Journal_Studio18_articulated_matter_Himali_Jajal_MSD

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

Himali Jajal / 1048659

The university of melbourne

Inflated Cont[ex]t : Project LUNA

_01_Metal

INTRODUCTION “What is a smart articulation of matter within architecture�, a question to seek an answer to throughout, in this expeimental design studio.

Our changing environment is led by shif

The architect’s ability to define, measure

ing social understandings of technology

and interpret this data can stimulate smart

and its prevalence within our world. Data,

solutions that digital design processes

computation and fabrication methods

alone cannot. Instead of being used purely

reach a level of complexity that enables the

as a method for production, digital fabrica-

cross-disciplinary medium that intertwines

tion technology can hold a larger stake in

global understandings in order to tackle

the design process that can be harnessed

wicked problems in an iterative manner.

to innovatively save material, create novel

_02_Plastic

Synopsis

geometry and design unique effects. design process due to its capacity to gen-

Exlab: A.M explores material through a chi-

erate data. Computation and digital fabr

tectural quality, encouraging the dissection

cation help create a methodology of design

of matter through an experimental process

that has redefined the role of the architect.

of prototyping and research.

_03_Concrete

Prototyping can be a valuable part of the

1

03 - Amalgmate_1_Immersive plastic

01

01 02 03 04 05

Material i_play ii_articulation

02

Machine i_play ii_articulation

03

_01_Metal

01 - Kit of Parts

Case study Material experiment Form finding (optimization) Details Fabrication

Technology

_02_Plastic

Kit of Parts_ 1

PAGE OF CONTENTS

i_play

2

02 - Shelter_Fluid Metal

04 - Amalgmate_2_Inflatble fabcrete

01

Design Concept

02 03 04 05 06

Site Specification Form finding The loop Fabrication process Matter Articulation

01 02 03 04 05

Case study Tests ( Fabric, Ribs, cement ratio and inflatable) Form finding (optimization) Experiment_i_Luna_Jr Final Project_Inflato con(tex)t_Project_Luna (Sr.)

_03_Concrete

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ii_articulation

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Kit of Parts_ 1

Kit of Parts_01 _01_Metal

Material Metal

_02_Plastic

To fathom what the material is, to express the articulation of material and to develope what a material can become, several research and tests have been implemented.

The use of metal in architecture has been considered as the most innovative advancement throughout history as metal allowed exploration into scales which has not been possible before and till now also, metal is one of the most imperative materials in architecture. Apart _03_Concrete

from its tensile strength and durability, metal has the potential to transform itself into an articulated matter.

Before articulation of the material, it is crucial to know the material typology, in which forms

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the material is available.

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Metal forms_

Metal can be classified into two categories: one that contains iron (Ferrous) and one that

Also, as metal is malleable it is available in sheet form and as metal is ductile it can be made

doesnt contain iron (non-ferrous).

into rods, wire forms as well.

_01_Metal

Kit of Parts_ 1

Metal Classification_

Metal

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Ferrous

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Non-ferrous

Steel

Aluminium

Stainless steel

Copper

Cast iron

Titanium

Tool and die steel

Tungsten

sheet

pipe

block

wire

rod

section

_03_Concrete

_02_Plastic

Metal

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Kit of Parts_ 1

Metal Technique_ Mallebility and ductility of the metal allows it to be strong and lightweight at the same time. _01_Metal

A minimum amount of metal has the ability to make a strong structure.

laser cutting

Laser cutting

Riveting

Bending

Stamping

Welding

Soldering

Folding

Melting

laser cutting

Sheet bending

Welding

Folding

Riveting

Stamping

Soldering

Melting

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_02_Plastic

Metal

Investigation

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Kit of Parts_ 1

01_Play_Deuterotypes An experimental method to know what the material is, its properties, strengths and weak-

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_03_Concrete

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

nesses.

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Kit of Parts_ 1

Play_01 _01_Metal

Metal 01_Bending_Rods Investigation

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_03_Concrete

_02_Plastic

Investigating upon how a rod can be transformed into a three-dimensional form by just the means of a process of bending. Bending in one direction allows only to generate a two-dimensional form however if the rod is bent in other angle a three-dimensional form is generated.

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Kit of Parts_ 1

01_Bending_Rods

Analysis The output model, showed an unexpected properties to it. The idea was to create a rigid body structure but the model showed some tensile movement as well because the rods were not connected through the use of welding. _01_Metal

Methodology The investigating idea behind it was to generate a form with the help of just the rods. Hence, the method of the entire process includes sketching, contemplating about what the material wants to become. Tools used for this process are metal rod bending machine and metal cutter.

_02_Plastic

Process_

Reflection Looking forward to an expected development in future which is based upon the investigating idea and the analysis, this proCutting rods through metal rods and pipe

Bending the rod through rod bender.

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cutter

_03_Concrete

cess can be further develpoed by deciding the control of the angles and by means of computational modelling the tensigrity Metal Rods

of the structure can be articulated.

Control of angles Two directional bending

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Three directional bending

FInal form

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Kit of Parts_

Play_02 _01_Metal

Metal 02_Bending and welding_Plates Investigation

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Investigating upon how a metal plates can be transformed into a three-dimensional form with the help of bending and welding.

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Kit of Parts_

02_Bending and Welding_Plates

Analysis The output model, showed an immense amount of strength to it. The welding makes the form stronger.

_01_Metal

Methodology The method of the entire process includes sketching, contemplating about what the material wants to become. Tools used for this process are metal rod bending machine and metal cutter and welding tool.

Process_ A rib for the curvilinear structure _02_Plastic

Strong base

Reflection The articulation of matter ( here metal) could have been more refined to enhance upon geometry and innovative Cutting metal plates through metal cutter

_03_Concrete

construction technique.

Metal plates

Bending metal plates through bending

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machine

Bended plate

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Connecting multiple bended plates through

Final form

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Kit of Parts_

Play_03 _01_Metal

Material 03_Bending and welding_Rodes Investigation

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_03_Concrete

_02_Plastic

The intent behind this was to create nod like junction in any direction which is not possible to create in any other material.

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Kit of Parts_

03_Bending & Welding_Rods

Process_

_01_Metal

Methodology The method of the entire process includes sketching, contemplating about what the material wants to become. Tools used for this process are metal rod bending machine, metal cutter and welding tool.

Analysis This kind of a joinary allows a further growth in any direction. Hence a skeleton for the doublly curved surface could be easily made with this technique.

Metal Rods

Cutting metal rods through metal cutter

Bending metal rods through bending ma-

_02_Plastic

chine

Reflection The technique used is not innovative. Probably a more innovative method to express the material in a more articulated

Bended rods

Connecting multiple bended rods through

_03_Concrete

manner.

Final form

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welding

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Kit of Parts_

Play_04 _01_Metal

Material 04_Interlocking_metal sheets Investigation

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_02_Plastic

Apart from rods and plates, investigating into metal sheets. Using laser cutter machine to crop out thoughtful parts from the sheet to curate it into a articulation.

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Kit of Parts_

04_Interlocking_Metal Sheets

Process_

_01_Metal

Methodology The investigating idea behind it was to generate a form with the help of Metal sheets and interlocking in itself. Tools used for this process is solely sheet laser cutter.

Analysis The output was the most interesting output of all. The interlocking of the sheets creates a strong articulation.

Reflection

Metal sheet

Thoughful design for laser cutting

laser cutter

Output of the laser cutted metal sheet

Interlocking

Interlocking

_02_Plastic

Exploration into different interlocking, subtraction into sheets can experimented. They can be used as a module and could

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_03_Concrete

be connected to each other through interlocking connection to create an interesting form.

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_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Kit of Parts_

Kit of Parts_

Kit of Parts_01 _01_Metal

Articulation_01 Metal

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_02_Plastic

Bases upon the experiment such as benind og rods and plates, welding and interlocking of sheets, bending of rods to create tensigrity and welding of plated to generate strength, were used to articulate metal

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_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Kit of Parts_

Thoughtful concept sketch for the fragment of a whole

Rule based design for the control Nos of bends /m = 2 Nod of Points contacting the ground = (if column 2, if surface(arch) 4)

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Angle b/w two consecutive arms = 120-90 Length b/w two consecutive arms= 40,50,60

L-system aggregation Leaning towards this design to for a innovative construction method of designing a small model which through the tensile strength expands.

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_01_Metal

Kit of Parts_ Metal rods and plates

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metal cutter

Rod and plate bending machine

Bent element

Joinary through welding

_03_Concrete

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_02_Plastic

Process_

Final output

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_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Kit of Parts_

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_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Kit of Parts_

Kit of Parts_

Kit of Parts_01 _01_Metal

Articulation_01_fragment Reflection

_02_Plastic

The tensgrity was only found in one part of the coulmn where the rods were not connected. When rods/plates are conencted through welding the junction becomes strong

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_03_Concrete

The tensgrity for a structure like column is not a smart articulation. Probably an arch or a double curved surface where tensigrity can play an important role is probably better articulation.

Hence, an innovative construction method could on become performative design when applied to a appropriate geometry.

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Kit of Parts_

Kit of Parts_02 _01_Metal

Machine Metal

_02_Plastic

The industrial tools have proven to be powerful weapon for a designers to transform their ideas into a reality. The machines allows for a innovative outcomes.

Rapid prototyping came into play with the introduction of machines. Heavily industrialization machines have been scaled down which provided a way for designers. Incorporation of machine requires innovative yet precise techinques. Nothinc should go wrong when applied _03_Concrete

to the machine. The goal is to use machines to bring control of the design.

The question what is a smart articulation of matter can be analysed through a new eyes of machine. Machine will bring a new perspective, manipulation, precision. processes of ad-

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dition, subtraction, bending, splicing and so on.

The machine given was rotary laser cutter which cuts pipe, tube like geometry given the computation design.

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Kit of Parts_

Machine_01_Deuterotypes _01_Metal

To fathom what the material is, to express the articulation of material and to develope what a material can become, a machining control has been put to curate new articulation of the

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_03_Concrete

_02_Plastic

matter.

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Kit of Parts_

Play_01_kit of parts_02 _01_Metal

Machine 01_Bending through larger cutouts Investigation

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_03_Concrete

_02_Plastic

Using rotary laser cuting machine to subtract material from the pipe to allow bending.

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01_Bending_larger cutouts

Analysis The output has a certain pleasing aestetics value. The bent is slick and clean. However, as we subtract the major amount of

Kit of Parts_

material from a particular part, it weakens the structure there. _01_Metal

Methodology Methodology for this process is to use digital design process to decide upon the larger cutouts and speculating the bending of the pipe.

_02_Plastic

Process_

Reflection Looking forward to an expected development in future, this method can be used where the curvature of the surface

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Decideing upon the subtration

Rotary laser cutter

Cutout thorugh rotary laser cutter

Single bent

Multiple bent

_03_Concrete

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is required but it is not taking a major load in that particular part.

Metal Pipes

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Kit of Parts_

Play_02_kit of parts_02 _01_Metal

Machine 02_Bending through smaller multiple cutouts Investigation

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_03_Concrete

_02_Plastic

Using rotary laser cutting machine to subtract multiple smaller cutouts to for a controlled bending.

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Kit of Parts_

02_Bending through smaller multiple cutouts _01_Metal

Methodology Methodology for this process is to use digital design process to decide upon the smaller multiple cutouts and also rather then having cutouts in one direction, multiple angles cutouts have been experimented

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Metal Pipes

Decideing upon the subtration

_03_Concrete

_02_Plastic

Process_

Rotary laser cutter

Analysis The output is not as expected always. This method of multiple cutouts requires a precision and a correct angle of choice.

If the cutouts are too densed the pipe will not bent and if its too much the pipe will show defects.

Reflection However, comparing to the previous method the bending if controlled can become stronger. As the subtractive material is Angled cutout

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Distancd vutouts

cutouts

comparatively less it is stronger bent.

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54 55 _03_Concrete

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_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Kit of Parts_

56 57 _03_Concrete

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_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Kit of Parts_

Kit of Parts_

Play_03_kit of parts_02 _01_Metal

Machine 03_Interlocking Investigation

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_03_Concrete

_02_Plastic

Using rotary laser cutting machine to meticulately design the subtraction in such a manner that they create an interlocking system with each other as shown in the physical model photographs.

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Kit of Parts_

03_Interlocking _01_Metal

Methodology The investigating idea behind it was to generate a form with the help of just the rods. Hence, the method of the entire process includes sketching, contemplating about what the material wants to become. Tools used for this process are metal rod bending machine and metal cutter.

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Metal Pipes

Decideing upon the subtration

_03_Concrete

_02_Plastic

Process_

Rotary laser cutter

Analysis The output model, showed an unexpected properties to it. The idea was to create an interlocking system. But the connections are lose.

Reflection Looking through the analysis, the problem that occured is that the subtraction needs to be an exact amount and as the metal is finer material there is no friction to hold onto.

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Kit of Parts_

Play_04_kit of parts_02 _01_Metal

Machine 03_cuts Investigation

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_03_Concrete

_02_Plastic

Using rotary laser cutting machine to make cuts into the pipe to create a form.

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Kit of Parts_

04_Cuts _01_Metal

Methodology The investigating idea behind it was to make cuts into the pipe which allow bending of each component resulting into a geometry.

Metal Pipes

Decideing upon the subtration

_03_Concrete

_02_Plastic

Process_

Rotary laser cutter

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Analysis The output model, showed an interesting output, however the question rises that how this method can be used in a 1:1 scale modelling.

Reflection The solution for it, to be used for 1:1 modelling would be to use it is as a module and making joinary system to connect all those modules to curate an articulation.

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Kit of Parts_

Kit of Parts_02 _01_Metal

Articulation_machine Metal

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_03_Concrete

_02_Plastic

Bases upon the experiments such as denser cutouts, wider cutouts, angled subtraction, interlocking and so on a new truss system is designed using bent members as the truss membranes.

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_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Kit of Parts_

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_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Kit of Parts_

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_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Kit of Parts_

74 75 _03_Concrete

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_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Kit of Parts_

76 77 _03_Concrete

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_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Kit of Parts_

78 79 _03_Concrete

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_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Kit of Parts_

Kit of Parts_

Kit of Parts_02

_01_Metal

Articulation_01_Machine Reflection

_02_Plastic

It was an innovative way for us build such bending through the subtraction. This innovative way ws used to create a curved geometry.

However, rather than using this method on truss system, crating a doubally curved struc-

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_03_Concrete

ture would have justified the method.

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Kit of Parts_

Kit of Parts_03 _01_Metal

Technology Metal

_02_Plastic

Technology has provided vast opportunities for designers. It has broaden up a vision that can curate a design which was not thinkable before

The technology given to us is augmented reality. AR is a technology which amalgmates reality and virtuality. So the question rises that how AR can be used as an innovative technology to answer the question what is a smart articulation of matter. Is it the technology or

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_03_Concrete

the geometry or both.

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Kit of Parts_

Play_01_Deuterotypes_intial explorations Here are some of the initial experiments that can be explored to create geometry using the

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_03_Concrete

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Augmented Reality

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Kit of Parts_

Play_01_kit of parts_03 _01_Metal

Augmented Reality 01_base geometry Investigation

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_03_Concrete

_02_Plastic

Investigating upon designing a base geometry that can be used a skeleton structure for the skin. This kind of a geometry require accurate bending which can be achieved through the use of augmented reality.

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Kit of Parts_

Play_02_kit of parts_03 _01_Metal

Augmented Reality 02_base geometry + wire Investigation

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_03_Concrete

_02_Plastic

Investigating upon designing a base geometry and wired frame to construct through the use of AR.

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Kit of Parts_

Play_03_kit of parts_03 _01_Metal

Augmented Reality 03_Dome Investigation

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_03_Concrete

_02_Plastic

Using Rods and AR glasses to generate this kind of a dome structure.

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Kit of Parts_

Play_04_kit of parts_03 _01_Metal

Augmented Reality 04_L system Investigation

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_03_Concrete

_02_Plastic

Using Rods and AR glasses to create complex structure like which whould now have been possible without hololens technology that it provides.

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Kit of Parts_

Kit of Parts_03 _01_Metal

Articulation_Augmented reality Metal

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_03_Concrete

_02_Plastic

Bases upon the experiments, we decided upon the base form, which is fabricated with the help of HOLOLENS (VR technology) and the wire mesh is fabricated through the use of VR

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Kit of Parts_

Form generation

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_03_Concrete

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Here are some of the form generation to go forward through the VR technology

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_01_Metal

Kit of Parts_

_02_Plastic

Process_

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_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Kit of Parts_

_01_Metal

Kit of Parts_

Primary and secondary structure connected via soldering

_02_Plastic

49 mm

47m

m

25 mm

41 mm

25 mm

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_03_Concrete

Secondary mesh with varying u/v

Weld point 1

Metal rods bent and weld together

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Weld point 2

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_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Kit of Parts_

106 107 _03_Concrete

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_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Kit of Parts_

108 109 _03_Concrete

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_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Kit of Parts_

Kit of Parts_

Kit of Parts_03

_01_Metal

Articulation_01_Augmented reality Reflection

_02_Plastic

Through the process of fabrication we realised that hololens (Augmeneted reality is not accurate enough for the fabrication it has 10% error there)

Hence to rectify the situation, a loop construction method can be think upon, in which a digital design is fabricated in a part though AR, the model is 3d scanned and digital design

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_03_Concrete

is updated.

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Shelter

Introduction _01_Metal

Metal Shelter Investigation

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_03_Concrete

_02_Plastic

A shelter can be defined as a basic architectural structure that provides salvation from the local enviornment; a shelter can also be explaied as sense and/or feeling that surrounds the inhabitant. A shelter can exist in different solutions. Whether specific to site or site-less the shelter has one undeniable characteristic - its relationship to human scale.

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Shelter

Concept

Form

Our notion of shelter

_01_Metal

Post-Tensioned Structure

AR technology Novel geometry

Innovative Construction

Performative Design

_02_Plastic

Performative Design

Innovative Construction

_03_Concrete

Novel geometry

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Physical - computer loop

Reduce the error

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3D scanning

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Shelter

_01_Metal

Site investigation

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_03_Concrete

_02_Plastic

Choosing an abandoned site without a roof.

Applyig our articulation of design idea on it.

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Shelter

The surface

Metal rods at the end connected through

Site condition

_03_Concrete

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_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Form finding

Devision of the roof

cable wires in tension

Final form

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Shelter

Digital Design

Fabrication through AR

Updating digital design

Making

the

form

Updating digital design

keeping in mind the error

through tensioned ca-

again as the tensioned ca-

from AR (3D scanning)

ble

ble wire changes the form

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

The loop

Final form

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_03_Concrete

(3D scanning)

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Shelter

_01_Metal

Fragment

Corrugated sheet for cladding

_02_Plastic

Bolts 2 mm dia cable Cable weaved through holes drilled in Hollow circular section (Post tensioning)

Rod to cable connection detail

m

0m

Rod to structure connection detail

m

1400m

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Hollow Section with _03_Concrete

Hollow Section

Hollow circular section (12.7 mm) with 3D bending mm

950

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_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Shelter

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_01_Metal

Shelter

_03_Concrete

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_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Shelter

Sectional Perspective

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_03_Concrete

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_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Shelter

Fragment

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Shelter

_01_Metal

Shelter Reflection

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_02_Plastic

There are several issue with this method.

1. Form 2. Innovative construction method

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Shelter

_03_Concrete

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_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Reflection on form design

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Roof condition (shape) and division

Module design on the basis of cornor points and desired Acording to the cornor points of the double curved surheight.

face, the form made from metal rods is connected through cable wires in tension to keep the form in tension.

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Amalgamation: articulation 1.0

Amalgamation: articulation 1.0 _01_Metal

Material Plastic

_02_Plastic

To fathom what the material is, to express the articulation of material and to develop what a material can become, a new research needs to be developed

Using metal, through the kit of parts, it is imperative to understand the properties of plastic first. How it is different from metal. What are the positive aspects and negative aspects of the same.

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_03_Concrete

Hence, the first part is to go through the case studies.

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Amalgamation: articulation 1.0

_01_Metal

The merge Geometry

Ground Condition

_02_Plastic

Thermoforming

Material Thickness _03_Concrete

Panelization

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Connection ( Panel to Panel)

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Amalgamation: articulation 1.0

Shellstar pavillion

Findings

Shellstar is a lightweight temporary pavilion that maximizes its spatial performance while minimizing structure and material.

Form finding - form finding and structural analysis was done simultanously to finalize the form. And the panelization was done in terms of a panel bening a cluster however the panelization was not done equally throughout the surface area. Panelization stretches along the curve of the surface.

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_03_Concrete

_02_Plastic

Materials: Polypropylene corrugated plastic sheets and zip-ties.

_01_Metal

Case studies

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Amalgamation: articulation 1.0

Case studies Armadillo vault

Learnings - Form generating through catenary inflation and structural optimization to reduce the deflection points and Paneli-

Learnings - form finding is done through structural optimization

1| Armadillo Vault _01_Metal

Marc Fornes

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_03_Concrete

_02_Plastic

zation in terms of strips to reduce the amount of connection to be done hence reducing the assembaly time.

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Amalgamation: articulation 1.0

Material experimentation _01_Metal

Peeling Material experimentation was done through exploring the “peeling� language which enhances the thermoforming

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_03_Concrete

_02_Plastic

properties of plastic.

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Amalgamation: articulation 1.0

Design To find efficient structural expressions integral to the material qualities of our chosen plastic; HDPE. To create a form that is simple, fluid, and immersive which is also self-supporting.

Form Generation

_01_Metal

Intent

_02_Plastic

Structural optimization

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_03_Concrete

FEA analysis

Mesh Rationalization

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Amalgamation: articulation 1.0

Form finding _01_Metal

Intent

We started sketching out forms that aimed to achieve all of our design intentions as well as those defined by

148

We then had to translate these rough sketches into Rhino geometry, the smooth sweeping surfaces of the form were only possible with NURBS geometry.

Setting anchor points along base curves effects the whole design, including the viability of the designs final fabrication.

The spring length of the Kangaroo Physics componet determines the strength of the virtual force which is being applied to the model.

The Kanagroo component outputs points at mesh vertices of the final form, we took these points and translated them into mesh faces.

The final Kanagroo generated form extended past the ground plane in certain areas and was messy around the edges, we manually cleaned it up in

149

_03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

To find efficient structural expressions integral to the material qualities of our chosen plastic; HDPE. To create a form that is simple, fluid, and immersive which is also self-supporting.

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

01_ REFERENCE

150

02_ DEFINE 03_ MATERIAL

0 4 _ A N A LY S I S

05_ STRESS 06_ LOAD

151

_03_Concrete

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 1.0

Form analysis

Amalgamation: articulation 1.0

From the Karamba analysis of the model, we found that the mesh underwent minimal deflections (<0.2), and had minimal elastic energy.

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_03_Concrete

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

However, when we went to fabricate the model, because of several factors namely; the inaccuracy of the thermoformed bends, the model is under much greater stress, and many connection panels are not fully planar.

DEFORMATIONS

152

DISPLACEMENT

STRESS LINES

P R I N C I P L E

153

154

Vertices Stress lines Closest points model 1 model 2 _03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

Original

155 _02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 1.0

_03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 1.0

Ivy Unrolling

156 157

_03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 1.0

Unrolled form

158 159

_03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 1.0

Unrolled

160 161

_03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 1.0

Details

162 163

_03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 1.0

Footing detail

164 165

166 167 _03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 1.0

168 169 _03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 1.0

_03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 1.0

Footing detail

170 171

_03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 1.0

Fabrication sequence

172 173

174 175 _03_Concrete

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_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 1.0

176 177 _03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 1.0

178 179 _03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 1.0

Amalgamation: articulation 1.0

Amalgmation 1.0 _01_Metal

Plastic Reflection

_02_Plastic

Coming from metal it was altogether a different experience to work with plastic. Plastic is a lot more forgiving material and it is a easy to work with material

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_03_Concrete

However we could not finish the model because of several reasons.

1. Panelisation Penalizing the form into 150 component is a time consuming for fabrication.

2. Thickness of the material.

3. Joinary 4. Atmospheric condition

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Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0 _01_Metal

Material Inflato_Concrete

_02_Plastic

To fathom what the material is, to express the articulation of material and to develope what a material can become, a new material was exposed to us

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_03_Concrete

The by far research includes making inflatable and casting fabric+concrete on it.

However they have faced failure in the last experiment due to Form designing, curvature of the form, ground condition, material, cement ratio, ribbing experiment.

Hence before jumping into new design several experiments were done.

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_03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

Fabric

Concrete

Geometry

Inflatable

184 185

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

Casestudies

KOKAWA_ICE DOME

_01_Metal

_the

WORK FORM TIC A M EU PN

FABRIC FOR MW OR K GAP_precedents

CONCRETE CANVAS

LATORRE_ICEBLOCK DOME

LIUTI_AIRSHELL

_02_Plastic

FABCRETE

HADID_KNITCANDELA BINISHELL_CONCRETE DOMES

TRADITIO NAL FO RM W OR

KOKAWA_ICE SHELL

LATORRE_ICEBLOCK DOME

1985

pneumatic formwork

2010

LIUTI_AIRSHELL

2018

BINI_CONCRETE SHELL

CANDELA_LOS MANANTIALES

1958

EX-LAB:AM INFLATED FABCRETE

2019

1960s

concrete structures

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_03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

E RUCTUR L ST HEL S E ET CR N CO

K

FELIX CANDELA

CONCRETE CANVAS

2005

HADID_KNITCANDELA

2018

187

01.4_fabcrete

Thin FineHessian Hessian

Cement - 10 cups Water - 2.7 cups

Thick Hessian

Cement - 10 cups Water - 2.85 cups notes: did not absorb concrete efficiently, required more water to be added during massaging stage, did not absorb water whilst soaking

Dingo high Strength

Cement - 10 cups Water - 3.15 cups

Cement - 10 cups Water - 4.175 cups

Towel

Cotton

Cement - 10 cups Water - 4 cups notes: Mixture too watery due to excess water in towel

Cement - 10 cups Water - X cups

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

Pure Cement

Cement - 10 cups Water - 3.1 cups notes: too much excess mixture. Shows that it does not absorb mixture as efficiently

Cement - 5 cups Sand - 5 cups Water - 1.75 cups

Cement - 5 cups Sand - 5 cups Water - 2 cups

Cement - 5 cups Sand - 5 cups Water - 2 cups

Cement - 5 cups Sand - 5 cups Water - 1.825 cups

Cement - 3.3 cups Sand - 6.7 cups Water - 2 cups

Cement - 3.3 cups Sand - 6.7 cups Water - 2 cups

Cement - 3 cups Sand - 6.7 cups Water - 2 cups

Cement - 3.3 cups Sand - 6.7 cups Water - 2.2 cups

notes: mixture made to be more watery to prevent mixture from being too dry whilst massaging

notes: mixture was good but towel was too dry when massaging mixture resulting in too much absorption

notes: absorbs less mixture

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Cement - 10 cups Water - 2.7 cups

_02_Plastic

_need more consistent headings with presentation

_01_Metal

_concrete tests

189

_03_Concrete

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

Fabric + cement ratio test

190 191 _03_Concrete

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_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

192 193 _03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

194 195 _03_Concrete

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_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

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Studio 18 Articulated Matter

Base Layer 2

_03_Concrete

_02_Plastic

Additional Layer 4

15 00

0

90

12 00

_01_Metal

90 0

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

Material thickness test

600

Additional Layer 3

Base Layer 1

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Studio 18 Articulated Matter

Cotton

Builderâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Cement

198 _03_Concrete

_02_Plastic

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

60 60 60 60

_01_Metal

60 60 60 60

60

Hessian Layer 1

Hessian Layer 1

199

_01_Metal

_more inconsistent _harder to sew (thickness) _much heavier

_bind concrete to fabric and additional concrete to the structure _unexpectedly made mixture more workable and smooth finish

_02_Plastic

_Easier to work with (sewing) _Lighter _less inconsistent _achieves structural capacity

Cement - 33.3 cups Water - 13.3 cups

Bondcrete

pintucked

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

Cement - 20 cups Water - 6.3 cups

Cement - 12cups Water - 4.9 cups incl. Bondcrete

Cement - 14 cups Water - 6.1 cups

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_03_Concrete

_make mixture more workable (for a while)

Cement - 56.6 cups Water - 22.6 cups

plasticizer

layered

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

Cement - 34 cups Water - 10.71 cups

_eventually became lumpy

201

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_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

204 205 _03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

206 207 _03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

_airtightness _01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

Inflatable test

_bilge blower constant air supply _bilge blower constant air supply

_02_Plastic

_bilge blower constant air supply

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_constant air supply

_03_Concrete

_bilge blower constant air supply

_air input _air leak

_airtight

_air input

_air input _air leak

_air leak

_air input _air leak

_inflatable could not lift casted concrete structure _air input would go back out through the fan 208

_airtight structure meant enough pressure would build to lift the concrete structure 209

_glue does not stick to tarp _not airtight

Sika high strength epoxy repair _Recommended epoxy but only avaliable in small quantities (10-25ml) _1L tub, but specified as structural adhesive for concrete, masonry, polyester etc _Mainly used to repair holes

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

Inflatable test

_glue bonds with tarp

loctite super glue

_not airtight

_Chemically binding, for all plastics _ only available in 4ml tubes, too expensive _hard to ensure airtight

_can inflate

_02_Plastic

_cannot inflate

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_Thick layer: _glue sticks to plastic _airtight

_03_Concrete

_can lift concrete block

Protek PVC Cement _Recommended by the workshop (what they used for vacuum bags) _For high-pressure PVC U pipes, can take pressure from inflation+weight of concrete _cheap, comes with brush attachment to apply

_can inflate _can lift concrete block 210

211

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

_01_Metal

Form finding

Fabric draping

External Consultation

Compromised Form

_02_Plastic

Chosen Form

Structural analysis using Karamba

Structural optimization using octopus

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_03_Concrete

Form Finding Using Rhino

212

213

_03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

1. Form finding

Form Finding Using Rhino

214 215

_03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

Fabric draping

216 217 _02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

_03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter 218 _02_Plastic

Structural optimization using octopus and Karamba

219 _01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

_03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

Octopus optimization

220 221

_03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

Chosen Form

222 223 _02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

_03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

External Consultation

224 Compromised Form

225 _01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

_03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

Luna_Jr

226 _01_Metal

Experiment 1

Inflato_Concrete 1:4 experiment

227

228 229 _03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

230 231 _03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

232 233 _03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

234 235 _03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

236 237 _03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

238 239 _03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

240 241 _03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

242 243 _03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

Experiment 2 _01_Metal

Luna_Sr Infleted con(tex)t : Proejct Luna

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_03_Concrete

_02_Plastic

Final 1:1 project.

After successful result of the 1:4 project, we headed with 1:1 designing.

244

245

_03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

Projct Luna

246 247

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

TOP COVER STRIP EXTERIOR

Inflatable

TOP PATCH

_01_Metal

VERTICAL STRIP PATCH EXTERIOR

_02_Plastic

BASE STRIP PATCH EXTERIOR

MAIN INFLATABLE BODY

_03_Concrete

TOP COVER STRIP INTERIOR

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

VERTICAL STRIP PATCH INTERIOR

BASE

BASE STRIP PATCH BOTTOM

248

249

250 251 _03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

252 253 _03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

254 255 _03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

_03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

Projct Luna

256 257

_03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

Rib sewing lines

Offset for adding Ribs

258 _02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

Fabric

sewing margin

259

2000

_01_Metal

_Nesting and CNC milling

_02_Plastic

1200

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

00_Fabric Process

_03_Concrete

1200

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

2000

Tracing with CNC Milling machine to save time through a 3D printed attatchment to hold the sharpie 260

261

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

00

20 12

Pinning Parts of fabric along the sewing margin for sewing

Pinning Ribs along the rib lines for sewing

Sewing the Parts together, following the sewing margin

Machine set to a straight stitch for efficiency

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

Pinning and Cutting the CNC traced Fabric After double layering it

_03_Concrete

00

262

263

264 265 _03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

266 267 _03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

268 269 _03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

_03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

Detailing

270 271

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

2_Anchoring inflatable

_Screws _Metal L Brackets

_Excess plastic from the skirt is trimmed _Footing formwork

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

5_Removing formwork

_Footing formwork is removed

272

4_Fixing the footings

_02_Plastic

3_Positioning the footing

_Footing is tensioned and screwed into the footing formwork _Coated fabric footing is rolled up into the footing

6_removing platform for showcase

_03_Concrete

_section detail

1_Placing inflatable _Waterproof paint coat _Body of inflatable _Glue _Inflatable base _Platform

_01_Metal

Construction Process

_inflatable is removed _Platform is removed

273

_01_Metal

_assembly process

1

_cut slits

2

_apply glue

3

_spread glue evenly

4

_let glue harden

5

_connect and heat the area

6

_apply pressure with roller

_03_Concrete

_02_Plastic

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

Inflatable

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_connection process

274

275

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

_stage 2: inflated cont[ex]t _spread out fabric and inflatable

276

_anchor fabric to inflatable _insert air source into nozzle

9

_inflate the inflatable

ail det ing t o

_02_Plastic

8

_make new concrete mixture in cement mixer _pull on edges of footing to tension _drill in fabric into footing mould and roll up excess fabric _pour concrete mix on top of rolled up footings

_03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

10

_fo

_01_Metal

7

277

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

02_shell optimization _01_Metal

_packing

30

10

_packing 1.0

_packing 2.0

_final ribbing method _not rigid enough for upscaling _ribbings create pockets for packing

_initial packing idea _requires too much concrete _extreme thickness that is not needed for the scale

_compromise for packing _thickness achieved sufficient without using too much concrete _sufficient rigidness for the scale we need

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_03_Concrete

_pintuck

_02_Plastic

30

278

279

_anchoring fabric to inflatable

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

_anchoring fabric to inflatable

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_03_Concrete

_02_Plastic

_utilizing webbing adjuster to tension the strap _for placement when massaging and tensioning of fabric _coat entire system with vaseline before casting for easy removal

280

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282 283 _03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

284 285 _03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

286 287 _03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

288 289 _03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

290 291 _03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

292 293 _03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

294 295 _03_Concrete

Studio 18 Articulated Matter

_02_Plastic

_01_Metal

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0

Reflection

_01_Metal

So what is a smart articulation of matter?!

The entire studio journey has been one roller-coaster ride.

Taking this studio to learn how to actually build things to crying over not to understand how to do it. The studio has come to an end.

I have used three different material throughout the semester! Metal, Plastic and concrete

_02_Plastic

Metal being the most difficult one to work with but the strongest one Plastic the forgiving material but too forgiving and concrete is a material (Probably my favorite) because of the final project, going to be with me for the rest of my life.

Perhaps at the start of the semester I would have said that smart articulation of matter is geometry _03_Concrete

(because of my inclination towards geometry) But working with all of those material, learning new techniques and failing again and again Studio 18 Articulated Matter

I can say that a smart articulation of a matter is to understand the matter. what the matter is and what it want to be.

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Studio 18 Articulated Matter

Amalgamation: articulation 2.0