Speed
Component
Materials Co.,Ltd
Machining High
Steel
Jan,2018 Zhengzhou Halnn Superhard
High Speed Steel Materials
High speed steel ， also called HSS ， is a type tool steel with high hardness, high abrasive resistance and heat resistance, and is one of the hardest steel through heat treatment in ferrous metal materials, it is used for processing metal cutting tools, mold, rolls and typical parts, the hardness usually is HRC65~HRC68.
Since the birth of high-speed steel, it has played an important role in the development of modern industry . When high speed cutting HSS, even the temperature have arrived about 500 ℃ ， it also can keep high hardness, above HRC60. It is called red hardness, is the main characteristic of high speed steel.
From the materials, high speed steel include Tungsten (W), molybdenum (Mo), cobalt (Co), which palyed the most important rolses for the red hardness,and helped improve the high temperature abrasive resistance.
High-speed steel at high speed cutting, even at temperatures up to 500 , still maintain high hardness, HRC above 60. This performance is called red hardness, is the most important feature of high-speed steel.
From the material composition of high-speed steel, tungsten (W), molybdenum (Mo), cobalt (Co) is to improve the red hardness of the main contributor to enable it to withstand heat generated by tool and workpiece friction, but also improve high temperature wear Sex.
High-speed steel classification
High Speed Steel
High Speed Steel
Conventional High Speed Steel (Conv.HSS) Conventional High Speed Steel (Conv.HSS) Powder metallurgy high speed steel HSS-PM Powder metallurgy high speed steel HSS-PM Casting High Speed Steel HSS-CF Casting High Speed Steel HSS-CF
HSS Common
HSS
Common High Speed Steel
High Speed Steel
High-performance high-speed steel HSSE High-performance high-speed steel HSSE Low-alloy highspeed steel HSSL Low-alloy highspeed steel HSSL Cobalt high-speed steel Co≧4.5% Cobalt high-speed steel Co≧4.5% Aluminum highspeed steel Al=1% Aluminum highspeed steel Al=1% High vanadium high speed steel V>2.5% High vanadium high speed steel V>2.5%
High-speed steel grades Comparision China USA Janpan German W18Cr4V T1 SKH2 1.3355 W18Cr4VCo5 T4 SKH3 1.3255 W18Cr4V2Co8 T5 SKH4 1.3265 W12Cr4V5Co5 T15 SKH10 1.3202 W6Mo5Cr4V3Co8 M3 ： 2+Co SKH40 1.3244 W2Mo8Cr4V M1 SKH50 1.3327 W6Mo5Cr4V2 M2 SKH51 1.3343 W6Mo5Cr4V3 W6Mo6Cr4V2 M3 ： 1 SKH52 1.3350 CW6Mo5Cr4V3 M3 ： 2 SKH53 1.3344 W6Mo5Cr4V4 M4 SKH54 1.3351 W6Mo5Cr4V2Co5 M35 SKH55 1.3243 W6Mo5Cr4V2Co8 M36 SKH56 1.3294 W10Mo4Cr4V3Co10 M48 SKH57 1.3207 W2Mo9Cr4V2 M7 SKH58 1.3348 W2Mo9Cr4VCo8 M42 SKH59 1.3247
Typial component of HSS
Since high-speed steel appeared in 1903, it has been known for producing metal cutting tools, with the rapid development of science and technology, high-speed steel applications continue to expand.
Since the 1960s, Japan has succeeded in trying out high-speed steel as a mold centering on the automobile and bicycle industries. About 15% of high-speed steel are used for producing molds.
Other application:
In recently years, Semi-high speed steel are made as rolls materials, it has similar hardness, high abrasive resistance, red hardness, so both high speed steel and semi-high speed steel can be made as ideal materials.
High-speed steel roll made high-speed steel with high hardness, high red hardness, good wear resistance and hardenability as the working layer, and made forged steel, cast steel or ductile iron as the core material, which consist the high performance rolls.
Process Difficulties of HSS Materials
Machining HSS Type:
1. Blank Molding process: Forging, Rolling,Pull, Casting, Sintering
2. High-speed steel processing technology:
High-speed tool steel in the annealed state, hardness is not particularly high, the hardness of some grades of delivery status even will be similar with mediumcarbon steel (about HB300), so in the annealing state,turning, milling, planing process are all can be used, but once after quenching, the high hardness will be high, it only can use grinding process, what cutting tools can be used for machining high speed steel and tungsten carbide materials?
High speed steel, as cutting tool materials, HRC65 or higher, what cutting tools can we used for machining this type materials
Case 1 Machining high speed steel Materials ： Powder high-speed tool steel （ M2,M4,M5,M6 ） Hardness ： HRC65-HRC68
： Previous insert is international pcbn insert, the tool life is
microdeformation,
the processing of intermittent turning
heat treatment,
blade loss is extremely
Solutions ：
Powder high-speed tool steel with hardness HRC65~67
heat
insert which can
turning), it will
performance.
Process Difficulties
short when roughing, the reason is the inner wall of
resulting in
hit theinsert after Vacuum
the
large.
Machining
after
treatment with BN-H10 PCBN Insert(pcbn
bear interrupt
have excellent
Case 2 Machining high speed steel Materials ： High-speed tool steel Hardness ： HRC67-HRC68 Processing sequence ： Process Difficulties （ Next Page ）
Difficulties
．
．
Tool Structure:
Insert Materials:
Process
： a
Because of high cutting temperature, the current cbn insert will be easily damaged.(as right image) b
The tool life is short, finishing 0.02mm with speed 600 r/min, the roughness will become not as well as before, and need change the insert frequentlty. If change the speed to 1000r/min, the roughness perform well, the tool life will be lower. Tool Solutions: 1.
Because of HSS high hardness, and customers use customized tools, the insert damage easily, so we advise change to ISO Grooving Insert (as right image ); 2.
It need to choose the cbn materials with high abrasive resistance, heat resistance and high hardness cbn grade BNH05, which can meet all the requirements on the size, roughness, durability and the tool costs.
Case 3 Machining high speed steel Lathe ： OKUMA ： Materials ： High Speed Steel (Hardness: HRC65~65) Process Difficulties ： 1.Interrupt turning (as following image) 2.Dimension tolerance:0.005mm Migraine Interrupt Inner Interrupt Cylindrical intermittent
Case 3 Machining high speed steel Summary ： 1.Machining high hardness component, and have heavy interrupt turning condition, the cutting speed is not large. 2.If the size tolerance is less 0.01mm, normally it need coolant, BN-H10 and BN-H21 can meet the requirements. Materials:High wear-resistant powder high-speed steel,HRC65 Machining Site:Heavy Interrupt turning Cylindrical Selected Insert:BN-H21 CNGA120408 Cutting Condition:Fr=0.10mm/r,Vc=35~60m/min, ap=0.15mm,dry cutting Insert Materials Insert Life Failure Mode Halnn BN-H21 5 Normal Wear Other CBN ＜ 1 Broken Fragmentation Testing Result ： Other Brand PCBN broken Halnn CBN normal wear Further consider produce coating pcbn, and improve the cutting efficiency.
Processing Difficulties:
Case 4 Machining high speed steel
High-speed steel rolls
high-speed
cast
machining,
cutting the grooves, the cutting force is large, and exist interrupt turning condition, the insert will be easily chipping. Materials:High Speed Steel,HSD90 Selected Insert:BN-S20 RCMX120700 Cutting Condition:Fr=0.20mm/r,Vc=35m/min, dry cutting Insert Materials Insert Life Failure Mode Halnn BN-S20 25 Normal Wear Other CBN 12 Broken Fragmentation
are different from other
steel molds, they are mostly in the
state. In addition to high hardness and difficult
large allowances, especially in roughing process, it often shows rigid points such as ladle sand,ect. And when
Tungsten Carbide Rings
PCD Engraving tools PCD Notching tools
The hardness of Tungsten Carbide (WC) is HRA79-83, universal method is using diamond grinding wheel, some times, we will use PCD Notching tools. The image as follows:
CVD Engraving tools
Diamond Engraving Tool, can be used for engraving on the tungsten carbide blank, so also called Diamond lettering pen.
Structure ： Carbide Base (tool holder) +CVD diamond insert tip
Because CVD diamond is very close to the characteristics of natural diamond, it can be engraved on hard alloy plates and stones with higher hardness.
Application: Engraving diamond insert, common size,Ø6*40*70 and Ø9*40*70, we also offer customized service.
CBN Grade for machining HSS CBN Grade Suited Machining Materials Machining Type Recommend cutting condition BN-S10 High Speed Steel Roughing Interrupt cutting BN-S20 Hardened Steel,Heat-resistant wear-resistant steel, High Speed Steel Roughing, Semifinishing Interrupt cutting~continuous turning BN-H05 Hardened Steel, High Speed Steel Finishing continuous turning BN-H10 Hardened Steel, High Strength alloy Finishing continuous turning~semi-interrupt turning BN-H21 Hardened Steel, High Speed Steel Finishing semi-interrupt turning~heavy interrupt turning
The cutting condition of Halnn PCBN Insert machining Tungsten Carbide Component Materials Recommend Materials Cutting Condition Cutting Speed Feeds Cutting Depth Vc （ m/min ） Fr （ mm/r ） ap （ mm ） Tungsten Carbide Co < 16% CDW010, CDW025, CDW302 15-40 0.1-0.25 0.1-1.0 Co > 16% 10-30 0.03-0.1 0.05-0.3
Halnn Superhard, as the pioneer of superhard cutting tools in China, make national Superhard Materials Key Laboratory and Henan University of Science and technology as technical support, have our own research center, focus on cbn cutting tools and high grade diamond tools for machining brittle and hard materials, have obvious advantages on most industries, such as turning instead of grinding, high hardness materials machining, heavy turning, high speed machining, ect. At the same time, we have launched a series of new cbn/pcd cutting tools and other material tools in 3C, aerospace and Nuclear energy military field, depending on the research center of Henan Superhard Materials Institute. Our customers have covered many countries and areas, including China Mainland, German, Italy, USA, Korea and other areas.
If you have any problems on superhard cutting tools, please feel free to contact with us halnntools@gmail.com
About Halnn
Thanks! WhatsApp: +86-18637133872 Jan,2022 Zhengzhou Halnn Superhard Materials Co.,Ltd