Automated Ration Dispenser Using Embedded System

GRD Journals | Global Research and Development Journal for Engineering | International Conference on Innovations in Engineering and Technology (ICIET) - 2016 | July 2016

e-ISSN: 2455-5703

Automated Ration Dispenser using Embedded System 1R.

Sabarimani 2R. Ramkumar 3S. Raja 4Dr. A. Umarani 1,2,3 Student 4Professor 1,2,3,4 Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering 1,2,3,4 K.L.N. College of Engineering, Pottapalayam, Sivagangai 630 612, India Abstract Nowadays ration card is very important for every home and used for various field such as family members details, to get gas connection, it act as address proof for various purposes etc. All the people having a ration card to buy the various materials (sugar, rice, oil, kerosene, etc) from the ration shops. But in this system having two draw backs, first one is weight of the material may be inaccurate due to human mistakes and secondly, if not buy the materials at the end of the month, they will sale to others without any intimation to the government and customers. In this paper, proposed an Automatic Ration Materials Distribution Based on embedded technology instead of manual system. To get the materials in ration shops need to enter the ration card number, then system check the customer details and details of allotment in the card. Then customers need to enter the required materials by using keyboard. It is possible to send the details of distribution to the government. This system provides the safe, secure and accurate distribution of materials automatically.

Keyword- Ration Dispenser, Public Distribution System (PDS) __________________________________________________________________________________________________

I. INTRODUCTION Public Distribution System (PDS) is an Indian food security system. Established by the government of India under Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food, and Public Distribution and managed jointly with state governments in India, it distributes subsidized food and non-food items to India's poor. Major commodities distributed include staple food grains, such as wheat, rice, sugar, and kerosene, through a network of Public distribution shops, also known as Ration shops established in several states across the country. Food Corporation of India, a Government-owned corporation, procures and maintains the Public Distribution System.

The targeted PDS is costly and gives rise to much corruption in the process of extricating the poor from those who are less needy. Today, India has the largest stock of grain in the world besides China, the government spends Rs.750 billion ($13.6 billion) per year, almost 1 percent of GDP, yet 21% remain undernourished. Distribution of food grains to poor people throughout the country is managed by state governments. As of date there are about 4.99 lakh Fair Price Shops (FPS) across India. A public distribution shop also known as Fair Price Shop (FPS), part of India's Public Distribution System established by Government of India, is a kind of shop in India which is used to distribute rations at a subsidized price to the poor. As of date there are about 4.99 lakh Fair Price Shops (FPS) across India. Locally these are known as "ration shop" and chiefly sell wheat, rice, kerosene and sugar at a price lower than the market price. But it has so many limitations. Most of the ration shopkeepers keep fake ration cards with them. Due to the fake ration cards, the dealer receives the extra ration from higher authority and he sales it into the o pen market. The dealer may sales ration at higher rates to the public than recommended rates by Government or may do wrong entries in the register. In this way, in current situation we are facing problems of corruption in PDS. Now, we need arise to make the system automated so that human intervention and manual work avoided and create the transparency in system. In our project we propose the concept of replacing manual work in public distribution system by automated system Based on Embedded technology which will be installed at the ration shop. To get the materials in ration shops they need to enter the Ration card number to verify the customer details. After verification, it shows the distribution details. Then customer need to enter the required materials by using keyboard. After billing the controller dispenses materials automatically.

II. EXISTING METHOD Ration is the main area where the corruption and illegal smuggling of good taken place. This is because every job in the ration shop involves manual work and there is no specific hi-tech technology to automatic the job. The main concerns is the illegal entry in register in register of the shop about the amount of products given to the consumes. The second concern is the weight of the products that are given to the people. The quantities are inaccurate. Manual records will be maintained for the amount of products given to customers which can be cheated.

All rights reserved by www.grdjournals.com

491

Automated Ration Dispenser using Embedded System (GRDJE / CONFERENCE / ICIET - 2016 / 080)

III. LITERATURE SURVEY A.N. Madur, Sham Nayse in Automation in Rationing System using Arm 7 [1], proposed the system which is based on radio frequency identification of customer. Here each customer is provided with RFID cards. In this system, by using RFID and by entering the password we can access. First user is authenticated, and then system shows the balance of person. User have to enter the amount of Kg he want to withdraw. System checks his account. If the user will have sufficient balance to withdraw the current amount, system will open the valve. Through valve grain will come and it will get weighted by weight sensor. Once the count reached the entered amount controllers automatically shut down the valve and update the account of the customer. The updated account information is send to the customer’s mobile using GSM module. In this system the data base of customers can be made with their account details, password etc.

Rajesh C. Pingle, P. B. Borole in “Automatic Rationing for Public Distribution System (PDS) using RFID and GSM Module to Prevent Irregularities” [2] , proposed the automated system, where conventional ration card is replaced by smartcard in which all the details about users are provided including their AADHAR (social security) number which is used for user authentication. This prompted us to interface smart card reader (RFID Based) to the microcontroller (AT89C51) and PC via RS232 to develop such a system. Using such a system, Government would have all required control/monitoring over the transactions at ration shop. To involve government in the process we proposed connecting the system at ration shop to a central database (provided by government.) via GSM module (SIM900D) and RS232. Hence it is possible to prevent the corruption and irregularities at ration shop. This would bring the transparency in public distribution system and there will be a direct communication between people and Government through this.

S.Valarmathy, R.Ramani ”Automatic Ration Material Distributions Based on GSM and RFID Technology” [3] , proposed to use RFID and GSM technology based Ration cards by showing the RFID tag into the RFID reader. Then the controller checks the customer codes and details of amounts in the card. After verification, these systems show the amount details. The customer need to entered the required materials by using the keyboard, after receiving the materials controller send the information to government office and customer through GSM technology. In this system microcontroller is used for executing the process.

K.Balakarthik,” Cloud-Based Ration Card System using RFID and GSM Technology” [4], Presents an efficient method for the user to buy the products in the ration shop by just flashing the card at the RFID reader at the ration store. The user authentication is done by sending a random password text to the user mobile which has to be entered in a keypad. The purchase is validated by the employee only after the details are entered in a windows application which stores the user’s personal and purchase information. Here the user can check their purchase details in a dedicated website.

Dhanojmohan, Rathikarani, Gopukumar,”Automation in ration shop using PLC’’ [5], proposed a methodology for ration shop automation using embedded PLC. Further the updating to the government database about the stock available and the customer details were not carried out.

S.Sukhumar, K.Gopinathan proposed the “Automatic Rationing System Using Embedded System Technology” [6], in this the ration distribution system is automated by using PLC. This automated ration system replaces the conventional ration card system by smart card. The proposed ration shop system is connected to the government database via GSM modules, which further sends the up-to-date information to the government and the consumer.

Mahammad Shafi et.al. Suggested the “e–Ration Shop: An Automation Tool for Fair Price Shop under the Public Distribution System” [7], this paper discusses strategy adapted in using ICT to control diversion and leakage in the delivery mechanism and its successful application in computerization of food grain supply chain.

IV. PROPOSED SOFTWARE A. Visual Studio The project mainly depends on the virtual basic software. The software uses this VB software which is very easy to create new user friendly projects with the basis of basic computer languages like C,C++. The coding are developed by the basic used in c, c++. In this project we use more than 5 window screen which are having individual programs. The first window is the verification window where the ration card number is to be entered. After entering the number, the details of the customer is displayed on the same screen. The second form is the display of the allotment details of individual customers. The required quantity of the customer is entered in the third screen displayed. The fourth screen is the billing screen which shows the total cost for required materials.

B. Arduino Software Arduino software is a platform where the coding is written for the arduino controller. The required quantity entered in the VB window is serially passed and acquired by the program written on them. The arduino coding further process the values for calculating the running period of motor to dispense the materials accurately. After writing the coding, the program is compiled and downloaded into the arduino board using USB cable.

All rights reserved by www.grdjournals.com

492

Automated Ration Dispenser using Embedded System (GRDJE / CONFERENCE / ICIET - 2016 / 080)

V. PROPOSED HARDWARE BLOCK DIAGRAM

Fig. 1: Proposed Hardware Block Diagram

VI. ARDUINO CONTROLLER Arduino is an open-source electronics prototyping platform based on flexible, easy-to-use hardware and software. It manufactures microcontroller-based kits for building digital devices and interactive objects that can sense and control objects in the physical world. In this project, arduino board controller acts as a central controller by controlling the dispensing operation accurately. The required amount of materials required by the customers entered in the VB forms are transferred to the arduino controller by using serial communication. This controller performs the action of dispensing materials by using the coding written in the arduino software which was downloaded in arduino board.

Fig. 2: Arduino Controller

VII.

WHEAT OR RICE DISPENCING METHODOLOGY

The quantity of wheat required by a customer is entered in PC and it is fed to arduino controller through serial cable. The arduino signal runs the motor fitted in the mouth of the container to open it. The wheat dispensed by motor setup is collected in the load cell or strain gauge. The load cell value is continuously read by arduino controller. Once the load cell value reaches the entered value, the signal from the arduino controller runs the motor in reverse direction to close the mouth of the container. The motor get operated through the relay driver circuit.

All rights reserved by www.grdjournals.com

493

Automated Ration Dispenser using Embedded System (GRDJE / CONFERENCE / ICIET - 2016 / 080)

Fig. 3: Wheat or Rice Dispensing Methodology

VIII. KEROSENE OR OIL DISPENSING METHODOLOGY The quantity of Kerosene required by a customer is entered in PC and it is fed to the arduuino controller through serial cable. The time taken for dispencing a constant quantity of liquid is calculated previously. Using the measured time arduino controller calculate the time required for entered value using the coding written in arduino. The running of the motors is acted through the relay driver circuit for a particular period corresponding to the required quantity. After the particular time the motor gets off.

Now the required liquid quantity was dispensed.

IX. RESULT ANALYSIS     

This Proposed project can provide a safe, secure and efficient way of Public Distribution System.

By using this technique in ration shops, solves the problem of too much manual process in Public Distribution System (PDS).

This project definitely paves way for a corruption reduced India in the future.

This new technology gives solution and this work will make a great change in Public distribution system and provides benefit to the government about distributed information and reduce the manpower.

This system is very accurate, simple and low power consumption, which can be easy for the real time application.

X. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK The conventional system has drawbacks like malpractices, low processing speed, long waiting time at ration shop to get material and material theft in ration shop without any acknowledgement to Government and consumer. To overcome above problems, automatic ration shop played important role. The automatic ration shop involved embedded technology to distribute the kerosene or grain material. The proposed system creates the transparency in public distribution system as the work becomes automatic.

With the help of this system, it is possible to make public distribution system efficient and free from malpractices. The proposed system has further advantages like it is helpful to maintain data properly, reduces paper work, time saving approach and cost effective. There will be a no corruption since all the transfer is systemized. In future it is possible to use GSM to send the details of purchasing in PDS to the customer’s mobile phones and the government can also monitor the details of PDS day by day without any influences.

All rights reserved by www.grdjournals.com

494

Automated Ration Dispenser using Embedded System (GRDJE / CONFERENCE / ICIET - 2016 / 080)

Fig. 4:

REFERENCES [1] A.N.Madur, Sham Nayse,” Automation in Rationing System Using Arm 7,” International journal of innovative research in electrical, electronics, instrumentation and control engineering, vol.1, Issue 4, Jul 2013.

[2] Rajesh C. Pingle, P. B. Borole “Automatic Rationing for Public Distribution System (PDS) using RFID and GSM Module to Prevent Irregularities” in International Journal of Technology Innovations and Research, Vol 2,March 2013.

[3] S.Valarmathy, R.Ramani” Automatic Ration Material Distributions Based on GSM and RFID Technology”, International Journal of Intelligent Systems and Applications, Vol.5,No.11, October 2013.

[4] K.Balakarthik,” Cloud-Based Ration Card System using RFID and GSM Technology”, International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology,Vol-2,Issue 4,April 2013.

[5] Dhanojmohan, Rathikarani, Gopukumar,”Automation in ration shop using PLC’’, International Journal of Modern Engineering Research,Vol 3, Issue 5, September 2013.

[6] S.Sukhumar, K. Gopinathan, “Automatic Rationing System Using Embedded System Technology” International Journal of Innovative Research in Electrical, Electronics, Instrumentation and Control Engineering, 2013, Vol. 1, Issue 8.

[7] Mahammad Shafi et.al. Suggested the “e–Ration Shop: An Automation Tool for Fair Price Shop under the Public Distribution System” [8] Umang Sharma, Vaibhav Kumar, Vikalp Chauhan,” Electronic Ration Distribution system, ”International Journal of Computer applications.

All rights reserved by www.grdjournals.com

495