3.8 Practices to improve efficiency

3.8PRACTICESTO IMPROVE EFFICIENCY

A. USE ARM HORIZONTALLY

Operate the bucket at shallow depths and use the arm horizontally to fill the bucket. Setting the bucket too deep will decrease the machine’s efficiency.

B. OPERATE BOOM SMOOTHLY

Always begin and end boom operation slowly with smooth, careful movement of the control lever. Do not perform sudden starts and stops of the boom as this creates unnecessary stress on the machine and its components.

C. BUCKET TEETH DIRECTION

Always point bucket teeth in the direction the machine will be digging to reduce digging resistance and the possibility of bucket teeth damage.

USE ARM HORIZONTALLY AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE

OPERATE BOOOM SMOOTHLY DURING ALL BOOM OPERATIONS

ALWAYS POINT BUCKET TEETH IN DIRECTION OF DIGGING

MAXIMUM DIGGING FORCE IS OBTAINED WITH BOOM AND ARM AT 90°~110° EACH OTHER

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D. MAXIMUM DIGGING FORCE POSITION

The attachment will provide maximum digging force when the arm and boom are at 90°~110° of each other.

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90°~ 110°

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E. CLEANING SAND & SOIL FROM BUCKET

Operate arm to a near level position and bring the bucket to a dumping position. If sand and soil do not fall out, move the bucket lever right and left a few times.

CAUTION

Avoid shaking out soil using shocks at the end of the bucket cylinder stroke.

OPERATE BUCKET IN & OUT WITH ARM OUT TO DISLODGE MATERIAL FROM BUCKET

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F. STOP SWING MOTION EARLY

Tostop slewing action, release the swing lever before you get to your final point of digging or dumping.

G. BACK FILLING & LEVELING

For back filling and leveling work after digging, move the bucket back and forth horizontally.

NOTE: Do not push or pull material with the bucket like a bulldozer when using the machine to level material.

1. In leveling ground toward machine, pull the arm gently, lift the boom a little and when the arm has passed the vertical point, lower the boom gently and manipulate the machine so the bucket moves horizontally. 2. For leveling ground away from machine, reverse operation in step 1 above. 3. ln the above operation, bucket motion may be used together with the boom. By controlling the action of the boom work lever, you can dig a slope- like, slope facing operation. 4. Never travel with attachment touching the ground. Severe structural damage could occur.

RELEASE SWING BEFORE REACHING DESIRED DIGGING POSITION

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USE ARM TO MOVE BUCKET HORIZONTALLY FOR LEVELING

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H. OPERATING THE SHOVEL

Digging with the shovel differs slightly from digging with backhoe.

1. Using the arm cylinder, scrape the ground. 2. Scrape the ground at 2 ~ 3° to improve draining in areas near the groundwater level. 3. Be careful not to bump the reversed bucket into the cab. 4. The excavating power during shovel operations is less than that during backhoe operations. 5. If machine bucket is equipped with a lifting eye,check to make sure that the eye will clear arm with bucket cylinder in full extended (full dump) position.

I. MACHINE OPERATION IN ADVERSE WEATHER CONDITIONS

1. Operation in Extreme Cold

a. Follow procedures to the section III

“STARTING & STOPPING MACHINE

ENGINE WITH TEMPERATURE BELOW 0°C (32°F)” as starting engine may be difficult due to extremely cold temperatures. b. Use an engine oil, hydraulic oil and diesel fuel designed for use in cold climates. See maintenance section, for reference. Also, keep battery fully charged. c. Make certain to perform machine warm-up procedures as described to the section III

“MACHINE WARM-UP” to prevent premature wear or damage to pumps, motors and other components.

NOTE: In extremely frigid climates, covering the radiator is a method to aid the machine warm-up. If necessary to maintain operating temperatures, cover the outer edges of the radiator, leaving an opening in the center part of the cover - thus avoiding fan overloading. Keep a close watch on the gauge cluster for warning icons during operation. It may be necessary to use a coolant heater, fuel heater, engine heater jacket, and/or additional battery power to aid engine starting. d. Make certain that the engine coolant mixture is sufficient to keep the machine safe. Take into consideration wind chill factors when mixing coolant ratios.

NOTE:

Mix coolant to a protection temperature of 5˚C (9˚F) lower than the machine will experience during operation, storage or transport.

GRADE AT 2~3’ SLOPE FOR DRAINAGE

EYE

2°~ 3°

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e. Keep battery terminals free of ice and snow.

Ice and snow could cause the terminals to short circuit and cause extensive damage to the machine systems. Check the battery electrolyte (acid) level frequently and fill as necessary with distilled water. If the machine will be left outside overnight, it is recommended to remove the batteries and store in a warm area.

2. Operation in Extreme Heat

a. Use an engine oil, hydraulic oil and fuel oil designed for use in hot climates. See maintenance section, for reference. Also, keep battery fully charged. b. Clean radiator, oil cooler and debris screen often to prevent damage or overheating of the machine.

CAUTION

Do not allow dirt and debris to accumulate in the radiator fins, oil cooler fins or debris screen.

c. Keep all belts properly tensioned. d. Make certain that the engine coolant mixture is sufficient to keep the machine safe. e. If the machine becomes overheated, idle the machine to help cool the engine, turn engine

“OFF” and check coolant level. After filling to proper level the machine continues to over heat, stop engine, allow to cool, drain and flush entire cooling system and refill with the proper mixture of fresh, clean coolant. f. Check the battery electrolyte (acid) level frequently and fill as necessary with distilled water. g. Keep a close watch on the gauge cluster for warning icons during operation. Avoid unnecessary low speed running of the engine during operation. During slow, or no workperiods, place throttle (accel) dial in

“LO” idle position.

3.Operation in High Altitudes

a. Due to low atmospheric pressure at high altitudes, a decrease in engine power will be experienced. Be aware of this fact when placing machine under heavy load in high altitude climates. b. Keep close watch on the engine temperature gauge to avoid overheating of the engine.

4.Operation in Sandy and Dusty Areas

a. Check the engine air cleaner elements frequently in sandy or dusty conditions. b. When air cleaner restriction lamp is lit, change filters immediately regardless of time intervals. c. Service fuel filter, water separator, and all hydraulic filters frequently.

5.Operation at Seashore or Salty Climate

a. Thoroughly wash machine daily to help avoid corrosion of machined areas, electrical components and cylinder rods. b. Frequently check all mounting hardware for proper tightness. Torque to proper value to aid in preventing salt from entering the machine systems.

6. Operation in Humid Climate

a. In climates with high humidity, thoroughly wash the machine daily and coat all bare surfaces with an oil based lubricant to help prevent corrosion.