57.49 Howe Enterprise April 20, 2020

Keep Howe Beautiful continues projects

Local spending was up 20 percent before Coronavirus

Who takes control if there is no presidential election this year?

Keep Howe Beautiful’s landscaping project at

Texas Comptroller Glenn Hegar announced recent-

By Alan Dershowitz The Hill

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Grayson Publishing, LLC

Volume 57, Edition 49

City Council Agenda, pg. 3 Howe ISD Agenda, pg. 7 FBI under fire, pg. 8 Antiques, pg. 9 Foraging at home, pg. 10 Hot Jobs pg. 10 Business Directory, pg. 11 Local events, pg. 13 Texas History, pg. 14 Christian, pg. 15 Finance/Children, pg. 16 Past front pages, pg. 17-24

© 2020 The Howe Enterprise

Monday, April 20, 2020

Howe Police hosted Blood Drive

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Gov. Abbott closes classrooms for remainder of school year, plans to reopen business

John F. Kennedy—April 27, 1961.

The very word "secrecy" is repugnant in a free and open society; and we are as a people inherently and historically opposed to secret societies, to secret oaths and to secret proceedings. We decided long ago that the dangers of excessive and unwarranted concealment of pertinent facts far outweighed the dangers which are cited to justify it. Even today, there is little value in opposing the threat of a closed society by imitating its arbitrary restrictions. Even today, there is little value in insuring the survival of our nation if our traditions do not survive with it. And there is very grave danger that an announced need for increased security will be seized upon by those anxious to expand its meaning to the very limits of official censorship and concealment. That I do not intend to permit to the extent that it is in my control. And no official of my Administration, whether his rank is high or low, civilian or military, should interpret my words (Continued on page 5)

EDITOR’S NOTE—This column is reserved as an opinion column and may not necessarily reflect the policy of this publication.

Governor Greg Abbott delivering executive orders at Friday’s press conference in Austin. By Michael Oder.

AUSTIN, Tex. (KBTX) – Howe Police Chief Carl Hudman donated blood during the drive on Tuesday.

The Coronavirus pandemic has caused more people to give blood than under normal circumstances. The Texoma Regional Blood Center parked their bloodmobile on Tuesday at the Howe Police Department and was there from 8 am—4 pm.

In Howe, the traffic was slow around town and at

the blood drive was also slow according to Lucy Lagway, an employee of Texoma Blood Center.

“We’re screening everyone before they come in and taking extra precautions,” said Lagway. “We always clean and sanitize, but we’re being extra cautious.”

(Continued on page 6)

Howe Youth baseball and softball seasons remain suspended—not canceled Bicentennial Park’s North Field on Highway 75 has never looked better. With new outfield fence screens and an outfield full of bright green ryegrass, 2020 was supposed to be the year that it finally got done for the 14U class and their home field. But those plans are on hold—at least for now.

with other towns in the league. The season still has a chance to move forward with all of May left and with Dixie moving All-Star tournaments back to July.

The Howe Youth Baseball board will meet tonight and have had discussions

Should things change, we will release information on social media and here.

The Howe Youth Softball organization has also stated that currently, the season is suspended and not canceled.

During a Friday press conference, Governor Greg Abbott ordered all schools to remain closed to inperson classes for the rest of the 2019-2020 year. The

governor cited medical professionals who told him that it was unsafe for students to gather in large groups.

The Texas Education (Continued on page 3)

Chamber pushes Founders Day back to May 30, Hall of Honor to June 25 Members of the Howe Area Chamber of Commerce board met Saturday morning to discuss the annual Founders Day Festival which was slated to be held on its usual first Saturday in May. However, with the current shutdown situation and Governor Abbott’s orders, it was decided to push the event back to May 30. It will still be held from 2 pm—8 pm in Downtown Howe. Bent Creek, the musical performance, will be there and the chamber is coordinating with the companies that provide the kid train and bounce houses.

This year’s Founders Day Festival is slated to be the

largest ever in regards to vendors as both Haning and O’Connell Streets will be blocked off to accommodate the number of booths.

The board also decided to push back the annual Howe Hall of Honor and Awards night to June 25 at 6:30 pm. The discussion is to rebrand the event to a formal chamber banquet with a sit-down meal to go along with the awards.

The chamber has agreed to purchase yard signs and sell them for $10. The design is black with a white “V” for victory and the hashtag #howeproud on top of the V. They will be used for community spirit during this time.

HoweEnterprise.com Readership Jan. 1 - April 18, 2020, Pageviews: 177,080 Sessions: 35,424 Users: 19,425

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April 20, 2020

Keep Howe Beautiful continues projects

Keep Howe Beautiful points out that these are crocus and daffodils—not weeds.

Keep Howe Beautiful’s landscaping project at Summit Gardens is nearing completion. Shrubs were recently added to the front bed along with roses on the south side of the church. A Lomanto Grapevine has been planted on the arch leading to the alley. The vine was grown from a cutting from the T. V. Munson vineyard at Grayson College (located near the county airport). The Howe Girl Scouts planted lots of bulbs earlier this year.

“The daffodils, crocus, and Dutch Iris have been amazing to see in bloom,” said Becky Hogenson, executive director. “And the orange blossoms on the abor's crossvine have been glorious. There are two table groupings in this garden - great place to have a picnic while practicing social distancing.”

A local girl scout plans on using Monarch Park near Summit Elementary to complete her Gold Award. KHB hopes to add, we butterfly-friendly plants in that area soon.

Funds have been donated to put up a new flag pole near City Hall. The project is on hold currently during the pandemic.

Trash-off events are on hold also until possibly the summer or fall.

Hogenson wants to remind those that call Howe home to please become a member of Keep Howe Beautiful.

“We would love to have you be a part of our group. You can help with projects or just be a silent member,” said Hogenson. “We need folks to help with making our town a beautiful place to live.

Donations are always welcomed.”

Here's a link to make it easy to join/donate. https://my-site108547-103348.square.site/ Or you can mail to Keep Howe Beautiful - PO Box 518 - Howe, TX 75459. Memberships are $15 per year for individuals, $25 per year for family, $25 per year for businesses, or $250 for lifetime.

Donald J. Trump @realDonaldTrump The most often used phrase in the Lamestream Media, by far, is “sources say”, or “officials who spoke on the condition of anonymity”, or anything similar which allows Fake News to make up a phony quote from a person who doesn’t even exist. The American people should demand NAMES! 1:22 PM · Apr 18, 2020

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April 20, 2020

Re-opening

Texas Gov. Greg Abbott, speaking about the state's continued fight against the COVID-19 virus, Friday, April 17, 2020.

(Continued from page 1)

Agency will send guidelines for graduations at the high school level. The Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board will send out guidance for all public colleges and universities.

Abbott also announced his plan to re-open businesses across the state in stages. In his “retail-togo” plan, stores can reopen for business if they can limit the contact between customers. A document from the Department of State Health Services detailing the reopening of retail services is attached to this story. Additional phases of the re-opening program are expected in late April and May. Governor Abbott said he would be establishing a “strike force” of business leaders to help oversee the reopening process. The strike force includes Lt. Gov Dan Patrick, fashion designer Kendra Scott, Houston businessman Jim “Mattress Mack” McIngvale, Dallas businessman and real estate developer Ross Perot Jr., Landry’s Inc. CEO and Houston Rockets owner Tilman Fertitta, Houston philanthropist and Kinder Foundation CEO Nancy Kinder, and lawyer and former Houston mayor James Hofheinz.

State parks reopened this weekend. Gov. Abbott signed an executive order that allowed parks to admit visitors but requires them to wear masks, stay at least six feet apart, and

prohibits groups larger than five people.

The move to begin to “open the state of Texas” will require face coverings in public, restrictions on the size of gatherings and a continuation of social-distancing practices.

Beginning April 22, restrictions on surgeries will also be loosened to allow for some procedures, such as diagnostic tests for cancer.

The Texas Education Agency said the decision to keep schools shuttered through the end of the school year was “the right one for our families and communities— and the only one that makes sense for Texas at this time.”

“TEA fully supports the governor’s actions and continues to work closely with districts across the state to ensure students are getting what they need; meals, dedicated efforts to keep kids feeling safe and connected during these times, and support so students can continue to learn and grow academically,” the agency said.

“We remain firmly committed to the health and safety of our students, families, and communities,” the agency said.

“Together, we will get through this. And when the time is right, we will be able to return to our daily routines on school campuses across Texas.”

City Council to meet outdoors The Howe City Council will meet on Tuesday, April 21 at 6 pm at the Howe Community Center at 700 W. Haning Street. It could very well be the first council meeting ever held outdoors. The meeting will be conducted as such in accordance to social distancing guidelines.

CONSENT AGENDA Consider/approve consent items which are marked by an *.

Agenda as follows: PUBLIC REQUEST – At this time comments will be taken from the audience on any subject whether or not that item is on the agenda. All comments are limited to a maximum of three minutes. In accordance with the Open Meetings Act, Council may not discuss or act on any of the items not posted on the agenda.

Discuss, consider and act upon approval of continuing Declaration of Disaster for Public Health Emergency indefinitely unless otherwise ordered.

*Minutes of March 17, 2020 *Finance statements -March 2020 Discuss, consider and act upon consent agenda.

Discuss, consider and act upon Cancellation of Special Election May 2, 2020.

ADJOURN

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April 20, 2020

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Local spending was up 20 percent before Coronavirus Texas Comptroller Glenn Hegar announced recently that he will send cities, counties, transit systems and special purpose taxing districts $701.8 million in local sales tax allocations for April, 0.5 percent less than in April 2019. These allocations are based on sales made in February by businesses that report tax monthly.

Next month's allocations, which will mostly reflect sales made in March, will begin to show the impact of pandemic-related City Sherman Denison Gainesville Celina Melissa Anna Bonham Van Alstyne Whitesboro Southmayd Pottsboro Whitewright Gunter Howe Leonard Bells Tioga Collinsville Tom Bean Oak Ridge Savoy Ector Dorchester

March $1,633,263.95 $570,294.54 $506,838.95 $244,020.98 $228,993.61 $224,648.72 $159,641.40 $128,620.01 $95,380.05 $42,408.55 $40,727.36 $32,630.09 $30,695.00 $30,273.18 $28,380.19 $17,268.33 $11,922.60 $11,094.08 $7,541.34 $6,143.27 $4,123.36 $1,836.04 $989.28

business shutdowns. The agency, therefore, expects local allocations in May to be lower, and June allocations will likely deteriorate further.

In Howe, the total amount for April is $30,273 which is a 20 percent leap from last year’s $25,085 for the same month. The total for 2020 is $132,342 which is the most ever after four months, but those numbers will decline drastically in the ensuing months due to the shutdown of most commercial activity.

City Sherman Denison Gainesville Celina Anna Melissa Bonham Van Alstyne Whitesboro Pottsboro Southmayd Whitewright Howe Leonard Gunter Collinsville Bells Tioga Tom Bean Oak Ridge Savoy Ector Dorchester

2020 $7,640,152.43 $2,623,379.97 $2,419,682.08 $1,051,429.16 $1,033,175.83 $1,002,320.95 $720,037.58 $538,241.10 $452,091.98 $207,490.24 $191,404.03 $149,031.65 $132,342.28 $124,639.40 $122,434.60 $87,799.15 $80,506.26 $64,875.92 $38,236.30 $28,090.63 $18,764.65 $8,478.24 $3,981.92

Donald J. Trump @realDonaldTrump China has just announced a doubling in the number of their deaths from the Invisible Enemy. It is far higher than that and far higher than the U.S., not even close!

11:30 AM · Apr 17, 2020

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April 20, 2020

Howe’s That (Continued from page 1)

here tonight as an excuse to censor the news, to stifle dissent, to cover up our mistakes or to withhold from the press and the public the facts they deserve to know.

But I do ask every publisher, every editor, and every newsman in the nation to reexamine his own standards, and to recognize the nature of our country's peril.

In time of war, the government and the press have customarily joined in an effort based largely on self-discipline, to prevent unauthorized disclosures to the enemy. In time of "clear and present danger," the courts have held that even the privileged rights of the First Amendment must yield to the public's need for national security.

Today no war has been declared-and however fierce the struggle may be, it may never be declared in the traditional fashion. Our way of life is under attack. Those who make themselves our enemy are advancing around the globe.

The survival of our friends is in danger. And yet no war has been declared, no borders have been crossed by marching troops, no missiles have been fired.

If the press is awaiting a

declaration of war before it imposes the self-discipline of combat conditions, then I can only say that no war ever posed a greater threat to our security. If you are awaiting a finding of "clear and present danger," then I can only say that the danger has never been more clear and its presence has never been more imminent.

It requires a change in outlook, a change in tactics, a change in missions--by the government, by the people, by every businessman or labor leader, and by every newspaper. For we are opposed around the world by a monolithic and ruthless conspiracy that relies primarily on covert means for expanding its sphere of influence-on infiltration instead of invasion, on subversion instead of elections, on intimidation instead of free choice, on guerrillas by night instead of armies by day. It is a system which has conscripted vast human and material resources into the building of a tightly knit, highly efficient machine that combines military, diplomatic, intelligence, economic, scientific and political operations.

(Editor’s note) - these words are most important today. For the full transcript, click here.

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April 20, 2020

Blood

a

Texoma Blood Center was parked at Howe Police Department on Tuesday.

Lagway said that they did not have to turn anyone away from giving blood due to Coronavirus.

They are seeking all types of blood and especially O negative.

In times of disaster or public health crisis, it is the blood on the shelves that saves lives. Texoma Blood Center says that all healthy, eligible individuals should donate. A blood shortage would only compound what may be an already overwhelming health emergency.

To ensure donor safety, the staff is sanitizing all areas after each donation and limiting the number of persons allowed into the office and bloodmobile. There are also a limited number of people allowed to donate at a time to adhere to the social distancing guidelines.

The staff may ask individuals to wait in their vehicle when there are more than four donors on the bus or in the office. The staff is taking phone numbers of those in line. The donor will receive a call or text when he or she may enter the building or bloodmobile for donation.

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April 20, 2020

Who takes control if there is no presidential election this year?

By Alan Dershowitz The Hill What if the pandemic were to become so bad that the election could not be held? There is no acceptable reason for this to happen, since there are alternatives to voting in person on a single day.

But it is possible, although unlikely, that voting by mail will be unrealistic if the pandemic were to get so much worse that it endangered the lives of postal workers. So it is not too early to ask this question. What does the Constitution provide in the event that an emergency precludes an election before the end of a term of the president? It has never happened, and it will likely not happen this year, but law professors like hypotheticals, so here is my assessment.

We begin, of course, with the words of the Constitution. They provide no definitive answer, but they do provide some clear conclusions. Absent an election, the incumbent president does not continue to serve in an interim capacity until an election is finally held. Unlike parliamentary democracies like Israel, where Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu continues to serve until a replacement has been selected, the term of our president ends on a date specific, regardless of whether or not a successor is chosen.

The 20th Amendment is unambiguous that "the terms of the president and vice president shall end at noon" on January 20.

Nothing could seem clearer. Yet the end of that paragraph provides that "the terms of their successors shall then begin." But what if no successors have been elected?

Does the president then continue to serve as an interim officeholder? The answer is no because his or her term will definitely end at noon on January 20. If not reelected, the president becomes a private citizen on that day. Who then serves as president?

The Constitution provides no clear answer.

Unlike when a president is impeached or dies, there is no clear succession plan in place for a situation in which there has been no voting. The 20th Amendment speaks to the issue of what happens if neither a president nor a vice president have been chosen "before the time fixed for the beginning of his term," but it refers to a slightly different scenario.

"Congress may by law provide for the case wherein neither a president elect nor a vice president elect shall have qualified, declaring who shall then act as president, or the manner in which one who is to act shall be selected, and such person shall act accordingly until a president or vice president shall have qualified."

But if there is no election, there is no president elect or vice president elect. Congress has provided for a line of succession "if by reason of death, resignation, removal from office, inability, or failure to qualify," there is neither a president nor a vice president. This also does not seem to encompass the absence of an election. There is a gap in our Constitution because the Framers did not contemplate a "no election" possibility. But even if Congress has the authority to fill this gap, it is unclear that it has done so with the existing law, because the line of succession begins with the House speaker.

But there would be no House speaker if there were no election, because there would be no House, all of whose members would be up for election in November. The terms of all members of the House would end, according to the Constitution, on January 3. There would, however, be a Senate, with a majority of its members not up for election in November and, therefore, still serving their terms.

This is important as the next in line would be the president pro tempore of the Senate, which is Charles Grassley. But if there were no election, there might be a Democratic majority among the remaining senators not up for reelection, unless governors or state legislators were allowed to fill vacant seats, which is another uncertainty.

The longest serving majority senator is traditionally given the honor of serving as the president pro tempore of the chamber.

Among Democrats that would be Patrick Leahy. But a Democratic majority could elect any sitting senator to that role, including Elizabeth Warren and even Bernie Sanders. If the succession statute covers a missed election, which is doubtful, then the senator selected to serve as president pro tem would become the next president.

This prospect undoubtedly is frightening enough to Republicans to assure that they will do everything in their power to hold the election. The alternatives are unthinkable in a democracy. We would have a nation with no president and no working Congress, or an interim president not clearly authorized by the law.

Because of the utter uncertainty of any alternative to voting, it is in the interest of both parties and all Americans to make sure that the election is held in a safe and timely manner.

Alan Dershowitz, professor emeritus at Harvard Law School, served on the legal team representing President Trump during the Senate impeachment trial. He is the author of more than 40 books, including his latest, "Guilt by Accusation: The Challenge of Proving Innocence in the Age of Me Too."

Howe ISD Board of Trustees Agenda A Regular Meeting of the Board of Trustees of Howe ISD will be held on Monday, April 20, 2020 beginning at 6:00 p.m. at the Howe ISD Administration Office located at 105 W. Tutt St, Howe, Texas.

In light of the COVID-19 emergency, the meeting will be held through electronic means in accordance with the Center for Disease Control (CDC) recommendations to maintain the public health. Further, pursuant to Governor Abbott’s temporary suspension of the requirement related the Open Meetings Act, the Board meeting may be viewed via Zoom at the following link below. If you would like to participate in public comment, submit your information (name and topic) to the following email address prior to 5:30 p.m. the night of the Board meeting: wilson.kevin@howeisd.net . Your name will be called upon to speak during public comments, and all limitations set forth in Board Policy BED (LOCAL) will apply, including prohibitions related to disruptions during the meeting.

Join Zoom Meeting https://zoom.us/j/9037454000? pwd=bkFGbTJPVmhuOWdRNkZQUUs1N2tRUT09 Meeting ID: 903 745 4000 Password: 745 4000 I. II. III. IV.

V.

B. C.

VI. VII.

CALL TO ORDER/DETERMINATION OF QUORUM INVOCATION/PLEDGES PUBLIC FORUM REPORTS A. Superintendent Report 1. COVID-19 Update 2. Enrollment 3. Personnel 4. HHS Office/Library Renovation 5. Other Information THE BOARD WILL CONSIDER, DISCUSS, AND/OR TAKE APPROPRIATE ACTION REGARDING THE FOLLOWING: A. Consent Agenda Items 1. Minutes for Regular Meeting on March 16, 2020 and Special Meeting April 6, 2020 2. Monthly Financial Reports 3. Quarterly Investment Report HIS/HMS HVAC Unit Replacement Closed Session in Accordance with the Texas Open Meetings Act, Section 551.074 1. Personnel - Professional Contracts D. Action on Items from Closed Session BUDGET WORKSHOP A. Preliminary Revenue Estimates and Employee Compensation Plan ADJOURN

If, during the course of the meeting, discussion of any item on the agenda should be held in a closed meeting, the board will conduct a closed meeting in accordance with the Texas Open Meetings Act, Government Code, Chapter 551, Subchapters D and E. All final votes, actions, or decisions will be taken in open meeting.

This Agenda posted Friday, April 17, 2020 at 4:00 p.m.

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April 20, 2020

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FBI repeatedly warned Steele dossier fed by Russian misinformation, Clinton supporter

Former FBI Director James Comey testifies before Senate Intelligence Committee.

Senate Intelligence Committee

By John Solomon, JustTheNews.com The FBI received repeated warnings dating to 2015 that Christopher Steele, the ex-British spy it used to build a case against President Trump, had concerning contacts with Russian oligarchs and intelligence figures that might call into question the credibility of his intelligence reporting, newly declassified documents showed Monday.

The suspect sources included a person described as a strong supporter of Hillary Clinton's campaign and a Russian intelligence figure under separate

counterintelligence investigation by the FBI, the memos show. And the red flags included a warning that Russian intelligence appeared to be aware as early as July 2016 that Steele was working on a U.S. election-related investigation, making him susceptible to misinformation.

The revelations are found in newly declassified footnotes from Justice Department Inspector General Michael Horowitz’s December, 2019 report about failures in the Russia probe that included using false evidence to secure a FISA warrant against Trump campaign adviser Carter Page in October 2016. Some of those red flags

were raised prior to the bureau’s decision to rely on Steele’s dossier as key evidence in seeking the FISA warrant targeting the Trump campaign in the final days of the 2016 election, and nearly all were raised before Special Counsel Robert Mueller opened his probe in spring 2017.

For instance, FBI officials urged in 2015 that Steele undergo a re-

evaluation as an informant (a “validation review,” in spy parlance) after the bureau’s transnational organized crime office learned that he had received contact from five Russian oligarchs, all of whom wanted to have contact with the bureau.

“The report noted that Steele’s contact with 5 Russian oligarchs in (Continued on page 13)

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April 20, 2020

Learn about your antiques and collectibles with Georgia Caraway

Georgia Caraway The Whopper Stopper Company in Sherman Texas was famous for its fishing lures and stressed in their sales catalogue “A day spent fishing adds another day to your life.”

One of our dealers at Howe Mercantile brought in one of these beauties and asked me to research it. I thought a column on lures made by this local company would be a good follow-up on last week’s column on fishing reels.

According to this same sales catalogue “The Hellbender (“the catchin’est lure of all”) has been judged by both expert and novice as the best deep running, floating, diving type lure for casting, trolling, and spinning.

These lures are molded of tough Tenite plastic. The Hellbender as a casting lure can be worked as a top water lure by retrieving in twitches causing it to dive under with a wiggle and float back to the surface.”

The photographed lure that is in the Mercantile is part of the 1000 series and is called a Silver Flitter.

It originally sold in 1972 for $1.65 and now has a value of $12 as a collector’s item. Some of the other styles of lures offered by Whopper Stopper were the Bayou Boogie, the Hellraiser, the Hellcat, the Whirlybird, the Dirtybird, and the Salty Boogie.

The company’s history originates in Gainesville. J. Fred Eder saw the success of the Bomber Bait Company of Gainesville and wanted to replicate it in Sherman, Texas.

So, with $ 5,000 of equipment he partnered with Earl Noble and began producing wooden “Whopper-Stopper” lures in 1945. By 1950, the name had changed to Durable Plastics Inc. with an address on the Denison Pike near Sycamore Street. The plastics came from the ingenuity of the shop foreman, Jodie Grigg who began carving wooden lures and then would make plastic moldings from the wooden models.

Mr. Grigg soon took over the production of “WhopperStopper” lures and was a big competitor to Bomber lures even though their designs

looked very similar.

J. Fred Eder was the originator of Whopper Stopper’s Back Running lure.

The most popular lures are the Whopper -Stopper, the Bayou Boogie, and the Hellraiser.

Whopper-Stopper continued production in Sherman up to the late 1970s when their last major design “The Crap Shooter” came out in 1979 with dice painted on the side. Heddon bought out Whopper-Stopper and produced their product for several years. Now, if you want a modern Whopper-Stopper you will have to order from New Zealand where the current owner, S.R. Marston Company, is still making the brand. As for Bomber, those are now made in China.

The next time you are at a garage sale and see a fishing lure with the distinctive “Whopper-Stopper” logo painted on top you will know that it was originally a product of Sherman, Texas.

Dr. Georgia Caraway, former director of the Denton County Museums for 14 years, and her friends operate the Howe Mercantile at 107 East Haning. She has written five Denton history books and one book on taking care of your antiques and collectibles. All of her books, including her latest, North Texas State Fair and Rodeo, are available at Howe Mercantile.

She hopes her next book will be the history of Howe.

SHOP LOCAL. We can show you Howe!

"With a united effort we can make the place in which we live clean, wholesome, attractive. We can make the crowded city dweller homesick to come back to us and real living. We can bring new life, new business, new beauty, to the little towns." Mame Roberts

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April 20, 2020

Foraging at Home Part 4 of 4: (Creating a Food Forest)

By Donna Nesbit, Grayson County Master Gardener

pathway is to be covered with a hard surface, cement, rock, or gravel, it should be laid at this time.

Once the patches are designed, the forest is ready to become a reality.

Finding the plants and preparing the site can be accomplished at the same time.

Windbreaks and fencing should be planned or put in next. Windbreaks can be trees, shrubs, and vines to help with the cooling or warming of sections of the gardens. The site of the windbreaks should be determined, but these windbreaks are not installed yet. Fences and walls can also be used as windbreaks. Besides directing the wind, these structures should also protect the forest from encroachment from people and wildlife. Trees and shrubs may not keep out wildlife, but vines, walls, and fences can. Some more open fences can protect the forest without creating a windbreak.

Two methods are available for sourcing the plants. One method is to buy plants from a reputable source. This method is useful for those that do not have the time or energy to start their own; however, some plants are best started on site, usually from purchased seed.

Another method is to propagate plants from cuttings, divisions, or seed swaps. This can take more time, but can be more satisfying.

Whichever method is used to start the forest, the goal should be for the forest to be self-sustaining once established. Since the goal is for a self-sustaining forest, the plants are usually perennials. Since many common vegetables are annuals, they can be a self-sowing variety, or planned for accessible areas of the forest (such as clearings), or for a separate garden. As the forest becomes more self-sustaining, the gardener may want to have their own nursery to propagate replacements for plants as needed.

Site preparation can begin as the plants are sourced. Adapting the site to the needs of the forest is the first step. Some of this can be done as the site is observed.

Determining the desirability and location of existing plants and shaping the earth are the starting points. As the existing plants are observed, their function in the garden should be determined. If the plant is useful, its place in the garden should be determined. If a plant is not useful, it should be removed either to a different location on the property or disposed of. Tarps, newspapers, cardboard, or other mediums can be laid to kill large areas of undesirable plants. Cover crops can be planted to help with soil improvement After the plants are analyzed, the earth should be shaped for ease of use, water retention, and plant use.

If it has been determined that swales will be needed, recontouring should be placed that will promote water filtration, distribution, and storage for future use. Once the swales are in place, irrigation should be placed to maximize the use of the swales as well as individual plants. If water tank or cisterns are needed, they should be placed at this time also.

After the water system (swales, irrigation, and containment) are in place, pathways can be laid. The purpose of the pathways besides providing access is to define growing zones, protect plants form competition, protect the soil from compaction, and can create runoff to desirable areas. These pathways may be paved roads where mechanized or heavy traffic can have access, or they may be along swales, or across berms. If the

After the fences are put in, the planting areas should be prepared.

Beginning when the swales are installed, any soil amendments should be added. These amendments might be soil improvers such as fertilizer, decomposed granite, or other products that change the ph. or structure of the soil. Cover crops can be dug in to improve the soil structure and fertility. As the soil is prepared for planting, compost and other amendments can be added as needed to improve the soil. Once the planting begins, mulch should be placed around the new installations. As the forest matures, it will create its own mulch and compost. Also, with the correct choice of plants, nutrient levels will improve in the soil.

The site is prepared and the plants sourced; now is the time to plant.

Planting is usually done in stages.

As the plants in each stage are planted, mulch should be added to the area. This mulch stabilizes the moisture level and temperature in the soil and adds weed control.

During the first and second year, the windbreaks and the canopy are installed. Windbreaks are installed in the places planned for them.

These windbreaks can be hedges or edges (trees, shrubs). Along with the windbreaks, the canopy is planted. These are the plants in layers one and two. Planting the fruit and nut trees gives them time to mature before planting the understory. As well as the fruit and nut trees, canopy nitrogen fixing plants should be planted. Starting with year three, the understory and ground cover should be planted.

These are the plants in layers three, four, five. The shrubs and herbaceous layers provide more nutrients for the forest and forage for people and animals. Starting in year three, any annuals, biennials, and climbers can be planted. If the trees are to be the trellises for the vines, the trees need to be large enough to support the vines.

Compare the height of the trees with the height of the vines before planting. If the tree is not large enough, wait a year or two or install a temporary trellis to support the vine.

After year three, the forest will gradually mature to a fully-

Donald J. Trump @realDonaldTrump Spending the morning speaking to @fema and Military relative to CoronaVirus. Also, spoke to leaders of various countries including Poland, South Korea and Bahrain. Last night had a very gold conversation with the President of Mexico on numerous topics. Border is very strong! 10:51 AM · Apr 18, 2020

Job Title ROUTE SALES REPRESENTATIVE

Job Title MAINTENANCE

workintexas.com Posting ID 14044699

Location Sherman

Location Sherman Posting Close Date Posting Link bit.ly/2xr79V1

04/27/2020

https://

Description A local company is looking for a ROUTE SALES REPRESENTATIVE who will be responsible for selling and merchandising Frito-Lay's complete line of quality products at local stores.

You would drive a small Frito-Lay truck which requires a regular driver’s license and insurance.

functional forest. As the forest is harvested, it should be inspected for any damage or disease. The mulch should be maintained at a two- or three-inch depth. Mulch should be added if the canopy does not provide enough mulch.

Unproductive or diseased plants should be replaced as needed.

Water when necessary. Some herbaceous plants can act as accurate water monitors. If they are dry or wilted looking in the morning, water should be added to the forest. The food forest should provide good foraging for many years.

workintexas.com Posting ID 14055607

Posting Close Date 05/10/2020 Posting Link bit.ly/2RMHvB0

https://

Description A local company is looking for a MAINTENANCE person who will be responsible for troubleshooting, maintaining, and repairing all equipment and company assets while maintaining a safe work environment and adhering to Tyson policies and procedures.

Description This position requires a High School Diploma or Equivalent, and a minimum of 6 months of related experience.

Many books and websites are available for those interested in food forests. To find out what a food forest really looks like, search for “Food Forest” on YouTube. These videos give many different ideas and methods for creating food forests in many areas.

Grayson County Master Gardeners Association is a non-profit 501(c) (3) organization sponsored by the Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service. Reach us by email at mastergardeners@co.grayson.tx.us , by phone 903-813-4204, our web page txmg.org/grayson, or our Facebook group.

ADVERTISING/MARKETING Got Signs & More 117 S. Powell Pkwy Anna TX 75409 http://www.igotsigns.com/ 972-924-2878 terry@igotsigns.com Housewarmers of Grayson County P.O. Box 582 Howe TX 75459 housewarmersgrayson.com 972-978-3430 sgarcia@housewarmersusa.com

Howe TX 75459 facebook.com/Howe-Mercantile1639767196252428/ (817) 313-2168 georgiacaraway@aol.com AUCTION Wolfe Pack Trading 212 E Marshall Van Alstyne TX 75495 wolfepackauctions.com 903-712-4666 dwolfe525@gmail.com AUTO Bob Utter Ford 2525 Texoma Parkway Sherman TX 75090 bobutterford.net 903-892-3555 BANKING Independent Bank 100 South Denny Howe TX 75459 independent-bank.com (903) 532-5521 aanderson@ibtx.com

Howe Enterprise P.O. Box 595 Howe TX 75459 howeenterprise.com 903-339-0100 news@howeenterprise.com AGRICULTURE Norman Farms 4871 Mackey Rd Howe TX 75459 903-815-5545 ajnorm4@aol.com Renfro Farms 1589 Harrell Rd Howe TX 75459 renfrofarms@gmail.com

Legend Bank 201 W. Grand Whitewright, TX 75491 legend-bank.com 903-532-4778 Brandon.grooms@legendbank.com First United Bank 2011 Texoma Parkway Sherman TX 75090 firstunitedbank.com 903-813-5760 sarah.whitt@firstunitedbank.com BUSINESS & PROFESSIONAL SERVICES Creekview Creative Howe TX 75459 creekviewcreative.com 903-357-3143 info@creekviewcreative.com Provider Business Partners 106 W. Young St. Howe TX 75459 providerbusinesspartners.com 903-487-2248 sharla@ providerbusinesspartners.com Sheep Boutique 114 N. Main St. P.O. Box 822 Van Alstyne TX 75495 http://sheepboutique.com/ 214-325-0015 info@sheepboutique.com

ANTIQUES Howe Mercantile 107 E. Haning St

Smith-Garner, PC 609 N. Denny St., P.O. Box 1019 Howe TX 75459 http://www.howecpa.com/ (903) 532-1040 amanda.garner@howecpa.com

Clean Stripe 909 E. FM 902 Howe TX 75459 http://www.cleanstripe.com 254-640-9431 john@cleanstripe.com J-Talk Services, Melida Ailshire P.O. Box 91593 Sherman TX 75091 903-814-8347 jtalk1@mac.com LegalShield 1548 Timbercreek Dr. Howe TX 75459 http://JLALEXANDER. WeAreLegalshield.com 214-549-4474 jlalexander@ legalshieldassociates.com) CHILDCARE The School Zone Academy 105 Doyle Street Howe TX 75459 theschoolzoneacademy.com 903-532-9663 haleenparrish@yahoo.com CHURCHES Bethel Baptist Church 905 Ponderosa Rd, P.O. Box 458 Howe TX 75459 bethelbaptisthowe.com 903-532-6032 First Baptist Church Howe 100 W. Davis Howe TX 75459 http://www.fbchowe.org/ 903-532-5504 info@fbchowe.org First United Methodist Church Howe 810 North Denny Howe TX 75459 (903) 532-6718 zack@fumchowe.org New Beginning Fellowship 910 S. Denny St, PO Box 295 Howe TX 75459 http://www.nbfhowe.com/ (903) 532-6828 wallace@nbfhowe.com CONSTRUCTION/BUILDING SERVICVES Jim Jackson Electrical Services, Inc. 1401 Silo Road Suite 400 Bonham TX 75418 www.jacksonelec.com/ 1-855-522-5353 info@jacksonelec.com TLD Design Consulting LLC 103 E. Haning St. Howe TX 75459 http://www.tld -dc.com/ 903-436-4601 tdefrange@tldconsulting.net

American Efficiency Solutions 2917 Wolf Front Rd Van Alstyne TX 75495 americanefficiency solutions.com/ 214-284-6309 mike@aes-llc.net DENTAL Howe Family Dentistry 100 S. Collins Freeway, PO Box 960 Howe TX 75459 howefamilydentistry.com 903.532.5545 EDUCATION Howe Community Library 315 S. Collins Freeway Howe TX 75459 www.howeisd.net/Page/83 903-745-4050 atchison.melissa@howeisd.net Howe Independent School District 105 W. Tutt St. Howe TX 75459 howeisd.net/ (903) 745-4000 ENTERTAINMENT Twisted Balloons & Magic 1174 Dicken Rd. Howe TX 75459 903-815-6093 bentleym6144@gmail.com FUNERAL HOME Scoggins Funeral Home & Crematory 637 W. Van Alstyne Parkway Van Alstyne TX 75495 scogginsfuneralhome.com 903-482-5225 tommywscoggins@hotmail.com GOVERNMENT Rita Noel, Justice of the Peace P.O. Box 672 Howe TX 75459 903-821-0018 ritanoel169@yahoo.com HAIR SALON Girls Next Door 102 S. Collins Frwy Howe TX 75459 (903) 532-0526

HEALTHCARE Angels of Care Pediatric Home Health 8001 S. U.S. Highway 75 Sherman TX 75090 angelsofcare.com 903-532-1400 jriggs@angelsofcare.com Bee Square Body Care 26 Williams Trail Howe TX 75459 http://beesquarebodycare.com/ 903-819-0192 Godisgood1@hotmail.com NURSE C.E.R.T.S. 505 Castlegate St. Howe, TX 75459 90.-821-3392 loavamccarthy@msn.com HEATING/AIR CONDITIONING Baker A/C & Heating, Inc. 215 N. Denny St. Howe TX 75459 903-532-6225 bakerac.mark@yahoo.com HOUSING Bainbrook Apartments 511 S. Collins Fwy Howe, TX 75459 (469) 712-4082 bainbrook75459.com Pradera Manufactured Home Park 709 N. Collins Freeway Howe TX 75459 http://praderamhp.com (903) 532-0014 felix@havenparkmgmt.com M&M Properties 901 N. Denny St Howe TX 75459 903-815-9223 marvincurtis2@gmail.com INSURANCE

Good Fellas Barber Shop 105 E. Haning St. (972) 502-0559

David Morgan Insurance 255 E. Jefferson St, P.O. Box 2105 Van Alstyne TX 75495 http://farmersagent.com/ dmorgan1 903-482-4063 dmorgan1@farmersagent.com

HEALTH AND FITNESS LZfit (personal training) Lauren Zepeda (972-489-4246 Lauren_zepeda@yahoo.com Facebook page Laurenzepedafitness

Ed Meacham, State Farm 2624 Loy Lake Rd., Suite B Sherman TX 75090 https://www.statefarm.com/ agent/US/TX/Sherman/EdMeacham-3TGY5753JAK 903-892-3923 ed@mredinsurance.com

goodfellasbarbershoptx@gmail.com

COVET Homegrown 6007 Farmington Rd. Howe, TX 75459 469-879-9190

homemade@covethomegrown.com

Kathy McGarry, Mayo Agency 215 S Ray Roberts Pkwy, P.O. Box 519 Tioga TX 76271 940-437-2378 kathy.mayoagency@gmail.com

Texas Farm Bureau Insurance, Darren Foster – Agent 1363 S Waco St Van Alstyne TX 75495 https://www.txfbins.com/ insurance/agent/grayson/ 32707/darrenfoster 903-436-2470 dfoster@txfb-ins.com Texas Farm Bureau Insurance, Loretta Anderson – Agent 1363 S Waco St Van Alstyne TX 75495 https://www.txfb -ins.com/ insurance/agent/grayson/ 23242/lorettaanderson 903-819-1041 landerson@txfb-ins.com Aflac Agent Chyna Vincent 1671 Taylor Rd Dorchester TX 75459 940-641-1714 chynakv@live.com INTERNET TekWav 223 N. Walnut St. Sherman TX 75090 http://www.tekwav.com 903-375-9787 jj@tekwav.com LEADERSHIP The Iku Organization http://theikuorganization.org/ 214-392-6218 soga.aralola@gmail.com NON-PROFIT Goodwill Industries of Northeast Texas 2206 E. Lamar St. Sherman, TX 75090 goodwillnorthtexas.org spierce@goodwillnorthtexas.org

PERSONAL SERVICES & CARE Servpro of Sherman/Denison PO Box 1851 Sherman TX 75091 ervproshermandenison.com/ 903-893-7166 belinda.servpro8117@gmail.com PHOTOGRAPHY Melissa Millsap Photography melissa.millsapphotography @gmail.com PLUMBING Skinner Plumbing Supply 200 S. Denny St. Howe TX 75459 (903) 532-0034 skinnersupply@yahoo.com Torque Plumbing 102 S. Collins Frwy Howe TX 75459 (972) 658-1515 torquemayes@yahoo.com PUBLIC UTILITIES Atmos Energy 5111 Blue Flame Rd. Sherman TX 75090 http://www.atmosenergy.com/ 1-888-286-6700 (Main) 1-866-322-8667 Natural Gas Emergency Jan.Rugg@atmosenergy.com Billy’s Trash Service 800 S. Andrews Sherman TX 75090 903-814-9070 jeffstanley@cableone.net

Grayson -Collin Electric Cooperative, Inc. P.O. Box 548 Van Alstyne TX 75495 www.grayson-collin.coop 903-482-7100 mmcginnis@gcec.net Cavender Home Theater DISH 6202 Texoma Parkway Sherman TX 75090 http://www.cavendertv.com/ 903-892-3499 chris@cavenderht.com REAL ESTATE Bill French Properties 315 N Travis Suite B-3 Sherman TX 75090 billfrenchproperties.com 903-893-BILL (2455) bill@billfrenchproperties.com Sheryl Bentley, Ebby Halliday REALTORS 3445 FM 1417 N Sherman TX 75092 http://www.ebby.com/agents_ offices/find_agent/info/ sherylbentley (903) 821-7653 sherylbentley@ebby.com The Uselton Group 382 Eagle Point Rd Van Alstyne TX 75495 theuseltongroup.com 469-525-7281 kim@theuseltongroup.com Vincent Realty Group 324 Meadows Estate St., P.O. Box 756 Tom Bean TX 75489 vincentrealtygroup.com/ 903-870-8528 benvincent@cableone.net

City of Howe SECONDS COUNT IN AN EMERGENCY! That's why the City of Howe has instituted the CodeRED Emergency Notification System - an ultra high-speed telephone communication service for emergency notifications. This system allows us to telephone all or targeted areas in case of an emergency situation that requires immediate action (such as a boilwater notice, missing child or evacuation notices). The system is capable of dialing 60,000 phone numbers per hour. It then delivers a pre-recorded message describing the situations to a live person or an answering machine in the affected area possibly including instructions requiring action on the part of the recipient. Once the situation is remedied, another call will be placed to the area signaling that the issue has been addressed and that normal activities can be resumed.

The following information is required to add a telephone number into the "CodeRED" database: first and last name; address (physical address, no P.O. boxes); city; state; Zip Code; and primary phone number. The system works with cellular phones but requires a valid street address. When entering information, please fill out all of the screens because the newest data entered will replace the old data. Sign up by visiting http:// www.co.grayson.tx.us/page/oem.cred

2019-20 Local taxation State Sales Tax General Revenue Sales Tax Ad valorem reduction Sales Tax Economic Development (Type B) Sales Tax Total

6.25 % 1.00 % 0.50 % 0.50 % 8.25 %

City of Howe Tax Rate Howe I.S.D Tax Rate Grayson County Tax Rate Grayson County Junior College Tax Rate Total (per $100 valuation)

$0.57 $1.43 $0.42 $0.17 $2.59

City of Howe Budget

$3,788,977

Michael Taylor – Keller Williams Realty P.O. Box 575 Howe TX 75459 mtaylor@kw.com RESTAURANTS El Patio Escondido Mexican Restaurant & Cantina 495 W. Van Alstyne Pkwy, P.O. Box 637 Van Alstyne TX 75495 elpatioescondido.com 903-482-5538 williampacheco519@yahoo.com Abby’s Restaurant 110 E. Haning St Howe TX 75459 abbys-restaurant.com/ 903-487-8860 abbysrestaurant@yahoo.com Palio’s Pizza Cafe 303 W. Haning St. Howe TX 75459 https://www.palioshowe.com/ 903-532-0390 paliospizza@att.net ROOFING HIT Exteriors, LLC Howe, TX 75459 972-977-1523 sergio@hitexteriors.com STORAGE Howe Mini-Storage 609 N. Denny St. Howe TX 75459 903-532-7867 amanda.garner@howecpa.com

TOWING Adams Automotive & Towing 85 Redden Rd Van Alstyne TX 75495 adamsautotow.com 903-482-5784 Pristine Towing & Roadside Assistance 135 Hodgins Rd. P.O. Box 1672 Van Alstyne TX 75495 (903) 814-8064 VIDEO Summit Media Service PO.O. Box 1197 Howe, TX 75459 www.summitmediaservice.co m 214-843-1495

Cityofhowe.org City Hall 116 E. Haning St., 903-532-5571 Mayor: Bill French City Administrator: Joe Shephard City Secretary: Joy Stevens Utility Billing and Municipal Court 116 E. Haning St. 903-532-5571 Utility Clerk: Beccy Roberts Court Clerk: Kerri Cheatham (After hours night drop available) Public Works 317 S. Hughes St. Public Works Director: Mickey Phillips

2019 City of Howe Water, Sewer, Refuse collection rates - one bill $27.15 $7.45 $8.35 $9.30 $9.90

Code Enforcement 317 S. Hughes St. Code Enforcement Officer: Bert Dowlen

$33.60 $5.25

Howe Fire Department 118 E. Haning 903-532-6888 (nonemergency) Fire Chief: Robert Maniet

$13.35 $1.10

Howe Police Department 700 W. Haning St. 903-532-9971 (non-emergency) Dispatch 903813-4411 Police Chief: Carl Hudman Police Sergeant: Keith Milks Economic Development 101 E. Haning St. 903-532-6080 EDC Director: Monte Walker City Council meets third Tuesday at 700 W. Haning St. at 6 pm.

Planning & Zoning Commission Meets third Monday as needed Howe Community Facilities Development Corporation Meets as needed For more information visit the city website www.cityofhowe.org

$27.15 $33.60 $13.35 $1.10 $75.20 $56.95 $54.60 $13.35 $1.10 $126.00 $98.70 $80.85 $13.35 $1.10 $194.00

WATER Base per 1,000 next 4,000 per 1,000 next 20,000 per 1,000 next 20,000 per 1,000 all over 45,000 SEWER Base per additional metered 1,000 gallons TRASH (solid waste) Base Tax MINIMUM BILL Water Sewer Trash Tax Total 5,000 gallons usage Water Sewer Trash Tax Total 10,000 gallons usage Water Sewer Trash Tax Total

HoweEnterprise.com

Local items of interest

April 20, 2020

FBI (Continued from page 8)

a short period of time was unusual and recommended that a validation review be completed on Steele because of this activity,” one footnote stated. You can read the declassified footnotes in their entirety here. 0415-20_ODNI_Declassified_Footnotes_2000337_Unclassified.pdf The FBI did not complete that reevaluation until 2017, long after they had used Steele’s material for a FISA warrant, even though officials acknowledged they were aware of the red flags concerning his oligarch contacts. The two dozen newly declassified footnotes from the Horowitz report on Russia probe failures were provided to Sens. Ron Johnson, R-Wis., and Charles Grassley, R-Iowa, on Wednesday, about two months after the senators first pressed for their declassifications. The two lawmakers expressed grave concerns about the FBI's conduct. "As we can see from these now-declassified footnotes in the IG’s report, Russian intelligence was aware of the dossier before the FBI even began its investigation and the FBI had reports in hand that their central piece of evidence was most likely tainted with Russian disinformation,” Grassley and Johnson said Wednesday.

The memos provide the clearest picture to date that the FBI had numerous warnings it ignored, and kept from the FISA court, about Steele, including the likelihood that his dossier was used as a conduit for a Russian disinformation campaign.

For instance, in early October 2016, before the first FISA warrant was secured, the FBI team leading the Russia investigation codenamed Crossfire Hurricane were told that one source used by Steele and known as Person 1 was tied to Russian intelligence, the newly declassified information shows.

“According to a document circulated among Crossfire Hurricane team members and supervisors in early October 2016, Person 1 had historical contact with persons and entities suspected of being linked to RIS,” the acronym for Russian Intelligence Services, one footnote stated. “The document described reporting [redacted] that Person 1 was rumored to be a former KBG/SVR officer.”

The FBI also failed to disclose that the source known as Person 1 was under a separate counterintelligence investigation by the FBI, the footnotes show.

Likewise, the footnotes show, the FBI interviewed one of Steele’s former bosses in MI6 in November 2016, who warned FBI agents that Steele had overstated his seniority during the time he served in British intelligence. “Steele’s former employer told the FBI in November 2016 after the first application was filed that Steele had served in a ‘moderately senior’ position and not a ‘high-ranking position’ as Steele had suggested,” the footnote said. By Jan. 12, 2017, eight days before Trump had even taken office as president, the FBI had received clear warnings in a report that some of Steele’s dossier information about Trump lawyer Michael Cohen was “part of a Russian disinformation campaign to denigrate U.S. foreign relations.”

The same month the FBI learned from an interview with Steele’s main subsource of intelligence that the central and later disproven allegation that Page had met with senior Russian official Igor Sechin during the 2016 election likely came from Russian intelligence.

The subsource “who provided the information about the Carter Page-Sechin meeting had a (Continued on page 14)

13

HoweEnterprise.com

Texas History Minute Perhaps one of the most recognizable names in American medicine is that of Dr. Walter Reed. Reed Ken Bridges would become a symbol of army medicine in the years after his death with the naming of the military hospital in Bethesda, Maryland, in his honor.

Before that, his work resulted in important advances in patient care and taming one of the most feared diseases of the time, yellow fever.

Reed was born in eastern Virginia in 1851. He was the youngest of five children. His father was a Methodist minister, which required him to travel away from the family home often to preach the gospel at far-flung rural churches. Reed was a brilliant child, and he was part of a family of high achievers, including an older brother who later became a judge and another who also became a preacher. Their education was through a series of private schools and tutors. Their mother died while the children were still young, and the family moved to North Carolina where the children’s maternal grandparents cared for them while their father continued his work for the church.

In 1865, their father remarried, and the family moved back to Virginia.

At the age of 15, Reed enrolled at the University of Virginia with his oldest brothers. He devoured books, sometimes only sleeping three or four hours each night as a result. Showing such immense intellect, he breezed through his courses of study. After two years, he convinced a board of professors to let him take his oral exams early. Surprising the board, he aced the tests and earned his medical degree. At the age of 17, he became the youngest doctor in the history of the university.

Much of any new physician’s work is learning to apply knowledge from books and the lab into practical work, what is today called a residency. Though he had an extensive education, there were no hospitals nearby for apply these new skills. Reed traveled to New York City and continued his studies at the Bellevue Hospital Medical College, earning a second medical degree within a year. Reed began working at several different hospitals, studying pediatric medicine as well as internal medicine and observing up close the effects of deep poverty on the health of the people in the city’s worst boroughs. To see such suffering on such a large scale greatly distressed the young doctor -- still a teenager. Worse still, he saw how little some of his own colleagues knew about medicine or how to treat patients.

By the early 1870s, he was working with the New York Board of Health, which increased his own appreciation of the importance of educating the public about medical

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April 20, 2020

issues. He was also courting Emilie Lawrence, the daughter of a North Carolina planter. These experiences prompted him to change how he approached medicine. He knew he wanted to work as a surgeon and as a researcher while still having a steady income. In 1874, at the age of 23, he enlisted in the army.

Reed quickly passed the army’s qualifying exams and was commissioned as a lieutenant. He married in 1876 as he was sent to a post in the Arizona Territory. They would have two children and adopt a Native American orphan.

Reed made sanitation a priority at army posts and on the reservations to stop the spread of disease. He became a popular physician at army forts, on reservations, and made house calls to frontier residents.

In 1880, Reed was promoted to captain and reassigned to Baltimore. There, Reed began working with one of the foremost minds in public health and the study of microbes and epidemics, Dr. William H. Welch. Welch was one of the co-founders of the prestigious Johns Hopkins Medical School and was its first dean. Reed began conducting research into outbreaks of typhoid fever and yellow fever, both serious problems in cities and army camps across America.

FBI (Continued from page 13)

connection to Russian Intelligence Services,” a footnote stated.

A month later, the intelligence community provided further warnings to the FBI about Steele’s salacious claim about Trump having a sexual encounter with a prostitute in Moscow, suggesting it too was misinformation from Russian intelligence.

An intelligence community report dated Feb. 27, 2017 relayed that a source had “claimed that public reporting about the details of Trump’s sexual activities in Moscow during a trip in 2013 were false and that they were the product of RIS ‘infiltrating a source into the network' " that Steele had used to create his dossier.

By June 2017 as Mueller was starting his work as special counsel, the FBI got an intelligence community report warning again — this time that “two persons affiliated with RIS were aware of Steele’s election investigation in early July 2016” — raising the possibility he had been targeted for misinformation from the start, the records show.

That same month, FBI was advised that one of Steele's sub-sources may have a bias because he

supported Clinton's campaign against Trump.

"The FBI received information in early June 2017 which revealed that among other things there were: ....personal and business ties between the sub‐source and Steele's Primary Sub‐source; contacts between the sub‐source and an individual in the Russian Presidential Administration in June/July 2016; .... and the sub‐ source voicing strong support for candidate Clinton in the 2016 U.S. elections," a footnote stated.

Christopher Steele, Trump dossier author and ex-spy.

Reed returned to Baltimore after another series of tours at frontier outposts in 1892. After completing a new round of medical studies at Johns Hopkins, in 1893, Reed was promoted to major and appointed as professor in the new fields bacteriology and clinical microscopy at the Army Medical School in Washington, DC, and also began working as a professor at the medical school at Columbian University (which is now George Washington University). The army also made him curator of the Army Medical Museum, an important collection of artifacts and records on advances in medicine.

Now secure in his positions as a professor, he worked to educate doctors in the new science of germs and prevention of epidemics as well as advances in other medical fields. He was shaping the minds of a new generation of physicians while finally having the time and resources to conduct the research he had long dreamt to do.

Over the next several years, he published dozens of important articles, leading to new insights into infectious disease.

By the time of the SpanishAmerican War in 1898, Reed was already recognized as a leading figure in the study of bacteria and epidemics. His expertise would be crucial in the next few years in his groundbreaking studies into yellow fever, studies that would come to save thousands of lives.

Dr. Bridges is a Texas native, writer, and history professor. He can be reached at drkenbridges@gmail.com. © 2020 The Howe Enterprise

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I once was blind but now I see One of the most profound mysteries of life is how the natural realm and the spiritual realm operate so differently.

Dr. Billy It’s common Holland for our logical reasoning to be contrary from the way God thinks because number one we cannot always trust our emotions and number two, the natural mind cannot comprehend divine truth. We are reminded in John 4:24 that, “God is a Spirit: and they that worship Him must worship Him in spirit and in truth” and this implies that His wisdom can only be interpreted through our new transformed spirit. The Bible declares that God’s ways and thoughts are much higher than ours and also promises that all who search for His truth will find it. However, it’s only when we become dialedin to this perfect spiritual “frequency” that our conscience can begin to understand who God is, who we are in Him, and what He wants us to become.

Mankind believes his greatest achievement is to be free to live however he wants, but divine reality reveals he is actually suffering in the bondage and blindness of deception. Humans have a natural tendency to run away from God because they are afraid if they respond to His call they will become a miserable slave, yet, most do not realize they are already a prisoner to sin.

The ultimate freedom is spiritual liberty in God and this can only be experienced when a person abandons their carnal nature and allows Christ to become the Lord and Master of their life. Divine truth includes the power of His love to set someone free form their lost condition and this new identity provides the highest form of peace and security; God’s compassion and grace. For those who desire to know the meaning and purpose of life, it will simply come down to believing that God can save us or continue to hold on to the idea that we can somehow save ourselves.

The Almighty Creator of heaven and earth desires to intervene into everyone’s life. Why? Because God loves us! John 3:16 says, “For God so loved the world that He gave His only begotten Son

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April 20, 2020

that whosoever will believe on Him should not perish but have everlasting life.” This is one of the most popular verses in God’s Word, and it should be. It’s called the gospel and is a compact summary of the best news that has ever been told in the history of the world. Jesus was crucified and rose from the dead so that all who believe could be forgiven and live with Him forever and there is nothing better than that!

Remember the words to amazing grace? “Amazing grace how sweet the sound, that saved a wretch like me, I once was lost but now I’m found, was blind but now I see.”

Everyone is searching for contentment and happiness in this world but all will eventually discover that life is disappointing without nurturing a personal relationship with God. Mick Jagger sums it up when he sings, “I can’t get no satisfaction” and this applies to all of us until we make a decision to surrender our heart to Jesus. You see, God’s plan for a blind and hopelessly lost world was to establish an open line of communication and He did that through Christ. Jesus was crucified, died, and rose from the grave to provide the only sacrifice that could redeem a soul, and without this intervention mankind would have continued down the path of being spiritually doomed forever. In our desperate need, His amazing grace provided a way for us to be found when we did not even realize we were lost.

We are now invited to receive His salvation by faith and today all who sense Him drawing them with His convicting power have the choice to either abandon their will and accept Him or remain established in their own rebellious independence. It’s true, the Lord works in mysterious ways to interrupt our thoughts and plans, but He will never force us to love Him. Ephesians chapter 2 verses 8 and 9 declares, “For by grace are ye saved through faith; and that not of yourselves: it is a gift of God: not of anything we could accomplish lest any person should boast.” This simply means that no one finds God – He finds us.

For a limited time, check out the new offer for the book, “Convictions and Considerations” and the narration CD, “Keeper of my Soul” at billyhollandministries.com

Local church calendar A Christian Fellowship 150 Fellowship Ln, Sherman, TX 75090 (903) 815-1333 Wednesday 6:30 pm – Potluck Meal 7:00 pm – Worship Service 7:00 pm – Jr & Sr High Youth Sunday 9:30 am – Sunday School (all ages) 10:30 am – Worship Service 10:30 am – KidZone Children’s Service (5yr – 12 yr.)

Community Bible Fellowship 415 S Collins Fwy, Howe, TX 75459 Wednesday 6:30 pm - Food and Fellowship 7:00 pm - Community Kids (ages 3 - 6th grade, nursery available) 7:00 pm - Youth and Adult Bible Study Sunday 10:30 am - Worship Service First Baptist Church Dorchester 11831 FM 902, Dorchester, TX 75459 903-476-5525 Wednesday 6:00 pm - Meal (Donations for adults and kids eat free) 6:30 pm - Praise service 7:00 pm - Youth Bible Study 7:00 pm - Adult Bible Study 7:00 pm - RA's/GA's/children's group Sunday 9:00 am - Men's Prayer Time 9:45 am - Sunday School 10:45 am - A.M. Worship Service 5:00 pm - Adult Choir Practice 6:00 pm - Evening Worship First Baptist Church Howe 100 E. Davis St., Howe, TX 903532-5504 Tuesday 7:00 pm - Bible Study Wednesday 5:30 pm - Kids Choir 6:30 pm - Team Kid 6:30 pm - Youth Ministry 6:30 pm - Adult Bible Fellowship Sunday 9:15 am - Bible Fellowship 10:30 am - Kids Church 10:30am - Worship Service

First United Methodist Church of Howe 810 N Denny St, Howe, TX 75459 903-532-6718 Monday 9:30 am - Care Team Meeting 10:30 am - Pastor's Bible Study Tuesday 9:30 am - Women's Bible Study 11:30 am - Out and About with Pastor Zack 6:30 pm Boy Scouts Wednesday 9:00 am - Wednesday Workers 6:30 pm - Jr. High and Sr. High Youth Saturday 9:00 am - Feed My Sheep (1st and 3rd Sat each month) Sunday 8:40 am - Fellowship and Donuts 9:00 am - Sunday School 10:00 am - Worship service 3:00 pm - Cub Scouts Howe Church of Christ 1205 N Collins Fwy, Howe, TX 75459 903-532-6441 Wednesday 7:00 pm - Bible Classes (all ages) Sunday 9:00 am - Bible Classes (all ages) 10:00 am - Worship Service 5:00 pm - Worship Service New Beginning Fellowship 910 S Denny St, Howe, TX 75459 903-532-6828 Wednesday 7:00 pm - Radiate Youth 7:00 pm - Sanctuary of for prayer Sunday 9:30 am - Sunday School (kids, youth, women, men) 10:30 am - Worship Service 10:30 am - Kids Church

Times are subject to change. Please check with each church for any possible changes

Verse of the week 1 Peter 1:3 Praise be to the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ! In his great mercy he has given us new birth into a living hope through the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead,

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April 20, 2020

What you can do during COVID Hi Taylor - I’m sheltering in place with my children for the foreseeable future. My husband is still Taylor able to work, Kovar which is nice, but I’m trying to figure out ways to save and stay on top of our finances so we don’t find ourselves in a hole when things go back to normal. Any ideas? - Marci Hey Marci - Glad to hear your family is doing well and still bringing in some income. These are really tough times for the people who suddenly can’t go to work through no fault of their own. You’ve got the right idea look ahead and think of what can be done now in order to keep yourself afloat when we get to the other side of this. Here are a few thoughts to help you keep things in order.

Make some phone calls. A lot is being done to help workers and keep industries above water, so there could be some kind of relief available to you that you don’t even know about. If you have any debts or bills that might push you over the edge on a given month, reach out to your creditors and collectors. I keep getting emails from different banks outlining the ways they’re trying to ease the financial burden felt by customers, so it’s likely you can get an extension on a balance due if you just make a call.

Don’t panic. I’ve been telling people for weeks not to freak out about what the markets are doing, since volatility during a crisis is a guarantee. If you and your husband are looking at your retirement accounts and wondering if you need to sell your stocks and put it all in CDs, don’t!

This is a time to be concerned

with covering our basic expenses, but there’s no need to sell the farm.

Sign up for our 14-day course. Since so many people are in your exact situation, the Kovar team is launching a 14-day COVID Financial Cure course, providing enrollees with a daily task that will help them get their finances in order. We’ll tackle everything from improving your credit score to making smart investments, and all the work can be done easily from your own home. My hope is, in addition to providing useful information, the course will help steady people’s nerves as they worry about covering their bills in the coming months. Head over to GoFarWithKovar.com/ COVIDFinancialCure for more information!

There are plenty of things to do when it comes to managing your wealth. Instead of worrying about the things you can’t do while you’re stuck at home, start thinking about the actions you can take to keep your financial forecast sunny and join us for the 14-day course!

Legal Disclaimer: Information presented is for educational purposes only and is not an offer or solicitation for the sale or purchase of any specific securities, investments, or investment strategies. Investments involve risk and, unless otherwise stated, are not guaranteed. Be sure to first consult with a qualified financial adviser and/or tax professional before implementing any strategy discussed herein. To submit a question to be answered in this column, please send it via email to Question@GoFarWithKovar.com or via USPS to Taylor Kovar, 415 S 1st St, Suite 300, Lufkin, TX 75901.

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Living with children Q: My three-year-old son tends to react physically when he's mad at a preschool classmate instead of John talking it out Rosemond and letting the teachers intervene. We have encouraged him to use words when he’s angry, but he doesn’t seem to get it. Today he bit a classmate (the second time in a year this has happened), and got sent home. I fed him lunch and then confined him for the rest of the day to his bedroom. From now on, I plan on sending him to school every day with a “behavior report card.”

He’ll get a mark for hitting, not obeying, and snatching toys from other kids. If he gets three marks in a day (morning, actually), I’ll confine him to his room at home.

Your thoughts?

A: My immediate thought is that boys, by nature, are more aggressive than girls. My second thought is that the problems you’re describing are not that unusual when it comes to threeyear-old boys and aren’t, in and of themselves, cause for alarm.

This is not to say that aggression from a boy that age ought to be overlooked, but female teachers and mothers are more shocked by it than are males, including most dads. (But then, women are even more shocked when aggressive behavior comes from a girl.)

There is no apocalyptic significance to the sort of behavior you’re describing. Even occasional biting—which tends to provoke near-hysteria among preschool staff (and mothers of bitten children)—is not pathological at this age and does not predict later adjustment problems. In the previous

Ephesians 6:10—6:20 Put on the full armor of God, that you may be able to stand against the schemes of the devil.

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sentence, however, “occasional” is the operative word.

Boys are also more impulsive than girls and language is not their natural problem-solving medium.

Trying to persuade your son to “use words” when he’s angry is a laudable effort, to be sure, but you’re not likely to obtain much success with this approach for another year or two…or three.

This is another example of women expecting boys to be more like girls. As you’ve discovered, boys respond to concrete consequences. At much earlier ages, girls respond to words and are more successful at using them in social negotiations.

Your “Three Strikes, You’re Out!” plan is pretty much along the lines of the approach I generally recommend in situations of this sort. I would only add 15 minutes of in-school time-out when one of the target misbehaviors occurs. Taking him out of the group for that period of time will give him an opportunity to calm down and “reset.” It will also strengthen the “Don’t!” message. And yes, if he bites or hits, his teachers should remove him from the group, call you, and keep him isolated until you arrive to take him home.

In the final analysis, the success of this plan hinges on everyone keeping their cool and cutting him no slack.

Family psychologist John Rosemond: johnrosemond.com, p arentguru.com.

John Rosemond has worked with families, children, and parents since 1971 in the field of family psychology. In 1971, John earned his masters in psychology from Western Illinois University and was elected to the Phi Kappa Phi National Honor Society.

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