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LEVEL 5 LISTENING AND SPEAKING UNIT

1 CONSERVATION Listening 1: A lecture about sustainable agriculture (Ecology/ Environmental science) Listening 2: A panel discussion about climate change (International development/Ecology)

2 DESIGN Listening 1: A presentation on 3-D printing (Design/Manufacturing) Listening 2: A student presentation about planned obsolescence (Manufacturing/Marketing)

3 PRIVACY Listening 1: A moderated forum on individual privacy and law enforcement (Law/Ethics) Listening 2: A public presentation about internet security and privacy (Information technology/ Marketing)

4 BUSINESS Listening 1: A lecture about disruptive innovation (Business) Listening 2: An overview of the business model of a US non-profit organization (Management)

5 PSYCHOLOGY Listening 1: A planning session for a group presentation on the psychology of first impressions (Psychology) Listening 2: A lecture on navigation techniques and the brain (Psychology/Neurology)

Level 5 Listening and Speaking

VIDEO

MAP OF THE BOOK

LISTENING

VOCABULARY

Saving Indonesia’s birds of paradise one village at a time

Key listening skills: Listening to introductions Identifying rhetorical questions as signposts Understanding key vocabulary Using your knowledge Listening for main ideas Taking notes on detail Summarizing Synthesizing Pronunciation for listening: Intonation of complete and incomplete ideas

Language for assigning blame and responsibility

Designer bikes become showcase for social status

Key listening skills: Using a table to take notes on main ideas and detail Reviewing and organizing notes Using your knowledge Understanding key vocabulary Predicting content using visuals Taking notes on main ideas and detail Summarizing Synthesizing Pronunciation for listening: Word stress

Using cause-andeffect phrases

Internet security expert on latest ransomware attack

Key listening skills: Listening for facts and supporting information Listening for opinion Using your knowledge Understanding key vocabulary Making inferences Taking notes on main ideas and detail Synthesizing Pronunciation for listening: Sentence stress

Collocations (the internet and the law)

Ugandan tech start-up caters to local markets

Key listening skills: Listening for definitions Understanding figurative language Identifying figurative language Understanding key vocabulary Using your knowledge Taking notes on main ideas and detail Making inferences Synthesizing Pronunciation for listening: Pausing and thought groups

Academic alternatives

New virtual reality game helping to fight against dementia

Key listening skills: Listening for generalizations and summaries Listening for dependency relationships Using your knowledge Understanding key vocabulary Taking notes on main ideas and detail Summarizing Making inferences Synthesizing Pronunciation for listening: Emphasis

Academic word families

GRAMMAR Parallel structure in comparisons

CRITICAL THINKING Analyzing issues

SPEAKING Preparation for speaking: Challenging other points of view Pronunciation for speaking: Intonation of complete and incomplete ideas Speaking task: Have an informal debate about the mission of national parks.

Degree expressions

Evaluating pros and cons

Preparation for speaking: Acknowledging other arguments Pronunciation for speaking: Stress in compound nouns and noun phrases Speaking task: Give a group presentation about a product designed for obsolescence.

Subject-verb agreement with quantifiers

Eliciting information via surveys Analyzing data

Preparation for speaking: Presenting survey data Presenting conclusions from research Pronunciation for speaking: Question intonation Speaking task: Give a presentation of the data you have gathered from a survey and your conclusions.

Emphasizing and contrasting

Persuading your audience in a business presentation

Preparation for speaking: Mission statements Crafting a pitch Speaking task: Make a pitch for investment or donations to get a new venture started.

Noun clauses with whwords and if/whether

Synthesizing information from multiple sources

Preparation for speaking: Talking about research Incorporating visual support Speaking task: Give a group presentation with visual support about research on an aspect of human behaviour.

Level 5 Listening and Speakingâ&#x20AC;&#x192;

UNIT

6 CAREERS Listening 1: A presentation by a careers advisor for Computer science students (Education/ Human resources) Listening 2: A workshop about job interview skills (Business/ Education/Human resources)

7 HEALTH SCIENCES Listening 1: A talk about the possible causes of increased asthma rates (Health sciences/Medicine) Listening 2: A community meeting about water quality (Environmental management/Politics)

8 COLLABORATION Listening 1: A training session on group dynamics and the ‘bad apple’ effect (Business/Sociology/ Human resources) Listening 2: A class discussion about two systems for decision making (Business/Politics/Law/Ethics)

9 TECHNOLOGY Listening 1: A lecture about the adoption cycle of new technology (Sociology/Business/Technology/ Marketing) Listening 2: A university seminar about the impact of AI on human employment (Computer science: Artificial intelligence/Ethics)

10 LANGUAGE Listening 1: A university seminar about machine translation (Linguistics/Computer Science) Listening 2: A research interview with a non-native English teacher (Education)

Level 5 Listening and Speaking

VIDEO

LISTENING

‘100k opportunities’ Key listening skill: job fair in Chicago Making inferences Using your knowledge Understanding key vocabulary Listening for main ideas Taking notes on detail Synthesizing Pronunciation for listening: Reduction of auxiliary verbs

VOCABULARY Emphatic expressions of belief and certainty

Water pollution in West Virginia

Key listening skills: Making unstructured notes as you listen Identifying persuasive appeals Using your knowledge Predicting content using visuals Understanding key vocabulary Taking notes on main ideas and detail Summarizing Taking notes on detail Synthesizing Pronunciation for listening: Contrastive stress

Adjectives of strong disapproval

Lufthansa signs cooperation deal with Etihad

Key listening skill: Using anecdotes and proverbs to illustrate larger ideas Using your knowledge Understanding key vocabulary Summarizing Taking notes on detail Making inferences Taking notes on main ideas Synthesizing Pronunciation for listening: Connected speech: linking words with vowels

Dependent prepositions

First anthropomimetic robot

Key listening skills: Listening for examples Supporting speculation Understanding key vocabulary Predicting content using visuals Listening for main ideas Listening for detail Synthesizing Pronunciation for listening: Connected speech: elision

Negative prefixes

Language diversity

Key listening skill: Noting down follow-up questions Understanding key vocabulary Using your knowledge Listening for main ideas Making inferences Taking notes on main ideas and detail Synthesizing Pronunciation for listening: Connected speech: linking

Phrasal verbs about communication

GRAMMAR Degree expressions with so … that; such a … that

CRITICAL THINKING Understanding job descriptions

SPEAKING Preparation for speaking: Body language Presenting yourself in a job interview Speaking task: Participate in a mock job interview.

Establishing cohesion with so and such

Understanding motivation

Preparation for speaking: Inclusive language Pronunciation for speaking: Emphasis for emotional appeal Speaking task: Participate in a meeting to discuss whether a fast-food restaurant should open at a local commercial complex.

Wh- clefts

Evaluating options

Preparation for speaking: Steps for consensus building Collaborative language: suggestion and concession Speaking task: Participate in a consensus-building decision-making task to decide on future food service operations at your college or university.

Hypothetical future

Providing supporting detail

Preparation for speaking: Leaving and returning to the topic Asking for clarification and confirmation Pronunciation for speaking: Assimilation in connected speech Speaking task: Take part in an informal discussion about artificial intelligence.

Complex gerunds and infinitives

Asking appropriate and productive questions

Preparation for speaking: Interrupting and handling questions Pronunciation for speaking: Intonation when interrupting Speaking task: Conduct an in-depth semi-structured interview about learning English.

Level 5 Listening and Speaking

Downloadable Audio and Video Cambridge University Press Jessica Williams , Sabina Ostrowska With ChrisSpeaking Sowton & Critical Student’s Book, Mob App and Online Workbook w/ 978-1-108-56791-6 — Unlock Level 5,Listening, Excerpt More Information

DESIGN

UNIT 2

YOUR KNOWLEDGE Work with a partner. Discuss the questions. 1 What is happening in this picture? Do you think this is the most important technological advance of recent years? Why / Why not? 2 Do you think that the products we use every day are better now than in the past? Is there any way in which products in the past were superior? 3 What types of shopping (clothes, shoes, electronics, household items, etc.) would you avoid doing if you could? How much extra would you be willing to pay to avoid it or them? DESIGN

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WATCH AND LISTEN

PREPARING TO WATCH ACTIVATING YOUR KNOWLEDGE

1 You are going to watch a video about bicycle design. Before you watch, circle the statements you think are true about cycling in your country. Explain your answers to a partner. 1 2 3 4 5

USING YOUR KNOWLEDGE TO PREDICT CONTENT

Cycling is more popular today than it used to be. Cycling is a fashionable way to travel. Cycling is the best way to get around a city. People care what their bicycles look like. There are too many different bicycle designs to choose from.

2 Look at the diagram and discuss the question with your partner. How could a designer make each part of a bicycle special or luxurious? handlebars

seat

frame

saddlebags

water bottle chain

pedals

GLOSSARY

fashion statement (n) something that you own or wear in order to attract attention and show other people the type of person you are classic (adj) having a simple, traditional style that is always fashionable gap in the market (n) an opportunity for a product or service that does not already exist personalize (v) to make something suitable for a particular person accessory (n) something added to a machine or to clothing that has a useful or decorative purpose status (n) the amount of respect, admiration, or importance given to a person, organization, or object 38

UNIT 2

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WHILE WATCHING 3

Watch the video. Number the main ideas in the order you hear them.

UNDERSTANDING MAIN IDEAS

A Japanese designer has started making luxury bicycles instead of boats. Hermès have launched two designer bicycles. Hermès’ designer bikes are extremely popular. People are using bicycles to show how much money they have. Shops in Paris sell a variety of expensive cycling products. 4

Watch again. Complete the sentences.

UNDERSTANDING DETAIL

1 Hermès started making designer bicycles because there was a . 2 The Japanese artisan thinks it is the first time that the whole world . 3 Paris shops are increasing their sales by . 4 These days bicycles are becoming a showcase for . 5

Watch again. Answer the questions. 1 What are the special features of Hermès’ ‘Le Flâneur Sportif’? 2 How much does Hermès’ ‘Le Flâneur Sportif’ cost? 3 How much do some designer bikes cost in Tokyo? 4 What material does the Japanese artisan make bicycles from? 5 What examples are given of cycling accessories sold in Paris?

DISCUSSION 6 Work in a small group. Discuss the questions. 1 What kind of people do you think buy the designer bicycles you saw in the video? Why? 2 What other kinds of cycling accessories do you think that cycling shops sell? How might they be made luxurious or personalized? 3 Do you think that the bicycles you saw in the video would sell well where you live? Why / Why not? 4 Think of another type of product that people use to show off their wealth. What are the features of an expensive model of this type of product? 5 Are status symbols important to you? If so, which one(s) would you like to have? Why? If not, why not? WATCH AND LISTEN

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LISTENING LISTENING 1 PREPARING TO LISTEN USING YOUR KNOWLEDGE

1 You are going to listen to a presentation on current and future uses for 3-D printing. Before you listen, work with a partner. Discuss which of the items in the photos you think were produced by a 3-D printer. Then discuss the questions below.

1 All these items were made with a 3-D printer. Does that surprise you? Why / Why not? 2 What kind of objects cannot be created with a 3-D printer today? UNDERSTANDING KEY VOCABULARY

2 Read the definitions. Use the correct forms of the words in bold to complete the sentences below. customize (v) to make or change something to fit a user’s needs downside (n) disadvantage drastically (adv) severely; with very noticeable effect fabric (n) cloth; material for making clothing foundation (n) the thing on which other things are based junk (n) things of no use or value mass production (n) the process of producing large numbers of one thing in a factory rejection (n) the failure of the body to accept a new body part that has been put in during surgery 1 When computers go out of date, they become that has to be thrown away. 2 You can the software so that it only includes the functions that you need. 3 Early 3-D fashions used a flexible plastic instead of the you find most clothing is made of. 4 With a 3-D printer, I can print just about everything. The , however, is that it is much more expensive than a traditional printer.

UNIT 2

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5 The maths skills that you acquire in secondary school provide a for the more advanced work you do at university. 6 Kidney transplants have a very high success rate these days; the chances of during the first year are only seven percent. in the early 7 The market for compact disc players dropped years of the 21st century, as the public switched to MP3 players, and later to streaming. of cars began in the early twentieth century. Prior to 8 The that, cars had been produced to order. 3 Work with a partner. Look at the diagram of a supply chain. Discuss what happens at each stage.

USING YOUR KNOWLEDGE

WHILE LISTENING 4

2.1 Listen to the presentation. Circle the best summary of each main idea in the presentation. 1 a b 2 a b 3 a b 4 a b 5 a b

LISTENING FOR MAIN IDEAS

Replacement body parts are routinely printed. Methods of printing replacement body parts are in development. Fashion designers are using 3-D printing in their collections. 3-D printing is widely used in the production of fashion items. Mass production will be more profitable with 3-D printing. Manufacturing small quantities could be profitable with 3-D printing. 3-D printing will totally change the manufacturing process. 3-D printing will benefit everybody who works in manufacturing. We do not know if 3-D printing will increase or decrease waste. 3-D printing will reduce the amount we throw away.

LISTENING 1

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SKILLS

Using a table to take notes on main ideas and detail

TAKING NOTES ON MAIN IDEAS AND DETAIL

When a speaker makes the structure of upcoming information clear, it can be helpful to use the same structure as you take notes. Using a table to capture this structure helps you separate the main ideas from the detail. This makes it easier to review and study your notes later. Listen for signposts like numbers (e.g. There are two … .), and phrases that indicate that a main idea is coming (e.g. the most important … .). Don’t try to write down everything you hear. You want your table to provide an outline of the talk, not everything the speaker said. 2.2 Listen to an excerpt from the presentation and complete the table.

AM (Additive Manufacturing) disrupts two elements of manufacturing: (1)

(2)

parts made as a single piece

won’t need (5) or (6) fabricated on demand reduce (7) short supply chains

(3)

stronger – reduced fuel consumption = cost savings (4)

LISTENING FOR DETAIL

2.1 Listen to the presentation again. Write T (true), F (false) or DNS (does not say) next to the statements. Then correct the false statements. 1 3-D printing is a very new technology. 2 3-D printing can create body tissue which is a perfect match for the patient. 3 Clothing is printed using natural fibres, like cotton. 4 Most 3-D fashions will probably be printed in developing countries. 5 There has been a lot of opposition to 3-D printing from manufacturers. 6 One man printed several parts of an aeroplane and assembled them himself.

UNIT 2

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7 3-D printing will reduce the need for companies to hold items in stock. 8 3-D printing may help criminals to escape from prison. 7

2.1 Listen again. Take more detailed notes on the presentation.

POST-LISTENING SKILLS

Reviewing and organizing your notes

After a lecture, while the information is still fresh in your mind, rewrite your notes in an outline structure. This helps you understand the main ideas and details of the lecture. Doing this can also help you reflect critically on the content of the lecture, which is difficult to do while you are listening.

2.1 Use your answers from Exercises 4–7 to make a set of notes. Start by listing the main ideas (1, 2, 3, etc.) and supporting details for each main idea (a, b, c, etc.). Leave space to add more details. Listen to the presentation again. Check that your notes are accurate and add more detail if necessary. 1. Methods of printing replacement body parts are in development. a. can create body tissue … b.

2. a. b. 3. 9 Work with a partner. Complete the tasks. 1 Use your notes from Exercise 8 to recap the talk on 3-D printing. Include only the main points and important details. Present it aloud to your partner. 2 As you listen to your partner’s presentation, write down any important details that your partner included that you missed. Add them to your notes. 3 Whose recap do you think was more accurate and complete? Does the order of main points make a difference? Were the details presented with the relevant main points? LISTENING 1

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PRONUNCIATION FOR LISTENING

SKILLS

Word stress In words with more than one syllable, one syllable is stressed more than the others. A stressed syllable is generally longer, louder, and higher in pitch than an unstressed syllable. down-side (n) ad-vance (v) con-sum-er (n) Although stress is sometimes difficult to predict, there are some rules. For example, always stress the syllable that comes directly before these suffixes: -ical, -ion, -ity, -logy. tech-no-log-i-cal cog-ni-tion poss-i-bil-i-ty tech-no-lo-gy 10 Underline the stressed syllables in the words below. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 11

a a a a a a a

tech-no-lo-gy com-pu-ter dra-ma-tic at-tracts pro-duc-tion el-e-ments en-tre-pre-neur

b b b b b b b

pro-cess soft-ware bi-o-med-i-cal pos-si-bil-i-ty fa-cil-i-ties foun-da-tion fac-to-ries

c c c c c c c

ob-ject (n) sce-nar-i-os re-search (n) cus-tom-iz-ing in-dus-try man-u-fac-tur-ing as-sem-bled

2.3 Listen to the excerpts from the talk to check your answers in Exercise 10.

DISCUSSION 12 Work with a partner. Discuss the questions. 1 The speaker mentions the disruptive power of AM several times. What do you think the long-term consequences might be for the clothing industry? For example, what would happen if all clothing could be printed at home? 2 Use your imagination to think of an application for 3-D printing that was not discussed by the speaker. Share your ideas with another pair of students or the class.

UNIT 2

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LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT USING CAUSE-AND-EFFECT PHRASES

VOCABULARY

To express a cause using a phrase What’s more, by printing it as one piece, he created a part that was five times stronger than the original part and 83% lighter. What’s more, he created a part that was five times stronger than the original part and 83% lighter by printing it as one piece. Notice that, although the subject is not expressed in the cause-and-effect phrase, you can infer it. Such phrases can only be used if the inferred subject is the same as the subject of the whole sentence – in this case, he printed it as one piece. To express an effect using a phrase The blouses appear on shelves the following week, encouraging the trend. This is a reduction of a non-defining relative ‘comment’ clause: The blouses appear on shelves the following week, which encourages the trend. 1 Complete the sentences with a phrase that explains the cause. 1 2 3 4 5

, manufacturers ensure that consumers buy new items on a regular basis. , clothing companies encourage people to buy new clothes more often. , the team completed the project just before the deadline. , they were able to find a better design for the product. , manufacturers can print small quantities and keep costs low.

2 Rewrite each non-defining relative clause as a phrase expressing the effect. 1 Clothing can be made very cheaply today, which makes it psychologically easier to throw things away. 2 AM makes it easier to complete all production steps in one place, which leaves assembly plants in developing countries out of the process. 3 AM even has the potential to be used to print human organs, which gives hope to those on transplant waiting lists.

LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT

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3 Complete the sentences with a phrase that expresses an effect. Use your own ideas. 1 Clothing companies respond immediately to consumer preferences, . 2 Thousands of people throw away their mobile phones every year, . 3 Many resourceful consumers have made their own repairs independently, . 4 The cost of consumer electronics has dropped significantly, . 4 Write three sentences using phrases for cause and/or effect about a situation in your own life. The sentences can be on any topic. By working on my essay last weekend, I was able to hand it in on time. . . .

GRAMMAR

DEGREE EXPRESSIONS Sometimes you need to measure the amount or degree of something against a standard. When the amount or degree does not match the standard, use the adverb too + an adjective or adverb for the degree and the to + infinitive form of the verb for the standard. The cost of printing is too high to make this practical. degree standard When the amount or degree does match the standard, use an adjective, adverb, or verb + enough for the degree and the to + infinitive form of the verb for the standard. The costs have fallen enough to make these scenarios more than a dream. degree standard 5 Complete the degree expressions in the sentences with your own ideas. 1 My phone is too old . 2 Some consumer electronics are cheap enough . to be used with the latest software. 3 4 are not comfortable enough to wear all day long. 5 Some video games are too complicated .

UNIT 2