RETHINKING THE DESIGN OF THE CITY: THE GRID AS SCORE FOR IT
35.7m +66.8% -11.1%
60.0m +0.0% -0.0%
city catalog city catalog zhengzhou
Barcelona
FACADE AND CONTINUITY: URBAN GRID Data Data Analysis Data Analysis Analysis
Barcelona
city catalog
zhengzhou
zhengzhou
Xi'an
Bilbao
Xi'an
72.7%
88.9%
100% Continuity: 84.7%
83.0%
72.7%
88.9%
83.0%
23.7m +26.5% -32.5% 0.0854
21.3m +19.3% -11.1% 95.6% 0.0158
22.6m +32.7% -11.5% 72.7% 0.05611
27.4m +9.6% -26.8 0.0267
23.7m +26.5% -32.5% 0.0854
21.3m +19.3% -11.1% 0.0158
22.6m +32.7% -11.5% 0.05611
Bilbao
27.4m +9.6% -26.8 0.0267
100%
89.9%
23.8m Height: 30.1m +21.7% Deviation: 0.0522
83.0% -16.5%
88.9%
21.3m +19.3% -11.1% 0.0158
city catalog catalog city city catalog catalog city catalog catalog city city Zhengzhou Zhengzhou
Zhengzhou Zhengzhou Zhengzhou Zhengzhou
New York
Barcelona
89.9%
83.6%
95.6% 95.6%
72.7% 72.7%
95.6% 88.9% 95.6% 88.9%
60.0m +0.0% -0.0% 0.0000
35.7m +66.8% -11.1% 0.0756
32.0m +0.0% +0.0% 0.0223
39.3m +52.4% -18.7% 100% 0.1716
60.0m +0.0% -0.0% 0.0000
35.7m +66.8% -11.1% 0.0756
32.0m +0.0% +0.0% 0.0223
39.3m +52.4% -18.7% 0.1716
72.7% 83.0% 95.6% 72.7% 83.0% 95.6%
88.9% 88.9%
72.7% 72.7%
22.6m 22.6m +32.7% +32.7% -11.5% -11.5%
100%
100%
100%
81.9% Continuity: 100%
30.1m +21.7% -16.5% 0.0151
30.3m +21.0% - 3.8% 0.0079
35.7m 35.7m +66.8% +66.8% -11.1% -11.1%
60.0m 60.0m +0.0% +0.0% -0.0% -0.0%
city catalog
Barcelona Barcelona
60.0m39.3m 60.0m +0.0%39.3m +52.4% +0.0% -18.7% -0.0%+52.4% -0.0%-18.7%
32.0m 32.0m +0.0% +0.0% +0.0% +0.0%
Bilbao
89.9% 89.9%
100% 83.6% 100% 83.6%
35.7m 35.7m +66.8% +66.8% -11.1% -11.1%
New York
48.5% 89.9% 48.5% 89.9%
39.3m 35.7m 39.3m 35.7m +52.4% +66.8% +52.4% +66.8% -18.7% -11.1% -18.7% -11.1%
32.0m 60.0m 32.0m 60.0m +0.0% +0.0% +0.0% +0.0% +0.0% -0.0% +0.0% -0.0%
48.5% 48.5%
83.6% 83.6%
39.3m 39.3m +52.4% +52.4% -18.7% -18.7%
32.0m 32.0m +0.0% +0.0% +0.0% +0.0%
100% 100%
100% 95.6% 100%
100% 100%
100% 72.7% 100%
Mexico City
100% 100% 100% 100%
100% 88.9% 100%
100% 100%
100% 83.0% 100%
100% 100% Continuity:
100% 100%
30.3m 30.3m +21.0% +21.0% - 3.8% - 3.8%
27.0m 23.7m 30.1m 27.0m +22.5% 30.1m +21.7% +26.5% +22.5% -32.5% - 7.1% +21.7% -16.5% 72.7% - 7.1% -16.5% 0.0854
32.8m 27.4m 32.8m +19.3% +9.6% +19.3% -26.8 -11.1% 95.6% -11.1% 0.0267
San Francisco
30.3m 30.3m +21.0% +21.0% - 3.8% - 3.8%
Xi'an
32.7m 32.7m +12.1% +12.1% -2.3% -2.3%
Barcelona
New York York New
New York York New
100% 100%
30.1m 27.0m 22.6m 30.3m 30.1m 27.0m 30.3m +21.7% +22.5%+32.7% +21.0% +21.7% +22.5% +21.0% -11.5% -16.5% - 7.1% 83.0% - 3.8% -16.5% - 7.1% 0.05611 - 3.8%
32.8m 21.3m 32.8m +19.3% +19.3% +19.3% -11.1% -11.1% 88.9% -11.1% 0.0158
27.0m 32.8m Height: 27.0m 32.8m +22.5% +19.3% +22.5% +19.3% - 7.1% -11.1% Deviation: Continuity: - 7.1% -11.1%
33.7m 33.7m +8.7% +8.7% -3.4% -3.4%
21.3m +19.3% -11.1% 0.0158
100% 100%
88.2% 81.1% 88.2% 81.1%
35.7m 60.0m +0.0% +66.8% 32.7m -11.1% -0.0% 33.3m 100% 89.9% 32.7m 0.000033.3m 10.0% +12.1%0.0756
10.0% +12.1% -4.0% -2.3% -4.0% -2.3%
Mexico City
100%
87.6% 81.1% 88.2% 100% 87.6% 81.1% 88.2% 100%
39.3m 32.0m +52.4% +0.0% 33.7m +0.0% -18.7% 48.5%33.3m 33.7m 83.6% 32.0m 32.7m 33.7m 0.171633.3m 10.0% 33.7m +8.7% 0.0223 32.0m +0.0% 32.7m +12.1% +8.7%
+0.0% -0.0% +12.1% -2.3% 10.0% -4.0% +8.7% -3.4% -0.0% -2.3% -4.0% -3.4%
+8.7% -3.4% -3.4%
35.7m +66.8% -11.1% 0.0756
60.0m +0.0% -0.0% 0.0000
New York York New
D1
23.8m
88.9%
72.7%
88.9%
83.0%
Barcelona
83.0%
100% 100%
81.9% 81.9%
100%
81.9%100% 81.9%100%
87.7% 87.7%
9%100%
39.3m 39.3m +109.2% +109.2% -33.4% -33.4%
87.6% 87.6%
Bilbao
San Francisco Francisco San 89.9%
100% 83.6%
48.5% 89.9%
48.5%
83.6%
San Francisco Francisco San Francisco Francisco San San Bilbao
30.3m +21.0% - 3.8% 100% 0.0079
30.1m +21.7% -16.5% 0.0151
30.3m +21.0% - 3.8% 0.0079 100%
81.1%
Bogota
93.1% 93.1%
98.4% 98.4%
90.3% 90.3%
82.6% 82.6%
32.7m +12.1% -2.3% 81.1% 0.0283
35.7m +66.8% -11.1%
39.3m 35.7m +52.4% +66.8% -18.7% -11.1%
32.0m 60.0m +0.0% +0.0% +0.0% -0.0%
39.3m +52.4% -18.7%
32.0m +0.0% +0.0%
New York
100%
100% 100%
100%
100%
26.0m 39.3m 26.0m 39.3m +0.0% +109.2% +0.0% +109.2% -0.0% -33.4% -0.0% -33.4%
26.0m 54.2m 26.0m 54.2m +0.0% +52.0% +0.0% +52.0% -0.0% -52.0% -0.0% -52.0%
39.3m 39.3m +109.2% +109.2% -33.4% -33.4%
Bogota 87.6%
26.0m 26.0m +0.0% +0.0% -0.0% -0.0%
30.1m Height: Deviation: 0.0162
27.0m +22.5% - 7.1% 0.0158
32.8m +19.3% -11.1% 0.0087
Continuity: 88.3%
88.2%
51.4m 51.4m +94.7% +94.7% -51.3% -51.3%
44.68m 44.68m +123.8% +123.8% -59.7% -59.7%
22.7m 22.7m +23.5% +23.5% -20.6% -20.6%
24.3m 51.4m 24.3m +94.7% +23.7% 51.4m +23.7% -25.7% +94.7% -51.3% 32.7m 33.7m -25.7% -51.3% +12.1% -2.3% 0.0283
+8.7% -3.4% 0.0037
98.4% 98.4%
32.0m +0.0% -0.0% 87.6% 0.0133
82.6% 90.3% 82.6% 90.3%
98.4% 98.4%
33.3m 10.0% -4.0% 88.2% 0.0144
93.1%
98.4%
90.3%
D4
44.68m +123.8% -59.7% 0.5335
22.7m +23.5% -20.6% 0.0479
24.3m +23.7% -25.7% 0.0637
51.4m +94.7% -51.3% 0.3791
44.68m +123.8% -59.7% 0.5335
22.7m +23.5% -20.6% 0.0479
24.3m +23.7% -25.7% 0.0637
D4
δ 0.7
0.4 0.3 δ 0.2
+0.0% -0.0% 0.0133
10.0% -4.0% 0.0144
44.68m 44.68m +123.8% +123.8% -59.7% -59.7%
100% 100%
100% 100%
26.0m
54.2m
100%+0.0% 100%81.9% -0.0%
39.3m 100% +109.2% 100% -33.4% 87.7% 0.3388
100%+52.0%100% 100%100% -52.0%100% 0.2707
26.0m
100%+0.0% 100% 100%100% 100% -0.0%
100% 100%
0.0000
0.4
30.3m +21.0% - 3.8%
32.8m +19.3% -11.1%
27.0m +22.5% - 7.1%
San Francisco
18.8m 18.8m +54.6% +54.6% -33.3% -33.3%
15.2m 15.2m +38.2% +38.2% -17.7% -17.7%
22.0m 22.0m +104.6% +104.6% -43.1% -43.1%
34.1m 26.0m 34.1m +31.9% +0.0% +31.9% -26.7% -0.0% -26.7%
18.8m 15.2m 54.2m 18.8m +54.6% 15.2m +38.2% +52.0% +54.6% -33.3% +38.2% -17.7% -52.0% -33.3% -17.7%
0.0268
0.2707
82.6%
0.5
100%
87.6% 81.1% 88.2% 100%
87.6%
San Francisco Bogota Bogota Bogota Bogota
0
10
0.5
15.2m +38.2% -17.7% 0.0677
22.0m +104.6% -43.1% 0.4072
10
40 100%
50 72.6%
95.9%
100%
72.6%
20
30
93.1%
22.0m
39.3m 22.0m +104.6% +109.2% +104.6% -43.1% -33.4% -43.1% 0.3388
98.4%
34.1m18.8m 26.0m 34.1m 18.8m +31.9% +54.6% +0.0% +31.9% +54.6% -26.7% -33.3% -0.0% -26.7%-33.3% 0.0000
15.2m 15.2m +38.2% +38.2% -17.7% -17.7%
22.0m 22.0m +104.6% +104.6% -43.1% -43.1%
90.3%
D4 × α4 = D0 = 1 34.1m +31.9% -26.7% 0.0853
100%
40
8.3m +19.8% -16.1% 0.0775
6079.8% 70
18.8m +54.6% -33.3% 0.1161
80
90
15.2m +38.2% -17.7% 0.0677
33.1m
34.9m Height: 100% 100% 0.3195 Deviation: 88.6% Continuity:
34.1m 34.9m Height: 34.1m +31.9% +31.9% -26.7% 0.3195 Deviation: -26.7%
Continuity: 91.0%
100% 100%
72.6% 72.6%
79.8% 79.8%
51.4m 44.68m 22.7m 24.3m +94.7% +123.8% +23.5% +23.7% 82.6% 93.1% 98.4% 90.3% -51.3% -59.7% -20.6% -25.7% 79.8%95.9% 0.3791 95.9% 0.5335 100% 0.0479 72.6% 0.0637
95.9%
100%
72.6%
79.8%95.9%
35.3m
100% 100%
72.6% 72.6%
Height: Deviation: 91.0% Continuity: 0.5330 79.8% 79.8%
100
33.7m +8.7% -3.4%
32.0m 32.7m 33.3m 33.7m +0.0% +12.1%10.0% +8.7% -0.0% -2.3% -4.0% -3.4%
32.0m +0.0% -0.0%
Mexico City
33.3m 10.0% -4.0%
20.6m 20.6m +65.0% +65.0% -66.1% -66.1%
11.8m 11.8m +188.9% +188.9% -40.6% -40.6%
8.3m 8.3m +19.8% +19.8% -16.1% -16.1%
10.0m 10.0m +0.0% +0.0% -0.0% -0.0%
100%
+65.0% -66.1% -66.1%
100%
+188.9% -40.6% +19.8% -16.1% -40.6% -16.1% 100%
100%
22.0m +104.6% -43.1% 100% 0.4072
34.1m +31.9% -26.7% 100% 0.0853
+0.0% -66.1% -0.0%+65.0% -0.0%-66.1%
11.8m 11.8m +188.9% +188.9% -40.6% -40.6%
8.3m 8.3m +19.8% +19.8% -16.1% -16.1%
35.3m Height: 10.0m 0.5330 Deviation: 10.0m +0.0% +0.0% -0.0% -0.0%
Continuity: 100%
Mexico City 18.8m +54.6% -33.3% 100% 0.1161
100%
81.9% 87.7%
100% 100%
87.7%
100%
15.2m +38.2% -17.7% 100% 0.0677
22.5m Height: 0.2736 Deviation: Continuity: 100%
0.0637
20.6m +65.0% -66.1%
90
95.9%
100
100%
72.6%
79.8%
70
20.6m 80 +65.0% 90 -66.1% 0.3495
11.8m 8.3m +188.9% +19.8% 100 P/% -40.6% -16.1% 0.7672 0.0775
γ = 0.3
0.1 10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0.2
60
P/%
70
90
P/%
40
50 0.5 60
24.3m 51.4m 20 30 40 +23.7% +94.7% -25.7% -51.3% 33.1m
10
100
20
88.9%
30
82.6% 90.3% 23.7m
70
80
0.5 0.2 100% 100% 0.4 H1 88.6% 0.1Continuity:
40
93.1%
+26.5% -32.5% 0.0854
90
100
50
60
98.4% γ= 21.3m
P/%
+19.3% -11.1% 0.0158
70
10
100% δ
100%
0.7
20
30
40
50 0.5 60
H2
10
20
30
40
89.9%
H1 = ∫H1dx
30
H3 = ∫H3dx 35.3m Height: H4
H0
70
50
H1 = ∫H1dx
80
90
40
20.6m +65.0% -66.1%
30.1m +21.7% -16.5% 0.0151
100
30.3m +21.0% - 3.8% 0.0079
H0
0.6
50 0.5 60 70 80 90 100 100% 72.6% 79.8%95.9% 100% H0 0.4 50
0.3 0.2
H1 × β1 = H0 = 1
60 H2
×70 β2 = 80 H0 = 90 1
60
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
ε = 1.50
ε = 1.50
0.3 δ 0.2
0.7 0.1 0.6 0.0
θ = 0.75 θ = 0.50 θ = 0.25
ε = 1.00 0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
ε = 1.50
0.7 0.1 0.6 0.0
θ = 0.75
22.0m +104.6% P/% -43.1%
70
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0.5 0.4
ε = 1.50
θ = 0.75
90
100
P/%
10
δContinuity:
20
ε = 1.50
100%
100
50
80 90 - γ2 100 θ = 0.75
ε4 27.0m 1.50 +22.5% ε3ε =θ4 - 7.1%
- γ4 θ = 0.75 - γ3
32.8m +19.3% -11.1% 0.0087
H4 × β432.7m = H0 = 1 +12.1% -2.3% 0.0283
0.1
0.5
0
10
79.8%
0.7
10
0
10
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
P/%
2 2
γ = 0.3
ε = 1.50 = 1.00 2.00 εε =
0.3 0.2
70
80
90
100
P/%
70
80
90
100
P/%
0.0 0
D1
10
20
30
40
50
δ
γ = 0.3
0.6 30
40
50 0.5 60
20
30
40
50
0.3 0.2
ε = 1.50
60
60
D0 70
ε = 1.00 80
90
100
70
80
90
100
P/%
D3 70
80
90
100
P/%
γ = 0.3
H
ε = 1.10 ε = 1.00
D0
Conclusion 2 | example
0.1
ε = 1.50
0.0
0
P/%
20
2
10.0% -4.0% 0.0144
30
40
P
D4
40
50 0.5 60
40
50
γ = 0.3
10
20
Continuity: 88.3%
80
90
100
70
80
90
100
conclusion 0.3
0.2 δ0.1 0.7 0.0 0.6
30
30
60
70
D0
60
0
10
20
30
40
40
40
0.7 0.2 0.6 0.1
50 0.5 60 0.0 0.4 0 0.3 50 60 0.2 δ0.1
D, H ......
0.7 0.0 0.6 0.5
0
80
90
100
H P1 = D'1 / D0
H1 =
P2 = D'2 / D0
H2 =
P3 = D'3 / D0
H3 =
P4 = D'4 / D0
H4 =
γ = 0.3
ε = 1.0
70
80
90
100
P/%
10
20
30
40
50
70
80
90
100
P/%
ε = 2.5 ε = 2.0
P/%
50
ε = 1.5 γ = 0.3
ε = 2.50
γ = 0.3
ε = 2.50
60
70
80
ε = 1.0 90
100
70
80
90
100
γ = 0.5
ε = 1.75
0.5
γ = 0.3
ε = 2.00
0.3
0.4 0.2 0.1 0.0
P/%
0
10
0
10
0
10
0
10
δ 0.7 10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0.6
P/%
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.2
33.1m Height: Deviation: 0.0135
δ 0.7 0.6
P/%
ε = 1.50 γ = 0.3 ε = 2.50 ε = 1.00 60
H
ε = 1.10 ε = 1.00
P/%
D1 α1 =εD0 =1 γ = ×0.3 = 2.5 = 87%D2 × α2 = D0 = 1 ε = 2.0 D3 α3 =εD0 =1 γ = ×0.3 = 2.5 ε = 1.5 D4 × α4 = D0 = 1 ε = 2.0 ε = 1.0 ε = 1.5 P/%
0.4 δ 0.3
θ = 0.75 20
70
50
0.4
0.0162
δ3 = ∫(X-H3') dx 33.3m δ4 = ∫(X-H4') dx
30
θ = 0.75 θ20= 0.50 30 θ = 0.25
2
32.0m +0.0% -0.0% 0.0133
20
D3 δ 0.7
2
33.7m +8.7% -3.4% 0.0037
10
D4
γ = 0.3D2 ε = 2.50
42.7m 0.1106
30.1m
0.3 Deviation: 0.0 0.2 0 10
2
100
0
H
P/%
0.1
81.4%
ε = 2.00
γ = 0.3 ε = 1.10 D0 ε = 1.00
D2
0.7
20
ε = 1.50
ε = 1.50 ε = 1.00
60
0.1
0.0522
γ = 0.3
22.5m
γ = 0.3
0.1
ε = 1.50
0.0
0.2 0.1 0.0
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
P/%
20
30
0
10
20
86.3%
30
40
50
81.9%
60
70
80
60
26.0m +0.0% -0.0% 70 0.0268 80
90
100%
100
P/%
ε 100% = 1.00
87.7%
40
50
90
54.2m +52.0% -52.0% 100 0.2707
P/%
39.3m +109.2% -33.4% 0.3388
ε = 2.00 ε = 1.50 26.0m +0.0% -0.0% 0.0000
ε = 1.00
γ = 0.3 40
50
60
70
80
90
82.6%
100 93.1%
δ 0.7
0.6
0.6 0.5
0.5 0.4
34.9m Height: Deviation: 0.3195
98.4%
90.3%
γ = 0.3 10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80 51.4m 90 +94.7% -51.3% 0.3791
100 44.68m +123.8% -59.7% 0.5335
ε = 1.10 ε = 1.00
P/%
P/% 22.7m
+23.5% -20.6% 0.0479
Continuity: 91.0%
ε = 1.50
0.3 0.2 0.1
γ = 0.3
ε = 2.5
ε = 1.5
0.7 0.1 0.6 0.0 0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
100%
90
100%
100
100%
P/%
γ100% = 0.3
ε = 1.0 ε = 2.5
Continuity: 100%
ε = 2.0
0.3 δ 0.2
ε = 1.5
0.7 0.1 0.6 0.0 0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
18.8m 15.2m +54.6% +38.2% -33.3% -17.7% 80 0.116190 0.0677 100
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
22.0m +104.6% -43.1% 0.4072 P/%
34.1m +31.9% -26.7% 0.0853
γ = 0.3
ε = 1.0 ε = 2.50
γ = 0.3
ε = 2.50
22.5m Height: Deviation: 0.2736
0.3 δ 0.2
90 95.9%
0.3
100
P/%
100%
72.6%
79.8%
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80 20.6m90 +65.0% -66.1% 0.3495
100 11.8m +188.9% -40.6% 0.7672
P/% 8.3m +19.8% -16.1% 0.0775
10.0m +0.0% -0.0% 0.02576
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Continuity: 86.3%
13.5m Height: Deviation: 0.5016
0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0
P/%
δ
δ
0.7
0.7 0.6
0.6
0.5
0.5
ε = 1.50
θ = 0.75
0.4 0.3 0.2
0.2
ε = 2.0
0.3 δ 0.2
10
0.3
35.3m Height: Deviation: 0.5330
θ = 0.75 θ = 0.50 θ = 0.25
ε = 1.00
0.4
ε = 1.10 ε = 1.00
24.3m +23.7% -25.7% 0.0637
0.4
0.4
δ 0.7
0
0.1
0.4
Continuity: 88.6%
0.0
0.2
0.4
ε = 2.00 ε = 1.50
0.2736
0.0 30
ε = 2.00
0.4
0.5
0.5 0.2 Height: 0.4 0.1
2
0.7 0.1 0.6 0.0
0.1 20
50
P/% 0.7 0.4 0.6 0.3
ε4 δ2 = ∫(X-H2') dx - γ4 2 δ3 θ4= ∫(X-H3') dx
0.3 δ 0.2
0.2
10
50 0.5 60
40
0.6 Continuity: ε = 1.00 100% δ 0.5
δ1 = ∫(X-H1') dx
γ = 0.3
0.4Continuity:
0.1 0
40
30
0.6 0
ε = 1.50
0.0 δ
θ3
P/% 72.6% P/%
0.3 0.0 0.2
0.0158
δ2 = ∫(X-H2') dx
H4 = ∫H4dx
0.5 Deviation: 0.2 0.4 0.1
- γ3
100%
ε2 60θ3 70 ε = 1.50 θ2
0.3
0.2 0.0
30
D1
0.7 0.4 Height: 0.6 0.3
34.1m +31.9% θ1 -26.7%
δ1 = ∫(X-H1') dx
δ 0.2 0.7 0.1 0.6 0.0
0.5
P/%
80
48.5%
ε3
0.7 0.1 0.6 0.0
Bogota
ε = 2.00
0.4 0
H2 × β2 = H0 = 1 H3 × β3 = H0 = 1
0.7 0.1 Deviation: 0.6 0.0
0.5
P/%
0.1
γ = 0.3
H1 × β1 = H0 = 1
H3 = ∫H3dx
0.3 δ Height: 0.2
0.5
P/%
20
ε = 1.75
23.8m
0.3 Deviation: 0.0 0.2 0 10
ε1ε = 1.50 39.3mθ = 0.75- γ1 +52.4% θ = 0.50 -18.7% 0.1716θ = 0.25 0.0223 ε = 1.50 θ = 0.75 ε = 1.00 θ = 0.50 P/% ε2 θ = 0.25- γ2 ε1ε =θ2 1.00 - γ1
0.4
0.5
10
2
δ2 = ∫(X-H2') dx
0.5
0.5
0
10
0.5 0.2 Height: 0.4 0.1
32.0m +0.0%
H3 × β3 = H0 = 1
Continuity: 100% 0.6
0.6
ε = 1.00
10
P/% 0.7 0.4 0.6 0.3
+32.7% -11.5% 0.05611
H0 20.6m 0.0 2 11.8m 8.3m 10.0m δ4 = ∫(X-H4') dx H4 × β410.0m = H0 = 1 11.8m 8.3m 0 10+0.0%+65.0% 20 30 +188.9% 40 50 60+0.0%70 80 90 +188.9% +19.8% +19.8% 81.1%-66.1% 100% 87.6% 88.2% 2 -40.6% -40.6% -16.1% -16.1% -0.0% -0.0%
H2 = ∫H2dx
0.6
0.7 0.1 0.6 0.0
100
+0.0% 100% 100% θ1
H0
0.7
0.1
11.8m 8.3mH4 =10.0m 0.5330 Deviation: ∫H4dx +188.9% +19.8% +0.0% -40.6% -16.1% -0.0%
0.7
θ = 0.75 θ = 0.50 θ = 0.25
90
24.3m +23.7% -25.7%
83.6%
35.7m +66.8% -11.1% 100% 0.0756
60.0m +0.0% -0.0% 100% 100% 0.0000
δ
0.3 0.0 H4 0.2Continuity: 0 10 91.0% 20 30 40 100% 0.172.6% 79.8% 95.9% H3
2
δ1 = ∫(X-H1') dx
0.0
0
100%
0.3
0.6 Continuity: ε84.7% = 1.00 δ 0.5
0.390.3%ε = 1.50 22.6m
γ = 0.3
0
0.0 γ= δ 0 0.7
0.0
0.6 0
0
ε = 1.50
80
approach 0.6
γ = 0.5
0.1
83.0%
51.4m 24.3m 90 44.68m 22.7m 80 100 P/% +94.7% +123.8% +23.7% +23.5% -51.3% -59.7% -25.7% -20.6%
0.1 0.4 34.1m 34.1m18.8m 15.2m 0.0 22.0m 15.2m H2 34.9m 18.8m 15.2m 0.322.0m H0 Height: +31.9% +54.6%90 +38.2% +104.6% +38.2% δ +104.6% 0 10 20 30+54.6% 40 +38.2% 50 60 70 +31.9% 80 100 0.2 -26.7% -26.7%-33.3% -17.7% 0.7 -43.1% -17.7% Deviation: H1 0.3195 -33.3% -17.7% -43.1% H0 0.1 0.6 100% 100% 0.0 δ 0.5 0 10 30 40 0.7 H3 H0 20 0.4 0.6 0.3
0.7
Mexico City
0.3 0.0 0.2
γ = 0.3 δ
0.7
0.0
0.3 44.68m 50 6022.7m70 0.2 +123.8% +23.5% -59.7%0.1 -20.6%
δ
0.3 δ 0.2
0.5 0.2 0.4 0.1
ε = 1.00 80
72.7%
-26.8 0.6 0.0267
0.7 0.4 0.6 0.3
0.6 δ 0.5
P/%
δ
0.4
0.3
δ 93.1%27.4m 98.4% 0.7 +9.6%
30
2
0.6 δ 0.5
εε = 2.00 = 26.0m 1.00 ε = +0.0% 1.50 -0.0%
39.3m +109.2% -33.4%
0.0 0
0.5
50
26.0m 54.2m 90 +0.0% 100 +52.0% -0.0% -52.0%
0.3
0.0
0.5
20 88.3%
0.4
ε = 1.50
ε = 2.00 = 1.50 1.75 εε =
γ = 0.3
26.0m 39.3m 70 +0.0%80 +109.2% -0.0% -33.4%
0.1
13.5m Height: 0.5 0 10 20 30 0.5016 Deviation:
10.0m +0.0% -0.0% 0.02576
ε = 100% 1.75
γ = 0.3 γ = 0.5
0.6 δ 0.5
0.7
ε = 1.50
γ = 0.5 87.7%
0.7
Deviation: 0.2736
13.5m Height: Deviation: 0.5016 γ = 0.3 ε = 1.50
10.0m +0.0% -0.0% 0.02576
54.2m0.6 50 0.5 60 +52.0% -52.0% 0.4
0.7 0.4 0.6 0.3 100%
100% 100%
100%
δ
Height: ε 13.5m = 1.00 Deviation: 0.5016
P/%
40
Height: Deviation: 0.0135
P3 = D'3100% / D0 Continuity: P4 = D'4 / D0 22.5m Height:
γ = 0.3 ε = 2.00 86.3% Continuity: ε = 1.50 80
30
82.6%
0 H2 = 10∫H2dx 20
ε = 1.00 86.3% 1.75 γContinuity: = 0.5 ε =
P/%
0.3
51.4m 44.68m 22.7m 24.3m +94.7% +123.8% +23.5% +23.7% 20.6m 11.8m 8.3m 10.0m20.6m -51.3% -59.7% -20.6% -25.7% 20.6m 11.8m 8.3m 10.0m +65.0% +188.9% +65.0% +19.8%0.0637 +0.0%20.6m 0.3791 0.5335 0.0479
+23.7%
P4 -25.7% = D'4 / D0
34.1m +31.9% -26.7% 0.0853
22.0m +104.6% -43.1% 0.4072
δ4 = ∫(X-H4') dx
0.4 22.7m 0 10 +23.5% -20.6%
0.0
100%
79.8%
60
95.9%
22.5m Height: γ = 0.5 ε = 1.75 Deviation: 0.2736 γ = 0.3 ε = 2.00
San Francisco 50
100%
34.1m +31.9% -26.7% 0.0853
11.8m 8.3m 10.0m +188.9% +19.8% +0.0% 40 50 60-0.0% 70 -40.6% -16.1% 0.7672 0.0775 0.02576 11.8m +188.9% -40.6% 0.7672
100%
H4 × β4 = H0 = 1
δ
0.7
P3 24.3m = D'3 / D0
P1 = D'1100% / D0 Continuity: P2 = D'2 / D0
D3 × α3 = D0 = 1 100%
New York
20 95.9%30
20.6m +65.0% -66.1% 0.3495
0
100%
18.8m +54.6% -33.3% 0.1161
20.6m +65.0% 20 -66.1% 30 0.3495
22.7m +23.5% -20.6% 0.0479
0.3 δ 0.2
95.9% 95.9%
88.2%
10
D1 × α1 = D0 = 1 100%
44.68m +123.8% -59.7% 0.5335
D2 × α2 = D0 = 1
22.0m +104.6% -43.1% 0.4072
0.7 0.1 0.6 0.0
0.4
Bogota Bogota
0
0.7 0.1 0.6 0.0
0.4 30.1m 27.0m +21.7% +22.5% -16.5% - 7.1%
100%
15.2m +38.2% -17.7% 0.0677
0.3 δ 0.2
0.5 32.8m +19.3% -11.1%
Bilbao D3 × α3 = D0 = 1
0.2
Continuity: 88.6%
100% 100%
D2 × α2 = D0 = 1
18.8m +54.6% -33.3% 0.1161
0.4 100% 100%
0.0268
30.3m +21.0% - 3.8%
100%
35.3m Height: P1 = D'1 / D0 Deviation: 0.5330 P2 = D'2 / D0
0.0162
90.3%
0.5 0.2 0.4 0.1
35.3m Height: 98.4%Deviation: 90.3% 0.5330
D0 D1 × α1 = D0 = 1
0.3
Deviation: 0.0135
100%
87.7%
33.1m Height: Deviation: 88.3% Continuity: 0.0135
22.7m 24.3m 22.7m 24.3m +23.5% +23.7% +23.5% +23.7% -20.6% -25.7% -20.6% Height: -25.7%
100%
0.3 δ 0.2
90.3% 90.3%
100%
0.7 0.1 0.6 0.0 0.5
93.1%
0.3791
conclusion 0.5
82.6%
51.4m
100%
18.8m +54.6% -33.3%
Continuity: 91.0%
+94.7% D0 D4 × α4 = D0-51.3% =1
conclusion D3
D0
H4 = ∫H4dx
0.7
0.0
0.3 0.0 0.2
Continuity: 91.0%
D0
Bogota
D2
0.4
51.4m 44.68m 22.7m 24.3m 44.68m 22.7m 51.4m 24.3m +123.8% +23.5% +94.7% +23.7% +123.8% +23.5% +94.7% +23.7% -59.7% -20.6% -51.3% -25.7% 32.0m -20.6%33.3m -51.3% -59.7% -25.7%
100%
93.1% 93.1%
Mexico City City Mexico City Mexico New York Mexico City
100%
100%
54.2m 54.2m +52.0% +52.0% -52.0% -52.0%
100% 100%
87.7% 87.7%
30.1m Height: 0.0162 Deviation: Continuity: 100%
27.0m +22.5% - 7.1% 100% 0.0158
32.8m +19.3% -11.1% 100% 0.0087
93.1% 93.1%
33.7m +8.7% -3.4% 100% 0.0037
81.9%
Mexico City City Mexico
100% 100% 100% 100%
81.9% 87.7% 81.9% 87.7%
90.3%
51.4m +94.7% -51.3% 0.3791
D1
Continuity: 100%
100%
98.4%
26.0m +0.0% -0.0% 0.0000
39.3m +109.2% -33.4% 0.3388
D0
D3 D4 D4
33.3m 10.0% 10.0% -4.0% -4.0%
42.7m Height: Deviation: 0.1106
93.1%
82.6%
D2
54.2m +52.0% -52.0% 0.2707
0.0268
D2
D3 D1
0.4 82.6% 82.6%
26.0m +0.0%
D0 -0.0%
D3
88.2% 88.2%
32.0m +0.0% +0.0% -0.0% -0.0%
Mexico City 100%
23.8m 0.0522
34.9m Height: Deviation: 0.3195
26.0m +0.0% -0.0% 0.0000
Barcelona D0
D1
42.7m Height: 32.0mDeviation: 33.3m 0.1106 Continuity: 81.4%
39.3m +52.4% -18.7% 0.1716
32.0m +0.0% +0.0% 0.0223
100% 100%
26.0m26.0m 26.0m +0.0%26.0m +0.0% +0.0% -0.0%+0.0% -0.0% -0.0%-0.0%
Bogota
39.3m +109.2% -33.4% 0.3388
P4 = D'4 / D0
...
m2.7m %12.1% .3%
54.2m 54.2m +52.0% +52.0% -52.0% -52.0%
54.2m +52.0% -52.0% 0.2707
100%
87.7%
D4 × α4 = D0 = 1
81.9% 87.7%
δ
34.9m Height: Deviation: 0.3195 100%
100%
D4
...
%1.1%
26.0m 26.0m +0.0% +0.0% -0.0% -0.0%
22.6m +32.7% -11.5%
26.0m +0.0% -0.0% 0.0268
D0
δ3 = ∫(X-H3') dx
0
0.1 44.68m +123.8% -59.7%
Continuity: 88.6%
26.0m +0.0% -0.0% 81.9% 0.0000
H3 × β3 = H0 = 1
...
30.1m +21.7% 16.5%
21.3m +19.3% -11.1%
39.3m +109.2% -33.4% 0.3388
H3 = ∫H3dx
2
δ3 = ∫(X-H3') dx H1 × β1 = H02 = 1 δ4 = ∫(X-H4') dx H2 × β2 = H0 = 1
H3 × β3 = H0 = 1 H1 = ∫H1dx H4 × β4 = H0 = 1 H2 = ∫H2dx
...
100%
22.6m +32.7% -11.5%
30.1m +21.7% -16.5% 100% 0.0151
54.2m +52.0% -52.0% 0.2707
P3 = D'3 / D0
0.0
0.3 0.0 0.2Continuity: 0 10
Continuity: 88.6%
100%
87.7%
26.0m +0.0% -0.0% 0.0268
33.3m 10.0% -4.0% 0.0144
32.0m +0.0% -0.0% 0.0133
100%
87.7%
100%
33.7m +8.7% -3.4% 0.0037
...
9.3m 52.4% 18.7%
23.7m +26.5% -32.5%
100%
32.7m +12.1% -2.3% 0.0283
+94.7% -51.3%
...
8.5%
21.3m +19.3% -11.1%
Xi'an
33.1m Height: Deviation: 0.013551.4m
...
23.7m 22.6m 27.4m +26.5% +32.7% +9.6% -32.5% -11.5% -26.8
33.3m 10.0% -4.0% 0.0144
D3 × α3 = D0 = 1
95.6%
0.5 0.2 93.1% 98.4% 0.4 0.1
88.2%
...
Bogota
32.0m +0.0% -0.0% 0.0133
D2
0.0522 84.7%
0.6
72.7% 83.0% 95.6%
33.7m +8.7% -3.4% 0.0037
approach
Continuity: 81.4%
48.5%
83.6%
Mexico City 32.0m 32.0m +0.0% +0.0% -0.0% -0.0%
Height:
22.6m +32.7% -11.5% 0.05611
Deviation: San FranciscoBogota
89.9%
87.6% 87.6%
32.7m +12.1% -2.3% 0.0283
D3
conclusion
0.7 0.4 0.6 0.3
33.1m Height: Deviation: 0.0135
87.6%
H3 = ∫H3dx P1 = D'1 / D0 H4 = ∫H4dx P2 = D'2 / D0
H4 H2 = ∫H4dx ∫H2dx
10.0% -4.0%
0.7
0.6 δ 0.5
82.6%
100%
P3 = D'3 / D0 D1 × α1 = D0 = 1 P4 = D'4 / D0 D2 × α2 = D0 = 1
D3 × α3 = D0 = 1 D1 D4 × α4 = D0 = 1 D2
δ
30.1m 20
2
H3 H1 = ∫H3dx ∫H1dx
32.0m +0.0% -0.0%
...
100%
81.1% 81.1%
33.3m 10.0% -4.0% 0.0144 81.1%
82.6%
23.7m +26.5% -32.5% 0.0854
27.4m +9.6% -26.8 0.0267
Bilbao Bilbao
32.0m +0.0% -0.0% 0.0133
0
2
P3 P1 = D'3 D'1 / D0 33.3m P4 D'4 P2 =D0 D'2 / D0
33.7m +0.0% +12.1%10.0% +8.7% -0.0% -2.3% -4.0% -3.4%
100%
26.0m26.0m 39.3m 10 20+0.0%30 +0.0% 40 +109.2% -0.0%-0.0% -33.4%
2
H1 = ∫H1dx H4 H2 = ∫H2dx
...
Xi'an Bilbao Bilbao
33.7m +8.7% -3.4% 0.0037
81.9%
84.7%
San Francisco
Bilbao Bilbao
32.7m +12.1% -2.3% 0.0283
Mexico City Mexico City
zhengzhou 30.1m 30.1m +21.7% +21.7% -16.5% -16.5%
88.2%
81.9%
New York 100% 100%
87.6%
D0 P1 = D'1 / D0 P2 = D'2 / D0
D3 D1 × α3 α1 = D0 = 1 D432.7m D4 × α4 = D033.3m =1 D232.0m α2
33.7m +8.7% -3.4%
81.9%100%
87.7%
0.7 0.4 0.6 0.3
0.0 δ Height: 0 10 0.7Deviation:
27.0m +22.5% - 7.1% 0.0158
Continuity: 88.3%
100%
0.6 δ 0.5
0.3 0.0 54.2m +52.0% 0.2 -52.0% 0.1
Continuity: 88.3%
88.2%
81.1%
approach
New York
Barcelona Barcelona Barcelona Barcelona zhengzhou
city catalog
100% 48.5% 100% 48.5%
83.6% 83.6%
87.6%
33.3m 32.7m 81.4% 10.0% +12.1% -4.0% -2.3%
0.5 0.2 0.4 0.1Continuity: 100%
30.1m Height: 26.0m +0.0% Deviation: 0.0162
San FranciscoSan Francisco 100%
81.1%
100%
100%
32.8m +19.3% -11.1% 0.0087
D3 D1 × α1 = D0 = 1 D0 D2 × α2 = D0 = 1
88.2%
...
89.9% 89.9%
San Francisco
30.3m +21.0% - 3.8% 0.0079
H3 H4
87.6%
0.7
-0.0%
zhengzhou
H3 D0
87.6% 81.1% 88.2% 100%
conclusion conclusion
30.1m Height: Deviation: 0.0162
100%
H2
...
100% 100%
27.0m +22.5% - 7.1% 0.0158
100%
30.1m +21.7% -16.5% 0.0151
Bilbao
Beijing Beijing
32.8m +19.3% -11.1% 0.0087
city catalog 100%
H2
D0
...
Beijing Beijing
27.0m +22.5% - 7.1% 0.0158
H1
...
Bilbao
32.8m +19.3% -11.1% 0.0087
27.0m +22.5% - 7.1%
...
21.3m 21.3m +19.3% +19.3% -11.1% -11.1%
22.6m 22.6m +32.7% +32.7% -11.5% -11.5%
100%
32.8m +19.3% -11.1%
... ...
23.7m 23.7m +26.5% +26.5% -32.5% -32.5%
Continuity: 100%
30.3m +21.0% - 3.8%
- γ1 Urban facade is aε1 very important element in θ1 H0 ε1 the grid system and plays a- γ1very crucial rule ε2 θ1 in defining the cityscape. It- γ2is easy to tell a H0 θ2 ε1 H0 European city from a North city,- γ1 ε2 - γ2 American θ1 H1 ε3 θ2 H0 - γ3 American city, or an Asian city from a South H0 θ3 ε2 H0 a glimpse of the urban facade. only by This- γ2 ε3 - γ3 θ2 H2 H0 ε4understand θ3 γ4 research tries to this apparent H0 θ4 ε3 H0 phenomena through mathematical analysis- γ3 ε4 - γ4 θ3 H3 H0 = ∫(X-H1') dx parameters and β1 = H0 = 1 andH1 ×discover the δ1θ4hidden H0 δ2 = ∫(X-H2') dx H2 × β2 = H0 = 1 ε4 principles that define the facade and spatial- γ4 δ3 H3 δ1 = ∫(X-H3') ∫(X-H1') dx H1 × β3 β1 = H0 = 1 θ4 H4= H0 = 1 H0 δ4 dx H4 δ2 = ∫(X-H4') ∫(X-H2') H2 × β4 β2 quality.
H1
...
21.3m 21.3m +19.3% +19.3% -11.1% -11.1%
100%
100%
D0 100%
88.2% 81.1%
δ
100%
100%
D2 D0
42.7m Height: Deviation: 0.1106
100%
30.3m +21.0% - 3.8% 0.0079
D0
D4
39.3m +52.4% -18.7% 0.1716
100%
30.1m +21.7% -16.5% 0.0151
D3
D3
100%
D0
D1 D0
32.0m Continuity: D4 D2 +0.0% -0.0%
100% 100%
27.0m 32.8m D030.1m +22.5% +19.3% +21.7% -16.5% - 7.1% -11.1%
30.3m +21.0% - 3.8%
D2
87.6%
33.7m +8.7% -3.4%
D0
...
23.7m 22.6m 27.4m 23.7m 22.6m +26.5% +9.6% +32.7% 27.4m +26.5% +32.7% -32.5% -11.5% +9.6% -26.8 -32.5% -11.5% -26.8
83.0% 83.0%
100%
... ...
21.3m 27.4m 21.3m 27.4m +9.6% +19.3% +9.6% +19.3% -11.1% -26.8 -11.1% -26.8
88.9% 88.9%
83.0% 83.0%
Barcelona
+12.1%
32.0m +0.0% +0.0% 0.0223
approach
D3 D1
42.7m Height: -2.3% Deviation: 0.1106 35.7m +66.8% -11.1% 0.0756
100%
D1 D4 D2
48.5% 32.7m
83.6%
100%
D4 100%
42.7m Height: Deviation: 0.1106
89.9%
60.0m +0.0% -0.0% 0.0000
New York
39.3m +52.4% -18.7%
32.0m +0.0% +0.0%
...
23.7m 23.7m +26.5% +26.5% -32.5% -32.5%
27.4m 27.4m +9.6% +9.6% -26.8 -26.8
Beijing Beijing
48.5%
100%
23.8m Height: Deviation: D3 0.0522
Continuity: 81.4%
100%
New York
39.3m 35.7m +52.4% +66.8% -18.7% -11.1%
32.0m 60.0m +0.0% +0.0% +0.0% -0.0%
D1
Continuity: 81.4%
48.5%
Barcelona
D1
32.8m D2 27.0m 30.1m +22.5% +21.7% +19.3% Continuity: -84.7% 7.1% -16.5% -11.1%
30.3m +21.0% - 3.8%
22.6m +32.7% -11.5% 0.05611
81.1%
Xi'an
100%
23.8m Height: Deviation: 0.0522
23.7m +26.5% -32.5% 0.0854
83.6%
100%
Continuity: 84.7%
95.6% 27.4m +9.6% -26.8 0.0267
Bilbao
35.7m +66.8% -11.1%
approach approach
Barcelona
95.6%
60.0m39.3m +0.0%+52.4% -0.0%-18.7%
32.0m +0.0% +0.0%
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0 0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
P/%
San Francisco
Seoul
Island | @ 100
Conclusion Conclusion Conclusion 55 5
Conclusion 5
Island Island Island | |@@ |100 100 @ 100
Island | @
gridded islands
THE GRID AS GENERATOR
be seen as small aton and mixture es, there are prioperty, commuommunity and is nd public yard ac-
Conclusion 5
Family 1.5Small Plots with private 2. yards. Conclusion Family Family Family 2.Small 2. Small Small plot plot with plot with communal with communal communal couryard. couryard. couryard. Paris #1
Paris #2 Amsterdam Amsterdam Amsterdam #2#2 #2
Paris #2
Andre Citreon #3
Western Western Western Garden Garden Garden #1#1 #1
Kop van Zuid #2 Kop Kop van Kop van Zuid van Zuid #1 Zuid #1 #1
Amsterdam #2
Ringvaartplas 2 Schiemond Schiemond Schiemond #2#2 #2
Schiemond #3 Zuidas Zuidas Zuidas #4 #4 #4
Eastern Dockland #1
Western Garden #2
Massena Massena Massena #4#4 #4
Andre Citreon #3
Renault #2
Zuidas #2
Zuidas #1
Andre Andre Andre Citreon Citreon Citreon #1#1 #1
Massena #2 Paris #3 Family 6. Family 4 Big plot with public open space.
Eastern Dockland #4
Rotterdam #1
Massena #1#1 #1 Island | Massena @Massena 100
Family 6. Big plot with public open space.
Island | @ 100
Amsterdam #1 Dockland #4 Eastern Eastern Eastern Dockland Dockland Dockland #1#1 #1Eastern Western Western Western Garden Garden Garden #2#2 #2
Family 2. Small plot with communal couryard. Amsterdam #1
Massena Massena Massena #2#2 #2
Paris Paris #3 Paris #3 #3
Family 4. Big plot with individual yard.
Family 11. Small Plots with private yards. Family Paris #1
Family Family Family 4. 4.Big 4. Big plot plot Bigwith plot with individual with individual individual yard. yard. yard.
Renault #2
Zuidas #2
Zuidas #1
Zuidas #3
Schiemond Schiemond Schiemond #4#4 #4
Family 7. Mixture of publ
Massena #4
Massena #1
Massena #3
Eastern Dockland #2
Rotterdam #2
Andre
Eastern Dockland #3
Wester
Western Garden #3
Western Garden #1
Island | @ 100 Andre Citreon #1
Rotterdam #1
Kop van Zuid #2
Zuidas #3
Ringvaartplas 2
Schiemond #3
Family 4. Big plot with individual yard. Ringvaartplas #3
Kop van Zuid #1
Zuidas #4
Paris #3
Schiemond #2
Massena #2
Massena #1
Family 24. Big plot with individual yard. Family Conclusion Conclusion Conclusion 55 5
Kop van Zuid #4
Family Family Family 5. 5.Big 5. Big plot plot Bigwith plot with communal with communal communal yard. yard. yard. Kop van Zuid #3 #3 Kop van Kop Zuid van #3 Zuid
Massena #4
Massena #2
Massena #1
Andre Citreon #1
Family Family Family 3. 3.Small 3. Small Small plot plot with plot with private with private private surrounding surrounding surrounding yards. yards. yards. Conclusion 5 Ringvaartplas Ringvaartplas Ringvaartplas #1#1 #1
Island Island Island | |@@ |100 100 @ 100
Ringvaartplas Ringvaartplas Ringvaartplas #4#4 #4
Schiemond Schiemond Schiemond #1#1 #1
Schiemond #4
Ringvaartplas #1
Renault Renault Renault #3#3 #3
Renault Renault Renault #4#4 #4
Rotterdam #3
Renault #3
Family Family Family 4. 4.Big 4. Big plot Big plot with plot with individual with individual individual yard. yard. yard. Schiemond #1 Renault #1 Paris Paris Paris #3#3 #3
Island | @ 100
Island | @ 100
Massena Massena Massena #2#2 #2
Family Family Family 2. 2.Small 2. Small Small plot plot with plot with communal with communal communal couryard. couryard. couryard. Family 6. Big plot with public open space. Amsterdam Amsterdam Amsterdam #2#2 #2
Andre Citreon #3 Eastern Eastern Eastern Dockland Dockland Dockland #1 #1 #1
Renault #2 Western Western Garden Garden #2#2 #2 Western Garden
Zuidas #2 Western Garden #1#1 #1 Western Western Garden Garden
Rotterdam #3
Renault #3
Andre Citreon #3
Eastern Dockland #1 Western Garden #2 Kop Kop van Kop van Zuid van Zuid #1 Zuid #1 #1 Family 5. Big plot with communal yard.
Amsterdam #2
Rotterdam #3
Renault #3
Renault #2 Western #1 ZuidasGarden #3
Zuidas Zuidas Zuidas #4#4 #4
Zuidas #2
Massena #3#2 Schiemond Schiemond Schiemond #2#2
Renault #4
Zuidas #1
Zuidas #1
Rotterdam #2
Family 4. Big plot with individual yard. Paris #3
Family 32. Small plot with communal couryard.Family 6. Big plot with public open space. Family
Eastern Dockland #2 Schiemond Schiemond Schiemond #4#4 #4
Massena #2
Family 7. Family 6 Mixture of public/private yards Rotterdam #2 Western Garden #3
Andre Citreon #2
Andre Citreon #4
Eastern Dockland #3
Renault #4
Renault #1 Zuidas #3 Schiemond #2
Massena #3 Schiemond #4
Kop van Zuid #4
Eastern Dockland #2
Western Garden #3
Andre Citreon #2
Andre Andre Andre Citreon Citreon Citreon #1#1 #1 Massena #4 Massena #1
Andre Citreon #1
Zuidas #4
Massena Massena Massena #1#1 #1
Massena Massena Massena #4#4 #4
Family 7. Mixture of public/private yards
Family 5. Big plot with communal yard. Kop van Zuid #3
Renault #4
Renault Renault Renault #1#1 #1
Ringvaartplas #4
Conclusion 5
Andre Citreon #1 Conclusion 5
Renault #1
Rotterdam Rotterdam Rotterdam #3#3 #3
Family 5. Big plot with communal yard. Family 5100 Island | @ Kop van Zuid #3
Massena #4
Family 3. Small plot with private surrounding yards.
Kop van Zuid #1
Western Garden #3
Kop van Zuid #4
Western Garden #1
Kop van Zuid #3
Eastern Dockland #2
Schiemond #4
Ringvaartplas #3
Paris #3
Massena #3
Eastern Dockland #3
Western Garden #4
Family Family Family 5. 5.Big 5. Big plot Big plot with plot with communal with communal communal yard. yard. yard.
Amsterdam #3
Western Garden #4
Andre Citreon #4
Amsterdam #3