Unleashed Complimentary
Vol. 9 Issue 3 - Early Summer 2017
Delmarva
Pooch Palooza Pictorial How Many Vaccines are Enough?
Operant Conditioning
“Miles�
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contents Delmarva Unleashed Vol. 9 Issue 3 Early Summer 2017
Publisher Sandy Phillips Editor Grammerly
6 Bark of the Town 8 Pooch Palooza Pictorial 26 How Many Vaccines Are Enough? 28 Raw Diets: We Just Do Not Know 32 Operant Conditioning
Creative Director Farin Lewis creative@grandlivingmag.com Contributing Writers Amanda Abresch Polly Elliott John Maniatty, V.M.D. Jaclyn Wolinski, D.M.V. Sales Heather Cherrix Norm Herdegen
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On the Cover:
Miles of BiValve, MD. Proudly owned by Veronica James Delmarva Unleashed is published six times a year; Winter, Spring, Early Summer, Late Summer, Fall, and Holiday. It is circulated throughout Maryland’s Lower Shore, Mid Shore and onto Virginia’s Eastern Shore. The magazine can also be found throughout Delaware and is published by Grand Living Magazine, LLC. Delmarva Unleashed is protected under trademark registration. No portion in whole or part may be reproduced without written permission from the publisher. Copyright 2017©, Grand Living Magazine, LLC. All rights reserved. Content in Delmarva Unleashed is intended to provide information only and is in no way meant to treat or diagnose. Always consult with a specialty professional to address your own personal needs. The company makes every effort to ensure that all information presented is correct, however, we do not make any representations or warranties as to the accuracy of the information, and reliance on information provided, is solely at your own risk.
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Bark of the Town Pooch Palooza Pie Eating Recipe 2 cups Sweet Potatoes 1 cup Pumpkin 1 Qt. of Heavy Cream Mix pumpkin into mashed sweet potatoes. Whip heavy cream into “whipped cream.” Fold whipped cream into pumpkin/sweet potato mixture. So very simple! You can serve this healthy treat at room temperature, but any remaining mixture must be refrigerated and served within 3 days. Notes: Be sure to use real pumpkin and not pumpkin pie filling. Also for best results use, “real” heavy cream that is free from any sugars or preservatives. If your dog is lactose intolerant, this may not be the best treat.
A Home for Fido According to the National Association of Realtors, 99% of pet owners consider dogs to be family. Eighty-nine percent would not surrender a dog due to housing restrictions, and 12% would move, taking their pet with them, if their landlord wanted the pet out for any reason. Statistics also show that pet owners will not put in a bid on a new home, if it's not also suitable for the dog and many prospective home buyers will purchase with plans to make changes for the dog, including, doggie doors, fencing or hidden fencing and modified flooring, better suited for pets.
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National Capital Therapy Dogs The Delmarva Chapter
Mission Statement “To provide unconditional love to patients, residents, staff, visitors, and participants through obedient, trained and certified dogs of sound temperament with caring and sensitive handlers. To provide training and socialization for participating animal and handler teams to assure patient safety and quality therapy. To participate in AAA/AAT (Therapy Dogs) promoted by national organizations. To have FUN!�
L
ooking for something to do this summer? Consider joining a volunteer organization with your dog. National Capital Therapy Dogs, the Delmarva Chapter, is a group of volunteers and Certified Therapy dogs (certified by National Capital Therapy Dogs) that visit area hospitals, senior living facilities and other properties spreading joy through the magic of dogs. The organization is a non-profit. Each member must be trained, evaluated annually, attend a training update annually and perform volunteer visits to the recognized service base. There is a modest fee of $20 -$25 per year to be a part. The group is always looking for new volunteer teams. They even offer a “Nationally-Recognized Training/ Evaluation Process, available for a small fee, to dogs that are friendly, good natured and like people in general. The course is six weeks and helps both dog and handlers practice visiting facilities in a safe environment. Their mentor program "provides an opportunity for new volunteers to learn from experienced volunteers. A mentor is assigned to all new volunteers to help them through the registration process and their first visits." Continuing education is available as well.
The Delmarva Chapter currently has over 55 teams, most in the Kent County, DE area, who have put in more than 4867.25 hours of service, since July of 2013. They visit area hospitals, schools, nursing homes, assisted living and rehabilitation facilities throughout the region. These volunteer hours don't include their attendance at area Festivals and parades. Toni Gillis, a member of the chapter, tells Delmarva Unleashed that their teams "work tirelessly to spread cheer." If you would like to join them, you can reach them at nctdinc.org.
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Pooch Palooza Dog Festival Our dogs are always by our side. Lucky ones get to hang out at the ball field, the Boardwalk, etc...while their humans socialize and do things. The Pooch Palooza dog festival is the one place where it’s all about the dogs. They get to do things, while their humans hang with them. While foul weather kept many from venturing to Pooch Palooza this year, those that came enjoyed a mostly dry experience and lots of canine fun! Pie Eating, was, even more, fun with the new recipe we created. Lots of adorable messy faces afterward! We've had several requests for the recipe, and you can find it in the Bark of the Town section of this issue.
Tara Lausch of Get Your Wag On, pet photography, shot Cover Model Search this year and offered a different perspective for the dogs. So very much personality in these photos! Our post-festival issue is always full of photos from the event, with lots of wagging tails and happy faces. While I could write oodles on the festival itself, I think the images tell more of the story. If you missed the festival because of the rain in the surrounding areas, we hope you will enjoy the pictorial. If you attended, perhaps you will find your pup, having fun on the following pages.
Lure Chase Lure Chase was presented by the Humane Society of Charles County. All proceeds from your participation went directly to their shelter.
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Pie Eating 10
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FastFetch Cup
Winners in the FastFetch Cup
Small/Toy - Champion, Armani - Melissa Hutchins of Powellville. MD Reserve, Ozie - Melissa Hutchins of Powellville, MD Med.- Champion, Sam - Loretta Mattingly of Greensboro, MD Reserve, Annie - Loretta Mattingly of Greensboro, MD. Lg - Champion, Willow - Stephanie Valdivia, Willards. MD Reserve, Lulu - Dee Williams of Aberdeen, MD
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Costume Contest
Precious Paws Animal Hospital
Full Service Veterinary Centers Providing Exceptional Care Mon-Sat.
John Maniatty, VMD Anne Flood, DVM Ali Lovins, DVM
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Bethany Beach, DE
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DockDogs
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Training Demos
Smart Pups
Fido Academy 18
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Agility Exploration & Photo-booth Fun!
Carnival Games
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Cover Model Search
Ninety-three dogs competed for the title of “Delmarva Unleashed Cover Dog.” Shown above, “Nautica,” winner of Cover Model Search at Pooch Palooza. He will appear on the Fall 2017 issue. Photography by Tara Lausch.
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K-9 Demo
K-9 Demo presented by the Worcester County Sheriff’s Dept.
Animal Wellness Center of the Eastern Shore Improving The Life of Your Pet Physical Rehabilitation Water Therapy Holistic Medicine
Jaclyn Wolinski, DVM
410-572-4266 31454 Winterplace Parkway Salisbury, MD
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How Many Vaccines Are Enough? by Jaclyn Wolinski, D.V.M.
T his is a loaded question with no easy answer, but it’s a question that’s
on the forefront of many pet parents’ minds. Instead of a one-size-fits-all answer, this begs a discussion about each pet’s individual needs and risks. A Chihuahua doesn’t necessarily need the same vaccines as a Labrador, just as a 12-year-old dog doesn’t need the same vaccines as a two-year-old. First of all, a vaccine is not a “magic shot” that immediately protects your pet against harm. Vaccines have been scientifically engineered to stimulate the body to create its own protection against disease. This means that your dog’s immune system has to be healthy enough to respond to the vaccine and create antibodies that will activate in the face of disease exposure to prevent your dog from becoming ill. This is why your vet may postpone vaccinations temporarily if your pet is otherwise sick. To determine what vaccines your dog needs, you have to consider what your dog will encounter in his/her dayto-day life. The core vaccines that are recommended for every dog are Rabies, Distemper, Adenovirus-type 2 (hepatitis), and Parvovirus. Rabies vaccination is easy to understand considering the prevalence of disease 26
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(59 cases in MD so far this year) and its 100% fatality rate. Distemper, Adenovirus-type 2, and Parvovirus combined are also known as a DAP, or distemper, vaccine. DAP is considered a core vaccine because of the severity of each disease’s symptoms, the difficulty of treatment, and the potential for long-term side effects or death from illness. Some people refer to this vaccine as the 5-way to 7-way shot, but these versions of the vaccine contain other ingredients that are either not considered core vaccines or are no longer recommended at all. Many veterinarians still give a distemper vaccine every year, but at least one manufacturer carries a 3-year label, and many believe the vaccine may stimulate immunity for seven years or longer. Consider extending the time between boosters if your dog is at low risk.
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Optional vaccines are Bordetella, Lyme, and Leptospirosis. Bordetella, also known as a kennel cough, is airborne and transmitted much like the common cold. This vaccine does not provide 100% protection but minimizes the severity of symptoms. This vaccine is recommended if your dog goes to the groomer, dog park, or will be boarding at a kennel. Lyme and Leptospirosis vaccines are a good idea if your dog is often outdoors and adventurous. Lyme disease is transmitted by ticks and is prevalent in our area. Leptospirosis is a bacterial disease that dogs can get by drinking water contaminated by the urine of wildlife. There are many vaccine varieties for each of these two diseases, so it is important to get your veterinarian’s best recommendation for which one to use. So what vaccines does your dog need? If you have a small dog whose only goal in life is to keep your couch warm in between grooming visits, then the core vaccines of DAP and Rabies, plus the optional Bordetella are likely sufficient. If you have an active dog who joins you hiking, hunting or otherwise exploring, then they should also probably receive Lyme and Lepto vaccines in addition to DAP, Rabies, and Bordetella. If you have a senior dog who has received vaccines its whole life, then we should appreciate the immunity it has built from those vaccines and consider discontinuing all but the Rabies vaccine, as long as your veterinarian agrees that the risk of exposure does not outweigh the benefit of not vaccinating your aging pooch.
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Raw Diets: We Just Do Not Know
by John Maniatty V.M.D.
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client called this week and spoke to one of my technicians about a movie/documentary on Netflix called “Pet Fooled� and had some questions. The gist of the movie/documentary that I got from my technician's conversation with the client is that commercially processed pet food is killing dogs and raw diets are what we should be recommending. So I sat and watched the documentary and saw no science to back the claim that raw food diets are better/safer than commercially processed diets. I then went and searched the Internet to find the scientific fact to support 28
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their claims. Once again I found no studies to say nutritionally this helps or hurts dogs. I found a lot of anecdotal stories about the benefits for individual dogs, but unfortunately also stories about it going wrong. In the movie, they made a point of saying that the lack of funding is the cause for lack of studies; this is a valid point. In veterinary medicine, there is limited funding. A lot of testing is done if there may be a human version to be made of a product or if the human version is made first then it may be replicated if the disease process is similar in the animal species. For
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example, A1C testing for diabetes is now being offered for dogs and cats. Funding from the large processed food manufacturers is not going to occur until they find a financial market that is viable to pay for the research. A Company like Stella and Chewy’s, which generated an estimated 38.9 million dollars in 2015, should help fund some studies showing the benefits of their diets if they have not already. Their diets have not gone through feeding trials to substantiate they meet Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO) standards. Unlike the majority of Hill’s and Purina diets that have undergone feeding trials. At the very least, if you feed it to a dog or cat for six months, then have minimal blood work and a physical exam done before and after.
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OK off my soapbox, so what is a nutritionally balanced daily, but they raw food diet? The first thing to know are varied day to day to balance the it is that it's not just putting raw hamnutrition over several days, unlike the burger or chicken in a bowl. To truly commercially prepared raw diets that do justice and to tell how to formulate are nutritionally balanced (3). The a raw diet, is beyond the scope of this commercially prepared raw diets are article. It is recommended that you either frozen or freeze dried. contact a veterinary nutritionist or hoIt is thought that freezing kills some listic veterinarian that is well-schooled of the bacteria that may contamiin the formulation of a homemade nate the meat. Handling of the food raw diet (1). These can be found on is one of the biggest risks involved ACVN.org for nutritionist or AHVwith these diets. Studies have shown MA.org for holistic veterinarians. that they can carry; Campylobacter, There also are several commercially Listeria Monocytogenes, E. Coli, made raw food diets that are balanced Trichinella spiralis, Clostridia bactenutritionally complete. Look to see ria, and Salmonella (4,5,6). Immune that the food has an AAFCO label and compromised people, the elderly, and has gone through feeding trials to meet the very young are at risk for becomthe standards. If it does not have an ing infected and sick. Even a teenager AAFCO label, then it is only intendfell ill and had to be hospitalized after ed to be fed intermittently and is not handling raw dog food. (6) With that nutritionally complete. being said, this is similar to handling The basis for a raw diet is that chicken, pork, or beef for human everything has a certain ratio to be consumption. Good hygiene post within. Most raw diets have raw meat, handling and cleaning the surfacbone or bone meal, vegetables, fruit, es it has touched decreases the risk dairy (usually cheese or yogurt), significantly; however, the dog eats do a raw for yourvitamins(3). pet, you must be justthe as contaminated cautious and use good hygiene to eggs, anddiet sometimes food. A dog’s gi tract protect yourself. Homemade diets are typically not is short, and if they are healthy they 1) Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere. 2015;43(6):409-19; quiz 420. doi: 10.15654/ TPK-150782. Epub 2015 Nov 23. Raw-meat-based diets (RMBD) as a feeding principle for dogs. Retrieved April 29. 2017 from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26593644 2) Joffe, D. J., & Schlesinger, D. P. (2002, June). Preliminary assessment of the risk of Salmonella infection in dogs fed raw chicken diets. Retrieved April 30, 2017, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih. gov/pubmed/12058569 3) Bocco, D. (n.d.). PetMD, LLC. Retrieved April 29, 2017, from http://www.petmd.com/dog/nutrition/5-mistakes-people-make-when-feeding-pets-raw-food-diet 4) Medicine, C. F. (2017, March 13/). Animal Health Literacy - Get the Facts! Raw Pet Food Diets can be Dangerous to You and Your Pet. Retrieved April 29, 2017, from https://www.fda.gov/animalveterinary/resourcesforyou/animalhealthliteracy/ucm373757.htm 5) Schlesinger, D. P., & Joffe, D. J. (2011, January). Raw food diets in companion animals: A critical review. Retrieved April 29, 2017, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3003575/ 6) Weethnutrition, /. (2015, February 04). Campylobacter, Salmonella, E. coli, oh my! Why I Don't Recommend Raw Meat for Pets. Retrieved April 29, 2017, from https://weethnutrition.wordpress. com/2015/01/24/campylobacter-salmonella-e-coli-oh-my-why-i-dont-recommend-raw-meat-forpets/ 7) Stella & Chewy's: Number 2783 on the 2016 Inc. 5000. (n.d.). Retrieved April 30, 2017, from https://www.inc.com/profile/stella-chewys
may not contract the disease, and the bacteria is shed in their feces. (4) The residue from their rectum can seed the environment wherever they sit, potentially setting up and environment which puts humans at risk. (6) There is a danger to these diets that needs to be addressed before starting them. Also despite the conjecture, if the pet is immune compromised starting this diet may be more detrimental to them because it may open them up to infections that they normally would fight off. There is still a great deal of information we need to acquire about raw diets, and until studies are done, we need to watch with a careful eye. They may be as great as people say or be worse than what people fear in the processed foods. Time and studies will tell. We know the dangers of raw meats from the preparation of foods in our homes for ourselves, and if you
do a raw diet for your pet, you must be just as cautious and use good hygiene to protect yourself. Because your pets deserve the best.
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Operant Conditioning
How We Train Dogs With Our Responses by Amanda Abresch B.S., ABCDT, APDT, CPDT-KA
I
n dog training and training in most species, we use the rules of classical and operant conditioning to mold behavior into what we want. First, let's review what these mean: Classical Conditioning: Think of Ivan Pavlov and his dogs- a bell ringing and dogs drooling in response. It involves pairing something the animal likes already with something that is initially neutral so that the animal begins to have the same response to the previously neutral item as they would to the item they naturally liked. In the case of Pavlov, he accidentally paired a ringing bell with feeding time. He realized that the dogs in his study began to salivate when they heard the bell as if that was just 32
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as important to them as the food that followed the bell. This is also referred to as learning by association. Operant Conditioning: This involves the animal learning that they can control the outcome based on their behavior and was first described by B.F. Skinner. This is what we use in training to strengthen or weaken behaviors, and it is typically very misunderstood, which is why we are focusing on it today.
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First, here is a handy little chart. I learn better with visual aids, so here is one for all of you who are like me! 4 Quadrants of Operant Conditioning
Adding Something
Removing Something
Behavior Increases or Is Repeated
Positive Reinforcement Negative Reinforcement
Behavior is Decreased and Offered Less
Positive Reinforcement Negative Reinforcement
Let’s take a closer look at those parts. In Operant Conditioning, the word positive does not mean it’s something good. The term positive here only means something is added to the environment. Similarly, the term negative here does not mean that there is something bad happening. It only means that something is removed from the environment. On the other hand, the terms reinforcement and punishment are just the same as you are already thinking. Reinforcement is something the dog (or any other animal) likes and punishment is something that animal does not like. Punishment is meant to decrease a behavior and reinforcement is meant to increase behavior. Still with me? Good. Now, we put them all together. Positive Reinforcement is giving the dog something they like after they offer a behavior you want is offered, in hopes that they will do it again. As an example, when your dog sits, you give them a treat and an enthusiastic, “good boy!”
Negative Reinforcement means you remove something the dog likes when they offer a behavior you do not like, in hopes that the behavior will be offered less in the future. As an example, a dog who jumps at the door to greet a visitor gets the door closed so they can’t see them. This is repeated until the dog remains seated the until the door is opened and the dog is released from the position. Negative Punishment is the removal of something unpleasant when the desired behavior is offered by the dog. A dog who is pulling on their leash will continue to feel pressure and tension until they stop pulling, the pressure/ tension is meant to be aversive enough to prevent them from pulling again in the future. Positive Punishment is giving something unpleasant to the dog in response to a behavior you do not like. A shock from an electronic collar is given to a dog to stop them from running out of the yard, in hopes that they will not run out of the yard again. There are a few things to keep in mind here. First, all four quadrants can
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work to change behavior, or they would not have been noted by Skinner. Second, punishment is not the only way to extinguish behavior- ignoring unwanted behaviors will also result in them extinguishing. Think of the small child who repeatedly calls “mom, mom, mom, mommy, mom..” and the mother who is waiting for the polite “excuse me, mom..” If she only ever responds to the behavior she wants, that behavior will gain strength. Third, we must keep in mind that since dogs and humans are different, we perceive many reinforcers and punishers differently. Yelling at a dog who is barking will likely only serve to increase the barking as you are now barking in unison and giving the dog attention. Pushing a dog who jumps to greet will not necessarily change behavior, as this is seen as a normal play behavior to dogs (and you are interacting with the dog and giving him attention). Last, reinforcers and punishers are decided by the individual receiving them, not by a book, list, or by the person providing them. I have known dogs who love a belly rub more than any treat, who would rather have a tennis ball than anything else in life, and dogs who are terrified of a gruff voice or even the vibrate setting on an electronic (shock) collar. Just like people, dogs are individuals and it's up to us, their people, to understand them and what motivates them as we go through life together.
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36 Boo Delmarva Unleashed Betty Stansell