Gupta BM, et al., J Brain Neursci 2021, 5: 017
HSOA Journal of Brain & Neuroscience Research Research Article
Parkinson’s Disease Research by India: A Scientometric Assessment of Publications Output for the Period 1990-2019 Gupta BM1* and Dhawan SM2 CSIR-NISTADS, New Delhi, India
1
CSIR-NPL, New Delhi, India
2
Abstract The paper analyzes Parkinson’s disease research publications output by India in the global context using bibliometric indicators with the purpose to assess and evaluate the research productivity and impact of the country in the subject. The publications data for study was sourced from the Scopus database covering the 30-year period 1990-2019. The study reveals that the global research in the domain of Parkinsons’s disease is highly skewed. The top 15 most productive countries in the subject account for a 99.59% global publications share. The USA is the world leader in the subject with a 31.71% global share, followed by U.K., Germany, Italy, Japan and China (from 6.16% to 10.20%), etc. India ranks as the 13th most productive country in the world with a global publications share of 2.35% (3149 publications). India registered a 22% annual growth rate in the subject, averaged citation impact of 19.08 citations per paper, and published 21.88% of its country output as a share of international collaborative papers. The paper identifies most productive organizations, most cited organizations, most productive authors, and most cited authors. The paper also identifies the most productive journals and the most cited journals. Keywords: Bibliometrics; Indian publications; Parkinson’s disease; Scientometrics
Introduction Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is recognized as the most common age-related movement disorder and the second most common
*Corresponding author: Gupta BM, CSIR-NISTADS, New Delhi, India, E-mail: bmgupta1@gmail.com Citation: Gupta BM, Dhawan SM (2021) Parkinson’s Disease Research by India: A Scientometric Assessment of Publications Output for the Period 1990-2019. J Brain Neursci 5: 017. Received: February 16, 2021; Accepted: February 22, 2021; Published: March 01, 2021 Copyright: © 2021 Gupta BM, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
neurodegenerative disease [1-3]. As the PD disease worsens, nonmotor symptoms begin to impact the quality of life [4,5]. The pathological features of the Parkinson disease result from the substantial cell loss or cell deaths in the substantianigra (a region of the midbrain) [4] and the concomitant loss of Dopamine (DA) neurotransmitter or not enough dopamine in this region of the brain. Though the cause of cell death is poorly understood, but it does involve the build-up or deposition of proteins within the brain as intracellular inclusions called Lewy bodies in the neurons [4,6,7]. The disease is clinically manifested after the death of ~70% of these neurons [4,6]. The symptoms usually emerge slowly [4]. Early in the disease, the most obvious symptoms are shaking, rigidity, slowness of movement, and difficulty with walking [4]. Thinking and behavioral problems may also occur [2]. Dementia becomes common in the advanced stages of the disease [7]. Depression and anxiety are also common, occurring in more than a third of people with PD [5]. Other symptoms include sensory, sleep, and emotional problems [1,2]. The main motor symptoms are collectively called “parkinsonism” or a “parkinsonian syndrome” [4,6]. Parkinson disease has been the subject of intense research across the world ever since it was first discovered around 200 years ago. The literature in the subject has by far grown significantly in volume. Among the bibliometric studies at international level, Xue, Hu, Lai, Cai and Wen [8] studied 100 most-cited articles (receiving 669 to 6902 citations per paper and appearing between 1996 and 2000) on Parkinson’s disease to evaluate research on metrics such as citation number, publication time, journal, impact factor, authors, original country, institution of corresponding author and study type. Li, Ho and Li [9] assessed quantitative and qualitative global trends in Parkinson’s disease literature 1991-2006 on measures such as scientific output, world collaboration, and the frequency of author keywords used. The keywords analysis helped to identify research trends and recent hot spots. Yang, Wang, Tang, Wang and Bao [10] examined publication trends in stem-cell research in the context of Parkinson’s disease and studied the bibliometric characteristics of top-cited articles, published between 1999 and 2018, on metrics such as annual outputs, distribution by journals, countries/regions, and institutions. The authors also studied global collaborations between publications and tracked the growing hotspots using MeSH terms. At the national level, Gupta and Bala [11] examined the research output of India in Parkinson’s Disease (PD) during 2002-2011. The bibliometric indicators used for analysis include: Research output, research growth, country rank in global publications, citation impact, international collaboration, major collaborators and publication productivity. They also analyzed research output by subject sub-fields and described bibliometrics characteristics of the leading institutions and authors and of highly-cited papers in the subject.
Materials and Methods The data for the present study was sourced from the Scopus database. It is one of the most reliable international multidisciplinary citation databases (http://www.scopus.com) by Elsevier Science