GIHR Herstory January 2023

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Published online monthly since 2016

1823-2023.

Bicentennial of the Demerara slave rebellion

Happy Chinese New Year

Table of Contents

Acknowledgements

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1823-2023.

Editors of GIHR Herstory

Managing Editor Hazel Woolford

Archives Editor Nadia Gamel-Carter

Fashion Editor Natasha Azeez

History Education Editor Ann Thompson

Arts and Culture Editor Cleon Cadogan

African Affairs Editor Inomusa Ndlovu

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Prime Minister and Mrs. Mark Phillips join in the celebration of the Chinese New Year

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Chinese Spring Festival Greetings in the New Year of the Rabbit

January 22, 2023

Guo Haiyan, Chinese Ambassador to Guyana

Today marks the Chinese Spring Festival in the Year of the Rabbit. On behalf of the Chinese Embassy, I’d like to take this opportunity to extend our warmest greetings and wishes to all Chinese compatriots and Guyanese friends.

Spring Festival, the Chinese Lunar New Year, is the most important traditional festival in China, with a history of more than 4000 years. The Spring Festival culture is an important part of Chinese culture. The year 2023 is the Year of the Rabbit, a beloved animal ranking fourth in the Chinese zodiac. It is a common species but with rich cultural connotations.

In terms of appearance, the rabbit is meek, cute, innocent, and lively, which means that the new year would be peaceful and auspicious. In terms of skills, the rabbit is good at jumping, which means overcoming difficulties and surpassing oneself. In ancient Chinese legends, there is a rabbit on the moon, which is pounding herbal medicine into a magical elixir with its mortar and pestle, so the rabbit also signifies health and longevity.

Spring Festival is no stranger to Guyanese friends. Since last Christmas, some of my Guyanese friends have frequently talked about Spring Festival, especially the Chinese New Year’s Eve traditions. This year marks the 170th anniversary of the Chinese Arrival in Guyana. The Chinese community has integrated deeply into the local society, and together they have contributed to Guyana’s national independence and development. And the Chinese culture, represented by Spring Festival activities, has been integrated into Guyanese multiculture as well.

Recently, the Chinese community held the Guyana 2023 Chinese Spring Festival Temple Fair in National Park, Georgetown, where more than 2000 friends from all walks of life, including Hon Prime Minister, Brigadier (Ret’d) Mark Phillips, joined the celebrations. Many Guyanese friends, dressed in Chinese costumes and holding folding fans, gathered to witness various displays of Chinese culture including food, song, lion and dragon dances and fireworks show.

Spring Festival is a time for family reunion. No matter how busy they are and where they are, Chinese people would try their best to get home and have dinner with their families on the New Year’s Eve. Children wish their elders good health, and the elders give red envelopes to them. Everybody says “Happy New Year” to relatives, neighbours, and friends, and even to strangers they meet on the road. The Chinese people value family, respect traditions, and cherish harmony. We share the same values as our Guyanese friends.

Spring Festival is the time to celebrate the harvest. In 2022, China successfully convened the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC). An ambitious blueprint has been drawn for building a modern socialist country in all respects and advancing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation on all fronts through a Chinese path to modernisation.

China has coordinated the COVID-19 response and socio-economic development, and its GDP grew 3% to a record high of about 18 trillion USD in 2022. In addition, the Beijing Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games concluded with a resounding success. Shenzhou-13, Shenzhou-14 and Shenzhou-15 soared into

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space. China’s space station was fully completed, and the third aircraft carrier Fujian was launched. C919, China’s first large passenger aircraft, was delivered.

Last year, Guyana’s economy grew by a whopping 62.3%, making it the fastest-growing economy in the world, and Guyana has made significant progress in economic and social transformation. We are sincerely pleased with both countries’ achievements in the past year.

In 2022, China and Guyana jointly celebrated the 50th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations too. President Xi Jinping and President Ali exchanged letters of congratulation. The Chinese Embassy hosted a celebratory reception, a Chinese film festival, and many other events. The Guyanese side issued commemorative stamps, and coins, and made a special Rum. There have been new developments in bilateral relations and cooperation in various fields has been further strengthened. Spring Festival is a time to look forward to the future. Guyana just unveiled its 2023 Budget under the theme, “Improving Lives today, Building Prosperity for Tomorrow.” Our Guyanese friends are full of confidence and aspiration to strive for a better future. For China, 2023 will be the first year to fully implement the guiding principles of the 20th CPC National Congress and the start of a new journey to build a modern socialist country in all respects, as well as the 45th anniversary of reform and opening up and the 10th anniversary of Belt and Road initiative. As China enters a new phase of COVID response, its economic and social vitality will be further released. China will continue to be the “stabiliser” of world economic recovery and the “engine” of global growth and continue to provide new opportunities for the world with its new development.

I wish both China and Guyana enjoy peace and prosperity, our bilateral relations and cooperation step up to new levels, and you all have good health, happiness, and success in the new year!

The Guyana Institute of Historical Research is a partner of the Guyana Cultural Association of New York. Professor Dr. Aubrey Thompson, of Morgan State University is the GIHR representative. The Institute is also a partner of the IndoCaribbean Cultural Centre.

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Exclusive with Guyana president: Caribbean-China ties of blood & history

Chinese culture has integrated seamlessly with Caribbean culture in Guyana. Mohamed Irfaan Ali, president of Guyana, calls the Chinese a part of the country and its bloodline. Fun fact: Arthur Chung (1918 – 2008) was the first president of Guyana from 1970 to 1980. He was the first ethnic Chinese to be head of state in a non-Asian country. He was married to Doreen Chung 吴思群 (c. 1932 –2009).

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Chinese descendants in Guyana

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Doren Chung

Viola Burnham

Sandra Granger

Pauline Campbell-Sukhai

Anande Trotman

Marlene Kwok Crawford

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Marjorie Kirkpatrick

Amanda Richards

Melanie McTurk

Marilyn Trotz

Florine Dalgety

Janice Lowe Shinebourne

Michelle Ming

Frances Chan-A-Sue

Gem Hoahing

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PNC CHINESE ARRIVAL DAY MESSAGE 2023

Today marks a significant milestone in Guyana's history as we celebrate the 170th anniversary of the arrival of the first Chinese immigrants. These pioneering individuals came to Guyana in search of a better life and have since made invaluable contributions to the development and growth of our country. Their hard work and determination have been instrumental in shaping our economy, particularly in the areas of agriculture, commerce, and infrastructure development. Their entrepreneurial spirit has created jobs and opportunities for countless Guyanese, and their commitment to excellence has been an inspiration to us all.

The Chinese community in Guyana has also made significant contributions to our culture, through the introduction of new foods, customs, and festivals, which have become an integral part of our national identity.

As we celebrate this historic milestone, the Parliamentary Opposition, APNU+AFC and PNCR wish to extend our warmest greetings and congratulations to our Chinese brothers and sisters. We take this opportunity to express our deep appreciation for their contributions to our country and to reaffirm our commitment to fostering a strong, inclusive, and harmonious society for all.

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On this 170th Arrival Day, we reaffirm our belief that together, as one nation, we can overcome any obstacle and build a better Guyana for all.

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Sandra Marie Granger (née Chan-A-Sue; born c. 1947) is a retired Guyanese academic and civil servant who was The First Lady of Guyana ����, as the wife of President David A. Granger Early Life Mrs. Sandra Granger was born in the Bourda neighborhood of Georgetown, British Guiana. Mrs. Granger’s father, born in Suriname ����, was of Chinese descent, while her Mrs. Granger’s mother was from The North-West District and of Amerindian ancestry. Mrs. Sandra Granger attended Sacred Heart Primary School and the St. Joseph High School. Mrs. Granger married her husband David A. Granger in 1970, and they subsequently had two daughters, namely Han and Afuwa.

Career

Mrs. Sandra Granger left the workforce after the their second child, having worked for periods as a travel Agent and later as a Scriptwriter and Traffic Manager for Radio Demerara. Once Mrs. Granger’s children were older, she began studying at The University Of Guyana ����. Mrs. Sandra Granger received two Bachelor of Arts degree, one in English Literature and one in Portuguese, and then attended The University of Pittsburgh on a Fulbright Scholarship, where she graduated with an M. A. in Brazilian Literature and a

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Sandra Marie Granger

graduate certificate in Latin American ���� Studies. After returning to her homeland, Mrs. Granger spent several years as a Lecturer in The University Of Guyana ����’s Department of Modern Languages, and served as Assistant Dean of The Faculty of Arts in 1989 Mrs Granger began working as a Reporter for The Secretariat Of The Caribbean Community, where one of her first tasks was to report on The Public Reaction to The Grand Anse Declaration. Mrs. Granger eventually became Executive Management Officer in The Office of The Secretary-General, retiring in 2008. First Lady: Mrs Granger’s husband, a Former Chief of The Guyana ���� Defense Force, was sworn in as President in May 2015. As The First Lady, Mrs. Granger areas of interest have included Women’s Rights, The Prevention of Sexual Violence, and The Welfare Of Children and The Elderly. The Stabroek News has described Mrs. Sandra Granger as a “Modern, Activist First Lady with an Official Office, A Public Policy agenda that is complementary to The Government, Regular Speaking Engagement, and A Strong Social Media Presence. In Mrs. Granger’s own words “The First Lady or not, I AM ALWAYS GOING TO BE THE WIFE OF A SOLDIER . Mrs. Sandra Granger believes that “Rights are Rights” and in order to build a cohesive society and country we as Guyanese must respect and value each other regardless of race, creed or religion.

[Source: Vanessa Victoriously- Bless]

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by Godfrey Chin

Chinese in Guyanese Sports – Yesteryear.

The cliche 'All work and no play, makes Jack a Dull Boy' certainly does not apply' to the Chinese Guyana Community. By WWII, 86 years after the first shipment of Chinese Indentured Labourers arrived [Jan 1853]

- They had entrenched themselves, as an integral part of the Colony - excelling in entreprises of Commerce and Trade [Yong Hing}- Education [JC Luck at Central High] - Medicine [Dr Hugh] and Law [Fung-a-Fat]

Their children, grandchildren and great-grands, were now ready to 'Come Out To Play" and also devote themselves to the other social, cultural aspects of life as available, in the Colony then.

By Aug 1948, when I started my Secondary Education at Central High, the Chinese Association, had been built on Brickdam, opposite St Stanislaus College, and from there, their Culture and Customs, would be preserved and promoted. Their Annual Chinese New Year Dinner was cosmopolitanly attended by all the local big-wigs - while their traditional Dragon Dance was a highlight, and a fascinating feature at Festivals, Royal and Dignitary Visits.

Notably absence, was their traditional flurry of fireworks and Firecrackers, and I always wondered, if this 'tabu' was a result of their phobia, after the disastrous fire on Lombard St fire, of 1913.

In 1950, at 13 years, I joined Chinese Sports Club at Thomas Lands - the incubator for Chinese Sports activities - to participate in Cricket - Third Class - Rajah and Frank plus two day Wight Cup. The only familar Chinese Sportsman, known to me then - was Rupert Tang-Choon - an Inter-Colonial all - rounder from Trinidad, who also played in the regular Goodwill Exchange Matches between the Chinese of Trinidad and Tobago vs British Guiana.

From initiation, I was too often reminded, of the oustanding past Chinese perform probably designed to inspire us newcomers - as if I would ever forget, the daily boasting achievements, of the 'Ol Timers'. The litany of good scores included P W Lee -138 [1937] C V Too-Chung 106 not out, E S Gillette 101 /W R Luck 127 [1939] J Ho-A-Shoo 148 - L Ching 103 not out [1949] - and George Fung-On 118 [1952]1952 was the last occasion of this rivalry, and in the 8 clashes, since 1929, the locals, had shared equal honors.

At Chinese, the star players, I sought to emulate at that time, included James Chin - Clement Choo-SeeNam - William Lieu - Trevor Lee - Billy Fung-a-fat. My National cricket hero, was Robert Christiani. But these nagging reminders, must have worked, as Chinese S. C. was promoted by 1960, to the newly formed Northcote Level, (which they won on many occasions) - and finally First Class Case Cup. Emerging from their fold, was Bud Lee, who could have been a West Indies Sobers, before Garfield came on the scene. Bud, was a prolific left-hand opener, who relished the fast stuff, like Roy Fredericks did - and centuries were effortless, from his 'blade' At UWI, Jamaica - When Bud Lee / Walter Chin / Arnold Gibbons, [The Guyanese Trio] finished batting, the Capt often declared, as the score was 300 odd for three - But Bud [and Walter] preferred to maintain their course for medical careers - and the West Indies, lost a promising potential batting great!

Another great Batsman - the Chinese, Vivian Richards, was Albert Choy whose method to chalk-up centuries, could be a lesson for the hesitant Sarwan, today. Add Gary Lee, with the style and skill of Robert Christiani, and Chinese Sports Club [later Cosmos] became as fearsome an opponent, as the Boxers in their Rebellion, in China[1900]. No wonder every week-end, hundreds of local cricket fans, thronged the Chinese Thomas Lands Pavilion, to see 'the yellow peril in white' - bat, bowl, and field.

Other outstanding Cricketers included Rudy Low - Milton Wong - Hilton Quan, Michael Chung, who in addition to Gary Lee, Bud Lee and Albert Choy, were called to National Trials. No Chinese ever made the National Cricket Team - but there was a Chinese Umpire at Bourda - Wing Gillette

Their consolation, however would be - sharing honors with the formidable East Indian cricket population - in the Annual Rahaman Cup - East Indians vs Chinese, which they won on too few occasions. Other outstanding cricket assets included. Tuni Low-a-Chee - Michael

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Akai - Jerry Man-son-Hing - Terry Solomon

- Richard Chung - Arthur Chang-Yen, Randolph Choo-See-Nam and Roddy Too-Chung. Should I mention myself?

Around 1958 Chinese extended the Club's pavilion - Thanks to CV Too-Chung, Kenneth Lam and O.K.Yhap - and the next 20 years, could truly be called the 'Golden Years of Chinese in Sports. Hockey was resusticated, and by 1960, they were unbeaten in local competition, winning the Hiram Walker Cup, Dare Shield and Seven-a-side event. These trophies, were almost permanent fixtures, in the Club's Trophy Case, except for the few occasions, arch-rivals GCC and GFC upset the steam-rollers. Past hockey stars included Ted Loquan, Walter Fung, Joe Chin and Henry Lee.

It was no surprise, that 5 of the members of that team- plus V.P. Chung and Billy Lee [GFC] were the nucleus of the Guyana Team that won the first Caribbean Quadrangular Hockey Championship in Trinidad, June, 1961.

Godfrey Chin in Goal - Walter Chin [Capt] and V P Chung - wing halves with Cha-Cha John Embleton, center half, forming a maginot line. The attack of the Brothers, Rollo and Gary Lee inside forwards - Gerald Wong, outside Left, with the nippy Eddie Caetano at center-forward and Norman Wight, right wing. This team was the equivalent of the USA Basketball Dream team of the 80's Olympics. Must record that Skip Roberts and Ian Leal were the backs, and the Team was unchanged for the 6 -Test series.

Raffie Knowles - popular Sports writer of the T'dad Guardian wrote 'On the smooth Queens Park Oval - it was clip, clip, clip, clip - from Caetano to Gary, over to brother Rollo - occasionally to Wight and Wong on the wings - nine times into the net - with possible, nineteen chances missed. Their razzle-dazzle play, almost embarrassed the scoreboard - as, at one time, it appeared that they would record the first ever double score figures in Caribbean hockey. From my goal circle, I distinctly heard the Chief groundsman bawling, for 'a nail and hammer'.

Jeffrey Lee, still at QC was the seventh Chinese in that Contingent. Sydney Wong, a Guyanese - brother of Gerald, was on the Jamaican team.

Walter Chin, temporarily on assignment in Jamaica, returned to Bourda in 1964 representing that Island. BG won the series - which included 6 Chinese - Godfrey Chin - Rollo and Gary Lee - V P Chung being the permanent fixtures with William Lieu and David Cho-Chu, joining their Chinese 'brothers'

Yet another Chinese, Roger Dyaljee joined the National Squad for Guyana to retain their Caribbean Title in Jamaica - 1965 - but lost I-nil to the All American Champions, Argentina. BG had earlier beaten Mexico, 1 nil, to qualify for the virtual final.

In the next 10 years 5 more Chinese rec'd National Colors to two Panam Games - Cali 1971 and Mexico 1975, and two International Tournaments, in Jamaica, 1973 and 1974. These included Dennis FungFrankie Chin - Trevor Chang -Jackie Chin, and Lindsay Lee.

In 1972 - Godfrey Chin- Gary Lee - nephew Lindsay Lee - Dennis Fung and Frankie Chin, paved the way for the Republic, to retain The Caribbean Hockey Title at GFC, under floodlights. When the National Eleven vs West Germany clashed at Bourda in 1970 - only Skip Roberts [Capt], Hardy Timmerman and Gary D'Ornellas, were non-Chinese - justifying the German Captain's query -'Are we playing Guyana or Chinatown? –

Cassian Mittleholzer and Maurice Pollard then, Hockey Sportcasters, were in a 'tizzie' that afternoonwith Chin, Chin, Chin, Chin, Lee, Lee, Lee, and Fung. To put a 'handle' to this Chinese Crossword, it would read, - starting in goal - Godfrey - Walter - Jackie - Frankie – Gary - Rollo – Lindsay. and Dennis, - and adding, to this Chinese 'fried-rice' - Billy Lee was Coach.

For the records, Guyana, scored first - ten minutes into play. The Bourda Crowd went wild, shouting and cheering, in eager anticipation - hopeful the new-born Republic - flying their spanking new 5-color Golden Arrowhead - can pull off the biggest upset in Sports History, -[since Jesse Owens at the 1936 Berlin Olympics] - by defeating the current 'Hockey World Champions. West Germany, equalised with a 'penalty flick' and thereafter, I got backache, stooping to retrieve the ball nine times, from the back of our net. The German team. had punched holes in the outdated Guyana line

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up of 1-2-3-5 - and by the Panam Games in Cali, the next year, Guyana adapted the innovative sweeper back defense, with the two strikers attack!

Yours Truly, Godfrey Chin from 1961 to 1976 - represented Guyana - 26 occasions - the President's XI - 19 times - two Panam Games - unbeaten for three Caribbean Champioships - let in 49 goals, while his teammates, up front scored 56. At no time in my career - as custodian were there less than four Chinese up front.

I do not in any way, consider myself an oustanding talented Athlete. My prowess was maxed purely because, I was very fortunate to play Games, with these resourceful dedicated 'Orientals', who used more 'brain than brawn’, on the ball field. I mention this, only to accentuate, the real impact Chinese, played in these Sports, in Guyana. I would not have reached that far in any other community or Club.

The Chinese had a tactical plan for every match, and all opponents. While hockey goals can only be scored from within the goal-circle - our supremacy was based on a 'Great Wall of China' strategy - Defend the goal-circle with life and limb!

Patty Fung-on [Capt] and Centre Half - Donna Tiam-Fook forward - Joy Lee and the sisters Merle and Sandra Choo-Wee-Nam, also led the Women's Hockey Team, to major Caribbean victories. The Chinese undoubtedly has flown the Guyana flag very high!

Facilities facilitate Sports achievement -and with the extension of their Club's Pavilion - their new Basketball Hard Court with lights, became a mecca for the hoop-game - which became popular locally, after the 1954 Harlem Globe Trotters film 'Go-man-Go'. A public hard-court was simultaneously built at Parade Ground - bringing Baskeball to the man-in-the-street. The Chinese called themselves, the Clowns and with Gary Lee, Roy Wong and James Chin-Pac-Hon, they more than held their own, against visiting Surinam and Trinidad, and the hot local squads, including the Panthers - Ravens – Police. They even had two Ladies Team - the Candies, and Clownettes, with Sarah Lou Carter playing.

Meanwhile, in the Club's pavilion Doreen Chow-wah, was mastering Table Tennis, to emerge a National Champion, and teaming up with Denise Osman, reigned Caribbean Doubles Champion, for quite a while. The nation's Table Tennis rose to Caribbean prominence, after the Republic of China, assigned their Coaches, to train the local Squads and introduce the devastating 'loop and pen-holder grip’. Christopher Chung-Wee, was also a national Male Champion. Upstairs in the renovated club - two Courts of Badminton, were set up - and while their low ceiling, was below specifications - south-paw Bud Lee, made the National Team with Laurie Lewis, and the Holder's clan. Candy Lee, Gary's neice - was also a National Star.

In 1975 - with a scarcity of badmington shuttlecocks, Madhu Welingkar encouraged the Chinese racquet wielders - to take up SQUASH - a game which they easily mastered, like' ducks to water'.

Bud Lee, Walter Chin and Godfrey Chin truly joined the National Squad to Trinidad, the next year, and Bud, became the first permanent Chinese fixture then, on the National Squash team.

As Manager of the Squad to the first Caribbean Squash Championship, in Nassau, Bahamas 1977, I undertook, together with the other Delegates, to introduce and supervise a Junior Squash Program on return Home!

I am proud that Guyana's Squash supremacy today - started with that initial Junior Squad, formed at a time in 1977, when the thought of 'schoolagers' at the aristocratic Georgetown Club, revulsed the adults. But Court Time, after school to 4:30 pm weekdays, and Saturday mornings was enough to launch a string of Guyanese and Caribbean Champions – which comprised many, from the Chinese Oligarchy that 'burideed' the game.

In 1977, I had to plead with Richard Lee's father Bud for Richard, to be a reserve on the Guyana Team to the First Caribbean Squash Games in Nassau, Bahamas. Richard's QC GCE Exam was imminent and Bud No 5 on the team agreed, on condition that Richard, roomed with me, and, I supervise, his son's study. Three fingers up, I pledged - 'On my scout's honor'. On the

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last day of the tour - Bud came to my room, to enquire if his son had been studying - My reply was an emphatic 'Saddam Yes!" He took Richard's study manual, and blew a dust storm from the cover - forcing everyone in the room to evacuate, sneezing and whooping like Lawrence of Arabia, had forgotten his veil!

I always believed 'the future of Sports is our youngsters and that exposure bears fruit!- Two years later in Jamaica - 1979 - Richard yet not 21 - nearly scalped the pants off Caribbean Squash Champion, Orville Haslam, in the Men's Final - leading 2-nil, and faltering, only from inexperience and anxiety!

A 16 year old Gary Chin, won the Junior Caribbean Title for Guyana on that tour. Richard Lee, later became Southern Caribbean Squash Champion.

The next year 1980, Richard Chin at ten, our first prodigy of the promising youths, snatched the under 14 Boy's title, at the first Junior Games in St Vincent - and went on to win bi-annually the under 16 and under 19 Caribbean Junior Games title. Diane Lee followed like a true 'Lee'- to win the local - and Southern Caribbean Titles. Combining the boys and girls, Guyana won it's First Junior Team Title. Our Junior Program was paying dividends! Bless the Kids!

Gary Chin, in 1981 then 18, defended successfully his Junior [Under 21] Caribbean Title at the Games in Barbados, and was Runner-up to Clive Lloyd as Guyana's Sportsman of the Year - a supreme first achievement, for Squash and the Chinese.

Guyana lost the overall Team Championship by 1 point to Jamaica - The Guyanese Lady Squad was strengthened by Luana Choo-See-Nam. The Chinese had certainly made a great contribution to Guyana Squash and shortly after the mudlanders, emerged over-all Caribbean Champions with Richard Chin - Max Weithers and Garfield Wiltshire spearheading the attack.

In 1986, I took Richard / Garfield Wiltshire and Roger Arjoon to Houston, Texas, to win the US Open Team Championship.

Richard Chin, continued to fly his Country's flag in the USA - sweeping titles at their Junior Level. He was a member of the Cornell Squash team 1987 - 1991 playing No1, and co-captained the team in his Senior year. In addition Richard was a four time All-American, earning first team honors in '88, '90, and '91second team honors 1989. He received the John Skillman Award in 1991 - and represented the USA at the bi-annual World Games [incl Panam Games] continuously since 1992. He was the US National Finalists 2000, and in Nov 2002, was inducted in the Cornell's Athletic Hall of Fame. On the other Racquet Court - Lawn Tennis - Derek Phang was Singles and Doubles Champion in the '50's and '60's, and together with Ian McDonald beat Trinidad and Jamaica 1957 - for the Brandon Trophysymbol of West Indies Tennis Supremacy. Ian McDonald, his Tennis Partner remembers Derek as 'one of the finest lawn tennis players, who ever played for Guyana.

In passing I must record that Ian McDonald also played Squash successfuly for Guyana. Ian and Edgar Readwin must be credited for initiating Squash in Guyana at the Georgetown Club. I can only presume squash, was an alternative to tennis - when rain washed out the Bourda Tennis Courts. Do you know Basketball was started by a YMCA Executive, for the same reason! Michael Tang also reached National Level in Tennis as did Joe Chin - an excellent doubles player.

I must thank Trevor Sue-a-Quan, Author of the definitive work 'Cane Reapers and the sequel Cane Ripples - which records efficently the 'History of Chinese Indentured Immigrants in Guyana, for apprising me of this next 'good news' Gem Cynthia Hoahing - daughter of New Amsterdam Merchant represented Great Britian at Wimbledon 1937-1938, before reaching the age of eighteen.

In Rifle Shooting Maurice Yong and Cyril were excellent sharp-shooters. I recall with pride one Chinese Footballer Vivian Lee - who played for BG vs Surinam and scored, Just remembered that Bud Leeimmediately after QC was the left-wing of the BGCC 1949 Football Champion Team!

The sole Chinese Track and Field athlete would be Leslie Chin, who hurdled for BG, in the late fifties. I will never forget the Olympiad at GCC - when Harrison Dillard, USA reached the hurdles tape, and strode to the Winner's Podium, before Ken Corsbie and Leslie Chin reached the finish, in that order.

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Chinese were never recognised as speedy gazelles. Their skill and success in ball games were due purely to their application - resolve - practice - practice - practice, and their common sense approach to Sport. For two decades 1955 to 1975, hundreds of Georgetowners - honed their athletic skills, every Sunday morning at their Thomas lands ground, under the supervision of experienced dedicated Sports enthusiasts. Were you one of them! I was - never missed a Sunday!

Elson and Errol Ten-Pow / Colin and Stanley Ming relished horse-power, and excelled in their respective class at the Dakota Motor racing - Other successful Chinese motor enthusiasts, included Keith CorsbieWilliam and Dennis Shim-ping - Patrick-Tong and Clive Ng-a-Keen

Must not forget our own Bruce Lee - Charles Woon-a-Tai, Martials Arts Black Belt - who reached also a World standard.

This recap of Chinese in Guyana Sports, would not be complete without my attempt, as is done in every other Sports field, to offer a MVP Recognition.

Without Prejudice, my choice of nomination for any Guyanese Chinese Sport Hall of Fame would be Irwin 'Bud' Lee - Gary Lee and Richard Chin. For the Chinese Ladies - Doreen Chow-Wah, Patti-Fung-On and Amanda Lee, a Champion Swimmer.

I just happened to be there - A Chinese Cook-shop Fly in all their efforts - and relished every moment in my Homeland on the 'ball-field! Chinese did have a VJ Day in Guyana Sports.........GODc.

A joyous and festive Lunar New Year and Spring Festival to all!

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Quotes of the First Lady of Guyana

1. The start of a new chapter for us and the start of a new story for our babies born today. Visiting mothers of newborns on occasions like new year, is much more than courtesy. It is a reminder that they are part of our extended Guyanese family and so we are with them on this journey of motherhood from the very first day. I express sincere appreciation to our hardworking healthcare professionals across the country, and to our sponsors for supporting these mothers.

2. Today I donated three computers and a quantity of exercise books to three orphanages: St. John’s Bosco Orphanage, Bless the Children’s Home, and Hope Children’s Centre.

A total of 88 children will benefit from this donation which was made possible by our corporate partner Cell Phone Shack.

Ensuring our children, particularly the most vulnerable, are provided with the tools which will enable them to have greater access to education and information will always be a priority of ours.

3. Welcoming home our very own Letitia Wright or, what many of us prefer to call her, the Black Panther. Incredible few minutes interacting with this humble daughter of the soil who is here to explore her motherland, share her experiences and create memories with us over the next few days.

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4. Letitia is an inspiration to every little child in Guyana with a dream. Her story inspires us to work hard and never quit on those dreams. We celebrate her, today and always. Welcome home, Black Panther.

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Famous

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Guyanese born actresses

Letitia Wright

“If I can do it, you can do it too.” Guyanese-born Letitia Wright says she feels happy and honored to be an inspiration to her fellow Guyanese

January 28, 2023 by Alex Javier Guyana-born actress Letitia Wright, widely known for her role in the Black Panther movie franchise, arrives in Guyana yesterday.

You know her as Princess Shuri in Marvel’s Black Panther 1 and 2, and have seen her in other box office success films, including Steven Spielberg’s sci-fi adventure Ready Player One. Letitia Wright is undeniably a Black actress on the rise.

At age seven, Letitia Wright experienced culture shock when her family migrated to Tottenham, London, from Guyana. Coming from a place with a strong sense of community, she shared in an interview with Caribbean Beat that living in England was a stark contrast to what she was accustomed to in Guyana. Minister of Tourism, Industry and Commerce, Oneidge Walrond welcomed the star on arrival at the Cheddi Jagan International Airport (CJIA).

In November last year, President Dr Irfaan Ali wrote a letter to Wright, congratulating her on her successful career and more so, her acclaimed role in the Black Panther movie and its sequel.

“The Government of Guyana would be honored to host you,” he said in a letter dated November 15. She repeated the role in Avengers: Infinity War (2018), Avengers: Endgame (2019), and the blockbuster Black Panther: Wakanda Forever, which is now showing in cinemas across the globe.

“If I can do it, you can do it too.” Guyanese-born Letitia Wright says she feels happy and honored to be an inspiration to her fellow Guyanese.

Letitia Michelle Wright was born on 31 October 1993 in Georgetown, Guyana. She has one brother, Ivan Bombokka.

1823-2023. Bicentennial of the Demerara slave rebellion

she attended Northumberland Park Community School while her brother relocated to Europe. In 2019, when she won the Bafta Rising Star Award, Leticia said during her acceptance speech, “I identify myself as a child of God and I can’t get up here without thanking God. A few years ago I saw myself in a deep state of depression and I literally wanted to quit acting. The only thing that pulled me out of it was God, my belief, my faith and my family…”

1823-2023. Bicentennial of the Demerara slave rebellion

1823-2023. Bicentennial of the Demerara slave rebellion

1823-2023. Bicentennial of the Demerara slave rebellion

History in Focus

1823-2023. Bicentennial of the Demerara slave rebellion

The Kents arrive – A smiling welcome for the Duke of Kent from Governor Sir Richard Luyt while the Duchess descends from the Royal aircraft, Sunday, May 22, 1966. The Duke, cousin of Queen Elizabeth, arrived in the country to formally present the constitutional instruments to formally end 152 years of colonial rule.

Sir Richard Edmonds Luyt GCMG KCVO DCM (8 November 1915 – 12 February 1994) was the colonial Governor of British Guiana in 1964–66.

[Source: Denise D’aguiar]

43% of Guyanese can’t afford healthy diet, 5% undernourished- FAO report

Jan 20, 2023 – Kaieteur News – Around five percent of Guyana’s population is undernourished and a further 43% cannot afford a healthy diet, the United Nations’ Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) has concluded in a new report released this week.

With Guyana’s population averaging around 800,000 the five percent of undernourished people works out to about 40,000. Titled “REGIONAL

OVERVIEW OF 2022: TOWARDS IMPROVING AFFORDABILITY OF HEALTHY

DIETS,” the report also concluded that in 2020, 42 percent of the population in the world could not afford a healthy diet, almost 3.1 billion people. Due to the higher cost of a healthy diet, this percentage in Latin America and the Caribbean was 22.5 percent, or 131 million people, an increase of 8 million from 2019. According to the report South America accounts for 57 percent of people unable to afford a healthy diet in Latin America and the Caribbean (74.2 million), followed by Mesoamerica (43.1 million) and the Caribbean (13.9 million). More than half of the Caribbean population (52 percent) cannot afford a healthy diet, followed by Mesoamerica (27.8 percent) and South America (18.4 percent).

Meanwhile, the FAO said its prevalence of undernourishment indicator is derived from country data on food supply, food consumption and energy needs, taking into consideration demographic characteristics such as age, sex, and levels of physical activity.

Designed to capture a state of energy deprivation lasting over a year, this indicator does not reflect shortlived effects of temporary crises or inadequate intake of essential nutrients, the FAO said. According to the FAO it strives continuously to improve the accuracy of the PoU estimates by taking into account new information, and the entire historical series is updated for each report.

The FAO said Undernourishment in Latin America and the Caribbean now sits between 7.5 and 9.7 percent. Considering the middle point, in 2021 hunger affected 8.6 percent of the region’s population, the highest since 2006. Hunger in the region had been growing steadily even before the COVID-19 pandemic. The prevalence of hunger increased by 22.5 percent in the world between 2015 and 2021 – 1.8 percentage points – while the prevalence rose in Latin America and the Caribbean by 48.3 percent in the same period – 2.8 percentage points. Since 2014, when it was at its lowest rate, hunger in Latin America and the Caribbean has been increasing at a faster pace, in particular between 2019 and 2021, getting closer to the world’s average. Undernourishment varies within each subregion and country. Most of the people affected by hunger in the Caribbean are in Haiti. In the period between 2019 and 2021, nearly half its population 47.2 percent) – around 5.4 million people– were undernourished. By comparison, the prevalence of undernourishment on the other end of the spectrum was around 7 percent in Dominica, the Dominican Republic, Jamaica, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, and Trinidad and Tobago.

In Mesoamerica, Nicaragua was the country with the highest prevalence of undernourishment (18.6 percent) in the 2019–2021 period, followed by Guatemala (16 percent), and Honduras 15.3 percent, which, amounts to almost 5 million hungry people in these three countries (1.2, 2.9, and 1.5, respectively). In Mexico, the largest country of the sub-region, the prevalence of undernourishment was 6.1 percent (7.8 million people).

In South America, the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela had the highest prevalence of undernourishment (22.9 percent), which in absolute numbers equals 6.5 million people, followed by Ecuador with 15.4 percent (2.7 million), and the Plurinational State of Bolivia with 13.9 percent (1.6 million).

1823-2023. Bicentennial of the Demerara slave rebellion

In Colombia, Paraguay, Peru, and Suriname the prevalence is over 8 percent. It is worth noting that Brazil has one of the lowest rates in the region (4.1 percent), but the highest number of undernourished people (8.6 million). A look at hunger trends in the region’s countries shows that hunger notably increased, by 18.4 percentage points, in the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, or 5 million more hungry people between the 2013–2015 and 2019–2021 periods. And in those periods hunger increased by 6.7 percentage points in Ecuador (1.3 million), by 4.6 percentage points in Haiti (900 thousand), and by 1.6 percentage points in Brazil (3.4 million more people).

The report states that in the Caribbean, despite the significant increase in the cost of a healthy diet, the number of people who could not afford it showed the smallest increase (less than 500 000 people). In Latin America and the Caribbean, the percentage of the population that cannot afford a healthy diet differs greatly between subregions as well as between countries Among the Caribbean countries, the vast majority of the population of Haiti (85.9 percent) cannot afford a healthy diet, and in Jamaica more than two-thirds of the population (66.2 percent) cannot afford it.

In the Dominican Republic and Saint Lucia, close to 20 percent of the population is unable to afford a healthy diet. In Mesoamerica, over half of Honduras’ population (51.3 percent) cannot afford a healthy diet, nor can more than a third of the people in Nicaragua and Belize (35.7 and 36.4 percent), and more than a quarter in Mexico (26.3 percent). In Panama and Costa Rica, less than 20 percent of the population cannot afford a healthy diet. Lastly, Suriname (58.8 percent) and Guyana (43 percent) are the two South American countries with the highest percentage of people that cannot afford a healthy diet. Almost a quarter of the population of the Plurinational State of Bolivia cannot afford a healthy diet, while in Brazil, Ecuador and Peru around 20 percent of the population cannot. In Chile and Uruguay, on the other hand, less than 4 percent of the population cannot afford a healthy diet.

Cost of a healthy diet

The report stated that for Latin America and the Caribbean specifically, healthy diets were found to be four times more expensive than an energy-sufficient diet. It said almost a quarter of the region’s population (22.5 percent) cannot afford a healthy diet. Lowering the cost of nutritious foods and improving access to healthy diets is critical to eradicating hunger, improving food security and reducing malnutrition in all its forms. Not doing so will impede the progress countries can make towards SDG 2, which seeks to eliminate hunger, achieve food security, improve nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture by 2030. Malnutrition is also linked to poverty and other development outcomes, and hampers the achievement of other SDGs.

1823-2023. Bicentennial of the Demerara slave rebellion

GUYANA: Fire destroys Christ Church Secondary School in Georgetown – second fire in 8 days, 502 students displaced

By Shervin Belgrave

The western end of the Christ Church Secondary School being burnt to the ground.

Jan 13, 2023– Kaieteur News – First time lucky, second time not, this is the story of the Christ Church Secondary School located on Middle and Camp Streets that was destroyed by a massive fire on Thursday afternoon.

It was only last Wednesday that “quick response and diligent work” by the Guyana Fire Service (GFS) reportedly saved the school from being burnt down but this week firefighters could not prevent it. Yesterday’s fire reportedly erupted close to 17:00 hrs. Eyewitnesses recalled seeing thick smoke emanating from the western end of the building. Some small explosions were reportedly heard before flames were seen.

When Kaieteur News arrived at the scene, firefighters were already there but the entire building was engulfed in flames. The blaze was so intense that onlookers scampered for cover to avoid the heat. Multiple explosions were heard as the burning wood continued to fall from the building.

Firefighters braved the heat and did their best to contain the fire but, but could not save the school. Up to press time last evening, firefighters were still on the scene containing the flames that remained.

Minister of Education, Priya Manickchand was present at the scene. She told Kaieteur News that the fire has displaced some 502 students who were attending classes there. “The loss of this school will see 502 children, 39 teachers not having a place to turn up to educate and be educated”, Manickchand said while adding “any school destroyed is really a sad fate for education generally, for those children in particular and their families”.

It is unclear at this time as to what might have ignited the massive blaze. However, eight days ago when the first fire erupted there, it was reported that it started in the school’s science laboratory. The school was closed to facilitate an investigation and was only reopened for classes last Monday.

The GFS has confirmed that the science lab fire last week was caused by a “chemical reaction combustion”. Kaieteur News understands that the highly flammable chemicals were removed from the building last week. “Everything [chemicals] was cleared from the building,” a source close to the investigation told this publication.

Investigators are now trying to determine the cause of Thursday’s fire which has displaced hundreds of students.

A Brief history of Christ Church Secondary School

Jan 13, 2023- Kaieteur News – Did you know in August 1964, Christ Church was a Primary School? Prior to August 1964, some schools had both Primary and Secondary Departments. Some of them were Christ Church Primary, St. Ambrose Anglican, Kingston Methodist and St. George’s Anglican Schools. In

1823-2023. Bicentennial of the Demerara slave rebellion

September 1964, the PPP Government of Guyana, in an effort to promote free secondary education, had its first experiment.

Christ Church Secondary School

In this experiment, the Secondary Departments of St. George’s Anglican Schools were merged with the Secondary Department of Christ Church Anglican, to form the presently known Christ Church Secondary School. This also meant that the Primary Department of Christ Church was dissolved, and the students of this Department were transferred to the Primary Departments of St. Ambrose, Kingston Methodist, and St. George’s Anglican Schools, based on their area of residence. Additionally, teachers from those aforementioned schools who were desirous of teaching at CCSS were given the opportunity to do so. Some were the late William (Billy) Braithwaite, Charles Daniels and Desmond Saul from St. Ambrose; Edwy Ross, Robert Bobb and Olive Killekenny from St. George’s; George Stewart, Ms. McKenzie and Phyllis Crawford from Christ Church Primary. These teachers began the journey with CCSS and were led by the then Principal, Basil Armstrong. In reflecting on CCSS’s history, few head-teachers who are important to mention are Mr. McDonald, Mr. Kendall (Shaft), Mr. Vieira, Ms. Mason, Mr. Stewart and Ms. Carr. (Extracted from the Christ Church Secondary School of Guyana, Alumni Association of New York, Inc.)

1823-2023. Bicentennial of the Demerara slave rebellion

General Secretary, Mrs. Dawn Hastings-Williams

Executive Members of the National Congress of Women (NCW) paid a courtesy call to the General Secretary, Mrs. Dawn Hastings-Williams.

Executive Members of the National Congress of Women (NCW) paid a courtesy call to the General Secretary, Mrs. Dawn Hastings-Williams, this morning (24th January) at her office at Congress Place and pledged their full support. She was presented with a bouquet of flowers by First Vice Chairperson of the NCW, Ms. Carol Smith-Joseph.

1823-2023.

Bicentennial of the Demerara slave rebellion

Health

The director of the George Washington University School of Medicine maintains that the brain of an elderly person is much more practical than is commonly believed. At this age, the interaction of the left and right hemispheres of the brain becomes harmonious, which expands our creative possibilities. That is why among people over the age of 60 you can find many personalities who have just started their creative activities.

Of course, the brain is no longer as fast as it was in youth. However, it gains in flexibility. Therefore, with age, we are more likely to make the right decisions and less exposed to negative emotions. The peak of human intellectual activity occurs around the age of 70, when the brain begins to work in full force.

Over time, the amount of myelin in the brain increases, a substance that facilitates the rapid passage of signals between neurons. Due to this, intellectual abilities increase by 300% compared to the average.

Also interesting is the fact that after 60 years a person can use 2 hemispheres at the same time. This allows you to solve much more complex problems.

Professor Monchi Uri, from the University of Montreal, believes that the elderly brain chooses the path that consumes less energy, eliminates the unnecessary and leaves only the right options to solve the problem. A study was conducted in which different age groups participated. The young people were very confused while passing the tests, while those over 60 years old made the right decisions.

Now, let's look at the characteristics of the brain between the ages of 60 and 80. They are really pink.

*CHARACTERISTICS OF THE BRAIN OF AN OLDER PERSON.*

*1.* The neurons of the brain do not die, as everyone around you says. The connections between them simply disappear if one does not engage in mental work.

*2.* Distraction and forgetfulness arise due to an overabundance of information. Therefore, you do not need to focus your whole life on unnecessary trifles.

*3.* From the age of 60, a person when making decisions does not use only one hemisphere of the brain, like young people, but both.

*4. Conclusion:* if a person leads a healthy lifestyle, is mobile, has viable physical activity and is fully mentally active, *intellectual abilities DO NOT decline with age, they simply GROW,* reaching a peak at the age of 80-90 years.

*HEALTHY TIPS:*

*1)* Don't be afraid of old age. *2)* Strive to develop intellectually. *3)* Learn new crafts, make music, learn to play musical instruments, paint pictures! Dance!

*4)* Take an interest in life, meet and communicate with friends, make plans for the future, travel as best you can.

*5)* Don't forget to go to shops, cafes, shows.

*6)* Don't shut up alone, it's destructive for anyone.

*7)* Be positive, always live with the thought: following: *_"all good things are still ahead of me!"_*

*SOURCE: _New England Journal of Medicine._*

1823-2023. Bicentennial of the Demerara slave rebellion

GIHR Call for papers and abstracts for the Sixteenth Conference

Theme: Race relations, cultures and, politics

‘Latent effect ’ (2021) by Keith Agard

Welcome reception

Date: 22 June 2023

Time: 6 pm.

Plenary sessions

Date: 23-24 June 2023

Time: 9am-5 pm daily.

Guyana Institute of Historical Research 2023 Virtual Conference

Theme: Race relations, cultures and, politics

Welcome reception

Date: 22 June 2023

Date: 23-24 June 2023

Time: 9am-5 pm daily

Abstracts and proposals will be accepted by 9 June 2023.

Hosted by the Guyana Institute of Historical Research

1823-2023. Bicentennial of the Demerara slave rebellion

The Guyana Institute of Historical Research is pleased to call for papers and abstracts for its 16th Annual Conference.

For the 2023 conference, the committee will consider proposals on all aspects of Race relations, cultures and, politics, especially encouraging submissions that reflect on this year’s theme; submissions that focus on other topics will also be entertained by the Committee. Submissions of pre-organized panels and roundtables are strongly encouraged.

During the TWO days Conference, each panel will have 3-4 presenters (each 2015 min., respectively), possibility of submission of a partial session with at least 2 presenters.

Panel, roundtable, and pictorial proposals will include the following information:

following criteria:

Proposal explains the topic, research questions, methodologies, and historiographic significance in ways that specialists and non-specialists alike can understand. (10 points)

Proposal presents new findings or revisions of long-held interpretations. (10 points) Panel proposals must include a panel title and 300-word abstract summarizing the theme of the panel; paper title and a 300-word abstract for each paper proposed; and a one-page professional curriculum vitae for each panelist (including the chair and commentator).

Roundtable proposals must include a roundtable title, a 300-word abstract summarizing the roundtable’s themes and points of discussion, and a one-page curriculum vitae for each participant (including the moderator, if any).

Individual paper proposals are also welcome and must include a paper title, 300-word abstract of the paper, and one-page vita with contact information and email address. If accepted, individual papers will be assigned by the program committee to an appropriate panel with a chair and commentator. Volunteers, who wish to serve as chairs and commentators should send a one-page curriculum vitae to one of the following persons: GIHR Conference specialist Syndrene Harris –syndrene.harris @uog.gy.com

Registrar Hazel Woolford –gihrinstitut@gmail.com

Proposals will be judged according to the Proposal addresses the conference theme. (5 points)

Participants may present one paper, serve on a roundtable, or provide panel comments. They may not fill more than one of these roles during the conference, with the following exception: Members who act as panel chairs may

1823-2023. Bicentennial of the Demerara slave rebellion

deliver a paper, serve on a roundtable, or offer comments in another session. You may invite persons through the print or social media to be members of your panel. Members who serve as both the chair and commentator of a single session may not present in another session. If members attach themselves to more than one proposal in violation of the above rules, then the first proposal that arrives will be considered by the program committee and any subsequent proposals that include that member will be rejected. All the correspondence, other than related to paper abstracts submission and acceptance, should be sent by e-mail for the Conference Organizing Committee, to the attention of the GIHR Conference specialist Syndrene Harrissyndrene.harris @uog.gy.com

The Organizing Committee would appreciate your familiarizing the members of your research/teaching unit, as well as all interested colleagues, with the present Announcement.

Tours

1823-2023. Bicentennial of the Demerara slave rebellion

Panels

1. Memorializing an event in history .

a. 1763 Berbice revolution.

b. 1823 Demerara rebellion.

c. 1853. The arrival of the Chinese in British Guiana.

d. 1913 Rose Hall labour protest.

e. 1953 The suspension of the Waddington constitution.

2. The Diasporas: Historical and Contemporary

a. Twice deceived.

b. Illegal immigration.

c. Little Guyana.

d. The Caribbean nationals and colonials and the British government.

e. Kamla Harris, Jamaica and Modi.

3. Africans and the human condition.

a. Contributions of Africans to the Founding of Civilizations

b. The trans-Saharan slave trade.

c. Slave trade, slavery and manumission in Africa, Europe and the Americas.

d. Africans, apartheid and South Africa.

e. Migrants and Expatriates

f. Africans in India.

g. Afro-Futurism

4. Christianity and Indian immigration

a. The Presbyterian church.

b. Berbice High School.

c. The Lutheran church.

d. Christian school teacher in the class room, practicing Hindu priest at home.

e. The plantation owner and the religion of labourers.

5. Gender, women, race and, identity

a. The feminization of the University.

b. Gender, women and, small business.

c. Gender based violence in the plantation society.

d. People trafficking.

6. Libraries, special collections, and historical bibliographies.

a. The Academic teaching library.

1823-2023. Bicentennial of the Demerara slave rebellion

7. Main trends in education

a. Education policy.

b. Teaching Caribbean history in a plural society.

c. Adult education and learning.

d. Future learning.

e. Politics and education.

f. Ethnic studies.

g. Caribbean studies.

h. Private schools

8. Business and ethnicity.

a. Plantation economy and businesses.

b. Portuguese and businesses.

c. Yesu Persaud.

d. The tea plantations and the Irish.

e. Industrialization.

f. History of the oil industry in Guyana.

g. Food and nutrition security.

h. Parallel economy.

i. Cash transfers .

j. Socio economic transformation in Guyana and the Caribbean.

k. Guyana National Cooperative Bank.

9. Politics, trade unions and, Indians.

a. Jung Bahadur Singh

b. Jainarine Singh

c. Mohammed Ayube Edun

d. Cheddi Jagan

e. J.P. Latchmansingh.

10.Architecture

a. Gender, women and prisons.

b. Architecture and school buildings in the developing world.

c. Architecture and the construction of hospitals.

d. The Georgetown Public Hospital.

11.Pandemics in the colonies

a. The medical history in the colonies

b. Cholera

c. Malaria

d. Yellow fever

1823-2023. Bicentennial of the Demerara slave rebellion

e. The influenza epidemic.

f. Ebola.

g. Covid

h. Monkey pox/small pox.

12.Culture and the Arts.

a. Indian art and artists

b. Doris Rogers

c. Phillip Moore

d. Monuments and public art.

e. Spirituality.

f. The writings of Walter Rodney.

g. The creole world of Guyana and the Caribbean.

h. The Guyana prize.

13.International Relations.

a. The world economic order.

b. Globalization.

c. Non Aligned Movement.

d. The Problem of Territorial Settlements.

e. The Commonwealth of nations and the former members of the British empire.

1823-2023. Bicentennial of the Demerara slave rebellion

REGISTRATION FORM.

Sixteenth Conference of the Guyana Institute of Historical Research

Dr. [] Mr. [ ] Mrs. [ ] Ms. [ ] Prof. [ ]

Name:

Address __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________

Telephone Number: (Home ) ____________________________(Office) ____________________________(Cell)

E-mail: ____________________________________

Organisation:___________ ____________________

Educator [ ] Post graduate student [ ] Researcher [] Administrator []

Please submit a copy of your conference presentation in the week of the conference, as well as a video presentation/power point for the conference secretariat to share. If unable to do so, please set up your presentation. Please fill out this form or a photocopy

Contact person: Ms. Syndrene Harris- syndrene.harris @uog.gy.com

Download, scan and return Registration form to gihrinstitut@gmail.com/gihrinstitute@yahoo.com

1823-2023. Bicentennial of the Demerara slave rebellion

1823-2023. Bicentennial of the Demerara slave rebellion

1823-2023. Bicentennial of the Demerara slave rebellion

You are invited to a Virtual lecture on the Haitian Revolution by Professor Dr. Nigel Westmaas, on Saturday 4 February 2023. The lecture will be streamed on the Guyana Institute of Historical Research Face book page.

1823-2023. Bicentennial of the Demerara slave rebellion