50%)oftherespondentsareunderagricultureasmainoccupation.Itwasfound thatmajority(45.90%)oftherespondentsarehavingsourceofinformationaremediumlevel.Itwasfoundthatmajority (48.36%)oftherespondentsarehavingmediumextensioncontact.Itwasfoundthatmajority(57.64%)oftherespondents arehavingmediumlevelofscientificorientation.Itwasfoundthatmost(78.68%)oftherespondentsareunmarried.itwas foundthatmajority(63.11%)oftherespondentshaveundermoderateattitude.
Table2:InvolvementofTribalYouthinDifferentAgriculturePractices
AStudyonInvolvementofTribalYouthinDifferentAgriculturePracticesinKoriyaDistrictofChhattisgarh 65 www.iaset.us editor@iaset.us Table1.Contd., 4 Familyoccupation Agriculture 61 50% Agriculture+labour 24 19.67% Agriculture+business 20 16.39% Agriculture+service 17 13.93% 5 Familysize Small(upto4member) 18 14.75% Medium(5-8members) 75 61.47% Large(above8members) 29 23.77% 6. FamilyannualIncome Low(uptoRs100000) 38 31.14% Medium(Rs100001toRs300000) 56 45.90% High(aboveRs300000) 28 22.95% 7 Sourceofinformation Lowutilization 38 31.14% Mediumutilization 56 45.90% Highutilization 28 22.95% 8. Extensioncontact Low 35 28.68% Medium 59 48.36% High 28 22.95% 9 Attitude Lessfavourable 26 21.31% Moderatefavourable 77 63.11% Morefavourable 19 15.57% 10 Decisionmaking Low 24 19.67% Medium 59 48.36% High 39 31.96% 11. Scientificorientation Low 19 15.57% Medium 63 51.64% High 40 32.78%
2.InvolvementofTribalYouthinDifferentAgriculturePractices
S.No AgriculturePractices Mostly Sometimes Never f % f % f % 1. Inlandploughing 4234.43%2621.31%3629.51% 2. Inlandlevelling 5847.54%4335.25%2117.21% 3. Constructionofdrainsandbunds 5948.36%4032.79%2318.85% 4. Inscatteringofcowdungmanureinthefield 5645.90%4133.61%2419.67% 5. Nurserypreparation 7259.02%2520.49%1512.30% 6. Selectionofseed 6150.00%4032.79%2016.39% 7. Inseedtreatment 3226.23%2016.39%7057.38% 8. Insowing 5444.26%4839.34%2016.39% 9. Ploughingatthetimeofsowing 5242.62%3831.15%3226.23% 10 Preparationthefieldbeforeplanting 5242.62%4436.07%2621.31% 11. Inplanting 6049.18%4637.70%1613.11% 12 Intheconstructionofdrainsandgoonsforirrigation 2621.31%2722.13%6956.56%
InLandPloughing
Thisstudywasrevealedthat(Table2)34.43%respondentsaremostlyinvolvedand21.31%respondentsaresometimes and29.51%respondentswereinvolvedneverinvolvedinlandploughing.
InLandLevelling
Thisstudywasrevealedthat(Table2)47.54%respondentsaremostlyinvolvedand35.25%respondentsaresometimes and17.21%respondentswereneverinvolvedinlandlevelling.
ConstructionofDrainsandBunds
Thisstudywasrevealedthat(Table2)48.36%respondentsweremostlyinvolvedand32.79%respondentsweresometimes and18.85%respondentswereneverinvolvedinconstructionofdrainsandbunds.
InScatteringofCowdungManureintheField
Thisstudywasrevealedthat(Table2)45.90%respondentsaremostlyinvolvedand33.61%respondentsaresometimes and19.67%respondentsareneverinvolvementinscatteringofcowdungmanureinthefield.
NurseryPreparation
Thisstudywasrevealedthat(Table2)59.02%respondentsaremostlyinvolvedand20.49%respondentsaresometimes and12.30%areneverinvolvedinnurserypreparation.
SelectionofSeed
Thisstudywasrevealedthat(Table2)50.00%respondentsaremostlyinvolvedand32.79%respondentsaresometimes and16.39%areneverinvolvedinselectionofseed.
InSeedTreatment
Thisstudywasrevealedthat(Table2)57.38%respondentsareneverinvolvedand26.23%respondentsaremostly involvedand16.39%aresometimesinvolvedinseedtreatment.
InSowing
Thisstudywasrevealedthat(Table2)44.26%respondentsaremostlyinvolvedand39.34%aresometimesand16.39%are neverinvolvedinsowing.
66 JardenDavidMinj&Jahanara ImpactFactor(JCC):7.0987 NAASRating3.17 Table2:Contd., 13 Whileirrigation 3730.33%3629.51%4940.16% 14 Inconstructionofdrainsfordrainage 3629.51%4133.61%4536.89% 15 Inweeds 3427.87%5948.36%2923.77% 16 Innidaiandgudai 3528.69%6855.74%1915.57% 17 Instandingcropcare 3024.59%5242.62%4032.79% 18 Inherbicidesused 3327.05%4738.52%3226.23% 19 Inmanure/fertilizersused 3831.05%4335.25%2117.21% 20Inpesticidesandinsecticidesused 4133.61%5847.54%3226.23% 21 Inharvesting 6351.64%3831.15%2117.21% 22. Inthetransportofthethreshingfloorofharvestedcrop7863.93%3629.51%86.56% 23 Inminjaiandosai 5746.72%4637.70%1915.57% 24 Instorageofcrop 5141.80%5141.80%2117.21% 25 Inthesaleofproduce 2822.05%8569.67%97.38%
PloughingattheTimeofSowing
Thisstudywasrevealedthat(Table2)42.62%respondentsaremostlyinvolvedand31.15%aresometimesand26.23%are neverinvolvedinploughingatthetimeofsowing.
PreparationtheFieldbeforePlanting
Thisstudywasrevealedthat(Table2)42.62%respondentsaremostlyinvolvedand36.07%aresometimesand21.31%are neverinvolvedinpreparationthefieldsbeforeplanting
InPlanting
Thisstudywasrevealedthat(Table2)49.18%respondentsaremostlyinvolvedand37.70%aresometimesand13.11%are neverinvolvedinplanting.
IntheConstructionofDrainsandGoonsforIrrigation
Thisstudywasrevealedthat(Table2)56.56%respondentsareneverinvolvedand21.31%aresometimesand22.13%are mostlyinvolvedintheconstructionofdrainsandgoonsforirrigation.
Whileirrigation
Thisstudywasrevealedthat(Table2)40.16%areneverinvolvedand30.33%respondentsaremostlyand29.51%are sometimesinwhileirrigation.
InConstructionofDrainsforDrainage
Thisstudywasrevealedthat(Table2)36.89%respondentsareneverinvolvedand33.61%aresometimesand29.51%are mostlyinvolvedinconstructionofdrains.
InWeeds
Thisstudywasrevealedthat(Table2)48.36%respondentsaresometimesinvolvedand27.87%aremostlyinvolvedand 23.77%areneverinvolvedinweeding.
InNidaiandGudai
Thisstudyrevealedthat(Table2)55.74%respondentsaresometimesinvolvedand28.69%aremostlyinvolvedand 15.57%areneverinvolvedinnidaiandgudai.
InStandingCropCare
Thisstudywasrevealedthat(Table2)42.62%respondentsaresometimesinvolvedand32.79%areneverinvolvedand 24.59%aremostlyinvolvedinstandingcropcare.
InHerbicidesUsed
Thisstudywasrevealedthat(Table2)38.52%respondentsaresometimesinvolvedand27.05%aremostlyinvolvement and26.23%areneverinvolvedinherbicidesused.
AStudyonInvolvementofTribalYouthinDifferentAgriculturePracticesinKoriyaDistrictofChhattisgarh 67
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InManure/Fertilizersused
Thisstudywasrevealedthat(Table2)35.25%respondentsaresometimesinvolvedand31.05%aremostlyinvolvedand 17.21%areneverinvolvedinmanure/fertilizersused.
InPesticidesandInsecticidesused
Thisstudywasrevealedthat(Table2)47.54%respondentsaresometimesinvolvedand33.61%respondentsaremostly involvedand26.23%areneverinvolvedinpesticidesandinsecticidesused.
InHarvesting
Thisstudywasrevealedthat(Table2)51.64%respondentsaremostlyinvolvedand31.15%aresometimesinvolvedand 17.21%areneverinvolvedinharvesting.
IntheTransportoftheThreshingFloorofHarvestedCrop
Thisstudyrevealedthat(Table2)63.93%respondentsaremostlyinvolvedand29.51%aresometimesand6.56%are neverinvolvedinthetransportofthefloorofharvestedcrop.
Inminjaiandosai
Thisstudywasrevealedthat(Table2)46.72%respondentsaremostlyinvolvedand37.70%aresometimesand15.57%are neverinvolvedinminjaiandosai.
InStorageofCrop
Thisstudywasrevealedthat(Table2)41.80%respondentsaremostlyandsometimesinvolvedand17.21%arenever involvedinstoragecrop.
InSaleofProduce
Thisstudywasrevealedthat(Table2)69.67%respondentsaresometimesinvolvedand22.05%respondentsaremostly involvedand7.38%areneverinvolvedinthesaleofproduce.
2.1OverallInvolvementofTribalYouthinDifferentAgriculturePractices
Table3.DistributionofRespondentsBasedonOverallInvolvementof
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ImpactFactor(JCC):7.0987 NAASRating3.17
S.No. Involvement Frequency Percentage 1. Low 19 15.57% 2. Medium 65 53.27% 3. High 38 31.14%
TribalYouthinDifferentAgriculturePractices
Thedataconcerningtheoverallparticipationoftribalyouthindifferentagriculturepracticesarecompliedin Table3Majorityoftherespondents(53.57%)hadmediumlevelofparticipation,followedby(31.14%)oftherespondents hadhighlevelofparticipationandonly(15.57%)oftherespondentshadlowlevelofparticipationindifferentagriculture practices.SimilarfindingarealsoreportedbySandeliya(2015)
CONCLUSION
Mostoftherespondentshadmiddleyoungagegroup44.26%.About40.16%oftherespondentshadhighersecondary educationlevel,78.68%ofthetribalyouthhadunmarried.Majorityoftribalyouthparentsarefatherwereliterateand motherwereilliterate,majorityoftherespondentdoingagricultureasthemainoccupationandmosttherespondentswere havingannualincomeintherangeofRs1to3lakh.
Almostalltherespondentsgetinformationregardingtheagriculturepracticesfromfriends,neighbourand relativesandmajorityoftherespondentshadmoderatelyfavourableperceptionofthetribalyouthtowardsagriculture practices.
Mostoftherespondentshadmediumlevelofdecisionmakingofdifferentagriculturepracticesandmajorityof therespondentshadmediumlevelofextensioncontact.
therespondentshadmediumlevelofextensioncontact.
Regardingscientificorientationoftherespondentmajorityhadmediumlevelofscientificorientationofdifferent agricultureactivities.
Asregardstothemaximuminvolvementoftribalyouthofagriculturepracticeswerefoundinsaleofproduceand overallinvolvementinagriculturepracticesismediuminvolvement.
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AStudyonInvolvementofTribalYouthinDifferentAgriculturePracticesinKoriyaDistrictofChhattisgarh 69
Figure1:DistributionofRespondentsAccordingtotheirOverall InvolvementinAgriculturePractices.
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ImpactFactor(JCC):7.0987
NAASRating3.17
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