Choosing Home: Housing + Wellness for the Chronically Homeless

Choosing home: hoUsing + WeLLness FoR The ChRoniCALLY homeLess Hollie Ingrid Engdahl

DeDications This book is dedicated to Marie Engdahl, Lisa Urwiller, and Jim Crosland for their service to the Omaha community and their willingness to share their ideas for improvement with me.

To the architects and historians of Alley Poyner Macchietto Architects for sharing their expertise in homeless housing in Omaha and the drawings of the Columbian School.

To my thesis committee Jim Shields, Bob Greenstreet and Gil Snyder for their guidance.

To my peers and friends in the program for all of the laughs and therapy sessions.

To my parents who have always encouraged me to follow my dreams.

To my fiancĂŠ David for his tolerance, support and continued belief in me.

taBLe oF contents All photos + images by Hollie Engdahl unless otherwise noted.

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INTRODUCTION CHAPTER ONE Precedent Studies

6

CHAPTER TWO Research

22

Site Analysis

34

Housing + Wellness Addition Proposal

44

Perspectives

62

Feasibility

84

CHAPTER THREE

CHAPTER FOUR

CHAPTER FIVE

CHAPTER SIX

WORKS CITED

96

introDuction In Omaha, Nebraska the chronically homeless population is in need of long term housing in conjunction with a health and wellness center to encourage successful rehabilitation.

My project adapts the Columbian School, a building on the National Register of Historic Places, into studio apartments for chronically homeless men and provides an addition for the health and wellness center.

The Columbian School sits atop a prevalent site where tenants are given a place of importance and pride within the neighborhood and Omaha as a whole. The site provides the tenants walkable access to several social services and amenities such as the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Community Alliance (a mental health recovery center), as well as grocery stores, museums, restaurants, and places of worship.

The reuse of a historic building allows the preservation of resources and the identity of a place. The addition responds to the Columbian School by way of materials, proportion and scale while maintaining the Columbian School’s prominence on the site and the original integrity of the building. By separating the health and wellness center into the new addition tenants are dignified with the choice to use the services when the time is right for them.

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37TH AVENUE

37TH STREET

38TH STREET

38TH AVENUE

39TH STREET

40TH STREET

JONES STREET

EET LEAVENWORTH STR L EAVENW O R

MARCY STREET

5

chapter one PRECEDENT STUDIES

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Richardson Apartments

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Kenyon House

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Case Feliz Studios

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Bud Clark Commons

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Margot + Harold Schiff Residences

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Century Building Lofts

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Program Analysis

20

7

richarDson apartMents DAVID BAKER + PARTNERS San Francisco, California 2012 Richardson apartments provides housing for very low income, formerly homeless population. The building houses 120 studio apartments as well as supportive programming for the tenants including an in house health clinic. Each apartment is 300 sq. ft. with a kitchenette, bed, dresser, and full bathroom.

The ground level features a retail space to reach out to the community as well as an inward looking courtyard which can be completely opened up, via nano wall, to the large community room. The retail space is also used as a job training facility for the tenants. The building’s massing and materials respond to the surrounding neighborhood providing a scale and aesthetic that is natural to the area.

The building is not LEED certified but features many sustainable elements including a purifying bioswale in the courtyard, sunshades, solar electric and domestic hot water panels. The green roof is accessible to the tenants and provides yet another outdoor space for them to enjoy the fresh air.

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GROUND FLOOR

TYPICAL FLOOR

9 Photos by Bruce Damonte; Plans by David Baker + Partners

KenYon house SMR ARCHITECTS Seattle, Washington 2008 Kenyon House is now home to 18 previously homeless tenants with mental and/or physical issues. The apartments are equipped with a bed, desk, dining table, kitchenette, and fully accessible bathroom.

The first floor has a kitchen and a large dining area which provides daily meals for all tenants. There is a large backyard to facilitate gathering, gardening, and contemplation. “Kenyon House provides residents with a safe, home-like atmosphere where they have both autonomy and access to services.”

(GreenSource, 2012) The structure consists of stick framing on a concrete slab with cement board rainscreen wall and a standing seam metal roof. The main facade is oriented South to allow for daylighting and solar heat gain in the winter months. The air quality is of particular importance to this project due to the severity of some tenant’s illnesses. Operable windows are throughout the building which allows for cross ventilation and hydronic fin tube radiators produce the heating to prevent air borne allergens or viruses. The Kenyon House received a LEED Platinum rating for many of these reasons including it’s adjacency to public transportation.

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0

10

20

N

11 Photos by Josh Partee; Plans by SMR Architects

casa FeLiZ stuDios ROB WELLINGTON QUIGLEY San Jose, California 2009 The building houses 60 rooms for single occupants with very low-incomes and developmental disabilities. The 25,00 sq. ft. structure has rooms are 255 sq. ft. with a kitchenette + full bath and are fully accessible. The scale of the structure relates to the surrounding buildings and the streetscape allows a sense of community and openness for the building. Many visual connections are made with the outdoors. The common space is flooded with natural light and views into the outdoor spaces. The main lounge connects to the elevators and stairs allowing social interaction and surveillance for safety. The ground floor houses all of the on-site supportive elements such as laundry, group spaces, computer facilities, and common porches. This project is LEED Gold for it’s solar panels, green roof, infill site, native vegetation with rock gardens. Continuity of design and construction lent itself to the efficiency of cost throughout the project.

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UNIT

UNIT

UNIT

UNIT

UNIT

UNIT

UNIT

UNIT

CORRIDOR

ELEVATOR

UNIT

STORAGE

JANITOR

UNIT TRASH & RECYCLING

ELEVATOR LOBBY

LIVING ROOF LIVING ROOF

OPEN TO LOBBY

WEST BALCONY EAST BALCONY

STORAGE

UNIT

UNIT

UNIT

UNIT

UNIT

UNIT

UNIT STAIR

N

SECOND FLOOR PLAN

0

4'

8'

16'

GARAGE UNIT

UNIT

UNIT

UNIT

PARKING

UNIT

EQUIPMENT

CORRIDOR

COMMON TOILET

OPEN TO BELOW

TRASH & RECYCLING

INTERVIEW

STORAGE

FRONT DESK

MANAGER'S OFFICE

ELEVATOR

COMMON KITCHEN

PUBLIC SIDEWALK

MANAGER'S UNIT

HOUSE

COMMON DECK

A

LOBBY WEST

LOBBY EAST

SOUTH 9TH STREET

GROUP ACTIVITY ROOM

MANAGER'S DECK

ENTRY

A

FRONT PORCH

WEST BALCONY CORRIDOR

METER ROOM

LAUNDRY UNIT

UNIT

UNIT

UNIT

UNIT

UNIT STAIR

N

SITE AND GROUND FLOOR PLAN

0

4'

8'

16'

13 Photos by Bernard Andre; Plans + Diagrams by Rob Wellington Quigley

BuD cLarK coMMons HOLST ARCHITECTURE Portland, Oregon 2011 This building houses a day center for services to transition people out of homelessness, a 24-hour shelter for 90 men, and 130 studio apartments at 300 sq. ft. The facility is 106,00 sq. m. with the temporary shelter on the first floor along with staff offices, private courtyard, kitchen, exercise room, counseling center and loading space for supplies. The keys to success for this project are natural daylight, accessibility, clean air, and durable materials.

This project is LEED Platinum due to solar heated water, locally sourced materials, gray water collection, and relation to its urban context. Cast concrete is the primary material, which is treated in many ways to get several looks, creating a cohesive envelope of acid washed, board formed, and stained concrete. The entire facility is specified with bedbug proof furniture and the studio windows have high sills to allow many furniture configuration.

The building lacks an institutional feel due to it’s attention to detail on every scale. The facade is broken up with different colored window surrounds creating a more typical housing look. The exterior courtyard entrance is clad in perforated metal often revealing words of wisdom and encouragement for the people who enter. The cafeteria ceiling is clad in acoustical white hexagons that add texture and interest to the space. The individual rooms have a stark modern and industrial look of a renovated warehouse with the pop of green.

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SHELTER

DAY CENTER

HOUSING

15 Photos by Sally Schoolmaster, Christian Columbres; Plans by Holst Architecture

MarGot + haroLD schiFF resiDences MURPHY / JAHN Chicago, Illinois 2007 This building houses 96 single occupant rooms of 300 sq. ft. for the chronically homeless and very low income tenants. The structure is 47,000 sq. ft. and provides social support for the tenants for medical and substance abuse problems. There are also social programs and job training facilities within the building. The site was chosen based on important adjacencies for support of the tenants such as the department for aging, a public library, public health clinics, a major supermarket, and the CTA bus line. The site was a former brown field which required a great deal of remediation. To ensure as much permeable area around the building the profile facade tapers. Native vegetation is planted around the perimeter of the building which is irrigated by collected rainwater. Each room is equipped with operable windows for ventilation, a kitchen, and a private bathroom. The project is LEED Silver, receiving it’s points from the aeroturbine on the roof for electricity, the solar heated water system, and the grey water system.

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TYPICAL FLOOR

GROUND FLOOR

17 Photos + Plans by Murphy +Jahn

centurY BuiLDinG LoFts KONING EIZENBERG ARCHITECTURE Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 2009 The Century Building was renovated by Koning and Eizenberg Architecture to a LEED quality. Although most of the housing is one- two bedroom apartments, the building features mixed income housing and at least one studio apartment per floor. To gain LEED credits the building taps into an underground water source for geothermal cooling.

The building recovers exhausted heat or cooling to replenish the air within. It is said that often the temperatures are more like spring or fall than ice cold or steaming hot, to reduce energy consumption and stay comfortable. The materials for construction were locally sourced as well as recycled waste from the construction itself. One of the recycled materials is a shipping container used for bicycle storage for all tenants and the public. The approach to the layout in plan and as you move vertically through the building was intended to allow full access for the tenants with disabilities. This access include a roof top deck with beautiful views of the Allegheny River.

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THIRD FLOOR

TYPICAL FLOOR

19 Photos by TREK Development Group; Plans by Koning Eizenberg Architecture

proGraM anaLYsis •

(25) STUDIO APARTMENTS +WITH KITCHENETTE AND FULL BATH

•

COMPUTER LAB

•

FITNESS CENTER

•

PSYCHIATRIC SUPPORT

•

HEALTH CLINIC

•

CLASSROOM (2)

•

MULTIPURPOSE ROOM

•

KITCHEN (SERVE CAFETERIA)

•

CAFETERIA

•

STAFF OFFICES

•

FRONT DESK

•

LOBBY

•

OVERNIGHT STAFF SLEEPING

•

READING ROOM (EACH FLOOR)

•

COMPUTER LAB

•

SMOKING ROOM

•

LOUNGE (EACH FLOOR)

•

LAUNDRY

•

MAILBOXES

•

OUTDOOR GATHERING SPACE + RAISED VEGETABLE GARDENS

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square FootaGe Building Bud Clark Commons Common Lounge Courtyard Exercise Room Counseling ADA Apartment Apartment Kitchen Laundry Balcony Housing Office

Area

# of Tenants Use

Area/Tenants

1500 3400 250 1220 380 330 630 250 200 1090

18 130 90 (70 each room18)

83 26 2 67

90 60 18 130

7 4 11 8

Casa Feliz Studios Laundry Housing Office Computer Lab Courtyard Main Lobby Apartment Group Activity Manager’s Unit Trash/Recycling

220 375 360 850 1050 250 250 460 120

60 60 60 60 60

3 6 6 14 17.5

60

4.1

60

2

Margot + Harold Schiff Laundry Lobby Main Office Trash/Recycling Smoking Lounge Community Room Offices Bicycle Room Floor Lounge Apartment ADA Apartment Conference

250 1100 475 100 200 1100 1000 270 500 300 400 220

96 96 96 96 96 96 96 96 24

2.5 11 5 1 2 11 10 3 20

Kenyon House Dining Room Kitchen Apartment Main Office Main Lounge Laundry Backyard

550 150 335 375 500 80 4800

Richardson Apartments Laundry Health Clinic Apartment Lounge Dining/Common Kitchen Courtyard Psychiatric Office Health Office Main Office Lobby

275 1650 370 400 1120 170 2230 145 125 285 600

2 96

16 16

34 9.4

16 16 18

31 5 260

120 120

2.3 13.75

120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120

3.3 9.3 1.4 18.6 1.2 1 2.4 5

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chapter tWo RESEARCH

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INTERVIEWS Marie Engdahl

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Lisa Urwiller

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Conclusion

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GROUP RESEARCH Peter + Paul Precedent

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Housing First

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23

interVieWs

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Marie enDGahL Marie Engdahl Interview Sunday March 18th 8:00 PM Hollie: “Can you tell me about how you came to decide on the program you have, the different spaces you have listed, was it through research or through personal experience?”

Marie: “It was an identified need for the city of Omaha just out of observation and out of my work experience, knowing there wasn’t a safe haven in town. There are a lot of homeless shelters with waiting lists that do not cater to those that are chronically homeless.”

H: “There aren’t any safe havens or permanent housing?”

M: “Outside of the VA no, and you must be a veteran.”

H: “Your program stated that you want 25 apartments, how did you come to that number?”

M: “Through research that included when we went and visited another facility in the making in St. Louis. Funding through HUD determines amount, you have to be careful with how many you have based on funding.”

H: “You specified a kitchenette for the apartments, what did you imagine this would include?”

M: “Something similar to a hotel suite: a mini fridge, microwave and sink.”

H: “For the cafeteria would all meals be provided?”

M: “Yes.” H: “Why is this building type a necessity for Omaha now?”

M: “With the recession there has been an increase in the homeless population, and the wait lists and there is nothing like it (a safe haven) here.”

H: “Has a Safe Haven ever been proposed for Omaha?”

M: “An attempt was made for something of this kind for the VA hospital.

I’m not sure if it was because of zoning or the neighborhood nearby had gone against it. I know the funding was available for it, but it may have been a city planning issue.”

H: “Do you know if veterans make up more of homeless population here, and why was your focus for the program on veterans.”

M: “No not so much, it is actually more funding related more funding is available for veterans than individuals that are chronically homeless, so if you are a chronically homeless person and you are a vet, there is more funding available for you.”

H : “What is your professional experience with Omaha homeless population?”

M: “When I worked at Community Alliance I had quite a few consumers who I was working with to help them find employment, and sometimes their progression with trying to find a job was parallel to their progression with moving into housing and getting off the streets and out of the shelter. There are times that I would meet somebody who was homeless at the time that I met with them but a week later they would apply for housing but in order to sustain and apartment they would have to have an income and so that was my role while they were looking for work.”

H: “You spoke about homeless shelters, is that the only kind of facility provided for the homeless pop with housing?”

M: “Yes.” H: “Do you know how many people those facilities house?”

M: “I don’t. I couldn’t tell you but Lisa could tell you that.”

H: “Define chronic homelessness.”

M: “Someone who has been homeless off and on for over 10 years.”

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H: “I read the definition as someone who is homeless for 30 consecutive days?”

M: “There are different ways people identify it depending on what they are trying to help them with. If somebody wants to apply for social security they might apply for a program like SOAR and they only work with individuals that have been homeless for 30 straight days. But I think for what we were looking at they would be homeless off and on for 10 years. These are people who have been unsuccessful with shelters and with what’s available to them now.”

H: “So you know that population you would know who they are and where to find them?”

M: “You could definitely talk to program directors at shelters and they could easily tell you who has been coming in for many many years.”

H: “If funding were not an issue do you think you’d still focus on veterans for this program?”

M: “I guess depending on the need, if you saw that more people could benefit from it and funding wasn’t an option then absolutely.”

H: “In a safe haven facility what is the ultimate goal for the tenant?”

M: “The goal is to provide them with the shelter, a personal space that they feel comfortable coming and going from so that they are ready to take a step forward in their recovery meaning they’re ready to start working towards whatever type of treatment they might need, if it’s mental health, a physical disability if there is a root cause to which they are homeless. Many people who are chronically homeless it can be anything from drug related to mental illness, more often mental illness, they’ve just been unsuccessful with treatments so many times that they’ve given up or they just don’t have a reason why they would stay here, some people are just comfortable with that. But it is to give them a place that they can come and go from where the rules aren’t as strict where you could have people who could come home intoxicated, not have alcohol in the facility, but at most shelters they’d be turned away. To give them a place they feel safe and know that they won’t be rejected. You can’t kick those habits in a day when you’ve been doing it for 10 years.”

H: “Do you have any knowledge of the type of spaces that the homeless population in Omaha live in?”

M: “Our downtown area, the Gene Leahe Mall, many people make a place to stay there. Near the Missouri river there are a lot of people, many who have tents and homes that they’ve built.”

H: “Do you have any thoughts on why that might be?”

M: “Well there are no rules, no one to tell them what to do, also when people go to shelters their personal belongings may be stolen from them. Sleeping in a room with that many people causes a lot of anxiety or even interacting with other people. It takes a long time for people who have been homeless for maybe even 6 months, to the point where if they move into an apartment it takes them a very long time to adjust because they are afraid to leave it, because they are afraid it won’t be there when they get back, or they’re not used to being alone because they have been staying in a shelter for so long.”

H: “As far as the professionals working in the building if you were to work in a place like this what would be your expectations as far as meeting your needs?”

M: “There’s a mental health hospital called Lasting Hope Recovery Center and they house various professionals that might have a therapist from let’s say Lutheran Family Services who is being paid by LFS and has an office at LFS but they also have a shift at LHR. At CA they have a psychiatrist that holds a clinic for the homeless there who is based out of Creighton and they’ll do pro bono work for the clinic. The shelter we are talking about would be similar to this as a professional they may be housed at this shelter a couple days a week.”

H: “Would this be the case for the safe haven, professionals having a clinic 2-3 times a week coming in from other offices?”

M: “I think we’d start it this way, but typically you won’t find that kind of support to be there 24-7.”

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H: “From your own personal experience what are needs not often met in social service spaces, speaking architecturally?”

M: “I think making the facility feel less clinical, institutional, you want to make sure these people feel comfortable. Coming from off of the street into a very professional environment is really going to throw them off. You need to find a happy medium between grandma’s house and going to the doctors.”

H: “What kind of privacy or security needs do you have when working with the homeless?”

M: “You have to be really good about recognizing where the person is at who is coming through the door, if the person is coming in pretty upset you have to de-escalate them, you have to make sure you have another person around for backup. You have to keep in mind not just letting anybody through the door, a check in/check out procedure with certain areas locked off, keeping things confidential and a place to separate yourself if needed from the environment. You want to make sure that everyone feels safe.”

H: “Sound privacy but visually connected?”

M: “Yes, a meeting room with blinds, or a window.”

H: “How exactly is a project like this funded?”

M: “Through the government, you have to show that there is a need and get a grant. There are many different funding programs out there: the VA, HUD, Region 6 for mental health. Other programs or partners, like VOC Rehab and CA.” H: “Would the tenants be expected to pay rent?”

M: “No, what you could do is have some type of a housing, Omaha housing authority, or region 6 funded housing program as partners to the point where you can refer them to and walk them through that process until they are situated.”

H: “What would be the length of stay in this facility, shortest term to longest term?”

M: “One year to 5 years depending on person and needs?”

H: “You spoke about making a space that does not feel institutionalized.

I’ve read that they don’t want to feel separated or stigmatized in the neighborhood. Do you agree that the option of utilizing an old building in a neighborhood is good for the tenants?”

M: “Older is better than newer. As long as it isn’t like a hotel or hospital, the neighborhood is the most important, you need to make sure it’s close to the bus line, or a hospital. You need to have other service providers nearby so they don’t have a huge trek. The majority of non profits that are catered to the homeless and those that have mental illness are for the most part located between Midtown and Downtown, so if you’re sticking in that area you are a part of that family.”

H: “I’ve added a computer lab and a reading room to the facility, any thoughts?”

M: “The computer lab is good because you could have computer classes there. A lot of people I’ve worked with even adults who have been homeless for a long time don’t have a lot of computer experience and I don’t want to say that about everybody because there are people who have had professional jobs and ended up homeless but I think it’s always good to have that ongoing education so that when they are ready to go back into the workforce they have those skills. That would definitely be a plus, a reading lab would be great so that they would have a space for quiet time, providing book and the newspaper for them is good, and it will help them from going to the library and finding themselves with the homeless population. It also adds a social element to help them adjust back into society.”

H: “According to designing housing for the homeless the 6th priority is a library with reading materials, and newspapers, thoughts?.”

M: “Then they don’t have to go to the library. There is a lot of stigma at the library because people who are not used to being around the homeless they might find themselves next to someone who smells poorly or is talking to themselves or having hallucinations, they might be bathing in the bathroom. A lot of reasons why they go is because they are kicked out of the shelter at 7 in the morning and have nothing to do for the day. So if you keep them busy the less likely they are to go back onto the streets find drugs find alcohol find trouble when they can keep busy at a place that is open 24-7 to them.”

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H:: “So you are in agreeance for the program I have added?”

M: “Absolutely.”

H: “I have more room than just the 25 studios, how do you feel about changing that number at all?”

M: “You don’t want it to start feeling like an apartment complex, you don’t want to overwhelm them, the more people the more staff you need. The medical needs and rebuilding their lives takes a lot of man power and focus. I would add more communal space and reading rooms on each floor before adding apartments, it would be good for the tenants to have places to avoid isolation but also encouraging

H: “Different configurations, different options, if there are a couple openings they have a choice.”

M: “Exactly, something to make it feel like it’s their own, they can’t go to Joe’s room and it looks just like them, it’s my room it’s unique, something to feel like they own it. TV is very very important, and setting it up for music, it’s a coping skill for many people. Looking at soundproofing, it can’t be too quite so they don’t feel alone, but if someone’s having a rough go and are being very vocal, they don’t want their neighbor to be too aware of them, an office area for a checklist or whiteboard to be able to write things down, some kind of an office space. They want to have structure. Warm lighting would be good.”

those to have private space.”

H: “Do you have any advice, or anything I may have not considered?”

M: “I would suggest an interview with a program director of a shelter and a homeless person. Ask them what they would recommend if a facility like this were to be opened, who they would refer to this shelter. Every person who is homeless is different and has different needs, and how are you going to serve them.”

H: “How does one cater to 25 individuals who are all coming to this facility for different reasons and backgrounds?”

M: “Being flexible is going to be key that way you are catering to the person who would rather be alone in their room, they can but then those that are uneasy about being alone they have the option to interact with others, there are going to be a lot of people with different needs and your goal is to keep them coming back and comfortable in their home.”

H: “If you imagine a space that you would design if you were housing the chronically homeless, picture yourself in their apartment, what has got to be there, what do you see?”

M: “I would say windows, making sure they have a nice view and lighting is really important, the ability to grow their own plant if they want to something to take care of and be responsible for. Making it feel personal, like not every room feels/looks the same.

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Lisa urWiLLer Lisa Urwiller Interview Tuesday March 20th 8:30 AM Hollie: “Tell me about your professional experience working with the Omaha homeless population.”

Lisa: “I am a homeless services specialist so I work with those who are in shelters or living on the street. Here at CA they also have to have a severe and persistent mental illness so they have to have a diagnosed mental illness like bipolar, schizophrenia, schizo-affective or major depression. They also have several other, many have several diagnosis not just one. I help them get housing, I help them with their benefits like their food stamps social security benefits, pretty much anything they need, food pantries this kind of stuff.”

H: “What do the Omaha shelters provide?”

L: “There are 3 main shelters, Sienna Francis House, Open Door Mission and the Stephens Center. They all do several different things, the Stephens Center is a dry shelter, so you have to be clean and sober to stay there they will give you a UA they’ll give you a breathalyzer, it’s a short stay there 1 or 2 months, it used to be a lot longer. Which seems like a long time but to get housing it’s short but they do women and children and single men, they won’t house couples, but they also have the HERO treatment program. Open Door is a more faith based they are now getting into permanent supportive housing so they have apartments. They serve women, children, families, single individuals and their stay is longer than the others. Sienna Francis is a wet shelter so you can be drunk high anything ad stay there. They also take women children and single individuals. Both open door mission and Sienna Francis are building apartment buildings to have their own programs. Those are both in the process now.”

H: “As far as how much of the homeless population utilizes the facilities or how many are turned away do to overcrowding?”

L: “I don’t know the most recent numbers but I do know we struggle in the winter because there are a lot of people who like to live outside in tents. So when the floods were here and it’s really really cold, people get turned away and it’s hard. Places like Sienna Francis end up taking way more than they can and putting them on mats, just because these people need somewhere to go.”

H: “As far as your contribution to the safe haven idea could you tell me more about how the three of you came up with that and what needs does this meet that currently aren’t being met in Omaha because there isn’t anything like it right?”

L:”No there isn’t anything like it. We saw a need for more shelter space because even though the city says there isn’t a need, when I have people that call me and say all the shelters are full I don’t have anywhere to go, that’s a need. But it’s different because it is more of a housing first kind of idea. Some of these other places they make you be clean and sober, you need to get all of these things in order before they let you in and this is more that we want to give them a place to stay. And a lot of people fail, we know not everybody is going to be able to stay clean and sober and follow all these rules, so this is a place for those kinds of people.”

H: “Do you know if something like this has ever been proposed are the current housing developments similar?”

L: “No, those are considered permanent supportive housing which is similar but, I don’t know what all they will require when they open, but I think you’re going to have to follow programming, which will be some sort of a day program probably and I’m assuming a lot of them don’t allow drugs and alcohol which would be challenging, I’m assuming that’s going to be very different once we get their rules, I think it’s going to be more strict than what a safe haven would be. I don’t know if anything has ever been proposed, I haven’t heard of it.”

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H: “Can you give me an example of a person entering into this safe haven what would be expected of them or what would be there challenges as far as staying there or moving forward? Duration of stay?”

L: “We never really got that far, but when were down in St. Louis, I think the goal would just be improvement on their life somehow whatever that looks like to them, decrease in hospital stays and money spent on the homeless because that was a big thing. People will just go to the ER no matter what but if people had a place to stay had a little bit of structure, some of that money that the state spends on the homeless would be put into something like a safe haven. Which I know what a big selling point for them in St. Louis that it decreased all of the cost that police and manpower into helping homeless, if they focused it on housing it saves the state a whole bunch of money. I know that not everybody is going to want to follow the classrooms and getting clean and sober, but I think if you can help the ones that wanted it that’s the goal. Longest stay I know that they had kind of a long term that they

L: “I could see the benefits to both, because obviously you could help more people but with this type of shelter it might be better to keep it to the 25 just so you could concentrate your efforts on you don’t want to get it too big where it isn’t individualized because it is very special population that obviously hasn’t succeeded in probably living on their own even maybe living in a group home previously they haven’t done well in other places and it’s going to need a lot of attention but it would be nice to help more people.”

were looking for a site when we were there I would say 1 to 2 years just to get people in kind of a supportive apartment with a little bit of help they probably haven’t lived on their own in a long time to be able to transition them to living on their own.”

has social security benefits he just won’t go into a group home he just wants to live down there on a mat in a big room and so that program would maybe be geared for people like him to slowly try to work him back into a normal life.”

H: “What are the types of spaces or locations in Omaha where the homeless stay?”

L: “They were down by the river and by Open Door Mission. That was before the flooding. They tend to stay under a lot of the bridges, under the south Omaha bridge. Overall more midtown and downtown locations. Any bridges, and by the river a lot of people camp and only come in during the very cold.”

H: “So places either with overhead shelter or where they won’t be bothered?”

L: “Yes”

H: “So that must be a huge transition because these are all studio apartments with their own bath, so they have a lot of space to themselves.”

L: “And I think part of what we would do is a kitchenette. There are some people who can’t handle or don’t know how to use a stove, even remembering to turn off the gas until those skills were learned.”

H: “Would you keep the number of apartments at 25, even though I have enough space for more.”

H: “Based on my conversation with Marie and now what you’ve said I would like to fill the extra space with other program, I’ve added a computer lab.”

L: “We could have vocational specialists come in and have classes on computers and basic stuff like that, so I definitely think that would be beneficial. For example we have a man that works with our ACT team that has been homeless for probably 20 years and he lives at Sienna Francis literally lives there and he will not get his own apartment, he

H: “What would define a kitchenette?”

L: “Small stoves are often in group homes and they’ll just unhook them until the people are ready to use, I definitely think microwave mini fridge.”

H: “I also added on site laundry and a reading room.”

L: “Sometimes when I would go looking for people I would go down to the public library and I would find them.”

30

concLusion H: “Add lounge space.”

L: “Part of it is, the population that we would be serving has been homeless for years and years and they are used to shelters where they are around a lot of people they always have people around and living alone is really hard so that common space would be very important.

Because a lot of people too have the voices and being alone with the voices is when it gets bad and so you’d definitely want a lot of interaction.”

H: “Smoking room has windows and is heated for winter. Also I’ve chosen en existing building near here, do you have any thoughts on that as a potential client?”

L: “I like the idea of using an existing building, I love adding on for the kitchen and health care. When we had talked we spoke about finding an existing building. “ H: “If you could imagine yourself walking to these studio apartments, when you walk into the space is there anything you see?”

L: “I would make it as normal as possible just like any other apartment, a bed, couch chair, a TV, a lot of people need that noise. They will feel more alone without any additional noise.”

L: “My one last thing is that I saw a need for it because I had people calling with nowhere to go, but in St. Louis their big push was money and how it saved the state so much money a lot of it was fireman police officers and the hospital because these homeless people would get drunk they’d get high they’d be in the street they’d get hit by cars, they’d fall they’d get into fights, because they didn’t have anywhere to go. They’d always end up going to the hospital and a lot of them didn’t have benefits and they said this really cut down on the costs of fireman police officers and the hospital because they had a safe place to go home to and were working toward something. That’s why the state gives them money because it’s cheaper for them to put money into this and it looks good for a state. The neighbors could be a problem, because they have the big issue with the new vets housing, they shot it down just because the neighborhood said no way.”

The interviews with Marie and Lisa revealed to me that the program alterations of my suggestions were on point and that the apartment number should not rise above 25 studios. The need to focus on the veteran population is strictly funding related and may be let go for this projects sake.

This type of project is unique to the area based on issues nonarchitectural. Since the proposal is that of ‘wet’ housing the tenants would be allowed to come home intoxicated and work through their addictions while staying at the safe haven instead of being turned away until clean and sober like all other shelters of this kind.

Both interviewees informed me that the location was of utmost importance. They suggested that the site be located where the neighborhood would be willing to accept such a program. It was equally important to them that the housing be near social service facilities and hospitals that the tenants would need. After explaining my site solution to them, both were in agreement that I had found a suitable location.

It was expressed to me in both interviews the importance of how difficult the transitions for the homeless into this housing is going to be for each individual. It was suggested that I keep things flexible allowing lounge space for socializing and quiet reading rooms for alone time. It was also suggested to make space for a Television and stereo to allow ambient noise in the rooms for those uncomfortable with the idea of being alone and also those with schizophrenia. For many of the tenants smoking and caffeine is part of their lives and they will need spaces available to accommodate those needs. I will add a conditioned space looking to the gardens to act as a smoking room and perhaps add coffee machines in the lounge or individual rooms.

A kitchenette within the rooms will include a small stove, microwave and refrigerator. Marie suggested to configure the rooms differently to allow a better sense of ownership and choice for the tenant.

She also suggested that the space not have an institutional feel, and the thought of using an old building for the apartments was well received by both women.

The interviews were eye opening and very valuable to my design and I will continue to refer back to them as well as in person as my project develops.

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peter + pauL coMMunitY serVices saFe haVen GARFIELD ELEMENTARY SCHOOL St. Louis, Missouri 2012 The Missouri Safe Haven will feature 25 private bedrooms with communal dining, and recreational space. The facility will house tenants as well as support staff . What makes a Safe Haven different from other semi-permanent housing is the presence of a psychiatric nurse, licensed clinical social worker, occupational therapist, substance abuse counselor, and 24-hour hospitality staff to monitor medications and provide oversight. These staff members will help tenants to deal with addiction, mental illness, life skills, and job acquisition allowing them a much higher chance of successful rehabilitation. To save a building and money, this Elementary School was bought by Peter and Paul to be renovated for this facility. It is currently under construction.

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HOME

INDEPENDENT APARTMENT

TRANSITIONAL HOUSING

EMERGENCY SHELTER

STREETS

HOUSING FIRST vs CONTINUUM OF CARE

OMAHA GROUP Lisa Urwiller

This facility would support the idea of Housing First, instead

Homeless Specialist

of a Continuum of Care. The Continuum of Care approach has the homeless be helped by going from the streets to an

Marie Engdahl

emergency shelter to transitional housing to permanent

(Former) Employment Training Specialist

apartments, however in nearly all cases, tenants were expected to have overcome their addictions in order to obtain any kind of permanent residence. Housing First supports the

Jim Crosland Employment Training Specialist

process of helping homeless individuals go from the streets directly into a stable living environment. Through this the tenants are given refuge while dealing with and overcoming substance abuse. Once stable, they can begin to address what causes their homelessness.

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chapter three SITE ANALYSIS

34

Site Summary

36

Service Map

37

Columbian School

40

35

site suMMarY The site is located in Midtown Omaha, Nebraska, a city of 865,000 people located on the Eastern border of the state. Downtown Omaha begins at the Missouri River and grows West. Midtown Omaha is located West of Highway 680 and East of 72nd Street as well as North of Center St. and South of Radial Highway. Within Midtown is a square mile one could call the “Social Service Center� of the city. This neighborhood was chosen for its supportive relevance to the proposed program where many different types of social organizations are located. Nearby there are also technical colleges, stores, restaurants, and a large supermarket to support the needs of the tenants. Two blocks west of the site is the head of the Field Club Trail beginning on Leavenworth Street and travels South for 2 miles bypassing the Veterans Hospital. It is my intention to make a walking connection between my site and the path to influence Omaha on an urban scale.

The specific site that I have chosen is located at 3819 East Jones Street. There is an existing building on the site called Columbian School. This building is a historical landmark in Omaha and has recently been renovated to house studio, 1 + 2 bedroom apartments. The parcel of land is .7 acres and includes a parking lot to the south. Since my intention is to renovate the existing building as single room occupancy housing, I will be constructing a new addition for the rest of the programmatic elements on the parking lot.

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The American Red Cross

Walgreens Pharmacy

Ronald McDonald House

YWCA Omaha DODGE

40TH

DODGE

University of Nebraska Medical College

Arch Halfway House

FARNAM

2ND 42

D D

36TH STREET

SA

UNMC Center for Successful Aging

LE

C

R EE K

HARNEY

Lutheran Family Services

Community Alliance

Baker’s Supermarket

Douglas County Social Services

VA Hospital

A E 38TH AV

S JONES

LEAVENWORTH

Family Dollar

Columbian School

Assistance League of Omaha

Field Club Trail

Site Food/Drug Social Services Pedestrian Trail Park

37 Left Photo by Library of Congress of Omaha; Right Photo by Google Maps

site VieWs Although Midtown is an up and coming area, property costs remain reasonable. As an old part of the city much of it remains walkable and a variety of amenities are always nearby. The vast majority of relevant social service agencies are located within this square mile including Community Alliance. The most appropriate and intriguing site for the project is the Columbian School on 3819 E Jones Street.

38

Although the chimney is not an original feature of the site, towers of all kinds can be found nearby. This proved that it should be preserved. The chimney would eventually become the main feature of the courtyard.

39

coLuMBian schooL JOHN LATENSER Omaha, Nebraska 1892 This building was constructed in 1892 in the Richardsonian Romanesque style by architect John Latenser Sr. The structure is comprised of a system of interior and exterior loadbearing solid masonry walls. The floors and roof are supported with wood framing. John Latenser was known for his school designs as well as Omaha’s largest and best known structures from the early 20th century. The school was built post a reformation of the public school system. It was built to exemplify the Board of Education’s prerequisites for schools which were to help attendance. The Board required that the schools be safe, attractive, well ventilated and well illuminated. The large operable windows allow for grand views to the street and provide lots of daylighting and ventilation.

The building was renovated post 1990 and now houses twenty-five 1 and 2 bedroom apartments. No demolition of the original walls or structure has taken place due to the building’s listing on the National Register of Historic Places.

40

The school was built over a period of 30 years and has since been updated to various conditions. I intended to keep the main facade and characteristics of the building untouched and to connect the addition in the most sympathetic way to the existing structure.

TODAY

1920 ADDITION

1892

41 B/W Photos by National Parks Service

oriGinaL pLans These plans determine the load-bearing walls that may not be altered in the renovations. The main walls dividing each classroom are structural and so will need to be utilized in the planning of the housing program.

SECOND FLOOR

FIRST FLOOR

BASEMENT

42

square FootaGe The average size of a classroom is nearly 800 s.f. which means each apartment will be nearly 400 s.f. giving the tenant plenty of room for an individual bathroom and kitchenette.

SECOND FLOOR 793

793

212

785

793

782

FIRST FLOOR 783 793

793

496

212

280 785

793

782

496

783

BASEMENT 783 793

793

496

212

280 785

793

782

496

783

43 Original plans provided by Alley Poyner Macchietto Architects

chapter Four HOUSING + WELLNESS ADDITION PROPOSAL

44

COLUMBIAN SCHOOL Intentions

46

Program

47

COLUMBIAN SCHOOL PLANS Basement Plan

51

First Floor Plan

52

Second Floor Plan

53

Addition Foundation Plan

55

Addition First Floor Plan

56

Addition Second Floor Plan

57

Addition Roof Plan

58

Site Plan

59

Elevations

60

ADDITION PLANS

45

coLuMBian schooL aDDition HOLLIE ENGDAHL Omaha, Nebraska 2012 My intention for this building is to keep the existing portions as complete as possible, focusing on the layout of the plan for housing, a reading room, and overnight staff rooms. I will design an addition to house the rest of the program that will be located where the current parking lot sits. I intend to connect the buildings very subtlety, with some kind of hallway and on either side a garden to mask the transition and create a soft boundary between the two buildings. The scale of the addition should be in reference to the scale of the existing and mimic it’s openings as seen fit.

The building sits only two blocks from the Field Club Trail that begins to the South of Leavenworth. This trail passes alongside the Field Club Golf Course as well as greenspace owned by the Veterans Hospital. Since many of the tenants will be male veterans it can be assumed that they will need to get to the VA Hospital at one time or another.

Also, in Omaha a trail through the city is a rare occurrence. I intend to make a connection from the West end of my addition to the head of the Field Club Trail to provide access and enjoyment for the VA Hospital and the Trail itself.

46

PROGRAM:

HOUSING

WELLNESS ADDITION

25 Studio Apartments Laundry Main Hospitality Office Bicycle Storage Lounge Reading Room Fitness Center Computer Lab

Cafeteria Lobby Smoking Room Offices Psychiatric Nurse Licensed Clinical Social Worker Occupational Therapist Substance Abuse Counselor

Multipurpose Room Conference Room Classroom Computer Lab Bicycle Storage +Lockers Physical Therapy

47

connectinG the neW to the oLD The portion of the 1920s addition that steps back from the Columbian School’s north and south facades allows for a slot for the connecting element for new addition to the existing building. The image to the left shows the original site conditions and the right shows the new site once the additions has been added.

48

Looking Northeast toward the West facades of the existing and new buildings from the street the connection piece is subtle and does not take away from the massing of the existing building.

49

renoVation pLans For the coLuMBian schooL

50

BaseMent

2 A108 1 A109

DN

COMPUTER LAB MECHANICAL

DN READING ROOM

UP DN

DN

LAUNDRY FITNESS CENTER

LOUNGE

MECHANICAL

UP DN

The Basement Level is 8’-0” ceilings with garden level windows in the original part of the building. In the 1920s addition the apartments feature stairs down making the UP P

SMOKING ROOM

spaces 11’-0” ceilings and full windows to the West.

This level features one of the lounges, the fitness center, computer lab and laundry for

UP UP

the tenants. From this level the tenants have access to the connection hall/lounge to the

UP

3 A108

DN

addition.

51

First FLoor

2

1

A108

A109

DN DN

DN

DN READING ROOM

BICYCLE STORAGE

HOUSING OFFICE

This floor has 12’ -0” ceilings and features the main office which seconds as sleeping quarters for night staff. There is also bicycle storage for the tenants on this level and one reading room for semi-private space . Three of the DN UP

apartments on this level are ADA accessible.

DN

DN

3 A108

52

seconD FLoor

2

1

A108

A109

DN

DN

LOUNGE READING ROOM

This floor has 12’-0” ceilings and is only the original volume of the school at this level.

The second public lounge and reading room are housed on this level as well as two ADA accessible apartments.

3 DN

A108

53

pLans For the heaLth + WeLLness aDDition

54

FounDation

The foundation of the new addition houses one room on the West end for mechanicals for the new construction. Windows are placed in the West facade at this level to relate to the urban scale and complete the composition of the elevation.

55

aDDition First FLoor

This floor has a ceiling height of 10’-0� and houses the entire medical clinic which features a physical therapy room and staff bicycle and locker space.

The lobby is an inviting space which allows views up to the second floor and beyond to the connection between buildings.

Two classrooms are stacked on the West end of the building allowing easy access and visual connections for tenants as a reminder. that courses for improvement are available.

56

aDDition seconD FLoor

The second floor has 10’-0� ceilings and features a large cafeteria which allows for a variety of seating options to support the tenants ability to choose what is comfortable for them.

There is also a multipurpose room adjacent to the cafeteria for special events in case food preparation is necessary. The second floor is level with the courtyard space allowing tenants easy access to the outdoors.

57

aDDition rooF

The roof features a terrace for daily use. It is accessible from the courtyard external stair and internally from the fire stair and elevator.

The terrace has a kitchen for tenant and event use and is covered by a wood pergola that ties to the two extruded volumes together. From this height much of Midtown Omaha is viewable to the Southeast. There are also green roofs in the inaccessible portions of the roof for LEED and sustainable purposes.

58

site pLan

59

eLeVations

WEST ELEVATION

60 EAST ELEVATION

NORTH ELEVATION

61 SOUTH ELEVATION

chapter FiVe PERSPECTIVES

62

Room Layouts

64

Connection

67

Connection Section

68

Lobby

70

Office

71

Transverse Site Section

72

West Garden

74

Courtyard

76

Roof Terrace

78

Addition Night View

79

Longitudinal Section Addition

80

Model

82

63

rooM LaYout 1 The apartment layouts are varied throughout the building to allow new tenants the choice of what type of space they

DN DN

DN

DN READING ROOM

feel most comfortable. To emphasize this a plywood finish is BICYCLE STORAGE

applied to all of the kitchen walls to have immediate visual HOUSING OFFICE

emphasis as to the variation in layouts.

64

rooM LaYout 2 The building is equipped with fully accessible rooms for 10% of the tenants. This includes an elevator to every floor,

DN DN

DN

DN READING ROOM

lowered counter tops in the kitchenette and accessible BICYCLE STORAGE

public and private bathrooms.

HOUSING OFFICE

65

rooM LaYout 3 This apartment has a better sense of divided space by way of closet placement and the low wall dividing the

DN DN

DN

DN READING ROOM

kitchenette. The kitchen back wall and low wall are both BICYCLE STORAGE

treated with the plywood finish.

HOUSING OFFICE

66

66

connection

UP DN

Within the connecting form there is a smoking room for inclement weather, a lounge for people watching and gaming, and a ramp to allow ADA access from the UP P

SMOKING ROOM

Columbian School to the new addition for health and wellness.

UP

67

connection section

68

69

LoBBY The lobby allows for many views into the other spaces of the building. This gives a visitor to the building the sense that this is a welcoming space. This allows the receptionist and tenants the security of seeing where everyone is and what is happening within the building.

70

oFFice Although the office is located in the underground portion of the building that fills in the footprint of the original boiler room, a long skylight in the courtyard allows some natural daylight to come down into the office and bring out the texture and color of the brick wall.

71

transVerse site section

72

73

West GarDen To utilize the portion of the courtyard which has been segregated from the main court by the connection form, three large garden beds have been placed to encourage tenants independence and responsibility to tend to the garden and help provide food for the kitchen.

74

74

75

courtYarD A walking labyrinth has been designed to inhabit the main courtyard. The labyrinth travels around the existing chimney. The connection piece is fully glazed to allow views to the West from this space. The cafeteria leads directly out into this space for easy access.

76

77

rooF terrace The roof of the new addition is fully accessible from the courtyard exterior stair or the internal fire stair and elevator. A kitchen and seated space allows for this to be used as event space or outdoor cooking for tenants during good weather months.

78

niGht VieW oF south FacaDe The mass of the exterior wall allows for little light pollution to the outside at night. The main entrance helps to light the front stairs for safety in the evening.

79

LonGituDinaL section

80

81

MoDeL

82

BeFore / aFter

83

chapter six FEASIBILITY

84

LEED: New Construction + Major Renovation

86

Budget: New Construction + Historic Renovation

92

Funding Sources

94

85

LeeD: neW construction + MaJor renoVation Throughout the design process sustainable choices were made in hopes that, in the end, would add up to a LEED Certification. In order to understand the process of becoming LEED Certified, the new construction for the addition and the renovation for the School was put through the LEED Scorecard.

The next few pages outline a few of the decisions made and attempts to ensure that this building would in fact become LEED Certified with the possibility of Silver.

86

scorecarD Category

Description

Point(s) Possible REQUIRED 1 5 6

Point(s) Received REQUIRED 1 5 6

Sustainable Sites

SSp1 Construction activity pollution prevention

SSc4.2 Alternative transportation - bicycle storage and changing rooms

1

1

SSc4.3 Alternative transportation - low-emitting and fuel-efficient vehicles (OPTION 1)

3

3

SSc4.4 Alternative transportation - parking capacity (OPTION 3)

2 1 1 REQUIRED REQUIRED REQUIRED REQUIRED 19 REQUIRED 3 2 2 1 REQUIRED

2 1 1 REQUIRED REQUIRED REQUIRED REQUIRED 10-19 REQUIRED 2 2 2 1 REQUIRED

EQc4.3 Low-emitting materials - flooring system

REQUIRED 1 1 1

REQUIRED 1 1 1

EQc6.1 Controllability of systems - lighting

1

1

EQc6.2 Controllability of systems - thermal comfort

1

1

EQc7.1 Thermal comfort - design

1

1

EQc8.1 Daylight and views - daylight

1

1

EQc8.2 Daylight and views - views

1

1

110

45 - 54

SSc1 Site Selection SSc2 Development density and community connectivity (OPTION 2) SSc4.1 Alternative transportation - public transportation access (OPTION 2)

SSc5.1 Site redevelopment - protect or restore habitat SSc7.2 Heat island effect - roof (OPTION 2)

Water Efficiency Energy + Atmosphere

WEp1 Water use reduction EAp1 Fundamental commissioning of building energy systems EAp2 Minimum energy performance EAp3 Fundamental refrigerant Mgmt EAc1 Optimize energy performance

Materials + Resources

MRp1 Storage and collection of recyclables MRc2 Building reuse - maintain existing walls, floors, and roof MRc2 Construction water Mgmt MRc5 Regional Materials MRc7 Certified wood

Indoor Environmental Quality

EQp1 Minimum IAQ performance

EQp2 Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) control EQc4.1 Low-emitting materials - adhesives and sealants EQc4.2 Low-emitting materials - paints and coatings

TOTALS

87

sustainaBLe site SSc5.1 SITE DEVELOPMENT Protect + Restore Habitat SSc7.2 HEAT ISLAND Roof SSc4.2 ALTERNATIVE TRANSPORTATION Bicycle Storage + Changing Rooms

88

sustainaBLe site SSc2 DEVELOPMENT DENSITY + COMMUNITY CONNECTIVITY

89

sustainaBLe site SSc4.4 ALTERNATIVE TRANSPORTATION Parking Capacity SSc5.1 SITE DEVELOPMENT Protect + Restore Habitat

90

enerGY + atMosphere / inDoor enVironMentaL quaLitY EAc1 OPTIMIZE ENERGY PERFORMANCE EQc7.1 THERMAL COMFORT Design (Hydronic System) Addition - Radiant Floor/Chilled Beam Columbian School - Radiator/Fan Coil

91

BuDGet: neW construction + historic renoVation Since it can be assumed that this project would be funded through a non profit organization, much of the construction costs would need to be incurred by alternative sources. This means the budget should be as low as possible while still putting money into sustainable design decisions and generating a beautiful building that can be flexible while being functional.

92

cost anaLYsis PROGRAM SUMMARY SHEET HEALTH AND WELLNESS CENTER NEW CONSTRUCTION PUBLIC SPACES

NAME Cafeteria Lobby Computer Lab Classroom Multipurpose Room Smoking Room Connection

NUMBER 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

NET 711 911 675 675 538 82 2004

TOTAL NET 711 911 675 675 538 82 2004

Conference Room Staff Office Physical Therapy Center Examination Room Office (Physician/ Psychiatric/Nurse)

1 1 1

175 360 542

175 360 542

2 2

225 195

450 390

Kitchen Mechanical Public Toilets Outdoor Storage Bike Storage + Locker

1 1 2 1 1

268 675 175 55 406

268 675 350 55 406

COLUMBIAN SCHOOL RENOVATION TOTAL COST

BUDGET

CLINIC SPACES

BUDGET:

TOTAL BUDGET RANGE:

TOTAL NET 22,986 S.F. 80$/S.F. $1,838,880

TOTAL NET ADDITION 9,267 GROSS 10,886 sf 300$/sf New Construction TOTAL COST $3,464,600 TOTAL NET 9,267 GROSS 10,886 sf 250$/sf New Construction TOTAL BUDGET LEFT: $2,911,750 $3,464,600 + $1,838,880 = $5,303,480 $2,911,750 + $1,838,880 = $4,750630

SERVICE + SUPPORT

NUMBER 2 1 1 1 17 8 2 1 2 -

High Range + 20%(soft cost) = $6,364,176 Low Range + 20%(soft cost) = $5,700,756

PROGRAM SUMMARY SHEET COLUMBIAN SCHOOL RENOVATION NAME Lounge Main Office Fitness Center Computer Lab Apartment A Apartment B Reading Room Laundry Room Mechanical Corridor

BUDGET

NET S.F......

785 785 793 396.5 396.5 395 358 396.5 396.5 7635.5

TOTAL NET S.F. 1570 785 793 396.5 6740.5 3160 716 396.5 793 7635.5

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FeDeraL, state + LocaL FunDinG sources This building would be run by a non-profit and so there are many different types of funding options within government and local agencies for support of the project.

It is not possible at this point to know exactly how much funding would be available since no applications for the project have been turned in and no funding raising efforts have been made. However, the suggested amounts on the following page are based on the amounts the agencies will have to distribute in the coming year.

94

aGencY FinanciaL suMMarY FUNDING OPTIONS AGENCY

Description

AMOUNT AVAILABLE ($) 260,000

Region 6 Behavioral Healthcare

The purpose of Region 6 Behavioral Healthcare is to provide coordination, program planning, financial and contract management and evaluation of mental health and substance abuse services funded through a network of providers. High priority will be given to funding programs that address the following: strategies to promote self-sufficiency(case management, outreach, development of independent living skills, counseling services, basic skills instruction, high school completion) for persons who are homeless Expansion of operations, services, and programs that fill an identified gap in the regional/local Continuum of Care. This includes the acquisition ad rehabilitation of an existing building for emergency shelter and/or transitional program facility

Housing + Urban Development (HUD) Supportive Housing Program (SHP)

HUD’s Healthcare programs provide mortgage insurance on loans that finance the construction, renovation, acquisition, or refinancing of healthcare facilities such as hospitals and residential care facilities.

SHP promotes the development of supportive housing and supportive services, including innovative approaches to assist homeless persons in the transition from homelessness and to enable them to live as independently as possible.

400,000

Nebraska Affordable Housing Program

The Nebraska Department of Economic Development administers the Nebraska Affordable Housing Program. The NAHP provides grants to non profits, local governments and public housing authorities that can be used for a variety of purposes including: multifamily development, adaptive re-use, home-buyer assistance, and general operating to increase nonprofit organization’s capacity to develop affordable housing

24,000,000 over next 6 years ~50,000 /unit =1,250,000

Low Income Housing Tax Credits (CRANE)

The focus and primary purpose of the CRANE Program is to provide targeted resources to eligible applicants (communities, for profits and non-profits which have joined together) who are able to demonstrate that, through a public process, they have assessed the needs of their particular community with respect to economic development, housing development, community development, special needs populations (i.e., people with mental or physical disabilities) and have identified specific solutions to address those needs

1,320,000 potentially

Historic Tax Credits

The Federal Rehabilitation Investment Tax Credit provides a dollarfor-dollar reduction of federal tax liability for 20% of the costs of certified rehabilitation activities to certified historic structures.

Non-profit organizations can utilize this credit by forming a Limited Liability Company (LLC) that would operate the property for a minimum five-year period. The non-profit organization could maintain full control and ownership rights through the LLC. An investor that has federal tax liability would participate in the LLC and, in effect, purchase the tax credits from the non-profit organization. The tax credits are discounted by approximately 10% to attract an investor to the project

TBD

FUNDING POTENTIAL $3,230,000 - _____________?

or dollar for dollar?

Grants + Personal/Agency/ ______________________________________________________________ ??? ______________________________________________________________ Company Donation

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WorKs citeD American Institute of Architects. (2012). Future shack. Retrieved from http://futureshack.aiaseattle. org/node/63 David Baker Partners Architects. (2012). Db. Retrieved from http://www.dbarchitect.com/ Davis, S. (2004). Designing for the homeless. London, England: University of California Press.

Engdahl, M. (2012, March 18). Interview by H Engdahl [Audio Tape Recording]. Pre-thesis program.

Holst Architecture. (2012). Holst architecture. Retrieved from http://www.holstarc.com/ Koning Eizenberg. (2012). Koning eizenberg. Retrieved from http://www.kearch.com/ Kwok, A., & Grondzik, W. (2007). The green studio handbook. (pp. 335- 342). Burlington, MA: Elsevier Inc. McClellan, D. (2008). Casa feliz studios; first community housing. Case study; 2008 awards of excellence; affordable housing built responsibly, Retrieved from www.homedepotfoundation.org Meyer, L. United States Department of the Interior , National Park Service. (1990). National register of historic places registration form (D009: 0317-045). Retrieved from website: http://nebraskahistory.org/histpres/nebraska/douglas/DO09-Columbian-School.pdf

Murphy/Jahn. (2012). Murphy/jahn. Retrieved from http://www.murphyjahn.com/base.html Richter Greer, N. (1986). The search for shelter. Washington, D.C.: The American Institute of Architects.

U.S. Green Building Council. (2010). Case study kenyon house. LEED stories from practice, Retrieved from http://www.usgbc.org/ShowFile.aspx?DocumentID=8825 Urwiller, L. (2012, March 20). Interview by H Engdahl [Audio Tape Recording]. Pre-thesis program.

Wellington Quigley, R. (2012). Rob wellington quigley, faia architecture and planning. Retrieved from http://www.robquigley.com/main.html

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