2012 Summer International Programs Participation Reports by minhee

2012 Summer

World Top 10 University by 2030

발 간 등 록 번 호 UNIST-국제화센터-2012-004

International Programs Participation Reports

2012 Summer

International Programs Participation Reports

International Center

2012 Summer International Programs

Participation Reports

October 2012

UNIST International Center

Contents Student Exchange Program - Virginia Tech ․ Rhee, Chang Joon / Technology Management ································································ 3

- Eindhoven University of Technology ․ Choi, Hyun Jae / Technology Management ······································································ 8 ․ Cha, Hyun Jin / Technology Management ······································································· 12

UROP(Undergraduate Research Opportunities Program) - Drew University ․ Jang, Juneill / Electrical & Computer Engineering ························································ 29 ․ An, Seong A/ Green Energy ································································································ 36

- Georgia Institute of Technology ․ Roh, Hyung Doh / Mechanical & Advanced Materials Engineering ························ 45 ․ Shim, Yoon Bo / Mechanical & Advanced Materials Engineering ···························· 55 ․ Park, Kyeong Hwan / Mechanical & Advanced Materials Engineering ··················· 62 ․ Choe, Subin / Mechanical & Advanced Materials Engineering ································· 69

- University of Michigan - Dearborn ․ Kim, Soon / Mechanical & Advanced Materials Engineering ····································· 77

- University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill ․ Kim, Yubin / Nano-Bioscience & Chemical Engineering ·············································· 86

- University of Michigan - Ann Arbor ․ Kim, Chi Ju / Nano-Bioscience & Chemical Engineering ············································ 93

- UC San Diego ․ Yun, Joo Dong / Mechanical & Advanced Materials Engineering ························· 105

- NASA ․ Seo, Eunkyo / Urban & Environmental Engineering ··················································· 109

- Harvard University ․ Jung, Jae Yoon / Electrical & Computer Engineering ················································ 116 ․ Hong, Sumin / Electrical & Computer Engineering ···················································· 128

- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology ․ Kang, Da-Yoon / Design & Human Engineering ························································· 136 ․ Lee, Su Yeon / Design & Human Engineering ···························································· 139

- University of Waterloo ․ Kim, Yong-Il / Green Energy ····························································································· 142

- Rutgers University ․ Ahn, Seong-Jun / Mechanical & Advanced Materials Engineering ························ 149

Summer Session - UC Berkeley ․ Lee, Saemmul / Technology Management ···································································· 163

- UCLA ․ Lee, Seokju / Electrical & Computer Engineering ······················································· 172 ․ Oh, Yongkyung / Electrical & Computer Engineering ··············································· 183

Culture Exchange Program - University of Washington ․ Seo, Seong Hyun / Technology Management ····························································· 193 - University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign ․ Choi, Kyoung Young / Nano-Bioscience & Chemical Engineering ························· 202 ․ Choi, Su Woong / Technology Management ······························································· 210 - University of Washington ․ Kim, Hyun Hong / Green Energy ···················································································· 219 ․ Bae, In Hae / Technology Management ········································································ 224

- University of California, LA ․ Jang, Ji Yun / Technology Management ······································································· 241 ․ Han, Da Hye / Technology Management ······································································ 245 ․ Sim, Hyeon Suck / General Studies ················································································ 252 ․ Kim, Dong Hyun / General Studies ················································································· 261 - University of Manchester ․ Kwon, Min / Nano-Bioscience & Chemical Engineering ··········································· 266 ․ Huh, Ji Hyun / Nano-Bioscience & Chemical Engineering ········································ 271 ․ Jeong, Hokyeong / Nano-Bioscience & Chemical Engineering ································ 277 ․ Han, Bo Ram / Nano-Bioscience & Chemical Engineering ······································· 282 ․ Yoo, Yeong Cheol / Nano-Bioscience & Chemical Engineering ······························ 290 ․ Hwang, Seo Yoon / Nano-Bioscience & Chemical Engineering ······························ 300 ․ Oh, Kwang Hoo / Nano-Bioscience & Chemical Engineering ·································· 309 ․ Shin, Yae Chul / Nano-Bioscience & Chemical Engineering ····································· 313

Lab Tour - EnBio (Hong Kong, Germany, Netherlands, UK) ․ Shin, Kyeong-Jin (Nano-Bioscience & Chemical Engineering) and 2 others ······· 321 - 황금기 (Golden Era) (USA) ․ Choi, Ah-Young (Mechanical & Advanced Materials Engineering) and 4 others ····· 331 - 지구방위대 (Earth Cops) (USA) ․ Shin, Kyu-bo (Electrical & Computer Engineering) and 2 others ··························· 341 - E.A.T. (USA) ․ Lee, Yoon-Ho (Nano-Bioscience & Chemical Engineering) and 5 others ············· 349 - OllehO. (UK, France, Germany, Italy) ․ Lee, In-Eon (Mechanical & Advanced Materials Engineering)) and 2 others ·········· 360

- Future Vehicle (UK, France, Germany) ․ Ryu, Jaechan (Green Energy) and 2 others ··································································· 372

- 기계군단 (Mechanical Army) (France, Switzerland) ․ Seo, Hae-Won (Nano-Bioscience & Chemical Engineering) and 2 others ··········· 380

- Running求 (Running Search) (USA) ․ Kang, Hyun-Je (Nano-Bioscience & Chemical Engineering) and 3 others ··········· 387

Student Academic Activities - American Nuclear Society (ANS) ․ Kim, Kyoung-Mo (Green Energy) and 1 other ····························································· 397 - International Conference on Science & Technology of Synthetic Metals (ICSTSM) ․ Lee, Kang-Taek (Green Energy) and 2 others ······························································ 417

IAESTE Internship - Vrije Universiteit Brussel ․ Kim, Se Yang (Mechanical & Advanced Materials Engineering) ······························· 429 - Johannes Kepler Universitat Linz ․ Jeong, So Dam (Nano-Bioscience & Chemical Engineering) ·································· 437

Student Exchange Program

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□ Name: Rhee, Changjoon

(cls96111@naver.com)

□ Host Institute: Virginia Tech □ Participating Program: Exchange Student Program □ Study Period: August 15, 2011 ~ May 15, 2012

Greetings to all, I am Changjoon Rhee, an undergraduate in Techno management department. Being the first exchange student to Virginia Tech, I would like to share some of the great experience that I had in Tech and provide useful information regarding the college and the exchange program itself. Let me first introduce myself and why I decided to apply for the exchange program. I am a senior student taking a bachelor’s degree in business, specifically, technology management and finance. When UNIST first announced the Virginia Tech exchange student program, I was not interested since I could only apply in the engineering filed in Tech. So, at the first, I was planning to wait for other programs that suited business student. However, after consulting with the staff in UIC, I realized that I could apply for Industrial and Systems Engineering (ISE) which is an engineering major related to business and there are many opportunities by being an exchange student. Of those opportunities, the one that most stimulated me was the chance to take lectures with native English speakers and study with them, not to mention the tuition waiver. After the decision, I started to work on some of the required paper-works such as ““a statement of purpose””. I also worked on my presentation for the English interview that comes right after the document screening. Luckily, I got admission for two semesters, from August 2011 to May 2012. The preparation procedure was not very difficult. Since I was the first exchange student to Tech, not much information was available. However, UIC and Virginia Tech Ambassadors helped me a lot throughout the process. VISA screening went well and

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Tech Residence Hall gave me an acceptance letter after two weeks from application. Aside from administrative issues, for personal packing I referred to blogs and UNIST professors who studied there. With a month long preparation I finally got ready to visit Tech. Virginia

Polytechnic

University,

Virginia

Institute Tech

and

State

located

Blacksburg, a small town near Washington D.C. The campus is so large that I had to keep a map during the first semester. When I first went to Tech, it took me one hour to just find my dormitory. Approximately 35,000 students including both undergraduate and graduate are enrolled and more than 2,000 faculty members are employed. Though the collegeâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s main strength comes from engineering fields, it has many other departments such as arts, business, natural sciences and etc. In fact, there are more than 60 degrees available just for undergraduate students. Tech is well known for its football team which frequently ranks top 10 in ACC Championship and has thousands of fans in Virginia. Life in Blacksburg was quite peaceful. The town is located on a country side that is fully surrounded with farmlands and mountains just like

UNIST.

You

can

see

cattle

grazing,

squirrels foraging and rabbits running around. Although the town is fairly large in terms of the land scale, there are only 45,000 residents who are either students or faculty members. Simply put, you can consider the whole town a campus. With the weather similar to Korea, you can expect an extremely hot summer and a freezing winter. Sometimes, it snows so heavily that classes are occasionally canceled, though this never happened when I was there.

- 4 -

During the stay, I took 10 ‘in major’ lectures including one laboratory class. Classes that I took were either ISE or business majors. The good thing about being an exchange student is that the person can take any courses in his or her major without any restriction of prerequisites. However, aside from ISE courses, I had to submit transcripts to each department to take other major lectures such as business courses. Thankfully, most of the departments accepted the course requests. The lectures in Virginia Tech were very valuable to me. As expected, most of the lectures were highly interactive: many students asked questions during lecture and answered questions that instructors threw. Also, professors really seemed to respect students’ opinions and tried to address any problems that students faced. Especially, lectures such as business ethics which involves heavy discussions greatly surprised me. Discussions were very professional and interesting and they encouraged students to participate. Professors typically threw topics and did not try to intervene the discussion by students unless deemed necessary. Students respect each other’s opinions and so, discussions were not offensive. Though it was challenging for me to express opinion in English, participation was always enjoyable. Besides, it helped improve English speaking skills. Aside from discussion, some of the lectures required presentations in a formal manner. Though this was also challenging for English learners like me, I learned how to effectively deliver my idea and also learned some presentation skills, not to mention that I could get to know some students. Getting fair level of grade in Tech was quite challenging. Most of the instructors used absolute grading scale and did not give much curving. No matter how hard the exam is, if the average fits what the professor expected, the score that you get will be the finalized grade. So, some students even get F and have to take the course again. Fortunately, since the credits acquired outside UNIST do not affect the GPA, I was not worried about the grade. Other than lectures, I used to get along with exchange students from other countries and some native students. All of them were so nice. Honestly, before going to Tech, I was quite worried because of a mass shooting by a Korean that occurred 5 years ago. However, none of the students really cared about the fact that the killer

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was Korean and besides, many were familiar with

Koreans

Northern

because

Virginia

they

(NOVA)

came where

from many

Koreans live. So, it was not a problem at all. During the break, I usually traveled around the

States

and

visited

several

cities

with

exchange students. I visited Miami, Chicago, New York, and more. During my stay, there were many things to enjoy in Tech. First, there is a variety of great

facilities

campus:

bowling

lanes,

swimming pools and excellent gymnasiums that are equipped with innumerable facilities and

programs.

especially

loved

the

racquetball courts and indoor running tracks. Second, is the football game during first semester. As mentioned previously, Tech is famous for football and there are many fans. They take 6 hours trip to just watch a game. To allow all these people to watch a game, Tech has a football stadium that can accommodate 65,000 fans. It is very large but always filled without any empty seats. Have you ever imagined cheering with 65,000 fans? It is really awesome. I had three chances to see stadium football game and every time I went, it was always amazing. I still remember some of the rallying cheers: "Letâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s go Hokies!" Third, Tech has one of the most outstanding cafeterias in US. In fact, it won the second title in 2011. Not to mention the cleanliness, the foods were great with a variety of menus that one can select. There are about 6 food courts including a buffet restaurant. They even have steamed lobsters that cooked right away upon order, rib eye steak which you can choose weight, and salads that are healthy and fresh. Last but not least,

- 6 -

there are the hundreds of clubs available. Most of them are financially supported by the college. Similar to Korea, many undergrads participate in club activities and make friends. I was also involved in an academic club called â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Lean @VTâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; where I got a chance to participate in a workshop project, deliver presentations to industry people and of course, made lots of friends. To

summarize,

exchange

student

an to

experience Virginia

Tech

an was

amazing. I met a lot of people, learned many

things,

broadened

vision

and

became more matured. Indeed, I will never forget my life there. I strongly encourage you to sign up as an exchange student. Photo with Lean@VT members after 2-day workshop in North Carolina

There are countless benefits that you can get from the program. I truly thank you all

for reading this and hope you will be the next UNISTAR to visit Virginia Tech!

- 7 -

□ Name: Choi, Hyuk Jae (jay.choi@daum.net) □ Host Institute: Eindhoven University of Technology □ Participating Program: Exchange Student Program □ Study Period: February 6 ~ July 7, 2012

TU/e, Technical University at Eindhoven TU/e, Technical University at Eindhoven, is one of the leading research universities in the Netherlands. The city Eindhoven has been well known to many Koreans because Park Ji Sung had his early soccer career in PSV Eindhoven with our hero Guus Hiddink. Eindhoven is a small industrial town where Phillps company is headquartered, and there are only a few Korean people are living there. Thus, it is somewhat difficult to find any kind of information regarding the city on the web. So it is very important that one makes contact with people who are actually living there to obtain necessary information.

Application and Enrollment As of February 2012, two students, including myself, from UNIST were sent to TU/e as exchange students. To apply for the program, one should have a qualified score in TOEFL test and good GPA. For the fall semester, three other students from UNIST will be enrolling in the program to study in the Netherlands. Moreover, three or so Dutch students from Tu/e will also come to UNIST as exchange students. Other than UNIST, KAIST is the only Korean university who runs exchange study program with TU/e. Therefore, it is very likely that the only Korean undergraduate students in TU/e will be either from KAIST or UNIST. However ,there are some other small schools (Fontys and Design Academy) where Korean students are studying in Eindhoven.

- 8 -

Academics In European Union, undergraduate study is only three years long, and a lot of students continue their career through master’s degree. More importantly, almost all courses given in English

are

master

courses,

exchange

students has no option but to take master courses even though they are undergraduate students. However, one should keep in mind that the master level of studies in EU is very similar to that of the 4

year in universities in Korea. So, there is no need to

panic even if one gets to study with master students at TU/e. Furthermore, the credit system is not the same as that of UNIST. What we call ‘credit(학점)’ in Korea is used as ‘ECTS’in EU. In short, 5 or 6 ECTS is equitable to 3 credits. One can contact our international office for more information.

My Life at TU/e I got my housing from an agency company. In Europe, a full dormitory like that of UNIST hardly exists. College students usually live in a flat or shared housing. As for me, I got a room in a three-roomed house where I had to share the bathroom and the kitchen with two other housemates. My housemates were Andrea from Romania and Terhi from Finland. They were both female whereas I am a male. That means there is no separation according to sex regarding housing. Do not panic. The good thing about sharing a house is that one can get to know his or her roommates very well and they are usually from foreign countries. This surely elevates one’s understanding an experience on other countries, people, and cultures. I got along very well with Andrea who is from Romania, and that means I have a good friend whom I can visit in an Eastern European country.

- 9 -

The two habits of Dutch people which I enjoyed most were: First, a bike is the number-one transportation in all over the Netherlands. What is so special about it? Well, unlike Korea, Holland has very well built bike roads all over the country. I could go anywhere with a bike and that surely was amazing. It was not only convenient but it also provided enough exercising, and the beautiful sceneries alongside the bike roads were fascinating. The next thing I miss about the Netherlands is beer. Dutch people drink beer like we drink water. Every time when one orders food in a restaurant he also orders fresh beer. Moreover, every evening after work, people gather in the center of the city to get a glass of beer and relax. The tastes of Dutch, German, and Belgian beers are amazing and I loved them. The

Netherlands

very

international

country. There are thousands of people from all over the Europe, so I could make many European friends. For example, among the international

exchange

department

industrial

nationalities

varied

from

students

engineering, Korea,

the the

Singapore,

France, China, Turkey, Germany, Italy, Spain, Finland, and to Argentina. Every other week, I used to get together with these friends to have dinner together with each memberâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s own cuisine. They enjoyed Korean foods like ramen, curry rice, and bulgogi very much. The courses at TU/e were usually composed of a number of group assignments rather than individual work. Actually, the only individual work for me was the final examination at the end of semester. This means I had to work closely with other team members to get the assignments done. It was a good experience to get to

- 10 -

work in teams with foreign students. It did not only increase my ability to talk and debate in English, but it also taught me some knowledge on how to work with people from different cultural backgrounds. Regarding the lectures, I have not found any difference from those of UNIST except for the fact that attendance was only optional. Backpacking is an essential part of a student exchange program. Thanks to cheap flights within EU, I could visit and sightsee many countries during my stay in Eindhoven. I went on a backpacking trip to Belgium, Germany, Austria, Czech Republic, Turkey, Greece, UK, Ireland, and Spain. During thetrip, I met many friends from all over the globe and experienced new things. Overall, I believe that the exchange program with TU/e is very worthy because it let me experience new people and new things. Moreover, I enjoyed the time I spent backpacking

which

gave

good

lessens

inlife.

However, I want to warn those who want to join this program that you should first set very clear goals before you actually go there. Otherwise, it is very likely that you spend all six months without learning or achieving anything. Also, keep in mind that ‘studying hard at TU/e’cannot and should not be your goal for the program because you can do the exact same thing at UNIST too. That is, set clear goals and make sure those goals can only be pursued in the Netherlands. Then, I’m sure the time in Eindhoven will be very enjoyable.

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□ Name: Cha, Hyeonjin (corsair6811@naver.com) □ Host University: Eindhoven University of Technology □ Participating Program: Exchange Student Program □ Study Period: February 6, 2012~July 7, 2012

Reminiscing the Netherlands

"Twenty years from now you will be more disappointed by the things you didn’t do than by the ones you did do. So throw off the bowlines, sail away from the safe harbor. Catch the trade winds in your sails. Explore. Dream. Discover." – Mark Twain Intro I had not always been dreaming of studying abroad. I used to be an introvert who had preferred staying home, but the summer class in Australia last year completely changed me. I became fascinated in experiencing new culture, and a new way of life outside of Korea. However, as a full time student studying in engineering university, chances seemed few I was going to graduate in a year, and I would probably have to prepare for graduate school… Fortunately, in autumn 2011, there was a notice at

- 12 -

the

UNIST

exchange

portal,

program

which at

was

Eindhoven

about

student

University

Technology, or TU/e in the Netherlands. Since then I was nervously looking forward to this experience for months. Working part time as a Guys knew where I stayed at. Thank you Captain Park.

tutor to save some money, informing friends and family (‘Netherlands? Isn’t that where people are so

tall, and there´s like windmills and tulips everywhere?’ –‘Yeah’-‘What city are you going to live in?’-‘Eindhoven’- ‘Jisung Park and PSV Eindhoven?’ … blah blah.), planning my stay, browsing information on the internet, and grooming my mindset to out of nowhere. After all, spending half a year abroad one needs to be brave. It takes guts. Becoming an Exchange Student – Tough Start First things first, I had to be an excellent candidate who would gloriously represent UNIST. Sorry for being a little bit sarcastic. Anyways, the qualification for the program was very challenging. One´s GPA had to be as high as 3.7 out of 4.3 minimum. There were other requirements also. Starting from TOEFL iBT score, it was needed to submit references from two difference professors only for initial screening. After the screening there was a final presentation to carefully selected professors, which was to show my motivation. Among those requirements, TOEFL was the most challenging as I had never studied it before. At the verge of frustration from the fact that I wouldn’t be able to be ready before the deadline, however, luck just came. As there were not enough applicants, the international center decided not to require a TOEFL score , though I eventually gave submitted one. I would like to thank Ms. Sojin Choi from the international center for helping during this process. Even after this, there were tons of tasks that needed to be taken care of to be legally for studying in Netherlands. Beginning with submitting my financial statements

- 13 -

(copy of bank account with more than 5,000 Euros at least), residence permit which costing 600 Euros, and everything else was needed to make sure I would never be somewhat ‘illegal’ immigrant. Nervously waiting for 4 weeks after finishing all I had done, I finally got granted to study in the Netherlands. I was ready in the end. Well this all sounds painful so far, but believe me it was totally worth it. Adapting to a New Life Upon arrival, the first week in Eindhoven was the busiest week during the whole stay. Nevertheless, it was perfect timing to become adapted to the city at the same time. Interactie, the study association for international activities in my department of Industrial Engineering & Innovation Sciences, prepared an introduction program for new exchange students. The first half of the program was pretty boring though a guy from the committee really wanted to explain how amazing his school and city was, but he really shouldn’t have shown us the statistics about Eindhoven all the time. 50% chance of rain all year? Around half an hour later, painful sequence of graphs and pictures finally ended when other guys from the association realized half of students were sleeping. Then they decided to make a better choice - hanging out in a bar. What surprised us was that there was a bar in the center of the school. Each department had its own bar in their building, and of course our bar Vila was the best .I will talk more about the bar later, so let’s get back to the introduction week. I wouldn´t really recommend the overall contents, and surely the first half was terrible, but the main point was to meet new people, who were just as confused as I was. Soon I got to know a few people, and they all turned out to be nice friends. I could also get used to my new house so easily. The flat was small but comfy, and both of my roommates were cool. Miguel was from Spain, and he managed to putup with the fact that I liked FC Barcelona (he was from Madrid). The other guy, Antonio, was incarnation of typical Italian. He was from southern Italy, was a big fan of Juventus, and

- 14 -

spoke with typical Italian English

(check http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vwz0CzEXUII

for more information on the accent.). My favourite thing was that he sometimes cooked pasta for us, and it was just so tasty. The only problem was I had to pay more than double as much as what I used to do in Korea. The housing situation in Holland sucks. It was a nice start but I still had to deal with some issues though. A lost passport was the worst among them but well, after 6 months it was not even a hunch to me anymore. Human beings tend to emphasize good

memories,

while

forgetting

and

minimizing bad ones. Let´s just say that time Main building of the university

solves everything, and that’s a good thing.

Soon the awkwardness was gone, and everyone started to have fun in the bar during the night .I still have no idea how a gorilla’s in the center. Academics I will probably say this ten more times in the essay, but studying at Eindhoven University of Technology has definitely been an enlightening experience. And of course

was

totally

different

from

studies

Korea,

either

cultural

systematically. To begin with, at UNIST, we all are used to (and we have to) call our lecturers as ‘professor’ or maybe by their last names with ‘Dr’ if we are lucky. At TU/e, however, it’s unusual if one doesn’t call professors by their first names, except when they are from other countries. This clearly shows that Dutch people are much more casual, especially compared to Koreans. There

were

also

several

differences

regarding

academic

systems

between

two

institutes. Usually Dutch students study three years doing their bachelor program, and

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another two for master´s degree. Being senior by that time at UNIST, I was considered as a graduate student was doing master program Operations Management & Logistics. At TU/e all master courses were taught in English, but in bachelor it was up to lecturers to teach either in Dutch or English. I was a bit surprised because Dutch students spoke English very well, much better than average UNIST students, who learn every single course in English since admission. Let´s not talk about this anymore. Lastly, credits at TU/e and other European universities are called ECTS, European

Credit

Transfer

and

Accumulation

System.

ECTS

means

takes

approximately 25 hours of study (including lectures and assignments) to catch up the course contents. Below is simple description of the courses I registered for. Each course was 3 ECTS. #1. International Negotiation – Consists of ´Culture´ and ´Negotiation´ parts each. Didn´t like it that much. The first part seemed to generalize people only using their cultural background. Negotiation was fun though. Role-playing as an owner of Asian family business company. I was proud I had a lot of chances to correct stereotypes on Asian people, especially Koreans. #2.Organizational Behavior and Human Performance – Equals to Organizational Behavior at UNIST. Online courses. Much easier than I expected. #3.New Media, Entrepreneurship and Innovation - Had a lot of guest speaker. Introduced emerging trends (Facebook, twitter, angry birds). Exam was in August so I couldn’t take it. #4.Presentations in English –Equals to Effective Communication. I really liked the lecturer(reminded me of professor Andrea Wright, who used to teach Leadership and Teamwork)

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#5.English Skills 2 – Registered only because Miguel, one of my flatmates did. It was easy.

Trivia –Netherlands, Eindhoven, the Dutch, or whatsoever I did complain a lot about the boring introduction Interactie had in the first week in the Netherlands. Still I keep thinking there are millions of interesting stories about Netherlands. Right, once one starts living here, he or she will be dying to show off how interesting Holland is.

Number One. Being Tall As a Korean guy with an average height (174cm), it doesn´t make any sense that the name of this country means the lowlands. In fact, the highlands or at least the high-people-lands would be much better describe this country. Dutch people are tall. Really tall. Freaking tall. Tall enough to make me feel like a 10-year-old schoolboy. Wait, I actually have seen some kids who are even taller than me. They are in fact, the tallest people in the world! The average Dutch man is measured in at 1.83 meters and an average woman is as high as 172cm. There are millions of hypothesis on why the Dutch are such vertically superior beings. Awesome health-care? A lot of exercises? All of these of course play a role, but I’ll put my money on the big D. Dairy that is. A recent study linked the number of cows per capita to the height of a country’s people. And guess what Dutch people certainly have no shortage of cattle!

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Number Two. Everyday I´m Biking The first thing you see on the streets in Netherlands will be bikes, and people riding bikes everywhere. Whether it rains or not, the Dutch can be found criss-crossing this bridged city on their two-wheeled friends. In fact, it is impossible to separate where the Dutch begin and their bicycles end. The numbers surely Average Dutch Lady Riding a Bike

speak for themselves!! There are over 18

million bicycles in the country with no more than 17 million people. You might think that as bike is a must here, it should be fancy, well-polished, sophisticated, titanium-suspension-rigged bicycle. But nope. Dutch people certainly will not give a damn about how nice their bikes are. Instead, they love their gearless, rusted, chain-just-barely-hanging-on variety. The most impressive feat of all, however, is how Dutch people ride these heaps of metal and rust. Don’t be surprised by the Dutch’s unmatched ability to ride a gearless bicycle while talking on a mobile phone, carrying 2 children, 6 bags of groceries, a television set, and a mattress balanced neatly on the back! Having grown up on wheels, the Dutch can conduct daily superhuman acts with laid-back coolness. I’d strongly recommend not trying it on your own. Number Three. Dutch Food Dutch people have 3 very specific ways of preparing food/vegetables. They really like to: a) Mash the hell out of something, b) Boil the shit out of something, or c) Deep-fry the life out of something!

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Among those, Dutch people especially love to mash mash, mash, mash. In this point the beloved

Stamppot

can

great

demonstration. For those of you unaware of the Stamppot, it actually combines 2 of the Dutch cooking specialties a) mashing and b) boiling. First you boil the shit out of various veggies (potatoes, carrots, etc.). Then you mash the hell out of all of them, throw a little sausage on the side, and voila, a perfect Dutch meal! Wait! There are even GREATER dishes! What about the Zuurkoolstamppot (sauerkraut mashed with potatoes) or the Andijviestamppot (endive mashed with potatoes) or the Boerenkoolstamppot (cabbage mixed with mashed potatoes)?! Are you starting to see a pattern here? Nevertheless, there’s still tasty food you can try in Holland. This meal is called Kebab, and it’s from Turkey. What I want to say is, well, Dutch food was FREAKING TERRIBLE. Last but not least. The Red Light District and Coffee Shops. Let me be serious for a while in this part at least. Netherlands always prides itself on its wholly liberal and tolerant attitude, but this can be a shock to most people. Dutch people have been even embracing the fact that people may be into prostitution and soft drugs. Prostitution has been a fully legal business, for the purpose of enhancing conditions, decreasing crime, and collecting taxes. After all, nothing else has ever made Netherlands distinct to other places in the world. Every single day, in the Red Light Districts of any cities in Holland but especially in Amsterdam, you will find hundreds of girls offering sex for money. Even for Dutch people there’s always huge debate on

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whether to illegalize prostitution or not. One thing is sure that Netherlands is one of the safest countries in the world. Most countries including Korea take the point of view that drug is detrimental to society, hence must be prohibited. However in Netherlands, visitors arriving at Amsterdam's Central Station need walk no more than five minutes to find a bunch of coffee shops. What’s the big deal of getting a cup of coffee? Well, they do sell coffee, and also their main product is weed (marijuana). This has Statue of a ‘Sex Worker’ in Amsterdam.

been causing friction between Holland and other countries about the policy for cannabis, mostly with France and Germany. Similar to prostitution case, the number drug addict in Netherlands are

comparably lower than in other European countries. So, what do you think? Culturally Enriched During the stay in the Netherlands I had a good number of so-called cultural activities. Where should I start? Hmm. First off, as I mentioned earlier there was a student bar in our department building. Every Thursday after classes, we went there and enjoyed a pint of beer, cooling our brains a bit. On weekends, Stratumseind was where the exchange students like me as a group spent most of their time. It is the longest club street in Holland, proudly showing off more than 50 bars and clubs. The street attracted a young crowd (including us!) that's up for anything, from salsa to rock and roll, a lot of dance & techno, and Dutch party music. I had so many good memories that it is impossible to pick just a few. Two of my personal favourites, though, were Carnival and Queensday these are the ones we could enjoy in Netherlands!

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Carnival and Queensday Vastenavond, or Dutch Carnival is one of the two biggest public holidays in the Netherlands. It´s based on Catholic traditions, but people don´t seem to care. In the middle of February, everyone starts wearing funny costumes, and they keep drinking and dancing! It´s just like Halloween, but in February! I didn´t dress up unfortunately, I tried to buy some but all the costumes were sold out. Instead I decided to make an excuse.

Friend: Why didn´t you dress up? I: I did. I´m a Dutch, it´s just that I´m dressed up as an Asian. Friend: Are you insane? It was not very successful, yet I had a good time drinking at student bar, taking pictures of people with weird but sometimes awesome costumes. Queensday, or Koninginnedag is the other biggest national holiday in Holland. As you would easily figure out from the name of the day, it is to commemorate the birthday th

of the country's (former) Queen. On 30

April this year, every street in my city was

packed by people with orange clothes, which means they love the Queen and where they live! Fortunately this time I could get some orange stuff… as you can see in the pictures below.

Another Way of Experiencing Culture - Travelling Eindhoven is already a nice place to live in, but there’s a lot more things to in the Netherlands. My journey began from Amsterdam, the capital of the country with

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lovely canals and liberal attitudes. And then it moved to Zaanse Schans (look at the first page of my essay –there it is!), which had typical

Dutch

villages

with

clogs,

wooden

houses, and windmills. Not to mention that I visited small but beautiful towns of interest to Sunny day in Amsterdam – never forgettable

travellers – Delft, Utrecht, Hertogenbosch, and

etc. It’s needless to say that every place had its own characteristics. Some might think this is more than enough, but I wanted to see much more. Call me greedy but come on, I had never been to Europe before. And what if this was the last chance to be here? Luckily for me, as a semi-hub transportation, Eindhoven was one of the best places to start travelling throughout Western Europe. From the airport, low cost airlines could easily bring me to the airport and bring me everywhere with reasonable prices. If you don’t mind tight seats and smelly toilets Buses are also an option. Quality is the worst, but price is way cheaper and sometimes it’s just one or two Euros per ride! Overall Reflection Here comes the end of the essay (almost). Overall, I would say that my time in Eindhoven, my time in the Netherlands, and my time in Europe has been awesome! To be honest it was hard for me, before coming here, to be excited. It was because I really had no idea what I would experience. As a student from completely different cultural background, I was never able to get a clear picture of what it must be like. As a result, in spite of months of searching information on the internet, I was not prepared at all when I arrived in Eindhoven. Nevertheless, this was a good lesson in getting used to various situations. It was challenging, of course, but it was interesting as well. To say, it was new things that

- 22 -

enlightened my stay in Holland Starting from arriving in new country, new city, new house, new friends, and food (this one’s the only one I didn’t like though), and lastly, any other things I experienced here for the first time. Some might have a hard time coping with I’m going to miss this a lot

these but I loved it.

There are still some things I regret, or I had to work on though. First of all I should have registered for more classes, especially the ones I wouldn’t be able to attend back at UNIST. I justified this to myself by thinking that I was too busy travelling around and experiencing new things, but it was all a big fat lie. I did pass all the courses, but really should have worked harder. Other than that, however, I could say ‘’Not bad’’ to myself. Finally, I would recommend spending time, studying, working, and/or living abroad to everyone. Because I think it is important to learn about another country and culture first hand. If I had stayed at my home institution I would have never met so many diverse groups of people or had the experience of travelling to so many different countries in such a short period of time. I feel that my time in Netherlands taught me so much, not only about education and life in this place, but about myself and everything new. I think I have grown a lot in a year, I know that it is only through this experience that this change has been made possible. Last not but least, this is not over yet. The exchange program ended in July this year already, but I didn’t go back to Korea.Europe has enlightened me so much, so I decided to lengthen my stay in here. Eventually I ended up starting an internship in Barcelona, Spain. So I’m still looking forward to seeing something new. Who knows?

- 23 -

First impressions on Eindhoven were 1. Freezing2. Raining all day 3. No windmills 4. Everything´s expensive except for beer 5. Cool place nevertheless

Last not but least: Guidelines for Future Students: There are a few things I think wouldn´t be really helpful to know, but still that not bad advices. As a new exchange student at TU/e. #0. Are you interested? Then be prepared! The more you spend on getting ready for the program, the higher are chances that you will be accepted. You wouldn´t be able to increase your GPA right now, but still you can practice English and have TOEFL test. #1. Living in Eindhoven was expensive for sure, but I´m not going to say that you shouldn´t spend any at all. Spend wisely. Making your own food at home instead of going to restaurants will grant you trip every month. Try visiting local markets on weekends, and you will find good stuff for reasonable prices. #2. Recognize that you are not at home anymore and things are going to be different, so make sure you consider that and try to adapt to new conditions and situations accordingly. #3. Travel as much as your expenses and class schedule will allow! It could be your last chance to live in Europe this long, and it is just so convenient to travel once you’re already here. So, why not take advantage of the opportunity?

- 24 -

#4. Try CouchSurfing(http://www.couchsurfing.org/) instead of staying at hostel or a Korean Minbak. It’s about hospitality exchange, staying at other people’s places for free and let them know your culture and stuff. #5. Speak with other people! Don´t be shy. They´re also non-native English speakers! What about Dutch? Just a few words will make people love you! Think about a foreigner speaking Korean, how lovely! #6. When registering for courses, try to attend at least as much as 24 ECTS. It might be a lot but as UNIST has 3 short semesters, while TU/e has only two. You will probably have to make up for that. #7. Know your limits! Whether it’s traveling, studying, partying, or otherwise, you’re in a new place, and you should always be responsible for yourself, no matter the situation. Just use common sense. #8. If you´re interested in staying in Europe longer, I would like to recommend you to do internships. Associated with UNIST, The International Association for the Exchange of Students for Technical Experience IAESTE offers chance to do work in Europe. #9. Enjoy the time you have in Eindhoven, Netherlands, and Europe. It’ll go by really fast, and then you’ll miss all the great people you met while studying at TU/e!I really do. #10. Don’t hesitate to ask me any questions! (corsair6811@gmail.com)

- 25 -

UROP (Undergraduate Research Opportunities Program)

- 27 -

□ Name: Jang, Juneill (erfajtlsrjs@naver.com) □ Host Institute: Drew University □ Participating Program: UROP □ Study Period: June 4 ~ July 27, 2012 (8 weeks)

This summer, I went to Drew University in Madison,

state

Without

UNIST’s

UROP

research

intern.

(undergraduate

research opportunity program), I could not have had the opportunity to explore another side of the world and to be a true global citizen and a leading scientist. Therefore, first of all, I would like to heartily appreciate UNIST International Center, and Professor Gil-jin Jang and Minjoon Kouh for their supports. I have been interested in neuroscience, whereas I did not decide a certain division I was going to study. My interest in neuroscience began when I was a sophomore. From 2010 summer to winter, I participated in a research project over protein Calcyon in synapse, which allowed me to conduct diverse experiments such as protein assay, treating genes, extracting and incubating neurons. These were rather closer to ‘biological’ topic, though I also had a desire to extend my knowledge to other divisions of neuroscience. Especially, computational method was quiet attractive. Since I am a physics major as well as Bioengineering, I preferred a laboratory discovering a connection between the two academic fields rather than somewhere not related to my career. Just spending days as usual, one day I accidently found the UROP announcement of a research opportunity of ‘computational’neuroscience in Drew University. Then I immediately applied for it with an enthusiasm to learn various topics about neuroscience.

- 29 -

After I made up my mind to catch the opportunity, UROP, I prepared for the departure. Firstly, the VISA issue, J-1, exchange/intern VISA was issued for me. However, I made a decision so late and piles of paperwork had to be done across both universities before the VISA application, I had a lot of pressures and concerns over the VISA. It is always important to start preparations as early as possible, and this applies toother matters such as reservation of an airplane tickets or quarters. The faster you move the better price you could get. For instance, in Megabus, a popular inter-city transportation company, ticket cost starts with only $1 and goes constantly higher as seats are occupied. The U.S.A is a considerably different world from Korea that well-planned preparations are needed. This trip was, for me, the very first time ever to travel overseas, and I had so many questions and worries as well. For people who are like me, I leave some useful tips - In the U.S., the shape of plugsis different from ours, so that it is highly recommended to prepare a plug converter. You would better to buy one in Korea otherwise you might end up paying more for it in the U.S -Korean marts are located only in a large â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;cityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;, and there is no hope to encounter any Korean foods in a country. If you are expecting to live far from the city, do not forget to bring some your favorites and Korean spices to the new world. -Free wi-fi zoneis seldom even in an international airport. If you need to use the Internet, better choices are to go a store providing free wi-fi. Using your Korean mobile phone in the U.S. Roaming is not recommended though, due to the exorbitant fee. The internet usagewas the most inconvenient thing during the trip. -It is commonly unexpected that the language is comparably not a big problem in reality, even for someone like me who is terrible at speaking English. Americans are usually patient enough with listening to foreigners until they understand. Therefore, there is certainly no need for worries about English.

- 30 -

Drew University Drew

University

not

well-known

university to Koreans, including myself before I went there. The campus is quite small, but has a long history. The university was initially founded as a divine school, and has earned respects and reputations in the state of New Jersey. Its small division of science is where I spent the whole summer for the research, with instructions from Professor Kouh, who is an assistant professor in the department of Physics in Drew. The district where the university located is Madison, NJ, a small town. Different from others, most of citizens of Madison are European Americans. It is a very calm town with a good public order, and stations and markets are surrounding around and spread from the university. Madison is a peaceful as well as convenient place to live. It takes only 1 hour by train to get to New York and I used to spend my day-off in New York. In Madison, I could easily see native animals such as squirrels, deer, hawks, and various kinds of birds. To my surprise, I even saw fireflies! Before going to the U.S., I had a biased view toward it that its environment must be polluted anywhere because of the industrialization. However, now I have a different point of view that Korea is more contaminated since I saw fireflies in Washington and New York too. By the way, Medison is absolutely a ““close-to-nature”” town. I conducted research in Drew from 28th May (right after the end of the 1st trimester) to 28th July, 8 weeks. I covered three themes over Leaf recognition, Adaptation, and Eye movement.

- 31 -

First of all, Leaf recognition, which was mainly conducted by one of my fellows, Seong-A, was to make a program that classified leaves. The procedure goes like this taking a picture of leaf, processing the image, analyzing useful features such as perimeter and eccentricity. Then compare the features with a database. As a consequence, a piece of leaf can be classified.

Scheme of 'Leaf Project' Another

theme

was

about

adaptation.

Adaptation

refers

processes

which

self-adjust to and correspond with the environment. As an example, even though eyes receive the same amount of lights form an object, people recognize it darker or more brighten than original objects according to the brightness of the background where someone stands. Borst â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;s paper (Borst et al 2005) describes a model that adaptation process could possible without any changes in parameters in a system. Instead, multi dimensional mutually correlated inputs play a role to system behavior change. And, I checked the system behavior change corresponding to input deviation, mean, correlation coefficient change. And I also checked information (entropy of input

- 32 -

and output) change. The last thing was about eye movement simulation. In the last week of my UROP, eye tracker was installed in the lab. So there was a lack of data. Before it was installed, I made the eye movement simulation program using a principle from a published research results about eye repeat fixate and saccade. (Lenninger et al 2007) What they wanted to know in their research was the location of fixation point for eyes. They suggest a hypothesis that eye is fixated in information-max point. Information-max point is where if eye focus on that point, it can get more information, such as the highest velocity point, than focusing other points. I used the acceleration and velocity profile of each body part that was extracted from kinect (part of X box) sensor. Simulation data was not quite matching to real eye movement that measured by eye tracker, and that was something to be improved later.

Scheme of Eye Movement Simulation In Drew University, lab meetings were held once a week. This lab meeting was not only for our lab members, but also every lab in the department was attending to have a discussion. I also had a chance to present outcomes in front of all of the

- 33 -

faculties and researchers. Before the time for the presentation, I felt so frustrated and nervous because I had to present it in English. However, as I already mentioned, it is no matter how good you are in English. They were kind enough to understand my lack of English, both in work-related and everyday conversation. In this way I gained confidence by speaking with them. In the research period, I met many people in the university and the lab. Adam was a freshman studying about neuron tuning curve. I regret that I wasnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t friendlier to him as I met him almost every day. After a while, four high school students including two Koreans joined the lab for about 4 weeks. Their participation gave me a relief against homesickness, though we could rarely have a conversation. After my research, I traveled the east-side of the U.S. for about a week. Students with J-1 VISA are promised to have some additional days for travels, called â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Grace periodâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; (maximally 30 days).I visited to four cities, New York, Toronto (Niagara Falls), Washington DC, and Boston. Total cost within 600$. Apart from the grace period, I sometimes traveled to New York. I had planned to visit here and there, but New York was a huge city with a great deal of entertainments to enjoy everything. I think, the most important places to visit in NY are museums. Many precious museums are there, named museum of modern arts (MoMA), metropolitan museum (Met), museum of natural history and Guggenheim museum. Among them, I my favorite was MoMA. Like its name, it displays only modern & contemporary arts. Although MoMa is smaller in size than the others, you can meet essential art works in the last floor, with only $14, discounted price for students, and on Friday nights it is free.

<Unique Forms of Continuity in Space> Umberto Boccioni, MoMA

- 34 -

Central Park and Time Square are recommended as well. Central Park is placed in the center of Manhattan it can be symbolized as a natural forest in skyscrapers. Hundreds of people were there, jogging, sunbathing, playing instruments, and dancing around. Boats were serenely floating on the lake. Time Square was a great sleepless town. Even at night, it was brightened by electronic advertisement displays all around. The famous Broadway musical theater is near Time Square. In ‘TKTS’store, in the center of square, you can get a discounted musical ticket if you have luck. But making a reservation is more recommended. To go to Niagara Falls, I took a night bus, and it arrived around noon, 4 hours later than schedule. I was angry at the fact that now I could only visit Niagra Falls and not Toronto as planned. Most passengers (except me) were just staying calm, which made me feel surprised in the culture difference. I took another bus again toward the falls, spending round 4 hours. The falls lie on the border of the U.S. and Canada, staring from the former so that views in the latter are better. If you want to get up a close, a ship, ‘Maid of Mist’ can bring you underneath the falls. Enjoy the waterfall-shower! This is a brief but essential note of my story. I went through troubles with hunger and loneliness. However, when I look back, it was absolutely a precious and unforgettable experience.

- 35 -

□ Name: An, Seong A (cassandra@unist.ac.kr) □ Host Institute: Drew University □ Participating Program: UROP □ Study Period: June. 04 ~ July 29, 2012 (8 weeks) UROP program is the most interesting one among the international programs for Unistars. I can experience living abroad and Internship, these both unique things at the same time. Thanks to the International center in UNIST, process for taking part in this program was not that complex, so there was not much burden in paper preparation. In earlier summer or winter vacation, going for an internship with a light workload would be useless, I think, so I applied this time. However that consideration is not that useful. My major is Green Energy Engineering(Nuclear Energy) and Device Physics and my research field in Drew was Neuroscience. That's so far away from my major. Using computer language is similar but unfamiliar to me since I did not take general biology courses. Moreover, I wondered if the 'Professor would accept me?' During the interview with Prof. Jang gil-jin in UNIST and Prof. Kouh Min-joon in Drew, I expressed my fear about this thing and Prof. Kouh said that 'various experience regardless of major in undergraduate would be helpful' and I decided to do my best for this chance and get as much experience and skills during the internship period. Now I think, going to Drew with the belief about Prof. Kouh's advice was the best thing about UNIST life. Just before arriving to the USA, I had been hypnotized. As I said before the process was not that complex but I submitted my documents late, so following procedures such as being issued a visa were delayed. The schedule for visiting the American embassy of interview was narrowly adjusted and so many things were hurried. The students who apply for international programs should do these things as early as possible so keep composure, and prepare for living abroad. For my case, I didn't have enough time so I forgot to bring several items.

- 36 -

2. Research Pattern Recognition. That was the big frame of my research subject. As the eyes receive visual stimulation, the brain recognize the sort of things in front of eyes. I studied about algorithms in the brain. Which algorithm would be best fitted for our brain and find best-accuracy method. How the brain recognizes two different pictures represent two different materials is a unique process.. It is understandable with the pictures below. Classification of Car/Non-Car is very easy because their shapes are not the same!

However, even the same vehicle has different shapes and various colors, angle of sight, scale, location, sort (sedan, truck, bus, etc) but we can say they are vehicles. This is because we have a defined boundary. Which side the shape is located along the boundary decides what the exact category of the object. Exact comparison of pictures could say these pictures are the same or not, but pictures of same objects with some transform need flexibility in recognition. We should have boundaries to embrace some alteration in the same object and distinguish dissimilar objects. Like this, our

brain

accomplishes

complex

tasks.

Studying how the brain does these tasks is one of the roles of neuroscience. We had a concept of boundary in object recognition like this.

- 37 -

In the first week, we had time for understanding what we will do in the upcoming 8 weeks and how to use MATLAB program. For these purposes prof. Kouh assigned 'Digit Classification' project. Hundreds of digit image samples were given and we developed a program classifying digit images into ten (0~9) sorts of digit. For the time beginning we find mean value of each pixels of training images. We could find the average shape of each digit numbers. Then, we use test images. Find the gap between values in pixels of test image and average image of each digits and compare which digit has smallest figure. We could suppose that the digit which has smallest figure would have the most similar shape with test image and that number is what test image belongs to. This mean's the accuracy was about 85% somewhat accurate but with limits. This mean was available only when images'(digit figures') size and location (in whole picture) were regulated so that does not have flexibility. The next research was my substantive one. 'Automatic Plant Leaf Classification'. 3D object was too complex for me to deal with, so Prof. Kouh assigned me that subject. That is about classification of plant leaves with digital image of leaves. Approximately analyze leaves as a 2D structure and use contour of those structure to find some features of leaves. At first, I should pile up some training data images. For reflecting some shape's difference in even same species of plant and high accuracy, at least more than 50 pictures for each specie was needed. In this step, Michael and

Elizabeth

who

are

participating

program in Drew help me to take pictures. In sequence I did some adjustments for leaf images for making those accepted easily to computers. I analyzed images with their contour only, not color, vein, etc so I needed to transfer it to a binary image and find out their contours only, cutting stem of noises which arise in taking pictures. This step makes the program more

- 38 -

speedy and light. Stem cutting process leads to increasing of accuracy of the program. I was eager to build a perfect stem cutting program and made up some codes on trial, but our problem was still unsolved. Therefore, I had to erase stem manually in image processing program at that time. Finally the output image data was to be processed. In that process, I refer to a paper 'Automatic Plant Leaf Classification for a Mobile Field Guide' - David Knight, James Painter, and Matthew Potter - That paper describes briefly about which structural features are proper to be used in classification. That means, which features do efficiently classify the leaves. There were about ten features such as Aspect Ratio(AR), Rectangularity(R), Convex Area Ratio(CAR), Convex Perimeter Ratio(CPR), etc. And

make

processed

the and

train

images

accumulate

be the

outcoming data to some matrix. Each matrix denotes a class of leaves and column mean the value of different features. We could find that values of same class and same feature has some similarity. Then using this trained data, we could classify some test images. I had not much time to construct several classification functions, so I used some functions already equipped in MATLAB. There are 'classify', 'Naive Bay' and 'KNN classify' functions and add

one

simple

function

using

COM

concept. That added function's process is clear that finding each classes' COM and comparing the

distance

classes'

COM

between so

test

image image

and would

each be

categorized into nearest class.

- 39 -

The matrixes have an error value above them. 'Classify' and 'KNN Classify' functions have lower error values than others meaning more accurate. In the paper, the application's accuracy is about 90%, so these results are not satisfactory and still have some problem like stem thing, lack of diversity of leaf classes and so on. A lack of skill in programing, image processing factors in some way. I believe

the program will

get better as time goes on and my skills are upgraded. The first use of MATLAB and MATHEMATICA programs. Engineering programing course which is a primary subject of engineering school was a very helpful experience for learning those programs. It was not easy to learn a new program without proper guides, but as I tried to find functions I got better in dealing with it and feel comfortable now.

3. Everyday life in Drew, MADISON At that time I just arrived to JFK airport, I felt 'capitalismâ&#x20AC;&#x2DC; strongly. The relief that such a long period (it seemed endless) in a plane ended and there would be a dormitory welcoming us. I really didn't know that there was no free-WiFi at the airport. It was totally my fault that I didn't even search the way to the campus (I just knew that 'Taking NJ Transit Amtrak at Penn-station to Madison' for all) and transport system of New York. I didn't prepare anything. Anyway, being confused about useless smart-phone and unable to contact Prof. Kouh or Drew, I couldn't even decide whether should I go to Drew or stay in the airport. everything in the airport was for pay except for the use of restrooms and the fares of prices are quite high so I couldn't go out. How dare I do such a thing that may lead to an international person being lost? However, I got used to things as time went on. I went to the information desk and asked all about the way to Madison. Which means of transportation is better, bus or air-train whatever, and it comes out with that using Air-Train and metro is the cheapest way. Not familiar with U.S.A transportation system, I was so confused and

- 40 -

nervous. The Amtrak and subway fares, so many people in the airport and substation and a very big and heavy carrier in hand and backpack in shoulder. Finally ,I arrived at Madison station and Drew, I really regret being unconcerned of information. The dormitory was ordinary, neither good nor poor. The UNIST dormitory has 1st, 2nd and 3rd buildings and those areas, structure, and accomodations are different depending on the building. Among dormitories, I resided in Welch Hall. I used double room but alone without a roommate. Sharing a cookroom, rest room, and shower room were uncomfortable at first but got accustomed soon. Cooking with my ingredients from Korea and market in cookroom more than 3/4 meals, but it's burdensome to have meals everyday. In aspect of money and time, that was hard thing. Every morning I had to prepare rice in water, still sleepy. Moreover, vegetables and fruits are quite expensive while beef is very inexpensive. I just realized that I can get beef with surprisingly low price if I get a membership card of market the last week in Madison. In the USA, there are so many brands of markets and they have a membership policy which helps customers a lot. With a membership card, I got some goods for half price. Jet lag was the most difficult thing in the first week. I've never been in a region in which the time difference with korea like New York, before (The time difference between New York and Së&#x152;&#x20AC;ul is 13hours) so I didn't expect that much significant situation. I was exhausted at that time and that was chaotic! I was eager to go to bed during the day, and did stay up all night. The day and night was totally reversed for a while. Drew's campus is similar and different to UNIST. Small-size and with-nature campus was similarity except the kinds of animals appearing is somewhat different. In UNIST, there are wild pigs, snakes, and frogs while squirrel, rabbit, deer, and lightning bugs in Drew. Different mood like wild vs peaceful. I can't forget the lightning bug party in the way of my midnight walk. The bugs in Drew are distinct from bugs in Korea in aspect of light color and twinkling pattern. I was surprised to see lightning bugs in

- 41 -

other countries, at first, especially in America which I have a stereotype that its heavily

polluted. As time went on I got used to meet bugs every night and if there

were few or none, I felt somehow sad. Anyway, there is biggest dissimilarity between the two universities. Drew was developed on base of theology so science/technology part is relatively smaller than others. For example there were 1 to 5 graduates every year. That is so distinctive to us who are studying in science and engineering characteristic university. The buildings are like cottages or churches in a small village. The campus is like a village, cozy village. On the corridor wall of the Hall of Science, where our lab exists, there were marks of previous graduates and professors, teaching staff. Pictures of them in some events indicate how close they were regardless of age, status, etc. There might be some problems due to a small size of undergraduate studies (actually the experiment apparatus were old and worn out) but that friendly mood and campus environment were enviable. 4. Other things to do Drew is near Madison station and takes 10 minutes to walk there, and only 1 hour later, I can get to Penn station in New York. The transportation between Drew and New York is easy. There are many trains between those tow stations every hour even in midnight so not much restriction or inconvenience in NY touring. Every Saturday or Monday I went to NY morning and came back late night. When I arrived to my dormitory, I was tired to death. I walked around NY midtown and lower town all day long

and

visited

Central

Park,

MoMA,

Metropolitan

Museum, Wall Street, Union Square Park, Statue of Liberty, Brooklyn etc. I walked rather than taking the

- 42 -

metro because I enjoy walking and I thought at that time that 'When can I wander this city far from Korea within my composure like this?'. Walking through the most famous city is a refreshing thing not refreshing for my lungs though). One thing that disrupted my trip is the scorching sun. I was trying to visit almost every famous place and walk around every nook and coner. Everywhere, high-rise buildings with dry color wall (I could not see top of buildings easily), scattered park, jogging people existed. Maybe that image would be New York's one in my mind. However, among the dry colored city, there were several art museums like MoMA and Metropolitan Museum of Art. The entire museum was too much big to see around in a day. Luckily, during the internship period, there was Independence Day (July 4th) so I had get a chance to go to the huge, beautiful fireworks proceeding along the Hudson river. Also, I didn't prepare for this event, I could not watch the show from the best-veiw-point but it was beautiful. In a foreign country, alone, I watched the show of the country's national festival. That was a unique experience and I feel like really experiencing that country's culture. 5. For a Better in Life in Madison It was urgent preparation and flight to New York, so there were several regretful things. Lack of travel information and living information was important, but there were some specific things I realized as after arriving to the US. 'Oh, I must bringit from Korea!!!' First of those items is transformation adapter(변압 어댑터). That item was needed during the entire flight and stay in Taiwan airport, Japan airport, and America Airport(JFK airport). For me, who didn't prepare even the most basic part, about the first 3 days the professor did me a huge favor so Jun-il and I shared one adapter in rotation and finally I bought one with 12 dollars. Compared to price of 750 Korean won, that was much more expensive. Other things are Korean food like ramen, rice, and other spices. Like New York, LA, in the region that Korean town is well developed, Korean food is easily available to

- 43 -

get. However in Madison, there is no Korean town and even Korean restaurants. I recommend to bring as much Korean food as possible. For those who are really adapted to American salty and sweet foods that make the brain feel numb, there's no need. Frequently used stationary, household items are also recommended. For students who have to save money, paying for items which are lower quality and more expensive could be thought of as waste of money. Feeling the price in a foreign country is higher than domestic could be a reason. Anyway, Korean products have the best value .I also recommend bringing a cardigan or a long-sleeve shirt to keep warm from all the air conditioners. During my 8 weeks I made many relationships including: professor Jun-il who was senior that went to Drew, people from the Korean church, Adam from my lab, and many more. There were hard times but now it is all a learning point. I earned the skill of Matlab and programming, I furthered my knowledge in neuroscience research and my sight spread out widely, not restricted in only my major, energy and mechanics. It was a very helpful program for me helping become an expert in my major and I look around for potential in other fields. Moreover there are other advantages that I have not mentioned. I really want to thank Professor Gil-jin Jang who

made

the

connection

with

Drew,

Professor

Min-joon

International Center (UIC) helping in some burdensome processes.

- 44 -

Kouh

and

UNIST

□ Name: Roh, Hyung Dog (rhd1213@yahoo.co.kr) □ Host Institute: Georgia Institute of Technology □ Participating Program: UROP □ Study Period: June 18 ~ August 04, 2012 (7 weeks) I have been a junior since the start of the 2012 semester. For graduation I have taken numerous things into consideration in terms of the path of my life. Because I want to be a scholar or a researcher, I need some preparations for my future. Experiencing a laboratory in a foreign country was one of the goals among many others I have set for myself. I thought by going through various experiences I could broaden my perspective in my undergraduate studies. This is the reason why I applied undergraduate research opportunity program (shortly, UROP.) Thus, before I began research in Georgia Tech, I was full of hope and my heart fluttered. And after I finish this program, I felt a sense of accomplishment and glorious to work in the lab of Georgia Tech mechanical engineering department. In Georgia Tech, I worked for making the prototype of an aircraft landing flap wing. A flap is an adjuvant wing which is attached at the tailing edge of a wing. It helps changing the air flow near a wing and adjusting the angle of an airplane when it is landing or taking off. When the flap is beveled, the air flow goes in the direction of the surface of a wing including a flap. However, when it is canted to more than some degree, the air flow does not stick to the surface perfectly and this phenomenon lessens the efficiency of the flap. Thus, Boeing wants to increase the efficiency of a flap by an air flow running the surface of a wing closely as possible. With Boeing’s proposal, two labs in Georgia Tech began exploring this project, and one of these two was at prof. Colton’s lab which I was working in. The other lab is related to fluidic engineering. They make an Advanced Fluid Controller (shortly, AFC) and attach it at the leading edge of a flap. Their concept is this: An AFC creates vortices and they pass the surface of a flap. Then, the vortices draw an air flow onto the surface. With this principle, air flow, which stick to the

- 45 -

surface make an airplane land or take off in a short distance and time, endure heavier weight, reduce the time of landing and taking off, increase the efficiency of gasoline and bring lots of advantages. To verify how this idea draws many benefits, we can make a prototype of a flap and test in a wind tunnel. In this research, our lab provides the wing prototype to Boeing and the fluid research team. Switching gear into the reason why I chose this project, I wanted to manufacture something related to mechanical engineering and graft mechanical skills onto other fields as UNIST emphasizes fusion academies. Based on my desire, I thought that through this project, I could learn and deal with carbon fiber andrelate fluidic academy onto this project. Consequently, I succeeded to find the appropriate job in this project and feel accomplished in what I achieved what I was going for. During the research, our ultimate goal was making the smoothest prototype.. Thus, we explored and tried various methods to make the surface smooth enough not to hinder testing the effect of an AFC in the wind tunnel. A graduate student designed a flap with Solidworks to be suitable for the concept. My friend and I,Yoon Bo,did our best to produce the exact outcome as the CAD file. To make a wing, we make a mold with aluminum and lay carbon fiber plies up on it. Carbon fiber is easy to deal with and strong enough to endure impact although it is light. Epoxy with hardener is applied every time we lay each ply up. If we leave plies with epoxy about a day, it is hardened and shapes the flap. However, when it comes to cost reduction, we attempt numerous

methods

manufacturing

with

glass fiber which is only a quarter of cost rather than that of carbon. Figure 1 is a rough sketch which I used in our lab meeting that shows the side view of our designed flap. Blue circle with a straw on it is the AFC which creates vortices. Black

- 46 -

contour is the border of flap which is constituted of carbon fiber plies. We separate this wing into top part and bottom part regarding the tail edge as a criterion. At last, after each part is hardened, we attached both parts together. As we take the curvature of the bottom piece, the left side of the picture above, into consideration, it is a little bit difficult to make plies stick to the mold during its solidifying time. For this reason, we conceived several ideas. One of the concepts to make the complete trace of the flap we separated the curvature into two sections. We manufactured each section separately and joined them with glue. Plus, cutting each section needed to be sloped down45 degree downward point from the middle of the curvature. This is because we do not want to expose combined part with glue into the area where airstream directly crashes. When it comes to binding site, we were concerned about cutting area. We could cut it and attach them with the shape of a simple vertical line, diagonal line and zigzag line. All of them have different cons and pros in terms of accuracy, strength of binding and manufacturability. However, at last, this idea is denied, because our team did not want to split parts more and worried about the roughness and a gap between separated sections. Another idea, which was adopted to the final choice was putting an orthotic fitted to the inner side curvature. It not only supports the rounded part at the leading edge from the gravity but also let the stack of carbon fiber stick Figure 2. The experiments of different methods with glass fiber.

the

mold

very

well.

The

only

drawback of this concept is the additional cost for the supporter. However, it is very

cheap in relation to our budget and other components because it is only a thin aluminum bar. These are the reasons why we drew a conclusion that this method is the most proper for our project. Figure 2 on the left is the bottom part of aluminum mold with glass fiber. Before we found out which way is the most suitable for our

- 47 -

project, we experimented with shorter size and glass fiber, and they didnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t save a small amount of money. On this mold, we tried countless ways such as making a flat stack and move to the mold, directly applying epoxy on the mold, using a vacuum bag with a sheet of bleeder and breeder, using only a vacuum bag without anything inside, using a roller to squeeze epoxy out and so on. Among numerous means, the best thing was making a stack on the flat place and moving it to the mold. Plus, we used a roller to have the stack adhere to the mold without bubbles between them. After we finished deciding the method to make carbon fiber plates, we made a shorter scale prototype instead of making a full length prototype directly. Because it holds the possibility to avoid unexpected risks, acquires knowhow and reviews whether we are going in the right direction or not. Therefore, we made rims, drilled the plate to make holes, made trenches with a drummer for the path of pressure gauge stuff, planted sleeves inside the wing surface for pressure tabs, connected tubes to the sleeves and arranged real stuff in the wing. There is no difference between the length of the flap and with the actual prototype. By making the prototype for the real prototype, we underwent a few trials and errors. We must pay close attention to drill with designated diameter to make sure to procure deep enough trenches and arrange many tubes in order. We might regret and suffer too much if we had not assembled shorter prototype. Even though it is too simple and a fundamental principle that having a prototype beforehand, I keenly realized that prototype is indispensable for every aspect. I would like to introduce the process of making a carbon fiber flap in detail. First of all, as shown on Figure 3, we cut the carbon fiber fabric into 8 pieces with designated size. During cutting and moving plies, we had to be careful for fabric not to be untied. They are woven in vertical and horizontal way with each other and form cloth. However, if they begin to be loosed once, we might be

- 48 -

muddled and cannot recover them. Thus, we moved each ply by a long ruler and paid attention plies not to be overlapped up each other before using epoxy. In addition, 4 pieces among 8 of them were a little bit larger than others. Because, through the experience of shorter prototype, we realized that plies at bottom side and others at top side are dislocated while we adjust a stack to a proper place on the mold. Figure 4 in the bottom part represents the stack on the top mold. That plate will be the top part of the flap. Because the top plate has a smaller curvature than that of the bottom part, we directly piled the layers up on the mold instead of stacking on the flat place first. Plus, at the end, we moved the roller back and forth. Then, normal force is applied on the stack and excess epoxy is Figure 4. Drying the carbon fiber stack on the top mold to be hardened.

squeezed out. Through this step, we not only get rid of bubbles and gaps between inside

the stack but also let the plies stick to the mold to produce accurate outcome. Even though we prevented bubbles and tried to make the stack stick to the mold completely, we couldnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t keep off flaws as shown in left two pictures in Figure 5 on the next page. There are a few bruises on the surface. To recover these holes on the surface, we applied additional epoxy into them after the plates are all dried. We wait for the additional epoxy to be dried mostly a day, and fit the plate into the mold to make the epoxy construct our intended shape. Consequently, as shown on the right picture in Figure 5, holes are refilled and the surface is smooth enough. We can merely sand out excessive epoxy a little to balance the same level with other sections. While we were making a shorter piece wings, there was not a severe flaw on the surface like the middle picture in Figure 5. Only a somewhat rough surface and uneven smoothness were brought up. However, because of a longer scale and area of

- 49 -

Figure 5. Bruises on the outside surface of plates and their recoveries.

the wing, those faults are raised. We still could not find out the precise cause of big holes on the surface. We simply guess that they were created from the considerable volume of shrinking epoxy in the larger scale wing. In addition, when we squeeze epoxy a lot it causes bigger bruises. Thus, we carefully speculate that squeezing epoxy too much leads to the deficiency of it and triggers holes on the surface. Plates above were wider and longer than the original design. Extra areas were added on the mold and plies to deal with them easily. Having bigger parts is better than having a smaller scale. We could simply mark boundaries of real size and trimmed out extra parts. After setting the actual size, we marked points and lines of holes for pressure tabs and trenches. Then, we drilled and grinded them out in a machine shop. Unfortunately, this was the last work for us in the lab. At the beginning, our labâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s goal for us was completing a full length scale wing, but because of some delays of executive issues and parts delivery problems, we could not accomplish the planned mission completely. However, while carrying the assignment out at about 90%, we learned priceless and countless things. I experienced and watched the overall atmosphere of an engineering laboratory. This is all that I performed concerning the research. Even though, I could not finish and see the final prototype of the flap, I am happy to participate in the Boeing project. As far as I can tell, another strong point of doing a research abroad is having a chance to travel to foreign countries. I went sightseeing around Atlanta during some

- 50 -

weekends. I bought a Citypass, 5 attractions package in Atlanta, and went to the World of Coca-Cola, Georgia aquarium, CNN, High museum, Six Flags and etc. In the World of Coca-Cola, in one weekend, I saw the processes of making coke. There were many amazing machines making a great number

cokes.

Numerous

bottles

were

moving in a row systematically. Beside it, there Figure 6. In front of Georgia Aquarium.

was

aquarium.

globally

Distinctive

famous fish

and

huge marine

organisms from tiny size to huge ones were beyond count. There was an aquarium made in the shape of a tunnel. I could watch enormous fish around walls and a ceiling. As a highlight of the aquarium, there was a huge plain wall, which is a part of a fish bowl. It was so impressive in that I have not imagined that much giant fish tank. While moving to CNN, we found National African Festival in Olympic park. There were many stores selling accessories, foods, shirts and ornaments. I also watched a performance which dealt with African traditional ceremonies. After I enjoyed the festival, I went to a CNN building. Through a guide tour, I saw CNN workers working in their offices and studios. There were many computers and cameras. The most impressive thing in CNN tour was â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;studio 7â&#x20AC;&#x2122; which is more expensive than the whole building of CNN. There were countless lights, cameras and strong air conditioning systems. According to a guide, air conditioning systems must be strong, because the heat from lights is too hot. The next week after I went to CNN, I appreciated artworks in High museum. Past works were exhibited in a chronicle and regions. Different genres were separated in different levels. When I enjoyed them, I got to feel comfortable and eased my stress from the research. But in some artworks, I felt I could be an artist, because they

- 51 -

were too simple and looked too simple to make. In some future, when I am weary of studying, I might think of becoming an artist. Switching gear into Six Flags, it is an amusement park which has a lot of funny and scary rides. Before I rode the first roller coaster, I thought that I really enjoy riding dazzling rides. However, while riding the first one, my body got stiff and I was so fearful. American scale was so different from that of Korea. It was so long stiff downward path and too fast for me to endure fright. Plus, there were unseen new type rides such as a roller coaster running with standing on board and running with hanging our body under the ride. I was almost fall senseless because the park was so fun and amazing. I would like to visit this amusement park again when I marry my wife and have children in some time later. On the last day before I left Atlanta, I climbed Stone Mountain. It is constituted of stone instead of soil. It was so amazing that it is wholly stone and tremendously giant sculptures are carved on a huge stone wall. I was so refreshed when I reached the top and inhaled the air of uplands. I have never seen the mountain made of granite. There were many people enjoying their pastime and cycling. If I was living in Atlanta, I would probably visit this national park every month. It is the perfect place to exercise and refresh my mental and body. During the Undergraduate Research Opportunity Program in Atlanta, I learned and acquired enormous priceless things in terms of not only the academic but also the non-academic. First and foremost, I experienced the atmosphere of the laboratory in the United States. It was very free and easy to concentrate on the research very well. The professor did not interfere in our work in detail. He merely ordered what to do, verified our final products and gave us some advice. The drawback of this system is that my efforts could not be recognized if outcomes were not good enough even though I worked for a long time. My friend insists that this is unfair, because he wants to be compensated according to his working hours. However, in my opinion,

- 52 -

this was better, because it made me work harder and efficiently. When I finished my goal on some days, I could go home earlier than usual and enjoyed pastime. Secondly, I met several mentors, who are Korean graduate students from Georgia Tech. From them, I heard lots of advice concerning my studying, life, military service and so on. Thanks to them, I could not only think of a few cases as an engineer but also be grown up in terms of considering my future. As far as I’m concerned, people become mature as they pass through great and small incidents such as this program. This is because by meeting many people, living in different ways, we can broaden our perspective. Third, through sightseeing Atlanta made me feel happy. Since I was a little child, I felt good whenever I experienced something new. Until now, I want to see something different from my usual life even though they are too common and trivial in their hometown. I think this is because of my father’s intension from my childhood. He wanted me to meet something unseen and adapt to it in a short time. He thought that this is the one of ways to become strong enough to endure this arduous world Anyway, I think, I can widen my thoughts and creativity by confronting the new. Furthermore, by being in a different place and culture from my home of Korea, I can figure out learn how different people live in their own style. I want to watch others living their lives differently from me and induce some advantages and shortcomings from them. By reminding other’s thoughts, I can solicitude others more and make myself choose the best option. This is the best way to make my path of life better as far as I consider. At last, I perceived that there are uncountable hardships in one’s life. For example, even though our team planned to finish the project by I and my friend leave the lab, we could not make it. To order a part needed in the research, the lab must order them via a mechanical engineering executive office. Here was the problem. Although we requested narrow pipes earlier than our schedule, the office did not order them

- 53 -

until two days before our due date. Since pipes were not present in the lab, we could not conduct the next step. Because there are many departments and they are organized complexly, there are unsuspected obstacles on the way we are walking on. Meanwhile, from my point of view, this is the reason why our life is not tedious as well as we live passionately. Likewise, there is no doubt that working in Atlanta was a great chance for me and from that I gained personal development. Frankly, I was so confused about going to Atlanta, but I do not regret decision. Although, I am still young and have various things to learn, I am happy and satisfied whenever I feel I am growing step by step. If I can grab a chance to work in other place rather than UNIST, I would like to participate in it to make myself better. Additionally, next summer vacation in my senior year, I also want to apply for an internship in a private corporation. I am sure that there are countless things which I have not been aware of to learn. This is the reason why I am constantly craving for new challenges.

- 54 -

□ Name: Shim, Yoon Bo (standard911@unist.ac.kr) □ Host Institute: Georgia Institute of Technology □ Participating Program: UROP □ Study Period June 18 ~ August 04, 2012 (7 weeks) I want to introduce my UROP life at Georgia tech in Atlanta, USA. This report is going to cover not only academic life in lab but also culture in Atlanta what I feel during UROP. (As I got stolen my cell phone before leaving Atlanta just two days left, I’m very sorry that I cannot attach my pictures which were in my phone.) I saw the announcement for applying UROP when I was sophomore and I didn’t learn about major at all. Though I knew I’m not a proper student for a good research intern, I met Professor Park who provided chances for research internship in several foreign universities with my friend, Roh, hyung do. We decided that we will be back to him after one year because Prof. Park said that it would be too hard to enjoy intern life except major knowledge. As we didn’t forget, we met Prof. Park last semester and talked about UROP during summer vacation. Thankfully, he remembered us and finally we were chosen to go abroad for researching with Prof. Colton who is in Georgia tech. It was a hard work that preparing to enter USA for research internship. The most important thing for visiting USA was permission of VISA, I think. For VISA permitting, some documents are needed from UNIST and Georgia tech. Even though we were supposed to leave early of June, actual date of arrival was June 15

because

documents from Georgia tech were late. Also, interview at embassy is mandatory for VISA but it was simpler than I expected although process before interview was difficult.

- 55 -

I could take off and fly more than 14 hours with a huge bag. What I feel at the first time after arriving in Atlanta is hot. Of course, even though Korea is hot, Atlanta streets are full of haze. Prof. Park said that Atlanta has nickname which is â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;hotlantaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;. Unfortunately, my apartment is about 2 miles from MaRC (Manufacturing Research Center) building where I had to commute every day. This distance is about 40 minutes for walking, 15 minutes for riding a bicycle. Commuting by walking 40 minutes in Atlanta was a little bit hard work to me. After half of period, as I found a bicycle in my apartment garage, I rode a bicycle with full of happiness. At the very first day of our research period, I met Prof. Colton who is the director of the lab and Aaron who is a graduate student. Thanks to professor and Aaron, Hyung Do and I had our own seats in the office. And then, they introduced the laboratory where we were going to work during summer. I think the laboratory is pretty nice to work and research composite material. Finally, we saw huge machine rd

shop on the 3

floor which is similar to UNIST machine shop. I wondered that there

are much more machines and people than UNIST. More interest thing is that there is another big machine shop in the next building which name is MRDC (Manufacturing Related Disciplines Complex). We worked and manufactured several parts as moving MaRC, MRDC building. What we were going to research is the project that Boeing and Prof. Colton work together. Briefly explaining, the purpose of the project is reducing vortex at the wing tips. In order to reduce vortex, air flows from fowler flap which is the end part of wing artificially. Therefore, artificially flowing air cancels out vortex from wing tip. By using this theory, Aaron, Hyung Do and I made the prototype models which can be placed in a small wind tunnel. This prototype model would be made of carbon fiber which is not only light material but also strong enough to endure quite a big force. Before making the prototype model, we researched and found some information related to this project.

- 56 -

There are a few ways to make wing parts and we decided to divide four pieces which contain top, bottom1, bottom2, and door. The reason for dividing four pieces was that we could not manufacture wing as just one piece because we had to insert AFC (Active Flow Control) into the wing, so we needed the door for inserting later. However, we made the wings into 2 pieces at the final decision because we could make a bottom part as one and we thought that the door part is not necessary for nice shape. And then, we were looking for the best material for mold which will be used frequently. There are many materials such as urethane foam, wood, ceramic, metal and plastic and each material has advantages and disadvantages. We chose aluminum which is one of metal as mold material because it is hard to distort and it can be manufactured precisely using CNC machine and other nice machines. The one disadvantage is that it costs much than other materials. However, we could make the mold as aluminum because the size of the mold is not that big and it has high performance regardless of its cost. There are 3 machine shops where can make our mold design MaRC machine shop, MRDC machine shop, and GTRI (Georgia Tech Research Institute). We should find out which shop can manufacture the mold cheaper and faster. After 2 weeks from deciding the mold design, we could get the mold from MaRC machine shop. It took a little bit long time because we had to adjust the design of the mold. The machine in MaRC machine shop cannot contain whole mold. So, we redesign the mold that has just half length of original design. We could assembly two parts with screws however it might have little crack between two parts. This problem was solved as coating wax (candle) on gap. During waiting the mold, we reviewed design of the prototype model. In this step, we thought about slit which is gap between upper plate and bottom plate of the

- 57 -

model. Slit is the gap for airflow from Active Flow Control. Actually, even though slit is necessary for evacuating air stream, it is not helpful to obtain aerodynamic shape. If the gap is getting larger, we might obtain more inaccuracy data. Therefore, we should make slit as narrow as possible. In order to build up that kind of narrow slit, however, we should lay up the plate very thin layer. This thin part is measured about 2 layers of carbon fiber which is too thin to lay up by using only carbon fiber. So, we suggested several ideas to solve this contradiction first, join long-2 layers with short-8 layers after they are hardened by using glue. Second, lay them up together (long-2 layers and short-8 layers at the same time). Third, attach a visor at 10 layers (the material for a visor would be razor). Fourth, Cut 8-layer-thickness after making 10 layers. The last solution is changing AFC shape. After comparing these five optionsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; advantages and disadvantages, we chose two of them which are fourth and fifth. Other options have difficult after-work such as attaching a visor on AFC and the plate. We recognized that kind of accurate work can be done by human. It is also difficult job that cutting the plate remaining 2 layers, of course. If we chose fourth option for obtaining perfect performance, we should practice a lot for remaining 2 layers of whole thickness part. As receiving the mold which is made of aluminum, we started to lay up for making prototype model. I think this job was not quite easy but we enjoyed it because Aaron and Prof. Colton encouraged us as much as they can. At the first time, we practiced at the flat plate with glass fiber, because lay-up process on the flat plate is much easier and glass fiber is cheaper material than carbon fiber. Before leaving Korea, thankfully, Prof. Park gave us a chance to look how to make the plate which is made of composite material. So, we could get into the point when we saw the process that Aaron showed us which is a little bit different from what we saw in Korea. There are several methods to lay up composite materiallay-up with hand and roll with roller, lay-up with hand on the flat plate and attach to the mold, and

- 58 -

vacuum bag. When we practiced at the first time in Georgia tech, we used the first way without rolling because we didn’t order roller before realizing that it is necessary. The reason for rolling is squeezing bubbles remaining in resin. Aaron encouraged Hyung Do and me for practicing and obtaining good results. When we got the first work of which material is glass fiber, it was pretty good that it doesn’t contain much bubbles and it has proper strength. The process of lay-up is like this first, ready 8 pieces of glass fiber or carbon fiber. Second, mix epoxy and epoxy hardener with ratio 2:1 or 3:1. Third, apply epoxy on glass fiber one by one using hand and roller. Fourth, wait for hardening about one day. I think we did this process mostly after half of the period. We did practice manufacturing many prototypes before receiving the mold from machine shop as wellas researching another task. We should know not only how the prototype model works in small wind tunnel but also how it works when we adapt to a real airplane. Most of all, Prof. Colton wanted to concentrate fixing AFC in a real aircraft. There are various shapes of AFCs in the office for just prototypes. Though they have circular or rectangular, short or long shapes, the common feature is that they have very small size of air flow tunnel. So, it is a critical factor when adapting to a real airplane because AFCs’ size is too tiny to fit in a huge wing. There are several questions about fixing and adapting AFCs to real airplane wings. The first thing is what material is suitable for the AFC. It should be exposed like wing surface because AFC has to evacuate airflow to outside of the body. So, we thought that cockpit’s and direction signal bulb’s material are suitable for AFC because these materials are exposed at outside, too. And other materials’characteristics are found for selection which material is the best. The result of this question is PEEK is the most proper item that has high Young’s modulus, small thermal deflection and so on. The second question is how long AFCs can resist and endure at outside of an aircraft. We found that cockpit and direction signal bulbs can be used before they are crashed or

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broken. It means that there is no need to change parts unless a big accident is occurred. In this regard, AFC is semi permanent because they are made of similar material such as PEEK. It could be derived that we donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t need to make an effort to think about replacing AFCs because of its lifespan. Therefore, AFCs had better be fixed to wing not be made detachable for a safety problem. In this sense, we drew some pictures which present where we should install AFCs on a wing. We decided that we were going to use brackets for sustaining and fitting AFCs on between ribs of wing. If wing of real airplane is made of foam not ribs, additional holder could be installed and AFCs would be attached into holder. And the next problem of fixing AFCs on a real airplane is how to provide each AFC with air. We felt that this problem is hard to solve without exact features such as the amount of airflow, size of AFCâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s hole, volume of reservoir in AFC and so on. Frankly speaking, it would be an impossible task even if we have all knowledge of fluid mechanics. Anyway, as our goal was just making concept design, manifold system would be good rather than just using pipes for airflow because the end of a wing will obtain low pressure of air. As we can extract air pressure from jet engine, both left and right side of engine could get airflow easily through manifolds and pipes. And the last question is how to build up surface and its inside around AFCs. In order to solve this problem, two or three textbooks were needed which Prof. Colton introduced to us. Although these books are read when Prof. Colton was student like me, I could gather much useful information from these old books. We thought the method how to repair composite plys could be used to build up surface nearby AFCs. In the textbooks, when some cracks are occurred on the surface, cut that area and repair using similar material. In this regard, we could apply this concept project to a real airplane.

Aaron, Hyung Do and I decided to make two whole prototype models before one week from the end of the period. As some important parts of models such as slim pipes, carbon fiber, epoxy and tubes were not delivered for some reasons, we could

- 60 -

not help starting so late. Even though we knew that we cannot make it perfectly in short time, we did our best during one week. After one week from Monday, actually, we did make two fancy prototype models that contain all parts what are needed for wind tunnel experiment. There may be some problem such as blocking air problem though we finished tasks. I was very sorry that I cannot help wind tunnel experiment but I felt proud of finishing my job. During research internship life in Atlanta, Hyung Do and I toured some sights nearby Georgia tech and my apartment though research work occupied all week days. The most interesting place was Georgia Aquarium, I think. I heard that this aquarium is the biggest in the world and I saw it is very enormous place. In addition, there are some places to enjoy the aquatic creatures to touch and feel many underwater creatures and to watch a dolphin show. Fortunately, when we visited was middle of National Black Arts Festival. So, we could see very valuable art works and products. As some tourist attractions such as Coke Museum, CNN building, Georgia Aquarium and Olympic Park are gathered, we could travel just two days of weekend for walking. And we didnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t need to pay lots of money because there is City Pass which discounts prices of these attractions. I was very happy to stay in Prof. Coltonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s lab during this summer. He encouraged me and my friend a lot and helped to adapt life in Atlanta. Also, it was very valuable that talking when we ate lunch together. Another helper is Aaron. He taught us many things to do in laboratory. Even though I and Hyung Do are not such a good English speakers, he made an effort to give explanations every time. I want to say sorry and thank you to him. Again, thank you to Prof. Park who gave this valuable chance to me and my friend. And thank you to Miss Sohn for helping us during all processes. I want to thank Hyung Do, too. Finally, appreciate to my parents who support me every time as well as this internship period.

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□ Name: Park, Keong Hwan (ghksdl1991@naver.com) □ Host Institute: Georgia Institute of Technology □ Participating Program: UROP □ Study Period: July 16 ~ August 24, 2012 (6 weeks)

First Experience in Georgia Tech About Georgia Tech & Laboratory

This is story of UROP experience in this summer. I went to Georgia Institute of Technology. It is located in Atlanta, Georgia. The Georgia Institute of Technology is one of the nation's top research universities, distinguished by its commitment to improving the human condition through advanced science and technology. Georgia Tech's campus occupies 400 acres in the heart of the city of Atlanta, where 20,000 undergraduate and graduate students receive a focused, technologically based education. Accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS)*, the Institute offers many

nationally

degrees

are

recognized,

offered

the

top-ranked Colleges

programs. of

Undergraduate

Architecture,

and

Computing,

graduate

Engineering,

Management, Sciences, and the Ivan Allen College of Liberal Arts. Georgia Tech is consistently ranked in U.S. News & World Report's top ten public universities in the United States. Founded on October 13, 1885, the Georgia School of Technology opened its doors in October 1888 to eighty-four students. The School's creation signaled the beginning of the transformation of the agrarian South to an industrial economy. During its first fifty years, Tech grew from a narrowly focused trade school to a regionally recognized technological university. In 1948, the School's name was changed to the Georgia Institute of Technology to reflect a growing focus on advanced technological and scientific research. Women students were admitted in

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1952, and in 1961 Georgia Tech became the first university in the Deep South to admit African American students without a court order. In recent years, Georgia Tech has been a national leader in managing the global transition from an industrial economy to an information economy. Throughout its long history, Georgia Tech has always focused its efforts on preparing students to use their innovative skills and strong work ethic to solve real-world problems and improve the lives of people around the globe. From the world-famous "Ramblin' Wreck" fight song to the Ramblin' Wreck Parade held every Homecoming to the fun and festivities of RATS Week, the Tech campus is steeped in time-honored traditions that students embrace from generation to generation. This is one of picture of Georgia Tech. I participated in Georgia Tech Electronics and

Micro-System

Lab

(GEMS).

And

advisor is Hua Wang. He received his B.Sc. from Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, in 2003, and the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in electrical

engineering

from

the

California

Institute of Technology, Pasadena, in 2007 and 2009, respectively. During the summer of 2004, he was with Guidant Corporation (later acquired by Boston Scientific), working on accelerometer systems for implantable biomedical devices. In 2010, he joined

Intel

energy-efficient

Corporation. mm-Wave

His

work

communication

Intel link

included and

the

next-generation

broadband

CMOS

Font-End-Modules for Wi-Fi systems. In May 2011, he joined Skyworks Solutions, where he led the development of SAW-less integrated filter solutions for low-cost cellular-standard power amplifier Front-End-Modules. In spring 2012, he joined the School of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Georgia Institute of Technology as an assistant professor. Dr. Wang is generally interested in innovating and engineering mixed-signal, RF, and mm-Wave integrated systems for wireless communication and

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bioelectronics applications. He is a member of Sigma Xi, the IEEE Solid-State Circuits Society, and the IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques Society. I think, He showed clearly the superior ability of a professional. Laboratory life : This lab is located in the technology square research building. The lab is consists of four Ph.D students. I had visited the place for the first time. One man welcomes me with many warm smiles. His name is Micheal. He likes the Korea and already knows many Korean words. I was surprised and glad to hear that. He always comes and says ““덥다””, ““반가워요””. He is a very humorous person. Also, I received a lot of help from him. We can see above the picture, the structure of lab is very open. Also, the professor’s office is right next to the lab. I think, this position is useful to communicate with professors. It is different to our university. However, one disadvantage of structure is hard to concentrate the research, because of gallivanter. Most of people work from9:00AM to 7:00PM. After that time, they spend time on a vocationally activity. It is another difference from Korean atmosphere. Usually, Koreans work after 7:00 PM. It is very impressed to me that they work when have to do. So, I can do research to follow their atmosphere. Campus Life : The Georgia Tech campus is a dynamic and vibrant place, with a constant array of activities designed for students, faculty, staff, alumni, and visitors. From athletics to concerts and theater to lectures and social gatherings, there are always great things happening at Tech.

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Campus visitors and students alike have long enjoyed the variety of high-caliber performance choices available on the Tech campus. From classical and rock music and comedy acts at the Ferst Center to the wonderful comedies, dramas, and musicals produced by the student-run DramaTech Theatre, Tech performances are a hot ticket. And don't forget the exciting contests in football, basketball, baseball, golf, and many other NCAA Division 1 sports that have long been an integral part of Tech tradition. All these choices for leisure and entertainment are an ideal complement to the renowned work ethic of Georgia Tech students, who know how to balance hard work in the classroom and lab with fun activities outside the academic arena. Surrounding attractions : Atlanta is the capital of and the most populous city in the U.S. state of Georgia. Atlanta is the cultural and economic center of the Atlanta metropolitan area, home to 5,268,860 people and the ninth largest metropolitan area in the country. Atlanta is the county seat of Fulton County, and a small portion of the city extends eastward into DeKalb County. Atlanta was established in 1847 at the intersection of two railroad lines, and the city rose from the ashes of the Civil War to become a national center of commerce. In the decades following the Civil Rights Movement, during which the city earned a reputation as "too busy to hate" for the progressive views of its citizens and leaders, Atlanta attained international prominence. Atlanta is the primary transportation hub of the Southeastern United States via highway, railroad, and air, with Hartsfieldâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;Jackson Atlanta International Airport being the world's busiest airport since 1998. Atlanta is considered an "alpha(-) world city," and, with a gross domestic product of US$270 billion, Atlantaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s economy ranks 15th among world cities and sixth in the nation. Although Atlantaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s economy is considered diverse, dominant sectors include logistics, professional and business services, media operations, government administration, and

- 65 -

higher education. Geographically, Atlanta is marked by rolling hills and dense tree coverage. Revitalization of Atlanta's neighborhoods, initially spurred by the 1996 Olympics, has intensified in the 21st century, altering the city's demographics, politics, and culture. I visited two famous places, Georgia aquarium and Lenox mall. Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ll introduce to Georgia aquarium and its history first. In November 2001 Bernard Marcus announced his idea to construct an aquarium as a present to Atlanta that would encourage both education and economic growth. Marcus and his wife Billi visited 56 aquariums in 13 countries to research and design a structure, and finally donated $250 million toward Georgia Aquariumâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s construction. Major corporations including the Coca-Cola Company, Turner Broadcasting, Home Depot, UPS, AirTran Airways, AT&T, Georgia-Pacific, Time Warner, SunTrust and Southern Company contributed an additional $40 million. The corporate donations allowed the aquarium to open debt free. Marcus hired Jeff Swanagan, the then CEO of the Florida Aquarium, as the Georgia Aquarium's first employee in 2002. Swanagan had been credited with turning around the financially troubled Florida Aquarium during his tenure as CEO. Swanagan would become the Georgia Aquarium's founding president and executive director, and is largely credited with the creation of the aquarium. He oversaw every aspect in the creation of the aquarium, from the design of the structure to the procurement of animals for the exhibits. After 27 months and with 60 animal habitats, 16,400 square feet (1,520 m2) of ball room space, 2 food service kitchens, gift shops, a 4-D theater, an on-site restaurant, and a parking lot, the Georgia Aquarium opened first on November 21, 2005 to annual pass holders and then on November 23, 2005 to the general public. At $26 per adult, $21.50 for Seniors, and $19.50 for Children, the price of admission to the

- 66 -

non-profit aquarium is among the most expensive in the country. The aquarium has nevertheless far exceeded visitor expectations, welcoming its1 millionth guest on March 1, 2006, only ninety-eight days after opening. The aquarium sold over 290,000 annual passes for its first year, before sales were halted (to avoid a "private club" atmosphere, according to Swanagan). The Georgia Aquarium welcomed its three millionth guest on August 24, 2006, its five millionth on May 23, 2007, and its ten millionth guest on June 25, 2009. The Aquarium is an affiliate within the Smithsonian Affiliations program. Jeff Swanagan remained the president and chief executive of the Georgia Aquarium until 2008, when he departed to join the Columbus Zoo. He was succeeded as president by Anthony Godfrey. Godfrey had originally been hired by Swanagan in 2004 as the aquarium's chief financial officer. David Kimmel was named president in May 2010 after Godfrey resigned. Kimmel worked with Marcus previously when he was

the

director

project

management

for

Heery

International,

project

management company retained by the aquarium to develop the specifications and contracts for all firms associated with the creation and to oversee all phases of construction. This is the biggest aquarium in the world. There are so many kinds of fish and oceanic life. Another, the museum of Coca-Cola is near the aquarium. I didnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t go there. If I had more time, I would also want to go that museum. The figure on the next page is Lenox square. It is the largest shopping mall in Atlanta. There are many shops and food retailers. If you go there, you can see a diverse ethnic group. Most of shopper look affluent and enjoy a high quality life.

- 67 -

Other Comments : This

experience

motivation

researching and studying. This is first time I visited another college. Before I went to a foreign country, I thought that it is enough time to study. I am a frog in a pond. Also, I feel that I was always insufficient. I really recommend visiting another foreign country and participating anywhere, because, you can see wide world and have an insight about culture. But, if you join the UROP, youâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;d better study basic things. Also, 6 weeks is a short

time

for complete the project.

Another recommendation

participate over 2 months. Thank you for reading.

- 68 -

is you

very

should

□ Name: Choe, Subin (yj3937@unist.ac.kr) □ Host Institute: Georgia Institute of Technology □ Participating Program: UROP □ Study Period: July 16 ~ August 24, 2012 (6 weeks) My international training program is UROP program. I went to Georgia Institute of Technology research center, GEDC (Georgia Tech Electronic Design Center) In this internship program I entered in professor Wang's laboratory. His laboratory is focused on 'High frequency circuit design', so my internship program subject was also 'High frequency circuit'. The first day we met professor Wang and we chose our research subject. My internship program research subject title is 'Phase locked loop in CMOS, Low noise amplifier in CMOS and Low noise amplifier in SiGe'. First day we had lots of works because we had stopped by international student center for enroll exchange visitor. We made our student ID card called 'Buzz card'. We could enter buildings by using this card. Also, it is an

identification card in

Georgia tech. The second day, Professor Wang gave us each first review goal. First reviews subject is 'Studying about our main research subjects' such as basic research word, and circuit form, circuit composition, each devices in high frequency circuit design. It was initially difficult to learn all of the abbreviations such as CMOS, Low noise amplifier. This GEDC lab was my first lab experiment so I tried hard to learn. The first week was a bit slow.In this internship program, we needed knowledge about CMOS, but in our school course we could learn about CMOS , when we were juniors in college. So I stopped reading CMOS paper and started studying about

- 69 -

CMOS and basic circuit theory. Before leaving Korea, I bought an electronic circuit book and I brought it with me. The professor gave us just two weeks to get ready for the first review. I studied very hard, but I couldn't read many papers. In Georgia Tech, we could use wifi internet to use our Buzz card. We could download almost paper pay free in Georgia Tech. I found many papers in IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) and ISSCC (International Solid State Circuits Conference). These two Institutes are very famous and have strong public confidence. So I always found papers from these two institutes. At my first review, I presented about basic information about my subject, such as 'Why this research is important', important devices, circuit design form and 'my goal of this internship program and what I want to achieve in this internship program.' My first presentation was not perfect - this presentation was my first presentation in the laboratory, so I got lots of feedback. Professor Wang & Dr. Lim advised me on many things. I think that I found many papers and refer to that. But they said that 'Your reference paper is too little to present to us'. So I had a better idea as to what they wanted in future papers. My second weekend in America, we went to Atlantic Station in Atlanta because of my birthday. We saw the movie 'Dark Knight with Georgia tech lab doctor Michael Kroger. He is our first friend in America. Also he is our best friend in America. He is very kind and he helped me many in many ways such as in my literature research, laboratory life, and everyday life And he likes Korea very much because his Georgia Tech best friend is Korean and he worked at Samsung four years prior.

- 70 -

He likes Korean culture and he can read Korean and he sometimes told us using basic Korean word. On the third week we went to a laboratory informal camping. We also went went to a national park in North Atlanta. Professor Wang is Chinese, and two Chinese people, one American, one Czech , three Koreans (UNIST UROP members) all cowork in professor Wang's lab. So professor Wang arranged a multinational food, such as Korean LA rib, Chinese beer, American style steak. We ate various kinds of food. And we went canoeing in national parkâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s river. This river is very famous in Georgia, so many people enjoy swimming there. This lab camping was fantastic and very fun. Before laboratory informal camping I felt awkward to talk with laboratory people except Michael. But I approached laboratory people during this camping For my fourth week I arranged a second review presentation. My

second

presentation

goal

was

'apprehend tendency of circuit performance and suggest how we establish circuit design goal'. <Photo 1> Laboratory informal camping in national park

For my second review presentation I found

almost one hundred papers about my subject. In this process I could learn about each researchâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s characteristic and get a well enough understanding each papers results. My subject is high frequency circuit. Other important things to consider are just frequency but also frequency synthesizer area, we power consumption, phase noise, frequency, tuning range and CMOS size. High frequency and low power

- 71 -

consumption, large tuning range and low phase noise is our research goal. And many researchers are improving these facts. In this process I can know about each technologyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s limitation. In high frequency area almost papers treat near 60GHz area. Near 60GHz area power consumption value is almost zero, and phase noise is very low. And tuning range is very large. From 2005 to 2011 papers result values are not far different. Result values are almost the same. So I think that near the 60GHz area technology is saturated. I present from 2005 to 2012 high frequency synthesizer and low noise amplifier papers result value tendency. And I suggest how can we establish a research goal when we design high frequency circuits. I think the second review presentation was perfect. Professor Wang received satisfaction and he admired my second review presentation. He said that I satisfied his expectation. In the fourth weekend we took a

break, so we went to Lenox Mall. Lenox Square is

very big shopping mall. There are over one hundred store in Lenox Square. I went to the Apple shop, Abercrombie & Fitch shop, Lacoste shop, Polo shop and many luxury shops. I bought many clothes and gifts. Fourth week in America, I arranged second review presentation. My second presentation goal was 'apprehend tendency of circuit performance and suggest how we establish circuit design goal'. I found almost one hundred papers about my subject. For second review presentation I found almost one hundred papers about my subject. In this process I can learn about each researches characteristic and I get well enough understanding each papers results. My subject is high frequency circuit. So Almost Paper is bothered how can make high frequency. And how can receive high frequency data. But important thing is not just frequency. In high frequency synthesizer area, we should consider power consumption, phase noise, frequency, tuning range and CMOS size.

- 72 -

High frequency and low power consumption, large tuning range and low phase noise is our research goal. And many researchers are improving these facts. In this process I can know technologies limitation. In high frequency area almost papers treat near 60GHz area. Near 60GHz area power consumption value is almost zero, and phase noise is very low. And tuning range is very large. From 2005 to 2011 papers result values are not far different. Result values are almost same. So I think that near the 60GHz area technology is saturated. I present from 2005 to 2012 high frequency synthesizer and low noise amplifier papers result value tendency, and I told my opinion and analysis about these tendency. And I suggest how can we establish research goal when we design high frequency circuit. I

think

second

review

presentation

was

perfect. Professor Wang received satisfaction and <Photo

Paper

result

value

arrangement

In the fourth weekend we took a

presentation.

admired He

said

my that

second I

review

satisfied

his

expectation. break, so we went to Lenox Mall. Lenox Square

is very big shopping mall. There are over one hundred store in Lenox Square. I went to the Apple shop, Abercrombie & Fitch shop, Lacoste shop, Polo shop and many luxury shops. I bought many clothes and gifts. I could get rid of stress through shopping. During that week we went to the

Georgia

Aquarium. Georgia Aquarium is the biggest aquarium in the world. Fourth weekend, we went to Georgia Aquarium. Georgia Aquarium is biggest aquarium in the world. <Photo 3> Lenox mall clothes store

- 73 -

I was surprised because of the size of the aquarium. World top class size is no joke. There were many people in the aquarium. This aquarium is also famous because of a dolphin show. But unluckily we couldn't see the dolphin show, but tickets were sold out. I saw many kind of fish and marine fauna. We needed much time to look around all of aquarium. It was a very good experience. In the final week in America we did a final review.

finished

almost

internship

program goal.I started studying about overall fact in high frequency circuit. Before my two presentations, I just compared each same factors, such as this paper circuit's power consumption and that paper circuit's power <Photo 4> Georgia aquarium

consumption, and compare each frequency.

But the Professor said each fact is important but we can't find appropriate comparing each one factor. We should compare the overall factor to use the figure of merit equation. So I studied about the figure of merit. If the figure of merit value is high that is good efficiency circuit. So in my final review presentation I arranged total tendency of circuit and comparing their results to using figure of merit equation. Figure of merit is standard equation for comparing circuit quality. In final review I presented figure of merit equation and find best figure of merit value paper and I did research about the best figure of merit paper team's research foot print. I think recent paper's figure of merit is best. Recent frequency synthesizers can

- 74 -

make near 130GHz frequency. But this circuit's efficiency is not good. It needs ahigh power consumption and this circuit have narrow tuning range. But near 60GHz frequency the synthesizer have good efficiency. It needslow power consumption almost zero, and large tuning range, and low phase noise. Figure of merit equation consider over all fact in circuit. So, before saturated technology circuit had a high figure of merit value.

<Photo 5> Comparing Figure of merit

After the final review presentation, the professor thanked because he thought I always did my best and finished his assignment perfectly. I was also very thankful to him. He is a very busy person. But he always helped me in my research and he was not annoyed by me when I had a question about papers. He always considered our American laboratory life. The final review presentation was our final day in Georgia Tech. I felt so bittersweet feeling. I gave a farewell present to Michael. My present is Korean style charm. In the final meeting, professor Wang told us some advise and we said goodbye. I think this internship program experience was very useful to me. Georgia Tech Electric Circuit Design Center is my first laboratory. I learned many thingssuch as research posture, some knowledge about circuit, and their sense of responsibility.

- 75 -

Their research posture is very professional. And I also feel the need of improving my English level. My English is too poor for free communication with native speaker. I gained a lot more than I thought I was going to through this program.

- 76 -

□ Name: Kim, Soon (ks921026@unist.ac.kr) □ Host Institute: University of Michigan - Dearborn □ Participating Program: UROP □ Study Period: June 04 ~ August 13, 2012 (10 weeks)

I have been to University of Michigan Dearborn in U.S for 10 weeks as part of the UROP program. During this period, I experienced so many things.. As our semester system changed to quarter system, summer vacation became longer than the past, so I could stay longer and learn more which was an extra bonus. Life in Americast

I arrived to Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County airport in U.S on 1

June. However,

the airport is not located in Detroit even though the word ‘Detroit’ is used. Detroit Metropolitan Wayne Country airport is located in Romulus which is a small city near Detroit in Michigan. When I arrived at the airport, I was worried because I was alone. However, I didn’t have to do anything to survive. Although I was scaredto speak English, I asked people how I could go to hotel where I was supposed to stay. Since American people were kind and helpful, I arrived to the hotel by airport taxi without any problem. This was my first day of American life. After two days, I left my hotel and I went to house located on Dearborn. In this house, I had stayed for 10 weeks and lived with two roommates, they were Indian and Greek. Also there was a tenant whose name is Linda (she is an American). When I went to the house at first, she taught me rules I had to follow. Because of their help, I could adjust America life fast. Fortunately, my Indian roommate graduated from UMD (University of Michigan, Dearborn), he knew the university very well. Therefore, I could get a lot of information from him such as: names of buildings, how to make a student card and a debit card, and restaurants near the college etc. In the first week, it was hard to adjust in America because of English. However, it

- 77 -

was not a problem for long as time passed. During that time, my English skills had increased so much by talking with people and watching TV. It was more helpful because I came there alone. When I had stayed for 10 weeks in U.S, I had met only two Koreans. One was a professor in UMD, and the other one was a waitress in a Japanese restaurant. Except for these two people, I had always spoken in English to talk with others. I had also a problem about food. I could not eat many kinds of food because most American foods were too fatty and expensive. Therefore, I had exercised every day and ate a little bit. On weekends, I always ate sushi in a Japanese restaurant. It was really delicious. During summer vacation in U.S, I also went on several trip because I thought it would be a very valuable opportunity for me. At first, I went to Ann Arbor from Dearborn by a train. I used the Amtrak train. Amtrak is similar with KTX in Korea. The reason I went to Ann Arbor is because there is University of Michigan-Ann Arbor. Dearborn campus is a branch school of Ann Arbor campus. Ann Arbor campus was so great, beautiful and large. Also I could see many Asian people in Ann Arbor.

Fig 1. Amtrak

Fig 2. Megabus

I stayed in Ann Arbor for a day, and I also went to Chicago from Ann Arbor by using the Megabus (Fig 2). Chicago was wonderful. There were many high buildings such as Willis Tower. Also I visited many museums, saw a lake, and ate lots of delicious food. I stayed in Chicago for two days in a hostel. There, I met new friends from California and Australia. I cannot forget those two days in Chicago. Also, I went to New York and New Jersey by an airplane in July. I visited Manhattan and West point (US Military Academy). I went to many places using various transportations,

- 78 -

which means I had adjusted very well as time passed. Actually, I wanted to go on a trip to Miami. I also visited some places in Dearborn such as Henry Ford Museum, and Green Ford Village. Dearborn is a famous city for where Henry Ford was born, so there are many things about Ford, and many people live in Dearborn also work for Ford company, so I could see many cars made in Ford. Look at below pictures.

Fig 3. Ford Company in Dearborn

Fig 4. Henry Ford Museum in Dearborn

-What is UMD?The University of Michiganâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;Dearborn is one of two regional campuses of the University of Michigan. The main campus in Ann Arbor, an internationally recognized and celebrated center for education and research, is located just 35 miles west of the UM-Dearborn campus; the other regional campus is in Flint. While governed by a single publicly elected Board of Regents, each campus has a unique mission, suite of academic programs, and identity as one of the 15 public universities of the State of Michigan. Each receives a separate appropriation in the state budget.

Fig 5. UMD Symbol

Fig 6. Student Center of UMD

- 79 -

Originally known for its elite engineering and management programs, UM-D now offers over 90 academic majors, 28 masters degree programs, and 3 doctoral degree programs

across

all

disciplines.

Both

the

College

Computer

Science

and

Engineering and the College of Business have been designated as some of the best programs in both the nation and region. A part of the Metro Detroit region, UM-D is also known for its community engagement within the city of Detroit, and is part of The Coalition of Urban and Metropolitan Universities. The first movement toward what was to become The University of Michiganâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;Dearborn began with some studies in the middle 1950â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s of manpower supply conducted by Archie Pearson, director of training for Ford Motor Company. Convinced that serious shortages were looming for the Company in qualified, college-trained engineers and junior administrators, he made discreet inquiries of educational institutions in the Detroit area concerning their willingness to adjust their programs to meet these needs. The announcement on December 17, 1956 of a gift of land and capital development money from the Company to the University made it obvious that the focus of the agreement between the two was the building of an upper-division and masterâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s level campus of the University which would adopt the cooperative work-study requirement as a part of its regular degree program in engineering and business administration. The University was to provide the regular professional and liberal arts courses necessary to a University of Michigan bachelor's or master's degree, with the co-op work assignments forming an integral addition to the regular academic requirements. UM-Dearborn opened as the Dearborn Center of the University of Michigan on September 28, 1959. The 1969 report of the Dearborn Campus Planning Study Committee, appointed by University Vice President for State Relations and Planning Arthur Ross to consider the future of the campus, recommended the addition of the first two years to become a full four-year institution and the expansion of non-coop programs it recommended

- 80 -

other changes as well, most of which were implemented in 1971 to give the campus its present structure. It became at that time a four-year undergraduate institution (newly

designated

"The

University

Michigan-

Dearborn")

with

continued

commitment to some master's level graduate programs, having a Chancellor as its chief executive officer two years later, the old divisions became schools and colleges, and the Division of Education ("Urban Education" for the first few years) was created, with each of the major academic units headed by a dean. The first Chancellor of the UM-Dearborn, Dr. Leonard E. Goodall, was appointed in July, 1971. After that watershed change in 1971, UM-Dearborn grew rapidly from just under 1,000 students to over 6,000 in 1979. During this period there was a scramble just to supply the courses and facilities needed to accommodate the soaring student population. New faculties were added at the rate of 10 to 20 per year, and the face of the campus changed as a new set of buildings (the former University Mall now remodeled as the University Center, the Fieldhouse, and the Library) was planned and constructed to the south of the original four buildings. By April 1981, when the new library building was dedicated, the population center of the campus had shifted to this newly developed area. Ironically, however, these years of expansion also ushered in a period of severe retrenchment, when the debt burden of the new structures coincided with a recession and cuts in state aid to the campus. Dr. William Jenkins, appointed as UM-Dearborn's second Chancellor in 1980, took the helm at the beginning of what may be called the institution's "Years of Consolidation." Several developments in campus organization, administrative personnel, and academic offerings have highlighted what might be called the "Years of Redirection," from about the time of the inauguration of Chancellor Blenda Wilson (1988) to the present. At the center of this "redirection" has been a program of strategic planning, initiated in the summer of 1990 and reinforced by planning retreats for the whole campus in

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the fall terms of 1990, 1991 and 1992. A new campus mission statement arose out of the first retreat which rearticulates UM-Dearborn's commitment to providing an experience

academic

excellence

for

diverse

body

students

from

the

metropolitan Detroit area, encouraging full community attention to the traditions of free intellectual inquiry, critical thinking and ethical behavior through interactive teaching, research, creative and applied scholarship, and service. From the second retreat emerged the principal points of a set of learning goals for undergraduate students. Under Chancellor Little, the campus community reaffirmed its intention to pursue doctoral programming, to explore the possibility of on-campus housing, to review undergraduate programs and to focus attention on diversity. The most recent self-study for continuing accreditation by the Higher Learning Commission (formerly the North Central Association) focused on each of these areas and provided summaries of the current status of each of these ongoing efforts. UM-Dearborn was accredited for ten years in 2004 and was authorized to offer doctoral programming. In the spring of 2008, facility planners at University of Michigan Dearborn began to consider adding a dormitory building to the campus for undergraduate students. The school is currently a commuter school. The school issued an online survey to gain information about what the students felt would be the best option. The dormitory would be aimed at encouraging students to stay on campus full time to provide a better college environment feel. The aim would also be to gain additional students from around the state and country. The addition of dorms could also serve to ease the parking situation which has become a large problem for students especially in the peak hours for class. On January 28, 2011, local reporter Jessica Carreras tweeted that student housing would be built in old office buildings just east of the university's main campus. In November 2008, the University of Michigan board of regents approved the establishment of Ph.D programs in information systems engineering and automotive

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systems engineering in the UMâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;Dearborn College of Engineering and Computer Science beginning in Fall 2009. In February 2009, the regents approved an Ed.D. program at the UM-Dearborn School of Education, designed to provide the citizens of southeastern Michigan with a program that is well-matched to the economic, social and political challenges that face our region. In 2009, UM-Dearborn welcomed its fourth Provost and Vice Chancellor for Academic Affairs, Dr. Catherine A. Davy. Two new buildings, the Science Learning and Research Center (just west of the Science Building) and the Institute for Advanced Vehicle Studies are now operational. The campus of the University of Michiganâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;Dearborn is divided into several sections: The Henry Ford Estate, known as Fair Lane, The Fairlane Center, Main Campus, and recently has expanded the Early Childhood Education Center just south of campus. In 2

addition, the University boasts over 70 acres (283,000 m ) of nature preserve and a bird observatory, the Rouge River Bird Observatory[1], which has operated on campus since its founding in 1992. Main Campus includes the facilities for the College of Arts, Sciences, and Letters (CASL), the College of Engineering and Computer Science (CECS), the Environmental Interpretive Center, Administration, the Mardigian Library, the Institute for Advanced Vehicle Studies, the University Center, the Computing Building, and the Field House. Within both CASL and CECS, many different buildings house different programs, departments, research centers, student life centers, and academic resources. There are currently no dormitories on campus Fig 7. Fair Lane Fair Lane the nature preserve west of campus are along the Rouge River. There is a small waterfall, rose garden, meadow, a lake, and reflecting pond surrounded by acres of forest. The forest has many walking paths which connect the Environmental Interpretive Center,

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Henry

Ford

Community

College,

Downtown

West

Dearborn,

Hines

Drive,

the

University's Main Campus, and Fair Lane together. Fair lane recently has been handed over to Edsel and Eleanor Ford House. The Edsel Ford Estate will put forth restoration efforts which will cost 50 million dollars or more. The majority of the funding will go towards full home restoration and grounds preservation. The project will open up rooms which had been unavailable to public tours before. - My student life in CLAMP LAB of UMDI worked for 10 weeks in CLAMP (Center for Lightweighting Automotive Materials and Processing) lab where I studied composites. My advisor was so nice. He always gave me advice, helped me, and said hello. Fig 8. CLAMP main laboratory Especially, he invested in lots of equipment used

for

making

composite

and

testing

specimens. Thus, I could do many experiments without any worry. Finally, I could get good results. He also gave me assignments such as summary of papers which I read. I could learn so many things about materials , solid mechanics, and fracture under his teaching. Graduate students had also helped me many times. All the specimens that I used in this experiment were made by injection molding, but different conditions. Especially I focused on the effect of melt and mold temperatures. However, the specimens were made in a couple of years ago, so they have absorbed some amount of moisture, which made the specimens more ductile. In order to reduce the tendency of ductile, I dried all the specimens, but in different two dry conditions 82Ë&#x161;C for three-days, and 90Ë&#x161;C for a day. When I used former condition, I could eliminate much moisture than when I used latter condition from the specimens. As I analyzed flexural strength and modulus by doing three-point flexural test, it was

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found that only mold temperature affected on flexural moduli. The specimens made in higher mold temperature had higher flexural moduli. Also I could analyze the difference between compression and tensile parts in fracture surface by using a SEM microscope. -What I learned in UROP?Although the duration was short, the opportunity that I had lived in the US was so valuable for me. I could learn how I could live in a foreign country and knowledge that I coul not learn in Korea. This program made me think about my future life and dream and suggested the way I would like to go. As I had worked as an intern, I had also experienced as a graduate student faster than others. Finally, Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;m really thankful to professor Yongbin Park who gave me this opportunity, Cherin Sohn who helped me so much to go to the U.S, and professor Mallick who had taught me lots of knowledge for 10 weeks.

- 85 -

□ Name: Kim, Yubin (luckydbqls@gmail.com) □ Host Institute: University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill □ Participating Program: UROP □ Study Period: June 14 ~ August 10, 2012 (8 weeks)

Fig1. Logo of UNC

Fig2. Picture of UNC

Carolina’s vibrant people and programs attest to the University’s long-standing place among leaders in higher education since it was chartered in 1789 and opened its doors for students in 1795 as the nation’s first public university. Situated in the beautiful college town of Chapel Hill, N.C., UNC has earned a reputation as one of the best universities in the world. Carolina prides itself on a strong, diverse student body, academic opportunities not found anywhere else, and a value unmatched by any public university in the nation. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, the nation’s first public university, serves North Carolina, the United States and the world through teaching, research and public service. They embrace an unwavering commitment to excellence as one of the world’s great research universities. The mission of UNC is to serve as a center for research, scholarship and creativity and to teach a diverse community of undergraduate, graduate and professional students to become the next generation of leaders. Through the efforts of our exceptional faculty and staff, and with generous support from North Carolina’s

- 86 -

citizens, they invest our knowledge and resources to enhance access to learning and to foster the success and prosperity of each rising generation. They also extend knowledge-based services and other resources of the University to the citizens of North Carolina and their institutions to enhance the quality of life for all people in the State. With lux, libertas â&#x20AC;&#x201D; light and liberty â&#x20AC;&#x201D;as its founding principles, the University has charted a bold course of leading change to improve society and to help solve the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s greatest problems. From UNC, I did an internship project about nano-channel fabrication research from th

June to 10

August.

In this report, I will demonstrate my UNC life in views of experiments and cultural things. In the experiments part, I will present my whole lab works as form of RSC journal. I think that it can be a great chance to learn the proper way to demonstrate my experimental purpose and result. In lab condition part, I will introduce their general behaviors in group meeting time and in experimental thinking. In culture part, I will show some cultural shocks I got at fraternity house and also introduce great reactivity such as fishing at lake, shooting gun, cooking out and etc. So from now on, I will demonstrate about laboratory works at UNC as a research collaborator in form of Journal style. From now on, I will introduce general behavior of UNC researcher in group meeting and in experimental thinking. In group meetings, I felt that the general conditions are almost the same with Korea. They had hard debates about interpretation of experimental results. The only difference was that their English was so fast. At the first meeting, it was hard to follow all the debating, but after a month, it was really easy to follow up and finally I could also debate with them at the end of group meetings. In experimental thinking, there is a big difference between UNC people and us. In Korea, we just buy complete experimental machines from a company as paying a

- 87 -

high cost. But in UNC, they didnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t buy complete machines from a company but just bought components and assembled it by themselves. After that they operated it using Lab-view program which module the all components for their own purpose. So compared to purchase complete machine, it is not only cheap but also ideal for users who assemble it. Fig3 shows patch clamp which measures the current and voltage. Franklin, who is my research collaborator, and I fabricate and utilized it by ourselves. It was quiet hard but I found it very useful to assemble and set up some machine by myself. I felt that I can be a good engineer. From next page, I will show a journal type paper about UROP works.

Studies of Surface Charge Governed Ion Transport in Polymeric 2D Nanofluidic Channels Abstract Here we demonstrate basic studies of surface charge governed ion transport in PMMA based 2D nanofluidic channels. When we fabricated our chip, we used our cost effective method which is five times cheaper than UV-NIL machine. In experiment, we measured conductance in nanochannels using axo patch instrument.

Introduction From early 2000s, nanoscale fluidic channels show new field in the study of ion transport. Advances in fabrication of nanoscaled "lab-on-a-chip" type devices(1, 2) raise fundamental questions about influence of surfaces on ion transport. In 2004, Stein et al. published a paper "Surface-Charge-Governed Ion Transport in Nanoflidic Channels"(3). It was meaningful in the point of first study of influence of surface charge in nanoscale fluidic channels. However they didnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t use two dimensional nanochannels but use just one dimensional nanochannels. So it had limits to demonstrate influence of surfaces on ion transport in 2D nanochannels. Herein, we demonstrate studies about ion transport in the 2D nanoscale regime, and specifically indicate the role of surface charge in governing conductance at low salt concentrations.

- 88 -

Polymer-based chip has garnered a big attention due to the low costs of material and fabrication. Many cost effective polymer-based chip fabrication has been developed including casting and hot embossing method (4-7). From them, UV-NIL method has been focused due to high throughput and high resolution(8). But machine operating UV-NIL is quiet expensive so purchasing it is uncomfortable. Here we present cost effective method for fabricating polymer-based chip. Simply we separated UV-casting step and nano-imprinting step from UV-NIL. It means that casting stamp from silicon master using UV resin and imprinting stamp pattern on polymer using hot-embossing are done by two different machines.

Cheap UV lamp and small hot-embossing machine

can substitute expensive UV-NIL machine. It looks inconvenient that dividing one step to two steps but in the point of cost, it can save much money around five times lower than UV-NIL. From now on, we will demonstrate surface charge governed ion transport in polymeric nanofluidic channel.

Experimental Materials Poly(methyl methacrylate) were purchased from PLASKOLITE, INC (Columbus, OH, USA), Buffer solution was 1M potassium chloride (KCl), 10 mMTRIS, pH = 8.0 and given by university of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (Chapel Hill, NC, USA), Axo patch 200B amplifier

for measuring conductance was purchased from Molecular devices

(Sunnyvale, CA, USA), Hex03 thermal embossing system was purchased from Jenoptik Mikrotechnik (Jena, Germany) , HBO 50 UV lamp was purchased from Carl Zeiss, INC (Jena, Germany), 0.2mm silver wires for fine measurement was purchased from Harvard Apparatus (Holliston, MA, USA) and for making silver chloride wire we use Clorox bleach solution (Pleasanton, CA, USA). Design of Chip and Fabrication Method Our chip was fabricated by following steps. First, 50µmⅹ0µm depth micro channels are patterned using photolithography on silicon wafer. On this silicon wafer, 100nmⅹ00nm nanochannel is patterned using focused ion beam. For casting this pattern, we pour UV-resin on patterned silicon wafer and expose UV for 5 min. Then, we put casted UV-resin stamp upon PMMA substrate and did hot embossing to transfer pattern on PMMA substrate. As you see fig.1, in one chip, there are two microchannels (50µm ⅹ0µm) and one nanochannel (100nmⅹ00nm) Measurement After filling both microchannels and nanochannel with KCl buffer, we insulated silver

- 89 -

chloride wires to opposite holes of chip. Two silver chloride wires were used as electrode. When voltage is applied, current will flow through nanochannel. Then Axo patch instrument can detect current and measure it. Axo patch instrument can be controlled by personal computer (PC). Schematic illustration is provided in fig.2.

Result Fabrication of chip SEM images of nanochannel is provided in fig.3. From silicon master, UV-resin stamp was casted well using cheap and simple UV-lamp. PMMA substrate had clear and well-defined nanochannel pattern transferred from UV-resin stamp. There were no collapsed regions in nanochannel. From this, we could confirm that at least in 100nmⅹ 00nm 2D nanochannel, our cost-effective method works well. Conductance of nanochannel on chip We measured changing of currents as increasing voltage (from 0 to 50Mv, step with 5mv)

though

nanochannels

chip.

Then

using

the

equation,

G=IV

Conductance(Ω ), I : Current (A), V : Voltage (V)), we calculated conductance of nanochannels. KCl concentration was set from 0.01 M to 1 M and we tried three times for each concentration. Fig.4(a) shows definite straight lines for each concentration. Square of correlation of coefficient are higher than 0.9998 in three lines. Slopes of each line mean conductance. Fig.4(b) shows

behaviour of conductance as increasing KCl concentration. It looks

increasing but it is hard to define behaviour using three data points.

Conclusion We expect that our basic studies of surface charge governed ion transport in polymeric nanofluidic channels can be fundamental knowledge for application of nanochannel such as

colloidal

suspension

and

biological

polymer

sequencing.

And

hope

our

cost-effective method to be helpful for researchers.

Discussion It needs much more data to get certain behaviour of conductance. We need to expand concentration range as future works. In our cost-effective methods, 100nmⅹ100nm scale may not enough to satisfy needs of researcher. We will try smaller size to get perfect nanochannel below 10nmⅹ10nm scale.

- 90 -

Acknowledgement I specially thank to prof.CHO and UNIST to admit Undergraduate Research Opportunity Program (UROP), Dr. Soper to invite me as a research collaborator, Franklin Uba to help with the fabrication of devices and training me on experimental methods.

References 1.

H. Cao et al., Applied Physics Letters 81, 174 (2002).

N. R. Tas et al., Nano Letters 2, 1031 (2002/09/01, 2002).

D. Stein, M. Kruithof, C. Dekker, Physical Review Letters 93, 035901 (2004).

F. Garnier, B. Bouabdallaoui, P. Srivastava, B. Mandrand, C. Chaix, Sensors and

Actuators B: Chemical 123, 13 (2007). 5.

S. Krรถger, A. P. F. Turner, Analytica Chimica Acta 347, 9 (1997).

R. Chantiwas et al., Lab on a Chip 10, 3255 (2010).

U. Dharmasiri et al., ELECTROPHORESIS 30, 3289 (2009).

Y.-W. Chen et al., Lab on a Chip 12, 3348 (2012).

Fig3. Franklin street

Fig4. Franklin street 2 Fig5. At the Top of the hill (prof. Soper and Cho, UNIST researcher Juhee, Ada and me)

Let me introduce about cultural things of UNC. Nearby

UNC,

there

one

street

called

Franklin Street to enjoy culture of UNC. Franklin Street is a prominent thoroughfare in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. Historic Franklin Street is considered the center of social

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life for the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, nightlife, and culture. The stretch of college-oriented businesses continues west into neighboring Carrboro. Both streets are home to small music venues, like the Cat's Cradle and the Carrboro Arts Center, which were influential in the birth of Chapel Hill rock, as well as Chapel Hill's More head Planetarium and Science Center, and the Ackland Art Museum. On Franklin Street, there is a perfect restaurant known as "Top of the Hill". Let me introduce it. "Top of the Hill" was originally created to prevent a national chain restaurant from dominating downtown Chapel Hill, and has quickly become the premier destination restaurant and social crossroads of Chapel Hill –a mingling place for graduate students, faculty, town residents, tourists, undergraduates, or anyone lucky enough to find themselves in the southern part of heaven. Their menus have something for every taste, featuring delicious appetizers such as Polynesian Calamari and Franklin Street Nachos, fresh and crisp salads like the Baja Chicken Salad and mouth-watering entrées like Buttermilk Fried Chicken, Goat Cheese Ravioli and French Quarter Jambalaya. They’re also the proud winner of over 35 local “Best of” awards including, “Best Restaurant in Chapel Hill”, “Best Outdoor Dining in the Triangle” and “Coolest Place on Franklin Street”. It was cool to go to Top of the Hill with my professors and friends. Let me finish the introduction of cultural things of UNC. Until now, I wrote my livelihood at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. I thought that UROP was really the best program for me to expand my research experience and experience of culture of the United States. I really appreciate the UNIST faculty and UROP program for allowing and supporting me to go to UNC.

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□ Name: Kim, Chi Ju (mywesky1@unist.ac.kr) □ Host Institute: University of Michigan - Ann Arbor □ Participating Program: UROP □ Study Period: June 15 ~ August 17, 2012 (8 weeks) I had been looking forward to participating in UROP since last year. I had applied for UROP last year. I thought that I naturally could go to the University of Michigan (UM) because there were two openings and two people applied, including me. But, I couldn’t go to UM because professor rejected me after the interview. At that time, I was immensely shocked. Of course, that was an unbelievable result, because I wasn’t ready to go to UM, so I could take time for self-examination. After 1 year, I could have a chance to participate in UROP again. At this time, there were also two openings, but I considered the whether to apply or not because I am a senior and I was scared to fail again. Looking back on it now, since I knew that it was a very good chance for me, I could decide to apply as I left behind all negative thinking. I was confident to pass the interview, because I have worked in Professor Yoon-Kyoung Cho’s lab for 1 year, and at that time I had worked with a post doc who co-worked with Professor Takayama, and I also had an experience of failure. As a result, I easily passed the interview and I confirmed that I could go to UM. Since our university just began the three semester’s system in time, I could have enough time to prepare to go to the US. For ten days, I carried out precedent research which Prof. Takayama expected in Prof. Cho’s lab, and for five days, I prepared for the visa and so on. Finally, I prepared everything to go to America, and then I left. Because I had not been to America before, I was so excited. Honestly, I was more worried than excited. I even told my mother that I was scared to go, one day before I left. But, at that time, I thought that all challenges are accompanied by fear and worry, however, we’ll become a great person when we overcome that. I first arrived in America with Delta airline from Inchon to Detroit. Since I was on the

- 93 -

flight for 13 hours, I had a pain in my leg, which hurt for 3 months, and I was bone tired. Anyway, I had arrived in America. My Korean brother, who is studying for a Ph.D in Takayama’s Lab, came to pick me up at the airport. However, I arrived in Ann Arbor at dinner time, so I couldn’t directly go to my subletting house, because my housemate said that they would come back home at 10 pm. So, in the spare time, I looked around the lab, office, and some buildings in UM, and then I had dinner with my Korean brother. When he asked me what I wanted to eat, I directly answered, "What I’ll frequently eat in Michigan." Then, he led me to sandwich store called ‘SUBWAY’. He ordered a sandwich first, and then he told me to order for myself. At this moment, I first faced my first native American. But, I couldn’t understand what he told me, and I didn’t know how to order, so my Korean brother helped me finally order a sandwich. That was just a couple of seconds, however, I will never forget, as I was seriously nervous and confused. Anyway, I had a dinner and I looked around the office and lab. Finally, I had arrived at my house at 10 PM. I lived with two Hong Kong guys who are a year younger than me, but they had lived in America for 3 years so they are fluent in English like a native speaker. They initiated a conversation with me, but I just understood several words, I didn’t understand whole meaning. When I was finished the first meeting with my housemates, I could finally have a first night in America. I was seriously tired because of the long travelling and I was scared of everything in America, so I slept for 24 hours still wearing my wearing shoes. Honestly, I didn’t go out of my room because I was very afraid I’d have to meet my housemates, who only spoke in English. But, I had to take a shower and I had to eat some food, so I went out of my room and I went to a Korean restaurant, because I thought that I could speak Korean in a Korean restaurant. But, the waiter was a Korean-American, and he crucially didn’t speak Korean, so I ordered BiBimBab with poor English. Fortunately, I succeeded in ordering the food and I could fill my stomach. After I ate and I had slept a lot, the nervousness disappeared. I could

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cheer up. After that, I intentionally initiated conversation with my housemates, and had a meal with them. When I first ate American food, I found it always very salty and oily, so I rarely went to restaurants. I usually cooked Korean food, like some three-minute food or frozen food in my house every morning. I could do that because my Korean brother sometimes took me to a Korean grocery store. Maybe, I enjoyed original American food about 2 weeks before I left America. Anyway, I had a dynamic first weekend in America. On Monday morning, I went to the lab. There was Professor Shuichi Takayama (Shu). When I met him at UNIST, I was very nervous, because I had to talk in English. But, I was really glad to see Shu in America. When I talked with Shu, he gave me my place to stay in the office and I exchanged greetings with lab members. After that, I was just considering what I can research about and I was just reading some articles. However, my Korean brother saw what I was doing and he gave me helpful advice that ‘In America or abroad, it is harmful to be shy, although most Koreans have a shy character.’ He also said, ‘In this place, nobody does someone a favour first, so, you have to get something as you can’. I engraved that advice in my mind while I lived in America, and it helped me when I traveled, and with what I did. After that, I asked all the lab members about what they are studying, or minor questions. After that, I could melt into Shu’s lab, and I went to the lab with a light heart. Like that, I could start research in America. My American life was started. Comparing UM and UNIST on facilities, that’s a big difference. The biggest difference is that UNIST just has the newest facilities, but UM has many old things, which causes the question "Does it really work normally?” I think that is similar to other universities in Korea, because they are older than UNIST. Second, the size of the laboratory was so small. Prof. Shu is a celebrated scholar also in America, so he has a lot of masters and Ph. D students and post doctoral researchers working with him. But, the size of laboratory is limited, so three members used the same table, which

- 95 -

would be used by one person in Korea. The third thing is the moving around. UNIST doesn't have many professors and laboratories, so many facilities are gathered together, and we arenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t required to move a lot. But, in UM, they are diffused in different buildings, even though they are in the same department. That causes some problems moving around. Like this, the whole facilities in UNIST were better than UM. However, how does UM th

produce excellent products of study? In fact, UM ranked 14

in the 2012 World

Universities Evaluation. For reference, Seoul National University ranked 37th, and that is the top university of Korea. I could understand thoroughly the reason for that, although I just researched for 2 months at UM. The most important reason is the research atmosphere. I once came in to a Lab-meeting, and all lab-members equally discuss about someoneâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s research whether they are undergraduate, masters, or PhD students, or Post-Doctoral researchers. I know some labs in Korea also similarly discuss things, but that is still limited, because of a custom peculiar to Korea. This free discussing also influences the research activity. When someone is researching, another can approach lightly and easily discuss about their research. They may think that is tiresome to both questioner and answerer, however, I could feel that they really enjoyed doing research. Also, these days, research is almost all organized by co-working so that strengths are very useful to research. In fact, I also researched with a PhD student who is Dominican, and she sincerely heard my opinion and respected me although I am undergraduate student. At this point, she gave me interest in research. I felt that is why some great US universities are leading around the world. My research activity and research results are attached in the last part. Although I participated in UROP for undergoing research, one of the other purposes of participation is to experience the culture and ordinary life in America. So I tried to meet Americans or foreigners rather than Koreans. Thanks to the lab members, I could have many special experiences. For the first time, I tried in-door rock-climbing. And the Columbian student invited me to a BBQ party one Sunday. In America, there

- 96 -

is a ‘potluck’, which is a party that all guests bring some food to the hosts place. Generally, the host prepares the main food, such as BBQ, or some meat, and guests bring some appetizers. Coincidentally, my birthday was one month after I had arrived in America, and it was

the first day I could drink alcohol in the USA, so I went to a

bar with some lab members. Before I had been to America, I just knew Americans always pay their bills separately. But, they surprisingly paid for me that day. They said that in America, the birthday person is the hero. So, I had fun and jokes, and I got some unforgettable memories. Although I participated in UROP for undergoing research, one of the other purposes of participation is to experience the culture and ordinary life in America. So I tried to meet Americans or foreigners rather than Koreans. Thanks to the lab members, I could have many special experiences. For the first time, I tried in-door rock-climbing. And the Columbian student invited me to a BBQ party one Sunday. In America, there is a ‘potluck’, which is a party that all guests bring some food to the hosts place. Generally, the host prepares the main food, such as BBQ, or some meat, and guests bring some appetizers. Coincidentally, my birthday was one month after I had arrived in America, and it was

the first day I could drink alcohol in the USA, so I went to a

- 97 -

was living, over a weekend. UM to Chicago takes about five hours by bus, so I could easily go. Chicago is a very attractive city. Since Lake Michigan is directly next to the city area, I feel like there is a combination of the vacationland and the city. Chicago is a banking city, like New York, so people freely hang out even late at night. Second, I went to the west side of America for one week. Of course, I had to get a professorâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s permission for the trip. I went to Las Vegas and San Francisco. Las Vegas is exactly a glamorous vacationland. There is a brightly lit street around the clock, and several hotels display fountain shows and volcano shows. There are many people in the casinos for 24 hours. Since there are many gathered great hotels, we could get a 5-star room. Then, I went to San Francisco. I think that San Francisco is a city for art or an art city. Almost people are more fashionable than in other cities, and some buildings are also very impressive. The weather is also cool, so it is easy to take a rest. Third, I went to New York and Boston before I came back home. New York is just the best of the best cities around the world. I loved the city. I wonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t forget the thousands of people packed in Times Square, even late at night. There are many colourful electronic displays that look great. People say Chicago and San Francisco are two of the largest cities, but, compared Manhattan, they are nothing. All subways and public transportation operate for 24 hours, almost all restaurants and grocery stores operate late into the night. One of my great disappointments is that cell phones do not work in the subway. After New York, I went to Boston where my friend is living. In three days in Boston, I felt the atmosphere of MIT and Harvard rather than

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sightseeing. One day, I went to MIT. I looked around every building, and I saw MIT students sitting on benches, for 1 hour. I even went to the library so as to feel the atmosphere of the best engineering university in the world. I thought it would be just another engineering university like UNIST, but I could feel a kind of strong energy. Another day, I went to Harvard. Harvard was very different from MIT, all buildings looked antique and it was very quiet there. Since Harvard University limits tourists from entering the building, I couldn’t see the inner space, but I could get the feel. I finished my American life by travelling to New York and Boston. When I first came to America, I just thought about, "When I can come back home?" I really missed my friends. But, when it came to that point, I was sorry to leave. I thought of all the people who helped me. And I resolved I have to live life to the fullest for them. I’ll never forget. I’d like to say, “America is an attractive country for me”.

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Observe changes of ATPS droplet after dehydration and rehydration Chi-Ju Kim*, Arlyne Simon, Yoon-Kyoung Cho and Shuichi Takayama* Aqueous mixtures of several polymers above certain concentrations segregate and give rise to two distinct phases. ATPSs have been used as micro scale separation media to partition cells and proteins. And the non-ionic polymers polyethylene glycol (PEG) and dextran (DEX) are most widely used in such applications and provide a mild bioseparation environment [1]. And research of droplets on ATPS can be potentially

useful

immune

assay

and

biomedical

fields.

So,

have

firstly

demonstrated the change of dextran droplets(size, shape) after dehydration and rehydration. That research result in demonstration whether droplets merge each other or not. It is useful to specific immune assays such as AlphaLISA technique.

Introduction First Short-term project: ‘Secret Number’ ‘Secret Number’ is made by using dye partition. For example, I write ‘8’digit number with two PEG-ATPS solutions which appear same color but be dyed in different kind of dyes, one partition to PEG and another partition to DEX. So, when the dehydrated PEG is rehydrated by adding DEX solution, dye-partitioned PEG float and special hidden number is shown.

Figure 1. Scheme of ‘Secret number’ project.

Figure 2. Scheme of merging test of various shape's ATPS droplet for experiment of immune assay

Second Short-term project: Merging test of various shape’s ATPS droplet I have demonstrated the change(size, shape) of droplet after PEG rehydration. And

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observe what happens after PEG rehydration that merge or keep remain according to their shapes. This experiment is potentially useful to immunoassay research such as AlphaLISA. For example, we can put the detection antibody into around DEX(Blue) and we can simultaneously put the capture antibody into center DEX(red).

Experimental ATPS preparation PEG(Poly(Ethylene Glycol), various concentration(w/w), MW : 35K) and DEXTRAN(various concentration(w/w), MW: T500, T20) were selected as phase forming polymers of the ATPS

based

the

measurements

their

interfacial

properties.

used

non-equilibrium ATPS solution

Dye preparation Coomassie blue(0.0004% w/w), Trypan blue(0.0004% w/w), Food color(0.0004% w/w) and Blue dex(0.0004% w/w) with PBS.

Result First Short-term project: ‘Secret Number’ First of all, I classified the dyes to know what dyes partition to PEG or DEX. As you can see table 1, both trypan blue and coomassie blue partition to PEG, on the other hand, food color(blue) doesn’t partition to each side. So I had been able to use this partitioning of same blue color to make ‘Secret Number’.

Table 1. Dye classification

Table 2. Test experiment for establish what molecular weight of PEG and DEX is suitable for making ‘Secret Number’

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I tried to know what ATPS solution is suitable for making ‘Secret Number’ that is molecular weight of PEG and DEX. As a result, I thought combination of PEG 35K and DEX T10 is more suitable for my experiment and in case of Coomassie Blue is more proper dye because the droplet easily float and keep their shapes in that condition. However, there are two issues those rehydrated blue PEG droplets was stuck on bottom of petri-dish. and even in case of food color didn’t disappear, perfectly[Figure3. (A)]. In order to solve this problem, I had tried to dehydrate DEX on bottom before rehydration. As a result, whole part of droplet could perfectly float with combination of DEX T10 and PEG 35K [Figure 3. (B)]. However, in case of DEX T500, they still stuck on bottom. Second Figure 3. (A)Blue PEG droplet is sticking on bottom. (B)Sticking issue is solved when bottom is dehydrated by dextran before rehydration.

issue is that food color(blue) droplet

didn’t disappear because dye doesn’t diffuse to DEX solution. In order to solve this problem, I diluted dyes to quater of ex-solution. Unfortunately, food-color(blue) partitioned to PEG when I reduce the amount of dye. So I had have to find out the new blue dye that partition to both PEG and DEX in order to make ‘Secret Number’.

Second Short-term project: Merging test of various shape’s ATPS droplet I had tried to demonstrate whether droplets merge each other or not. Previously to the main experiment, I measured the change of droplet’s size after rehydration with PEG[Table 3]. I used 16%(w/w) of PEG 35K and DEX T10, 20%(w/w) of PEG 35K and DEX T500. And all units are μμm and Ratio is calculated by (Change / Before) * 100. Concentration of Blue-DEX is 1mg/2.5g = 0.0004% w/w, so it is negligible and all rehydration time is 3 hours. As a result, all diameters of DEX-droplet decrease after rehydration with PEG. But, in case of T10, the ratio of change increase as volume of DEX droplet increase, on the other hand, in case of T500, the ratio of change is similar as volume of droplet increase. And then, I had tried to make several shapes of DEX-droplet and I checked that they are merging each other or not with same conditions of previous sub-experiment. As a result, all droplets shrank after rehydration

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Tria T10 0.5μμL-droplet T10 1μμL-droplet T10 2μμL-droplet l

Change

Ratio

Change

Ratio

Change

Ratio

2.79

394

17.55

672

22.94

184

10.59

433

19.55

583

20.71

117

7.46

355

16.73

578

20.82

274

19.86

156

10.17

AV G

Tria T500 0.5μμL-droplet l

394

17.94

611

21.49

with previous experiment about the change of diameter before and after

the goal of this project is to make

T500 1μμ

T500 2μμ

that

L-droplet

other and then, that phenomena

Ratio

Change

Ratio

Change

Ratio

124

6.05

152

7.60

138

4.86

122

7.42

126

6.44

143

5.15

223

14.58

133

6.84

164

6.05

5.51

4.04

118

7.52

other. This result is same tendency

rehydration with DEX T10. However,

Change

with PEG and they didn’t merge each

DEX-droplets

merge

each

can be used to immunoassay. So, I had suggested two solutions to make

they

successfully

merge

each other. First, I could design 137

6.96

148

5.35

Table 3. The change of DEX droplet's size after rehydration

the new shapes of DEX-droplet. I had made 6 new shapes, but all

shapes didn’t merge [Supporting information] and they were also shrank. Second, I could change the formation of ATPS from (20%-PEG/20%-DEX) to (5%-PEG/20, 30, 40%-DEX) Finally, some combination of droplet’s merged[Figure 5].

Conclusion We have tried to demonstrate the change of ATPS-droplet before and after rehydration. First, we could find out dehydrated PEG also can be perfectly rehydrated as keep their shapes. Second, we have demonstrated that DEX droplets can merge

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each other after rehydration with PEG which has very low concentration. And thereby that can be used to research about immune assay. However, we still

can’t

demonstrate that exact distance how long they can merge and what the formation or condition of ATPS is most suitable to use immune assay research, therefore, we have to keep this research going.

Reference 1. Hossein Tavana and Shuichi Takayama, ““Aqueous biphasic microprinting approach

to tissue engineering””, American Institute of Physics Biomicrofluidics 5, 2011, 013404

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□ Name: Yun, Joo Dong (joodon1@unist.ac.kr) □ Host Institute: UC San Diego □ Participating Program: UROP □ Study Period: June 10 ~ August 20, 2012 (10 weeks) There are various types of international programs at UNIST. Among them, I chose UROP (Undergraduate Research Opportunity Program), because I wanted to get more experience in other laboratories and a research intern credit for graduation. With the aid of professor Seungjoon Yang, I contacted Professor Nguyen who is in the video processing lab of UCSD (University of California San-Diego), in America. At the beginning of the summer vacation, I departed from Incheon Airport with lots of expectations. After a 13-hour flight, I arrived in America. The first surprising thing I felt was the moderate climate. The weather in San-Diego was pretty good to live in. I went to the reserved apartment, Costaverde, which I found on the web site, ‘www.craigslist.org’ (If you plan to go to San-Diego, the web sites craigslist and ‘www.sdsaram.com’ might be very helpful). In the apartment, there were other roommates who came from Brazil. They greeted me gladly. One of them was a computer engineer like me, so we had lots to talk about, like research. By the way, it was the beginning part of my life in San-Diego. After several days, the day to meet Professor Nguyen was coming. To go to UCSD I used a bus. The fee for that was about 2 dollars. It’s more expensive than I predicted. However, fortunately, I received a visiting student certification card from the administrative office. With the student card, I could ride some specific buses for free, borrow books from the library, and get permission to get into the building which Prof. Nguyen’s laboratory is in. The professor seemed

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very nice and kind. He warmly welcomed me and he gave me a seat. After that, I met other members in the laboratory

and

found

some

other

Koreans,

also.

Actually, I was worried about my speaking skill at first, but the other Korean members helped me a lot to adapt to the atmosphere. Life in San-Diego was easy and convenient because there

are

plenty

shopping

malls,

laundries,

and

restaurants. Additionally, San-Diego is one of the safest places in America, so walking around late at night was fine. Therefore I highly recommend San-Diego as a good place to study and live. In the UROP period, my daily life in the laboratory was good, as well. My UROP research topic was ‘stereo de-hazing’, covering both 3D and de-hazing areas. The topic was quite challenging for me. Sometimes, I went to

the

Korean

restaurant,

which

outside

the

university, with other members. Even the members who are not Korean also loved our traditional spicy food. Someone ordered ‘김치찌개’ or ‘떡볶이’. In that time, I was very proud of my country. Additionally I want to talk more about the atmosphere in laboratories abroad. The first difference was the size of the lab. There were more than 10 peoples as researchers, and I saw people from other companies also belong to the lab. The size of the team helps people collaborate more easily, so I also got other's help in the UROP period. It was not a big deal, so I felt free about asking questions or discussing the research. Another surprising thing was they leave the lab early, about 5:00 pm. I think it's a very short time to work, unlike Koreans do. They are very free for controlling their work time, but they are just strict about some special meetings.

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I had to work every weekday in UCSD, but usually I had considerable time to go out. The most difficult part about travel was the fact that I don’t have a driving license. Therefore I could use only buses to go far. It’s the only reason that I traveled to famous places just near my house. The lists of where I got to were downtown, Pacific Beach, coves, and cliffs. Because UCSD is very close to the beach, I used to go there whenever I wanted to take a rest. The beach seemed like a picture. Wide ocean and sky were meshed with each other so it’s hard to separate them completely. Along the sky, some weird birds were flying. I saw that many Americans who enjoyed the spectacular view with their family. They pitched a tent, roasted meats, did beach volleyball or just sat with their pets. At the beach, I thought that most Americans loved the break with their family on weekends. Every Sunday, I went to the church, '소망교회' which is a Korean church. I met new friends and sometimes we went out to have dinner. If you are a Christian, I would recommend to go there. If you don't have a car, they would give you a ride. We took a picture on the cliff (see the picture below). During UROP, I was sometimes very confused because the topic I studied was difficult for me, so I didn't know what should I do for the next step. One thing that I could do was ask Professor Nguyen or other members in same

laboratory.

However,

that

was

very

limited, so I got depressed without any good results. In the situation, the professor said to me "Research is trying to do everything." and he encourage me. I was impressed with his words. Although the professor was always busy with meetings and with people from other companies, he

- 107 -

was always kind to members of the laboratory. At the final meeting with the professor, he gave me a good evaluation and it's better than I thought I did. As an engineering student who wants to continuously study in university, this UROP period was fairly valuable. I think this memory will be remembered forever. Lastly I hope to see the friends who I met in America again someday.

- 108 -

□ Name: Seo Eunkyo (sek0221@naver.com) □ Host Institute: NASA □ Participating Program: UROP □ Study Period: June 11 ~ August 03, 2012 (8 weeks)

Before I went to NASA, I thought it was a special and limited place, since I had seen it only on movies and the news. People surrounding me admired that I was going to work there as a summer intern. I got on a flight to the United States. I have travelled before, however, whenever I leave where I live I am nervous to leave my familiar daily life. It was my first time leaving Korea with a purpose to research and stay in a place to live alone. To make matters worse, the place I have to stay is a basement. The condition of the basement was not good, from the lighting to the air ventilation. It looks like a basement prison. Moreover, the place I lived in is in the countryside. The accessibility was so poor that I had to walk for 40 minutes just one way to go the market. Thus, I felt that my loneliness and my food life were going to be extreme. I regretted applying for UROP, thinking that if I came to the United States on other program I could experience more fun and friends. Life at NASA The day was coming to go to work, and I had a feeling of expectancy. I received a badge to access NASA from the security center. The research center, NASA Goddard Flight Center, is so big that I never even dreamed of looking

around

whole

place.

met

research

supervisor in NASA and talked about the topic of our research. After the meeting I expected that we would have lunch together. Yet, she did not mention about it. I knew that when I worked in NASA I would have to do everything on my own. After that meeting, I didn’t meet her again. After reading some materials she gave me to

- 109 -

help to understand what she was researching we always discussed things by email. She did not get in touch with, or push me. In Korea, it is normal that somebody pushes me to do something. Suddenly, I was given lots of time, so that not only did I have to find what I would research for summer intern period, but I had to manage it by myself. Fortunately, assisted

there to

are

many

adapt

people the

who strang

circumstances. My supervisor in NASA was named Lesley Ott. She was very helpful for me, both for living in the States and the aspects of scholarship. She graduated from Maryland University, so she gave me a chance to communicate with some of her professors and researchers. It is a very good opportunity to know about the administration of the school, university laboratory life, and which diverse parts are researched. When I went to NASA, I researched hurricane genesis and path tracking analysis for a newly developed model and chemical modelling, because her major is lightening and NOx cycle. I hoped I extend my research on the chemical part, but 2 months is not sufficient time to do what I hoped. In the NASA research center, there are lots of researchers. Among them, I met Korean researchers. Since most of them already are doctors, there is a big age difference between them and me, and they are familiar with living in the United States. I had a lot of time to talk with them in NASA. They advised me about life and studying in the United States. They said, "If you have a plan to come to the States, donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t come alone."

- 110 -

Before I went to the United States, I thought most people are excited and active. Yet, they did not say anything about their individual stories, like the story of their childhoods and family members. Thus, there was little chance to communicate with the researchers who have worked in NASA, except official work. Because of living in poor surroundings, the Korean researchers gave me lots of help, such as sometimes they brought me to a Korean market and invited me to their homes. An unforgettable memory I have is of being invited to the celebration of a first-birthday by HyokyeongKim, Ph.D., who works in the NASA research center. I did not have a chance to join a first-birthday party before, even in Korea. I especially enjoyed eating Korean food freely, perhaps because I missed our traditional culture like sharing food and eating together surrounding a big table. However, my case is just an example, so I want to tell somebody who is preparing to go abroad for study or an internship that each decision you choose has merit and demerit. For instance, if you are going to abroad with the purpose of research, there are choices. You can go to a laboratory belonging to a nation, a corporation, and a university. In the case of a laboratory belonging to a nation or a corporation, most of the employee sare already married, and you will probably have a similar experience to mine. However, a laboratory belonging to university has a different aspect a relationship between coworkers. They are students, which means most do not have the relationship between subordinates and superiors yet. It makes for a more friendly relationship between each other. When I visited a university laboratory, it was a familiar sight that some students would help a foreign student who cannot use English fluently. They also have many chances to learn English and experience the States life style in a university environment.

- 111 -

American Culture The culture of the States is concentrated on their family, which is not familiar for Koreans, since not only do most Koreans spend times with their family, but they meet their friends and colleagues. It means most employees get off work early in the United States. But, in my case I do not have my family and friends, so that I cannot do something special after finishing work. Before I went to the United States, my friend who studied abroad said that it became a very lonely experience. What he said is correct. Every day I ate meals alone and cooked for myself even though it is not familiar for me. It was my first time to do it all alone. Fortunately, I met my friend who immigrated when I was in middle school. She gave me lots of help, like driving me to the market and nearby sight-seeing places. If I have chance to go the United States for long time again, I would buy a used car. Somebody said it is same as having no legs if you have no car. But, there are some interesting experiences happened in that life. Among them I remember I worked a part-time job in my homestay house. I earned some money for cutting the grass on the weekend. It is not familiar for me to cut grass in front of my own house, since the residence style of Korea is different from the United States. It is a part of daily life I will remember; cutting grass on long weekend days, although the weather was so hot that I was exhausted afterwards. Every weekend, I went to Washington D.C., which is the capital of the United States of America. I had already visited there about one and half years ago, as I took a trip with my friend. But, as we went in the winter, there were no tourists and it looked like a desolate place, rather than the capital of a country. Thus, most of places I visited gave me a different feeling, even though it was not first time to go there. The weather in D.C. is so hot that the county recommends staying home rather than moving around. However, those who do not have many chances to go there, like me, did not have a choice whether to stay home or to go downtown. Wherever I went, I was amazed by the magnificence and detail. Especially, when I stood in the pictures I

- 112 -

had seen in textbooks when I was a middle and high school student, I got goose bumps. And every weekend I went to Washington D.C. which is the capital of the United States of America. Already I had visited about one and half years ago as Itook trip with my friend. But, as that season is winter, there was no tourist and it looked like a desolate place rather than capital of a country. Thus, most of places I visited gave me a different feeling even though it was not first time to drop there. The weather in D.C. is so hot that the county recommends staying home rather than getting around. However, those who there is not many chance to go there like me do not have choice whether to stay home or to go downtown. Wherever I had been, I was amazed to the magnificent and detail. Especially, when I stood the picture I saw in the textbook when I was middle and high school student I became stiff and got goose bumps. While Professor Myong-In Lee visited NASA for 2 weeks, I spent most of my time with the professor. Actually, the relationship between a professor and student is so official and hard that I did not imagine that I could talk to the professor about everything I thought, without reserve. On the weekend, we went to New York City to meet the professorâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s junior from university, who is taking a Ph.D. course at Columbia University. He could not overcome jet-lag, so that it was impossible to drive for 6 hours to New York City. Instead, I had to drive the car for a long time, although I did not have a chance to drive car in the States before that. During that time, we were talking about lots of things, from our family stories to individual thoughts. I

- 113 -

think that chance is the first and the last. Finally, we arrived in New York City. The city was hot regardless of the season. We looked around the city, and even saw a New York Yankees baseballgame, strolled in parks in Manhattan and did a Swedish traditional game (Kubb) in Bryant Park. In the last day in the city, we went to one of the famous museums in the New York City, The Museum of Modern Art. which is filled with modern art treasures. As the museum was at the end of the trip, we came back to Washington D.C. It was an unforgettable and special trip among many of the travels I have enjoyed. While Professor Myong-In Lee visited NASA for 2 weeks, I spent most of my time with the

professor.

Actually,

the

relationship

between a professor and student is so official and hard that I did not imagine that I could talk

the

professor

about

everything

thought, without reserve. On the weekend, we went

New

York

City

meet

the

professorâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s junior from university, who is taking a Ph.D. course at Columbia University. He could not overcome jet-lag, so that it was impossible to drive for 6 hours to New York City. Instead, I had to drive the car for a long time, although I did not have a chance to drive car in the States before that. During that time, we were talking about lots of things, from our family stories to individual thoughts. I think that chance is the first and the last. Finally, we arrived in New York City. The city was hot regardless of the season. We looked around the city, and even saw a New York Yankees baseballgame, strolled in parks in Manhattan and did a Swedish traditional game (Kubb) in Bryant Park. In the last day in the city, we went to one of the famous museums in the New York City, The Museum of Modern Art. which is filled with modern art treasures. As the museum was at the end of the trip, we came back to Washington D.C. It was an unforgettable and special trip among many of the travels I have enjoyed. Before I joined this experience, I just took trips abroad to look around, so I found this trip was sometimes stuff, especially the work, was stressful for me. When I left

- 114 -

Korea I brought two worries; I have to go abroad to study and is it a better choice to extend the study. However, when I came back to Korea, such concerns are solved, and I was filled with confidence and conviction. This chance gives me not only added specific knowledge, but also assurance and people who assist and cheer me.

- 115 -

□ Name: Jung, Jae Yoon (gmcw1@unist.ac.kr) □ Host Institute: Harvard University □ Participating Program: UROP □ Study Period: July 01 ~ August 24, 2012 (8 weeks) I. Intro I took the UROP program at Harvard University SEAS (School of Engineering and Applied Science) during summer 2012. The instructing professor was Hanspeter Pfister. I worked in Hanspeter’s lab. With a connection with Prof. Won-Ki Jeong, I did the UROP program. Prof. Hanspeter and Won-Ki worked with connecting me with projects. Prof. Hanspeter’s research is about Visualization, Computer graphics and computer vision. II. Preparation A. VISA Korean travelers do not need a visa when travelling to the USA for 90 days or less. Before departure, just registering with ESTA is ok. But the Harvard Student intern program requires a J1 visa. To attain the J1 visa, a DS-2019 and a DS-7002 are required. A DS-2019 is a Certificate of Eligibility for exchange visitor status. A DS-7002 is a document of a training internship placement plan. Critical factors of the preparation was an acceptance letter from Harvard University. It takes almost 2 months. The HIO (Harvard International Office), requires a CV, an application form and a certificate of deposit / money trust balance for issuing the DS-2019 and DS-7002. After getting the DS-2019 and DS-7002 from Harvard, I wrote a DS-160 and payed the SEVIS application fee for a visa interview. The visa interview was quickly processed for me. Only three days after my interview, I got a J1 visa from the embassy.

- 116 -

Tip. You should upload your latest portrait picture file for the DS-160. If the picture is approved, you don`t have to bring a picture to your interview. When I had my interview, I uploaded my passport picture that was issued 3 years ago, and I was rejected.

B. House I got a sublet from the Boston Korea (http://www.bostonkorea.com) community homepage. It was in a three floor house. I used one room on the second floor. There was a kitchen and bathroom on each floor. The original tenant was Korean. I paid two monthâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s rent and she paid the other utility fees. I think I found a good sublet. The landlady lived on the first floor. The first floor and second floor entrances were separated, so I could cook at any time and had no strict rules. C. Capital I used a credit card, a debit card and cash for payment. I used my existing credit card. It was issued in Korea and had VISA compatibility. That means no limitation on use in foreign countries. For my debit card and cash, I open a Citi Bank account. Citi Bank account can withdraw in USD, and no exchange is needed. When withdrawal, automatically exchange from KRW to USD. It takes only a $1 commission. There was a Citibank located in the Harvard Square subway station, so I never worried about cash. D. Phone Every Korean mobile communication provider allows automatic roaming, but roaming fees are very expensive. So, I selected to use a prepaid phone. Almost every smartphone can use other mobile providers by changing the USIM chips. I also bought a U.S. mobile provider`s SIM and recharge the fee during my time in the U.S.

- 117 -

In the US, there are many MVNO companies. So, I can buy a prepaid SIM and prepaid top-up cards in a CVS. I prepared my U.S. SIM chip in Korea in advance, but that was more expensive than in the U.S. In the future, I would wait to buy the card in the U.S. Tip. Unlike Korea, U.S. mobile networks are not good, so check sensitivity in your residence and work region in advance. E. Flight ticket There is no direct flight Incheon to Boston. KAL and OZ should transfer in New York City. I select other company JAL (Japan Air Lines). JAL open direct flight between Narita (Japan) to Boston. That use B787 Dreamliner, Boeing`s latest product. JAL promote that discount and double mileage. That`s why I select JAL. Tip. JAL`s mileage not shared with KAL and OZ. III. Entrance A. Flight It was very long flight Incheon to Boston. Because Incheon to Narita taken 2 hours. And Narita to Boston are taken 13 hours. All flight attendance was Japanese but they could speak English. I can also speak Japanese, more comfortable. JAL use B767 for Incheon to Narita and B787 for Narita to Boston. Two airplanes were same size, but latest plane, B787 was more comfortable. Tip. All non-residents who enter the U.S should submit I-94, the disembarkation card. When Ied immigration checkpoint, I think just J1 VISA is ok. But they request I-94. So, I returned to the waiting room and completed the I-94. B. Public Transportation (T)

- 118 -

Boston is first city to have opened a subway in U.S. In Boston, people call public transportation to ““T””. It is very developed like Korea. In Boston, there are Charlie card. It is transportation card like T-Money or Mybee in Korea. Transportation fee is more expensive than Korea. With Charlie card, Bus is $1.5 and subway is $2. But there are free passes for one day, week month. Tip. In Korean subway, check ticket twice. But in U.S check once at the entrance. And when riding a bus, fee payment occurred when get off bus. C. Registration All of Harvard exchange students should register HIO (Harvard International Office). HIO is located in Holyoke center, in Harvard square. Holyoke Center is

in the

administration building. In HIO, I get a resume for SSN (Social Security Number). And HIC(Harvard Information Center), aside HIO, get Harvard student ID. This ID has pass and electronic wallet function. After get student ID, I go to Pierce building which located SEAS (School of Engineering and

Applied

Science)

administration

office.

Officer introduced me that my lab is located in northwest building, across the oxford street. During summer, I was in 52 Oxford streets, Room 231. Ⅳ. Research A. Preface Professor Hanspeter and Won-ki are connectome project members. Connetome means close to the word genome and implies completeness of all neuronal connections. This project investigates neurons act and make maps about synapses and

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neurons. My tutor Verena Kaying who was post doctor of Hanspeter lab studied about image processing to get neuron`s 3D image. First of all, get brain TEM picture from serial sections. Then correct distortion and stitching image. Next, z-aligment and segmentation for reconstruct 3d image. TEM image data is huge about terabytes. It cannot be done by hands. So, use machine learning. Machine learning is kind of artificial intelligence that computer can set discipline algorithms to predict inputs automatically. The more sample means the more precise prediction. If speed up calculation speed, we can process more sample quickly. My research topic is speed up calculation. B. Subject Existing computing use microprocessor called CPU. It has a few calculation units, threads. But GPU, 3D accelerator, has much more threads. With many threads, we can calculate parallel. So, people use GPU as a calculator nowadays. This concept called GPGPU. One of GPU manufacture, NVIDIA provides GPGPU called CUDA. I use CUDA for speed up calculation. There are two main machine learning concepts. One is RBM (Restrict Boltzmann Machine) and the other is CNN (Convolution Neural Networks). My colleague takes RBM and I research about CNN. CNN is model of real neuron networks. Like neuron transfer stimulations between synapse to synapse, CNN consist of some steps. After process, Input image be compressed. Then machine distinct these output with perceptron. Perceptron is criteria that which is satisfy condition or not. To make perceptron predict more accurately, more sample needed. That`s why we need faster calculator.

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C. Research process In CNN, Critical factor of speed is convolution process. Because each input atom need calculate with kernel. Ordinary 2D convolution formula is below.

It means there need input size by kernel size times calculation occurred in one input image. To speed up calculation time, I apply parallel programming concept. Ordinary CPU has a few threads. So, parallel programming concepts limited. But CUDA has lots of threads. So,many calculations occurred at the same time. So, I separate each input atoms into single threads. Then each thread calculate convolution with kernel. That concept reduces calculation time. Although ordinary concept needs input size by kernel size times calculation, My concept needs only kernel size times calculation needs. Because each thread calculate input atom convolution parallel. I use two for loop. First loop repeat kernel width times and second loop repeat kernel height times. And I set some instance for indexing and store value. Then calculate convolution with kernel. With loop implementation, this code operates like convolution formula. At last, I set limitation to convolution not exceed border of input. My implementation is below. for (inti = 0; i < kernel_Height; i++) { for ( int j = 0; j <kernel_Width; j++) { int input_id, m, mn; input_id = tid + ( j - kernel_Width_Radius ) + ( ( i - kernel_Height_Radius ) * input_Width ); m = j + (i * kernel_Width); // kernel id

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mn = kernel_Size - 1 - m; // revert kernel like h[tau-t] con_in = input[input_id]; con_k = kernel[mn]; if( col - kernel_Width_Radius + j >= 0 && (row - kernel_Height_Radius+i) >= 0 && input_id < input_Size) { con_out += con_in * con_k;

}}}

D. Result I success implement 2D convolution code with CUDA during UROP period. But I can`t experience image processing before. So, I implement convolution code about number data first. Then try to implement read byte array include image RGB data and convolution. So I read STL (Standard Template Library) such as Free image Library, Vigra Library, ITK Library. But in that phase, I overtime. If I were more familiar with Image processing, I could implement convolution perfect. E. Lab mood There are lots of visitors around campus. One of famous university in world is not just name. But northwest building, my labs located, is outside of campus. So there are very calm. Moreover, because of summer vacation, only a few people were in the buildings. There were some graduate researcher, post doctors and high school interns. These high school interns different from Korean AP course, they set research projects like UROP. And Research during summer. I think this intern system is better than Korea because high school students can truly experience what is expected of researchers. Overall mood is same as UNIST Lab. I think Lab mood is common throughout the world because researchers are absorbed in their own work.

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F. Lab meeting Every Tuesday noon, all member of Hanspeter lab gather in meeting room. And take lab meeting. In summer, one of researcher presented about their research topics. I think it for interns. To inform their research topics, can gather intern`s interest. Actually, those presentations were difficult to understand. Those were post doctors or graduate school student`s topic. But very useful in that can experience many topics widely. Lab meeting mood is different from Korea. In

Korea,

have

dinner

after

meeting.

Harvard, meetings and presentations were done at the same time. It was a common occurrence to listen to a presentation while eating take-out. At last week, all interns present their topics. I also presented my topics. But I was very nervous, I can`t speak well. â&#x2026;¤. Living A. Food Restaurants are expensive than Korea. And I was unfamiliar with tip culture. So I use Food court or fast food restaurant frequently. I bring lunch box or using Chinese food truck for lunch in lab. Food truck was reliable because city government certificate street vender. This truck means there are many Chinese people on campus. Actually, lots of researchers were of Chinese descent. There was big market within 5 minutes walking distance. So I can buy fresh food easily. Milk and beef is cheaper than Korea. Almost half price. So, I eat them frequently. When I miss Korean food, I went Korean grocery store. There was big market chain about 40 minutes by car. And there were two Korean markets in Cambridge. Reliable market and Lotte market. Each store apart about 10 minutes by

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bus from Harvard square. I buy some dimples in there. Tip. In U.S they use not Kg and L but pound and gallon. 1 pound is about 450g, 1 gallon is about 4L. Don`t confuse amount. Because in Korea, unit price are 100g and 1L. B. Shopping I think original price of all products are expensive than Korea. Because cost of labor is expensive than Korea. Moreover I hardly to found made in china product. But there are lots of promotion sale. So, I check many times and can buy LCD monitor one over third price than Korea. C. Boston Sightseeing In weekend, I look around Boston. One of most famous is ““Freedom trail””. In sidewalk, red line is painted. That is freedom trail. It is walking route that connect popular spots about U.S independence. MFA (Museum of Fine Arts) is one of famous museum in world. There are lots of pictures and art works from ancient to modern. Especially, I am very impressed about monnet`s arts. New England aquarium is one of impressed spots to me. Actually, Its scale is smaller than COEX aquarium in Korea, but it place sea life more visitor friendly. In experience zone, I can touch small sharks and ray. Prudential tower is highest skyscraper in Boston. It is 50 stories building. When I see Boston, there are few skyscrapers in Boston. It has history. There are many antique structures here and harmony with new ones.

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Tip. To reduce entrance fee, use City pass. It is coupon that discounts some attractions in Boston. With City pass I can save almost 50 % than original price. There are many cities apply City pass. So, I also use in New York City. D. New York City Sight seeing In last two weekends, I went to New York City. It takes about 4 hour from Boston to NYC. There are many ways such as by bus, train and flight. Train and flight are very expensive. Those fees are about $100 one way. But bus fee are only $15 to $25 one way. So, I used the bus. In first weekend I used Megabus and second weekend use Fungwha bus. Megabus is two story bus. There are about 80 seats and each seat has AC power outlet and wifi services are provided. Fees are $20 during weekends. Fees are variable and cheaper when reserved earlier. But Fungwha bus fees are only $15. Instead in don`t provide wifi service, power outlet. Both buses seat size are same with Korea ordinary 45 seats bus. First weekend I went to south end and ride Staten Island Ferry. It is free Ferry that passed by statue of liberty. When I return I see Manhattan`s down town. Many skyscrapers were there. Get off Ferry, I go to Ground Zero. Ground Zero is sight that WTC (World Trade Center) remains destroyed by 911 terror. Freedom Tower is constructed on Ground Zero. I can`t see Ground Zero museum. Because reservation required. And I go to Brooklyn bridges, one of most famous bridge in world. It constructed in 1883. But many cars and subway still cross. Then I went 42 street, times square by subway. I heard there was gunfire occurred few days ago. But It seems no one care about that. There are lots of people. And

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also

there

were

lots

banner

there.

found

Samsung and Hyundai. Especially, Hyundai banner was very impressive. With iphone, I can play racing game watching banner. When I join game, banner became game screen. And I experience great scene. When I seat on stair of times

square,

hundreds

bicycles

drive

through

broadway. It seems all of bikes in NYC gathered. At night, I went to Empire states building. It was built in 1930. After WTC building collapse, Empire States Building became highest skyscraper in Manhattan again. I saw night sight of NYC. It was very impressive. One block below from Empire states building, 33st is Korean town. I slept in Korean Sauna. Ordinary price is $30 but to stay overnight I had to pay $40. It is significantly more expensive than Korea. But I think $40 was cheap for slept and bath in central of Manhattan. That`s why I select that accommodations. Next day I walk central park. Central park is very huge. It 2.5 miles long from south to north. I saw many people jogging. In central of central park, there located Metropolitan Museum on East and National museum of Natural History on West. I went Metropolitan Museum at first week and museum of natural history at second week. Like MFA in Boston, Metropolitan Museum is one of most famous museum in world. They give button instead of tickets. That color changes every day. This museum larger than MFA. So Ican`t saw all of them. And Museum of Natural History is more popular to children than adults. Because there are many taxidermied animal in there.

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â&#x2026;Ľ. Return to Korea When my return date, 2012 Aug 26, Big typhoon Bolaven strike Korea. I worry about plane be cancelled. But I arrived safely. At next day, flights were all canceled. My timing is very good. These two 2 months experience in U.S is very useful to me. Before arriving U.S, I was half thrill and half nervous. But life U.S war almost same with Korea. Again, Thanks you for Prof. Won-Ki Jeong and Hanspeter for can give these good experience.

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□ Name: Hong, Sumin (sumin246@gmail.com) □ Host Institute: Harvard University □ Participating Program: UROP □ Study Period: July 01 ~ August 24, 2012 (8 weeks)

At the beginning Let me share with you my Undergraduate Research Opportunity Program (UROP). The institution I chose is the undisputed world best university: Harvard University located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. I bet everyone who reads this article acknowledges that Harvard is a true epicenter of academia. Harvard is the oldest institution of higher learning in the USA, and the first corporation chartered in the country. And everyone can’t deny Harvard’s historical influence, and wealth have made it one of the most prestigious organizations in the world. Harvard is especially famous in field of Law and medical professions. But it does not mean Harvard's engineering field is weak. This University is also best institution in engineering field, and Harvard also has great influence in Computer graphics and vision field. I am participated in this program at Electrical and Computer Engineering student especially Computer Science track, so I had great expectations for this program. The supervisor of this program in UNIST is Won-Ki Jeong, assigned in ECE, he has work experience in Harvard about 3-years. So he can send us to GVI group in Harvard which is treating visualization, computer graphics, and computer vision. The GVI group (Graphics, Vision, Interaction) is consist of three lab such as Gortler Lab, Pfister Lab, Zickler Lab 3 lab, and the lab i participated is Pfister Lab which is treating Visual Computing. The principal investigator is Hanspeter Pfister Professor, and Won-ki Jeong professor also worked in this lab before.

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The Connectome Project The main project of Pfister lab is the connectome project. This project deals with the wiring of the brain and this is very interesting. Let me go into greater detail and explain the purposes and reasons for this project. Below is an excerpt from Harvard's GVI main page. The wiring of brains is staggeringly complex. Our own brains have tens of billions of neurons connected through perhaps one hundred trillion synapses. This circuitry is the result of our development and experience; the neural activity that courses through and alters it, somehow accounts for our thoughts, our behavior, our memories. To echo Wheeler's synopsis of Einstein's theory of gravity: neural circuits tell activity how to propagate and neural activity tells circuits how to change. One hundred years from now, this brain circuitry will be known; today, for the first time, we can contemplate mapping it in detail. New forms of laser-scanning light microscopy and semi-automated electron microscopy allow high resolution imaging of "connectomes"â&#x20AC;&#x201D;that is, complete neural wiring diagrams. Our group collaborates with the Center for Brain Science on the segmentation and visualization and analysis of such images. Some of the challenges our group deals with involve the processing of multi-terabyte and multi-spectral image data sets. Determining the detailed connections in brain circuits is a fundamental unsolved problem in neuroscience. Understanding this circuitry will enable brain scientists to confirm or refute existing models, develop new ones, and come closer to an understanding of how the brain works. We are collaborating on the Connectome Project to determine the complete, detailed wiring diagrams of neural circuits from sequential high-resolution images of the central nervous system using electron microscopy (EM). These high-resolution, large-scale EM datasets pose very challenging computational problems for 3D segmentation and visualization in terms of developing suitable algorithms, coping with the ever-increasing data sizes, and maintaining interactive performance. This connectome project is quite big, So it has many related reasrch topic such as

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NeuroTrace: Semi-automatic Neural Process Segmentation and Visualization System Neural Process Segmenation using Sparse User Scribbles Markov Surfaces and so onâ&#x20AC;Ś My research topic in this Lab is NeuroTrace, especially focused to algorithms of automatic segmentation with machine learning.

My research topic : Restricted Boltzmann Machine on GPU Device To complete connectome project, Semi-automatic Neural Process Segmentation is basic essentials. But this is not easy operates. To solve this problem, we should use machine learning algorithms which are a branch of artificial intelligence. The motivation of this system is fill in the missing data in side of each neural process. The Restricted Boltzmann Machine is most famous theory in machine learning in terms of unsupervised learning. Due to real time decision in NeuroTracel supervised learning that is using regression analysis is impossible. So we should choose

Restricted

Boltzmann

machine

make

Semi-automatic

Neural

Process

Segmentation system. Restricted

Boltzmann

Machine

based

energy

model likes entropy. Connections of nodes are restricted and have weight. Also each hidden node contains probability data. And this machine consists of two layers. One is Visible Node that is our input or output data, another is hidden node to using classification.

And probability of state is same with

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This machine is difficult to understand and explain so I will avoid a detailed explanation. Important thing is this system requires too many parallel computing. And this is suited for GPU machine rather than general CPU system. GPU machine consists of many of core and parallel access possible memory. Then we can make fast system that can calculate many node and connection simultaneously. And CUDA developed by Nvidia is most famous system of GPU machine, and I also know a bit about CUDA so we choose the CUDA language to make system. But I didn’t have experiment of machine learning, this is too difficult starting from Semi-automatic

Neural

Process

Segmentation.

first

work,

made

the

classification machine of handwritten digits. This called MNIST DATABASE and this is very famous sample for machine learning. After I accustomed machine learning, we can start make system. But due to the difficult of Restricted Boltzmann Machine and a short time that is just 8 week, the lack of information about CUDA language and with various reasons, I couldn’t finish the project at on time.

Before the departure In preparing for my departure, two of my greatest concerns were my Visa issue and housing problem. With regards to the visa it requires many documents and even interview in USA embassy, but I could receive help from our international center. So there are no problems in terms of visa. But housing is not that easy. Since dormitory is too expensive, I should search another room. Of course, I have no acquaintances in Boston, so every process such as finding a room or contract should be on online. That is not as easy as one thinks. Fortunately, quite a few Korean live in boston, boston’s Korean community is very invigorated, so I could look for a room in those community. Finally I was reserved housing in brookline. This is quiet suburban town. It is some far from Cambridge but I liked this place.

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Northwest building in engineering street Researching process in Harvard Lab Since GVI group has lot of member GVI group is located in two building. One is Maxwell-Dworkin and another is Northwest. And my desk is second floor in northwest building. Not only our UROP student but also many intern students studied in summer term. Almost of intern was high school student. I heard this is common system in USA from them . I knew about we are school also has similar system such as student camp. But it is also good system we take intern in lab not just camp. And because of we was senior, so we received some better treatment. GVI group give to us great performance computer that is main equipment of Computer Science research. In this situation I suddenly realized of influence of Won-ki Jeong. He is very popular in GVI group and the expectation to us is big since we were chosen by him. In research processing, we have two mentors. One is Verena Kaynig-Fittkau who is Post-Doc fellow of GVI Group and she is actual charge of UROP. And another is Jan Funke who is also outside research like us. He came from The University of Zurich. Verena made plan of our research process and took care of us. But she has many schedules except us and even she used different office with us. So we didnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t receive help from her in case of small and big research problem. At this case, who was filling the blank of her was Jan Funke. He is very clever and gave many assistance in term of research. Meanwhile, VCG group has regular meeting in lunch time of Tuesday. This meeting consists of seminar that is place of presentation about them research and progress, it also supply free lunch not just information. This seminar was very important event since VCG group is quiet big scale, so chance of relation between other research team was small. But In this meeting, everyone was gathered in same place. In fact, there are some of researchers only I could meet in that time.

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Everyone of Visual Computing Group include summer intern

Boston Life Harvard University is located in Cambridge. But in wide view, Cambridge is also Greater Boston area and brookline that is place of my room also Greater Boston area. So I want to say about I lived in boston in period of intern. Anyway, Boston is one of the oldest cities in the USA and the economic and cultural Capital of New England. Also Boston was major stage of American Revolution including Boston Tea Party. So this city has many of tourist attraction related American Revolution and has many of the site of several first such as United States' first public school, Boston Latin School, and the first subway system in the United States. Also this city is famous for education. Not to mention of Harvard, Boston also has many top education institute including Massachusetts Institute of Technology and

Boston University. Especially I liked that Boston both has that semirural tastes of New England and

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modern urban lifestyle in same times. Beautiful sight along Charles River was too enough that relax my body and soul and many of parks between forests of building make us feels composure. Security is also one of the best in USA (Massachusetts prohibits personal owernship of guns). Those are explained about higher price of Boston But I think this is reasonable thing. As much Boston is good place for living. Public transportation is also well-organized. Subway and Bus system covered entire area and connection of two systems is also well-organized. So we could go everywhere we want just use public transportation with a pass-card (It called Charlie Ticket). I knew most

cites

well-organized

USA

doesnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t

transportation

support personal

vehicle is essential thing. But I think Boston has

taken

greater

care

develop

adequate public transportation system. Another noticeable site is the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston. This is one of the largest museums in the U.S.. It contains over 450,000 works of art and this museum charges only service fee on Wednesday. I think this is must visit if you ever have the opportunity of going to Boston. However, I was having expectation of Boston Symphony Orchestra that is one of the most famous orchestras in world, the summer was not regular seasons. So they perform at the Tanglewood in summer season. Since Tanglewood is some far from my scope of activity so I didnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t have the opportunity to listen to this world famous orchestra.

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Regretting fact However there are many regretting fact in UROP. First I lived in Korean rent room. This is comfortable in term of contract or something, but I think I lose many chance of English life. Even I have a day that is I never used English. Since the chance of studying depend on oneself completely, if I had another chance of living abroad, I would opt for a different living arrangement. I also believed that I should have prepared more before mydeparture. Eight weeks is too short a period to complete such a big project. If I knew about project before starting UROP, then I could take help from our professor in familiar situation. Then it would be work in entire project.

My Conclusion about UROP The purpose of UROP is that we are experience and learn about research method in foremost institute. But we could learn about not only that but also chance of advice and counsel by greatest scholars and motivation of being global reader, consideration about studying overseas and so on. My sight was greatly expanded with this program, and I think that this chance will be gifted to other student. To date, my experience at Harvard has been the most memorable of my entire university career.

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□ Name: Kang, Da-Yoon (shaid86@unist.ac.kr) □ Host Institute: Hong Kong University of Science and Technology □ Participating Program: UROP □ Study Period: June 13 ~ August 24, 2012 (8 weeks) During

this

summer

vacation,

participated

undergraduate

students’internship

program in HKUST. HKUST is Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, which is benchmarked by UNIST. The laboratory was IEEM lab which is research about the Human factors Engineering. In the HKUST, I took part in a research that is related to OTA. OTA is acronym of One Target Advantage. This is a phenomenon of taking longer time when people has two targets, rather than they have one target.

For example, the length of A and B is the same. And the size and shape of target is the same. But, in case of A, the subject has two targets. The subject draws a line from the first circle to the second circle, and then draws the line to the third circle. In case of B people draw the line from the first circle to the second circle. The length between the first circle and the second circle is the same between the case of A and B. Even this kind of situation, it takes longer time in case of A rather than B. So in the experiment, we used mouse and tablet as input device. Also we used eye tracker and video recording to observe the movement of eye. Each time we do an experiment we should find the proper eye image, and match the eye movement with the screen. But it was very difficult to find the proper image of Asian people.

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Also during the internship period, I sit in the Design of Experiment class for the graduate students. Actually I took the statistics and Experimental design course in UNIST. But I was afraid of

when I face

the

statistical

problem. When I listened to the DOE class in HKUST,

found

probability

having

confidence to do statistical problem. Since I could find some part of DOE class for graduate students were already learned in Statistics and Experimental Design, which was a prerequisite course at UNIST. During the period of UROP, I had a chance to have a presentation in front of the whole member of IEEM laboratory. Even though the number of members is small, it was very nervous since I thought I represent the UNIST students. I chose â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;TEDâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; as a topic. And it was great experience since the members helped me to check about my presentation skill from the first thing. In the IEEM lab, I had a chance to experience other equipment. It was motion scanner. With attaching some sensors on joints of human body, and moves inside of area that captures cameras, then we can monitor the movement of human body on the screen. I heard about it when I took a course, Introduction to Human factors Engineering, but it was the first time to watch it in front of me. It was interesting that we can observe the movement of human body via screen. In the HKUST, the best thing I liked was the facilities for the students. Every student who has the ID card of HKUST can use all facilities inside the school free of charge. Swimming pool, climbing wall, fitness center, squash court and printing service. So

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many students enjoyed the various exercise every day. I could use outdoor swimming pool too. So everyday, I enjoyed swimming. Also the environment of HKUST was very beautiful. HKUST locates near the clear water bay, so students can see wonderful sea every day. And in the weekend a lot of yahts are on the clear water bay and it was very wonderful. At the end of the UROP period, professor Ravi showed us beautiful spot of Hong Kong. He took us to monkey mountain, and Victoria peak,

Central,

and

Ranquai

Fu.

Since

the

HKUST locates far from the center of the city, it was hard to go out and enjoy Hong Kong life. But thanks to professor Ravi, we could get around many spots of Hong Kong in a short time. Especially, he wants to show us not just famous point, but also unique place he found. So it was great time. And even I couldnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t speak Cantonese or Mandarin all Hong Kong people could speak in English. And inside the university, every thing was written in Chinese and English so there wasnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t difficult thing .I really like to recommend other friends to go to HKUST if they have chance.

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□ Name: Lee, Su Yeon (dltn0984@unist.ac.kr) □ Host Institute: Hong Kong University of Science and Technology □ Participating Program: UROP □ Study Period: June 13 ~ August 24, 2012 (8 weeks)

I visited Hong Kong University of Science and Technology for a one month research internship. It was great experience for me to help the experiment and analyze the data. The campus and Hong-Kong are fantastic. 1. Traveling Every weekend, I went out for traveling. I went to Tsim Sha Tsui, Causeway Bay, Central and Etc. My lab professor brought me to Vitoria peak and Kam Shan Country Park which is famous for monkeys.

<Kam Shan Country Park> Kam Shan Country Park is good for drivers to see monkeys. Monkeys seemed dangerous, But They don’t hurt people actually. So some people get out of their own car, and then see monkeys more closely. It was great for me to see huge amount of monkeys, which I rarely see in Korea. And also normally people do not think monkey when they think about Hong Kong, People usually think of shopping. So it was unique experience to see the other side of Hong Kong.

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2. Life in Campus I resided in HKUST dormitory. There were two kinds of Dormitory, one is for undergraduate students and the other is for graduate students. I used one for undergraduates and for one room, it is consist of two beds and two desks. So two persons can live in one room. But inside the room, there is no bathroom. So students have to go out to a communal bathroom for bathing or going to the bathroom. This was inconvenient and vexed many students who stayed in the dormitory. <Right after arrival at Dorm> Right

the

dormitory,

there

swimming pool, sports ground, and tennis court. So every day after internship program, I went to swimming pool or sports ground to exercise. It was great for keeping in shape. The best thing abot this campus is that directly in front of dormitory there is a beach. I heard that students in HKUST sometimes go to the beach and have barbecue parties. Since I was just visiting as an intern student, I couldnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t join such events, but sometimes, I just walked down the beach and enjoyed the sights and sounds of the everything around me.

<In front of Dormitory> Before going to HKUST for UROP program, I was not sure that this program was

- 140 -

really good or not. So I thought about cancelling. But after a one month, I thought like time goes so fast, and one month is too short, which means it was really a great experience. By helping the experiment and analyzing the data I was able to improve my research skills and develop a better understanding of my field of inquiry

People in HK were

so nice and environment surrounding the campus was also great. So if there are some students who want to go HKUST for UROP program, I definitely recommend going. It can be excellent experience not only for studying but also for journey.

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□ Name: Kim, Yong-Il (kyigold@unist.ac.kr) □ Host Institute: University of Waterloo □ Participating Program: UROP □ Study Period: July 02 ~ August 23, 2012 (8 weeks)

The

following

report

for

the

Undergraduate Research Opportunity Program (UROP). 1.

1st

day

and

1st

week

(2012.06.30

–

2012.07.07) I took off from Korea at Gimhae International Airport and transferred to another plane at Tokyo Narita International Airport to my final flight destination Toronto. I was very anxious because I heard that entering Canada was very tricky but it was easier than expected. After the immigration process, I left using the shuttle from Toronto 피어슨? International Airport to go to where I would be staying for 2 months in University of Waterloo. A several other people who were going to the same direction were also on the van with me. (To use this shuttle bus, I had to register online a few days prior. The cost of it was as expensive as $90 Canadian dollars but since I had much to carry and I didn’t know any other way, I just took the van.) It took about 2 hours to get from the airport to the dormitories of University of Waterloo. Finally, I met the person who was subletting me his place for 2 months. He was a Korean student and he showed me around. After I unpacked the things I brought from Korea, my first day was over. July 2nd was a Monday and it was a national holiday, hence my first day of work in rd

the lab started on the 3

of July. I met professor Linda F. Nazar, Brian Adams and

Robert Black who I would be working with for two months. I was given a short tour

- 142 -

of the lab and I was instructed to what sort of experiment I would be working on, the background and holistic idea of the experiment, as well as a scientific paper related to this experiment. The first day passed by as I tried to read and understand the paper I was given. This is what day looked like for the rest of the time I was there. I went to the lab only Monday through Friday. I was to be present by 9:30 in the morning and everyone would have a 1 hour lunch break. Around 2:30pm there was coffee time with some people in the lab and we would get some cheap coffee from a convenience store in the building. Every day I would go home around 7:00 pm. However, sometimes if there were lots to do, I went home after 9:00 pm. The experiment I worked on while I was there was on Lithium-Air (O2) batteries. More specifically, I studied the electrolyte, cathode active materials, binder, and the applications of RDE in Li-Air batteries. Before I went to the lab, I was told that the lab was old and I might be disappointed with the lab environment. I did indeed have some trouble working with the old machines but overall it wasnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t too much of a problem and I liked the lab environment. During the weekdays I spent my time doing experiments and on the weekends I went on trips using the express bus. On Sundays, I would have some rest and maybe go on walks near my dorm or go shopping at the Mall nearby. The first weekend I went to the Rogers Center which is the home of the Toronto Blue Jays, and I also went shopping to the closest mall which is Conestoga Mall. I found all the information about how to get to where using Goolge Maps and some information provided by Student Life Centre (SLC). SLC is a student center where there is an information desk open 24 hours a day 365 days a year. The information desk provides you with how you can get to

- 143 -

where as well as sells tickets so that you can ride the city bus or the express bus more cheaply. There are also pamphlets and bus schedules that you can pick up any time. All the people working there were very kind, polite and very helpful.

2. 2nd week (2012.07.08 – 2012.07.14) I focused on doing well with the experiments on my second week. The following pictures are the way I walk to my lab.

The experiment I worked on the second week was synthesizing a new electrolyte that would be used for Lithium-Air Batteries. Our goal was to make a new kind of electrolyte that possibly fixed some issues that were reported on a paper published about ether based electrolytes. My job was to help Brian Adams out as he was in charge of this experiment. This experiment was done by using organic chemical methods, for the scale of the experiment was quite large, the experiment was quite difficult to carry. One thing I was surprised as I worked in the lab was that the professor didn’t tell the students how to do what in detail, but the students found the problem and tried to figure out the solutions on their own. I thought I should do the same when I go back to my lab at UNIST. On the second weekend, I went to the Rogers Centre to watch Toronto Blue Jays’game. I have always enjoyed watching baseball and I was particularly excited for

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this game because Korean baseball player ShinSu Choo’s team, the Cleveland Indians were playing. I took the express bus to go all the way to Toronto for this game. It was quite an scene to be in Toronto because Waterloo had more of a country scene with low story buildings and quiet neighborhoods as to, Toronto which was a huge city with very tall buildings. Since two of Toronto’s tourist attractions was the CN tower and the Rogers Centre, it was easy to find the stadium since the CN tower was very tall. It was really amazing to see Shinsoo Choo practice since I came to the stadium early. The stadium was enormous and the convenient facilities were great as well. Also, I was astonished by the dome stadium which doesn’t exist yet, in Korea. I believe because of baseball player Shinsoo Choo, there were a lot of other Koreans who came to watch the game. Whenever Choo was up front to hit the ball or catch it, I could hear a lot of noise from the audience. I assumed this was because the other team knew very well how good of a player Choo is.

Choo’s team lost the game but it was a great experience having the opportunity to watch a Major League game in such an environment. That was the end of my second week

3. 3rd week (2012.07.15 – 2012.07.21) I focused on my research on the third week as well. I also planned what I was going to do on this weekend and the next weekend. On the third weekend I went to

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the Farmer’s Market which is like an old fashioned market in Korea. The market opens on Thursdays and Saturdays. I have never seen so many Canadians in one place! There were various fruits and vegetables, other household items, and food in the market.

I had some freshly squeezed juice while I walked around. The beautiful weather and the warm sun put me in a good mood.

4. 4th week (2012.07.22 – 2012.07.28) I did some research during the week as well as attending some seminars and presentations by other professors and students. The seminar that I attended was about display and solid state physics. The professor who gave the seminar was from Oxford University in England. I was proud to be Korean when I saw some other Koreans as co-workers. There was also a presentation I attended which was a student presenting a plan for an experiment they wanted to carry. At this presentation, the student’s advising professor as well as other professors asked many questions and the atmosphere was very intimidating. I thought that this kind of presentation would be frightening but it would also be a good experience to deepen the student’s knowledge. On the fourth weekend I went to the most famous tourist attraction of Canada the Niagara Falls. It was tiring and exhausting since I had to transfer on a couple busses

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before I could arrive there. However, the scene I saw as I arrived there was breathtaking! I was a bit disappointed since I couldn’t take my time to see everything since I had to leave early to head back home. 5. 5th week (2012.07.30 – 2012.08.04) During

the

week,

did

lots

experimenting as usual. This time, I got the chance to assemble a Lithium-Air Cell that I have always wanted to do. My knowledge is a bit shallow, but I am told that the method you use to make a cell is extremely important and the way that you do it is also different for every lab. As I was doing this experiment, I thought that the method we used in the Prof. Nazar’s lab was very creative and well planned. Also, even though lithium-air cells are far from being used commercially, it was inspiring to see these people work on the cells that would be used in the future. 6. 6th week (2012.08.05 – 2012.08.11) & 7th week (2012.08.12 – 2012.08.18) As time passed by in a split second, I only had 3 more weeks left at Waterloo before I could go back to Korea. Because only little time was left, I tried my best to make some progress on my experiments. While I was doing the experiments, I also took some SEM, drew some graphs for the cells I had made earlier, and did some other analysis using other machines. It was interesting to see different results from what I was used to when I was studying lithium ion cells. I also got a chance to have lunch and dinner with other members in the lab. Even though I could not understand parts of the conversation, and I couldn’t be involved in the conversation, it was still a great feeling that there was some common ground where we could have a conversation. It was also great to get to know the lab members in a deeper level.

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On the weekends, I went shopping for gifts for friends and family who were in Korea. I bought some maple syrup and ice wine. There was a festival going on and people came out to have fun with their family and friends and I thought that the scene was pleasant. Traffic was controlled so that the cars would not be driving where the festival was taking place. 7. 8th week (2012.08.19 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 2012.08.23) This was my last week. I packed up my bags and I took time to finish off the experiments that I was working on. I got sick because of the anxiety brought because of the thought of going back home and I got sick. It was bittersweet thinking of leaving this place Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ve been for 8 weeks. On the last day I said goodbyes to Prof. Nazar and my lab mates, especially Brian Adams and Robert Black and headed home. It was not an easy time for me to leave Korea alone and work in a lab being the only Korean. However, I will always cherish this experience and the memories.

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□ Name: Ahn, Seong-Jun (caffe7latte@unist.ac.kr) □ Host Institute: Rutgers University □ Participating Program: UROP □ Study Period: July 31 ~ August 31, 2012 (5 weeks)

My UROP ends, it was a long trip but short life. I did learn many of things in this program. When some schedule is done, I usually feel much relived and a sense of sadness. However, after 1 month living in USA, I only feel sorry. Daily life was very fit to me, and comfortable. And I could see, listen, and feel new thing which I had never experienced. Now I want to write my experience shortly based on my diary with my poor English skill. I hope that my experience is delivered well to you.

July 31 ~ With excited heart, I took the United Airlines from Incheon International Airport, departure was the Newark airport via San Francisco International Airport, it tooks about 10 hours to the San Francisco airport and about 6 hours filght to the Newark airport. And then, I took the train to the New Brunswick where is the city Rutgers located for about 1 hour. But, I couldn’t feel tired because everything was strange and novel to me. First, takeoff of flight was unusual case, airplane stalled 3 times, so takeoff was delayed. It was the first time that I had used a foreign carrier.

normally Korean airline or Asiana airline. So, I felt anxious because I couldn’t understand reason why flight is delayed, reason was presented by the English. Anyway, after 40 minutes from regular takeoff time, flight was started and safe. Certain one difference between foreign airlines and Korea airlines was the cabin attendant age. In korea airlines, cabin attendants are very young but in foreign airlines, cabin attendants are very old and little abrasive. I think that they are older than my parents. Anyway, during long flight, I watched a movie, which I had loaded into my iPad, took a sleep, read a book and anticipated the day I would live in USA. Then, flight arrived in San Francisco very earlier than I thought. And I went through

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the immigration in San Francisco. The airport police asked the questions such as ““Why are you come to US””, ““Where will you stay in US””, and etc. Actually, I had the J-1 visa and enough documents to prove my identity, immigration check was not hard. And then, I waited for 40 minutes to take the flight to the Newark airport. And then, I took the flight to the Newark airport. I was not satisfied this flight because there were no blankets in the airplane. But, they use the AC very strongly. So, I was just dying of cold because I only had short sleeves. So, I want to recommend that you

take a long sleeves or blanket when you take a domestic flight in US. Anyway,

after about 6 hours flight, I arrived at Newark airport. Mr. Joo who is the graduated student in UNIST welcomed me. He did experiment for 2 months in Professor. Chhowalla’s laboratory before we arrived. So with his help, I could solve the difficult problem such as dormitory application, etc in Korea. Then I took the train to New Brunswick. In US, there are train officer in every train so they check the ticket. And when we buy the ticket by using ticketing machine, every change is the coin. (1 dollar hasthe form as the both coin and bill) And from train station of New Brunswick, I went to the Rockoff Hall where is the kind of dormitory that I stayed for 2 weeks on foot. It took the time less than 10 minutes. I couldn’t check-in regularly because I arrived the Rockoff hall very lately. However, I could borrow the master key from security guard and enter my room. st

August 1

Dormitory consisted of living room with kitchen, 2 rooms and bathroom for each room. Shape of room was similar with 3rd dormitory of UNIST, 2 persons can live in one room. And likewise common dormitory of Korea, there are no blanket and pillows. So, I couldn’t sleep well. In addition, I was scheduled to apply the dormitory regularly at 10 am. So, I woke up early morning and I took a shower. For reference, common American bathroom doesn’t have the drainage hole except the bathtub. So,

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to avoid the mold, we should take care when we use the bathroom. Anyway, I took my bag and went to the ground floor and dormitory office. Dormitory officer was changed daily. When I applied the dormitory, dormitory officer was the man who resembles the Brock Lesnar (Professianl wrestling). He asked some questions to confirm my identity. He gave me a card key for the main door of Rockoff hall and key for my room. And I took the school bus at the Paterson Street where is 1 minutes walk from the Rockoff hall. In summer vacation period, there were only two bus route. And I took the ‘summer 1’ because this bus route was faster to the laboratory than ‘summer 2’ (And opposite case, from laboratory to the Rockoff hall, ‘summer 2’ route was faster than ‘summer 1’ route. After about 25 minutes, I arrived at the laboratory. When I arrived at laboratory, Prof. Chhowalla waited for me. He said that ““I hope you will have a good life in Rutgers””. From his talk, my UROP life is started. And then, I’m introduced to the group members. Group consisted of one postdoctor, and three graduated students. Post doctor’s name is Damien voiry who is the French, graduated students’ names are Rajesh Kappera (Indian), Muharrem Acerce (Turkish), Maryam Salehi (Iranian). It was smaller group than I thought. Because common maestro professors have lots of members as I heard from graduated student of UNIST. And then, I could look around the laboratory. If I didn’t visit the universities of UK, I might be disappointed but it was not different from laboratory of UK, looked like eighties laboratory. After looking around the laboratory, I sat my set and took a rest because of jet lag. And then, I couldn’t do anything in this day, I was very tired. So, I came back to dormitory at 4:30 pm.

August 2

In this day, I went to the laboratory at 10 am and I was the second person who went to the laboratory. I was embarrassed because the time to attendant tothe office

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is regular such as 9 am or 10 am in Korea. But, in western culture, it is not important thing as I heard from Rajesh later on. They are permitted to attend any times if they do enough allotted work. I thought that it is reasonable method in some point of view. Anyway, and then I just sat and watched the Olympic games until 1 pm because experiment environment was not enough to do my experiment, which was done in Korea. At 1 pm, prof. Chhowalla came to us, and asked what we would like ot have for lunch. And there are two options in Busch campus for the lunch, one is the dining hall and another is the campus center food court. On this particular day, we went to the dining hall. The menu of dining hall was changed daily, and they usually sold the kinds of sliced sandwich bread, bagels, hamburgers, hot dogs, hoagie rolls, salad, shrimp, steak and the like. But, the taste didnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t agree with me. Anyway, during lunch, manish told lots of thing such as worry about my jet lag, experiment schedule, senior researcher who will work with me, etc. So, from this day, I did the experiment with Rajesh for the Doping of graphene and graphene oxide by the transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) and its oxides. Details of the experiment are omitted in this report because I already wrote the experiment report. After finishing the experiment, I wemtback to the dormitory. My first stop wasseven eleven on the ground floor. One thing I was satisfied that clerk of the seven eleven was very friendly. He sensed I had trouble with assorting coin, then he tought me the value of the coins that I was holding. And he said that he is the immigrant from Spain. So, he said thatâ&#x20AC;&#x153;if you

have

any

problem,

Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ll

help

you.

was

very

appreciative of his talking. For reference, I bought the pizza and buffalo wings, their tastes were better than food of dining hall. In addition, they are much cheaper.

Figure 1. Rajesh and me

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August 3

Before start the experiment in earnest, I had a group meeting. Of course, I just listened to the speech of Maryam, Rajesh, Murrahem and Damien in order of presentation. Details of the presentation are written in my notes, but in this report, I just would like to write about ambience and attitude. First, presentation file was not meticulous. They just attached the data without proper explanation in the file. If they did same presentation in our lab at UNIST, they might be criticized by the professor. However, they discussed well during the presentation. So, a lack of the detail explanation in ppt files was not problem to understand their purposes. And the thing I was impressed, professor didn’t approach the presentation as an authority but student. And he didn’t think trifling data useless. This ambience, I really envied. Due to jet lag, I came back at 5 pm and went to the grocery store. The grocery store is not far from Rockoff hall, it’s a brief walk from where I was.. And it sells the lots of food and vegetables cheaply. Above all things, orange juice was very cheap. So, I bought 4 orange juices, which have the 1.8 L volume. (For reference, grocery stores open until only 6 pm. So, I couldn’t go there again because I normally came back to the dormitory after 10 pm.)

August 4th~5th I went to New York in this weekend. In usually case, It takes about 50 minutes and costs 13 dollars for one trip with the train from New Brunswick. Train arrived at th

34 street penn station. And as soon as I arrived at the Penn station, I went to the Times Square. Actually, because Times Square is located in 42nd street, it is proper distance to walk. However, I didn’t know that information I just took the subway. Anyway, it was very novel to me because I could see the scene which I watched in the internet or TV. If I express by words, ““How I stand here!”” But, the thing was

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sad that I didn’t make the schedule, so it was inefficient travel. So, I walked very much but, didn’t go many places. And then, I went to Museum of Modern Art (MOMA) because there are many masterpieces such as Les Demoiselles d'Avignon with a Korean guide. I received a student discount even without submit my international student ID. The museum excepted my UNIST identification card. After touring the MOMA, I went to the Korea town and Hyodong gak which is the store sells the black bean source noodles. Taste was very good because I didn’t eat anything before I went there. However, it was too expensive (With tips, 12 dollars for one black bean source noodles.) After eating dinner, I went to the Empire State Building. In this place police officers inspected visitors just llike customs officials do at the airport. There are two observatories at 86

floor and 102 floor and difference of cost was more than 10

dollars as I remember. So, I watched the scene from the 86th floor because I’m just a poor student. One thing that I was dissatisfied with was the very long wait time to go up to the observation deck. I entered the building at 6:30 pm but I could observe the Manhattan at 8 pm. In addition, I wanted to observe the night scene but sunset didn’t occur at that time. So, I waited about 1 hour and then could observe the night scene. And I came back to New Brunswick and Rockoff hall. And next day, I went to the New York with Mr. Joo. We walked the 5th avenue and did a little the window shopping (because at that time, shopping was the last in my schedule before I came back Korea. However, I regretted this decision later. Can you guess why I regretted the 19th day? And then, we went to the Korean restaurant for lunch. However, I couldn’t feel happy because it was too expensive and servers and wait staff expect tips. the tips more (Generally, amounts of the tips are the double of the taxes as the clerk of restaurant said. I just wanted to give the 1 dollar…….) So, I decided that I’ll never eat the food at the Korea town from that time. Then we took the subway and went to the lower Manhattan to see the Statue of Liberty. And then, I took a picture with Charging Bull statue on Wall Street.

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Maybe,

I’ll get lucky and reep a large fortune in the future.

Then, we went to Wall Street

and took a picture with police officers who check the passengers. After looking around the lower Manhattan, we ate the dinner at McDonalds and took the Staten Island ferry which was recommend by Damien. (Its free of charge. Originally, it is for the commute) But weather was cloudy and rainy little, I couldn’t see the Statue of Liberty in detail. However, water was sloshed because of rainy day, many people took refuge and shouted. So, I felt that I saw the disaster film. After taking ferry, we went to the Century 21 which is similar to a Korean clothing outlet. Products were very cheap so I wanted to do the shopping but I didn’t because we arrived 10 minutes before the close of the store. Figure 2. Photo with Charging bull

August 6th~10th Because I walked and went sightseeing New York a lot in weekends and took a sleep well, I could get over the jet lag perfectly. So, I could do the experiment diligently. (Detail information of the experiment is not important as I think. So, it is omitted.) And for reference, as I told before there are two options for the lunch, busch campus center food court has the 5 restaurants, Moe's Southwest Grill, Burger King, Gerlanda's Pizza & Deli, Szechwan Ichiban, Gerlanda's Coffee. Moe’s southwest Grill is the buritto restaurant and many vegetarian like this restaurant. (So, I didn’t go, I’m meatatarian) And burger king is the very famous so I don’t need to explain and Gerlanda’s pizza is the pizza and chicken restaurant. (Szechwan Ichiban is the Chinese restaurant as I know but it was on the construction during the vacation so I couldn’t go)

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And in Wednesday, I was invited at the Turkish party. They opened the party to celebrate because Ramadan ended. Everything was good, because Turkish are very friendly in common case. But, Turkish food had a strongest scent among I had eaten. So, it was not my style. However, dessert was very sweet and delicious. (Shape was not good. But it was really delicious.) And when my experiment waiting time was too long, I would take an occasional stroll on campus. Campus was very large, woods were dense. There were not only chipmunks but also deer that is bigger than me.

Figure 3. Group photo at the Turkish party th

August 11 ~12

I went to the New York again. In this weekend, I went to the union square and Madison Square Park. There was hamburger restaurant which name is shake shack in Madison Square Park. It is very famous store in New York. I went there for lunch but had to wait for over an hour because of the long lineup of customers. Then I went to the Chelsea market and sogo. Chelsea market sells the various foods such as bread, vegetables, cake, etc. Especially, cake and bread was very popular. So, I thought that if my father comes here, he would be like because he is a baker. And soho was not interesting place. Because, there are many shops for the fashion people but, I was not interested in the shopping at the time. And I crossed the Brooklyn Bridge. The scene was the better than scene when I saw in the empire state building. As I think, Brooklyn Bridge is the best place to observe the New York night scene. Anyway after crossing the bridge, I had the smoothie. It was 6 dollars but it was cheap at the price. And my schedule was taken the subway to come back to the Penn station from Brooklyn but, I wanted to see

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again the scene in Brooklyn Bridge, so I crossed again to come back to Manhattan. It was the best experience in New York. THe next day, I went to the Natural History Museum. This museum also has the discount for the student but, they didn’t check the student ID for Asian people. (In their perspective, Asian people look so much younger than real age. After then, I went to the Central Park. It was just park but I could feel other peoples were calm and composed. There were lots of street theatres, so I could feel fun and took a rest for free.In that place, I was only person who couldn’t feel relax because I had limited time. I thought that if I earn lots of money, I would want to live here at some point in the future. th

August 13 ~17

I got back to the daily life. I did lots of experiment with Rajesh. Rajesh introduced his girl friend to me. They are a well-matched couple. I had to empty my room in Rockoff hall because they wanted to clean the room before starting the autumn period. So, I moved to the Johnson apartment. This apartment was expensive but was good because it is the 5 minutes’ walk from the laboratory and could access the WIFI well. In addition, former resident who was the international student from Korea remained lots of food such as instant noodles, gim, rice and etc. Above all things, in Johnson apartment, there were the blankets. So I didn’t feel cold in that place And I watched the NY Yankees game in Yankee stadium. However, I was late to the game because of doing the experiment. Anyway, I arrived at bottom of the fifth, and Yankees got the score at the bottom of sixth and turned around the game. However, Texas got the score at the top of seventh, eighth, ninth…….. So, the Yankees lost..... (In fact, when yankee turned around the game, I took a picture with delighted Yankee fan of US, but that was all) And then I came back to the laboratory and did the experiment until 4 pm because I was absent.

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August 18 ~20

I went to the Washington DC by using megabus from New York. It took less than 5 hours. Weather of New York was rainy but when I arrived at Washington DC, it was sunny. As soon as arriving in Washington DC, I went to the capitol of the US because I made a reservation for the tour. Like as airport, when I entered to the capital, polices inspected me. I watched short movie and took a tour with guide. After then, I took a bicycle because I was very tired because of long trip at bus. I was pleased to ride a bicycle because it was been long. Besides, if I didn’t ride a bicycle, I couldn’t look around whole Washington DC.

Figure 4. Photo in front of Thomas Jefferson memorial

And I stayed at Hostel International Washington DC. I met a Dutch gentleman who traveled to the Eastern U.S. from the Netherlands. He was very friendly, so we had lots of good conservations. For reference, everything of hostel was very good except AC. AC was too strong to endure. However, Dutch who I wrote above and older man from Siberia didn’t wear the top and didn’t cover the blanket. I marveled at their tolerance of the cold. The next day, I had my most unfortunate experience. My schedule was looking around the various museums but when I waited for the opening of national gallery, my wallet which had about 400 dollars and all credit cards was stolen. Police and employee’s of museum said to me ““Calm down and think how you will do.””But I was still very embarrassed. Anyway, I went to the police and wrote the police report and police said to me if investigation is completed, he will give me a call. (But there is no call yet. I haven't heard from him for a month now.) Anyway, my bus ticket was in my cell phone, so I could come back to New York.

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And then, I slept out in the open, went to the Woori Bank to reissue my check card. But, in common, Korean bank of New York doesn’t accept the personal customer. So, I changed my Korean money which was in my bag to the dollars and just came back to New Brunswick.

August 21

~ 24

I did lots of experiment because Rajesh was on the vacation in this week. So, I could learn and did the experiment myself such as gold coating, using 4 point probe station, etc. It was very interested because it could be understood well theoretically compared with the synthesis of nanomaterials which I usually did in my laboratory. And I opened a new account with a US.. bank. First, I went to the Bank of America, but they demaned two ID cards (However, all of my ID card except passport were in my wallet T.T)

Then, I went to Chase, but they

demand 26 dollars (But, I only had the 12 dollars…….) Finally, I went to the Wells Fargo and I could open a new account. For reference, if you want to receive the money from Korea, It takes about 2 days. Figure 5. During experiment

August 25th~30th There was nothing special. I did experiment and took a rest in home because I didn’t get over the shock from robbery case. But, life in US was not hated, still was nice. And last day, Rajesh gave lots of work to me. And I took a late-night snack which was bought by Rajesh because I did the experiment until 2 am. I didn’t have the time to feel sad because I was very tired and busy.

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And then, Rajesh gave a ride to the Edison train station. And then I went to the Newark airport. I came back to Korea via San Francisco. It was very long and I felt boring and I was depressed. If I have a chance to visit US again, I want to stay more than 1 month. I miss everything about memory in US (Of course, except robbery case)

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Summer Session

- 161 -

□ Name: Lee, Seammul (beautifuls2@naver.com) □ Host Institute: UC Berkeley □ Participating Program: Summer Session □ Study Period: June 18 ~ August 10, 2012 (8 weeks) Introduction I had unforgettable experiences during the summer of 2012. I went to USA to study! It was the first time for me to live in another country. The university I visited was UC Berkeley, which is one of the best universities in the world. I studied 'Game Theory in Social Sciences' during the summer session. It was about two months to stay there, and I've gained a lot in various respects. And now, I want to explain some aspects about my experience, from preparation to real life in USA. I originally accommodate myself easily to new situations, so there's no hesitation to decide whether to go or not. Preparing for my trip to USA, I tried to be meticulous and thorough in everything.

-Costs USD($)

KRW(\)

Registration Fee

$685

\790,500

Tuition Fee

$415(per unit)*4 credits=$1,660

\1,915,700

Boarding Expenses

$2,855 (for Triple room)

\3,293,700

ESTA

$14

\16,200

Roundtrip airfare

\1,300,000

Total

\7,316,000

You should keep in mind that this total value excludes living expenses. For me, it costs about \2,000,000. Fortunately I got a scholarship from my university UNIST. It has somewhat eased me away of my burden. Still the support fund I received was

- 163 -

not enough to cover the entire cost, so I think it should be of further assistance for students planning to go abroad like me.

Study The reason why I applied for this summer session is not just to study English, to develop my academic knowledge and broaden my mental accuity. My actual major is finance and accounting, but also I am interested in economics. Management courses are sometimes ambiguous and lacking of base, because they are related to the actual work. So I needed to make up the weak points through study of more accurate subjects such as statistics and economics. Moreover, the most interesting course among those I ever took is Microeconomics. Through studying that subject I could have an interest in study, and finally get a good grade. One day during the class, the professor explained a little bit about the Game Theory, which is a part of Microeconomics. It was so interesting that I had a desire to study more about it. This subject is not part of the UNIST curriculum yet, Since then, I prepared to go abroad to study what I want to be taught. Studying at UC Berkeley was not so easy for me. Of course I've learned all the classes in English in my university, but American professor's pronunciation and speaking speed was quite different from Korean professors. I had no confidence to do well so asked professor, and he said. "You should make a decision, to continue or drop the course." It makes me seriously think about my present status. I am here to study this subject. And I already knew that it would be hard to catch up. But I couldn't give it up, because this is what I wanted and what I chose for myself. I should take responsibility for my decision and attitude towards my study. After that, I didn't hesitate to ask the professor when I had difficulty regarding the content that was being presented or the assignments that were assigned, and he,

- 164 -

Matt Leister, always kindly replied to me and encouraged me.

I felt so lucky that my

professor was a very nice and generous guy. Every day I had to preview the chapter which he would cover that day, and review it all night long. At first, reading textbook was very time-consuming, but it became increasingly easy as time went on. Sometimes I recorded the professor's saying and repeated it in order to get used to it. And I met a special study buddy, Chunman (Mark) Lee from Hong Kong. He lived just one floor up. We studied together every Monday and Wednesday night. He was very smart boy, so I received much help from him, regarding homework and exam.

Life -Campus Berkeley has a wonderful campus with nature, compared to our UNIST campus. There are well-shaded streets with trees, and people are resting on the grass. Campus is so huge that I couldn't easily remember allthe paths. Every day I went in other ways to go to class, and it was another joy of the life. Also I saw a lot of squirrels and other animals on my way to

UC Berkeley Campus with Sather Tower

dormitory. The campus scenery made me feel alive. One thing you should be warned, however, is that campus is very dangerous at night. There are many shady individuals and beggars. Especially there is a place called People's Park in front of dormitory. Its name seems to be so friendly and safe, but it is a place for drug users. Whenever I passed by, they begged me formoney. At first I felt sympathetic, but my friend said they would buy another drugs when I gave them money. Sometimes I heard the gunshot from there at night. Fortunately UC Berkeley has its own police office, so you can get help whenever you are in danger.

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Also there are many useful places on campus. First one is Cal Rec Sports, which is a sports center for students. It offers its services at the low prices, for only 10 dollars during the summer. Second one is Peets Coffee & Tea, which is a popular cafe like Starbucks in America. You can easily buy some drink and bread, and employees are very kind to customers. Whenever I went to the cafe, one uncle always greeted me with a big smile and gave me some fruits for free. Before I came back to Korea I had given a letter to him. Even now I cannot forget him because he seems like a father. And there were other useful shops like a theater, ice-cream parlor, bookstore, and so on. -Dormitory I applied for residence halls, which is cheaper than any other options because it has a triple room. Among several buildings, I lived in Cunningham. My roommate was one Korean girl, Soojin Lee, from KAIST, and one Chinese girl, Fiona Tao, from Georgia Tech. We all were the same age and had many things in common, so we could easily become intimate. We loved American dramas, singers, and had a interest in adorning ourselves. Also two roommates had many experiences in other country, unlike me, so I received lots of advice from them. And our dormitory held so many events. All residents can become familiar with one another by getting together and enjoying the events. On the first weekend we went to San Francisco together to watch the pride parade. It is a festival for sexual minorities, which is not familiar to Korean people. It was very exciting, but also gave me a chance to earnestly think about them. There were another special events like karaoke, Bollywood night, and so forth. And it offered lots of trips for inexpensive prices. For example, we were able to go to Santa Cruz beach for 20 dollars, and go to Disneyland for 50 dollars. I guess all the expenses for preparing these events include our boarding expenses. Also there are many useful facilities in the residence halls. You can use kitchen to

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use the refrigerator for cooking. On the ground floor, there were a small hall like a meeting point, and therein lay some vending machines, billiard table, piano, etc.

-Weather The weather was sunny but chilly in California. You may think it does not make sense, but it means you should prepare sunglasses and also long sleeves. I've brought just short shirts and pants from Korea. In Berkeley, however, it was cold like an autumn even in the summer. So I had to buy some long clothing. There are several clothing shops near the campus, so I usually went shopping on weekends. And, the good thing is that it's very clear in California that you don't need any umbrella in the summer.

-Eating Before I went to USA, I paid for boarding expenses, including food expenses. UC Berkeley operates its cafeteria by using the meal point system. You can use the meal point by checking your student ID card when you eat in the cafeteria called Crossroads. Each meal deducts your meal point differently, morning costs 6 dollars, lunch for 7 dollars, and dinner for 8 dollars. It is expensive compared to Korean cafeteria, but the prices are high in America so it is a gain to have a meal in the cafeteria in university campus. One more good thing is that you can use meal points in other places - supermarket, sports center, student store, and so on. Although you skip one meal the point does not disappear. It is very useful compared to our UNIST cafeteria system. When I wanted to eat something different, I went other restaurants. There are lots of restaurants near the campus, including several Korean restaurants. I ate just about anything well at first, but someday I felt bloated and indigested. Since then I visited

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Korean restaurant very often - especially Kimchi Garden and Bear Ramen House. When you feel nostalgia for Korean food, I recommend you to visit these restaurants at least once.

Trip -Las Vegas I met a lot of friends in dormitory events, and we promised to go to Las Vegas together. It was a trip for three nights and four days. I went there with six friends, Jingying (Vicky) Teng from Singapore, Renee May from China, Wanyee Lam from Hong Kong, Shalini Brahma from India, Li-chung Kin from Singapore, and David Zhou from Singapore. David Zhou was the leader. He planned our itinerary by himself, and led us. He was such a gentleman. We used the Greyhound's bus for a trip to Las Vegas. It took about 15 hours from Berkeley to get there. I felt terrible motion sickness, so I thought next time I would board a plane surely. Las Vegas is in the center of the deserts, thus the weather was so hot and dry. We had to buy cold waters and drink them, but we got easily exhausted. Despite all the bad conditions, David didn't blessed out anything and always went first. I really thank him. On the first day in Las Vegas, we didn't have much time to enjoy there because we arrived afternoon. We'd done unpacking in the Travel-lodge, then my charger for cell phone suddenly broken, but Las Vegas is a big

city

there's

place

which

sells

Samsung's charger. Fortunately I bought a

Having Dinner with Foreign Friends

new one and could charge my cell phone. And then we just walked around the downtown. I got injured walking, but Vicky had band-aids just in case of a minor

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emergency, so I could deal with the situation fast. At night we watched a show. On the second day, we rented a car to go to Grand Canyon. All friends except me had a driving license. It took more than 3 hours to get there, but they drove the car turn and turn about. Inside of the car was so cool, but it was too hot outside. Even when we arrived in Grand Canyon, we didn't want to go out. Finally we visited Grand Canyon, and it was very vast and somewhat scary. I felt vertigo by trying to see the canyon floor.

All we had a sense of owe toward nature. And I thought about

mountains with trees in Korean, and missed them. Grand Canyon is one of the best places that people should come before dying, but I think one time visit is enough. Getting there takes too long time, and hot and dry weather bothers your sightseeing. On our way to Las Vegas, we bought some food in Grand Canyon and ate it for dinner, but it was not tasty. I got terrible motion sickness, and finally I vomited. That's the reason I don't like this trip so much. Thankfully, my friends helped me a lot by giving plastic bags and water to rinse my mouth. I really appreciated their assistance and concern. Last day, we went to outlet malls. There are many outlet malls in Las Vegas. I went there with great expectations. In reality, however, there's no such special things. They are just like any other stores. Prices are not very cheap and they sold old-fashioned goods. I was disappointed and just bought one pair of shoes. For me the trip to Las Vegas was not a nice experience because I had much difficulty there regarding my condition. Without friends, however, I couldn't do anything. Usually in bad situations people only thought about themselves, but they were so kind to me, and I really had help a lot. I was touched. One more thing I realized is that the importance of Chinese got bigger and bigger. Most friends, except me and Shalini were overseas Chinese people, from China, Hong Kong, and Singapore. They all use Chinese language. Sometimes they talked in Chinese first, and informed us in English. I wanted to participate in their first conversation, but I couldn't because I'm not good at Chinese. I knew that there are

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thousands of millions of Chinese in the world, but I could get a direct feeling of Chinese power through trip to another area. Through all my itinerary, I could broaden my sight. -Los Angeles The trip to Los Angeles was special for me because I went there alone and planned all the things by myself. I really wanted to go there because I heard that weather is so nice, there are many places to visit, and it is similar to Korea. I went there by airplane because I had a bad experience going Las Vegas by bus. It took about 1 hour to get there by plane. It was not inexpensive, but compared to the airfare from Korea to America, it's worth it. I reserved the hotel near Korea Town. I didn't had much experience in Los Angeles because the purpose of trip is just taking a rest. For the same reason I didn't plan to go to Disneyland. Also that's because I'm not a child. On the first day, I just looked around Korea Town and ate Korean food so much. I didn't need to speak in English because even the store signs were written in Korean language. On the second day, I visited Santa Monica Beach. It took 50 minutes to get there from Korea Town. I took a bus at first, and transferred to a metro. The La Metro system was very different from Korea and it was not easy to take the right one. And there I had fun in the water, but I couldn't go far inside because there were some big waves. The last day, I went to Universal Studio Hollywood. It is a theme park for movie making and recreational facilities. Also it has amusement park rides. I had special experiences which I couldn't have in any Korean places. Watching the water show and having a bus tour were most exciting. A trip to LA was fantastic for me. At that time, I was so lonely and felt nostalgia for Korea. Delicious food in Korea town satisfied me, and I met lots of Korean people there. The weather was so nice, so I thought it would be nice to live in LA. For a while I was jealous of students who go to UCLA to study, but I realized again that I

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came Berkeley after careful consideration. Vice Versa. People who visit Berkeley just once might think Berkeley is better than any other place.

Conclusion Through the summer session, I've earned a lot. At first I was not sure I could do well in my class, but finally I've passed the course. I can develop my academic knowledge and be familiar with English classes. Except for the academic experience, I've learned how to cope with difficult situations, understand cultural differences, and so on. Also there are bad sides regarding my physical and mental condition. Living in another country and study there was different from what I had imagined. But whenever I had difficulty in studying, and suffered from disease or felt lonely, foreign friends sincerely helped me. I'm so lucky to meet such good friends in America, and still we contact to each other on Facebook. It

was

very

good

opportunity

which

ordinary students cannot easily have. I really appreciate UNIST supporting me, I also feel thankful to my family and friends for cheering me

up.

memories

I'll

never

during

the

forget

summer,

wonderful and

will Durant St. in UC Berkeley Campus

cherish every moment I had there.

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□ Name: Lee, Seokju (kazerl@naver.com) □ Host Institute: UCLA □ Participating Program: Summer Session □ Study Period: June 25 ~ August 17, 2012 (8 weeks)

Hello, this is Seokju Lee, an engineering student in the school of Electrical and Computer Engineering at UNIST. I'm going to talk about my full story and information about UCLA during the summer session. I hope this will help you.

Preparation Before I applied for the summer session at UCLA, the only thing I prepared was a report for the English proficiency test. I took the IBT first, and fortunately, the result was exactly the cut-off score. Actually, that was allI prepared for the application. After getting the proficiency for English, I chose two major courses to study during the summer session. However, I strongly recommend you to choose only one major course with other liberal arts courses. I'll talk about this later. After that, there were some official papers to go abroad to the USA, like my passport, an I-20, and a visa. I had my passport already, so I only prepared the I-20, and visa. The I-20 is like documentary evidence that proved I was going to the USA to study at this school. I got this paper from a Korean agent, named 'ATLAS', after I'd applied for the UCLA summer session. ('ATLAS' is a Korean agent with US universities. UIC is connected with this agent.). This is a really important document, like the passport and visa. Getting a visa might be the final cut to go to the USA, but it's not that hard. I went to the embassy during the semester, and the interview questions were just about where my school is, and why did I want to come to America. After the

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interview, the delivery of the visa only takes a week. Actually, making the online reservation was more stressful than the interview. I recommend that you reserve early, because there are lots of questions to do and the interviewing date is tight. I also prepared a cellphone before I went to UCLA. My smart phone was country-unlocked, so I just bought the USIM chip, and used my phone there. If you want to make international calls between America and Korea, you have to prepare the international card before going out. The last thing I prepared was tickets for my flight. You can get a discount, if you are student. I didn't know about that, but I heard there are several discount programs for studying abroad.

After arrival I arrived in LA on Sunday, and went to UCLA by Korean limo right away. There are several ways to go to UCLA, which are taxi, limo, bus, and shuttle bus. The limo is like a van and it costs similar to taxi. The cost was maybe around 50 dollars. It was quite expensive, and so is the taxi,

but the bus is hard to catch, so I recommend

that you take the shuttle bus, which is called 'Super Shuttle'. It costs about 20 dollars, and goes directly to the UCLA dormitory. After arriving at the dormitory, I checked in at Rieber Hall. When I got in to my dorm, the roommates were already there. Two students were American, and one person was Australian. We introduced ourselves in the living room. The problem was that only I was not a native English speaker, and not good at speaking English. Even now, I can't remember what I said at that time. However, what I remember is that they were so kind, and made me really enjoy myself. So you don't have to worry about speaking English at first. After that, I went to Kerckhoff Hall to get my student ID card. With this student card, I could use my meal plan at the dining hall, and buy some drinks or snacks from

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vending machines.

Life on campus The weather in LA was really clear. Even though I went there in the summer, it was not that hot. Of course, it’s hot, but not humid, so it feels so pleasant. When I stood in the shade, it was even quite cool, so I had to take long shirts when I went outside at night. There was little rain, so you also don’t have to worry about the rain. Maybe, it rained two times at night during my summer session, but not that much. I lived in an on-campus dormitory. There were three options of dormitories to choose from; Rieber Hall, Saxon Suites, and Off-campus apartments. I chose the Suites with double rooms, which are for 4 students with 2 bedrooms. My roommate was an American, called Kyle. He was a UCLA student from San Francisco, and fortunately was the same major as me, a Computer Science student! We even got one common course during the summer session. It was really lucky for me. Kyle was truly kind and thoughtful, so I learned a lot from him. The other guys in the opposite room were an American, and an Australian, called Matt and Eric. Matt was originally a UCLA student, and Eric was on a summer session like me, but only for 6 weeks. Matt was majoring in Physics, and Eric was in Economy. During living in the dorm, there were lots of episodes, but here is one thing I want to talk to you about cultural differences. Just a few days after I’d met my roommate, Kyle, he said that his girlfriend was coming to see him. At that time, I thought he was just saying that he wanted to make a date with

My Roommate, Kyle

her. But it was my mistake. She stayed that night in

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our room, and for two more nights. They were so natural even though my bed was right next to theirs. Actually, she stayed in our room for about a week. For the first couple of days, it was so strange that I intentionally kept being outside of my room. However, looking back on it now, those kinds of acts were so ridiculous. They were just enjoying themselves, and that’s the way American to have fun. On the last day of her visiting, we played basketball together, and we all became friends. And after that, I asked Kyle a lot of questions about the culture of ‘relationships’. Actually, they were both minors, and both parents knew about the relationship. People here were so open-minded that relations between girlfriends and boyfriends were limitless. He was even surprised that our university policy bans access to the opposite sex in the dorms. That was indeed huge shock to him. So, what I learned from this experience is that there are various different cultures in the world, and it is not always true that mine is better. Anyway, living in my dorm was so pleasant. It was much better than UNIST’s. The weather was so perfect that we didn’t need to use the air conditioner. Actually, only Saxon Suites don’t have the air conditioner. Every week, housekeepers came to our room, and cleaned up everything from the bathroom to the living room. The only weakness about my dormitory was bugs. I saw lots of house centipedes on the wall and desk. Saxon Suites was more like a wooden pension, so it contains lots of wood bugs. But, there weren’t any mosquitoes, even though it was hot summer. Kyle said that there are only a few mosquitoes on the campus.

Foods The food was the best thing in my summer session. UCLA dormitory dining hall has the best meal service among universities in USA. My meal plan was 15 meals per week, but I recommend you to choose 11 meals per week, because mostly on week days, I ate lunch at the student union hall, called Ackerman Union, but on weekends, I was off campus. Dining halls in the dormitory were based on buffet. There are

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several halls in the dorm, called Hedrick, Covel, De Neve, and the FEAST. I was a summer session student, so my dining hall was fixed at Hedrick. However, I could eat at the FEAST for extra payment, maybe 3 or 4 dollars. The FEAST is a special dining hall and it deals with Asian food service. So, when it was Korean food day, I would go to eat at FEAST with my roommates. On Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, I had continuous class after lunch time, so I usually ate lunch at Ackerman Union, which was near my classroom. There are lots of cafeterias in there. Panda Express is a casual Chinese restaurant chain. There are foods like sweet and sour pork, noodles, and rice. It’s really famous in LA, so there are lots of branches in the downtown. Jamba Juice is also famous. It sells tropical fruit smoothies. There are also an Italian restaurant, called Sbarro, and a Mexican restaurant, called Taco Bell. One of the good things of the in Ackerman Union is that there are meeting rooms with lots of TVs. The Olympics were on during my session, so I could enjoy seeing them at lunch time. There are also lots of cafeterias in Westwood. It is a UCLA extension area, so I could enjoy lots of food there. Actually, mostly I went to In-N-Out Burger. It is so famous on the west side of America. With its unrivalled taste, I couldn’t go elsewhere. However, there are also Korean BBQ and Korean rice restaurants at Westwood.

Classes My classes were two major courses, Introduction to Algorithms and Computer System Architecture. They were literally so hard. In fact, the reason I chose those two major courses was that I had to get credits for the Computer Science Engineering track to graduate. Before that, I’d only completed a few required courses, so, for me, this choice was quite reasonable. However, this was truly my mistake. I couldn’t concentrate only on my studying, not only by the difficulty of those courses, but

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because of other attractive things. As a result, I totally screwed up my grade. Anyway, what I want to tell you is that you have to prioritize what is your goal in this summer session before you get on the plane. In my case, I actually had decided to study a lot in UCLA, but I changed my plan to half study and half enjoy. Here are some tips for you. What I suggest is to choose one liberal arts class and one major class. In the UCLA summer session, most major courses are 8-week programs, but some liberal arts courses are 6-week. Its workload is also less than for the major course. There are MWF courses that run Monday, Wednesday, Friday, and TR courses on Tuesday, and Thursday. Of course, putting courses only on Tuesday and Thursday is better for travelling. If you are not confident in certain lectures, but you have to complete it, I strongly recommend you to change the grading policy. There are Letter Grading (LG), and Pass and Fail (P/F) grading policies. This is the way you see the grades on the transcript, which means that although you get a ‘C+’ in LG, your grade can be indicated only with Pass in P/F. For your information, it’s really hard to get grades in the ‘A’range. One thing you have to remember is that there is a due date to change the grading policy. The distance between classrooms and my dorm took about 20 minutes by walking. However, the road was hilly so it was somewhat tough. I saw lots of students riding skateboards and bikes. Generally the lecture style of professors was not that different from here at UNIST, but the students were different. At UCLA, students were so active. If they have any little question, they raise their hand. There were no students who were dozy, and everyone only focused on their lecture topics. In addition, most students share their ideas with their seatmate without any hesitation. Using office hour was also quite

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different. Each class has its own TA’s office room, and also there is a discussion session every week that students could ask questions in regularly. Furthermore, during the office hour, the office room was full of students. Even if they didn’t have any questions, they came here to hear the questions asked by others. Anyway, both professors and students were so enthusiastic. The homework was quite hard. I think it’s case by case, but in my case, the homework of CS Architecture was terribly hard. Kyle and I took this course together, and he also said that he had never been assigned that kind of homework before. The homework took maybe over 6 hours, and we couldn’t even find any solutions with Google. Actually, we couldn’t try that way because the professor made each problem by himself. Fortunately, I could get help from some people. Kyle was a good helper, and we struggled every weekend. There was also another classmate, named Eric. He is a Chinese UCLA student from San Francisco. He was originally Kyle’s friend, but through our homework, we became so closed. Every Sunday night, we all got together in our living room, and discussed about that homework. Now I come to think of it, it is one of my great memories in UCLA. The other helper was the TA. Fortunately, he was Korean and in a Doctoral course at UCLA. I could get a lot of help from him in the Korean language. Not just class materials, too. I could ask many other things such as about life as a foreign student. I really appreciated him.

Tours Campus tour A campus tour is the first thing I did. I could see lots of historic buildings and movie-like scenery. In the campus, there was lots of grass, and students were lying on the grass while they read books. The weather was so perfect, there were many people studying outside. And there were lots of tourists, so it seems more like a tourist attraction, not a university. Above all, a building called Royce Hall is really

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gorgeous.

During the summer session, there were lots of events. One of them I really loved was the visit from Real Madrid. For about a week, the whole team, players and coaches, trained at the soccer field, because they had a match with LA Galaxy during the free season. I could see all the famous star players like Ronaldo, Casillas, Kaka, and so on. I got their signatures from them and also I watched their open training. It was really impressive.

Real Madrid players training at UCLA Hollywood Before I went to Hollywood, I expected a lot. However, I was disappointed when I arrived there. It was just sidewalks of long distance called the Walk of Fame. You can see Graumanâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Chinese Theater where there are foot prints of famous Hollywood stars, and you can meet main movie characters who are costumed. Whenever you take pictures with them, you have to pay them tips.

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Beverly Hills Beverly Hills is an affluent city in LA. It is world-famous for its luxurious culture and famous residents. The street called Rodeo Drive is so luxurious. Getty Center Getty

Center

well

known

for

its

architecture, gardens, and views overlooking Los Angeles. Above all things, the garden with luxuriant flowers is truly beautiful. It’s also not that far from the campus, so it’s not hard to get there. Even the admission is free. rd

Santa Monica Beach and 3

street promenade

There are lots of beautiful beaches in the America. Santa Monica beach is one of them. It took about one hour to get there. On the pier, there are attractions such as an amusement park called Pacific Park, and a cafeteria. Just near the beach, there is rd

a famous street called 3

street Promenade. The interesting thing here is the street

performance. The break dancers are really famous. The Grove Mall & Farmer’s Market Grove Mall is a shopping street, but actually it was more like a park. Because of its unique exterior, many tourists come here. The Cheesecake Factory is really famous here, but it was so crowded that I couldn’t try it. Beside the mall, there is a Farmer’s Market. Not just grocery stores, but there are lots of cafeterias. Nokia Theatre and Korea Town One thing I enjoyed a lot during the summer session was watching alive concert.

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While I was here, there were several major concerts in LA. The first one I watched was The American Idol Summer Tour. American Idol is the most famous TV audition show in the USA. The Summer Tour consists of live concerts in each state, performed by the top 10 singers it takes place after the season finale. I like American Idol, so it was really great chance to see it. The concert was held at Nokia Theatre located in downtown LA. Before the show I visited Korea Town. However, the appearance of the town was not what Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;d expected. The street was quite dirty, with a lot of beggars, and few sights. Korean restaurants were the only attractions. Hollywood Bowl Another concert I watched in LA was a rock concert at Hollywood Bowl. Hollywood bowl is located on the north side of the Hollywood street. There I saw performances by Kelly Clarkson, The Fray, and many more. On that day the concert was full with about 20,000 people. It was amazing. Home Depot Center Home Depot Center is the soccer stadium of LA Galaxy. I watched the game between LA Galaxy and Real Madrid. The game was exciting, but I had trouble when I came back to UCLA. It usually takes about 2 hours by bus, but I didnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t take into account the waiting time for a bus. It was late night, and unfortunately, I had to wait for an hour at the stadium. The worse thing was that it was near Compton, which is a really dangerous area for tourists. In fact, as we passed Compton, a lot of beggars boarded that bus with alcohol. Some people even asked me for quarters. Fortunately, there was another UCLA student in the bus, and we came back to the school together. Disneyland Disneyland was quite far from the school, so I went here through a travel agency, called California Tour. There are two parks in Disneyland, and I chose a theme park. The guidance recommended this park for a first time visitor. However, I recommend

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you to choose California Adventure, if you want to experience exciting rides. Universal Studio Without a doubt, Universal Studio was the best place I visited. The rides in here were quite different from what Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;d experienced in the past. I bought a ticket called Front of Line Pass, so I could enjoy all attractions without waiting.

Conclusion During my two months in America, I learned many things. Not only what I studied at UCLA, but also I was able to meet diverse people from different places. I made a lot of good friends, and I learned from them. I realized that American students are really enthusiastic in everything they do, and I think this way of thinking is the basis of their capitalism. If they cannot work hard, itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s directly connected to their future. In fact, from what I saw the gap between rich and poor was quite drastic. Maybe that is why they become more individual and reasonable. Anyway, I think there are some things to learn from them. From these experiences, I could broaden my mind, and I feel these experiences truly changed me. I appreciate everyone I met there, and I hope more and more UNIST students have these opportunities.

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□ Name: Oh, Yongkyung (ok19925@unist.ac.kr) □ Host Institute: UCLA □ Participating Program: Summer Session □ Study Period: June 25 ~ August 17, 2012 (8 weeks)

Remind, Prepare and Go global.

Before starting……

Last summer vacation was the most exciting experience ofmy life. I experienced so many things in the USA, and my mind was changed forever during these 2 months. I am thankful to UNIST International Center and Atlas International. They gave me a lot of advice in preparation and I found it very helpful. I also really want to thanks my parents. My father and mother gave me the biggest gift. A 2-month experience is a short time in my life but it is not a small thing. I changed my point of view and develop my dreams. 1.

Preparation to go LA

Making plan is the most important thing

In UNIST, it’s very hard to prepare for external things. Because of the trimester system, we don’t have enough time. Even the registration period and exams are in the same week. So if you want to go abroad, you must do many things simultaneously. If you don’t prepare, you will pay for a more expensive flight ticket and waste your time. In my case, I registered for the summer session course in April and I had midterm exams at that time. Also, I had the wrong registration for the dormitory and meal plan, so it was really hard to prepare everything and get good grades in my exams. Of course, it’s really hard, but if you make approximate plan, you can save money and time. -

Why ‘UCLA’?

Los Angeles is the best place to play and learn. There is the biggest Korean town in the world and China town and Little Tokyo are also there. Likewise there is a really

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diverse population in LA. You can hear Spanish and Chinese more than English. Learning English is important, but in LA, you can learn diverse cultures and globalization. I thought that 2 months would be too short to master English but enough time to learn many other things. My expectation was right. I learned a lot of things, but not English.

Why did I choose that subjects ; ‘Principle of Economics’ and ‘Circuit Theory’

My major is Device Physics. It is one track of the ECE (School of Electrical and Computer Engineering). First of all, I chose the subjects that were related to my major. ‘Circuit Theory’ is the basic subject in Electrical engineering, so I felt I must study this subject in more depth, I expected to concentrate more on this subject in UCLA. The second subject choice was a little bit different. I wanted to study other mathematics subjects that I can’t attend at UNIST. But in order to get credit approval, I must choose subjects that are available in UNIST. Therefore, I chose ‘Principle of Economics’. It’s a very basic subject to understand the economy and I think that engineers must know basic concepts of economy. In addition, in UCLA’s class, I can meet many international students and improve my view of globalization. 2.

From Korea to USA

16 hours different

In fact, I didn’t prepare for going to the USA. I didn’t book the flight ticket in advance neither did I make an exact plan. So I had no choice but to buy an indirect ticket. My itinerary included a stop in Narita, Tokyo. It was very unique experience. I met someone who tried to cheat me and also met a good person who let me know how to get around. It was my second trip to the USA, but I found the flight time really long and boring. Furthermore I couldn’t sleep well because I was very nervous. I was worried about my new environment and how I would adapt to it. At the airport, I could see many people from many countries. Thankfully the immigration test was not difficult. The ‘Welcome to Los Angeles’ sign made me extremely excited. I

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used the super-shuttle from LA airport (LAX) to UCLA. Super-shuttle is system sharing van. I think it is very good traffic system. The shuttle driver dropped me off at UCLA Rieber hall and I checked in to the dormitory. 3.

Campus Life Royce hall – the most oldest building in UCLA

Class and study

I had 4 classes a week from Monday to Thursday. Each class was about 2 hours. I attend all English classes in UNIST, but UCLA’s English class was a little bit different. The professor’s explanation was as good as UNIST’s lectures, but the atmosphere was different. Every student asked questions during the class. So, the class always delayed due to the questions but it made a communicational class. Professor and students debated about the topic and I could understand more efficiently. One subject I chose was related to my major but the other was not . I was used to studying ‘Circuit theory’ as I had studied it as freshman in UNIST and I often solved those problems. Hence the course was not so difficult but too familiar. The ‘Principle of economics’ class was a new subject for me but I am very interested in the economy and social things, so the subject was not boring. I also met a lot of international students. Of course, I got good grades in both subjects. When I attended classes, I felt something was missing. My two subjects were major subjects and I couldn’t meet other summer session students. If I met international students who were experiencing the same things as me, I could have done other things. However, I couldn’t at that time, so I felt annoyed by the lack of opportunities available.

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Dormitory & Roommate

#786 Rieber hall, De neve 310, Los Angeles, CA This was my address for the 2 month trip. I lived in a 3-roommate room. 3 people shared one room and all people on the floor shared the restroom and shower room. At first I was very shocked, because men and women lived on the same floor and in the same building. Also the rule of the dormitory permits either gender visitor can stay in the room. In UNIST, this is impossible. I felt a huge cultural difference. My roommates were ‘Ahmed Sayed’ and ‘Fikret Dincer’. Ahmed was Egyptian and his major was the same as mine (computer engineering). Egypt has suffered a series of serious political events, so he was very interested in political things.

I was able to

debate about North Korea and South Korea with him. Fikret was Ottoman (Turkish). He was older than me and he looked like he enjoyed life. He really liked to travel and shop. So, I didn’t see him in the room much, he always came room very late and slept all day. I think this system is good for making friends. I could meet the other Egyptians and Ottoman (Turkish) people and many people from other countries. -

Cafeteria and so many foods

I chose a mandatory meal plan of 11 meals per week. The cafeteria was a buffet including a wide variety of foods so I had a lot of chance to eat worldwide foods. Although the meal ticket is little bit expensive, I had more chance to meet and talk to other friends. I just put my food down at a random table, and talked to the people sitting there. Most of them were satisfied by the quality of the cafeteria and food. In fact, UCLA cafeteria is the highest ranking of all USA’s university cafeterias.

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The cafeteria was great but I also had a many chances to go to other restaurants. LA has many restaurants and they sell really delicious yet sometimes strange food. Especially when I went to farmer’s market in LA, I saw a lot of different ingredients and food. Some food tasted good but some food didn’t. I always enjoyed the meal and I gained weight.

Everybody workout everyday & everywhere.

I was very impressed because everyone works out all the time. Many people really like to jog. You can see many people who wear comfortable clothes and jog with music. UCLA has many athlete utilities and if you are student of UCLA, you can use them freely. From students to professors, many people workout at the gym. Not only do they workout with dumbbells and barbells, but also they enjoy racquet ball, rock climbing, and dance. Of course many boys and girls do ball games like soccer, basketball, baseball, football and many more. The sports center had a wide variety of educational programs. For example, some programs teach swimming or yoga, and other programs give a chance to go camping. I attended a Hip-Hop dance class and I think it was a very good choice. I practiced new motions and I also made some new friends. In the last class, we recorded our dance and uploaded to ‘YouTube’. It was a very special experience for me.

International student party

In the first week of the summer session, I attended the international student party held by CCC. The members came from other states in the USA. I met a lot of friends and had a good experience. We went to Santa Monica beach and we had a game party.

I could meet other students who were experiencing the same things I was. I

was really thankful for the event and the members.

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When I went to Santa Monica with my friends

About LA

Language, we need to prepare more

English

not

optional

language,

it’s

mandatory. However, we must practice other languages. I heard not only English but also Spanish, Chinese and more. I think UNIST’s mandatory Chinese class is very good for adapting to globalization. One of my friends was from Taiwan and she could speak 4 languages. Surprisingly, she was just 16 years old. I think she is not a very unique case. She is just a part of globalization.I feel that if Korea wants to be a global leader, we must learn other languages as much as possible.

Weather and clothes

LA is always sunny but there are few clouds. During the summer session, I saw very little rain. Many people enjoyed tanning on the beach and I was one of them. After sunset the temperature goes down rapidly. So, at dawn and during the night the atmosphere is little bit cold. The first day I was in LA, I didn’t sleep well due to jetlag and the cold atmosphere, but it is very good for people who want to do outdoor sports.

Too many attractive places

There are really attractive places in LA and along the west coast of the USA. During the summer session, I really like to go out alone and with my friends. I went to almost every famous place in LA. For example if I rode bus, I can get to Hollywood in 30 minutes. I really liked to use the metro system in LA. It is not as convenient as Korea’s system, but it operates 24 hours. (Main routes) I also went to amusement parks such as Disneyland, California Adventure, Six Flags, and Magic Mountain. Amusement parks in the USA are not only for children, but also

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for adults. The crazy-designed roller coaster in Six Flags was very shocking. Its rail was twisted and the seats ware also rotating. I really

enjoyed

the

freedom

and

attractive

rides. I went Griffith Observatory 3 times!!

About USA

We need to consume more

On July 4th America celebrates its independence. Many stores and department stores reduce the price of their products. Of course, the outlet price is much cheaper than the original price. I went to citadel outlet in LA and I saw many people buying and buying. This is just one small example. The consumption means that Americans can do many things leisurely. Many Koreans donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t have time to rest and always do their tasks. We need to take a rest and consume more in order to increase our happiness. Be reminded of this. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Two steps forward, one step backward."

Diversity

Korea is a homogeneous Nation and Country. So we are not used to meeting globalization and diverse things. From appearance to cultural behavior, many people have their own color and characteristics. We must understand these things. My roommate Ahmed did Arabic prayer every day. At first, it seemed strange to me, but it became a familiar thing. It is just a simple case of diversity. You can see really different and diverse people in the world. So, we must practice being open-minded to the world and improve ourselves.

Donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t be afraid

I went on a west coast tour. It took 4 nights and 5 days. I went to San Francisco, Las Vegas and other famous places in California and Nevada. I also met a lot of

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people during the tour. My roommate was older than me and I talked about many things with him. Traveling is very good for undergoing new experiences and meeting new people. With my new friends in Solvaing village

And……..

““Time flies like arrow.”” Two months flew by really fast. I got good grades in my subjects and I met many people from all over the world. I also made many international friends. I grew up during that time. My thoughts and points of view were changed. The 2 month summer session was just one way to develop myself. It gave me a wider view and a different way of thinking. I recommend you to go abroad. If you want to be global leader, you must understand the global world. We can live and study locally but our thinking must develop globally. In Caltech, I saw many people enjoying studying their major and debating. I was very impressed with that. You’re young now, and you can make more chances to find your way .Don’t be afraid and go for it! ‘The Perfection’ in Caltech

Special thanks to ‘Mikhaila Dohyun Lee’

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Culture Exchange Program

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□ Name: Seo, Seong Hyun (shseo627@unist.ac.kr) □ Host Institute: University of Washington □ Participating Program: Culture Exchange Program □ Study Period: June 14 ~ August 16, 2012

On June 12 2012, I arrived in Seattle. Seattle is located in Washington State, which is in northwest America. There are many famous companies and entrepreneurs who have started their businesses in Seattle. Microsoft, Starbucks, and Boeing areall located in Seattle, Amazon and Expedia were started in Seattle too. There are also many tourist attractions. The most famous place is Space Needle. It is a high tower that has a space shaped place on the top. It is the symbol of Seattle. The view from the top of the Space Needle is great but it’s better at night. The space needle is not the highest building in Seattle, Columbia center in downtown is the highest building and the view from the Columbia center is also great. Pike Place Market is another famous place. It is a public market. There are many st

shops including big fish, flowers, and other souvenirs. The 1

ever Starbucks shop in

located in the pike place market. Because Star Bucks

started

Seattle,

many

people

Seattle like coffee and there are a lot of coffee shops such as Starbucks, Tully’s Coffee and Seattle’s Best. There are some big lakes in Seattle. Many people take yachts on the lakes and there are many parks and beaches with lakes. Seattle also has a harbor too so you can see the sea and it is easy to take a cruise in Seattle. There are beaches near the sea too but the water is very cold so only a

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few people swim in the sea. Outside Seattle there are big mountains like Mt. Rainier. These are much higher than Korean mountains. If you are interested in Seattle, you can watch the movie such as Late Autumn and Sleepless in Seattle. The city that Hyun Bin and Tang Wei spend time together in is downtown Seattle. University of Washington My course was a program in the University of Washington. The University of Washington was established in 1861 and it is the largest and oldest state university in the west. It has more than 40 thousands students and has a total of three campuses in Seattle, Tacoma and Bothell. However, Seattle is the main campus. Many people call the University of Washington, UW. UW was ranked 56th in the world according to research done by the British University Evaluation Organization, QS in 2011. The Campus was great and the buildings were antique and beautiful, it was big enough for a stranger to lose their way. The trees were very big. I loved the big trees in UW. There were many big green lawns and there was a pond with a fountain. Although I could not see it, because it was summer when I was in UW, I was told in the spring, the cherry blossoms in UW are great. One thing that I was surprised at was that there were many Asians around campus, more than I expected. In the university street, there were a lot of Asian restaurants too. I was envious of the bookstore. In the bookstore, there were a lot of souvenirs such as T-shirts, caps, cups. Many people bought something there. Actually, I had already

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been to Stanford University and UC Berkeley and many people bought many souvenirs at their bookstore too. If many visitors buy something to commemorate the visit to their university, they might feel great and proud of it. IBEP(Intensive Business English Program) A TOEIC Score is not accepted in other organizations or companies and doesn’t affect the graduation, but you can use the score in UW

and

just

check

your

complete

this

course,

you

certificate

and

graded

ability. can

you

receive

pass

a fail,

actually after the course the instructor gives some kind of report card but if it is not bad you can pass the course. The level of IBEP was easy but the contents were good. I took the ‘entrepreneur and innovation’ class in UNIST and the topic of IBEP was quite similar. However, the class in UNIST was theory-oriented and IBEP covered a wide scope of innovation but does not deal with it in detail. My classroom was located in the downtown campus not in the Main Campus. University of Washington has a small campus, although actually it is small building, located downtown so we could not get a feel for the campus life of the University of Washington well. The downtown campus was close to the main campus so we could go there easily if we wanted, also many people study in the library on the main campus. There were other classes held in the downtown campus too, besides IBEP. Many people go to Seattle to study English for 1 year from March to March so most people had already studied since March therefore I was the only student to take a class for the first time. Many people took classes like IBEP or other English skill oriented class. Usually they will take BUSIP (Business for International Professionals) after taking IBEP and then they can apply for an internship to the

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companies around Seattle. People who take only one class are rare so at first many of classmates were a little surprised andon the last day of class my classmates and I were sorry to part ways. The name of my course was IBEP (Intensive Business English Program). It is a program for non-English speaking students so most people who took this course were Asian, such as Japanese, Chinese, Taiwanese, or Saudi Arabian. IBEP had some business topics like becoming an entrepreneur, trade, and marketing. You could choose one of them. I took the entrepreneur course. Class started at 9:30 and finished at 3:30. During the course I had 3 group presentations. The 3 team projects were very useful for me as well as the other content in the IBEP. I had to converse with foreign team members to make the presentation. It was good experience for me. Every time I made a presentation, it was recorded by video and afterwards, I could check how my presentation looked. There were assignments too almost every day although it did not take a long time. There were quizzes, mid-term and final exams too. This course also had a field trip and a guest speakerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s address. It also contained 2 TOEIC tests, one at the beginning and one in the lastclass, and we sometimes studied TOEIC a little bit throughout the course. In the case of my class, after the mid-point course evaluation, the time used for learning TOEIC was increased because more than half of our classmates wanted it, especially the Japanese students. Different types of people Although there were only Asians, It was first time for me to be friends with foreign people. I studied and conversed with them frequently. We had a meal, drank alcohol, and went to the beach and park together. I felt the difference of culture but also I

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felt the similarity between them and me. For example, Japanese people tend to stick to the rules strictly and they always pay their bill separately. Saudi Arabians tend to be late for class more frequently than others. In the summer, there is the Ramadan period. During Ramadan, Saudis cannot eat anything during the day. After sun set, they can eat something. I heard that all people follow this rule regardless of wealth or social position so even though they were in America they kept to the rules of Ramadan. Based on the differences between us, I could learn how to act or behave around foreigners. We tried to understand and respect the differences, culture or personality of their country. In Korea, I had not tried to embrace the differences of others a lot but as I am staying with foreigners, I should do that. I even watched Olympic soccer game between Korea and Japan with my Japanese friend without any trouble. It was very fun and interesting experience. Each country also had a different English style. Saudi Arabians are good at speaking English so in the class they talk a lot, but East Asians like Koreans, Japanese, Chinese, and Taiwanese are good at writing and reading. I found that my classmates were in various stages of life. Before I went there, I thought that most people would be a similar age to me like sophomore or junior but they were not. Half of them were around 30 and regardless of the age, they had all different goals after this course. Some just went to Seattle just to learn English like me. Some wanted to get a job in America, some wanted to get a job in their country. Some wanted to study more as a regular student in America. I could meet many people who were in different situations to me in terms of country, culture, age, and living condition. I could feel and learn many things from the different people. It was a good experience to understand people and society.

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English Many people think that if they live in America, their English ability will improve automatically but I do not agree. Whether you are in Korea or America, your English ability depends on your efforts. According to your efforts, your English ability can be enhanced dramatically or not. I also did not make much effort to study English. There were Koreans in the class so sometimes I used Korean more than English and because all my classmates were Asian and their English ability was similar to mine, it was not possible for me to experience talking with native speakers all the time. However, if you wanted to enhance your English ability there were a lot of opportunities around you. First, the class helped with business English vocabulary so as I followed the course well I was able to increase my vocabulary and expressions used in business. There were many foreign classmates so to communicate with them, I used English when talking or sending a text message. When I did my homestay, there were foreigners in the home such as the host and other housemates so I talked with them every day. When I turned on the TV, they spoke in English. Everything around me was in English in America although I could find Korean if I tried hard to find it.

Homestay I took part in a homestay. I got the homestay through help from the University International Center.

you

want

homestay,

recommend you check at least two things: first who the host is, and second where it is located. In my case, my hosts were a Filipino and Vietnamese couple. They were very kind to me and I still thank for them but I wanted to stay with an original American

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family. Your location is very important. Some area can be dangerous and far from the university. Many people say that America is dangerous but it depends on the area. Some areas are quite safe and some areas are dangerous. Sometimes the homestay can be far from the university or transportation can be bad. One of my classmates had to transfer busses to go to his homestay and the bus was not frequent. Fortunately, the location of my homestay was good. It was close to the university and downtown and it was safe. If you are lucky, you can meet the good homestay friends. In my home, there were two other people. One was from Jamaica and the other was Chinese.

Summer in Seattle Summer is the best season in Seattle. I felt lucky to be in Seattle during the summer. In other seasons, it rains frequently and it is gloomy, but in summer it is sunny but not that hot. In summer the usual high temperature was from 23 ~ 27. Sometimes it was around 30 but that happened only a few times during my stay in Seattle. Although it was hot, it was not humid so when I was in the shade, it was cool. Sometimes it rained but it was light. I heard that it was very hot in Korea this year so fortunately, I could avoid the hot weather and rainy season. In summer, there are a lot of events in Seattle like air shows, Sea fair parades, Pride parades and so on. Many of the events were held by the companies around Seattle. These companies are likely to repay the support and interest of citizens. There were many visitors too. Seattle in summer is very active. Travel

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I also recommend travelling America after you program. It was very difficult for me to go to America because it is expensive so I traveled throughout America while I was there. If you study in UW, I recommend travelling West America such as LA, San Francisco, Las Vegas, and San Diego. If you have time, a cruise tour is also good because many cruises are available in Seattle, if you are based in other cities, you should go to Seattle and take a cruise. Seattle is in northwest America, it is close to Vancouver, Canada, so you should visit there. If you receive a signature on your I-20 from the university, you can go to Canada with your I-20.

I traveled to San

Francisco in West America. It was great. The buildings were beautiful and there were many tourist attractions such as the Golden Gate Bridge, and Pier 39 where there are sea lions. There are also many hills in San Francisco. Famous universities are located around San Francisco such as UC Berkeley and Stanford. I also went to New York and Niagara Falls. At that time, my friend was traveling East America by train so we planned to meet and travel

New

York

and

Niagara

falls.

Unfortunately, we only stayed for a very short time

New

York,

but

was

great

experience in the big apple. Niagara Falls was wonderful too. I felt the force of Mother Nature. I felt that 10 weeks was a very short time but precious time. I felt a lot of things but I think that I did not prepare for this opportunity well so, although it is the very nature for everyone I know, I recommend preparing well if you want to get something more from this course. More specifically speaking, I think that before you go to America you should set your own theme, purpose, and priorities for this course. In my case, I did not set certain goals for this course and I just thought that I could experience American life and culture but it was a too ambiguous goal.

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I did

not study the IBEP course well because my purpose was not to study business and I just spent times without any purpose. Towards the end of the course, I realized what I wanted to do in America. It was to study or research the environment in Seattle, America. I am interested in environment and Seattle and Washington State. The University of Washington is also famous for its environmental research. If I had researched Seattle more and I had set a certain goal, I would not have had to spend time finding out what I wanted to do. Only after a few weeks did I realize that Seattle has a good environment. Therefore I recommend that other people who are planning to take these kind of courses should research the city that they are going to go and set a clear goals not just tours. Although I did not set a plan or certain purpose, I gained a lot of things from this opportunity. I could make foreign friends and also the experience life of an American. If you go to America with a good theme in mind, you can get more benefits from this opportunity. It was a great experience and I hope more and more people can enjoy these good opportunities.

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□ Name: Lee, Jun Hwa (hnsm19@gmail.com) □ Host Institute: University of New South Wales □ Participating Program: Culture Exchange Program □ Study Period: June 2 ~ August 3, 2012

Before writing this report, I would like to say that I appreciate UNIST for giving me this invaluable opportunity. Motive The basic idea of this journey was to escape from my boring routine. All students had a fixed routine to achieve the same goal, which is achieving a high score in each semesters and a gaining a bachelor's degree as soon as possible. Despite the fact we had studied hard to enter our university during high school, we were continually studying for the next steps in our life. In the meantime, I felt an intolerable thirst for some different experience. And this opportunity suddenly came across my mind. Preparation I was bewildered when it came to preparation because I didn’t know how to prepare and nobody explained it to me.

So I have noted down some important points. If

you want togo UNSW, look at the advice shown below: 1. Passport issuance. Things to prepare: a passport photo, ID card, commission (55,000won) 1) Fill out the passport application in your city hall. 2) It takes at most 7 days to get your own passport. 2. UNSW application. 1) Take your passport and go to the international center in the library. 2) Then complete the UNSW application and payment

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3. Flight reservation 1) You have to know your course duration. 2) Find your flight reservation website. As for me, I used www.webtour.com 3) Make a reservation ASAP to get the best ticket. 4. Visa Choose one option and apply. 1) e-visa (electronic visa) ․You can stay in Australia for 3 months. ․Employment is prohibited. ․No additional fee (free). 2) Student visa ․You can stay Australia during the course and one additional month. ․Employment is allowed. ․Additional fee needed 3) Working holiday visa ․You can stay Australia for 1 year. ․Employment is allowed. ․Medical examination and additional fee needed Saving money If you don’t want to pay extra money for a homestay (AU$255/week), go to www.gumtree.co.au to find a comfortable and cheaper house. Or use google.com.au and search ‘share accommodation Kensington’. Either way you can save money. If you don’t want to pay extra money for pick-up (AU$150), use a taxi (it depends but its usually less than AU$80).

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Sydney life

Living costs in Australia are around twice that of Korea. Practically it’sa little less than twice. Given that Nongshim’s instant noodle Shinramyeon costs AU$1.6, you may feel like it’s twice as expensive. As such, if you enter a normal takeout restaurant, you should prepare at least AU$4. The cheapest Kimbap, people here call it roll, starts from AU$4 each. However, a 2L carton of milk is only AU$2, 1kg beef costs around AU$18, and a whole uncooked chicken cost AU$6. To sum up, dairy products and meat tends to be cheaper while industrial products cost more.

Transport in Sydney is quite expensive and a bit obsolete compared to our MYB system. Sydney uses a card system. So before getting on a bus, go to a news agency (or convenience store) and buy a ticket called My Bus, then get on the bus. Put the ticket into the machine next to the driver. The price depends on how many sections you pass. It costs you AU$2.5 for 1~2 sections, AU$3.5 for 3~5 sections, and AU$4.5 for over 5 sections. You can also make a purchase for a 10 times ticket or weekly ticket which gives you a cheaper price.

Crossing the road confused me at first. The traffic lights do not change automatically until you push a button attached to the traffic light pillar. It makes a beep when it changes to a green light. Furthermore, as the traffic in Australia keeps to the left, you need to check your right side first when you cross the road.

Phone became my most important tool. Sadly, it is hard to find free Wi-Fi zones in Sydney. However the telecommunication fee is lower than Korea. You can buy a SIM card easily through branches of Lebara, Optus, Vodafone, etc there are lots of stores selling them. Several plans exist but I recommend buying a social plan, the exact name is new Optus prepaid social. You can phone to Korea for 250 min, have unlimited access to Facebook and 500M bite data for only AU$30. For more information, please refer to the table above.

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The culture in here can be briefly described in one word, multicultural. If you fear the White Australia policy, don’t worry about that. You are going to see numerous Asians and hear Chinese

least

once

day.

Sydney

already got over any kind of racism so that This is prepaid SIM card, which is a sort of SIM in Australia that you pay all charge in advance.

all people respect each other’s culture. Some guys walk down the road barefoot or without a shirt, and some girls wear a hijab. Nobody

bothers to make a comment about them. They all live their own life regardless of others. In my opinion, this is the reason is that Australia has no historic conflict and the government allows a vast number of immigrants. So if you have a plan to come to Australia, be a part of this awesome custom.

The Pronunciation was quite different from what I had learned. Australians speak by far as fast as they can. Also there are lots of shortened words such as vegies or greens for vegetables and see ya for see you later. Furthermore, they have their own unique accent and slang. For these reason, at first I couldn’t understand what the taxi driver said. I’ll include the most useful Aussie words and phrases I learned below. Mite –general man.

Ex) how’re you mite? No worries –no problems

Ex) A: I’m sorry. B: No worries. Cheers –cheer up

Ex) Thanks mite. Cheers. See ya – see you later

When you are looking for a drug store, use this.

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Chemist –drug store, pharmacy

There’s no pharmacy but chemist.

The Homestay disappointed me. In my homestay case, the host didn’t want to talk with students living in their house. Itried to talk to but it only made me feel uncomfortable. The host said that their house was so expensive that we ran homestays to make money. I think lots of homestay hosts will have similar reasons. Lots of classmates

UNSWL

also

grumbled

about

their

homestay host. Meals were bread and milk for breakfast and rice and chicken for dinner. They don’t offer students lunch. If it was consider that the cheapest meat in Australia is thought to be chicken, $255/week for a homestay wasn’t cheap for me. So I moved out into a share house after only 4 weeks.

The Weather was very warm in June even though it was winter. Only 2 or 3 days in July made me feel cold. The other days felt like spring. Here there is no snow in winter and sometimes some people wear half shirts in winter or go around barefoot. It’s perfect and the best strong point of Australia. UNSW th

I left my home on the 29

of May 2012, and took an airplane on the 30

of May

2012, which was the first flight of my life. I flew via Guangzhou, but finally airplane landed at Sydney airport. It totally took 27 hours including the eight and a half hours I stayed in Guangzhou Airport. I really enjoyed the flight even though I chose the cheapest airline, which is Southern-China. When I arrived in Sydney airport, there should have been a pick-up company staff waiting for me. There were no staff, no Wi-Fi, no people I could contact or communicate with because I hadn’t been

- 206 -

expecting this kind of problem. I regretted forgetting to write down the homestay address.

After

waiting

for

hours

the

airport,

bought

Lebara,

telecommunication company, prepaid SIMcard so that I could contact the company. They had missed my name on their list. So I just caught a taxi. It was more than half the picking up fee. During the first day living in my homestay I felt excited about my new landscape, new building, and nice weather. My hosts encouraged me to look around but I didn’t go for long. The bus fee was up to $4.5. A hamburger combo cost at least $12. A can of Coca Cola was $2.00. Since the

living expenses was high,

I just skipped the meals and didn’t use the bus. UNSW school life My course started on the

of July 2012. The first day was arranged for

orientation. I took a seat and had a face to face interview. She asked me some questions like why I chose UNSW, what kind of expectation I had in mind from them, and what I wanted to do after finishing this course. They wrote down my answers and that was all. They then gave an exam papers to students. It tested four kind of English skills that included putting the grammatically correct verb or adequate word into a blank, listening to news then filling in the table, and lastly writing about a topic of your choice. After that students went out to take a picture and got the temporary student ID card on the spot. Finally under some guidance students looked around the UNSW main campus and available facilities with given ID card. I could access the library, medical bank and sport center.

The next day, I was assigned to level 5. Almost all students in my class were from the East except three Latin-Americans. The lecture was organized into different contents on a daily basis. On Mondays, I listened to 1 minute

BBC

today’s

breaking

news

and

discussed what happened with my classmate

- 207 -

and teacher. We swapped individually prepared media content and took a Cambridge listening test. Tuesday was for speaking. I took part in a dictation competition, presentation, and pronunciation practice. At first, you may wonder about the dictation competition. The teacher put the answer papers on the outside and then made pairs of students. One student in each group went out in turn so that they could bring a whole sentence. It was good for students to practice pronunciation. They tried to make proper sound so as to get over what they said to a paired classmate. There was no reward for winning team but everybody made an effort to win. Then students who wereassigned to present in each week made a speech at the front with their Power Point file made by themselves. The subjects were diverse, from their own special experience to their country’s

culture.

The

one

was

most

impressed

was

Japanese

cultural

characterization. It created sensation for other country’s students. To mention a single example, when they

apologize onthe phone they bend over to express apology even

though they know the telephone can’t see them. I asked the Japanese student what the reason is but even they wondered why they do this. Every student made an 8 minute presentation. After the presentation, the students were scored right away and the teacher gave the presenter advice about grammar, pronunciation, or even pointing out their confidence. My presentation was about Aborigines since I had had one experience in which I had met a chief of a tribe who inspired me. The following class was about pronunciation which is helpful for speaking. Something I had taken granted was wrong. I had pronounced ‘clothes’ to ‘kl-lo-thi-s’ but it was ‘kl-lou-z’. The other example is ‘ed’ sound in the past verbs. I had pronounced ‘stopped’ to ‘s-tap-d’ but it was ‘s-tap-t’.

- 208 -

On Wednesdays, the class was about reading and writing. Reading was just to follow the book. Writing was done in a group like the dictation competition. Paired groups wrote about a given topic then sent to the teacher so that she could check it. On Thursdays, it was word and grammar day. Like the reading class we followed a book. On Fridays, I took a test covering the weeks work such as grammar test, word test and reading test. It wasn’t difficult but I needed to prepare for it since my grade went towards my report. Then we watched some media contents and that was it. The 5th week included a final grammar test and reading test. The grade of these tests were used to assign next semester’s class. Also there was excursion on the final Wednesday. It was great that all classmates and teacher went and enjoyed a trip to a small island. At last, I received my diploma on the final Friday. I’m still missing my friends.

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□ Name: Choi, Soo Ung (reachorb33@unist.ac.kr) □ Host Institute: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign □ Participating Program: Culture Exchange Program □ Study Period: June 11 ~ August 3, 2012

I studied English in University of Illinois during the summer vacation. I went to rd

America on June 3

. The regular curriculum of the Intensive English Institute(IEI)

started on June 11, but there was a registration period and other orientation programs, so I had to get there at least by June 4th . I took an airplane from rd

Incheon to O'hare, Chicago on June 3 . I had to take another airplane onwards from O'hare to Champaign. I had a 2hours and 30minutes layover, but because I was one of the last people in the line, I spent too much time on the entry procedure. Thus, I was late for the airplane to Champaign by 15minutes. However, the airplane was delayed, so I could board it. In Champaign airport, my host mother Lynn, was waiting for me in front of the baggage claim area. She was holding a paper which had my name on it. I ate a salad with her and went to T-mobile to open a cell phone account in the United States. My home stay house was old, but beautiful. It was a 2-story building, and it had large back yard and terrace. My room was good enough to study in except for the dim lighting. Lynn taught me how to do laundry, use the bathroom and so on. She was a kind, outgoing person. She had a son, but he was living in his own apartment, so I never met Mohammed와 함께

him.

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There was another student in the house. His name was Mohammed, from Saudi Arabia. He was in his 40s and he was a professor. He arrived just a few days earlier than me. He was also a student of IEI. Although he was a professor in his country, his English was not good. However, he tried to learn English very hard. He always tried to speak to Lynn and did his homework well. He had four children in Saudi Arabia. He showed me a picture of them and I saw they were very cute and pretty. I learned about Saudi Arabian culture from him. It was very special experience. During the orientation week, I registered, paid bills, took a placement test and looked around the campus. I met several Korean students during the orientation, so I got closer with them. The placement test was like TOEFL. I've never taken a TOEFL test, but a friend of mine told me that the test was similar to TOEFL. There were speaking, writing, reading and listening parts. It was not that hard, but not that easy either. I was assigned to the level 500-600 Everyday English class, and Kyung-young, the other UNIST student, was also assigned to the 500-600 this class. Students were divided into 6 levels according to their placement test, 100 was the lowest score and 600 was the highest. If a student's level was higher than 500, he or she could choose a section between Everyday English class and Academic English class. I chose the Everyday English, but many students the chose Academic English, so there weren't enough students to make classes for 500 and 600 respectively. Therefore, IEI merged the 500 Everyday English class and the 600 Everyday English class. That's why my class was 500-600 Everyday English. We looked around the ARC, the Activities and Recreation Center. It was a huge gym for the University of Illinois. Inside the ARC, there were over 20 basketball courts, a very nice weight training center and 2 swimming pools as well as much more . I was very surprised. It was the biggest gym I had ever been in.

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There were interns who helped IEI students to adapt to life in IEI and the US. James was an intern who was an undergraduate of UIUC. My friends and James ate supper together at Charlie’s', and I got closer with him. He said he wanted to be a doctor. The first day of the class was great. The teachers were good. They all had achieved at least master’s degrees. My Everyday reading/writing teacher was Meryl. She spoke English and French. My Everyday listening/speaking teacher was Kate. She was very tall and funny. After the classes, I thought it won't be easy, but it seemed well-organized. I chose TOEFL speaking/writing and Advanced Pronunciation as elective classes. Students took elective classes on Tuesday and Thursday, so next day, I met other teachers. My TOEFL speaking/writing teacher was Peter. He looked like an athlete, but he was funny.

Finally,

pronunciation

teacher

was

Cheryl.

She

was

kind,

and

the

pronunciation class was my favorite class, because the content of the class was interesting and Cheryl was good person. On the Friday of the first week, there was an IEI picnic. IEI prepared steak, bread, juice and fruit. After the supper, we played several games, basketball free throw, limbo, quick eater and more. Each class made up one team, but there were only 5 students from my class. Many Saudi Arabic students didn't come. Other teams had about 15 students, so it was hard to compete against them. I won a silver medal in the limbo game even though I was the tallest among the limbo players. Before that, I didn't know that I was good at limbo. I became familiar with life in United States. I went shopping, played basketball with Americans, I bought groceries and I took town buses. I liked to go to the ARC to play basketball. In Korea, there were only rare chances to play basketball inside, but

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in UIUC, I could always play basketball in the gym with the air conditioner. It was very enjoyable. There were 2 Korean friends in IEI and they were taller than me, one was 188cm and the other was 194cm, and they liked basketball. Thus, I could play basketball easily. I've never been the shortest player in the team, so I was very happy, because I had always wanted to be the shortest on the team. Returning to school, I continued to enjoy the classes. The teachers seemed very experienced, they taught well, and they give students proper homework. The contents of the classes were interesting, because I learned a lot about everyday English. I heard in the academic classes, the classes were hard and they had much more homework than me. In the Everyday Reading/Writing class, I read a novel, Montana 1948. It was about a family and racism, and it was not bad. I learned how to paraphrase, make a paragraph structure, write email, hedge, write a resume, collocate, and write a narrative paragraph. It was the most boring class among the 4, but it was still not bad. It just meant the others were very interesting. In Everyday Listening/Speaking class, I watched video clips extracted from movies or drama. I liked Fever Pitch the most. I sympathized with the main character, Ben. I had to tell a story which taught a lesson in front of my classmates, so I told them an army story. I also had to retell a story I had heard and make a video with my group which was about children's obligation to parents. We made an introduction and a conclusion and interviewed Americans about what they thougt about it. At first, I thought all these activities would be hard for me, because I didn't speak well compared to my classmates. However, I finally finished my work. It reminded me the slogan of Nike, "Just do it.".

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I had absolutely no idea about TOEFL before taking the TOEFL Speaking/Writing class. Peter taught me about the structure of TOEFL especially the part of Speaking and Writing. I learned how the problems were composed and how I had to answer them. I was really weak at English speaking, so I chose these classes to improve my ability. I think it was a great choice.

At least, I feel I can say something to answer the

TOEFL Speaking questions now. The most difficult class was Pronunciation, but it was also the most interesting class. Cheryl made the class fun, and I learned a lot about English pronunciation. Actually, I didn't know the name of any pronunciation symbols or how to read them. Now, I know them all. While I was taking IEI classes, I saw many handicapped people. Even though they had problems with their body, they lived like a normal people. They took a bus, they did weight training and they played basketball. Some of them played basketball better than me. It seems the United States provides a lot of practical help for the handicapped. All the buses have equipment to help handicapped people to take the buses easily and all buildings have slopes on the entrance for handicapped people. I think Korea should learn these concerns for the handicapped. I think we should also learn Americans exercise habit. I saw many people working out. I think Koreans work out too little, especially students, and especially women. Many women exercise just for diet. It's harsh and painful, so it's natural that women don't like working out. However, if Korean women can find a sportthat provide pleasure like Americans, the situation will get better. I planned to go to Chicago on the weekend of 5th week with Kyung-young, but there was heavy rain, so we canceled our plan, and took a rest at home. Two weeks

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later we finally went to Chicago. Champaign is notfar from Chicago, so we took a bus and it took about 2hours and 30minutes. Actually there was a mock TOEFL test provided by IEI on that weekend, but I decided that the Chicago trip was more important. Our bus departed from Champaign at 9:30 in the

morning.

soon

arrived

Chicago, we went to our hostel. The name of hostel was Parthenon. Our room was not bad. After that, we went to downtown Chicago. There were many skyscrapers. Since I'd only John Hancock Center

seen small houses in Champaign it was very

impressive. Kyung-young took many pictures of them. We went to Michigan Lake, Magnificent Mile, Chicago River, Navy Pier, Buckingham Fountain, Grant Park, and the John Hancock Center. We borrowed bikes to look around downtown Chicago. The next day, we went to Willis Tower and ate pizza. It was very thick and tasty. After lunch, we went to the United Center, the home court of Chicago Bulls. Since it was out of season and there was a concert and we couldn't enter United Center, but I saw the statue of Michael Jordan. It was enough for me. In the last week of IEI, I took several exams. On the Sunday, Iă&#x20AC;&#x20AC; packed up my baggage and said good bye to Lynn and Mohammed. Lynn gave me a ride to the airport. Finally, I arrived in New York and I met my father's boss's daughter. She guided me from JFK airport to my room. My room was for 4 people, but I used it alone except for the last 2 days. She bought me samgyeoupsal in Korea town. It was wonderful. I'd never expected that I could eat samgyeoupsal in America.

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I visited the Natural History Museum, Central Park and Rockefeller Center and I went to Liberty Island which is where the Statue of Liberty is located. It was a small Island. I also watched a musical "The phantom of the opera".It was my first musical and it was fantastic. At last, I took an airplane to came back home, from JFK to Incheon. I learned how I should study English and why I have to study English. I think this trip was a turning point in my life.

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□ Name: Choi, Kyung Young

(ruddud@unist.ac.kr)

□ Host Institute: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign □ Participating Program: Culture Exchange Program □ Study Period: June 11 ~ August 3, 2012

During the summer I got a chance to go to America because of a UNIST scholarship. There were so many programs I could choose from in UNIST summer session.

chose the culture exchange program going to UIUC. The reason I chose this program was simple. It was cheaper than the other programs and I could stay longer in America, also UIUC is one of the most famous engineering schools in the world. So I recommend going there, if you are engineering students. Do you know where UIUC is located in? UIUC is located in Urbana-Champaign near Chicago.

takes

two

hours

bus

train

Chicago

from

Urbana-Champaign. Urbana-Champaign’s summer is terrible. The sunlight is so strong and the average temperature is higher than Korea. So be prepared if you have a plan to go there.

If you are choosing between homestay and dormitory, I recommend the homestay option. In my case, I chose a homestay and it was the best decision. My host family was really awesome. They were really kind and helped me adapt to America. Remember meeting good host family not always the case but in my case, I was really lucky.

I learned a lot of America culture from them. However, other people I met

there grumbled about their host family because of food and noise etc. So I recommend you must think clearly about whether you should choose the homestay or dormitory option. It is most important part of this program I think. There were so many events in Urbana-Champaign there was at least one event per week. My host family took me to all of these events. The first event I went to was

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‘Relay for life’. It was an event for cancer people. You might think this event would be a little depressing because it is for cancer people and this is how I thought, but this event was like a festival. There was a mini concert and people brought food from their house and shared it with their neighbor. The second event was a ‘Rodeo’.

It was bull riding. It was my first time to watch a

Rodeo not on TV. It was really fun and exciting. My host mother said that the Rodeo is one of the most famous events in America. The third event was Independence Day. I really was impressed by this event. On Independence Day, there was a parade. All people in Urbana-Champaign participated and celebrated their country’s birthday. There were soldiers, high school’s cheerleaders, expensive sports cars, many marching band and more. It was really awesome. The fourth event was a County Fair. The fair was like an amusement park. I saw Monster Trucks and Demolitions. Demolitions are real bumper cars like in an amusement park and Monster Trucks are really big trucks. I think Americans enjoy being thrilled because these two events were very dangerous but exciting. Another part which was very impressive in America was the travelling. I went to New York and Chicago. There were so many sights and you will experience so many things. So I recommend even if you pay more money totravel, you must do it because it can be the first and last chance in your life. The last part in my report is about the culture program, I think that it needs revising. At first, I hope UNIST rewards more money to students. I believe that 3 million is a little low. Second, I hope more programs are developed. Third, I hope more UNIST students can get a chance to attend summer programs. Thank you.

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□ Name: Hyunhong Kim (khh2008@unist.ac.kr) □ Host Institute: University of Washington □ Participating Program: Culture Exchange Program □ Study Period: June 25 ~ July 13, 2012

I went to the University of Washington in Seattle. My friend recommended this to me and this program was the cheapest. When I arrived at Sea-Tac airport, I was very nervous as there were many foreigners. English was all around me. After passing through security and immigration, I went to my homestay. My first

< My room >

impression of my host family was very good. Their home was comfortable and very harmonious.

They

were

always

smiling.

They

talked

very

slowly

for

and

endeavored to understand my poor English. The first thing I did was to visit a farmers market. There were many merchants who sold cherries, cheese, vegetables, and various other foods. There were many big and small dogs in the streets and many musicians were also interesting to me. My host had great cooking skills. Their meals were very delicious I ate a special meal every dinner time.

For breakfast, I made toast and coffee myself and I had a lunch

at the university with friends. My hosts often brought me to parties which friends of my host held, so I could see and learn about atmosphere and culture. The parties included enjoying delicious cuisine and making social connections. Due to my poor communication skills, I usually just enjoyed the cuisine and did my best to understand their stories. I was very embarrassed at the party at first however my host and their friend treated me kindly. I tried to listen and understand their conversation but I decided to just enjoy the atmosphere and take a break.

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My hosts had a beautiful garden and their house was near the river so the sightseeing was great.

I thought people in Seattle were very rich. Next I want to talk about university life. I made many friends from different countries (France, Taiwan, Thailand, Mexico ,Japan, and Korea). Most of them were from Taiwan and Korea. After a simple level test, the assistants gave a campus tour to us.

University

The university was very beautiful and huge.

The students relaxing or studying on the wide lawn looked peaceful. The ducks in the fountain, squirrels and many birds on campus made me feel happy. People enjoyed having lunch and playing sports on the grass. Skateboarding seemed to be a popular form of transportation. During class time we usually studied with teaching material, books, and handouts. Most of class included discussions and presentations. 30min before the end of the class was used to watch the movie 'Sleepless in Seattle'. We studied the words and expressions used in the movie. However I felt the English class was insufficient to learn English. It was too easy and fundamental. I don't think it was helpful for improving my English skills. I learned more English by talking to my homestay host and foreigner friends. You can learn culture and experience various things other than English studying. The afternoon class was a field trip around Seattle. The assistant took us to many places such as a skating rink, downtown, a chocolate factory, and the beach. in

Participating

the afterschool trip is optional .If you want to do another activities, you don't

need to join afterschool activities. However, it gave me a lot of chances to talk in English. Everyone got along well and enjoyed talking each other. On days that I had no afternoon class, I traveled with other Korean students. Of course, it wasnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t helpful for my English skills but it was hard to hang out with

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foreigner friends all time. Although we just met in Seattle, I felt as if we were longtime friends. In the University of Washington, there are many Korean students. If you have a chance to meet up with them, you can experience many special things like getting a tour from them or being invited to their meetings. In my case, my UNIST friend who had taken this short term English program the previous winter introduced me to his friends from the University of Washington. Due to meeting these friends, I had a pleasant time in Seattle. If you want to experience a special event don't miss Independence Day. It is on July 4th. It is the biggest holiday in the United States. Fireworks, parades and picnics are commonly associated with Independence Day. We went to Gas Park to see the fireworks. Gas Park was really crowded and we had to wait many hours to enjoy the fireworks from a very good place. The fireworks were really fantastic and it was the biggest fireworks display that I have ever seen. I will never forget this show. Seattle is known as the city of coffee and as a melancholy city. Rain is a very common weather

industry

has

Seattle.

developed

heard well

the to

lighting avoid

melancholy feeling. The night view of Seattle is really beautiful. If you want to see the night view of Seattle, I recommend you ride First Starbucks in seattle downtown

the Great Ferris Wheel at night. It costs $15 and you can enjoy 5~6 rotations. However, if

you ride this very late at night, you canâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t see anything except a few buildings. Evening is the best time to ride. The Space needle and Columbia building is a good

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place to go sightseeing in Seattle. Both towers are very tall so you can see all of Seattle.

There are a lot of coffee shops in Seattle. Seattle is well known for coffee. Almost all Seattle people enjoy coffee. My hosts also loved coffee so I drank coffee every morning. The first ever Starbucks branch is at PIKE PLACE market in downtown Seattle. You can buy a special tumbler which is sold only in this branch. PIKE PLACE market is a famous market. You can see many famous places such as Chewing Gum Wall, Gold Pig and 'Flying Fish'.When someone buys a fish, the fish seller throws a fish to another person who shines the fish while yelling something. I couldn't understand what they are talking but it was very funny. There are many parks and play grounds in Seattle. In the evening many people enjoy sports and walking. You can frequently see people who enjoy jogging. I really envied Seattle people because in Korea most of people are very busy and have no time to enjoy their life. Also in Seattle it is very common to wear bikinis and walk around with no coat. At first, it was very embarrassing for me but it gradually became familiar to me. This is just their life style and looks very liberal. Three weeks is very long time because Seattle is not famous for sightseeing. So after I finished the English course, I traveled to Vancouver, Canada alone. Vancouver is really close to Seattle. You can get there in only 3 hours by bus or train. I met many Koreans in Vancouver, who were participating in a working holiday program because Canada is very famous for high wages and good livability. I also met a Korean man, who worked as a cook. He immigrated to Canada to a private residence temporarily taking on lodgers managed by a Korean. I talked with the man about many things and we made dinner together. I missed Korea and felt little lonely but due to him I wasnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t bored.

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Vancouver had a similar environment to Seattle so I think to travel to a totally different area is a better option. Planning my trips in advance was a valuable. I think I was a pretty good traveller. Vancouver have similar environment to seattle so to travel other area is better. From planning to traveling became a valuable asset of me. I thought it was pretty good travel.

This 3-week experience was really good. I was very satisfied with my choice. Before I went to Seattle, I thought travelling abroad would be very difficult and it not helpful to my life. I was very skeptical about going abroad. However, after I had traveled a little, I cannot help changing my point of view. I got a more global mind and I had a chance to see things from a different view point. This 3 week became a big chance to turn my life around. It was a very valuable and unforgettable experience. Tip : You can choose where you want to live, in a dormitory or at a home-stay. Both of them are fine but I recommend the home-stay. Although it can be uncomfortable, I think it is more helpful to understand the lifestyle of USA. Having lunch with your host family and participating in their schedule is a good chance to learn culture and English. Of course it can be boring at night because home-stay is very far from university so you can't have a time with friends at night. I recommend you to arrive in Seattle on a weekday because if you arrive on the weekend, then you have to pay $100 for a pick-up service to your home-stay. It is too expensive I realized from the airport to my home-stay cost just $3.

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□ Name: Bae, In Hae (inhaeb77@unist.ac.kr) □ Host Institute: University of Washington □ Participating Program: Culture Exchange Program □ Study Period: August 6 ~ August 24, 2012

This summer, I had an unforgettable memory in my life. I chose a 3 week language and culture program from the University of Washington. In fact, I wanted to go to Europe for facing a myriad of different cultures but due to another schedule I gave up and chose Seattle. And now, I can say it was a choice without any regret. Before proceeding, I recommend America for your overseas studying if you want to practice English in a real situation. In addition, I’m sure that my report will be helpful for students who have never been abroad, who want to experience Seattle fully and who want to find the objectives and critical evaluation of this program. As for me, it was the first time visiting a foreign country, especially America. Furthermore, I went there by myself so I had to solve problems, find shopping places, and prepare things alone! Thus, I hope this report will help other future students to make them comfortable. Then, let’s continue! You have to prepare things thoroughly not to be perplexed in a foreign country. First, if you want to make a call to your family often, you’d better purchase a SIM card in Korea. You can find many online malls that sell SIM cards. I bought a foreign SIM card from www.usimstore.com and you can find more by typing ‘해외 심카드’ in Naver. There are many bloggers who posted their experiences of purchasing SIM cards so you don’t have to worry. Second, some people recommend us to register our international student ID card, which is called ISEC, but I think students who apply for this 3 weeks program don’t need to since benefits you can have using ISEC are mostly applicable in the eastern part of America and time is not enough unless you are planning to stay more for traveling to other states. Third, buy airplane ticket as

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fast as possible. The faster you purchase it, the cheaper price you can get. Fourth, leave every address you know for your family. In an emergency, you should contact someone for your safety. Addresses and contact numbers of your homestay brokerage firm and international exchange team in UNIST should be told to your parents. Fifth, bring your insurance certification registered in Korea. You can issue traveler’s insurance from Korean insurance company. If you don’t bring it, you can buy expensive insurance from the University of Washington. In addition, you can be in a trouble if you are sick since medical expenses are extremely expensive there. The next step is going to the airport early. You should check in 3 hours before departure. You might be worried of waiting in a long line at the airport. However, people who bought their tickets from Asiana airline, Korean air or Jeju airline can use the ‘city airport service’ at the Seoul station instead. It takes much shorter time and much more convenient due to less people waiting in line. You can finish your boarding and screening procedure in just 15 minutes. Then, it takes about 43 minutes to get to the Incheon international airport if you buy a direct train ticket at the Seoul station. Furthermore, you can use the ‘diplomat only aisle’ at the Incheon international airport which let you spend much less time to enter duty freeshop. Most of you may have lots of promises of buying souvenirs or presents for family, relatives and friends. However, you should keep in mind that total value over 400 dollars you bought outside of Korea should be taxed around 20%. Of course it includes merchandise bought from duty free shop at Incheon airport. Small accessories or cosmetics you will use in America will be okay but goods with a high price such as luxury bags, belts and jewelry will be strictly checked. So, check what things you have bought in America and do not try to deceive customs examiners while entering a country.

I met the representative of my homestay brokerage firm at the Seattle-Tacoma airport. People call it as Sea-Tac airport. The name of

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the brokerage firm was intercultural homestay & services and the representative of its firm, whose name is Eileen, gave me a ride to the homestay. The host's name was Sally, a teacher. She showed my room to me and it was fancy! The bed was huge with enough pillows and blankets. The room is big enough for me to walk around and actually the house was really big. It consisted of two levels and a basement. It has a wonderful deck outside and cozy backyard. Sally said to me, “ The neighborhood around here is called ‘Bryant’ and we have higher level of living than northern areas such as Lynwood or Ravenna.”” Like she said, houses all looked like those in fairy tales. Actually, I paid about 50 dollars more than other students due to its close distance from University of Washington. It took about 20 minutes to get there. However, I recommend you not to pay more than other students. Since the class starts at 9:30 in the morning, I think you have enough time to get there if you get up at least 8:00. Interval between buses is mostly about 20 to 30 minutes. It will be great if your homestay is located near a bus stop that lots of buses stop at. Eileen introduced the ‘City Pass’ ticket to me. With this ticket, you can visit some famous places they picked with a discounted price. I can’t remember how many places were included clearly but it was about 10 places I guess. There are places like Woodland zoo, Space needle, Seattle aquarium, the museum of flight and so on. Anyway, you should pay almost 70 dollars for buying the City Pass ticket and it saves about 30 dollars. As for me, I didn’t buy it. I just selected some of them and visited the chosen places one by one. The reason was to save money and maximize efficiency. For example, the Space needle is like the 63 building or Mt. Nam Tower in Korea. Actually, general Korean people don’t visit those places paying somewhat expensive money. I asked people in Seattle whether they have been to the Space needle and most of them answered “NO”. Maybe the purpose of going to those symbolic towers is to see beautiful scenery of Seattle from a high position since there is nothing to experience up there. Then, why don’t you visit another building which is

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higher than the Space needle? In addition, its price is much cheaper! I will explain later what building it is. I arrived in Seattle three days before the session beginning. To adapt to jet lag, I slept all day on Saturday. The next day, I went to QFC by myself. QFC is a huge mart like E-mart. Different from Korean markets, it has only ground level and its size is really large. A variety of groceries was displayed and everything was so big. People were even big. There were lots of obese people. I bought water first. You should not expect a water purifier in Seattle. Every person in Seattle drinks water by turning on a faucet. However, I couldn’t. Although they said the water is really clean so you can drink it directly but I couldn’t believe the water pipe. Thus, I bought Fiji water from QFC. An interesting thing was self-checkout counter. I can purchase products by myself using a special machine. I recommend you to use this machine! At night, I made a call to my family using Skype. I think Skype is really convenient. It’s totally free if you can use the Internet. I even talked with my family for 2 hours. I usually went to bed early around 11 o’clock and got up at 5:30 in the morning. American people use indirect illumination instead of fluorescent. It generated a gentle mood and made me relaxed every night so I could fall asleep easily. The first day of my program! I got up early and prepared to go to the University of Washington. I always took a bus route 65 and got off at Stevens Way & Benton st

lane. I could also take route 30 or 74 and get off at the University Way & 41

street. However, I should go to the building with ‘W’logo on it. It was the highest building on campus, so I could find it easily. I think the road system of Seattle is really convenient for a stranger to find specific place. Roads are look like a waffle containing horizontal lines and vertical lines repeatedly. Numbers are increasing like st

1 , 2 , 3 , 4 and so on. For example, the address is written as 25

& 47

street NE.

I entered into the building and met the STEP program guide. She guided me to M floor and I had to wait in line for registration. I received a file with many papers in

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it. While waiting in line, I met two friends whose names are Fatima and Erica. I think you should try to make friends bravely in a foreign country. They are also unfamiliar to this new place so they will welcome new friends. Fatima was the only Brazilian in this program and I was the only Korean, too! There are four sessions in this STEP program. Frankly speaking, I recommend session 3 than session 2 if you want to improve your English. Different from session 3, the teacher told me that more than half of students in session 2 were Koreans. I believe it is hard to use English if you are with Korean friends unless you guys promise to use only English. Since I was the only Korean student, I must use only ENGLISH for 3 weeks and I enjoyed it a lot. I think I was lucky. I took a level test first. Students gathered in a big auditorium and listened to the instruction. Level test was divided into two parts, listening and speaking. For the listening test, we received a test paper and checked answers according to the conversation or video clip. After then, I followed a teacher when my name was called. The speaking test was like interviewing. One teacher handled two students and my partner was a Vietnamese friend. The questions were easy and straight forward. I think students in UNIST will answer it easily. After the level test, they announced in which class we are distributed. There were 4 levels and I was assigned to the highest level. I heard there are more levels higher than 4 but they just put 4 as the highest level in this program. Students assigned to the same class gathered and our teacherâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s name was Stacey. There were 16 students which was smaller number than I thought. We ate lunch together and I became close with a Chinese friend, Annie. In this program, about 80 percent of the students were from Japan. They said they came from the same high school or university. However, interestingly, there was only one Japanese friend in our class whose name is Takehiro. Except Annie, Takehiro and I, the rest of them were all from Taiwan. After lunch, we walked around the campus with the teacher. She introduced lots of places inside the campus to us and the size

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of campus was extremely large. Our UNIST campus can’t be compared to the University of Washington. What I envied was lots of trees inside the campus. In UNIST, there are not many trees on the street so it is very hot in summer and very cold in winter. Existing trees are even too thin and small. The worst thing is that we can’t step on a grass! On the other hand, I could enjoy its fresh green grass in Seattle whenever I want. An interesting thing was lots of geese sitting on the grass. They are really big and are not afraid of humans. It was amazing that I could approach birds so closely. Furthermore, there are many crows in Washington. Unlike Koreans, they regard crows as a good animal. They even made sculpture of crows inside the building. If you take a close look at each crow, you will see a white band around their legs. The teacher told us that it is a kind of mark scientists in the campus did. They put a tag around their legs when they are babies, and observe them thoroughly as crows grow up. I think it is really interesting real experiment. In conclusion, the whole atmosphere and structure of campus was wonderful. From now on, I will introduce more specifically according to areas in Seattle. 1. University of Washington Areas around the University of Washington are called the U-district. Its size is really big and you can find delicious restaurants and dessert places with reasonable price. As I mentioned earlier, the highest building on campus is a building with a ‘W’ logo on it. The classrooms are mostly located on the eastern side of campus. I took a class at the Mechanical Engineering Building which is close to the student dormitory. In the middle of the campus, there is a place called ‘red square’. Around the red square, there are buildings like Suzzallo library and By George cafeteria. Suzzallo library was my favorite since it looks like a building in the Harry Potter movie. You can also find Suzzallo caféat the ground level of Suzzallo library. I used to do my homework at the library and bought something to eat at the café. For your lunch, you can buy something from By George too. They sell sandwiches and beverages. There are also three street food cars on red square that sell hot dogs, sandwiches,

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and hamburgers. However, I brought my lunch from my homestay to save money. For one meal, you should use at least 5 dollars and I thought it is too much if it continues over 20 days. Most of other students also packed their own lunch and ate it under the tree, in front of the library or wherever place you want to. I could use the microwave for free at the By George cafeteria. There is a ‘Burke museum’ on the northern part of campus. Students can enter for free so I want to tell you not to miss it. For other restaurants outside the campus, I recommend ‘Thai Tom’ for Thai food and ‘Pho Than Brothers’ for Vietnamese food. They are all on the University Way Street. One thing you should notice are taxes and tip culture in America. The tax rate is different from each state but Seattle has mostly 9.5% tax. In addition, you should pay 10% to 15% tip to stores in relation to eating or drinking or those require high service. It was really uncomfortable and at first it was hard for me to calculate how much I should pay after eating meals. For instance, if the price of food is 2 dollars, you should add 9.5% of 2 dollars and 10% of total amount. I missed Korea a lot regarding food. For your dessert, I recommend ‘Yunnie’s bubble tea’ for bubble tea and ‘Yogurt land’ for various kinds of yogurt ice cream. In America, bubble tea is really a famous beverage. It is like a shake with tapioca in it. Tapioca are really chewy and delicious. I really love yogurt ice cream but it is quite expensive and there are not many in Korea. However, there were lots of yogurt ice cream shops in the U.S.!! Hooray! Not only the original flavor but a variety of other flavors like strawberry, cheese cake, and lemonade are sold. You can just pull down the lever and put it in a bowl as much as you want. You can even put toppings on it. The cashier weighs the bowl and tells you the price. Although I put lots of blueberries on ice cream it was only 2.5 dollars including tax and tip! I’m afraid why there is no ice cream store specialized in yogurt in Korea.

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For shopping, there are two interesting stores that handle secondhand clothes. The names are crossroads trading and Buffalo exchange. I think this kind of store does not exist in Korea. They buy and sell secondhand clothes and there are even luxury brands such as Louis Vuitton, Chanel and Gucci. Of course there can be flaws in clothes but you can find one that looks like new. I bought a blue shirt and a cardigan at 7 dollars in total. What a bargain! If you want to buy something new, you can visit American apparel. There is a unique store which is called ‘Bartell Drugs’. I judged it by its name that it will like a drug store in Korea. However, they sell lots of things such as cosmetics, magazines, groceries, nutritional supplements and so on. I especially recommend you to buy ‘Haagen Daz’ice cream there. It is much cheaper that one in Korea. You can also buy privately labeled Bartell water at 1 dollar and 29 cents. Furthermore, if you want to buy Korean ingredients, go to ‘Woori market’. It is also located on the University Way Street and it sells Korean beverages, ingredients, snacks, and fruit! However, the fruit is not fresh. 2. University village It is located on the upper side of campus. You can walk from the campus but it will take some time. There are many stores in university village but its average price is higher than other shopping areas. I think it is a good place for looking around and if you really want to buy something, I recommend H&M. Its price is really cheap but the quality is wonderful. Additionally, there is a Jamba Juice beverage store. Its ingredients are healthy and the employees are really kind! 3. Capitol Hill Capitol Hill is really a unique place. There are many gays, lesbians and hippies. In short, it has a unique culture. However, you don’t have to be afraid! Our class even went there for a field trip and we interviewed people on the street. Just don’t go there at night alone. People are kind and there are many famous restaurants. I went

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to Capitol Hill three times by myself. You know Seattle is famous for coffee. The first Starbucks is originated from Seattle. Thus, there are lots of coffee shops in this place. Famous coffee shops are Vivace, Peet’s coffee, Tully’s and so on. However, I found out through the Internet that a coffee shop called ‘Stump town’ is chosen as the best coffee shop in Seattle. I planned a one-day trip and visited ‘Stump town’. Its flavor is really unique! It is sour than bitter. For an ice cream store, I recommend ‘Molly Moon’s’. I ordered strawberry lemon thyme and it was excellent! Real herbs were included in it and its size was really big. I want to eat it again. There are two parks in Capitol Hill. The first one is Cal Anderson Park and you can meet lots of dynamic and active people there. On the other hand, another one is ‘Volunteer Park’and you can enjoy a calm atmosphere there. There is a green house where you can enter for free and an art museum which is free on only Saturday of the first week. For shopping, I recommend ‘Urban Outfitters’ if you are willing to pay a somewhat higher price. What I was surprised about in the clothing store was their fitting rooms. Unlike Korea, they have extremely big fitting room. There are more than 15 rooms with mirrors in it. You can pick up clothes as many as you want and wear it inside fitting room. No one interrupts you and no one follows you! You can just call them if you need any help. Most of them are really kind. In America, you can find many party style clothes. They are really fancy. Additionally, if they are on sale, you can find something reasonable. I bought one pair of Levi’s pants for 34 dollars. If you want to have a refund or exchange, visit the store within 30 days. 4. Downtown Seattle This area was my most favorite place! You can walk to the downtown from Capitol Hill. It does not take so long. Capitol Hill and downtown Seattle were included in my one day plan. There are many department stores, restaurants, and traditional markets. The most famous one is the Pike Place Market. It is the oldest traditional market in

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Seattle. They sell flowers, groceries, fruits, and accessories. If you want to go to Seattle in summer, you must purchase cherry and berries. Red cherries arereally expensive in Korea. However, I could purchase fresh cherries a lot! I bought 1kg of cherries at 9 dollars and 2 boxes of blueberries at 4 dollars. It was really delicious. I can’t describe their flavor with words. There is also a Korean food store called ‘Market Galbi’. Another store I want to introduce is ‘Chukar Cherries’. They sell chocolate with cherry in it. You can buy it only at the Pike Place Market. Anyway, taste, feel, smell everything you can! In front of the Pike Place Market, there is an original Starbucks which has a brown color logo. They sell tumblers and mugs with the traditional logo on it. It was about 20 dollars each. You should wait in a long line since there are always many people visiting Starbucks. Next to the Starbucks, you can find a bakery named ‘Piroshky, Piroshky’ that sells Russian bread. Breads are like pastries and I bought an Apple Cinnamon pastry. The price is quite expensive but it’s really big and delicious. If you buy this pastry, I recommend the waterfront place to sit and eat it. The waterfront is not a specific place but the entire area in front of the sea. With a 10 minute walk from the Pike Place Market, you can arrive at the waterfront. There is a big wheel that is constructed recently. It is like the London Eye in England. Also, you can see lots of big sea gulls looking at your food. Be careful! Downtown Seattle is a mecca of shopping. There are department stores like Macy’s, Nordstrom, Pacific Place, and Westlake shopping center. However, price is too expensive. Additionally, Nike store, H&M, Forever21, Abercrombie & Finch, Banana Republic, GAP are located there too. There is a cosmetics store named ‘Sephora’ and people who like perfume will certainly love that place. You can find numerous kinds of perfumes that are hard to find in Korea. I will write down detailed information of shopping place in the later section. If you walk toward Union Street, you will see a building called ‘Columbia building’. This building is what I mentioned earlier where we

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can see a wonderful view of Seattle with cheaper entering fee. Seattle Public Library and Seattle Art Museum are located closely. The appearance of the library is really beautiful and there is a free talking time every Wednesday. You can meet many new people and can practice speaking English for free. 5. International District Going to the east from downtown Seattle, there is an area called theInternational district. I think it is like China Town. We also had a field trip here. There is abubble tea

shop

International

District

called

‘Ambrosia’.

you

dumplings,

recommend ‘Hong Kong Bistro’ and ‘Jade Garden’. Even American people visit these places a lot for their dinner. The most important place here is ‘Uwajiyama store’. It is a market that sells Asian foods and groceries. At the right side of the corner, there is a Korean hair shop called ‘Juno Hair’. However, it is really expensive. For cutting your hair, you should pay at least 15 dollars. 6. Lynwood & Federal Way Lynwood is northern area and Federal Way is southern area. Those two places are located totally in opposite way. However, I grouped them as one since many Korean people live in. While staying in Seattle, everything was fine except food. I really missed Korean food. Although I bought Kimchi, rice and dried seaweed, I still missed foods like tofu and fresh vegetables. I found out that there are many Korean restaurants in those places and decided to go there. However, I gave up later since it takes about 3 hours to get there. I couldn’t spend 6 hours for traveling back and forth. If you have enough time, try it! There is ‘H-mart’ that sells Korean products and I heard ‘Seoul bakery’ is famous there. I think I almost finished organizing places. Other areas like Kirkland, Bellevue, Marysville and Bain Bridge Island will appear later. From now on, I am going to

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explain more about Seattle according to the three categories, shopping, transportation and entertainment. There are four levels of shopping places with a standard of price. A place with the most reasonable price is ‘Seattle Premium Outlet’in Marysville. However, drawback is that you should transfer buses three times and it is really far from downtown Seattle. You can’t even find a route how to go there using Google. First, go to Downtown Seattle. At the Union & 4th Street, you can find a bus stop with bus number 510 and 511. I recommend you to take 510 since it goes to the highway so you can reach faster. You don’t have to pay when you get on. Pay 3.75 dollars when you get off. Second, you will arrive at Everett Station Bay A4. Go to bay C3 and wait for bus 201. th

Third, get off at State & 88

Street and go to the 88

street by crossing the train

road. You should find a bus stop with bus route 221. Then, get on the busroute 221 and get off at the 105th Street. If you don’t know how to go there, just ask people! I went there by myself and I asked a lot of people on and on. They are really kind and will direct you to the Seattle Premium Outlet. You can just track back the bus route when going back home. One different thing is that you should get on the 510 bus at bay C1 not A4 when going back downtown. I bought a Coach Bag for my mother and I could get a $398 bag at just 160 dollars! It’s worth going, I think. The second reasonable place is ‘Ross’ and ‘Nordstrom rack’in downtown Seattle. Actually, Ross is much cheaper than Nordstrom rack. However, you can find luxurious brands with cheaper prices at the Nordstrom rack since all products are coming from the department store, Nordstrom. Since they sell something out of season, it is much cheaper than those in the department store. I prefer Ross to Nordstrom Rack. Everything is really cheap in Ross! You can purchase Nike shoes at just 40 dollars although its original price was more than 100 dollars. I’m so sad why we don’t have this kind of store in Korea. The next one is Bellevue shopping center in Bellevue and university village that I have already mentioned. Bellevue is like a ‘Gangnam’ of Korea.

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Rick people live there and you should cross the long bridge to go to that place. Bill Gates lives in Bellevue and that shopping center is constructed around the Microsoft Company. Although I didn’t go to that shopping center, one of my classmates told me that it was quite expensive but the infrastructure was really neat and clean. I will skip University Village. The last one is Nordstrom, Macy’s, Westlake center, and Pacific Place in Downtown. Those big 4 shopping centers are selling expensive and luxury brand products. Brands like Chanel, Gucci, Balenciaga, Tory butch can be easily found. I bought a Hugo Boss belt for my father at around 100 dollars. An interesting place is ‘Daiso Japan’ at the Westlake center. They sell products from one dollar. It was humorous that a luxury shopping center has this kind of inexpensive brand store. I think Americans really like Japanese. They believe products if Japanese made it. There is even a place like a Japanese garden with an entrance fee. I hope Americans will like Koreans more someday. Transportation is quite well organized and unique, I think. You can use the bus, monorail, street car, ferry, and water taxi. Most people frequently use the bus. On the first day, guides for the university will encourage you to buy a U-pass for transportation. You can ride on any kinds of transportation by paying about 130 dollars for 3 months. However, you don’t need to pay that much since you will stay for just 3 weeks. Therefore, I bought an ORCA card instead. It is also a transportation card but it is like a Mybi card in Korea. You can use the amount of money you charged. The general bus fee is 2.25 dollars for adults. But there is a peak time in Seattle. From 6 to 9 in the morning and from 3 to 6 in the afternoon are peak time and you should pay $2.50. For further areas like Lynwood and Federal Way, you should pay $2.50 as abasic fee. Inside Downtown, you can use buses freely but I heard this system will end on September 24. I was lucky that I could use this free bus riding system. Since Washington is composed of separated areas,

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a ferry or

water taxi is used often. Once our class went to ‘Bain Bridge Island’ and I rode on a ferry for the first time. It was really exciting! I have never got on such a big ferry so I couldn’t close my mouth for some time. Link is like a subway that takes you to far places such as Sea-Tac airport. You can find the monorail at the highest level of West lake shopping center. It connects downtown Seattle and the Space needle. You can get off the bus by pulling a string attached on a window. Interesting! As for entertainment, I have already introduced ‘City Pass’. However, there are some tours that are not included in it. First one is Kenmore air tour. Riding on a light plane, you can enjoy the scenery of Seattle from the sky for 20 minutes. The price is 99 dollars and you can get 10 dollars off coupon from your homestay brokerage firm. Anyway, I didn’t try it due to its expensive price. Second, there is a gourmet tour of Seattle. http://www.savorseattletours.com/tours/is an internet site address where you can reserve available time. There are 4 kinds of tours and I didn’t try it as I said before. I just figured out which places they go, selected some of them, and went there by myself. Actually, they don’t provide you an entire meal but instead it’s like a sample tasting. The third one is ‘Ride the Ducks’tour. There is a specially made car that can afford about 20 people. Amazing thing is that it can jump into the lake! It is a vehicle that can be operated on both water and land. You can also reserve your seat through online or buy a ticket in front of the Space needle. The last one is an underground tour. At first, Seattle was made of wood. People built their houses and buildings with wood but they are all burnt due to a big fire. Instead of cleaning the ruins, they made the first level like second level by covering it. Therefore, the first level became underground area and it is left as empty place as time goes by. Through the underground tour, you can experience old days of Seattle.

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Finally, I will evaluate this STEP program and homestay. Frankly speaking, I think thelevel will be too easy for UNIST students. They even teach passive voice as grammar. However, you can improve your English pronunciation with a native English speaker and experience a totally different culture. It was sad that there were only Asian students. It was sometimes hard for me to understand their English. I even taught vocabulary and pronunciation to my friends. I really hope more advanced level will be opened. Sometimes there were field trips instead of in-class studying. We went to the International district and Capitol Hill. Every time we went on a field trip, we interviewed people. The teacher required us to write down essays often and corrected grammatical errors. In class, we did group activities many times. We did games, listened to music, watched a movie and had a class on the grass. I was really lucky since the weather was great all the time! The teacher said this kind of weather is lasting only a few weeks. It was sunny with no clouds but the wind was so cool. Seattle is dry not humid. That’s why I could walk around without any sweat. After the class, there are some activities often. It is your choice whether you participate or not. However, I recommend you to participate if you are not busy or sick. We went to Bain Bridge Island, Kerry Park, Pike Place market and other places with STEP students and guides. They even provide your transportation fee. For our last assignment, we did a presentation with any topic we selected. Annie, Amy and I were on thesame team with a team name ‘3A’s’ and chose a topic as ‘pet’. American people really cherish their pets and most of their pets are really huge. The presentation was successful and I got 4.0 out of 4.0! Hooray! I was so happy. I think the price for this class is too expensive and actually not worth it. Therefore, I’d like to give 4 stars out of 5. The most difficult one was my homestay. Except Sally, there were two more female residents. One of them was Sally’s friend and another person was a 23-year-old girl who goes to work. Sometimes, Sally didn’t introduce them to me and even didn’t ask me to eat breakfast. I know that I should ask a question if there is something I want

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to request but I thought she will at least ask me whether to eat breakfast or not on the first morning. Second, I should take a shower less than 10 minutes. Of course, I knew that fact before going to Seattle but there was no shower hose. So, I couldn’t wash out shampoo from my hair thoroughly in short time and whenever I try to wash it more, it took more than 15 minutes. It was terrible! Please check whether they have shower hose or not. The third one is her pet, parrot. He was really extremely noisy so I couldn’t go to sleep in the afternoon. It was really stressful. Students who are sensitive to noise should be careful of pets. The last one was her responsibility. Can the host leave her student alone and go on a trip? I know it was vacation time and she might need a time to rest somewhere outside Seattle. However, I think she should have considered my staying period if she had decided to afford a student. Although there were two more in the house, they are not my host! Actually, they don’t have any duty to take care of me since they didn’t receive any homestay fee from me. The host is the only person I can rely on. If she really wants her friend to take care of me, she should have told me her friend’s cell phone number at least. What about my meals if she leaves? She promised me to serve 2 meals a day. I worried about that point and asked her to go to grocery store together first. She didn’t ask me to go to the mart before I asked her. I bought Kimchi, snacks, dried seaweed and some fruitbut it is not same as something she made at home. I’m not good at cooking. Then, what should I do? I think it is really an irresponsible attitude toward homestay students. Except those 4 things, everything was good. The house was cozy and they were suitably kind to me. Furthermore, since she cared about health a lot, I could eat healthy food like taco soup and chicken salad. For students who have a plan to visit Seattle, I can say it is really a good choice. People are nice, weather is good, and there are lots of things you can experience. As Seattle is called the ‘Emerald City’, it has an enormous amount of huge trees almost everywhere. When you are in a foreign country, the most important thing you should do is bebrave, I

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think. Approach to your friends and say hello first. Through this program, I obtained not only cultural experience but many friends. I was even once invited to my friendâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s house. Her aunt married an American so they were living in Kirkland. They invited me to the party and I could meet lots of different people. Also, I ate delicious foods. Everything has become great memories forme. I really want to go to Seattle again with my family. The more you try, the more you will obtain while staying in Seattle.

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□ Name: Jang, Jiyun (jiyun1298@unist.ac.kr) □ Host Institute: UCLA □ Participating Program: Culture Exchange Program □ Study Period: July 2 ~ July 26, 2012

My name is Jiyun Jang. I’m a sophomore at UNIST. I attended the UCLA IECP summer program from July 2 to July 26. This program consists of a morning class and afternoon class. I could choose two kinds of morning topic courses out of three. Also, I have to select one afternoon course out of five. My morning classes were Culture and Academic classes and the afternoon class was Campus Explorer Course. On the first day, we took a placement test to check each student’s level of English communication skills. There were three levels: Advanced, Intermediate, and Basic levels. I was assigned to the Advanced level. I’ll tell you about the details of courses I took. The Culture class included America Through Television, Media Studies, Movie & Idioms, and Pop Culture Discussion. America Through Television improved my listening skills and also I could learn about American culture through short videos and TV shows such as Friends, Modern Family, quiz shows, and other shows about topics like food and pop culture issues in America. I could especially understand

the new style

of family in USA and American holidays, such as Thanksgiving Day while watching one episode of Friends and Modern Family. Secondly in Media Studies, we could analyze and discuss the role and influence of the mass media on information and entertainment found in society, television, news, and films. Furthermore, Movie &Idioms class was about watching a movie to improve American English listening comprehension skills while also learning new vocabulary, slang, and idioms. We discussed plot lines, dialogues, and characters of the movie. Lastly in Pop Culture Discussion, wehad discussion activities focusing on comparing and contrasting lifestyle

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choices in America and around the world. Topics include family and love relationships, school and college, fashion, social issues, and fads

such

tattoos,

and

body

piercing.

Especially, my favorite discussion activity in the class was about the value of college A group photo of morning class at the graduation ceremony

degrees because I’m actually in university now but Korea has many problems related to

employment of the youth. Academic class included Discussion, Grammar Focus, Idioms, Movie Class, and Vocabulary. The discussion section is studying and discussing various academic topics in groups and in pairs with the instructor’s guidance and correction. In the Grammar Focus part, we concentrated on clarifying and eliminating our most common English grammar speaking mistakes with practice and analysis. Also, Idioms class introduced us to frequently used idioms and slang in social and academic interactions. We learned to use the idioms in context. For example, ‘on the right track’ means something is going in the right direction. In Movie Class, we watched Little Miss

Sunshine to strengthen our American English listening comprehension, vocabulary, and idioms. Lastly, the vocabulary section enables us to enrich our vocabulary by studying and using new words in discussion and conversation. My afternoon course, Campus Explorer is an online, in-the-field social networking class in which we improve our English communication while

visiting

the

UCLA

campus,

studying,

researching and learning about the history, people, landmarks, educational structure and Campus Explorer – Janss Steps (Afternoon class assignment)

culture of UCLA. We acted as tour guides about

interesting

campus

locations,

interviewed students and officials and attended a special seminar as well as campus

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events. I explained about Powell Library as a special tour guide. Moreover, the MBA seminar was very useful for me because my major is the management field and I have a plan to go to graduate school. We met once a week in a computer lab and three times a week at various campus locations. Students and teachers stayed in contact online via Twitter. So, students must use their own laptop, iPad or smart phone with internet access to take this class. I think the strongest point of this program is promoting speaking and conversation skills not only in class but also out of the class, such as on the street, in the restaurant, at the bus stop, and so on. Most of Korean college students are afraid of talking to foreigners although they know a lot of words and grammar points. So I strongly recommend students who want to improve their speaking and listening skills to take this program. Also, instructors are very nice and they are good resources to correct and check your English mistakes and wrong habits.

My afternoon class was new one so it had trial and error like finding some locations on campus with Wi-Fi. However, in-the-field course was very fresh and made me alive and active during the class. I could practice my English skills directly in daily lives and apply something I learned to my friends or homestay family. One of my great regrets is the short term of the program. If you want to focus on English language skills more than cultural exchange, you can continue to study by applying for the next program. Besides, there are other programs such as Academic Intensive English Program (AIEP) and longer-term IECP programs. Not only classes, I experienced American culture and ideas from many interesting places in Los Angeles and western America. During the program, I celebrated th

Americaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s birthday on July 4 . I saw gorgeous fireworks with my homestay family. Also, I visited some places connected to entertainment and amusement like Universal Studios Hollywood, Sea World in San Diego and Disneyland. They have their own theme: movies, marine life, and dreams. So, I also got some information about the

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history and technique of American movies, marine ecosystem, and wonderful technologies to convert kids’ dreams into reality. I love watching baseball games, so I watched a Dodger’s game in Dodger Stadium. I could experience American culture from watching Dodger’s game

and enjoying a baseball game. I went to

some museums like Getty Center, Powell Library, Fowler Museum, and so on. Especially I was surprised to see the grand scale and wonderful artworks of the Getty Center because Paul Getty contributed his entire collection and the whole area of the museum to society. So I realized the reason why rich people in U.S. are held in respect by the community. After the program, I had a5 nights 6 days tour of Western U.S. I visited Las Vegas, Bryce Canyon, Zion Canyon, Grand Canyon, Yosemite, and San Francisco. My favorite is Zion Canyon because one-hour drive of Zion Canyon is like an expedition to Garden of the Gods. I couldn’t say anything in front of the nature’s masterpiece. After this wonderful summer vacation, I have to go back to dorm and start a new trimester. My upgraded discussion and conversation skills will help me to lead the group

discussion

and

course

activities.

Furthermore,

I’m

sure

information

and

knowledge I got from this 7-week cultural experience will make me confident everywhere I go.

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□ Name: Han, Dahyae (dahyae0813@unist.ac.kr) □ Host Institute: UCLA □ Participating Program: Culture Exchange Program □ Study Period: July 2 ~ July 26, 2012

Preparation In March, 2012, I got a chance to realize my old plan, my ’American dream’. I attended a presentation for foreign study in March. After that, I had hard time to pick one program I would join. I couldn’t find any special difference of the programs. Among several candidates, I decided to join the program at UCLA. That’s because I thought that UCLA has a long history for language school and it will give me high-quality classes. Also, the life in UCLA looks fun in the review book that student wrote who joined the program on a previous vacation. After choosing the program, I started to prepare for my special summer vacation. At first, I specified the schedule of the plan. Because my uncle’s family lives in New York City, I decided to visit there before the program starts and got to LA. Also, I wanted to travel after the program to utilize my improved English speaking skills so that I booked a one-week travel plan from LA to San Francisco through an agency, Trek America. I think that it is a good choice. After finalizing my plan, I booked a seat on an air plane. I chose American Airlines because its ticket price from Korea to New York City is the cheapest one. Issuing a Visa was a little bit complicated and consumed much money and time but, anyway, I got back my passport with my Visa in two days after the Visa interview. And I bought some books for studying and guide book for New York and LA. I think a guide book for the site where you will visit is necessary. You can see the exact amount of what you know. You should organize your plan well before the departure. If not, you might miss many things.

Departing from Korea to New York City On the day of leaving Korea, I was very nervous that I took a plane. I was worried about staying in America for about two months, visiting many different places and

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taking a total of six planes including the one passing through Japan. While waiting for boarding, I looked back into the time to plan and prepare for the two-month trip. I prayed for a safe and meaningful trip. The time was out and…… The plane which is the first one in my journey kicked off the ground. After taking off, I couldn’t leave my eyes from window for a while but I fell asleep soon. After a short waiting time in Tokyo Narita airport, I took another plane bound for New York City. I had a good and long, long, long time in the flight. Before leaving the plane, I started to be worried again about rejection from entering America. I talked again and again with my new friend who was in the seat right next me and was surprisingly a student from Ulsan University. OMG, what if they reject me, what should I do? Should I go back to Korea? I don’t have enough money to buy the ticket for the flight. Moreover, if I return to Korea in this way, I can’t go back home because my family will be disappointed with me and think that a second chance or another travel plan will never come. However, the anxiety of being rejected by immigration turned out to be unnecessary. The person who took my entrance interview never said a word to me. He just said to me, “Hello, take off your hat, touch your finger on the screen and look at the camera”. And then he stamped a US seal on my passport and I-20, and return documents to me. That’s all. When you come to U.S.A., you don’t need to be too worried about immigration. If you have an I-20, you can easily pass through immigration. Anyway, hello America! Finally I came here! Before the program I departed Korea in the morning, but, after a 13 hour flight, it was still sunny in New York! I couldn’t believe that I arrived in America!

I had lunch, 회덮밥, in a Korean

restaurant^^! I was confused…… am I really in America? But, the symptom turned out to be jet lag. The next day, I went to Manhattan with my cousin and realized that wow, I’m in America! In two weeks in New York, I saw, ate and experienced many

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things that I never did before. I saw the Statue of the Liberty, took pictures with the bronze statue of a bull in Wall street, visited Ground zero where the twin building stood, watched ‘Phantom of the Opera’ on Broadway. I had a good time in Central Park, walked across the Brooklyn Bridge, ate a ‘Shake Shake burger’, soaked in Niagara Falls, took the freedom trail in Boston which is a trip along a line to visit historic places, entered the Smithsonian museum in Washington D.C. and so on. I tried to experience as much as I could. But, if I had planned more well than I did, I would experience more. Anyway, I’m satisfied with my two week trip in New York, Boston and Washington D.C. Flight from NY City to Los Angeles Two days before the program started, I left New York City. I felt sad because I can’t see the variety of NY City anymore. A week ahead of the departure, I called my homestay host to ask for a pick-up from LAX airport but I got back the response that she can’t do it for me. So, I booked a shuttle from the Super shuttle website. The Super Shuttle is door-to-door pick up service and charges you fees depending on where you want to go. I paid $25 (included taxes and tips) to be picked up from the airport to my homestay house located in Westwood. If you need a pick-up from the airport, I recommend you to use the Super Shuttle. You can make reservations online. Even if you couldn’t book ahead, you can use it right in front of the exit of all gates (But, you are charged more and wait longer than booking online).

UCLA Extension UCLA

(University

California,

Los

Angeles)

was

founded in 1919. The Undergraduate course consists of a college of liberal arts, social sciences,

life

science, natural science, physical science, and art & th

architecture. Now in 2012, it ranks 13

among the

world’s top 300 universities, according to the London

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Time Higher Education, which bases its ranking on 13 performance indicators in the areas of teaching, research, citations, industry income and international outlook. Also, th

UCLA was ranked 25 in the nation by U.S. News & World Report. UCLA Extension is an institute of lifelong education of UCLA and one part of UCLA Extension is the American language center where I studied and you will learn and train English speaking skills. Technically, UCLA Extension is not UCLA just like the UNIST language center. Moreover, most of place where we took classes are outside the campus. Therefore, if you expect to get a high quality class from UCLA, you might not be satisfied with this program. But, if you want to train your English speaking skills and to make foreign friends, you can have chances to do it. In addition to this, when you want to get more chances to improve your English speaking skills, you have to get good score in placement test. The higher level you get, the more you will get. Placement test The placement test is composed of listening, grammar and speaking criteria. The most important and critical part to get into a high level class is the SPEAKING test. The speaking test is aman-to-man interview style test. Many interviewers are waiting for you and you can take a test by first come first serve rule. The interviewer will ask you several simple questions and grade your speaking level by pronunciation, grammar, intonation, fluency and so on. The interview is short (but, it depends on the interviewer style and your speaking level) The listening test is very easy so you just have to concentrate on it. Then you can get a good score. The grammar test is also easy. I recommend you to study subjunctive mood and fundamental grammar before leaving Korea. Then itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s not going to be a problem for you to get a high score on the grammar test.

Classes in UCLA Extension UCLA Extension has three different type of morning classes Academic, culture and

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business, and five different afternoon classes Discover LA, exploring UCLA, spoken English, writing and iBT TOEFL. You should choose two of the morning classes and one of the afternoon classes. From Monday to Thursday, you will take one morning and afternoon class by turns. In my case, I chose ‘academic’ and ‘culture’ class as my morning classes and ‘discover LA’ as my afternoon class. Every Mondays & Wednesdays I took the academic class in the morning and every Tuesday & Thursday I had the culture class. In ‘Discover LA’ class, I visited four places Getty center, Beverly Hills, Hollywood and Venice beach. The Getty center is a private museum where exhibits a collection of J. Paul Getty. Although the Getty center is held privately, it is opened for the public without an entrance fee. Besides the huge and wide range of their precious and beautiful collection, the Getty center

is well-known as beautiful architecture of the

building and garden. They give you a free guided tour of paintings, architecture, and the garden. The other places are well-known places where you don’t need to explain so I skip the explanation of those places. After visiting a place, you have to upload your photos on the website and make two video clips which are about two places among four different places. I will explain the other afternoon class based on what I heard about from my friends. Exploring UCLA is literally to explore the UCLA campus. I don’t know how exactly the class is instructed. But, I heard that a teacher designates the place where you should go during the class time and you have to make a video clip that contains where you went to and how you felt, something like that. If you’re interested in UCLA, this class is good for you. Spoken English is related to speaking skills. In the class, you learn pronunciation and grammar using in spoken English. Also you have to give a ten-minute presentation in class time. The topic of the presentation is what you want. As my classmate said, she had lots of fun during the class because of the funny teacher, Ben. My home mate

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also recommended it to me. After taking this class, he became confident to talking in front of lots of people. Writing English class is, I just heard that it is boring. You will learn grammar used in writing and how to write in this class. Frankly speaking, I don’t know much about this class so I can’t give you useful information on choosing this class. The only thing I know is that writing English class is boring. iBT TOEFL class is the class where you study iBT TOEFL. Housing During the program, I stayed in a homestay house. Its location is very good. First, the house is not far from UCLA. It took me about fifteen minutes by bus to go to the UCLA Extension building. And it is located in Westwood which is known as the safest area in LA. My homestay host was not bad and especially my six home mates who live with me at the same house were very good. Every dinner we spent about two hours to eat dinner and talk with them. Although the homestay house depends on your luck, it will be a good experience for you. After the program Right after finishing the program, I joined the Trek America team that had a week travel together. Thirteen group members are from nine different countries. In the first day, we went

sightseeing

members

took

Hollywood.

picture

All

front

group of

the

“Beverly Hills” sign. The photo is the first photo of our team members. After that, we left L.A. and started to go to the Grand Canyon. The Grand Canyon is very far from L.A. so that the first night we camped near Colorado River on the way to the Grand Canyon. The next day, I arrived at the

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Grand Canyon. In

my first look, the Grand Canyon was incredible! It looked like

unreal! If God exists, it is definitely a masterpiece of God. The valleys are deep and huge. One of the valleys was conquered by me the next day. After two days in the Grand Canyon, we headed for Las Vegas, the city of dreams and fantasy! The first time in my life, I went to a Casino! I didn’t bet in the casino but, one of my team member won $60 by the black jack game. It was a lucky night in Las Vegas. But the teaching of the night is that money is magic paper you can get everything in Las Vegas, at the same time it is magic paper you can lose everything. Getting money is luck but losing money is a piece of cake. In that sense, Las Vegas is a very attractive city. The next destination is Yosemite national Park. If we say Grand Canyon is a masterpiece of God, Yosemite Park is the masterpiece of nature. I saw wild baby bear and a deer family while I see the sight of the park by bicycle. After meeting with wild animals, I arrived there and headed for the last destination, San Francisco! Golden Gate Bridge in the fog is the first place I visited. I was always amused throughout the trip when I saw the thing that I’ve just heard or seen in TV or pictures. I’m happy to just be there. Every city shows me totally different own appearance. It makes me totally different. See, listen, smell and eat the variety of travel! You can see as much as you know. At the same time, you can know as much as you see! I hope you also get many things in this vacation. I strongly recommend you to get this chance. Are you ready to fly? :)

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□ Name: Sim, Hyeonsuck (shs4275@hanmail.net) □ Host Institute: UCLA □ Participating Program: Culture Exchange Program □ Study Period: July 2 ~ July 26, 2012

I went to LA from July 1st to July 27th. It was a very impressive experience. I met so many friends, Korean guys and also foreigners. I experienced many things that's different from Korea. And I also regret about many things, like 'I should have prepared more before the trip' or 'I should hang out more in LA'. Now I'm going to tell about my LA life. Before I write about my life in LA, I want to tell you something that I regret. I think maybe these things can be the most helpful words in my travel essay. 1. You should take a lot of pictures. When you hang out some place, sometimes you feel so tired that you don't want to take a picture. But when you come back to Korea, I'm sure that you will miss the people you met, foods you eat, places you visit, even the road you walked everyday when you traveled. I think I'm so lazy that I really don't like to take pictures. One of my friends I met in LA took many pictures using my phone. I really appreciate it. I hope I took pictures of my dormitory and grocery store because I don't have any. 2. You should not be afraid of spending money. There was a travel program in UCLA Extension. Every weekend there was a travel program. You can join by paying money. There was Disney land, Water park, Holly wood, Las Vegas .But I never joined it because it's quite expensive. Every program was about $300 (for a two, or three day trip). And my friends asked me to go to Las Vegas with them. But I also didn't join them. I thought it is a waste of money and also I was too lazy to go far. I regret it very much because I won't have many chances to visit LA again. I chose 'Discover LA'

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(we choose 3 classes) at the UCLA Extension program so I had a few chances to visit some places. If I didn't listen to that class, maybe I wouldn't visit any place. So I recommend you to visit many places and don't worry too much about money, or be lazy. 3. Try to be talkative and friendly. I feel hard to talk to strangers or people I meet for the first time. For the first two weeks, I almost never hung out after school because I had no one to go out with me except my roommate. After then I got close with some guys and hung out a lot. I got chances to see the nice places in LA and to make many nice friends. Both were priceless. Before leave Korea I worried very much about getting my visa because I heard the American visa interview is very strict and I have to go to Seoul to get it.

But

interview,

was they

quiet asked

simple. me

In very

the

Visa

simple

questions and they didn't even asked me to UCLA Campus

give documents that I prepared. So I want to

tell you don't need to worry about the Visa. And I bought a prepaid Sim Card at the AT&T shop in America. You can use your cell phone if you buy asim card and change it. Mine was 30$ for 200-minuite call, free text. U can buy international calling and 3G. But you should pay more. At first I tried to buy it in Korea, but it was too expensive. You can find mobile shops easily. And also easy to buy. Just go into a shop and tell them"I want to buy prepay Sim card" and they will explain nicely. I think buying it after you arrive in America is better. You should check if your phone has a sim card (some phones don't have a sim card. Like mine. I brought my brothers phone) and if it is unlocked.

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Before I left Korea, I was so excited. And also worried very much. On the day I left, I woke up at 3AM and took the bus to Incheon international airport. I was so tired. I waited about two or three hours there. I chatted to some friends and family to say good bye. And I took

the airplane. My flight was via Japan. I also worried about

moving to a plane in Japan because I can't speak Japanese. But the Japanese workers spoke Korean. So it wasn't a big deal too. I think everything I worried about before was not a big deal. Everything from the airplane to living things was very well prepared. On airplane, I was very tired. Waiting for 12 hours just sitting was very hard work. Anyway I spent time watching movies, listening to songs and finally arrived at LAX. I found my baggage and passed through immigration. When I got out of LAX, I found I don't know how to get to UCLA. Some strange guys talked to me they work for a taxi and where I'm going. I felt scared about them. So I decided to take a bus. But there wasn't any direction board. There was only a sign that says 'Here is the bus stop!'. So I found taxi stop. The famous 'Yellow cab'. I heard it's expensive but I didn't have any other choice. And it cost $50. About my LA house I arrived at 424 Kelton avenue. I couldn't find where the entrance of the building was. One guy in the balcony shouted 'hey u can find the entrance there'. I said thank you and got into the building. I used the intercom to call the dormitory manager. Actually, I applied for the dormitory, but it was not a dormitory, just a renting room. I found that the real dormitory was on the UCLA campus. Anyway the manager came out and explained to me the details about living there. A strange thing was I have to pay for the internet. But paying for the internet meant that they give me a password for wifi. Everyone in the building used one wifi, so it was very slow. And I can use one password for one device, so if I want to use a computer and cell phone wifi, I have to buy two. It was $28 for 1 internet. I felt the Korean internet service is very good. And the manager gave me maps and some information

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about buildings near here (like grocery stores or pharmacy stores). When I get into my room, it was much better than I thought. The first room was very big (for 2 people) and clean. There was a nice balcony too. And it was very impressive that there is swimming pool at the rooftop of the building. I unpacked my baggage, and slept directly. Because I was so tired. As I remember, I woke up at 3AM, and there was my roommate in another bed. I got out carefully and tried to find the grocery store. I wanted to call or chat with my family and friends, but I didn't have a phone. Anyway I walked a longtime looking at the map. But it was hard to know where I am exactly. In America, street and avenue names are very well signed, but it was too dark so I couldn't see signs very well. I walked very much and finally found the grocery store. Later I found that I had walked round and round. I bought some cookies and beverage. I tried to buy some beer but in America, guys over 21 years can buy alcohol (for Korean age twenty two). And 18 years old to buy cigarettes. I think it is weird, because I think smoking is worse than drinking. So in America they smoke earlier and drink later than us. Anyway I came back to my dormitory and used the internet. I thought maybe I can use 'kakaotalk' on the computer. If I bought one more internet, I could use wifi and chat with my friends in my room. But I bought only one internet, so I tried to do that on the computer. I searched on internet and found some programs, I downloaded many programs but nothing worked. And finally, I found the program named 'blue stack'. It was program that shows Android interface on your computer. You can download almost every application in that program and use it. So I could use kakaotalk in computer and chatted a lot with Korean friends and family. And there's strange thing. In my room, I couldn't use my phone. The cell phone network was unavailable in my room. Like call or message. It was so uncomfortable. When I had an appointment with my LA friends, I had to go out and talk or chat with them.

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And about laundry, there was a laundry room on every floor of my house. Washing clothes was $1.50 and drying clothes was $1.25. And only quarters (25cent coin) were available for the laundry machine. It was a very big deal to save quarters (we need 11 quarters for one load of laundry). About 6 or 7 am, my roommate woke up. We talked a little bit about what kind of person we were in Korea and had a simple breakfast together. About my school program On the first school day, we chose our classes. Each person had to listen to3 classes. There are six classes: Speaking, Business, Culture, TOEIC, Campus explorer, Discover LA. And each class is separated into 3 levels. Advanced, intermediate, and basic. I chose Business, Culture and Discover LA. The business teacher was Korean who was born in America (his parents are Korean). At first I felt him to be a hard person. But he was a fun guy. And he tried to talk to students a lot and make his or other classes better. I learned about Business words and how to be competitive in society. The most interesting thing that I learned in his class was 5 things that you should not tell your boss. Actually I don't remember each statement but I just remember it was quite interesting. On the last class day our class went out to eat lunch together. The culture class was kind of a fun class. We always saw dramas and talked about it. On the first day of class, we talked about what are the Chinese zodiac signs and find what zodiac we got. The Discover LA class was awesome. We visited 4 famous places. Getty center, Venice beach, Hollywood and Beverly Hills. During class time we didn't visit some place, we studied about the next place we are going to visit, or made video about the place we visited. On the day we chose our classes, one girl told me that Discover LA class is very nice. I forgot who she is but I really appreciate it.

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About my daily life LA's weather was very nice and the roads were clean. At first I thought it was too dry, but after only 2 or 3 days I felt it was really nice. And LA was sunny pretty much every day. LA felt very hot but it was because of the sunshine, not because of the temperature so it wasn't very annoying. And there were many squirrels on the road. Many people were walking with their dogs and many guys were tanning in their yard. And we can see boys running without shirts. And something really interesting was cars wait for people to walk across. It was very different from Korea because in Korea people wait for cars to go first. I think we should learn from this culture. Also many homes were together on the hill and many stores were together down from the hill. It was quite bothering because I have to walk 20 minutes to buy something. I missed Korean family marts so much. Everyday my class started at 9AM and ended at 3PM. After class, I used to visit Ralphs with my roommate on our way home. Ralphs is the name of the grocery store. There are 3 big grocery stores near UCLA. Ralphs, Whole food and Joes . Whole food sells natural foods so it was a little bit expensive. Joes sells their own products (They make everything by themselves). Ralphs was a very normal store. And if you make a card, you can get a discount. So we used Ralphs a lot. I ate every lunch and almost every dinner at a restaurant. I ate at school during lunch time so I had to eat outside. There were many restaurants near UCLA. I liked In-n-out, Gushi, and noodle world. In-n-out is a famous fast food restaurant in America. It had only three Menu items. Hamburger, Cheese burger, and Double cheese burger. But I liked it and many guys did too. Gushi was a Korean food restaurant. It was quite different with foods we used to eat in Korea. But it was good. Noodle world had many countries traditional noodles. Almost every food in America was salty or sweet. In LA, I missed Korean food much and thought I have nothing to eat here, but I miss American food now.

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About Significant things I did In my class, almost everyone was Taiwanese. A Few were from Hong Kong, Korea, and Japan. So I got close with many Taiwanese students. We became close in the Discover LA class

because

went

many

places

together during class time. I think if I became Beautiful Venice canal

close with more Koreans it would have been

more fun. Anyway, in Discover LA, we visited Getty center, Venice beach, Hollywood and Beverly Hills. Getty center is an art museum. It wasn't very interesting but the garden inside was beautiful. At Venice beach, I had a lot of fun. The Venice canal was so beautiful. In addition we saw many performances on the beach and took many pictures. When we visited someplace in the Discover LA class, we started with the teacher but the teacher would go back at 3PM so we have to get back by ourselves. When we visited Venice beach, we walked for 2hours because we couldn't find where the bus stop is. There was construction near the bus stop so the bus stop was moved. As a result we couldn't find where the new bus stop is. We asked passengers and police but no one knew it. We were very tired that time but I think we had some fun with that situation. Hollywood was not as nice as I expected, but it was fun. We saw many custom play guys, foot prints of Hollywood stars, and Disney center. We stopped by many stores and watched many things. We saw the famous Hollywood sign and went to 'California pizza kitchen' which is a famous restaurant in California. Finally the Beverly Hills was very rich. There was very many expensive brand shopping malls and many nice cars. We didn't do much there. We just walked around and went back. I went to Santa Monica beach twice. First with my roommate and second with my Taiwanese friends. At first only with two people and no swimming was not very fun.

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We just did a little shopping and came back. There is a very big shopping area near Santa Monica beach. But the second time was quiet fun. I swam, played volleyball, relaxed and listened to music on the sand. We also went shopping again when I visited Santa Monica My Discover LA classmates

and the second time I got burned by the sun

very much. My friend told me to spread sunscreen but I didn't. And after I got red, my friend laughed at me. I also visited little Tokyo, The Grove mall, and Universal studios. I also played basketball with my foreign friends often. One day, I invited my friends to my dormitory. They said they want to eat 신라면 so my roommate and I cooked 신라면 and 햇반. But no one ate much. Everyone said they were full. I think they didn't like it.

I went to party on the last day. In a small room there were so many

people. And all of them were crazy. I wasn't familiar with that kind of mood so I didn't have much fun. But I think it was a special experience.

Graduation and leaving On graduation day, every student gathered and had a graduation ceremony. I felt sad about

leaving

LA.

During

the

graduation

ceremony, we saw a slide show made of our pictures. Almost everyone was in that slide show and also there were some pictures of Graduation ceremony

me and my friends. When watching it I felt so touched. After graduation, we took many

pictures and said good bye to each other. As I wrote above, I went to a party on my graduation day. After the party my two Korean friends came to my room and played until 4~5AM and slept in my room. I

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had to wake up at 7AM and pack my baggage because my flight time was about noon. I was very tired but it was an unforgettable night. In the morning we said goodbye to each other and left. I was so sad on my way to Korea. I spent the whole 12 hours on the airplane watching pictures. Visiting LA was a really nice experience. I would never forget my foreign friends and places I visited in LA.

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□ Name: Kim, Dong Hyun (dongkdh77s@unist.ac.kr) □ Host Institute: UCLA □ Participating Program: Culture Exchange Program □ Study Period: July 2 ~ July 26, 2012

Choice of UCLA I like to travel somewhere than study about places. Rather than only read the book about a place, I actually try to experience it and I think that’s more rewarding. After finishing high school, I wanted to do something else, more English classes, and the school surrounded by mountains, made me more deviant. By accident, I found a study abroad program when I was surfing the UNIST message board. I decided to go somewhere this summer vacation and I had to fill out an application. Some things got confusing. 'Which is the best university?' I thought few days because there are many different courses and my choice could affect the quality of my experience. For me, this was the first time to study abroad. Finally, I decided on UCLA because it was not only the best university in Los Angeles, but also my uncle was living in Fullerton near Disneyland, so I planned to go UCLA.. Preparation Applying for a plane ticket, passport and visa, took a lot of paperwork. Furthermore, School exam period made me crazy. However, I really wanted to go to the United States during the summer vacation. I tried to find a variety of information. Thanks to teacher Choi’s help, I was able to prepare it easily. Happening I have suffered so much during the process. First, I could not go to UCLA because of spilled water on the passport. It is a really serious problem. If a visa was gets spoiled, you have not only to register from the beginning, giving a registration fee of 160 dollars

but also spend a lot of time waiting. I planned up to 10 days before

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departure, so I received the visa on June 28

and the next day I went to the United

States. Secondly, I didn't know how take a shuttle bus, so I rented a car and spent approximately 91 dollars. If I had read the details, I would have saved a lot of money. Of course, If you are going to an unfamiliar area, rent a car service is one of the most safe and fast ways to go. But you don't have to use money if unnecessary, because average price is more expensive than in Korea. UCLA Life I had studied English for more than 20 hours per week in UCLA Extension. The program was

mainly

made

Morning

and

Afternoon classes. I applied for Business and Culture in the morning class and Discovery L.A in the afternoon class. Anyway, I wanted to

visit

famous

places

L.A,

and

the

Afternoon class has been a great help to me. In all of the lessons that I've applied for most of the students were Chinese. It seemed like a school in China. When the Chinese student talked to one another, they spoke using Chinese. UCLA is really big compared to UNIST. It seems to be too wide and have really spacious land in the United States. In addition, the UCLA students studied really hard. My homestay host worked 4 years as a researcher in UCLA, so he sometimes told me UCLA information. Ah, I forgot to tell you to home-stay. Fortunately, my host was quite nice to me, so I think that home-stay is more satisfying than dormitory. I

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went to several popular restaurants with my host and learned about American culture. In sequence, busses in L.A. are differ from busses in Korea. Usually when you ride a bus in L.A., you pay 1 dollar and if you want to transfer onto another bus, you pay 1.5 dollars except for the metro bus. Anyway, I took a lot of pictures with friends in several places, it was unforgettable. <Disneyland> Disneyland is located in Anaheim and is one of the most famous places in the world. Many people go to Disneyland even on weekdays. Ticket price is 85 dollars if you buy your ticket in the UCLA Ticket house. Of course, few friends including Anderson are funny but I guess It seems to be a place only for young children. Looking after Disneyland, I concluded that visiting it once is good because this place is very famous but more than once is not. <Magic mountain> I didn't go to magic mountain Because I had to go to Sanfrancisco. My friends who visited magic mountain told me "this is a very exciting place. You must go there!!" I have no chance to go there during study period, but after finishing this course, my uncle living in Fullerton told me about it, so I got a chance to go there. Magic mountain is a really thrilling place. I heard a little bit about that as an amusement park, approximately 80% consists of a roller coaster and the line is fairly long. You could buy ticket in the UCLA ticket house very cheaply. I bought a

ticket for 33 dollars compared to regular price 61.99 dollars. It is a

reasonable price. Magic mountain is far from UCLA so if you don't have your own car, you could apply for going there in California Tour or go with your friends.

<Universal studio> It is one of the most famous places where a lot of people congregate. I went with only UNIST students. Universal studio is near UCLA ,so we took a metro bus and

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subway.

minutes

later

arrived

Universal City and had a good time. I didn't ride a lot, but I felt that the culture industry is so huge compared to South Korea. Also for the first time I was curious about how to make movies. Fortunately there was a place to explain how to make a movie effects so I had an opportunity to think about it. Ticket is expensive but you can go there twice a year. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s worth it to go there twice. I recommend it.

<Hollywood> I went to Hollywood in the afternoon Class. It takes 60 minutes to go from UCLA, the city was gorgeous. The tour guide told me "Many hollywood actors visitt here. If you have some luck, you can find them" but I didn't see actors. Maybe they are busy to visit, and many stars carved actor's name exist in the street. It looks good. Also many main characters were on the side of the road, I took a photo with Charlie who is a main character in "Charlie and the Chocolate Factory". I also took a picture of the transformer's Bumblebee. Thanks to here, it was fun to take pictures. I think you need to go once if you visit Los Angeles. Studying with foreigners is so good , but I think that having the good memories is also a sort of study, so I will mention about some of the places I went.

Feeling It was a valuable and expensive time during a month.

interesting

discuss

UCLA

student. I have no regret that I visited many famous

places

Hollywood,

such

Disney

Land,

Universal Six

Flags,

studios, Santa

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Monica Beach and SanFrancisco during a short time. I experienced various cultures keeping touch with my foreign friends. If I have a chance to go there, Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ll prepare more information that will be helpful.

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□ Name: Kwon, Min (infinitic@unist.ac.kr) □ Host Institute: University of Manchester □ Participating Program: Culture Exchange Program □ Study Period: June 25 ~ July 20, 2012

I’ve been in Europe for two months. For the first month, I was in University of Manchester and took an English course. After that, I WOOFed in North Yorkshire (England) and Lanarkshire (Scotland) for about twenty days. And then, I traveled to some European In class, with Bruce. His class was good.

countries until I came back to Korea.

In Manchester, I took the course “Gateway Course”as Cultural Exchange. As the minimum period of the study is 4 weeks, so I took the course for 4 weeks. And I was in dormitory of UoM (University of Manchester), because homestay was not provided in that summer. And WOOF, Worldwide Opportunities on Organic Farms, is a kind of volunteer work. WOOFers work, and the WOOF host (organic farm) provides food, accommodation, and opportunities to learn, in exchange for assistance with farming or gardening activities. So the WOOFers don’t get financial payments. But it is just volunteer work, so the work is not so hard. I worked average 5~6 hours a day, 5 days a week. I experienced a lot of new things. And then, I traveled some Europe countries. Actually, I put a trip to Japan into my traveling schedule, because stopover was free in case of Japan Airlines. But I changed the plan by changing my flight ticket. So I traveled tofive countries: Scotland, England, Netherlands, Belgium, and France. I feel a little sorry that I’ve been only five countries, although I could travel more. It was because that I didn’t prepare well.

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I began to prepare this journey in April, as I had to leave Korea in June, so it was quite late. First of all, I booked my flight. Because I didn’t book it early, I couldn’t buy it at a cheap price. Other cheap tickets were sold out already. As booking my flight, I made a The last day of Target Module Class

list of stuff which I had to buy or bring from

Korea. Also I started to contact to WOOF hosts in the U.K. I took an airplane in Gimhae International Airport. For the four weeks in University of Manchester, I spent most of the time playing table tennis. Usually, I played with Korean friends, but sometimes Chinese or French wanted to play with us so we played with them. I had classes for four and half hours each day, from Monday to Friday. After the class, I used to go shopping with friends. Otherwise, I played table tennis or had a rest in dormitory room. Actually, I didn’t speak English much out of the class. Because I was with Korean friends and they could speak better than me. I had to speak English more. I think 4 weeks is too short to make friends with foreigners. We were quite close at that time. But after we left there, new students come and they became close. It is like the proverb, “Out of Sight, out of mind.” Anyway, we are still friends on Facebook. Sometimes they make comments on my post and click ‘Like it’. If I could turn back time, I would speak as much as possible. Being there was a great opportunity to speak and improve my English, but I couldn’t take advantage of it well. It looks quite short to practice English, but I think it can be useful. Actually, my English was improved during WOOF, because I had to speak English on my own in that time. It was just about 20 days. So I think that four weeks are not short. If try to speak English much, it will be more valuable time. Experiences in Manchester were very worthy for me. It was the first time for me to

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be abroad. Everything seemed very new and interesting to me. As I go around, walk and talk with foreigners, I could learn lots of things and felt that I improved mentally. Finishing gateway course in University of Manchester,

went

Swainby,

North

Yorkshire. It was my first woof host. It was in countryside. My host was an old man, his name

wasGraham.

came

back

his

hometown after he retired, about 5 years Shelling peas. I did that with eating some peas.

ago. And there was another woofer, Charlse, from France. I work 5 hours each day and 5

days a week. I did some gardening works there. Every morning I watered the poly tunnel and picked some Raspberry. After that, I used to do some weeding. I cut some branches of tree or made compost. At weekend, we took a walk or went mountain biking. It was near the Moors National Park. It was very scenic and peaceful countryside. But there, Charles couldnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t speak English. So I had to talk with Graham. Anyway, there was good for me. I like to work like that. After the ten days in Swainby, I went to Lesmahagow, Scotland. It is located South of Glasgow. Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;m scheduled to be at ISKCON, a kind of temple of Hare Krishna. I thought it would be agreat experience for me. As I expected, it was the best place. It was like a We used to play card games after work. It was very interesting.

community. There were other WOOFers, from USA, Japan, France, Switzerland and Wales.

They were all friendly. I worked six hours each day. I did various work. Unlike the farm in Swainby, they were quite organized. I did almost different works each day. I did digging, picking

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some peas, beans or berries, planting some flowers, weeding, watering, making garland, and so on. I used to chat with other WOOFers during the work. After work, usually we played card games. Sometimes went to a nearby pub to drink. We talked a lot and it made my English better. Working and talking with others was very fun and made me happy. Work was not hard. I could learn lots of things from working and talking. I stayed there just for 10 days, so I felt very sorry when I had to leave there. I wanted to stay there more, but I could not because I had made some reservations for travel. The third part of my journey was traveling in Europe. I started my travel in Glasgow, near to last WOOF host. The original plan for travel was like this: Glasgow Edinburgh - London - Amsterdam - Brussel(Brugge) - Paris - Tokyo. But I changed it. I subtracted Tokyo from it. Glasgow was a big city and there were lots of people. But I thought that Edinburgh is better. It was during fringe festival, so there were plenty of things to see and do. And the buildings looked unique and beautiful. Next was London. I spent five days in London. It was during London Olympics 2012. I didnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t make any reservations to seegames, but I could see some games, like marathon. And the air of London was lively with people and energetic. I liked that atmosphere. I spent most of the time on sight-seeing. And almost every day in London, I went to a park and had a nap. The weather was good. Because I like to walk, I spent lots of time walking. And I watched just two musicals in London. I regret not watching more musicals there. The two were fantastic. I should watch more musicals. Next, I went to Amsterdam by Easy jet. It is a low-cost airline. Because I booked a ticket in advance, I could take that with quite cheap price. I spent 2 days in Amsterdam, and went to Brussel. And then, I went to Paris.

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Though Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ve been in Amsterdam, Brussel, and Paris for a week or more, but I feel just few days were interesting. Because I like to go somewhere alone, so I made every plan on my own and I literally traveled most of the places alone. First a few days were very interesting and new, but just five or six days later, I started to feel little bored. I think it was a kind of loneliness. But I met some Koreans there, and I used to travel with them. I think that the experiences about foreign cultures are necessary. Personally, all those things above are very valuable experiences for me. It is hard to express it, but I feel that I became a better person. I hope that UNIST gives plenty of scholarships to many students for these International Programmes. Thank you.

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□ Name: Huh, Jihyun (812hgy@unist.ac.kr) □ Host Institute: University of Manchester □ Participating Program: Culture Exchange Program □ Study Period: June 25 ~ July 20, 2012

Have you ever traveled to unknown places or to foreign countries? I believe almost all people have dreamt of traveling to other countries, of course including me. My first trip was to America in first grade of High school. And the following year, I also have been to Japan and China. I already went around some of these countries, however,

sightseeing

was with

very

short

friends.

and

always

was

for

wanted

fun to

have

meaningful time which can think of my life deeply. So, I decided to apply for the “culture experience program”which is one of programs UNIST supports. And I choose England (UK) among several countries because I never have been there and for opportunity of travel to Europe. Culture, life style, and old history of Europe I studied through books, has really intrigued me, so I was very nervous and it made my heart flutter before leaving. Also, this program was also for study English at Manchester University in England. So, it was much more valuable experiences. From now on, I will introduce my story of life in England for a month and of travel in Europe. And, I will write this for who is planning to take this program for study abroad and who wants to know about foreign countries from preparation. I hope this will give you much help. Ready before leaving!! I didn’t know how hard, how important preparation is. It is not only significant but also a necessary part. I think I already begin study abroad from start to plan,

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because I have to look into everything for a better experience. At first, it is obvious that to be in a flurry cause don’t know how to do planning. So I was, but with many helps from friends who already took this program, I can prepare step by step. Then, what are plans we have to do? First of all, it is of course to be starting point that I will get on reserving a plane ticket. Before reserving, you should decide on a period of abroad, which plane is good for not only a cheap price but also better qualities or services. There are many sites for finding plane tickets, but it is quite difficult to compare each sites. If then, it is better to get in ‘isic’ homepage which is for international students. If you get in there, you can be given so much information about planes, international credit card, and also transportation reservation such as U-rail (sort of train which goes through boundary of Europe). Also, you can use a consultant to find cheap and good plane tickets very fast and easily. Furthermore, the sooner you make reservations the cheaper the price will be. And another important thing is preparation of documents to live in dormitory of Manchester University. Passport is necessarily needed, so check the expiration date of your passport. Tips There is a very useful website which is called ““U-rang””. I am sure almost all Korean students who are planning to travel abroad use this site. When you get in there, you can see so many information about each country such as cafeteria, weather, hostel, and also can find friends. Life in Manchester University I studied in Manchester University for a month. It was quite short, but I think it was enough time to know and learn about England’s culture.

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English class At first, honestly it was a little disappointing. The class started with very few students, most students were Korean. I am not quite good in speaking English, so I was expecting to meet various foreign friends for be used to communicate with English. I thought that if not, I should face this difficulty and make efforts to participate in conversations not only in class but also out-of class. Of course, I met several friends who came from the Middle East, Japan and Russia. Actually, the way of proceeding lessons were not quite different from foreign language institute in Korea. But, I guarantee that the strong point of this program which never could take in Korea is itself, to live in environment of English. I think more important learning rather than class is in seeing, understanding, recognizing, and adsorbing other peoples behaviors, routines, and cultures. Even if I hardly study with books, it can’t be over than learn from experience by myself. For a month, I had to use English anywhere including class-time, to buy some food and clothes, which I certainly needed to live, for ask about street, or destination, etc. Every day was in English. It was the best study, I think. I also can get self-confidence when I talk to someone in English as well as learn how to say at each situation. I am not such a talkative person, so it is hard to step forward at first. But, slowly I figured out that they are all same people who feel awkward and embarrassed to treat strangers came from another countries. Only those who get over it can grow up much more than expected. To me, it was not just for learning English, but also for learning people and life. Weekend Trip Every week, we had ‘weekend trip’. It is, kind of summer social program, short trip go to near cities in England. When I was there, I had the opportunity to go to 4 cities; Liverpool, Birmingham, Stratford, and York. This trip was supported from school, so transportation was free. I went to 2 cities, Liverpool and Birmingham with friends. It was fun to go around

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the city and see exotic buildings, streets and foods, but also I was happy to meet new friends who came from China and India. Both Liverpool and Birmingham are small but each city has kept their own attraction. I felt another different exotic emotion than Manchester and I was caught up in a mysterious environment. Especially, Liverpool was deeply impressed on my mind. Liverpool has such a nice scene like a port. It was small, but very beautiful when I saw clouds which are reflected in the surface of the water. But, I didn’t know how deep their history had left. Nowadays, Liverpool is very famous for soccer. But I realized that until now we only saw a tiny part of an iceberg. Liverpool has serious and heavy history of slavery and also has sad, unforgettable history of three sunken ships. And I thought it is pleasure people want to find when we look around in places that we admire for their beauty and wonderful architectures, it is more marvelous and more exciting to know hidden histories. I hope that you can feel it from the heart when traveling. I think it is just a charm of travel. Don’t miss it! Dormitory life (Food, Cloth, etc.) If there is another joy in Manchester, it is definitely life in dormitory. I have lived in the

dormitory

for

years

wanted

‘home-stay’

this

time

around.

But,

unfortunately, this time couldn’t support that system, so that I had to accept dormitory life. I’m sure there are many students like me, but let you know how exciting a month in dormitory was. The room was provided for each student one by one. And there is a kitchen, shower room, bathroom to share. Unlike UNIST, we had to cook by ourselves every day, so from beginning of first day, we went around of Manchester, searched Markets, compared which market is cheaper, looked for

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well-known restaurant. Sometimes, it bothered me, but there can’t be no other enjoyment such like this. Specially, I love cheese so much, and I found there were various kinds of cheeses. All I can do was be surprised and happy.

Except

that,

were

happy

for

enormous kinds of each food with cheap price. For that, we cooked various foods such as spaghetti, chicken breast salads, sandwich, etc. As you can see here, if you are a woman, be careful with your body. And also, there is central place to play, to buy clothes, to eat, etc. At there, I saw many musicians, some kind of people who dance and play. I have been to a very delicious bakery and ate Croissant. Every piece of that remained a pleasant memory in my heart.

Travel in Europe In my case, I traveled after the course for about 13 days. I started from London in England, through Paris, Heidelberg (Germany), Czech, and ended with Austria. I will not mention about my travel. The purpose of travel can be found only when ‘you’leave. It is meaningless to tell you how enjoyable, how fun it is. The one thing I just want to tell you is, go out and come back with your own significant meaning for travel. I know everybody loves to travel. I think there is no certain answer for meaning of travel. Everybody has their own reason and meaning. In my case, this time was a moment of pause in my life. Until now, my life was nothing more than a run. Each year I had to plan for the future. Every year I got older, I studied harder and harder. I am not meant it is bad, I like my study and I am willing to go on, just I had no pause until now. Of course, I have rested during some vacations. But, even that time, I was busy learning English and to get more other education or experiences. So, this summer vacation can give me short, but meaningful rest to look

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deep into my life. I enjoyed while I saw various

people,

their

life,

beautiful

scene,

wonderful architectures in each country, on the

other

hand,

also

feel

thankful

for

everything which is given to me. My family, friends, fully provided environment to study, all these things are sudden felt very precious and important. I didn’t find all things about me during travel. Still, I have trouble in my mind and constant concern. But, I figured out one thing that true is always in my mind, not other’s. Go out, leave. You can find true ‘you’ when you leave where you live.

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□ Name: Jeong, Hokyeong (dreamshop@unist.ac.kr) □ Host Institute: University of Manchester □ Participating Program: Culture Exchange Program □ Study Period: June 25 ~ July 20, 2012

Manchester,

which

257km

northwest

London, is a large city in the UK and is situated in the south-central part of North West England. The city is notable for its culture, scientific and engineering output and sporting connections. There are two Premier League foot ball teams which are Manchester City center of Manchester

City and Manchester United that are well known.

Manchester

also

the

third-most

visited city in the UK by tourists, following London and Edinburgh. Manchester University is a public research university located in Manchester. It was formed in October 2004 by the merger of the Victoria University of Manchester and the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology. It excels in engineering and management as Konstantin Novoselov, who got the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2010, is a professor. While I stayed in Manchester for 4 weeks, I was happy to feel British culture in the UK. I could talk with British people, enjoy their food, and visit famous places like Old Trafford which is the stadium of Manchester United, London Bridge, Big Ben. With the London Olympics ahead, the UK was crowded with tourists. Manchester was also busy preparing for the Olympic Games. As the University of Manchester which I stayed is near city center, I could go there whenever I wanted. There is a big TV screen to relay the broadcasting and pubs were filled with people. It’s good enough to buy souvenirs for family and friends because a lot of brand shops and a huge department store are located in the city center. British people enjoyed sunbath and street performing dance in Piccadilly Square.

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Old

Trafford

where

the

semifinal

match

between Korea and Brazil was held is one of the most famous places for Korean. It takes about 20 minutes from University by bus 250. When I visited it, it was on construction for the Olympics. Paying 14 pound with student Old Trafford

ID card, I could get the guided tour for

museum and stadium. By taking bus 250 again, I was able to reach a shopping center which is the biggest shopping center in Manchester. As three big department stores are gathered together, various European brand shops are located. Furthermore, itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s sale period of the UK in July. I could do the shopping without paying great a lot. Manchester which is 257km northwest of London is a large city in the UK and situated in the south-central part of North West England. The city is notable for its culture, scientific and engineering output and sporting connections. There are two Premier League foot ball teams which are Manchester City and Manchester United that are well known. Manchester is also the third-most visited city in the UK by foreigners, following London and Edinburgh. Manchester University is a public research university located in Manchester. It was formed in October 2004 by the merger of the Victoria University of Manchester and the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology. It excels in engineering and management as Konstantin Novoselov, who got the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2010, is a professor. While I stayed in Manchester for 4 weeks, I was happy to feel British culture in the UK. I could talk with British people, enjoy their food, and visit famous places like Old Trafford which is the stadium of Manchester United, London Bridge, Big Ben. With the London Olympics ahead, the UK was crowded with tourists. Manchester was also busy to be prepared for the Olympic Games. As the University of Manchester which I stayed is near city center, I could go there whenever I wanted to do. There is a big TV screen to relay the broadcasting and pubs were filled with people. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s good enough to buy souvenirs for family and friends because a lot of brand shops and a huge department store are located in city center. British people enjoyed sunbath and

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street performing dance in Piccadilly Square. Old Trafford where the semifinal match between Korea and Brazil was held is one of the most famous places for Korean. It takes about 20 minutes from University by bus 250. When I visited it, it was on construction for the Olympics. Paying 14 pound with student ID card, I could get the guide tour for museum and stadium. By taking bus 250 again, it’s able to reach a shopping center which is the biggest shopping center in Manchester. As three big department stores are gathered together, various European brand shops are located. Furthermore, it’s sale period of the UK in July. I could do the shopping without paying great expense. Classes in the University of Manchester were great. After taking a placement test, students were divided into suitable levels of classes. Advanced classes were usually composed of Japanese students taking course more than 6 months and most of students from our university entered intermediate classes. The main teacher was in charge of Morning classes on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday while the second teacher was in charge of those on Tuesday and Thursda. Including IELTS preparing, British culture, Business English class, afternoon classes were chosen by students with their favor on second week. I determined to take British culture class. In the class, I learned British food, family type, and geography of the UK. Actually, the course is not good for Korean students who are strong at grammar and reading but poor at speaking. While we liked to learn more speaking skills, the class was focused on grammar and reading. Therefore, it was hard to increase English skills well. There is ‘NING’ which is a group of social organizers for students taking English courses. They organized welcome party and weekend trip. Welcome party was held in pub nearby campus. I could meet Mexican, Chinese, and Turkish students in the party. On Saturday, trip to near city like Liverpool, Birmingham and Stratford was organized. It’s better to find places ahead. Liverpool is also a large city and a major port. Liverpool is also the home of two Premier League football teams which are Liverpool F.C. and Everton F.C.. Several areas of the city were granted World Heritage Site status by UNESCO and referred to as the Liverpool Maritime Mercantile City, the siteis comprised ofsix separate locations including Pier Head, Albert Dock and William

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Brown Street. As Liverpool is known as the city of the Beatles, there are Beatles exhibition and souvenir shops. It’s also known that the Titanic departed from Liverpool. Birmingham is second city of the UK, following London and the second most populous urban area in the UK. The Beatles exhibition in Liverpool

It's

center

a and

major an

international

important

commercial

transport

retail,

events and conference hub. There is a big shopping center and I enjoyed jazz performances in some places because it was during a jazz festival when I visited. Manchester experiences a temperate maritime climate with warm summers and cold winters. The average annual rainfall is about 800 millimeters and its mean rain days are 140 per annum. It means that it rains almost once every three days. For meal, it’s better to make food by yourself. The price to pay in restaurant is so expensive, whereas the price of groceries including bread, milk, or instant noodle is cheap. I could buy Korean food in shops within Chinese town or another Chinese shop near the campus. Furthermore, with student ID card, it’s possible to get one free cheese burger in McDonald located near the campus, when other burger set is ordered. Big Mac meal is about 4 pound in McDonald. I visited London in last week. As it took about 5hours by coach, I went at 4~5’o clock. The fare for coach is about 10 pounds and I issued one day rider in London to take subway all day. I visited Buckingham Palace, Big Ben, London bridge, Tower bridge, and watched a musical which was Wicked. With international student card, the ticket price was the Changing of the Guards

discounted as I just paid 25 pound to watch

it at first row. It’s possible to get an international student card at the Korea Exchange Bank and with it I could make prices for the musical, as well as other things. Moreover, because the Changing of the Guards in Buckingham Palace is scheduled,

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itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s better to find it out beforehand. I stayed in hostel for about 18 pound. I could meet nice teachers and friends who I keep in touch with, and also feel the British culture although I couldnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t learn English as much as I expected. However, if someone wants to feel the UK and travel to European countries, I absolutely recommend going to Manchester University. Class in the University of Manchester

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□ Name: Han, Boram (boram@unist.ac.kr) □ Host Institute: University of Manchester □ Participating Program: Culture Exchange Program □ Study Period: June 25 ~ July 20, 2012

Manchester Manchester is the second biggest city in the UK. Most Koreans might hear about this city at least once because of Ji-sung Park, a famous Korean soccer player, was a member of team named Manchester United. The first industrial revolution started in the city. Also, itgave birth to lot of great bands such as Oasis, Stone roses, Take That etc. Some important history can be found in Wiki easily, so I am going to give just basic concept of the city. Before I begin this report, I want to let you know that the purpose of this paper is giving you some tips. But one thing I had never known and interesting was this → Canal Street; it is famous for “Gay Village”. “Queer as Folk” is a well-known TV show for queer, we call them gay, and it is shot here. If you can see it in color, you might be able to see rainbow flags are held in outside of each building. 1. University of Manchester (UoM) University of Manchester is union of UMIST, University of Manchester Institue of Science and Technology, and Victoria University of Manchester in 2004. It is one of the biggest universities in the UK. Manchester Business School, MBS is first Business school in the UK andevery year they are proud of their graduated students because

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most of them become a leading group. For, Finances they are on top. In 2010, they won a Nobel Prize for Physics. Student welfare is well prepared. If your resident is Grosvenor’s hall, then basically you can go to most of important place on foot. However, you might need to ride a bus. Bus 147 which goes to Piccadilly Garden is free if you show your student ID of UofM. But remember that if you go further then you need to pay for it. Usually it is 1.3~2 pounds. A Day rider, 1-day pass, is 3.7 pounds and you can use for Magic bus and Stagecoach. Mcdonald’s where is friendly to us has benefit, too. When you order Big Mac for meal, meal meas set, you can get cheese burger for free. Top shop which is shopping place has special discount for students(10%). On the Oxford Street, you will find Student Union where they sell Special Price soccer ticket for students which will be played at Old Tradford stadium. 2. Class a. Class; Morning and afternoon class The class I took is a gateway course. This course is for students who came from all over the world and who are not a student of UofM. Usually for the people who want to enter the university or people who want to learn English just during a vacation program like us. I heard they get almost 150 students every week. The University takes students every week and lets them take a placement test and send them into a proper level. I was in Upper Intermediate. And then we choose afternoon classes such as British English and Culture, IELTS test, Business English, and etc. The afternoon class is also divided based on the morning class level, so that still you can be with similar level students. In the morning class were me, another Korean Yeh-chul, and a Chinese Wang. Yeh-chul and I went there for Summer Program from UNIST, and wang went there because he wanted to study for a masters’ degree next year. Fortunately, for few weeks there were only 3 students, so it was an incredible chance for me to practice

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speaking English. Morning class is for “studying” to learn grammars, writing, speaking, listening using a book published by the UofM For the afternoon class, I choose British English and Culture. This class teaches Reading, Writing, Speaking, and Listening. It is what they said and actually what I learned was just British culture. For example, reading William Shakespeare’s book, watching British TV show and discuss what is so funny, listening to local dialect of English from each part of the UK, having discussion about form of houses in the UK and so on. But it was still attractive because I could understand the basement of British people. Their cynical, metaphor and for the last, sarcastic attitude of their jokes.

b. The Teachers There were 2 teachers in each class, so I had 4 teachers in total. Monday, Wednesday, and Friday

would

the

main

teacher

and

Tuesday and Thursday would be the sub teacher. Morning teacher Zia Khan

honest,

preferred

sub

teachers. I think it is because they didn’t have

pressure to finish our book. Both of them asked us at first class, “What do you want to learn from this class? I can adjust this class to what you want.” So we sent an email to the teacher Bruce, the afternoon class. That’s why we had learned British TV show. Zia, who was the morning class teacher, brought us to city center and showed us some good places to eat, to visit, to go shopping and others. He also plays music as a DJ in a club so we wanted to listen to his music but unfortunately I had only 4 weeks so I missed the chance. 3. Life Style a. Clothes I was in Manchester in July, but it was quite cold around 17 degrees Celsius and the

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weather is all about rain. So you may need to bring some warm clothes and good shoes. Or you can get cheap clothes at a market called “Primark”. This is kind of “H&Ms” but much cheaper. It is at City Center, near Coach Station and Piccadilly Garden. It will take about 20 minutes on foot. Here, you can get a hood shirt for 10 pounds, which is about 18000 Korean Won. I got good pants for 9 pounds. Or cute flat shoes for 8 pounds. However don’t forget that it is cheap, so don’t hope that it is super good. you go to Manchester in summer, you are able to expect huge sale weeks. They begin in the middle of June and end in July. So it fits the period, and it is REALLY cheap for brands such as Burberry, Channel, Mulberry, Cath Kidson, and so on. Someone who needs some good clothes at reasonable price, then it will be the chance for the one. However if you are the one who need “cheap” clothes not “luxury” then it is not that big deal for them. Because the Primark is cheap for whenever!

b. Food The most famous food in the UK is “Fish and Chips”. It is a fried fish with potato chips-they call French fries as Chips- and quite oily. You may hear of it that “English is not good at cook”. Unfortunately, it is true. Here is a good story. Some girls might know Jamie Oliver, who is a cook and have a TV show that is also showed in Korea. He is English and he was first one who is GOOD at cooking, so the Queen gave him a medal-Hun Jang. Have

you

ever

heard

someone

ever

got

medal

because of being a good cook? The UK is that country. “Chipotle”is an international Mexican grill restaurant, and I loved it when I was in the State. But in the UK, NEVER try that one. But don’t worry. ‘Fish and chips’ is good enough to try and some restaurants arereally delicious. English breakfast is also good to try. Sausages, Egg, a sliceof

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bread, red beans and orange juice can be a good meal for your morning. Most of pubs have it and usually they are not that expensive so I do recommend it. People who never been to the UK might think that everything in the UK is too expensive. That’s only for the people who have never been there. There are good markets, which means, they sell food at a cheap prices. For me, at that time, the cheapest was “LIDL”. It is sort of “E-mart” and exists almost every country of Europe. “Spar”is also popular one but much more expensive. Some promotion makes them look cheaper but only for few things. Otherwise, never go the there. If you are brilliant enough and able to cook something, then I recommend to you to cook. →English Breakfast You can get it at any pub, British people usually eat at pubs, and it’s 3.5 pounds. Sunday morning is also available to get it so try it! c. Residence Since UofM is one of the largest universities in England, there are many residents. Grosvenor Place was where I stayed and it is the best place. It is close to every campus building- you can walk to there in 10minutes on foot- and it’s at a reasonable price with good facilities. Unfortunately, you cannot choose where you are going to stay, but I think the university usually gives these rooms to short term residents. The room is only for one student. Inside the room, there is a desk, a chair, and an armchair, bed including linen, a wardrobe, and sink. First time when I walked into the room, the sink seemed out of place but later it was really comfortable to have a sink inside the room. And at the window, there is a little place to put things or to sit, and it was my favorite place during I spend time in Manchester. I could see skies, trees and people and it gave me happiness and peace. http://cafe.naver.com/miraeassethope/2277

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4. After Class a. NING In UoM, there are social organizers. They have a unique site, named Ning. If you enter the site, you can find a lot of information what they are going to do, and what have done. They have plans, pictures and etc. b. Week day They have various and special week day program. One or two programs are ready for every week as long as there are enough people who want to join. In the first week, they offer a Welcome Party. They reserved a bar named Krobar, and prepared some games and quizzes to break the ice. It is free to join the party but you need to buy your beer or something to drink by yourself-nothing is free in the UK, they said. Sadly, in my case, there were only Koreans but it was definitely fun to be with them. From that day, they offered to play Rounders, which is kind of traditional British game. Photo trail was a kind of game to take a picture of the school with one`s group they divided us. I was in group with a lot of Chinese and now they become my close friends. I want to say that it can be a chance to meet new friends. Usually Chinese are friendly and they want to take you out for dinner. On club night, they reserve a club and dance all night long, and etc. Anyways it will be a good chance to find new, non Korean, friends. c. Weekend They have a plan to visit each city every weekend. You can check it at NING. Through this program, I could go to Liverpool-the city of the Beatles, Birmingham-the city has world`s 10th biggest planetarium, Stratford- the city of Shakespeare. It was all free to get the bus and you can stay there for a night if you want- of course you need to get your own bus ticket to come back. But still it is a really good chance to visit those cities for free. They leave UofM at 9 in the morning and come back at 6 in the evening. Which means if you go to Liverpool, which is a close city, and take 1 and a half hour to drive, you have all day long but if you go to Stratford which is a

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far away city and takes almost 3 hours to get to, then you have only 5 hours to look around. However Stratford is small enough to look around in 5 hours, so it was not a bad deal.

5. Others- London a. Bicycle London has quite a

good system for bicycle. A pound

is enough to borrow a bicycle for 24hours. But it is a little bit complex to borrow it, so please read it carefully. There are few ideas that you MUST know. First, it is true that 1 pound for 24 hours. But it doesn’t mean that you can use the bike all day long. You need to park it in 30 minutes. And then you can use it again. 24 hours means ‘your account is available for 24 hours’. So don’t use it full of the day and pay 38 pounds. Second, if you go to a crowded place, the parking lot will be crowded, too. Please don’t waste your 30mins to make a line at there. There are bunch of parking lots very closeto each other, so if you fail to get a place for your bike, then look for other parking lots close to you. Remember you can use the bike for only 30mins at a time. There is a map marked parking lot so you can check it. But each parking lot has a map that shows you few nearest parking lots. And also you can check how many bicycles are in each lot so you don’t need to go here and there to find a space. This is a column stand at the parking lot. On the column, there is little map that shows the directions to the next parking lot. You can see little white spots and each one is a lot. You will see at least 5 lots near the place.

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The system is like this, you put your credit card into the column what is stand at the parking lot. If you follow what it says, then you get an account for a day. By that, you will get a paper with 5 digits number. It is your password for the bike. Now you go to and pick a bicycle. If the light is red, it means it is broken. Near the forward wheel, on the left side, there is number pad of 1, 2, and 3. This pad is for the password. Insert your password and pull the bike out. You can adjust the height of the seat and off you go! Isn’t it simple? From Hyde Park to National gallery, it took about 30 minutes for me, so you don’t need to stop at every parking lot. Anyways now enjoy it!

b. Park In London, there are a few huge parks for people. I visited the Regent Park at the northside and Hyde Park at the west side. Hyde Park is really huge and has a lot of place to look around so it is a perfect place to ride a bicycle. It is easy to ride it and an The Regent Park

absolutely fabulous place. The Regent Park,

however, is not quite a perfect place for riders because the bicycle is not allowed to come in to the Park. A few roads are available but I was lost there, so I don’t recommend it. I’m not saying that the Regent Park is not a good place. Since there is no bike or any type of rider, it is definitely a peaceful place! I loved to take a nap at there in spite of I was getting sun burned. Bringing a book or journal and spending time there will be an unforgettable memory for you.

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□ Name: Yoo, Yeongcheol (yyc3855@naver.com) □ Host Institute: University of Manchester □ Participating Program: Culture Exchange Program □ Study Period: June 25 ~ July 20, 2012

Before journey I chose the culture exchange program composed of taking English course for four weeks at Manchester University. Thanks to the quarter based semester we had a relatively long summer vacation. So I could travel Europe in addition to taking English courses. The problem was the date of my planned Europe travels. If I wanted to travel Europe after finishing the culture exchange program I could enjoy the 2012 London Olympic which started after my English course finished. But the second quarter would start as I was coming back to Korea. Therefore I chose 15 days of Europe travel before I took the culture exchange program. Preparation for the culture exchange program is somewhat more simple than other international programs. The thing we have to do is just take English courses at Manchester University so we just prepare our passport. Also we can choose dormitory of Manchester University or home stay at Manchester. But there are no available home stay houses during this semester so we have to use dormitory. Due to simple preparation for the culture exchange program I focused on preparation for 15 days of traveling around Europe. There were a lot of things to prepare for traveling such as air plane tickets, accommodation, transportation, and so on. I traveled with two more friends but all of us hadn’t been to Europe before. So there were a lot of troubles for preparation. First thing we did was purchasing air plane tickets. Tip for ticketing is purchasing tickets in advance. The faster you purchase the less the price of ticket will be.

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According to direct flight and via several countries or airline the price of ticket would change. Next thing was to decide which countries we would travel to. At first we chose four countries for 15 days by internet searching. But we werenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t sure whether 15 days for traveling through Europe would be long enough. After choosing the countries we had to decide which cities we would visit and what we would do in those cities. And then we searched transport. I think transport is one of most important things during travel. Although Europe is not a large area we are not familiar with Europe and the transport occupies most parts of traveling time. So we should prepare transport very carefully. In case of ours we purchased U-rail passes and used them when we transfered from city to city. And in the city we used public transportation such as bus and subway. Next we searched the detail of city through the internet. But I think content from internet is not good, because every traveler uses that information there are a lot of travelers but actually there are nothing to see as reported on the internet. Only we can see is traveler. So I recommend when we search the city using foreign web site and trust not contents targeting to traveler but contents purposed to introduce that city. Also information from people met in actually travel location is reliable. After choosing above things we should choose the accommodation close to station and place that we would travel to. Accommodation is also as important as transport. Normally we can choose two options for accommodation, Korean tourist home or a hostel. There are distinct pros and cons for these accommodations. In case of Korean tourist home there are only Koreans at home. So we can get a lot of information from them. Many of them arrive at that city earlier than our arrival. We can ask them which areas are good. And foods, these are also very important factor. During travel, travelers would miss their own countryâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s food. In Korean tourist home they serve Korean food and that food is very delicious. But why on earth would you want to eat Korean food in a foreign country? Wouldnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t you want to eat other types of food

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to experience the culture? You get enough Korean food in Korea. Bad thing is also clear. We expect to meet various foreign friends during oversea travel. But we cannot do this in Korean tourist home. Might as well not travel and stay in Korea. In case of a hostel, the price is lower than Korean tourist home. Also we can meet and communicate with a lot of tourists but the served foods are not enough for traveler, so you might have to prepare to spend more on getting your own food. When we prepared the travel, three of us divided the tasks. Each of three took one country and searched only that country. So we could reduce the time for searching. But each person could not know well about country that they didn’t search. During travel we realized that we can see as we know. Although we visit famous museum and gallery we wouldn’t be impressed and become tired if we don’t know knowledge about that. So before travel preparation a lot and search background knowledge are most important things. Through above preparation we decided to visit three countries Italy, Switzerland and France in 15 days Journey At the day of departure we arrived at the airport early in the morning and went through the departure procedure, then took an air plane. Our final destination was Rome. But we arrived in Rome via Beijing and Copenhagen. Beijing is so close to Korea but waiting time in Beijing was 5 hours. It was so boring. Before purchasing air plane tickets we should consider the waiting time. Waiting time is relatively harder than we expect. We had to stay in the airport. In case of our flight our waiting time at Copenhagen was 13 hours. Our original plan was to wait 13 hours at the airport. According to airport there are no waiting place and some airports don’t open the airport during 24 hours. So we had to find accommodation at Copenhagen to stay one night. But we didn’t prepare about this situation. So we were very tired and through night although we found a small hostel.

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Next day we came back to the airport and took the airplane for Rome. After safely arriving in Rome we went to a Korean tourist house. Because our travel is relatively long we had a lot of load in our carrier. So we laid down our load at the Korean tourist house and changed our clothes into casual clothes tucking our suites neatly into our pink suitcases. Then we started our travel in Rome. We traveled with people that we met at Korean tourist house. So we could get a lot of information and our travel became more enjoyable One more tip for traveling is to take a guided tour for famous museums and galleries. In Europe there are various museums and galleries but as I mentioned above if we visit these places alone we won’t be impressed and will feel the entrance fee is somewhat expensive. There are various guide tour companies that explain museums and galleries with guide and they get certain guide fee. Some people prefer to visit these museums alone. But we took a tour guide for almost all museums and galleries that we visited Vatican museum at Rome, Uffizi gallery at Firenze, Louvre museum, Orsay museum at Paris, British museum and National gallery at London. We had visited Rome, Firenze and Venezia in Italy and Luzern and Interlaken in Switzerland and Paris in France. When we transferred between nations we had to go through simple immigration process. So don’t be embarrassed and just follow the directions. In Switzerland our travel focus was on the natural landscape. So we climbed Rigi Mountain at Luzern and Jungfrau at Interlaken. Other Europe’s weather at summer was hot and dry but mountain area of Switzerland was somewhat cold. So we had tot ake outdoor clothes. In Paris we took the subway a lot, so when we purchased tickets for the subway we had to choose proper tickets according to location of our accommodations and our schedule. After 15 days of traveling around Europe, we finally we departure from Paris to Manchester via London.

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English course The advice that I want to tell to the student who will come to Manchester to take the culture exchange course is that the weather in the UK is really dynamic. First itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s very cold and always rain. Especially the location of Manchester is somewhat upper parts so the weather of Manchester is colder than London. Also we arrived at Manchester late at night, we felt very cold weather. The distance between station and the dormitory of Manchester University is relatively far, so students should consider the arrival time at Manchester. When we arrived at dormitory we could receive room key, bed sheets and documents about caution. That was the first night in Manchester. The class would start from Monday so we could go around Manchester on Sunday. Also we met the other UNIST students. Dormitory gave students the room with same floor for same University. So UNIST students can get along with each other. Also Dormitory divided eastern culture and western culture. So at our dormitory building there are a lot of Asian students such as Chinese and Japanese students. Anyway we became familiar with location of Manchester. On document received, when we enter dormitory, important store is marked, so we could purchase necessaries and foods. At dormitory there are some entertainments table tennis, billiard, TV room and PC room. Just at that moment we were in Europe Euro 2012 was going on. So when England team

studentâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s

nation

have

game

everyone gathered at TV room and cheered their nation. On Monday the English class started. We gathered at Samuel Alexander building where

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our classroom was located. In the large hall, all students took a placement test. There are a lot of students coming from various countries. So we expected our class to be great. The placement test is composed of written test and interview with our teachers for few minutes. After placement test they introduced the program we would take. We st

took 5 days class for 1 week from Monday to Friday. 1 nd

and we had 30 minute breaks then 2

Class started at9:30 – 11:00

class started. From 1:00 we had one our

lunch time. After lunch we had 3rd class, the target module class. Every Friday didn’t have a target module class. Then a social organized program was introduced. In addition to class Manchester University gives students a social program. Every Saturday University lent the coach like bus and students can ride the bus for free. The coach goes to suburbs of Manchester such as Liverpool, Birmingham, Stratford, and so on. This is called a weekly field trip. Also every weekday there are a lot of social programs such as a welcome party, club night, and so on. They manage a social program web site called Ning and there are four teachers called social organizers. We can get a lot of information about this program. And next day we gathered at the hall of Samuel

Alexander

building

and

were

assigned to class and met two teachers and one more teacher for the target module. Then we went around Manchester University with the teachers and class mates. Teachers introduced us where the library is and where the cafeteria is and overall University information. Also we made a student card and received a class textbook. Until second day we didn’t do actual English classes. The next day, Wednesday actually English class started. First few days there are only Korean students and UNIST students. So we could not feel that we were in UK. But

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after few days students from other countries came. The class followed the textbook. But the textbooks focus on reading and writing. So our teachers lead discussion time in order to practice listening and speaking. According to nation some students are good at reading and writing but some students are good at listening and speaking. In the case of Korean students they are good at reading and writing but in case of Arab students they are good at listening and speaking. This kind of problem can be solved by continuous communication with teachers. Also there is face to face time with teacher every two weeks. Through this time we can discuss the satisfaction point about class and also about bad point. Although class is based on textbook discussion time make students speak more and make classmates closer with each other. Also every week new students came to class so we could meet various friends. At lunch times there wasnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t enough time to go to dormitory. So we should bring lunch to class room or have lunch at around cafeteria. I went to business school cafeteria or Macdonald or Subway. If we have Manchester University student card we can ride certain bus for free and get another benefit from Macdonald. rd

We can choose 3

class, target module. There are classes to focus on speaking or

writing, and there are classes to focus on entrance examsfor Manchester University. I chose class about UK culture. In target module class there were new teachers and new students. Also

the

teacher

gave

students

some

writing

assignments

and

corrected

our

assignments After finishing class we went to dormitory and started culture exchange During the first week our first difficulty was to make dinner. We could eat out but we couldnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t do every day. So our UNIST students gathered in the kitchen and made food. Later we

invited

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other

country

friends

and

exchanged food and talked a lot. I think this is the real culture exchange. Social program of first week was a welcome party. So we could meet a lot of friends coming from other countries. To enroll in social programs we should go St Peterâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s chaplaincy and an important thing in here is British people stress on queue. So we should keep the line well. Also we should bring our student card. Destination of field trip of first week was Liverpool. The coach departs early in the morning and comes back at night. Liver is a seaport. So there isa museum related to ships. Also we visited the soccer stadium. UK where soccer originated, so there are a lot of soccer fans at the stadiums. It is so sad that we could not watch soccer games because it was not premier league period. One thing that made us annoyed was rain. It was raining when the weather was good. One tip for culture exchange is to bring a laptop. There are a lot of surplus times than we expected at the dormitory. We can prepare the field trip and we can communicate with foreign friends by internet messenger. During the second week we enjoyed shopping and went to restaurants a lot. Because we were familiar with Manchester locations we could go around to farther areas. Also in class we could communicate with new friends more fluently. There are not interesting social program

during

second

week.

UNIST

friends got along with each other. We went to various buffets to eat dinner and Trafford Center that is the largest shopping center in Manchester. The destination of field trip is Birmingham. Birmingham is good for shopping. There are a lot of museums. Also that day we visited Birmingham was a music festival day, so we could enjoy various music performances.

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Also every night we enjoyed table tennis. We played with other non Korean friends. Through sports we could know each other well and know their culture. Especially we played with students from France and China. In the third week many Korean students were coming to our class. We taught them a lot of information about Manchester. We felt that we had lived in here for two weeks after giving information to new students. Social program of third week was club night. University lent the whole club. But we could not enjoy the program due to a lot of Chinese people in the club. Also we skipped the field trip for Stratford. Instead we visited the Manchester gallery and various pubs. We visited pub that is the oldest in the Europe and the pub that is smallest in Europe. During the last week we took a guided tour to the old Trafford stadium, famous for Jisung Park. It was good to see the real ground. But it was sad that there is no Jisung parkâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s locker at locker room because he went to another club. Also we went to London trip for two days. Distance between Manchester and London is somewhat far. It took 5 hours to get to London We took a guided tour of the British museum and National gallery and visited London Bridge and Tower Bridge. At night we sawBig Ben. Next day we watched the Musical Wicked. Because we had only two days for the London trip we could not see many things in London. We came back to Manchester feeling bad about we had to come back. At last week our class mates left Manchester every day. So every day we had to say good bye and took picture with them. At the day of our last class we also had a goodbye party and took picture with friends and teachers. After finishing class we went to Odd Fellows hall to receive a certification. At night we

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talked a lot and recalled the past 4 weeks before leaving Manchester. Last field trip was to York but we went to the airport to come back to Korea via Copenhagen and Beijing. At first we thought 4 weeks would be long but we feel that 4 weeks are short after finishing the course. So I recommend a longer course for students who want to take culture exchange course. 4 weeks were also so short for the improvement of English. But in the view point of culture experience it was very meaningful. Through class and various culture programs we can communicate with a lot of people from various countries. Also we can control the content of class by discussion with teachers and class mates. One thing that I recommend to the international center is that the center makes students going to same university, gather before departure, although students can do these themselves. The culture exchange program is as we can expect to meet various friends from various countries, and experience various cultures from them and make them experience our culture.

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□ Name: Hwang, Seoyoon (exloveli@naver.com) □ Host Institute: University of Manchester □ Participating Program: Culture Exchange Program □ Study Period: June 25 ~ July 20, 2012

I went University of Manchester for 4weeks. It was the first time I went aboard, so I was really excited about the life in Manchester. I stayed at the Grosvener hall which is a dormitory for students. Dormitory didn't provide us food like UNIST, so we had to make our food in the kitchen (There was a kitchen at each floor). At first it was little bit shocking but it was good. Making food together was fun. Also, fruits are less expensive than in Korea. For example, kiwi is 1 pound for 6. I could see raspberry, blueberry, lime, and cherry all of them ishard to see in Korea. Not only fruits but also vegetable and meat is less expensive than Korea. So it is more cheaper when making food in dormitory. And there are many supermarkets near Manchester University like TESCO, Saintsbery, ALDI etc. I also eat traditional british breakfast. It contains egg, sausages, bacon, peas, and etc. It was not so expensive and delicious. We could get this at most restaurants. I can get lunch at school cafeteria. I usually get food at the Student Union. The Student Union is near the Samuel Alexsander building where I had classes. There is a corner caffee near movie-theater serving delicious cheese cake. It was the best cheese cake I have ever eaten! It's little bit expensive but it is worth of it.

1. corner cafe's cheese cake

2. Food at Student Union

3. Traditional English Breakfast.

There were various events in Great Britain and Manchester. EURO 2012 was held from June to July. I could feel people's love for football at that time. Most pubs showed

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the game. I watched the final game at a pub near the university. The final game is not for England but many people come to the pub to watch the game. At the pub, I could see many people from Spain. It was a good chance to feel the European passion for football. Wimbledon is held in July. I was a little bit curious to see that English people watch Wimbledon. At the pubs, there wasnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t any signs for watching Wimbledon. Instead of the pub, I could know British people watch Wimbledon was at the street near city center. I could see the finals at the street because electronic display is installed at city center behind the mall. The electronic display is installed for the coming Olympics. Various people gathered near the screen to watch Wimbledon. At the final, the game was for Murray and Federer. Murray is British so most people supported him. The interesting thing was the man who was next to me was Federer's fan. So he kept support for Federer quietly. It was quite funny. I like the spirit don't hide what I am like. The Olympics were held in the July after I left but I could feel the excitement about the Olympics. At the Manchester, there is the display at the street, and at the pub there is written at the pub you can see the Olympic games. In London, it's like a festival all over the place. Everything is about the olympics.

1.electronic display at city center

2.3. manchester jazz festival.

Manchester Jazz festival is held in the middle of July. Jazz concerts are held in Manchester for about 10 days. I could see good jazz concerts for free. There is also a concert that I have to pay for the performance. The interesting thing about the festival was that I could listen to the jazz music while drinking beer, which you may think is not unusual, but it is, because you cannot drink beer in Korea while listening

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to music. Most of the free performance is held behind the Manchester city hall. There is the stage for playing and the stores that sell beer, hamburger, chips, and tea. I couldn't see this in Korea. It was little bit shocking at first. Manchester jazz festival was the good chance to listen the music for free. (for listen to music there is the music hall at the manchester university for the music collage. Many concerts are hold there.) The weather in Manchester was really cold. I was just thinking that weather is hot like summer in Korea. But weather in Manchester was like fall of Korea. British people wore boots, coats, and padding when I was in Manchester. Weather was chilly in normal days but the weather gets colder after raining. I think that it is important totake care of the weather of GB before departing Korea. It was a real shame that I didn't check the weather. So I didn't bring appropriate clothes. There is raining so much and cloudy at Manchester. I didn't see sunny weather so much. If it is sunny in the morning, it soon starts to rain in the afternoon. The weather was changing so easily. Bringing an umbrella is really important!! But it is not bad to just walk around in the rain. Many British people just walk without umbrella in the rain. Our class's schedule was 9:30 to 3:30, Monday to Thursday, and 9:30 to 1:00 on Friday. Before taking the class, we took the test. We were divided according to the test results. At first week, we just took normal class at morning at afternoon with teachers. From the second week, we did target module at afternoon class. I took academic courses. At morning class, the class was based on the book and we talked a lot during the class. It was really fun thing to talking with the teacher and other students. I really like the teacher! The whole class, not only for Korean students from UNIST, but also there was Arabic, and Korean students who come from other universities. By talking in English each other, we shared each country's cultures. I could learn about the cultural difference between countries. It was really interesting. Between Arabic and Korean cultures have a lot of cultural differences. Before, I didn't

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know well about the Arabic culture, and had stereotype that Arabic cultrue is dangerous. By meeting them, I really changed about the thinking for Arabic culture and people. I have improved in talking in English and writing in English. I was talking in English in classes. At the end of the class, teacher corrected our speaking mistakes we have made in the class. So, time went by I could have confidence about speaking in English and feel about the development about speaking in English. Although I write homework in English at UNIST. I didn't have a chance to correct the writing in English. At class, I could get the correct to my writing. By it, I could know about my usual mistakes in writing. I think it was a really good chance to improve my writing skills. At afternoon class, our class was based on academic English. So, we did about the reading the facts, skimming the contents, and speaking and writing my thoughts about the subject. It was a good skill for the talking English test and studying my major in UNIST. I think I have developed a lot in my English skills after taking the whole classes in Manchester University. The class of Manchester University really helped me to improve in English. It was a good chance to know about my weak points in English and get the confidence in English. At the Manchester University, there is a social organizer for the international students. They make special events and trip. From Monday to Friday, there was special events like welcome party, going to watch swimming game, playing traditional English ball game, photo trail and going to the Manchester United's stadium. It allowedus to meet another international students in Manchester University and feel the British culture. First event was the welcome party at the pub. We played games with Mexican students. First game was find the person who is fitted with the question. The first 6 person who matched the whole question in the paper (each person gave the paper

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with different 6 questions) got the prize. Next, we divided people into three groups to play game. First group is to play a card game. Second group is playing Jengga. Third group was doing something but I don't know it exactly. Playing games was really fun!! The first trip social organizer provided us was a trip to Liverpool. Liverpool is not only famous for football team but also for beatles and culture. I first went to Albert dock. In Albert dock, there are ships, and various museums and gallaries. There is a Beatles museum, Tate Liverpool, and international slavery museum. I went to the Tate Liverpool, international slavery museum, and Merseyside Maritime Museum. In Tate Liverpool, I could see modern arts and sculpture. It was really interesting, but hard to understand what artist want to express by his work. There was Andy Warhol's work. International slavery museum and Merseyside Maritime Museum are in the same building. I went to the Merseyside Maritime Museum first. The Merseyside Maritime Museum has a special exhibit about the Titanic and other ships sunk at the sea. It was sad about the story of the people who died by the event. The Merseyside Maritime Museum had an exhibition about the second world war fighting at the sea. I could see the poster and military. There was an exhibition about the gay life in the ship. Although I couldn't see exhibition in detail, but it was really shocking .International slavery museum is about the past's slavery selling in Europe and America. International slavery museum made me really sad. It reminds me about the past of Korea. After watch the museum, I went seaside and watched the sea. I just walked the road and saw people and buildings. I went to the Cathedral Church of Christ in Liverpool. This church was really big!! Cathedral Church of Christ in Liverpool is the biggest church in England. There was exhibition about the amature's picture. Next, I wanted to see the Cavern club that Beatles played at. I didn't go in the right direction so I couldn't go..

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Photo trail was the second event held by social organizers. We made teams of four people by random. My team members were all Chinese expect me. So it was alittle bit strange at first. Photo trail is the event that had taking picture of places listed by social organizers. All places were near Manchester University. We took picture all of them. We could get prizes. At the beginning, our team was little bit laterthan other teams. At the end we get the first prize. By walking all over places of Manchester University, I could know interesting places at the university. And it was really fun!! not because I won the game. It was a great opportunity making international friends and speaking English. The first prize was the cup and chocolate!! Chocolate was really delicious. It was a good chance to meet Chinese people, make friends, and talked to each other. I think this program was helpful for me to think about to take the undergraduate courses at the foreign University because all of the Chinese students were

come to Manchester to

take undergraduate

courses at the Manchester

University. Second week's weekend we went Birmingham. We went to see the canal at first. Like Manchester there is a canal at Birmingham. It was really interesting that I didn't seen canals before. The park was nurtured next to the canal. It was good for walk along the canal. I could see structure for water flowing, duck swimming in the water, and other sights. After walk along the canal, we went to the Bulling shopping center. The Bulling shopping center is a landmark of GB such as London Eye and Big Ben. The shopping center is really big, and has very unique appearance. Passage connecting parking place and shopping center is a good place to watch the shopping center and Birmingham. Inside of the shopping center there a variety of brands and department stores. It was little bit shocking that department store is in the shopping center. At shopping center there are various peoples because it was sale season in GB. Near the bulling shopping center, there is a traditional market and China town. I didn't watch them so much, but it was good for buying fruits and other things at cheap prices. At time we went Birmingham, Birmingham jazz festival was held. There were various performances held all over Birmingham. I have seen comedy and playing jazz songs.

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Comedy was funny but it is hard to catch a laugh. Gag code was different between Korea and British. Play was little bit cruel... Jazz performance was good! It was sad that we didn't see longer because of the bus schedule. There are various places to go at Birmingham. I think traveling at Birmingham is good during studying at Manchester.

1. canal at Birmingham

2. BullRing shopping centre 3. Performance of Birmingham jazz festial

There are other events provided by social organizers. By joining their program, I could meet various people from different countries and get to know about each other. It was exciting about the meeting new people and talking. It was free for buses to go other places. So, I could go to the other places for free. There are various places to go in Manchester. There is Manchester museum at the Manchester University. At Piccadilly, there are many shops. Primark is at the Piccadilly. At there, you can buy clothes for cheap price. Also, there is Arndale shopping center. There is various brands in it like top shop, zara, new look, superdry, hollister and etc. At the Northern Quater, there were many vintage shops. It is near Piccadilly. I like this place because there were beautiful clothes at the Afflecks Palace. Also, there were many cute tea houses. There is a store 'lomography' that sells lomo camera. At every Saturday, they are doing event that using lomo camera for promotion. We have to pay for doing it. I think it is a good chance to use lomo camera. At the Oldham Street, there is a record shop called Piccadilly records. I could see many LPs at Piccadilly records. I haven't seen so many LPs before in Korea. So there was very unique for me. What I was surprised about was there is recent release record like Adele. And many people came to there watshing the LPs. The music played at the store was good! For me, it felt like I went to 1970s. At Art Gallery and Manchester

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City Council, you can watch art pieces. Manchester of Science and Industry(MOSI) is the museum about the science at technology. As engineer I like this place. There exhibit about engineering computer, biology, and plane, how to make clothes at Industrial revolution, various engines, trains, and cars. It was really interesting because Manchester is the city of starting Industrial Revolution and watching what I have read in the text book. Displaying the exhibition was also good! Museum's design was good for people focused on the exhibition. Maybe the best part was that the museum was free, most of GB's museum are free to go in. Near MOSI, there is a castle field. There is the trace of the castle so it is name castlefield. At castle field, it is quite beautiful. There is a park where is the trace of castle in it.

1. perveril of the peak

2. Manchester cathedral

3. canal

Canals are also really beautiful. There's many restaurants near it, many ships at the canals, many ducks in the canals. It was funny that the duck didn't run away when people approached. Also, there is white bridge called bridgewater. At bridge water canal's water is gathering at there. Near the University, there is gay village. Canal of gay village is beautiful too! There is old trafford where is the Manchester United's stadium. Soccer museum is opened in July in Manchester. There is the world's smallest pub and the pub called 'peveril of the peak' which was made 130 years ago. There was also the Manchester cathedral. It is near the city center. Near Manchester cathedral, there is Manchester eye and buildings that look really old.

I could get a lot of things after going to the Manchester University. First, I could meet good seniors and juniors. I think this is the best thing in Manchester. I was really happy to stay in Manchester with them. Second, I could meet people who have different cultural background. I could broaden my sights, learn a lot of things, and

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understanding cultural differences after talking with them. I feel world is really big and a lot of various people is living on the earth. It reminds me that the professor talking about the empathy is important in the Design thinking class. Third, I could get confidence, and skills in English. Next, I could broaden my mind. In Korea, I just see the small campus and stick to my everyday life. In Manchester, I could feel different life, and feel different University. I think this is hard to do in Korea. The good part is a big campus... and meeting people who have different majors. I want to study more not only about the subjects I study at the University but also the many things like history, English, and art. After studying hard at my major and English at the UNIST, I want to go to undergraduate school abroad like GB and USA. So, I will study English to take TOEFL or other exams. To take the exams, I have to study more grammar what is my weakest point. I want to know about other countries cultural differences and history because knowing other countries history and culture is important to understand other countries people and I have interested about the other countries culture and history by this event. I will read books about Europe and middle east. I will try hard to get the chance like this summer. I want to make chance to meet other people with other backgrounds. I hope going to volunteer in other countries also in Korea. I really thank UNIST to get a chance studying in other countries. It made me change a lot.

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□ Name: Oh, Kwanghoo (exloveli@naver.com) □ Host Institute: University of Manchester □ Participating Program: Culture Exchange Program □ Study Period: June 25 ~ July 20, 2012

Before leaving Korea When I went back to the UNIST after finishing my military service, I needed motivation to raise me up. At that time, I learned about a cultural exploring program. It was very suitable to me as an opportunity, so I decided to apply for it. The preparation process was relatively complex. I had to pay tuition fee and airplane tickets from my own money, and then UNIST give me a scholarship. I did not know this fact, so I wanted you to know it. I contacted friends to travel in other nations, because opportunities in a foreign country are quite rare. I wanted to experience as much as possible. During last term, I could not consider the cultural exploring program because I was busy until a few days ago from the departure. We had prepared a variety of materials, for example dormitories, train tickets, information of tours, etc. I recommend that you do that in advance. Anyway, finally we got on the airplane. During the travel Our first destination was Rome in Italy, but my flight time was 33 hours. I stayed a day in Denmark. The next day I could arrive Rome (when booking your flight, please check the boarding time and price rationally). In Rome, I realized “Wow, Here is really a foreign country!”I was shocked and excited. It One day in Denmark

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was really different from Korea. Antique buildings, a variety of races and languages. It was fun. Rome is very solemn and antique. I visited the Colosseum, the Forum Romanum, Vatican City, several cathedrals, the Piazza di Spagna, etc. The second stop was Florence. Florence is much smaller than Rome, but has fantastic night sights. Expecially, I was moved by the Piazzale Michelangelo. The mood there was so calm and peaceful. A man played the guitar and a singer sang a song to the music. It was wonderful. Then we went to Venezia, Luzern, Interaken for climbing Alps, Paris for appreciating masterpieces of artists, and London. The

most

important

thing

traveling

expansion of my view and sharing cultural differences. If I did not see this scenery and feel the emotions, I would never know it and keep my vague fear about foreign culture, like a

babe

the

woods.

would

only

understand “Ah~~ there are another places Scenery of Forum Romanum

which I can’t image”though I do little about

it. I realize why my acquaintances recommend travelling. If you have a plan to explore cultures, you also make a travel plan before or after exploring. Its opportunity is valuable and nobody can promise this opportunity. Cultural Exploring in University of Manchester After finishing my travels, I finally arrived at the University of Manchester. It was very hard to find my hall of residence. It was night, and the weather was terrible. I could barely make it. I fell asleep as soon as I finished unpacking. On the following day, I looked around the University of Manchester with my friends. The buildings and roads are all named differently. I did not know how I could stay there. I had anxiety.

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First is the food problem. There were cooking facilities, but not enough ingredients. This problem was soon solved. Europe is more expensive than Korea, but there were some SSM. For example, Sainsbury's, Tesco and other big markets. These stores are very cheap so I visited and bought something periodically. There were also Chinese markets

which

sell

the

Korean

food

(for

example,

Korean

noodles,

rice

and

condiments). Second is the lesson problem. I had a concern about the English lessons. If the level was so high, I could not follow it. If the level was so low, I would be lost. However, on the first day, the language school give me a placement test which determined my English level. That afternoon they give me a suitable class. Of course, if I was not satisfied, I could request to change my class. Third is the approaching problem. How I can approach other people? Donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t worry about it. There were some events to give me an opportunity to make friends. For example I enjoyed the party cottoning up foreign classmates in the pub. I drank some beer and played with them. It was really fun. Although there were some problems, you can adapt sufficiently over time. Forth is the traveling problem. I wanted to travel to other cities beyond Manchester, but I didnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t know traveling information. The language school gave me information of sites near the city and they even supplied a vehicle! In class, I studied English grammar, pronunciation, listening and writing. I estimated the total level of the class was not high. In fact, donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t anticipate a

high

improvement of your English skills. The education is very similar to Korea. The better point than Korea is that I can practice and use English more, during the lecture, break time and living. I used English only. It was very good to eliminate my phobia of English. I played table tennis with my friends and foreign acquaintances. 4 weeks were not very long, so I could not enjoy too many things. If I had free time, I usually went

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shopping or walked around. Every weekend I was in Manchester, I thought, "When I can go back to my hometown?" Time is like an arrow. I made a lot of friends, Mexican, Arabic, Japanese, Italian, and French. On the last day, my teacher, Sahar, called us and said In museum with my teacher, Sahar

â&#x20AC;&#x153;Today is an out-class day, so we will go to

see a museumâ&#x20AC;?. After seeing it. I did not know my feeling. How can I say it - I was so sad that I was not able to see them again. Through this Cultural Exploring, I broaden my eyes and made good memories. If you are hesitating to apply to it, it will make you happy! Never worry about it.

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□ Name: Shin, Yae Chul (cr2726@naver.com) □ Host Institute: University of Manchester □ Participating Program: Culture Exchange Program □ Study Period: June 25 ~ July 27, 2012

Hi. I am a student who joined the 2012 Culture Exchange Program in Manchester, a gateway program. It was a good time for me. I think my experience might be a nonusual case, because I was only 18 years old when I departed from Korea. Frankly, this vacation was very hard for me. So many times, I wanted to give up, which might be better. But now I really learned a lot and those memories are so precious to me. I want to tell about it, and about the points which can make it a better experience, and what I saw and learned. Where we went, Manchester, people called it “Great Manchester”. It is a city which is located in the middle of the United Kingdom. Especially during the industrial revolution, Manchester was one of the most important cities in the world, as the center of the textile and fabric industry. Park Ji Sung and Manchester United are also the reason that we know Manchester. People, including myself, think of Manchester as a city of industry and soccer before they go. One is right and another is wrong. When I lived in Manchester, I never saw an industrial view or felt an industrial atmosphere at all. There are lots of trees and parks, not much modern but fun. And the color of Manchester is red. Around the city there are all red bricks. The Gateway program is a language course for foreign students, which is organized and managed by Manchester University Language Center. One of the merits of the

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Gateway program is a flexible duration. You can choose the amount of time which you want to study, from 4 weeks to 10 weeks. You can adjust the program to your whole plan of your summer holiday. As you know, the cost to take an airplane is expensive, so I suggest that when you go to Manchester, adjust your schedule and take a trip all around Europe alone. Before I went to Manchester, my best score that I got by TEPS is just 510. It is not a high score. But

Manchester,

joined

one

the

highest classes among people who came from Korea. I think during the trip, I should listen to what they said, what they want to talk about, so I really concentrated when I talked with foreign people. In Manchester, there are lots of Asian people, so you don’t have enough time that uses only English. But during a trip, if you travel alone, you always speak and listen to English and I was really amazed by its effect. However when you arrived at Manchester, you have a test for placement. The test included grammar, writing, and an interview. Both sections are important, but I think the interview and writing are more important than grammar. I got half the score in grammar but I joined a quite high level. I think it is important to enter a high rank because it gives you more chance to talk with other people. What I saw is even if they aren’t good at grammar, they are really good at English. So if you enter high rank course, you have more chance to talk, I think. A class which is based on the placement test is 9:30 to 13:00 and then student have another class which is called ‘Target module’. This class has a special aim, for example, an academic purpose or British culture, or IELTS. The target module is a class for students who have the same purpose. I choose EAP (English for Academic Purpose). EAP is focused on presentations, reading skills, and note taking, which are necessities to study in university. I’ll study by English so it’s good for me. Participants in the Gateway program mostly came from Asia and the Middle East. Especially, there are a lot of Chinese people. If you imagine that you will have many British friends,

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you should make a hard effort. In my case, my friends came from Thailand, China, Japan, and Turkey. After the target module, after 15:30, we were free, so we went to the supermarket, a pub or a famous spot. In the UK, most museums and art galleries are free and very good. And if you like football, you would be interested in Manchester United and Manchester City. Also, a free season ticket is quite cheap. We lived in a dormitory. I lived in ‘Grosvenor Place’, which is the oldest dormitory in the University of Manchester, but it’s not bad because we had single rooms. In the dormitory, we could make meals ourselves in the kitchen. It wasn’t easy, but I think it will also be a memory. For example, the groceries for making pasta is quite cheep in the UK. If you are really weak in cooking or too tired to cook, you can eat like this. Milk, apples, apple & raspberry juice, scotch eggs, different kinds of jam, toast, and pepperoni. In Manchester, we have lots of free time and for that, the school prepared some kinds of activities. For example, there are trips planned for every Saturday. We can go to Birmingham or York, both are near Manchester and beautiful places. I suggest that you walk around as much as you can when you take a Saturday trip. For me, York was the best place. I like to go to cities that have their own color and atmosphere, and I think York is like that. I guess that the destinations of the Saturday trips are similar each year. Liverpool, Birmingham, or Strafford, where Shakespeare was born. So Liverpool is famous for football clubs, not only Liverpool FC but also Everton. And Liverpool is the city that started the great band, The Beatles. One thing that I wondered about is that Liverpool was one of the most important cities when ships were the most important transportation between continents. For example, maybe you don’t know, but the Titanic departed from Liverpool! There are two nice galleries,

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which are the Tate and the Walker. And what I most like is we can feel the ‘Sea’ in Liverpool. Birmingham is also famous for Aston Villa football club in the England Premier League. Like Busan, Birmingham is the second biggest city in the United Kingdom. This city is famous for its canals and jazz. Also, there are lots of museums about art, jazz,

and

things

that.

There

the

IKON

gallery,

which

famous

for

Contemporary modern art. Especially in summer, they held a Jazz festival and you can feel gloom like a heavy cloud and a feeling like love, anywhere and anytime. Everywhere you go there is music. In terms of tours, Birmingham isn’t very interesting, but when Birmingham Jazz Festival is held, the city is charged full of love. York feels “warm”. I feel the atmosphere and people have warm hearts. York is really a touristy city. Shamble, and Clifford’s Tower, which are English heritage are in York. I suggest when you travel to York, of course, you should take a walk. Take a walk around, through the wall, through the ways which are like cracks or caves, and see what people do, like people taking a rest on the grass. For me, York is full of peace. In England, including Manchester, summer is full of festivals. Jazz, South African art, and something like that, there are so many things to watch. Even weekdays, there are many plans like a dancing party, game night, or photo trip. ‘Social Organizers’ prepared those activities and do things with us. It’s hardt o join every activity, but it is a very good way to meet foreign people and to be friends. I’m sure if you always talk with your Korean friends, and play with Korean friends, it will waste your time. It is not a common situation that you can meet foreign people so easily. I think you should use this opportunity well. But I also believe that Koreans

- 316 -

who meet abroad can be good friends, even if you meet for a very short time. As you know, Confucius said “過猶不及”, you should control yourself. Maybe you already heard about the weather in the UK. I’m sure that whatever you imagine, you will experience above what you imagine. Everyday there is rain. But it isn’t continuous. Rain and sunny, rain and cloudy, rain and windy even in 30 minutes! Anytime when you go outside, you should prepare an umbrella or just get rained on. There are no safety from the rain.

Last, I really want to talk about "challenge". I know, I am person who is conservative, afraid of change. I like stable things and stable situations, but my first trip is full of unstable things and change, including the time that I lived in Manchester. Frankly, being just an 18-year-old boy, I had quite a tough time. If I was a better English speaker, it would be easier, but I am poor at English. But now, I am making a plan to go to Africa or Latin America. A boy who was timid became one who is brave. Not only did I learn English, I learned culture, I learned about humans, and I learned this world is still kind, not evil. The reason I know this is because of the “challenge”. So to the person who reads this article, I suggest, how about you go to a town that isn’t located on a map.

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Lab Tour

- 319 -

□ Team: EnBio □ Members: Shin, Kyeong-Jin; Lee, Hyo-Jeong; Go, Hye-Jeong □ Country: Hong Kong, Germany, Netherlands, UK □ Dates: May 25 ~ June 7, 2012 (14 days) During this summer semester, we got a great opportunity to look around other laboratories in Europe. 5 laboratories were selected from a lot of great ones –2 biology labs, 1 research centre, and 1 environmental lab, we also took part in a campus tour. We visited HKUST (the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology), the University of Heidelberg, TU Delft (Delft University of Technology), the University of Oxford, and LRI (London Research Institute) in that order. 1.

HKUST (Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)

The first stop on our lab tour was HKUST. HKUST is one of the universities outside of Korea that we really wanted to come and visit, because this university has become the benchmark for UNIST. HKUST, located in Hong Kong, was established in October 1991 for research in science and technology. Although there are nine universities in Hong Kong, HKUST is the only science and technology research university. It is composed of various departments

both

for

undergraduate

and

graduate

students

such

Science,

Engineering, Business, Humanities and Social Science. The university has about 6,170 undergraduate students and 3700 graduate students. It was ranked as the No.1 University in Asia according to QS (Quacquarelli Symonds) Asian University Rankings department (2011). In addition HKUST Business School’s MBA program is ranked 10th worldwide and the best in Asia by the Financial Times.

- 321 -

There are many things in common between HKUST and UNIST. First, both schools are running research in Science and Technology. Second, the ratio of liberal arts and ethical education to the whole curriculum (AHS, in the case of UNIST) is up to 25%. Third, both use a bilingual system in Chinese (Korean, in the case of UNIST) and in English. Due to these similarities, we think that UNIST can become one of the world’s best universities in the near future. Prof. Yung Hou WONG, chair professor in the division of Life Science, allowed us to take a look his lab. Prof. Wong’s interests are focused on the delineation of the mechanisms of cell signalling, particularly those involving the G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Before he started to explain about his research field, he wanted to know how much we are interested in his field. Although we couldn’t speak in English well, we tried to answer

exactly

his

questions

accurately,

and

then

prof.

Wong

gave

clear

explanation. It is widely known that αα-subunit and ββ, γγ-subunit (G-protein) can be separated when a biological signal is received. However, his founding is the cell signalling

without

the

separation

the

two

pieces.

test

his

hypothesis

(Hypothesis: without separation of subunits, cell signals can be delivered.), he had invented totally new form of protein to prevent dividing subunits. Even though we guessed the method of his experiment before he gave the right answer to us, his solution was too brand new to guess correctly. That was the main point we got from this lab tour. For three years in UNIST, we were busy learning more and more information and knowledge, but in the real research field, it is required to prepare not only knowledge but also the ability to apply your knowledge to a practical situation. After the short discussion about his research field in his office, we moved to the laboratory and met many faculty members. There was no big difference between the facilities of our

- 322 -

university and that of HKUST, but we made sure that the facilities of UNIST were better than those of most other universities. It made us realise how thankful we are for good research conditions in UNIST. Since we visited at noon, prof. Wong treated us

lunch

Dim-sum,

which

the is

cafeteria a

kind

of of

HKUST. Chinese

dumplings, was the main menu that day. While having lunch with the professor, we tried to make conversation about our two universities â&#x20AC;&#x201C;UNIST and HKUST. After lunch he introduced us to the campus of HKUST. The most impressive thing was the great scenery. Because the school is located on Clear water bay, the students can see the beautiful sea from inside their campus. As we are staying in UNIST which is surrounded by mountain, this was unusual for us. Whenever students are tired from studying, they can take a rest by the Pacific. For this reason, we envy the students of HKUST. The end of campus tour, marked the end of our lab tour at HKUST.

Freiburg & University of Heidelberg

When planning our tour, we had planned to visit the Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main. In the process of rescheduling, however, we unfortunately had to change our second stop. Instead of Goethe University, we visited Freiburg, an eco-city which is called the Environmental Capital of Germany, and we also took a field trip to the University of Heidelberg, the oldest university in Germany. As you know, many historical people like Goethe and Immanuel Kant studied at the University of Heidelberg. Freiburg is a city in Baden-WĂźrttemberg, Germany. This city has good weather so it is a famous tourist attraction. In Freiburg, there is a campground in which caravans are rented out to accommodate the tourists. We

- 323 -

stayed at this campground and this made us feel healthy as we could breathe fresh air. During out stay we noticed many families near our caravan. We recognized that most German love the environment and saving the earth. Freiburg is known as an "eco-city". In fact, the whole of Germany is interested in the protection of the environment. Freiburg especially, has many solar houses and buildings. According to meteorological statistics, the city is the sunniest and warmest in Germany and holds the German temperature record of 40.2 °C. It is for these reasons that in recent years it has attracted the Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, solar industries and research. Furthermore, the parking fee for cars is 4 euros per 30 minutes inside the town and most validated parking lots are located outside the city. So many people are used to commuting by subway or bicycles. Therefore if you go to Freiburg, you will see more lots of bicycles in here than in other city. Most people hold the opinion that Germans are eco-friendly people, this is evident by the number of

trash cans set up around the city. Not only trash cans but recycling cans are set

up too. The city has an unusual system of gutters, called Bächle, that run throughout its centre. Once these Bächle were used to provide water to fight fires and feed livestock. Now, they are constantly flowing with water diverted from the Dreisam. They were never used for sewage, and such use could lead to harsh penalties, even in the Middle Ages. During the summer, the running water provides a natural cooling of the air, and offers a pleasant gurgling sound. It is said that if you fall or step accidentally into a Bächle, you will marry a Freiburger. We felt that the citizens of Freiburg love their city and environment. After we finished our tour of Freiburg, we moved to Heidelberg. Heidelberg University is the oldest university in Germany (founded in 1386) and was the third university established in the Holy Roman Empire. In 2011, U.S. News / QS World University Rankings ranked Heidelberg 1st in Germany and 14th in Europe. This university is famous for Natural Science, Art & Humanities, Life Science, and Social Science research. The university has an emphasis on research and has been associated

- 324 -

with 55 Nobel Prize laureates including Carl Spitteler (1919, literature) Severo Ochoa (1937, Physiology

and

medicine),

Karl

Waldemar

Ziegler (1963, chemistry). The whole city is considered as the campus of University of Heidelberg. We focused our visit in the oldest street in the city in which the colleges and labs of Humanities and Social Science are located. Old university buildings are used as the university museum to show the history of the university. The Studentenkarzer (Prison for students) and the Great Hall are both located on the old street. StudentenKarzerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s main claim to fame is the graffiti on the walls of the prison. There are many pictures painted with great skill. If we knew something about the German language, this graffiti would have been much more interesting to us. The University of Heidelberg preserves the past and lives in today at the same time. 3.

TU Delft(Delft University of Technology)

The third university which we visited was the Delft University of Technology in Delft, Netherland. Here we took part in our second lab tour. TU Delft is a famous research-oriented university similar to UNIST. TU Delft is the biggest and oldest public university of technology in the Netherlands. It opened as royal academy in 1842 and passed as an Institute of Technology in 1905 and became the Delft university of Technology. It has 14 schools including Aerospace Engineering, Practical Physics, Practical Earth Science, Architecture, Civil Engineering, Molecular Engineering, and Biotechnology. The most famous school is the School of Architecture. The most world-renowned Dutch architects are from TU Delft. 2011 QS rankings of universities of technology.

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TU Delft was ranked 18th in the

We noticed that TU Delft is like a village. TU Delft is big and it has various buildings. So, we had to ask several times to find the office. We visited Jules B. Van Lier at the Department of Water Management, Civil Engineering and Geosciences, TU Delft. Prof. Changsu

lee

who

taught

Wastewater

Engineering

last

semester

recommended

professor. Jules Van Lier. He said prof. Jules has the great authority in the water treatment field. So, we decided to go to prof. Julesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; lab. Before touring the lab, we talked to the professor and his Ph.D student, Guido. We introduced UNIST and talked about our lab tour program. They talked us about the introduction of TU Delft and the lab itself. He researches various fields including wastewater treatment using microorganism, increasing methane energy efficiency from wastewater and water management. On that day, master course students from an Indonesia University also visited this lab. So, we toured the lab together. Ph.D Guido guided us. The lab is a huge three-storey building. There was a lot of big machinery and many tools. A surprising fact is that undergraduate students also can use the huge experimental equipment. Guido said that undergraduate students design the experiments and do themselves in their experiment class. We went on to the laboratory of anaerobic wastewater treatment. They experimented with a number of ways to increase the energy efficiency using various anaerobic waste waters. We could see how knowledge learned in class is applied in real-world. Guido who guided us is studing to develop a method to treat pharmaceuticals in a wastewater treatment plant using the primary clarifier and the anaerobic digester. Environment is an applied science, hence, there is no choice but to fuse it with other fields like biology, physics, chemistry, management, etc. We recognized that by touring this WATER Lab in TU Delft. After visiting lab, we ate lunch at the university

- 326 -

cafeteria with the Indonesia students. By talking to them, we had a chance to understand other countries culture, and it was opportunity to think about our future again. After lunch, we went to the central library in TU Delft. It is one of the most popular library building

the

world.

This

building

was

designed and built by architecture students from TU Delft. It looks like a hill. It also has an

unusual

internal

structure.

has

soundproofing meeting rooms, study rooms, cafĂŠs and massagers. Architects and the school considered not only the design but also the welfare of students. We hope UNIST library will apply these things. By touring the campus, we ended second lab tour. 4.

University of Oxford

It was a rainy day when we visited Oxford. As we made an appointment for 9 A.M., we departed from London early in the morning. We are certain you know that the University of Oxford is one of the most prestigious universities in the world. It is the second-oldest surviving university in the world and the oldest in the English-speaking world. University of Oxford is composed of 38 colleges; these are distributed over the town of Oxford. Thus, it is no exaggeration to say that the town is the university. Besides the colleges, there are affiliated agencies, the Bodleian Library (1602) that has every book ever published in the UK, the Radcliffe Camera, Ashmolean museum (1683) which is the oldest museum in the UK, botanical gardens, and much more. Having such a long history, the University of Oxford has turned out a lot of amazing people. There are many Nobel Prize winners including Aung San Suu Kyi who was awarded a Nobel Prize for peace, many British Prime Ministers, such as Edward Heath,

- 327 -

Anthony Charles Lynton Blair, Margaret Thatcher, David Cameron, and the former US president, Bill Clinton. The laboratory which we visited is Dr. Andre Furger’s lab, who is affiliated with Department of biochemistry. Dr. Andre Furger studies about the control of gene expression in eukaryotes. He explained his lab briefly, and showed us around his lab. Unfortunately we couldn’t take photographs in the lab. The laboratory of department of biochemistry has walls made of glass, so they can see each other. We think that the researcher can feel they are working together. You may think that the buildings in Oxford are old because of their history, but it isn’t true. The buildings for the departments of science are almost new, and Dr. Andre said that the freshman take foundation courses or the orientation in old buildings (colleges) The fact that great lectures are still given in very old buildings was unbelievable. It was impressive that Oxford is moving forward as well as keeping tradition. Throughout the lab tour of the University of Oxford, we thought about what the traditions of UNIST are, and how we must keep them. Because of his schedule, we listened to his explanations while moving to other buildings. He talked about the campus of Oxford. We appreciated that he took time out from his busy schedule, and we looked around the campus more detail. 5.

London Research Institute (LRI)

Lastly, we visited the London Research Institute (LRI). The Cancer Research UK London Research Institute (LRI) is a biological research facility whose aim is to conduct research into the basic biology of cancer. The LRI houses 46 research groups based at two locations: Lincoln's Inn Fields (LIF) laboratories in central London, and Clare

- 328 -

Hall (CH) laboratories on London's outskirts at South Mimms, Hertfordshire. We visited the LIF laboratories. The LRI has an international reputation for cancer research. The themes of research are signal transduction (biology of tissues and organs, and molecular cell biology) and genome integrity (cell cycle and chromosomes and DNA repair).Eleven of the scientific staff are Fellows of the Royal Society and two have received knighthoods and two are Nobel Laureates. We contacted Dr Peter Parker, who studies about protein phosphorylation. He had visited UNIST in 2011. At that time, his presentation was really impressive. That made us want to visit LRI and meet Dr Peter Parker again. He greeted us pleasantly. He and his team are working to understand how particular members of this protein kinase family act to drive properties particular to cancer â&#x20AC;&#x201C; specifically: growth, survival, and

migration/invasion.

explained

that

molecular

insight

Peter

developing of

these

parker detailed

events

and

assessing how the normal, physiological requirements for these kinases compare to the abnormal pathological requirements provides evidence on the mechanisms and progression of the disease, biomarkers indicative of their action and insight into the potential value of intervention. After talking about his study, we looked around several labs. Many laboratories work together to overcome cancer. Although we could not see all labs in LRI because LRI is very big institute, we could see how many people make an effort. According to Dr Peter Parker, LRI will move to a new building. We think LRI will be able to grow as well as moving location. LRI was out last laboratory, and our lab tour came to an end. Due to this program, we could visit famous Universities and Institutes. We must give thanks to all those involved for giving us this opportunity. We strongly recommend that other students

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apply for the program and get the opportunity to learn many things which we cannot learn at school.

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□ Team: 황금기 (Golden Era) □ Members: Choi, Ah-Young; Kang, Na-Ri; Woo, O-Bae; Jung, Sung-Chul; Jeong, Gwann-Yun □ Country: USA □ Dates: May 30 ~ June 13, 2012 (15 days) Activity Schedule Tour Field

Mechanical Advanced Material Engineering & Nuclear Energy Engineering

Theme

Tour in famous LAb

Goal

Decide on the course before going graduated school

DATE

DESTINATION

ACTIVITY

5/30

New York

ARRIVE

5/31

Maryland

NY->Maryland transport(New York->Baltimore airport) -Christopher Monroe professor lap visit -Trapped ion

6/1

Maryland Univ.

quantum information -Voltimore->Wasingtone DC (megabus)

6/2 6/3 6/4

6/5

6/7

6/11~12

6/13

Washington DC

Free tour

Rutgers Univ.

-M. Chhowalla professor’s lap visit –

(New jersy)

Graphene, Carbon nanotube

New Jersy

Break

PPPL (Princeton Univ)

RPI

Gatech (Georgia)

뉴욕

-NJ->Prinston -Princeton Plasma Physics Lab, experimental area tour, National Spherical Torus Experiment(NSTX) Device -Micheal Z. Podowski Professor Gen-4 reactor lap tour,Nuclear Safety Engineering -K. Kalaitzidou professor lab-Nano composite material -JS.

Colton

professor’s

lab

Manufacturing -Atlanta->New York airport -Lab tour end

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tour-Composite

material,

Each Team Memberâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s impressions

Jung Sung-Churl This lab tour was the first time I went abroad. So I was more excited than any other members of our team. However, the first day our flight was delayed in Detroit airport. So we had a terrible time in there. We arrived at the hostel in Manhattan very late. Then we could take a rest. The next day, we went to Washington to go to Maryland University. We went to the Natural history museum and the United States Capitol. Especially the Natural history museum was a very fantastic place. It was very big and we could see many things in there. The second day in Washington, we went to Maryland University. Dr .Choi gave us a very helpful and kind explanation about their laboratory and experiments. And he shows other laboratories in there and we got the word about each laboratory through many researchers. After the lab tour we had lunch together and had many talks with them. They told us about studying abroad. It was very helpful because I plan to study abroad as a post doc. After finishing the Washington schedule we went to New Brunswick in New Jersey. I t was rainy and we were wet. The weather in the U.S.A was very terrible because it was fickle weather. We couldnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t predict the weather even one hour later. The next day, we went to Rutgers University. We met Prof. Manish Chhowalla. He showed us his laboratory and explained his experiments even though he was very busy. So we made a dinner appointment with him. After he finished his work we went to restaurant and had a talk. He explained the culture of the U.S.A, how he became a professor, and his research. His talk was so interesting that we focused on his talk.

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Then we had a trip to Manhattan for a few days. We saw the musicals ‘The Lion King’and ‘The Phantom of the Opera’. They were very impressive. The tour in New York was interesting. After a few days, we went to PPPL (Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory). This laboratory was related to nuclear energy. They showed us the video about the system and

history

PPPL.

And

they

showed

usaround

the

laboratory

and

gave

explanations. I didn’t know well about the nuclear energy but I got some knowledge about that. We planned to go Georgia Tech but the cost of airplane tickets soared so we couldn’t go there. So we changed our plan and planned to go Havard University and MIT. Boston was a very peaceful place. We went to Quincy Market near the hostel. We ate very delicious meals there. They sell various foods, drinks, cookies and ice cream. We were very happy to look around and taste it. The next day, we went to Havard University first. The campus was so big and didn’t come in sight. The campus is like a big town, not just for University. There are many shops and restaurants. And the most beautiful things on campus were trees and gardens. There are many trees and gardens between buildings so they mix together well. We took a bus to go to MIT. A few minutes later we reached the MIT entrance. MIT looked like a temple. I was very excited as one of the engineering students. We looked around the campus and we could find very strange shapes of buildings and architecture. Just like Havard University there were very big gardens between buildings. So we took a rest there and took pictures with the MIT buildings. The lab tour in U.S.A was very helpful and interesting. I thought the lab tour would be boring but I could get many things through the people we met on the lab tour. Their advice and stories will be helpful while I study and research. We had a hard time planning all schedules and making appointments but it was meaningful because

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I think we got more precious things than our efforts.

Jeong Gwan-Yun It was so exciting for me to go to the U.S., because it was the first time to go there, and gave mea chance to encounter advanced laboratory facilities, meet scientists and engineers of not only my field, but also others, and be advised from them such as what attitudes we should have. Also, we could visit many historical places of the U.S. such as the U.S. capitol in Washington D.C., the Statue of the Liberty in NYC, and so on. Our tour was composed of going to D.C, New Brunswick, NYC, and Boston. We went to D.C., for visiting the University of Maryland. We could see many instruments for research about Quantum Mechanics, and how to operate them in principle. It was too complicated to understand all of them. However, it can contribute to information transfer in a very short time by electron pairing system, that means if one electron is set up to some position (e.g. up-spin, down-spin) intentionally, the other one’s is automatically determined. After seeing many famous sights in D.C., we moved out to New Brunswick, where the Rutgers University and Princeton Plasma Physics Lab (PPPL) were located. We could meet a professor of the Rutgers and hear his advice about life, and his lab. He has been researching Carbon Materials, especially graphene, which is very actively investigated. He said “it will take a long timeto commercialize graphene.” And, we went the PPPL to which I contacted. It is one of the oldest national laboratories in the U.S. I contacted it because my friends and Iwere interested in fusion energy. PPPL is the U.S. DOE (Department of Energy) Laboratory and developing fusion & plasma as an energy source and researching involved in the ITER project. NSTE, Lithium Tokamak Experiment are set up in PPPL. PPPL researches plasma physics to improve fusion technology experiments such as Tokamak, Magnetic

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Reconnection,

Beam

Dynamics

and

Nonneutral

Plasmas.

Last,

they

investigate

theoretical physics of materialâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s behaviors. So, I think that we can learn about the future of fusion energy, but also Plasma Physics, based on Fundamentals of Material Science in practice. When we arrived there, the largest experimental device called NSTE (National Spherical Torus Experiment) had stopped operating. A guide said they had no choice but to stop it because of a shortage in budget. Actually, the trend of fusion research has been on the wane in U.S., so the budget assigned to fusion research is going to be cut continuously. However, the guide told us that in developing countries such as China, India, also Korea, and so forth, the fusion research is more active rather than in the U.S. and Europe.

And we could see manufacturing facilities for fusion materials and structures. However, most of them are stopped like NSTE. It was really a good chance to know how the trend of fusion in the U.S. is going. After that, we went to New York City and Boston. We visited many places such as museums, historical buildings and streets. All of them were very impressive to me. It makes me waken by letting me know how the world is wide. This tour must be a strong backbone and guide for my vision and what I want to do in the future.

Woo O-Bae It was a very interesting and helpful lab tour. First we went to Washington D.C. The image of the city was clean, square and bijou. Our first tourist attraction was the

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Capitol. It was very majestic and full of tourists. It was marvelous that the Capitol is the tourist spot. And then we went to various museums. There were many museums in Washington D.C. That city was like a big museum city and a big tourist attraction. The National Air and Space Museum was interesting. The best spot I think in Washington D.C was the museum of natural history. The museum was very big and majestic. Also I was very interested in animal figures. They looked alive and real. So I was curious if it was a real animal? There was the biggest diamond in the world. It was very fascinating, luxurious and elegant. All women who saw this diamond couldnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t take their eyes off. Washington D.C was very fantastic city. Next we went to the University of Maryland. It was a beautiful university. I thought that our school, UNIST is the most beautiful university but the University of Maryland was more beautiful than our school. We met two Korean Doctors in the University of Maryland. They were members of the laboratory of Prof. Christopher Monroe. His group research trapped ion quantum computing, quantum networks with atoms and photons, microfabricated atom trap structures, interactions between laser-cooled atoms and ions. That field is very interesting and wonderful. Also their explanation was easy and kindness. So I could have interest and understand that field. After explanation of laboratory we had lunch together. That time was really valuable for me. We heard many things from them about life in the USA and the life of a Ph.D.It would be helpful for me choosing my future life. Rutgers University was also a beautiful and very huge university. It had three campuses. We met Prof. Manish Chhowalla. He is interested in deposition of carbide and nitride thin films, opto-electronic properties of grapheme and carbon nanotubes. The

name

his group

is nano-materials and devices group. They research

grapheme-based thin film electronic devices, single walled carbon nanotubes-based thin film electronic devices, boron carbide nanowires, andsingle walled carbon nanotube scaffolds for bone cell growth. Prof. Manish Chhowalla was a very kind and

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competent person. We had dinner together. We talked about the laboratory and other many things. It was a really fun time. It was a pleasant conversation. PPPL is Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory. It was a national laboratory. So the project was big and the facilities were also big. It was not my major so it was a little difficult. But the project was interesting. They research plasma physics to improve fusion technology, experiments such as Tokamak, Magnetic Reconnection, Beam dynamics and Nonneutral plasmas, theoretical physics of material’s behaviors, the future of fusion energy, but also plasma physics, based on fundamentals of material science. We toured the PPPL. Its facilities were great. Finally we went to Boston. Boston was really homely, comfortable and leisurely. We went to Harvard University and MIT. Harvard University was not like a university. It was like a little town. Also many tourists were there. It was interesting that there were many Korean signs. We visited the engineering building of Harvard University. My heart was filled with pride at that time. MIT had funny buildings. They had strange shapes. As an engineering student, the experience of visiting MIT was really an overwhelming moment. Also I felt that I want to belong to this university. Therefore visiting MIT would be avery precious experience for my life.

Kang Na-Ri We got on a plane with the romance of travel. We took one week for the time difference. In the morning, we ate milk, cereal, eggs, and so on that we bought yesterday. We can save money for breakfast at the dormitory because the price is very expensive. The tipping system was unfamiliar to us, and we had to go through hardships. One day, we went to a Korean restaurant, we suffered embarrassment when the staff said “tip is so small so give me more tip”. After arriving at USA, the first place for lab tour was the University of Maryland, because this was the first lab tour so I was excited. A Korean doctor came out for us and introduced his laboratory. Before arriving the doctor, we arrived a little early. We

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were surprised at the large campus. We took a picture and had a good time in campus while waiting for the doctor. I thought why there should be a school bus to school. I envied students here secretly. After a while, the doctor came and guided us. This laboratory is laser related to quantum, this is not my major but it was very interesting. If I didn’t come here, I would never know about this field so it was very worthwhile. Although our majors are different but I think that it is helpful to each other. After finishing this lab, the doctor asked other labs and introduced them tous, so we toured a total of four laboratories. It was a very nice chance for us. We heard description and asked a question in English. At that moment, I was proud of students in UNIST. The doctor entertained us to lunch. The price of the school cafeteria was cheaper than external food, so we thought that we had to eat a meal in the cafeteria next lab tour. The second place for lab tour was Rutgers University. Here was also a large campus like one village. In here, we met professor Chhowalla who studies graphene. He researches with UNIST, so he visited our university three times. As well as a description of the laboratory, we could hear about school life and exchange students. He gave dinner to us, it was a very good time for me. We asked about the tipping system that was curious to us “how much is proper for a tip”. Then the professor said “In here, the tipping system is manners and duty unlike Korea if someone is serving for you, so it is recommended not optional. And it is proper 15%~20%”. He said that usually 18% will be proper. Since then, we tried to give more that 15% for tip. We went to Harvard University and M.I.T instead of Georgia Tech. These were also impressive to me. In particular, due to a goal of our school, over the M.I.T, MIT was really impressive from structure of building to relaxing people. I envied students here. Wherever, people were lying on the grass, people who tan, who read the book, who take a nap and so on. They looked so happy. So we also lied on the grass and took

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a nap. MIT was also large and wide. The most impressive place was the lawn. We also saw a squirrel on the grass In addition to the time for lab tour, we traveled the USA. The most impressive thing is the Lion King musical. We reserved the seats with reasonable price and nice seats. The stage was really fantastic. Everything was perfect from production to performance. I thought that here was the Broadway. And another impressive place was Woodbury Common Outlets. Outlets in Korea were different from those concepts. Gathered all the stores in one place were a large shopping mall. Also due to high discount rate, there were a lot of people all day long. We went shopping all day, as many as 11 hours. The outlet was too large, so we couldnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t look around in one day. So we had to choose the brand beforehand. My legs were so painful, but it was a happy day. During the remaining hours, we looked at night view in the Empire State Building, ate lobster, pizza, etc reported famous restaurant and went to a museum. Although it was a short 2 weeks but it was a long 2 weeks. As well as benefit lab tour, travel will remain good memories. Choi Ah-Young First of all, thanks to UNIST for giving this opportunity to go to the United States. If there were not this kind of scholarship, I could not try going abroad, especially to the United States. Frankly speaking, I have had no expectation for this lab tour before going. Because its characteristic has specific thing that is to go to several universities. I mean it is a good opportunity to see other famous universities but I though it looked only at the surface of things. Because I have had an internship in UNIST before the lab tour, I know there is a huge disparity between before and after doing something at a laboratory. But those thoughts are changed after seeing the first planed university which was Maryland University. A PhD. Choi introduced his life and studing himself and we talked a lot about â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;what

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is the meaning of being a scientistâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;. Actually I donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t want to try being an engineer with just not bed. So I had been concerned about going to graduate school. But after meeting and listening with PhD. Choi, another student in several universities, professors. I could decide my future with graduate school. I cannot explain the details but one thing for sure is that this program is pretty good to make some future plans.

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□ Team: 지구방위대 (Earth Cops) □ Members: Shin, Kyu-bo; An, Tae Hyun; Kim, Won-Bae □ Country: USA □ Dates: June 4 ~ June 18, 2012 (15 days)

1. Outline Our team visited many places in California for the lab tour program. Official visiting period was 15 days.(6.1~6.15) We went to New York City after the tour. Our first objective was visiting universities and companies concerned with ECE and NBC for enlarging our experience about major. The second was feeling different culture of USA compared to Korean culture.

2. Program 1) Universities/Laboratories/Companies ① UC Irvine / Beckman Institute (6.4) The University of California, Irvine is a public research university located in Irvine, California. One of the ten campuses of the University of California (UC) system, UCI is the fifth-largest UC campus, with nearly 28,000 students. UCI was one of three new UC campuses established in the 1960s to accommodate growing enrollments across the UC system. Computer science and Biology are their strengths. They administers the UC Irvine Medical Center, a large teaching hospital. The Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic (BLI) was established in 1982 by Drs. Arnold O. Beckman and Michael W. Berns as an interdisciplinary center for the development and

application

optical

technologies

Biology and Medicine. The BLI is one of five national Beckman Institutes supported by the

- 341 -

Arnold and Mabel Beckman Foundation and built on the campuses of Caltech, The University of Illinois (Urbana-Champaign), Stanford, The City of Hope, and UC Irvine. First, we visited the Beckman Laser Institute. They were researching ways of applying lasers in medical problem. The most impressive research was skin grafting without side effects. And then, we looked around the campus. It was shipshape and tidy. Dr. Yoo who had invited us told us some information of the university like its foundation story. â&#x2018;Ą Qualcomm (6.8) Qualcomm Incorporated is a mobile, computing and connectivity technologies company. Headquartered in San Diego, CA, USA, the company has 157 worldwide locations. We were invited by Dr. Lee who is a researcher working for Qualcomm, but it was not official. Hence, we couldn't see its working place or research facility. We just talked for an hour about technology, role, past & future of Qualcomm and career. â&#x2018;˘ Stanford University / SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (6.12) The university was established as a coeducational and nondenominational institution. Since 1952, more than 50 Stanford faculty, staff, and alumni have won the Nobel Prize, and Stanford has the largest number of Turing award winners for a single institution. Stanford faculty and alumni have founded many prominent companies including Google, Hewlett-Packard, Nike, Sun Microsystems, and Yahoo!. The university is organized

into

seven

schools,

including

academic schools of Humanities and Sciences and Earth Sciences as well as professional schools of Business, Education, Engineering, Law, and Medicine.

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The SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, originally named Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, is a United States Department of Energy National Laboratory operated by Stanford University under the programmatic direction of the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science. The SLAC research program centers on experimental and theoretical research in elementary particle physics using electron beams and a broad program of research in atomic and solid-state physics, chemistry, biology, and medicine using synchrotron radiation. Dr.

Cho

who

had

invited

was

postdoctoral researcher in Stanford University. First, we visited his laboratory. In the lab, they were

researching

ways

improving

semiconductor devices. And then, we looked around the university. There was a building with

engraved

letters

"WILLIAM

GATES

COMPUTER SCIENCE". Cho said that Bill Gates had given some money for making the building. We hoped that our university will have such buildings. Finally, we visited the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. We were surprised at a number of research results and they seemed to get more. Generally, we realized the hugeness of the USA in this day. â&#x2018;Ł UC Berkeley (6.14) Established in 1868, Berkeley is the oldest of the ten major campuses affiliated with the University of California (UC). Berkeley has been charged with providing both "classical" and "practical" education for the state's people and is generally considered to be the flagship institution in the University of California system. Berkeley co-manages three United States Department of Energy National Laboratories, including the Los Alamos National Laboratory, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory for the U.S. Department of Energy. Berkeley faculty, alumni, and researchers have won 70 Nobel Prizes, 9 Wolf Prizes, 7 Fields

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Medals, 15 Turing Awards, 45 MacArthur Fellowships, 20 Academy Awards, and 11 Pulitzer Prizes. Lee, who had invited us, was a student in a combined master's and doctorate course. He had some experience of guiding his university. He took us to important places in the university and he told us a lot of things about the university, like a special parking area for Nobel prize laureates and how to enter the university. Unlike UC Irvine and Stanford University, it was alittle dirty but had classical beauty.

â&#x2018;¤ LBNL (6.15) The Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory is a U.S. Department of Energy national laboratory conducting unclassified scientific research. It is located on the grounds of the University of California, Berkeley, in the Berkeley Hills above the central campus. It is managed and operated by the University of California for the DOE. It was the only place in this part where we didn't

receive

help

from

professors.

applied to join anopen lab tour online. We visited some research centers like beamlines, but we couldn't understand all of what the guide said. â&#x2018;Ľ JBEI (6.15) The Joint BioEnergy Institute is a research institute funded by the Department of Energy of the United States. It is led by the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and includes participation from the Sandia National Laboratory, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, as well as UC Berkeley, UC Davis and the Carnegie Institute. The goal of the Institute is to develop biofuels, bio-synthesized from cellulosic materials as an alternative to fossil fuels. We learned about why we need biofuels and how they are researched. Dr. Lee, who had invited us, showed many tools and materials for research with detailed

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explanations. They wanted to save all data in their computer server for convenience, so they were trying it in some ways. Most of all, what Dr. Lee advised us was very precious.

2) Tourist spots ① Grand Canyon (6.1) The Grand Canyon is a steep-sided canyon carved by the Colorado River in the United States in the state of Arizona. It is 446 km long, up to 29 km wide and attains a depth of over 1,800 meters. For thousands of years, the area has been continuously inhabited by Native Americans who built settlements within the canyon and its many caves. The first European known to have viewed the Grand Canyon was García López de Cárdenas from Spain, who arrived in 1540. On the way to the Grand Canyon, we got lost in mountains near the destination because of old roads in our navigation. We couldn't use our cell phone, and we couldn't find any people. When we saw wild animals running across us, we nearly died. So after driving for an hour, we arrived at the Grand Canyon. For 5 hours, we saw the sights and we could feel the marvels of nature. ② Las Vegas (6.2) Las Vegas is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Nevada. Las Vegas is an internationally renowned major resort city for gambling, shopping, and fine dining. The city bills itself as The Entertainment Capital of the World, and is famous for its consolidated casino–hotels and associated entertainment. The city's tolerance for various forms of adult entertainment earned it the title of Sin City, and this image has made Las Vegas a popular setting for films and television programs. There are

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numerous outdoor lighting displays on Fremont Street, as well as elsewhere in the city. We saw many premier hotels. They are much more beautiful at night. (Unfortunately, Shin had a cold caused by the desert climate, so he didn't see the night view.) Also, we gambled at casino in a hotel and it was an exciting experience, though all of us lost much money.

â&#x2018;˘ Universal Studios Hollywood (6.5) Universal Studios Hollywood is a movie studio and theme park in the unincorporated Universal City community of Los Angeles County, California, United States. It is one of the oldest and most famous Hollywood movie studios still in use. Its official marketing headline is "The Entertainment Capital of LA". It was initially created to offer tours of the real Universal Studios sound stages and sets. It is the first of many full-fledged

Universal

Studios

Theme

Parks

located across the world. This day was most funny. We rode all of the rides, and we saw all of the shows. It was very interesting and it let us understand why they can make awesome films. "Transformers: The

Ride-3D"

was

most

impressive

and

"Studio Tour" was most helpful.

â&#x2018;Ł Silicon Valley (6.11) Silicon Valley is the southern part of the San Francisco Bay Area in Northern California in the United States. The region is home to many of the world's largest technology corporations as well as thousands of small innovative startups. The term originally referred to the region's large number of silicon chip innovators and manufacturers, but eventually came to refer to all the high-tech businesses in the area. Despite the development of other high-tech economic centers throughout the

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United States and the world, Silicon Valley continues to be the leading hub for high-tech innovation and development, accounting for one-third (1/3) of all of the venture capital investment in the United States. Though we were not invited by any companies, we could feel a free and open atmosphere. We visited Yahoo, Microsoft, Google, Facebook, EA, Apple and Intel. In Google, there were many playgrounds, and maybe it can let employees enjoy various sports like soccer and tennis. In Apple, we could buy very special products that we can't buy elsewhere. In Intel, there was a small museum having history about Intel and semiconductors.

â&#x2018;¤ Computer History Museum (6.13) The Museum is dedicated to preserving and presenting the stories and artifacts of the information age, and exploring the computing revolution and its impact on our lives. The Computer History Museum claims to house the largest and most significant collection of computing artifacts in the world. The collection comprises nearly 90,000 objects, photographs and films, as well as 4,000 feet (1,200 m) of cataloged documentation and several hundred gigabytes of software. Like the introduction of the museum, there were so many relics about computers from the abacus to smart chips in running shoes. Unfortunately, we were poor at English, so we missed a lot of information. We thought people who are very good at English can get much knowledge in such an educational place.

â&#x2018;Ľ Golden Gate Bridge (6.13) The Golden Gate Bridge is a suspension bridge spanning the Golden Gate, the opening of the San Francisco Bay into the Pacific Ocean. It is one of the most internationally recognized symbols of San Francisco, California, and the United States. It has been declared one of the modern Wonders of the World by the American Society of Civil Engineers. The Frommers travel guide considers the Golden Gate

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Bridge "possibly the most beautiful, certainly the most photographed, bridge in the world". In fact, the bridge was not as beautiful as we had imagined. It was just huge. It was June and it was warm in other places, but it was so cold and windy near the bridge because of the sea.

3. Thoughts & Suggestions ① We were in trouble when writing aplan for the tour and presenting the plan, but lots of information collected in the trouble was very helpful during the tour. ② The younger the person we met, the more information we got. Relatively younger people had more time to tell us and show us. ③ We could get very little information from companies. We were not the official guest and employees we met were very busy. ④ We spent much money on rental cars, but we could go anywhere we wanted to go. If someone wants to go many places during the lab tour program, we recommend to rent a car. ⑤ In a way, doing same works whoever is better than deciding who does what. We can’t decide works complete fairly. ⑥ Most of all, we thank everyone who helped us to have a diverse experience.

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□ Team: E.A.T. (Eastern America Tour) □ Members: Lee, Yoon-ho, Kim, Dong-Yeong; Park, Seung-Young; Kim, Woo-Gyum; Shin, Dong-Seon; Jeon, Sangbin □ Country: USA □ Dates: May 24 ~ June 07, 2012 (15 days)

⊙ Washington D.C th

April 2012, students who study on the 8

floor in engineering building 1 got

together in the lounge. We thought deeply which trip would be the most memorable in our final undergraduate years. Finally, we decided to leave on a trip overseas. And we chose the topic of visiting labs in other universities, the lab tour. Even though we studied in different labs, our major is similar with each other, as nano chemistry and chemical engineering. That was our merit in the lab tour because we could choose labs based on only chemistry or chemical engineering. At first, we wanted to go to England, Germany, Switzerland, Holland, and Western Europe. After choosing several labs in different universities, we sent mail to each lab for visiting. We waited for answers for a week. There was, however, no reply coming to us. We had to change the destination. After meeting, we decided to go toeastern America. Universities in the Ivy League are as good as those in Western Europe. We sent a mail to labs in Columbia, MIT, Harvard and other universities but only 1 reply came to us. Anyway we made a plan and got feedback from professors by the presentation for nd

the lab tour. It’s been several hectic days including final exams. On May 22 , finally we arrived at Incheon international airport to get aboard a plane for Washington D. C. When the plane took off, we were so excited for new experiences. But it was so tiring sitting in an airplane for 17 hours. When the plane arrived at Dulles airport at 2am, we were completely exhausted. We took a shuttle and got to the hostel. As soon as we arrived at a hostel, we fell asleep. The first night in the USA ended.

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May 23th We got up early in the morning and made an early start for schedule. After having a breakfast in a cafĂŠ, we went to the Smithsonian natural history museum. It was surprising. There were lots of kinds of animals for different species and periods like as the biggest museum. Many elementary students were seeing the taxidermied animals. Looking at those students, I envied them going on a field trip to the Smithsonian natural history museum. After seeing the Smithsonian, we headed for the Washington Monument the highest building in D.C. Unfortunately, inside of the monument was restricted. Leaving for George Washington University, accidentally, we found the memorial park for the Korean War. We thanked those who fought for a country having no connection with them. The campus of George Washington was somewhat different from the campus of universities in Korea. There was no boundary between campus and town. There were a few people in the campus because they were also on summer vacation. We went into the building and saw the inside of the building. Obviously, the scale of university in America was bigger than us. But in quality of facilities, I thought UNIST is more competitive than George Washington University. The second day in Washington ended. May 24th Having breakfast in McDonaldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s, we left for the White House. The morning in Washington was silent and calm. But there were many people around the White House, the best tourist spot in D.C. In addition to the White House, there were many government offices in D.C. These buildings were luxurious like the White House. Going around near the White House, I saw a person who pitched a tent in front of the White house holding a demonstration for nuclear war. As everything has

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double-sidedness, the USA is the country breaking out the war in the world at the same time as the leading economy of the World After seeing the White house we left for the Washington National Gallery of Art. One of the merits in Washington D.C is all entrance fees of museums and galleries are free. So we could enter the many kinds of museums without burdens. There was thorough checking of goods in the entrance of the gallery. In the gallery, I was so excited I could see many paintings when I saw only in the book in my middle school and high school days. After visiting the gallery, we headed for George Town for shopping. Although the subway in D.C. was clean and good I think the D.C circulator bus is the best transportation in D.C. The fare was only one dollar and the bus was clean. After nd

shopping, we finished the tour in 2

day of D.C.

My first impression of Washington D.C is “as I expected it is the Capital”. Streets were clean, and people were very kind. May 25

We went to the Union station to take the mega bus for New York.

⊙ New York It is very hard to go to New York. There is the Lincoln tunnel which was constructed below the river we arrived in New York. But this tunnel is only a two-lane road. So, it is natural to wait for nearly 2 hours to pass the Lincoln tunnel in rush hour. After the hard time on the Megabus, we arrived in New York finally. At first, it was a city, just city. But while finding the lodging, we knew the greatness of New York City. As you know, there are lots of tourist attractions like the Statue of Liberty, Empire State Building, Rockefeller Center and Times Square. We went to these tourist attractions. But we had a lingering impression of the metropolitan museum and New York University and Columbia University.

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The Metropolitan Museum is considered to be one of the top three museums in the world. Admission to this Metropolitan museum is about 15$, but it is worth it. There are lots of antiquities from Egypt, Africa and Asia and works of art of Picasso, Kandinsky, and Pollok. It took a very long time, nearly 4 hours, to look around all the exhibits in the Metropolitan museum. The way to go to New York University is very impressive. There is a big park for people to rest. Children who treaded water, street musicians and street painters, people who took off the cloth and enjoyed sunbath on a lawn are impressed. The doors of New York University were opened. We went into the engineering building and looked around a biology chemical laboratory. We talked to a passerby who was studying from this laboratory and called for an explanation. In New York City, there is tour bus for tourists. It is a very easy method to tour the tourist attractions in New York City. But we insisted to tour only by ourselves. We took only subway and bus and a map of New York City. It was very hard and tired. But we had fun about achievement and we stayed from tourist attractions and huge shops in New York City as we want. Above all things in Times Square, the huge shops are very impressive. Clothing stores are bigger than our Library at UNIST. Lots of performance and street performance and lots of people were fantastic. In Times Square Street, there are many of advertisements of companies and advertisements of Samsung and LG was located in the biggest center. It was very proud to us. But, it was so sad that although Times Square Street is very exciting and fantastic, there are lots of poor and beggars in two streets distanced from Times Square Street. But, New York City is the best city for us to take a rest and study a lot of engineering in all of our Lab tour.

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Columbia University in the City of New York We visited the lab of Professor Scott Banta in Columbia University in the City of New York, May 30th. We reviewed some papers of his in Korea and knew many correlations of interests about the approaches of the protein, building blocks in targeting systems. So we contacted his lab through e-mail and confirmed the permission for a lab tour. Columbia University is famous as the Obama’s alma mater. And I saw the university in the movie Spider-man. On May 30th afternoon, we visited Columbia University and looked around campus. The campus is very broad and many antique buildings made us surprised. We were especially impressed by the library of the university. The building looks like a Greek temple, the Parthenon. And we thought that our library and our buildings are too common. Our university needs to have the land mark to make us inspired. Around 3 pm, we reached the building of chemical engineering. At Banta’s office we made the meeting with the professor. At first he gave us the documents of chemical engineering department and guidebooks of graduate school. We heard the introductions of his lab study. He used the protein compounds attached to carbohydrate linkages to target the goal. By targeting the cell from the ligand, the medicine can reduce the side effects, and increase the cell specificity and selectivity. Then we toured the lab of him. His lab is little small and old but there are many tools for culturing cells, analyzing the cell’s activity chemically and biologically. I am impressed by the lab’s ability to study both chemical and biological approaches, and combined research. After the lab tour, he introduced Professor Michael I Hill to us for more guides. He has researched the applications of artificial kidneys by improving the stream of blood based on fluid mechanics. He upgraded the efficiency of artificial organs adopting the co-current concept. We heard the class of his background and got the applications of what we learned. And he also guided

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the entrance of graduate school. After the meeting we took some pictures and exited the university. We have had unforgettable experiences and gotten connections to the university. This can’t be gained by the money but they can be possible by the support of UNIST and our efforts. We got confidence and pride in what we are majored in. And we are stimulated to study more actively by the lab tour. We have experienced the broad world and extension of our views. And the experience provided a concrete blueprint for the future.

⊙ Boston The third city that we visited was just Boston! Boston is a very famous city that the world’s best universities are located in. For example, MIT, Harvard and so on. Harvard University is the world’s best first university. And there are a wide variety of attractions in Boston. First, we got on a Megabus in New York and then went to Boston. It took a long time to go from New York to Boston, about 4 hours. The atmosphere of Boston is quite different from New York. New York is very busy and complicated and there are many people, while in Boston, we felt comfortable and Boston is secluded. But the weather of Boston is very cold and we had to put on long sleeves. On arriving in Boston, we went to the Korean hostel reserved in advance, and the lodging we stayed for 4 nights 5 days were so clean and good. And we visited MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology), MIT is located 20 minutes away from our lodging on foot. First, we saw the sight of the Main building of MIT, ‘Baxley Hall’ engraved with the name of founder William Barton Roger. There is Stratton student center in front of the main building, and there is much architecture that has curious design. There is the MIT chapel, Kresge auditorium in front of the MIT chapel designed by Eero Saarinen two buildings are 90 years old. And also there is the famous old building, and that is Baker House which is the dormitory constructed by Alvar Aalto. And then the Charles River is right ahead and the night view in Charles River is very beautiful. Simmons hall designed by Steven hall and Briggs field are very famous structure and also considered as visiting purpose of MIT. And Stara center

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has a very special structure. We finished the sightseeing in MIT and after eating a simple dinner in the room, the first evening in Boston falls.

College of Art & Science Building of B.U

Material Science lab of M.I.T

On the second day, we visited Harvard University and the university is very large and is seen as one big town. Boston is very cold, and it rains incessantly. We alighted from the red line at Harvard and entered into Harvard University. First, what attracted our attention was a bronze statue of John Harvard. John Harvard was the first property donor in Harvard and Harvard University was named after him. There is one vulgar belief related to the statue that if someone touched the left foot of a bronze statue of John Harvard, himself ora descendent would enter Harvard university. So, the paint of the left foot of the statue is taken off and very shiny. Next, we went sightseeing at the Harry Elikins Widener Memorial Library. As you have seen this library in advertisements or movies, this stair is just there that graduate students of Harvard throw their graduation cap. Also, the library is very big and awesome and we felt the dignity of Harvard. And we looked around many places. The church to celebrate Harvard students who took part in the world war and several old church, structures, Harvard book store, and so on. The inside of Harvard is very extensive and it was hard to see Harvard without a map. After finishing the sightseeing, we planned to see downtown. But, it rained incessantly. We didnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t see the downtown and returned to the lodging. We ate dinner near the lodging. And the second night falls in Boston.

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On the third day, we planned to go to the freedom trail. The freedom trail is avery important tour course in Boston that can see a tabloid addition of colonial times of the USA and the American Revolution as the red line of bottom. The major sights are composed of sixteen major historic sites. The courses are as in the following: Boston Common, State House, Granary Burying Ground, Park Street Church, old state house Faneuil Hall, Paul Revere House, Old North Church, Bunker Hill Monument, USS

Constitution and so on. And we could see the historic events of Boston at a look for freedom trail. At a finishing point of the freedom trail, we went to the Quincy market. Quincy market is located in the Faneuil Hall Marketplace and Quincy market is a very awesome structure rather than a Market. Quincy market is made up of a food court in the center of the Market. There is the north market and south market beside Quincy market. And it is composed as one shopping center with three buildings as the center. And we ate dinner near Quincy market. Our dinner was lobster that is the specialty of Boston. After dinner, we went to the lodging and our third day ended. On the fourth day, we visited the Franklin W. Olin College of engineering. Olin College is an emerging school in engineering. And Olin College considers working ability as an important educational policy. This school was established 10 years ago and has trained brilliant students. The appearance is very clear and wonderful in comparison with other old university. After seeing the sights of the college, we went to Fenway Park, the home stadium of the Boston Redsox. The air in Fenway Park is hot and very enthusiastic. After finishing a pleasant experience, we returned to the lodging and the last night in Boston ended. Boston was a historic city and sequestered differently from other cities. We had good memories in Boston.

â&#x160;&#x2122; Toronto For our last trip, we took an airplane from Boston and flew to Toronto, in Canada. We stayed in Toronto for 4 days. Our hotel was very good comparing with before amazingly, it gave a breakfast for us every morning. But unfortunately, the location of the hotel was very bad so we had to ride a bus with high fee and even it does not use a pass ticket. Although the traffic facilities were bad, on the first day night, some

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of us went to the near town and got some information from there for our easy tours in Toronto. On the second day, we briefly got a breakfast at the hotel and directed to the CN tower. We already saw the CN tower when we were arriving in Toronto on the airplane. It was the huge tower, so it cannot be unseen anywhere in the sky of Toronto. We paid about 24 Canada dollars and go up the CN tower by taking the elevator. And there was an amazing sight. We could see all of Toronto at one time and the buildings looked very small from there. Also humans looked like a Lego toy. In the tower mid, there was a transparent window in the floor. It was very exciting to step on the window, because there was nothing between the window and the ground so it felt to us like falling down to the ground suddenly. But all of us overcame that fear, everybody took a photo on the windows. After enjoying the CN tower, we went back to the ground and looked over the CN tower at ground. It was very interesting that humans made such a highest tower. After I knew that the CN tower is the second highest tower in the world. But we didn't know that we could see such a tall tower at Niagara Falls again. Anyway, we moved to the next trip. The next was Eaton Centre, the big and large shopping mall in Toronto. The Eaton Centre was much bigger than we thought before, and we went shopping in there for some hours and also got some foods in the basement. Actually, the foods in there were very delicious and we talked about getting a food business when we came back to Korea by using Toronto's food item. After shopping, we moved to the near place, which located City Hall of Toronto. It looks like a somewhat old and dirty building, but it has a somewhat beautiful artistic style. Anyway, after touring Toronto downtown, we went back to our hotel with some

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delicious pizza and took a rest for our next trip: Niagara Falls, the main tour trip of Toronto. On the third day, we moved to Niagara Falls by taking a Megabus. At morning, we got a bus with lucky. Although it was very lucky, we were very late because the Bus departure time was short. So we ran and ran to not belate for our reserved bus trip. Fortunately, we could get on the bus in time. And it took 2 hours for the Niagara. After arriving at the terminal, we were frustrated because there was another bus we should take to go to Niagara Falls, and the bus fare was 6 dollars for one-way. But the Niagara Falls was not so far from there, so we walked upside to Niagara Falls along with the Niagara River. The river was very greenish and beautiful, and very long and the sight was very good and properly cloudy day. Walking for a half hour, finally we reached Niagara Falls. There, we first saw Rainbow Bridge which was constructed on the Niagara River, between the United States of America and Canada, so it contains the border of two countries. The second thing we saw was a tall tower looks like the CN tower we had seen yesterday. Although that tower was not as tall as the CN tower, it was located near Niagara Falls so we thought that if we could go up to that tower top, we could see the surprising sight of Niagara Falls. Anyway, we walked again to the starting point of Niagara Falls. The tiny water drops continuously attacked our face. The water drops were formed by Niagara Falls and it flew to us by riding the winds which were also formed by the falls. The winds from Niagara Falls were very cool, and we could feel that the Niagara Falls was overwhelmingly huge compared with any other small and shabby waterfalls in Korea. The starting point of Niagara Falls was very crowded by a lot of people, specifically a lot of Chinese. Although it was very crowded by Chinese, we could feel that the start of the Niagara Falls is very strong and powerful and overwhelming. Niagara Falls has two faces, which of one is the face seen from Canada, and the other is seen from the USA side. When it was seen from Toronto, we could see the

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whole structure of Niagara Falls, and if we see it from the USA side, we can see it at near a Niagara Falls. So we determined to go across the border of USA. When we were crossing the Rainbow Bridge, there was a man from Canada who proposed to the woman from the USA, so we also celebrated them. Crossing the river, we went back to the USA and thought that USA was somewhat more convenient to live and walk to Niagara Falls. The Niagara Falls seeing at the USA was also very good and so cool because it continuously formed tiny water drops on our faces. And because we should go across the bridge on the River again and again it was so long to walk the whole Niagara Falls sight. So we came back to Toronto, and walked back to the bus terminal to get the bus. Getting some pizza on hand, we went back to our hotel and got a rest for our tired body. The next day, we wanted to go outside to go to the downtown of Toronto, but the only bus arriving at our bus stop was not in service at Sunday. And even, there were no taxis at our hotels. So we just used the hotel services, swimming pool, near cafeteria and restaurant and got a one day. The last day morning, we just enjoyed our last food from the hotel went back to the Airport to take an airplane which was going to La Guardia airport in New York. The tour of Toronto was very exciting and cool, because there was amazing Nature and a surprising artificial tower and shopping center, or beautiful city hall. But we were so sad because the Canadians were not so kind, and even had a racial discrimination behavior. When we went back to America, we again felt that the Americans are very kind compared with the unfriendly Canadians. If we can go to Toronto again, we want to go to the university in Toronto for our research and get more information for sharing more impact topics there, so we can tour with more fun and have a clear purpose for our trip to Toronto.

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□ Team: OllehO □ Members: Lee, In-Eon; Lee, Ki-Seon; Jang, Hyeon-Ung □ Country: UK, France, Germany, Italy □ Dates: June 01 ~ June 15, 2012 (15 days)

In London- Hyenwoong Jang On 5/30, we arrived at London, United Kingdom. Our first Europe tour had just begun. The time when we reached Heathrow airport was 7 pm and there was brightly raised sun. I couldn’t imagine afternoon at 7 but I saw that sight. That gives me some thought that I stand in an indifferent universe. And then we took the tube, which was going to our room. The house, which we used for a while is in Oval station. When we heard the word ‘tube’, we couldn’t understand why they call that. But the subway really seems like a tube, so small and round place. Oval is a very small town and there is no huge building. No dogs barking sound, people laughing noise. It seems to be very peaceful. We lived in a Korean guest house and there were

other

travelers.

They

already

adapted

London.

could

get

much

information about London and changed our schedules. With a welcome party in the house, we ended our first day of London. I saw sunrise at 5AM. That’s too shiny to close my eyes. So I closed the curtain on the window. We started the second day at 10AM, because we were very tired for a long airplane ride. We started to walk from the London Eye. The London Eye is a huge Ferris wheel and it was very expensive to ride. So we didn’t go into there. There were many old buildings which seem to be great. Buildings are very detailed, statues are very dynamic. And then we walked to Buckingham Palace. We could have lunch in the park. There was a huge park, like 울 산대공원. And there were many kinds of animals. I think that children can understand this place as a zoo. Elementary school boys and girls who I saw in the park impressed me because they had very different skin colors, hair colors and even speaking tone. But I can’t think that’s not harmonized. That is the one of points I feel in Europe. We ate some sandwiches that tasted so bad. We didn’t know the letter ‘V’ means ‘Vegetarian’! Chewing glasses, when I ate that bread I thought that. Even though this park, there are so many parks in London. In 10 minutes for a walk,

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we could find another park. And there were many peoples who ate foods, talking with coffee, doing some art work and sports. I think they do not mind other people. Just do what they want to do. That is so nice for me because I always think that it can be strange to other people. Keeping walking, we arrived at Covent Garden. That is a large market which we call a ‘Traditional market’. Foods, accessories, clothes and some performances live in there. We ate some light meals, and then saw a person who looked Korean. When we asked in Korean, she answered in Korean too. That was the first time we met Korean people outside the house. After that we knew that there are so many Koreans in Europe, and their tour routes are almost the same so it can happen that we meet someone we already knew before. She was a student too, and we could get some information for tourist attractions. She said that she was going to the British Museum tomorrow and we asked for some guide. She answered ‘OK’, so we went the British Museum together. The Museum is super huge. But I already saw a much larger museum, the Louvre, so I didn’t know what I felt exactly in that museum. Even we drank much beer in house, so I couldn’t see all the things in that museum. In house, we met an engineer who worked in G.E. We could hear about an engineer’s life, salary and so on. The next day we had to change our house because we couldn’t reserve all the days in London. We went to a dormitory which was near Oval station. But that house was little, messy, and crowded. When we fell asleep, some people came and they were very noisy. Maybe they were going on a senior trip. But it was too noisy to sleep well. We also went to a shopping center in Oxford Circus. It seemed to be Myeong-dong. But the streets were straight and wide. Some streets were too crowded to go though because of bars. There are lots of bars in streets and most people held their own cups and talked with others by standing. Near Oxford Street, there was WANO, World Association of Nuclear Operators. We could get some information that the way of WANO is going. In England, there was a th

huge celebration named the Diamond Jubilee. It means the 60

anniversary of the

queen’s accession to the throne. Fortunately we arrived that season! So we got to see that wonderful scene. The day we went to see the jubilee was the only day on which rain fell. Ordinarily in London it rains very often, but we were lucky guys who avoided rain. Even though rain fell, a lot of people were already ready for celebration in the Thames River. We also heard that many boats were going on the Thames

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River. So we walked along the river to find a good point of view. After about 1 hour walking, we found a place which was not great, just good to see. And we were waiting for the boats to come. In the apartment behind us, people sang a song which is maybe ‘God save the Queen’. I don’t understand what they said but that atmosphere was great. Kids shouted, families held their hands, couples hugged each other and we just felt them. Actually the ceremony where boats go though the Thames River was not great. But I remember that people’s acclamations. Science Museum! We had a great expectation for this museum. But it seemed to be the place of middle school field trip. There was no impression to me. We had many chances to talk native. When we didn’t know how to go somewhere or just for fun. Before going to England, actually we had worried about our English skill. But it doesn’t really matter. We are not native, so they don’t expect high level English. This experience will make us more confident. The last night in London, we took a city bicycle. There are non-human ticketing machines. First time we used that, we couldn’t use them well. So we asked to someone to return his bike. We went around London by riding. Bike is so much fun because we could go though roadways which cars run though. In London I could see many bike riding with cars. That is cool too me who doesn’t have driver’s license. Based on this experience, we were going to the airport by biking. Later we knew that is impossible togo there by riding because the airport is so suburb and there is no bike ticketing machine. So we decided to go bike to the bus stop. Actually the bus stop is also far from the dorm. But we started at 3 A.M to thebus stop. Wandering in the streets we found the bus station which we were finding. But we couldn’t find the bike ticketing machines! If we didn’t return the bike, we should pay lots of money. And if we couldn’t ride the bus, we should miss our plane and be trapped in London! So we moved back to the dorm direction, returned the bikes and ran to bus stop. Luckily we could get a bus and get our plane which was going to Germany. In the bus we almost fainted by tiredness from riding. But it was a great time in Europe.

In Germany – kiseon Lee We arrived at Berlin in Germany after 2 hours of flight. We had a quick look around the airport, and decided to go to the city. Because we already booked U-Rail passes

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in Korea, we moved to information in the train station to commence it. We felt we were really in Germany not in England, because the information attendant could not speak English, and all we could understand was body language. After a long time debating, we could get on the train going to the city and also we could book a train going to Munchen with beds, so called a Couchette. On the train to the city, we did not have any time to see the view because we were all tired. We had a nap in the train about 20~30 minutes by hugging our baggage. As soon as we arrived at Berlin, we met an East Asian mother and daughter who were begging for some money. At first, we were so sorry to their story why they were begging in a foreign land, but we got to know that they were swindlers because there were so many teams composed with mother and daughter who were begging. We realized that we had to be careful. Anyway, we wanted to go to the Berlin Wall, we asked the way to there in English. Almost all of Germans never understood our English, but, we could hear some information, ‘The Berlin Wall is not an attraction, but Brandenburg Gate is good to see’, by a traveler from England. We decided to head to Brandenburg Gate by subway. When we arrived at the nearest subway station, we were surprised at the conscience of Germany. The subway didn’t have the machine checking tickets, but nobody tried free riding. We, of course, bought tickets and took a subway. About 20minutes later, we could see Brandenburg Gate. There were so many people, travelers, street shop keepers, and swindlers. We took some pictures and tried to find restaurants. Because we were really hungry, we went to the restaurant which we could find at first. We ordered some steak & potatoes with beer. The price was so high to us, but the taste could not make a comparison against England. We were quite satisfied with the food. After eating, we went to the train station to take the Couchette which we had booked. The train station was huge, so there were many shops. After 1~2 hours shopping, we got on a train. Our room was for 6 people, but only we used it that day. We had bought some food to eat when we felt hungry, but we fell asleep in an instant.

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We arrived at Munchen at 7:00 a.m. We took coffee, and went to Marien platz (Mary’s Squaere). There were so many people like Trafalgar Square in England. We also saw many building which we had seen in movies or pictures. At the lunch time, we decided to eat sausages with beer like natives (there were many restaurants like a food court in Korea, and many old men were drinking beer). As we knew, Germany is noted for beer. We had a lot of beer, so we had to go lodging. Taking a shower, and we went out to have a great dinner (we already decided not to save money to eat). We went to avery famous restaurant, Hofbräuhaus. We ordered Schweinshaxen which is typical Germany food made from pig’s trotters like Jok-bal in Korea, and we also ordered some beer. The beer and Schweinshaxen were really tasty to us. We had ice-cream for dessert while watching street performances. Then, we came back to lodging at 11:00p.m. That night, there was a surprising thing. The girl who checked into the next room was a student of UNIST. We and she never met before, but during simple conversation, we were surprised that we were all school friends. We decided to go to Fuessen together tomorrow. We went to bed. Fuessen is located in a suburb of Munchen and it is famous for the castle which anybody knows. In the morning, after having breakfast, we took a train to Fuessen. The sightseeing was really good and we deluded ourselves we were in Switzerland. About 2 hours later, we could arrive at Fuessen. And we took a bus in succession. Because we felt slightly hungry, we had a sausage and chips with beer for early lunch. We started to hike a mountain to see Neuschwanstein castle. It was a hard time. After 1hour hiking, we could see the castle in front of our eyes. It was so grand, but we didn’t enter the castle. Instead of it, we started to hike once more to reach Marien Bruke, because the castle looked the best on Maruen Bruke. About 20~30 minutes additional walking, we could see the most beautiful side of it. Taking photos and having a rest, we walked down to the bus terminal. During walking, we saw a waterfall, and took a rest again. The water from the waterfall was extremely cold. We came back to lodging, and had dinner. The next day, because it was the last day of Germany, we packed our baggage and leaved lodging after saying good-bye to our junior in school. Because the train to Paris was 10:00 p.m. we put our baggage in a locker at the train station. And we booked the couchette first, and went to the BMW Factory for our field trip. At the ‘BMW museum’ metro station, we entered the BMW museum

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first. There were so many spectacles. After that, we entered the factory. There taking pictures was prohibited, so our camera and cell-phone were all kept by a keeper. The inside of factory was divided part by part, and robots and workers were working. In fact, we really had anticipated the high-end technology making cars, but it wasnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t different from a Korean factory. The appearance of the building was marvelous all the more. After seeing the souvenir store, we had a sandwich with fruit juice as dinner. After taking a coffee with discussion about BMW Factory, we finally took on the couchette to Paris. We felt something lacking, but fell asleep soon.

Figure 1,2. At the front of the BMW company

In Paris â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Ineon Lee We went to Paris from Germany by the night train. This Munich-Paris section was our first time to use the night train. Most of euro trip will pass many countries and cities. Then I strongly recommend this night train called "cuccetta". Cuccetta is a special train, which can sleep with bed indoors. Usually, you can choose a 2, 4 or 6 people room. If you are a university student and you have a Eurail-pass, you can use the Cuccetta only with 20~30 euro. But the important thing is that you have to book the Cuccetta ticket one day before. Using Cuccetta at 8~11 PM, you can arrive your next destination and wake up at the same time. When we arrived at Paris, the first thing to do was finding accommodation. It was not so difficult to find because Paris has lots of trippers and students every season. Hotel and Korean houses are popular lodgings for Korean trippers. But Hotels are too

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expensive for university students, so I recommend the Korean house for you. Most of the Korean houses are managed by ethnic Koreans (chseonchock). In a Korean house, you can solve all your meals if you want. You don’t need to be afraid about ethnic Koreans. Maybe they will take care of you much more than your neighbors. Paris is divided into 1, 2 and 3 zone and most Korean houses are located at the 3 zone. Therefore, you should use the underground for traffic facilities. I recommend a 10-bundle of tickets for 3 days. Paris is much smaller than you’re thinking. You can go any where in Paris only with this underground ticket. But if you expect the subway of Korea with Paris’s one, you will get a huge panic. This is the one of the dirtiest subways in the world. On the first day, we just went around Paris without plans. Paris has avery characterful view and feeling. If you walk along the Seine River, you can know the strong scent and beautiful view of whole Pairs. These old buildings and structures have those own dignity and characters not in Korea. Actually, we didn’t do any study about Paris. But this point helps to protect the pressing for time. I think the best way to travel in Paris is "no plan". In the meanwhile with walking, we found the city hall of Paris. The top of the city hall, has a picture of ship and a sentence "Fluctuat nec mergitur". This means "never be sunken, although I shake". When I looked at that sentence, I was so impressed and decided my own motto with that. Then we felt so hungry and tried to find a restaurant. Interestingly Paris has no fast-food restaurants. I heard the reason from a native person, because Parisians have high pride with food. All of the stores, which write the café are the normal restaurants not a coffee shop. So you can enjoy your dishes with every cafe. Paris food is famous for being delicious and expensive. Individually, I spent about 300,000won for eating only in Paris. So please, you should better prepare enough money if you want to enjoy the real food culture of Paris.

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The first day in Paris ebbed away fast. But you should remember that you must go back to your home not too late. Paris public peace is famous of bed. There many gypsys and criminals exist at late time. Therefore, I recommend you go back your home by10 pm and enjoy with your new tripper friends. Tripper friends are very helpful for your planning. There will tell you lots of information and know-how about their trip. So you just need to prepare a bottle of wine for receiving them. Paris is famous for wine. You can get the delicious wine easily at the market with cheep price. Buy the 3~10 euro of wine and finish your first night of Paris with your friends. Then it will be a successful first night in Paris. nd

We visited Champs-Elysees and the Louvre on the 2

day. You should go to muse

de Louvre if you visit Paris. If you want to travel around muse de Louvre, and you are interested in museums, you should pay one whole day to travel this museum. Muse de Louvre, the largest museum in the world, has too large scale to travel in a day. Muse de Louvre has two entrances. One is the main entrance, and the other one is the sub entrance. I recommend you to use main entrance which has alarge garden and pyramid which is shown in the movie â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Davinci Codeâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;. And at there, you can meet various kinds of people from various countries. And you should be careful about bringing fire things and weapons. Muse de Louvre has strong rules about fire things and weapons so that they will make you to undergo checking process in front of the entrance. If you first entered into Muse de Louvre, you may feel like a stranger. And then, I recommend you to use Nintendo 3ds helping you to travel around the museum. This game pad based helper will translate the announcement for artworks into your own words. And it is easy to use for everyone from children to old people. It costs about 8 euros for a general person, and 5 euros for those who have international student ID card. In Muse de Louvre, you can see the Mona Lisa which is the most impressive artwork in there for me. And you may be overwhelmed by the scale of it and the various items in there.

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If you want to enjoy enough time for the Louvre, you had better prepare early. After watching the Louvre, maybe it will be 3~4 pm, don’t move to another place directly. The Louvre has a huge park at the front. Just take a rest in the special garden. The place where the Louvre is established now was the place for a palace once. So it has lots of special gardens. If you were in there, you could feel like in the middle of nature in the middle of Paris, one of the most modernized countries in the world. But the important thing is some gypsies will annoy you because of begging or stealing. So you just ignore them and take your own break time. If you have enough time at the Louvre museum, then go to the best street of Paris the Champs-Élysées. As you work through the street with small buildings of Triumphal arch you can see the luxurious street. Champs-Élysées was little bit different from the sight of the lyrics of the famous song of 'Oh Champs-Élysées'. The street was full of global brand shops of apparel, automobiles and cafes. The hottest spot in Paris is the Champs-Élysées. The impressive place at Pairs was the head office or the shop of 'Louis Vuitton'. I was not able to buy anything in there but waited for an hour to get in there. Various best accessories were exhibited and I saw Japanese and Chinese people bring a bunch of bags which are about 1000~10000 Euro in their two arms. If you are interested in brand name product I recommend that place and you can get some items with 30% discount. As you walk the street watching the various brand-shops, you can get to the Triumphal arch at last. Triumphal arch is placed in center of the rotary circle. You can get to the Triumphal arch walking through the underpass at the edge of Champs-Élysées street. I was so impressed by the Triumphal arch which has the Paris' original architecture style. If you have chance to be there you should go up to the Triumphal arch with 10 Euro for a ticket. You can see the overall sight of Paris' main streets including Champs-Élysées street. You can go back to your base place the time of sunset and that would be nice timing. I recommend you to buy bottles of wine as you come back to the lodging. Because Pairs is the city of wine

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On the third day, we went to the Montmartre and Eiffel tower. Before going to Montmartre, you should go to the 'Pharmacie Monge' which is just next to the Metro-place Monge. I heard about the Monge pharmacy in Paris from other tourists. But it is famous for Koreans. In Paris, you can buy functional cosmetics at the pharmacy. And those cosmetics are very expensive in Korea the cost is about 2~3 times cheaper than Korea. I also recommend this pharmacy for the souvenir items. After buying from the Monge pharmacy, it is better to keep your loads at the side and go up to Montmartre. Montmartre is pretty easy to get to the top. You can see the overall sight of Paris with the cathedral. Watching the landscape of Paris with the horizon at the top of Montmartre is incredibly wonderful. And you can freely get to the inside of the cathedral gives a humble and peaceful atmosphere. One thing I want to warn you is the Black people at the Montmartre. They are hucksters targeting the tourists in Paris. As you go down the Montmartre on the backstreet, you can see the Art work which is consisted of the word "I Love you" in the 200 languages of the world. I recommend here for the couples who go to Paris. The Eiffel tower, the symbol of Paris is the next place. One of the famous stories in Paris is that 'If you want to go to the place where the Eiffel tower is not seen, then ask the Taxi driver to go just below to the Eiffel tower." It means that you can see the great and wonderful structure, the Eiffel tower wherever you are in Paris. You can find the Eiffel tower although you are first in Paris. Famous restaurants are placed near the Eiffel tower. Those restaurants are little bit expensive but they deserve it. But I recommend you to not eat the original French style grill steak. It is too rare to eat for the beginners. You can get to the Eiffel tower and there is a large park for a rest. At the time of 8 o'clock, lights at the Eiffel tower are turned on which shows the start of night sight of Eiffel tower. You can go up to the Eiffel tower with an admission fee but you need to wait over 2 hours. About 10 pm, the darkness of night is settled on Paris and you can see the wonderful night sight of Paris. It would

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be agood time to recall the memory and thinking about the next schedule of the trip. The last thing I want to tell you for the Paris trip is transit strikes. Paris often has transit strikes. Because of the strike we could not get to the Marseille nuclear research company with other schedules. So you should always prepare for the strike in the Paris. Figure 3. At the Glass pyramid of Louvre

In Italy – Kiseon Lee We arrived in Rome at 11:00 p.m. It was a dark night, it was difficult to find our lodging. We gave the manager a ring, so we could safely find the way to bed. Rome was the historical site itself, it is convenient to walk. We decided to travel only by walking. Next morning, after having breakfast, we walked to see the Colosseum. Though the weather was so hot, many tourists were seen. About 10 minutes walking, we could find the Colosseum far away. It was an amazing scene. The historical huge structure was beside a traffic road. It recalled the Dong-dae-moon to us. It was early morning, but there were many people who wanted to enter it. We were satisfied with the exterior of it, walking to Piazza del Popolo. The street of Rome was dirty comparing to Paris. At the surroundings of Piazza del Poppolo, we ate some ice-cream, so called gelato. There were many choices like Baskin Robbins. We chose lemon, water melon, chocolate, and rizzo. Rizzo is ‘Rice’in English, it was unusually tasty to us. Because we were satisfied with gelato, we always ate it while walking. We walked and walked to see attractions, Obelisk, Fontana di Trevi, Pantheon, and Piazza Venezia. All the structures had distinctive visualsand atmosphere. We had pizza and coke as dinner. We thought that Korean pizza was more tasty than Italian. After having dinner, we drank beer and whisky with the tourists from Korea who lived in

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the same lodging. We got the information that Firenze is famous for luxury brands. So, we decided to go there next day. Because we drank a lot yesterday, we got up late. We missed the first train to Firenze, so, we arrived at Firenze at1:00 p.m. We felt hungry but we didnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t have time to eat in restaurants. We went to McDonalds in front of Firenzeâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s train station. In McDonalds, we met the other Unistars. We and they were really glad to meet by chance. After some conversations, we started to go shopping. But, unfortunately, the last bus to go to The Mall was already left, we had to pass up chances to buy luxury brands cheap. After having dinner, we talked about this Europe Travel on bed. Our last night of Rome had gone. At the early morning, we had a breakfast. And we left the ground at Leonardo da Vinci Fiumicino Airport to come back home. Figure 4. Pantheon in Italy

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□ Team: Future Vehicle □ Members: Ryu, Jaechan; Byun, Jungin; Bu, Hyeon-Sik □ Country: UK, France, Germany □ Dates: August 7 ~ August. 21, 2012 (15 days)

During the spring quarter, I received an offer to go Labtour. Without brief hesitancy, I accepted. Then I didn't know what Labtour was. After entrance into university, I was given a chance to study overseas. I was very look forward to the event. I joined an university as a class of 09', and I lived in dormitory. But I never attended a lecture. I had no important and unavoidable reasons to not attend, I was just lazy. No thinking, no plan. I was put under academic probation. Already I joined the army. I left the army in 2011. I was so puzzled because it seemed there were too many problems, chances and selection. I lost my road. As I obtained leave of absence, I postponed my selection until next year. I didn't need more fail. Spring quarter, first of all, I thought I need 'not bad' grade. So I studied lazily. Of course, the result was minimum G.P.A requirement. Foolishly, I didn't think what I do in quarter. I was not satisfied. At that time, the day of Labtour was coming. I wasn't look forward to studying overseas. I thought it was bored like other things without the point I had never gone to overseas, t's first time. So I was not zealous to prepare our Labtour. So my fellow had a hard time preparing Labtour. Sorry..... At last the day came, we gathered together, and I suddenly changed. I was extremely excited. All I did that day was first time, everything. First international flight, first departure lounge, first airplane meal, etc. Especially, when the airplane took off, I wanted to cry out "Ah!!!!!! Fly!!!!!!!!Fly!!!". But there were my friends too. I stopped thinking to do that. I learned doing something for the first time is very powerful

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experience. After meal on

the airplane, I slept like a dead man. The previous day, I

fought with my girlfriend for no reason all night long. August 2012, start from Korea. We arrived in moscow. except mt.금강, North korea. It is my first abroad country. but first thing we met is advertisement of Galaxy S3 of samsung. So I mistake moscow for any city of korea. We learned about global village, and were taught most major enterprise of korea focus to export. So they and their goods become symbol of Korea. I know too. However I felt directly only after the experience. Every TV in moscow airport was Samsung TV. And there was so many advertisement of korea company such as Kia, Samsung and Hyundai. The other inspiring me in Moscow was international student of korea. We meet one student. She graduated from 민족사관high school and Yonsei department of political science and diplomacy. She was student of geneva graduate school. She said she wanted to be UN worker. I had not been interested in studying overseas. But her story and plan fascinated me. I was suddenly curious about studying overseas. So I concentrated information she said. Short meeting is over. We move to gate. Till boarding time, moscow made me excited. At late night we arrived at Heathrow Airport. By underground, subway we went to korean house we had reserved. But it was hard to find the house. There was worse thing. Trying to contact with owner of house was impossible. We reached a house. We guessed it was the house we had reserved. But it seemed there was no person home, and closed. We began to worry and waited for a long time. Then the owner appeared. She felt very sorry. She said her mobile was stolen. And she warned there was so many thieves. I was totally afraid. I prayed for my safety. I didn't want such accident happened to me. Suddenly I missed my parents and girlfriend. From next day we start tour early in the morning. I visited Tower bridge, Big Ben, Buckingham Palace, London Museum, Thames river London Tower and Saint Paul's Cathedral.

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The streets were overflowing with the crowds. London was hosting the Olympic Games. So many outdoor billboard decorated street. I was born in 1990. It is first time for me to visit host country of Olympic. Everywhere most people talk about that. One day, we went to a korean pub. It is the day when Japan VS Korea Soccer match. There were so many Korean. We met mayer and public official of Goyang. They came London to cheer up their player. They bought alcohol and meal. We were very grateful. After match we took picture together. I am afraid that my ugly face will be used as public reaction of mayer.

We went to Oxford too. It is city of campus. Very old, very spacious. I looked 정인 and 재찬 had aspirations to become an oxford student, postdoctor. UNIST and Oxford is totally different. By coming totally different university, I can see myself and my university by different viewpoint. We visited flea market. We just roamed and looked. Something drew my attention, but it would make my road bag heavier, and it is transient interest. I abandoned to buy. My company bought shoes. It looks nice. Not tourist attractions, I was in illusion. I think I was in daily life. When we left, I realized I was not in Korea. It is strange and special experience Last day in London we went to the British Museum. There was pottery I had seen in middle school. Like other Landmark, it was familiar. I sometimes saw the pottery of picture in the book. It record the story about Greek and Roman myth, Troy war. The next destination was Paris. I got to sleep as soon as get on the Eurostar, train London to paris. So I couldn‘t see the submarine tunnel. We left London, we arrived in Paris at noon.

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The place we went to in Paris was Montmartre (MontmartreHill). On the hill, I experienced a disaster. Some black men demand big money because they gave cheap wristlet. We was embarrassed. We didn't know how to act. Then police car appeared, black men suddenly went away. And police man said "Do not give them money". We almost got ripped off. When I read the book about Europe tour, I found sentence about them. They are famous! I regretted we didn't have fun time. We were just afraid of the situation. And there were so many pickpockets. They persuade tourist to sign autograph about some problem. During autograph, they steel tourist's money. Or some pickpocketer asked the way with a map. Kind tourist try to illustrate, but already their money was stolen. Something treat tourist very unkind in many ways. Now I think of it, there is so many begger in street. Pregnant woman(it might be fake), kids, mother and kids and wanderer with dog. They look like as model of The big issue. Begger and homeless people is anywhere. But I felt Europe has more them than Korea. I heard Europe is good at welfare. Is it prejudice? The above black men was same problem. I need some more study and experience about that problem. We visited The Eiffel Tower and the Arc de Triomphe. I felt nothing at Arc de Triomphe. Napoleon commanded to built that. It cannot be fun or inspiration, just gate of victory. Some dancers were performing around Eiffel Tower. They made me fun. Near parks and landscape was gorgeous. Especially night view of Eiffel with light. But night view from Eiffel was a disappointment. All we visited Europe city was darker than Korea under the so many neon lights. One day I stayed in house. Too tired. I worried I was about to get cold. My condition was not good. 정인 stayed too. 정인 suggested to take a medicine, tylenol. I went to pharmacy. I looked for tylenol. But pharmacist could not understand what I said and meant. I repeated several time. He still didn't catch on. Eventually, I cannot help buying the Aspirin. I was frustrated. If Europe doesn't use tylenol, I'll not feel like this. But I don't know whether Europe use the tylenol or not. So I guessed my pronunciation was too bad. It was a big problem. No matter what I say, people can't

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understand my meaning. I lost my confidence. I truly worried about my word. Surely I still worry. I think I need to do something not just worry. Next day we moved to Germany with my worry. We decided to move by night train. Because of late reservation, every single one got different couch room. This made me feel fear. I always feel awkward when I'm with not only unknown but also person who I met several times. This fear became realization. 2 white women, black couple. They already became friends each other. I felt something unfair. So I wanted to sleep early. But they asked me where they is. I felt they are very strange. I didn't understand why they asked where they is. They didn't know where they is. I was in confusion with question mark. I could not answer immediately and hesitated to answer. They judged me by my action. They thought I can't speak English at all, then they made me invisible man. And they had drinking party with beer, whiskey and coke. There was no my place. I heard some jokes from them. But I couldn't have smile. I was very frustrated. I thought I had been too lazy. I'll really study hard in English. Then 2 white men entered into the room. One man asked where I was from, I answered. He offered me some beer with question about Korea. One white woman told him "He can't speak English". I felt shame. But I continued to talk with him. Only then I could join the party. She gave me Coke mixed with whiskey. Its taste was terrible. So I said pure one is better. They laughed loudly. They thought it was dangerous action. I seriously look like old age, old face. But they judged me as young man. It was that time when I began to like. Black couple was from Tanzania. they talked about Tanzanite, marriage and how to pronounce mother and father. They insisted most language have similar pronunciation of mom, dad. Russian, Dutch, Tanzanian, Korean, each of us pronounced mom, dad. They were right! We were surprised at the fact. So they guessed all language has common point and secret we can't realize. I really wanted to illustrate why pronunciation is similar. I learned baby can pronounce "m" and "f" from lips. So ''mama'', ''mom'' ''fafa'' and ''baba'' means mother and father naturally. But because

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of my shyness and my not-good -English conversation skill. I abandoned to illustrate. I thought twice I need to study English hard. And we talked and talked about major, airplane fare, politics culture, name, North Korea and Army, very funny. I said "I think I'm already drunken." They begged me not to throw up, to stop drinking. I wanted to express I just felt so good by alcohol, I didn't know drunken means the very level. Even if I failed to express my feeling perfectly, I learned accurate meaning. I feel really great. In the morning we arrived, we swapped e-mail address, we said goodbye. Oldest black man who heard my worry about major and future and who had cheered me up came to me and offer to visit Tanzania. I said yes. I have wanted Tanzania traditional wedding. The train episode is too long.

It was the first time in my life talking with

foreigners, unknown except my grandmother. So that night doesn't be forget in my mind. I had confidence about talking in English though I collapsed later. Also ě&#x17E;Źě°Ź talked with chinese. He already studied chinese in university. So he started to speak chinese. Then chinese people laughed loudly. It is funny for them to speak. I was inconvenienced. Even if his pronunciation is funny, such a laughing is rude. I inquired about the meaning. What he said meant"How are your parents?" I laughed. This is why I learn chinese in this semester. In Germany we had trouble. Bedbug appeared our house and bed. We got refund on our fare, went out the street at night. We decided to sleep on street or train station.

were

very

afraid

thief.

underwent

many

thieves

and

pickpocketer in France. I couldn't sleep. I thought I should sleep later. When I thought like that, I got up in the morning, not bad bed. It was not bad to sleep like homeless. It was cheep. Despite night, temperature was good to sleep on street. Maybe because of westerlies climate, difference between temperature of night and dayis small. I studied it in high school. Suddenly I was proud of myself with my thinking. It seems childish and foolish. But I directly felt what I studied. But still it

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seems childish..... Anyway, after we experienced street sleep, we used street to sleep one more. Perhaps the bedbugs, I still want to scratch my skin. Sometimes... One of the biggest purposes of this trip was visiting one of the world's leading Institute of Natural Sciences, the Max Planck Institute. It was founded in 1911 and has more than 80 Institutes and 17 Nobel prize recipients. Before went to there, I conceived its appearance sent me shock and there was something difference from UNIST. But appearance and first impression were not different from UNIST. In fact, it was remarkably similar. I had question. What makes status of Max Planck Institute. We met professor and heard the history of Institute with the past photo. We went to laboratory. We have on-the-spot study about chemistry .I tried to focus their study. But I couldn't

understand

that.

I'm

ashamed

admit it, but it's true. I understood something fact disturbs next step study. But I missed all detail concepts. I didn't think, I felt. During this tour I felt too much and thought too little. I did again this time. I felt shame, no self-confidence, risk and lost interest. Fortunately I felt motivated. When I entered into high school and I left the army, I felt this one. It is time to restart. And there was one more shame. Before the laboratory, we had short introducing time. My turn had come around. I meant to introduce me and my situation. But my word got tangled. It became hard to express. Eventually ě&#x17E;Źě°Ź help me to short and express my word. The confidence I had on the night train was gone. It became motive too. After we visited some laboratory, we had launch with professor. We heard his story and asked question such as difficulty about difference pronunciation from nation to nation, student's economy problem and what we must do.

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The Max Planck Institute left me motivated. I wanted to come back UNIST quickly to develop myself. After the time, I'll go there again. Next our visit was BMW welt. My fellows are very interested in cars. contrastively I don't have license and not interested in. But conversation with them taught me. I asked many things. One of surprising is the price of convertible car. It is cheaper than my expectation. Of course It is very hard to buy. But if I do well on my domain, I can buy this one. I had believed it was to far from me. But after I knew, I hoped to drive prestige car. It can be possible. So when I arrived at BMW, I observe cars closely. Especially in front of convertible cars my desiring to drive this car became stronger. I'm funny, very funny, but my friends seemed very very exited and very happy. They were even more happier than this picture. It was time to come back. previous airport.

day didn't

decided

sleep.

sleep

flashed

back

Short-term(?) tour. I felt, thought much thing. I was frustrated and exited. With 재찬, 정인 made topic, memory and episode we had a good laugh later. It was a very valuable time. Words cannot even describe how amazing this tour is. However I'm going to tell people our adventure and my friends. It is shy to boast my friends to other people. But I must say my team, are, and will remain, good friends. And because of my problem, I made you guys worried, Sorry for you. By this tour, I get the power. Tour with you make my mind strong. I'm better than before. Thank you very much.

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□ Team: 기계군단 (Mechanical Army) □ Members: Seo, Hae-Won; Kang, Min-Jee; Jo, In-Seong □ Country: France, Switzerland □ Dates: August 7 ~ August 21, 2012 (15 days)

First laboratory in University of Le Havre, ‘Composite materials manufacturing for aeronautic and aerospace engineering’ This

Lab

producing

has

researched

composite

modeling

materials,

mostly

molding, and the process of simulation about numerical value. All of us are undergraduates of mechanical engineering so you could argue that our learning about materials engineering is still in its infancy.

But we had lecture called material engineering and we could

understand the mutual relation between mechanical and materials engineering. Also, we thought the material engineering is related our major because we knew that some of mechanical engineering professors have researched material engineering. From

tour

‘Composite

materials

manufacturing

for

aeronautic

and

aerospace

engineering’, we could understand actually how laboratory study and experiment in field of material engineering. We could get introduction about composite materials efforts for making better quality, purpose of using each machine, application to mechanical field. Also, it was very helpful for widening our knowledge because this laboratory deals with aeronautical engineering, which at present is not offered

in our

university. Second laboratory in University of Le Havre, ‘Computational fluid dynamics (e.g. aerodynamics in wind energy industry)’ One of us studied CFD in laboratory of Professor Yoo-chun sang and have

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experience

participating

actual

CFD

case

about air pressure drop of fin in a heat exchanger of air conditioner during winter vacation internship period in LG. So, she was very interested about examining the flow of air around aerogenerator. Professor of laboratory Computational Fluid Dynamics showed us some videos about simulation of aerogenerator. Especially, we were very interested in the change of velocity of air between each other air generator if there are more than two air generators. As more aerogenerator, there was more complicated diffusion and its figure is very impressive. Finally, we could examine the degree of the change with program and professor said there have been many research for producing best efficiency of aerogenerator. As this laboratory works to do computational fluid dynamics, we didn’t see other experimental apparatus. But we were impressed enough to make all experimental procedure with a computer. Also, professor introduced 2nd year master degree courses in fall semester, ‘Renewable Energy in Civil Engineering’. The courses have topics wind energy, marine energy,

solar

and

earth

energy,

energy

converters

and

grid

integration,

and

humanities. As same as the University of Le Havre, we understood why UNIST has given

attention to research being conducted on renewable energy and storage. From

noticing the creation of this kind of program, we felt that this world surely need and issued renewable energy in terms of environment. According to the text material which professor gave us, renewable energies represent a huge challenge for the future and the renewable energy industry is growing at a rapid pace. As it is, we felt again the importance of research renewable energy. Third laboratory in University of Le Havre, ‘Marine/ocean engineering (e.g. harbor design)'

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Actually, we had to visit marine / ocean engineering but we visited laboratory which is indirectly related with marine/ocean engineering. This laboratory also deals with some simulations about fluid. Especially we wanted to know more how computational interpretation works not in the field of combustion because we have studied research of modeling mainly with regards to combustion from heat. This laboratory has experience about research making better quality of composite materials. More specifically, for making composite materials, we have to consider so many conditions of materials before composing. Two materials which are meant to be composed

together

often

time

have

properties

that

make

them

suitable

inappropriate for a particular application.. Those kinds of relations can be measured numerically and improved more effectively through some experimental procedures and data, which is documented in this laboratory. One of conditions, we could see the procedure of machine which is purpose on measuring degree of spreading of fluid. This machine is almost automatic and the professor showed us each procedure and explained specifically. And we could get numerical results like angles between surface of material and fluid. After considering many conditions for producing composite materials, finally, these advanced materials have been applied in aircraft, automobile and other cutting edge technologies

and

applications.

So,

with

first

laboratory,

received

abetter

understanding about the relationship between material and mechanical engineering. Actually, in University of Le Havre, it was chance for upgrading our understanding about fluid mechanics and relationship between mechanical and material engineering and experiencing aeronautical engineering. From examining these actual experimental applications for development of mechanical structure, we could get a lot of knowledge about fluid interpretation for modeling. Also, we were very thankful for three professors in University of Le Havre because they gave us specific introduction and some materials for making us understand easier about their works.

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Other university is ENSTA ParisTech. ENSTA ParisTech is one of the best universities in France for advanced technologies. There is a department of mechanical engineering named UME at ENSTA. We contacted with them to learn how to study many mechanical engineering researches. When we first get there, we really surprised by huge forest surrounding university. And the professor said this university started 400 years ago in the middle of Paris. We get into there with realizing the amazing scale of university. Originally we planned to look around just one research group in UME. But the professor shows us whole groups and many professors introduce their researches very kindly although they do not expect our visit. At first we visit a laboratory where many experimental machines are located. A giant welding robot is in there. It is an arm-shaped device that have welding tip in the front side. The machine is made by Japan but they research the pattern of welding. And they show us simulations and prototypes for different welding.

Our team members are primarily interested in fluid mechanics. So the professor showed us the Geophysical Fluid and Oceanography (FGO) lab. We can see a wing in the water. When he operates the machine, the wing spurts colored liquids through holes. And they show fluid flows along the shape of the wing. So it was really interesting and the professor explained the significance of the flow in great detail so that we were able to understand exactly what he meant. Final lab is ETH Zurich, â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Nanoscience for Energy Technology and Sustainability.â&#x20AC;&#x2122;It is not located in the university but in heavy security building. So it is hard to find the

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entrance gate. The nanotechnology is applied to nano-scale. It is hard to understand exactly because we cannot see the procedure occurring in the material. But the research assistant explained why the technology is important to us in detail. And she shows us clean room. We dress up experimental coat from bottom to the top. Photos are not allowed but it is amazing that we can see sensitive experimental machines. This photo was taken from the laboratory building and shows the surrounding landscape. Switzerland is very famous about beautiful scenery. Clouds are great and the weather is also really good. So we imagined how great it would be to live here. Also we trip many beautiful and famous places. First travel place is Centre Pompidou. This place is located in Paris and assembled many functions architecture, arts and so on. As Centre Pompidou is well known the big three Paris national art museum with MusĂŠe du Louvre and MusĂŠe d'Orsay, we could appreciate many pieces of Picasso. This photo is photo of lab building with landscape. Switzerland is very famous about beautiful scenery. Clouds are great and the weather is also really good. So we think to live here. Also we trip many beautiful and famous places. First travel place is Centre Pompidou.

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This place is located in Paris and assembled many functions architecture, arts and so on. As Centre Pompidou is well known the big three Paris national art museum with Musée du Louvre and Musée d'Orsay, we could appreciate many pieces of Picasso And there was the outside terrace in which we could enjoy the landscape of Paris downtown, as it is in the right picture. It was very memorable. In front of Centre Pompidou, there were some performances and everyone laughed together, of course we did. We could feel the present culture of France more vivid, especially among youngsters, as compared with any other museum. Second travel place is Musée du Louvre. To match its reputation, we were perfectly exhausted to appreciate so many works of art and amazing to watch the work of Leonardo da Vinci ‘Mona Lisa’ in reality. Left picture is the out scene

right

picture

known

museum

‘Mona

is Lisa’.

and well In

the left picture, there is the glass pyramid which is

well

known

the

movie ‘Angle or Devil (2009)’. All of us already watched the movie, so we could be deeply moved. Third travel place is Musée d'Orsay. There are so many pieces about modern art in Musée d'Orsay. Unlike Musée du Louvre, this place has some unique works. As we are all students of mechanical engineering, we had felt more interesting about art works which made us have curiosity. This picture is collection of words in the world meaning ‘book’. It was so interesting. The forth place we visited in Paris was the Museum of Rodin.

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We could enjoy so many sculptures of Auguste

Rodin.

This

Rodin

Museum

was

impressive because the structure of museum had been Rodin’s house. It helped us feel vividly passion of Rodin about not only his works but also his friend’s works. In the Rodin Museum, there are also pieces of Camille Claudel, Auguste Renoir´, Claude Monet´. Left picture is most famous work Le Penseur and right one is the incomplete work La

Portede

l'Enfer.

Even

though every works of Rodin is

impressive,

overcame

the

but

grandeur

we of

Porte de l'Enfer. We felt that we were in front of gate of devil in reality. We could not help admitting the greatness of Rodin. The below picture is the Basilica of the Sacred Heart located in Montmartre hill. It is sacred place so that we should not wear sleeveless sand short pants. There are many statues of sacred persons and they make us reverent. And the style of architecture is wonderful. We

can

learn

various

mechanical

engineering

researches. We cannot know everything just by visiting some labs. But we contact them, search their researches in advanced and try to understand difficult technology. These experiments are fantastic and they became a chance to look back to ourselves.

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□ Team: Running求 (Running Search) □ Members : Kang, Hyun-Je; Nam, Yun-Seok; Lee, Eui-Sang; Lee, Junho □ Country : USA □ Dates : May 21 ~ June 2, 2012 (13 days)

PURPOSE As we are the student, member of laboratory in UNIST, we want to learn about another laboratory’s system and make large of our knowledge of major for getting bigger vision. And also we are looking forward to understanding about topic of our own laboratory in more detail through this lab tour. For making our lab tour more efficiency, we tried hard to get information of our labs which we were going to. Our destination were NIH, Johns hopkins medical school, Johns Hopkins University, Maryland Medical School and MIT. Through our knowledge that we were studied for lab tour, we wanted to feel and learn about advanced systems and trend of bio-research. At last, for maximizing our purpose, we gathered who are familiar each other, we were looking forward to fusing our knowledge about each major.

AFTER NOTE (NIH campus tour and LKEM) It was the first place we visit as this lab tour, And it made us excited because of its marvelous scale of research. We didn’t exact laboratory tour in this place. We just toured the campus of NIH. But it was very meaningful for us. Such like the size of laboratory and interaction between people etc... Frankly speaking, the other places we visited seem like trivial and two of our members were perfectly fascinated to here

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and made a goal about their future. Like this, the tour for NIH makes us think about many things. At the NIH, we visited many equipment rooms and met many people who are working in NIH. There is equipment which I saw only on journal. In fact, we didnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t saw many things in NIH as a tour for study. But we can get a dream as a scientist. NIH is National Institute health. In the middle of the world, we want to be a scientist for health of mankind. (Johns hopkins medical school) We visited Johns Hopkins Medical School and found it to be very impressive. That lab has research for regenerate neuronal cell in human body. We thought that neuronal cell could not be regenerated. So, we were very surprised that there was ongoing research on this subject. Johns Hopkins Medical School laboratories were very old but equipped with cutting edge research equipment. There tools for experiment looked like unfunctional, but their result of research was very good. We thought that result of research isnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t led by environment but attitude. Without good attitude, there are no good results. In case of Johns hopkins medical school, the lab environment is not so clean, but there are no case that cell or materials is contaminated. And also, we recognized that idea for research is very important too.

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Finally, Ph,D Hur was very nice to us. Spend time is this lab was very nice and good. Number 1 medical school in USA, is very old but systematic from building construct to lab procedure. We hope that more MD in Johns Hopkins will develop medical areas. (Johns hopkins university) Ui sang and Yoon suk are very interested in medical devices. And John Hopkins University lab could attract their site. This lab research for medical devices especially for 3D graphic. And that technology is used for surgery. We can see

inside

human

body

easily

through

computer monitor. And also this technology can be connected with many other devices for medical therapy. In this lab, two doctors guided us and have fun

for

touring.

OCT

very

attractive

technology for us. OCT is technology that makes optical image so that we can get more information without physical force. Through this lab tour, we can imagine that development for medical device has no limitation. (When we visit this school, there were graduate students celebrating. So, there were many students in the agora and in typical Korean fashion we had fun

taking

pictures of the festivities.) (Maryland medical school) University of Maryland Medical Center is the sponsoring institution for graduate

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medical education programs. University of Maryland Medical Center is the principal clinical site for graduate medical education and the University of Maryland School of Medicine provides the faculty and the program direction. In this partnership, University of Maryland Medical Center is responsible for providing an organized educational program for residents and fellows, under the guidance and supervision of the University of Maryland School of Medicine faculty. The goal is to facilitate the ethical, professional, and personal development of residents and fellows, while ensuring safe and appropriate care for patients University of Maryland Medical Center is committed to assuring that it and the clinical programs it sponsors

meet

surpass

all

Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical

Education

accreditation

requirements. The

Laboratory

Kidney

and

Electrolyte Metabolism in University th

of Maryland School of Medicine where we were visited as 4

in the lab-tour is

pre-work place of Prof. Kwon & Prof .Lee in UNIST. This university was founded in 1807, and has a perpetual history of double-centuries until now. It is located in the midtown of Baltimore with a hospital. I have shocked and realize that the really good research is come from not only good institution and facility but also attitude on study and passion, and also changed my mind. If we are having passionate attitude to study and research in UNIST which have instrumental facility of best-quality, it would be not just a dream in my head to make our UNIST as a global leading university. It will be come true like President. Choâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s saying in my thought. University of Maryland Medical Center is the sponsoring institution for graduate medical education programs. University of Maryland Medical Center is the principal clinical site for graduate medical education and the University of Maryland School of Medicine provides the faculty and the program direction. In this partnership, University of

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Maryland Medical Center is responsible for providing an organized educational program for residents and fellows, under the guidance and supervision of the University of Maryland School of Medicine faculty. The goal is to facilitate the ethical, professional, and personal development of residents and fellows, while ensuring safe and appropriate care for patients. University of Maryland Medical Center is committed to assuring that it and the clinical programs it sponsors meet or surpass all Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education accreditation requirements. (MIT) Through encourage

visiting about

MIT, our

future

became own

very

futures.

Voigt lab is developing a basis by which cells can be programmed like robots to perform complex, coordinated tasks for pharmaceutical and

industrial

applications.

They

are

engineering new sensors that give bacteria the senses of touch, sight, and smell. Genetic circuits â&#x20AC;&#x201C; analogous to their electronic counterparts â&#x20AC;&#x201C;are built to integrate the signals from the various sensors. Finally, the output of the gene circuits is used to control cellular processes. They are also developing theoretical tools from statistical mechanics and non-linear dynamics to understand how to combine genetic devices and predict their collective behavior. We thought that every science area is connected, and attractive. And, our sight for experiment was being raised. Their lab system is efficiency but not complicated. For an example, there are big roon and small two room for experiment but in that two room, there are lots of theme for research. And also, their attitude toward science was very impressive. We thanks to PhD. Moon for introducing Voigt lab. His topic, that covers systematic correlated with open/close circuit, was so impressive.

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Sight seeing (National aquarium) First site for sight seeing was national aquarium. We could not see the dolphin show, but we could see

variety

water

creatures

something

reptiles, marsupials, blue crabs and other life forms. To us, aquarium was very unfamiliar, but through this tour, we could get priceless memories. This aquarium scale is very big, and impressive. But they do not prepare event for meeting with water creatures. (Empire state building) Empire state building was the best site seeing place. We could enjoy night seeing. We went up to th

floor and we could see all of New York. One

think that we miss was event for holidays. Until late night, many people come to that building. And, that building have color theme. So, according to seasons, they change their light color. But, when we visit that building we can see only white one. Memory in empire state building was so nice. (Smithonian museum) The Smithonian is world largest museum. There are so many people on museum block so we can hard to find art creatures. We went to flight museum is terrific. Chinese museum was very similar with korean museum and american museum was very hard to understand because we cannot follow their ancestorâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s

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culture. Finally, flight museum is very interesting. Because they prepare variety of theme such like past to present, sort of wars, astronomical area etc... We believe that the Smithonian museum to be attractive and educational. We recommend that anyone who has a chance to visit it do so.

Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s an experience you

will never forget.

Conclusion Through this lab tour we got our dream and energy for life. We have been in USA for 2 weeks. Two weeks is a short time but it provided us with the opportunity to experience different cultures and see first hand how many labs operate. USA is an advanced country, and their social moral is a very high compared to our country. Especially, their lab culture is a very free to everybody, they find their own interesting areas and have no limitation for working time while our labs often force to remain in the lab until boss goes home. Even though their free environment, their result for research is very good. We noticed that difference between USA and Korea is attitude. In the U.S., even if researchers spend more focused and efficient.

less time doing research, they are

Maybe this passion and positive attitude could be

adopted here at some point in the future. And also, sight seeing place is very good, the scale for museum or night seeing was wonderful. Neon signs in New York, Night seeing on Empire state building, Big scale of Smithonian museum and Interesting and surprising National aqurium etc... We, learned many things such as, attitude and culture for labs, and got priceless memories in USA lab tour.

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C la s s ify

D e ta ils

In fo rm a tio n

C o s t($ )

In c h e o n -> W a s h in g to n

A irlin e

W a s h in g to n -> N IH

Taxi

100$

N IH -> B a ltim o re

Taxi

120$

B a ltim o re -> W a s h in g to n

Taxi

120$

T ra n s

W a s h in g to n -> B o s to n

A irlin e

-p o rt

B o s to n -> N e w y o rk

M egabus 4m en * 26$

104$

N e w y o rk -> In c h e o n

A irlin e

T o ta l fo r A irlin e

4m en * 1500$

6 ,0 0 0 $

P u b lic tra n s p o rta tio n

4m en * 45$

180$

T o ta l

A ccom o -d a tio n

6 ,6 2 4 $

A m e ric a n In n o f B e th e s d a

120$ * 1day

120$

H o te l s u p e r 8 la u re l

75$ * 3days

225$

W a s h in g to n h a n in m in b a k

90$ * 3days

270$

N e w y o rk h a n in m in n a k

100$ * 3days

300$

T o ta l

915$

M eal

16$ * 4m en * 11days

704$

E tc .

14$ * 4m en * 11days

484$

Food

T o ta l E tc

M a rg in

1 ,1 8 8 $ 4m en * 500$

T o ta l

2 ,0 0 0 $

T o ta l

1 0 ,7 2 7 $

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Student Academic Activities

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□ Activity: American Nuclear Society (ANS) □ Members: Kim, Kyoung-Mo; Baek, Je-Kyun □ Country: USA □ Dates: June. 25 ~ June 29. 2012 (5 days) 1. Motivation We had planned to go to many laboratories in America but connecting with laboratories was difficult due to a short preparation period and a relatively small number of members. So, we asked Professor In Cheol Bang for help. He advised us to go to ANS with him and members of his lab because current issues about nuclear engineering will be discussed in this conference. It would be here that I can learn nuclear engineering which I was interested in. 2. Preparations We should prepare many things before the conference. The first thing was getting a passport. The issuing of passports took about5 days. Then, we were issued electronic visas (ESTA) through an online website. However, the problem was the reservation of airplane tickets to Chicago where the conference will be held because we were only approved by the school on the last week of May. Tickets are expensive and limited at that time but luckily we were able to reserve them. Also, we made a reservation at Inn of the Midway which is a small hotel located near the Midway airport (20~30 minutes from downtown by subway). Finally, we established plans for our time in Chicago. In the airport, we rented alleh egg which is a device used to provide data for our cell phones in America. The cost was 10,000 won per day. 3. Diaries 3.1. First day (6/22) We left Korea Friday, K.S.T. but we also arrived on Friday in The States because the time difference between Chicago and Korea is 13 hours. The flight time was 12 hours. During the flight, meals, snacks, and beverages were provided. I watched some movies, listened to music, and got information about the flight using a monitor

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attached to the seat in front of me. During this time I realized that appropriate exercise is needed in flight because a lot of food is provided continuously during 12 hours. When we arrived at Chicago airport and we waited about an hour to clear customs. We bought a 7 day CTA free path ticket which can be used on any public transportation (city bus and subway) within 7 days. The only issue is a transfer is impossible within 30 minutes (We had difficulty the first time we tried it). The subway which was designated as the orange line went to Midway and brought us to Pulaski the area where our reserved room is located . Briefly speaking about subways in Chicago, a total 7 lines of subways are operating and they all pass through the loop (downtown). Buses are operating along each street. We could see many wonderful buildings in Chicago and I heard that design of buildings of Chicago should be different from others in order to get approval. I think this policy lead Chicago to become a city of architecture. When we arrived in our hotel, we had a problem using electricity because voltage of USA is 110 V and the plugs of Korea do not fit. In order to recharge our electronic devices, we should find an electronic shop but, it was very difficult because the city is so big. We asked help to passengers and they kindly explained to us the location of electronic shop. (The citizens are very kind. For example, a driver backed up for us in the intersection. In Radioshack, we bought a power converter and then later, we bought water and some food. 3.2. Second day (6/23) We bought a citypass which gave us entrance tickets for five famous places (Willis tower, Hancock tower, Shed aquarium, Field Museum etc.) in Chicago. We started the day by going downtown to eat brunch. The most famous brunch in Chicago is Yolk which havs about 30~40 kinds of brunch. We ate the brunch at the park.The park is near to the Field museum and Shed aquarium. And we went to the Hyatt hotel where the ANS was held to figure out the exact location before the conference. Then, we went to the Macys Department Store to buy some clothes needed to look appropriate for the conference. In the department store, clothes were cheaper than in Korea. Next, we went to the Willis tower which is the tallest building in Chicago. At the entrance of the Willis tower, clerks suggested we take a picture. So, we took a picture without knowing the reason. Then, we took an elevator to go to top of the

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tower. Elevator brought us to the top rapidly I heard the velocity of elevator is 3 miles per second. The scenery of Chicago at the Willis tower was so wonderful and beautiful. Almost of buildings were small in my sight and lake was so wide and bright. As we walked in, a clerk seized us and said to buy the picture we took at the entrance. I realized it was for making money! But I didn`t buy it because I was so ugly in the picture and the price was very expensive from my perspective. The highlight of Willis tower was the sky deck which made with glass. I could feel myself standing on the sky because downtown was below my feet. After looking around, we returned to the inn and studied about topics we would be hearing at the conferences. At dinner, we were hungry and ate Giordano pizza which is most famous and delicious pizza in Chicago. It was very thick and fatty. Thus we had to leave some pieces of pizza. 3.3 Third day (6/24) We visited Lincoln Park which is free to all citizens in the morning. The park is wide and has a zoo we can visit for free. I was surprised the entrance fee is not required. Many people include families visited the park in the morning. I could brush the fur of a pony which was on display for children. We got to see many kinds of animals (snakes, camel, lion, fish and so on). There is a greenhouse where exotic flowers are planted. I recognized that there are sculptures at some places which explain buildings that are in the sight. It was so refreshing to see and I thought that this type of explanations would also be useful in Korea. After visiting the park, we went to Koreatown to eat some Korean food due to an eager desire for Kimchi. We found Chicago Jung-Bu market in Belmont and many Koreans were there (I was glad to meet Koreans there for some reason). We ordered Korean foods and ate (The price was 6~10 dollars per menu

- 399 -

item). Many Americans ate Bulgogi and I was proud of that fact. Then, we bought some Korean snacks and ramen to deal with our Korean food withdrawal even though it was only our third day in Chicago. 3.4 Fourth day (6/25) Upon entering the Hyatt hotel, we could get a name tag easily due to our pre-registering on the online website. The conference was held today with breakfast given provided. There were many kinds of pastries and beverages including water, coffee, and milk. At 9 AM, an opening ceremony was held. Many celebrities including the president of the American Nuclear Society and a city councilman of Chicago congratulated the conference. They explained and emphasized the importance of nuclear engineering. The ceremony was not too formal as the councilman gave a humorous speech. The ceremony took about 2 hours and participants asked questions about market situations in nuclear engineering. After the ceremony, we met professors and members of our UNIST laboratory. We ate lunch at McDonaldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s together. Then, we

attended

some

seminars

about

simulation

code

which

the

thermal-hydraulics and safety in nuclear reactors. There were not only some codes that I learned and heard but also codes that I had never heard. We also attended seminars

concerning

experimental

research

about thermal safety in nuclear reactors. They also carried out the simulation before the experiments. Therefore, I felt that simulation before should

experiment

learn

about

important

basic

and

programming

languages like C++, FORTRAN, and Python.

After stepping into the lobby to get a drink of water, we found a sailing ceremony of the U.S. branch of the Korea Nuclear Society will be held in the evening. So, we decided to attend the ceremony. The President of Korea Nuclear Society and a consular representative of negotiation in nuclear energy between USA and Korea participated and gave a talk during the ceremony. They appointed the head of the

- 400 -

American branch and they gave a speech about the future of Korea nuclear engineering and discussed the motivation of sailing of the branch. Participants in the ceremony emphasized the pyro-processing (process of recycling of spent nuclear fuel) because Korea have enough technology in recycling and the recycling will be needed due to the exhaustion of Uranium-235. We don`t have authority over the process because the enrichment of uranium and arming plutonium are problematic. I felt pride in the nuclear engineering done in Korea after listening to speeches concerning the competitive power of Korea. Our price of electricity is very expensive compared to other countries due to our excellent technology and cheaper cost in building the nuclear power plants. I determined to be helpful in the nuclear energy field. At a sushi restaurant near to the Hyatt, we had dinner with participants in the ceremony. It was there that we heard many interesting stories about nuclear weapons in America during World War II. 3.5 Fifth day (6/26) In the morning, we went to a conference and attended a seminar concerning the APR 1400 which is a commercial nuclear reactor of Korea. In order to increase the thermal safety, a core catcher is established to prepare for any severe accident. A severe accident means the meltdown of reactor core. The reactor core when melted is called corium and the corium will be drop to the ground in an accident. The corium melts the bottom of containment unitand this situation can bomb by radiation. So, researchers in Korea intend to install a core catcher below the core. The core catcher is a passive system which is not depending on automatic power. So, simulation and experiment are needed to validate and find appropriate conditions of the operation of a core catcher. Researchers found the equation of a fluidâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s natural circulation from the Bernoulli equation in fluid mechanics and simulated the situation with the equation using Microsoft excel. This topic is a subject of interest to me in Korea at the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI).

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Later that day, graduates of UNIST and I went to the Belmont to eat Korean food. We found a Korean restaurant named Ssial-Samgyetang. We thought this restaurant only sold Samgyetang but, they sold many kinds of food. The chef was a Korean grandmother and her granddaughter was helping her. Her Korean speech is not fluent I think she had been living a long time in the US but the taste of the food was the same and perhaps even more delicious in Korea. After having lunch we went to the lakeside. There were many yachts on the lake and many families were enjoying vacation in their yachts. I felt envious and I dreamed to buy the yacht someday. The overall atmosphere of Chicago was so relaxed compared to that of Korea. Our next stop was Millennium Park in downtown. There was a big mirror there with an egg shape. Many travelers and citizens were taking pictures with the mirror and the citizens were taking a rest lying and sitting on the grass. They looked free and comfortable. On this day, I felt the comfort of Chicago and realized why the Chicago is called as romantic city.

3.6 Sixth day (6/27) Graduates of UNIST presented their researches on this day. I`m interested in the graduate school of UNIST therefore, I decided to attend the presentation. The topic of the first presentation was an investigation of Critical Heat Flux (CHF) enhancement using SiC/water nanofluid in flow boiling. This research concentrated on increasing the thermal margins of the nuclear reactor using high thermal conductivity of nanofluid rather than water. I had carried out experiments in this subject area with Graphene oxide/water nanofluid so, I could understand all contents of this presentation. It made me think of possible solutions to the problems of researching this area. The problem is that the use of nanofluid in commercial nuclear reactor is difficult because deposition of nanoparticle to nuclear fuel affects the neutron reaction that is difficult

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to control and predict. So, I thought highly ordered deposition can solve the problem and then thought about what the method of ordering might be. The second presentation was an analysis of fluid flow in a calandria tank using PIV and CFX simulation. This research was carried out in order to visualize and analyze the fluid flow in moderator tank (calandria tank) of a CANDU reactor (Wol-Song nuclear power plant). The principle of PIV is chasing the particle in the fluid using high-tech camera with laser lighting and analyze the velocity of particle that is same that of fluid. And the CFX code can simulate and analyze the fluid flow by producing virtual calandria tank and determining conditions of fluid flow. This topic was interested in the â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;point of visualizationâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; because most parts of nuclear reactor are blind due to radiation. The third presentation was about the removal of crud with shock waves in a nuclear reactor. The crud is produced by corrosion of structure material move with fluid and deposit on other structure. Crud affects the fluid flow in nuclear reactors and decreases the efficiency of thermal controlled system so removal of the crud is also important. In this research, use of the shock wave by ultrasonic wave sources. I felt properly maintaining the capability of thermal controlled system is also an important point. The final presentation was about the properties of Gallium. Liquid metals are spotlighted in thermal system due to their high thermal conductivity and safety. However, they have the fatal problem of corrosion. Gallium is chosen in this research and measured properties of Gallium which will be the basis of researches using Gallium. Many audiences have an interest in that topic and pointed out the problems. I also want to research about liquid metal. Today I learned what recent topic in nuclear engineering is and why they are important. After all presentations, we went to John Hancock Tower which is famous due to its view of the wonderful nightscape. The clerk there also suggested that we take a picture just as the clerk of Willis Tower did. So, we took a picture and didn`t buy it for the same reason as at Willis Tower. The elevator was also fast. There were bars and restaurants and we could watch the nightscape of Chicago. Many parts of

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this tower were similar to Willis Tower. 3.7 Seventh day (6/28) I decided to attend seminars about many kinds of Gen-IV reactors including Very High Temperature gas-cooled Reactors (VHTR), Sodium Cooled Fast Reactors(SFR), and Traveling Wave Reactor (TWR). SFR and TWR are highlighted in recent research. SFRâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s use sodium as a coolant due to high thermal conductivity of sodium when there is a explosive reaction and corrosion with water and oxygen. And the principle of TWR is similar to that of a candle. This reactor can be operated continuously for about 30~40 years without changing the nuclear fuel. I learned principles of Gen-IV nuclear reactors and recent trendsof researches about them. Then we went to the premium outlet. About an hour was spent there. There are many brands and itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s much cheaper than Korea. But, sizes of clothes are bigger than that of Korea. There are also Asian food stores (Japanese and Chinese) for everyone to enjoy. Later, we came back to the conference to attend the poster section which covers materials and fuel in nuclear reactors. In this section, dinner was provided. Sodium and cladding materials were main topics in the same context of trend talks. I could get much information how experimental loops consist, how experiments were carried out, and what conditions are important in experiments. 3.8 Eighth day (6/29) The conference ended today so we went to the Field Museum and Shed aquarium using our Citypass. The Field museum was very big as can be seen in the picture. There were many sites to see. After, we went to the Shed aquarium. I disappointed in the contents of the aquarium relative to its size. I thought the aquarium in Busan is the better than Shed. But it is appropriate for a family trip I think.

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Finally, I took water taxi (The citizens call the taking a taxi as architecture tour). There was 1 day free ticket like the CTA of Chicago with 21 dollars. There are waterways in downtown of Chicago. I could see the wonderful and beautiful buildings in detail taking water taxi.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________ Hello, guys. Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;m Je-Kyun Baek who belongs to Interdisciplinary school of green energy. I was going to Chicago June 22~30, 2012, participated in ANS (American Nuclear Society). I went to ANS with Kyung-Mo Kim. Preparation for our participation was very difficult. I have already prepared to go to a foreign country in March, but I paid my airline ticket in June. We planned a lab-tour but Kyung-Mo Kim could not schedule it so we only went to the conference. As I mention before, I reserved an airline in June, but the plane ticket was still very expensive. We reserved the direct flight because the transfer flight was for some reason more expensive than a direct flight. It cost about 2,500,000 won for each ticket. We stayed in a comfortable INN which had been reserved through AGODA. We stayed in a TWIN room, and the bed is KING size I guess. I could feel that I was truly in America because the bed size was very big. We reserved an inexpensive INN, but I think there is reasons it is a cheaper one. When I first entered the Inn, there were lots of ants everywhere. Our main transport method is CTA which includes subways, buses. Chicago issues a CTA free pass that have restricted periods, 3days, 7days, 30days etc. We stayed about 9 days, and we were issued a 7 day free pass. Our schedule is very similar to Professor Sohn who is our manager & the person we follow. Our flight and the INN we stayed in were the same with the professor coincidently. So we saw him very frequently at the airport, INN, subway, conference room etc. There are possible pros and cons to this. Of course it ended up being great!

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Most of all, I want to emphasize our preparation in terms of our scheduling. Our conference schedule is only 5 days, and we were able to go sightseeing during the remaining time. But we weren’t ready to go sightseeing so we had lots of trouble. First, all of our party members have different styles so some conflicts were always possible. Furthermore, we use to time 220V-110V voltage converter first date. Being rested before boarding the plane is also important. I spent a very hard time before one week leave from Korea, I had a lots of bloody noses on the plane. The plane’s environment is very low pressure and the size of the cabin always makes in inconvenient. Physical fitness is important. On the first day, as I mentioned before, we bought a 220V-110V voltage converter and made

schedules

for

each

day.

Before

arriving at the INN, we stopped at the John Thomson’s Center and had lunch at Burger King. Chicago is the city of architecture, and Figure 1. John Thomson’s Center

our first great site is there by chance.

We decided to buy a city pass which includes a five famous attractions ticket. If you buy that, tickets to the sites are discounted about 50%. We ate breakfast in a brunch café and walked around. After about 10 minutes walking, we arrived at the museum campus. There is a park there that includes the Field museum, the Shedd aquarium, and the Adler planetarium, all of them are included in city pass. But we didn’t use the city pass right away because we wanted to go shopping first. We went to ‘The Loop’ that is the downtown area of Chicago. That’s because all of subways except blue and red line enter into loop shape a railroad station. We

Figure

walked around the shopping center and department

Chicago

- 406 -

Hyatt

Regency

store on the loop, but we couldn’t buy many things. I realized that the price of clothes or accessories is very cheaper in United States than Korea but I didn’t have the money. After shopping, we went to Skydeck, Willis tower. The tower is tallest in United States, 103th floors high. The top floor is used as an observation platform now. On the 103th floor, all of Chicago is spread out at a glance. The landscape on Skydeck is fantastic! That is incommunicable. I ate the Giordano pizza that is one of most famous deep-dish pizza after coming down from the tower. Sunday, we went to Lincoln park and walked around because the museum & zoo exist in the same park. I saw the most of the zoo during this time. I looked around very quickly but it still took me about 3 hours. Our next stop was a Korean marketplace in Chicago! We spent time in the Korean marketplace which

was

named

‘Chicago

Joong

Boo

Market’and ate a late lunch. We then went to

Figure 3. Chicago Joong Boo Market

the museum campus were has the Shedd Aquarium, Field museum and Adler planetarium. Because we went there on Sunday, tourists from various cities and countries were visiting. The field museum was especially amazing. There is the place where the film ‘Night At The Museum’ takes place. I’m very amazed because the museum collection is very extensive. I spent about 2~3 hours there but if you really want to see the ‘Field museum’ you may want to spend a few days there. Other museums on the campus were also good. In the Shedd Aquarium, you can see the dolphin show but I wasn’t interested because I had already seen an animal show

the

other

day

Lincoln

Park.

The

Adler

planetarium is a very cute place for children. Except for Professor Sohn and my team, other graduate students and professors arrived Sunday and so we met

- 407 -

Figure 4. Field Museum

them. We went to the John Hancock Observatory on Wednesday, after the conference. We then proceeded with our schedule. On Thursday, we went shopping at the Aurora Outlet with graduate students and professors. Below is our conference schedule: The first day of the conference is on Monday. My list of presentations is below. The conference was held at the Hyatt Regency, Chicago Monday to Friday. Table 1. Participation list of conference in ANS Time Monday AM 8:00 Monday PM 1:00

Subject Opening Plenary: Nuclear Science and Technology: Managing the Global Impact of Economic and Natural Events ANS President’s Special Session: Low-Level Radiation and Its Implications for Fukushima Recovery

Monday PM 2:45

Development of Advanced Fuel Recycle Methods

Monday PM 4:30

Inauguration ceremony of KNS(Korean Nuclear Society) in USA

Tuesday AM 8:30 Tuesday PM 1:00

Extended Storage and Transportation of Spent Nuclear Fuel—I– Panel Extended Storage and Transportation of Spent Nuclear Fuel—II– Panel

Wednesday AM 8:30

Nuclear Nonproliferation Issues

Wednesday PM 1:00

Fuel Cycle and Waste Management: General—I

Thursday AM 7:45

Technical Tour: Exelon Dresden Station

Friday AM 8:00

Technical Tour: Argonne National Laboratory

The figure 4 is taken on the first morning. Kyung-Mo Kim and I split who would see each one because we wanted to take part in each conference. The above table is my list. This list is different to the original plan because I recognized lots of things during the conference period. If I realized the presentation and topics were not something I wanted to hear, I moved on to other sections.

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The first two sections were an opening ceremony of sorts. Special topics such as Fukushima were dealt with by ANS presidents. I felt it was a chaotic situation because they use English very distinctive. Lots of different dialects and pronunciation could be heard so it was sometimes hard to understand. The next session started as a specific field presentation. I participated in the fuel and waste part. You can see all the presentation which I listened to in Table 1. I will introduce the presentation topics briefly. The Figure 5. ANS president sessions

first

presentation

was

‘A

Model

for

Recovering Uranium from Scrap Monolithic

Uranium Molybdenum Alloy by Electrorefining’. Electrorefining is the production of a purified metal product from an impure feed alloy or amalgam via an electrochemical process. An electrorefining model was developed for optimization of this process and design of the facility for recycling scrap U-Mo fuels. The next one was ‘The Direct Dissolution and Electrochemical Study of U3O8 in Ionic Liquid’. To study the feasibility of using second generation ionic liquids for the electrochemical processing of spent nuclear fuels. Studies of a variety of f-elements complexed with the bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide anion (TFSI) produced from aqueous routes which were dissolved into ionic liquids have been reported. The third presentation was ‘Plutonium and Minor Actinide Transmutation Target Fuel Evaluation for PWRs’. Between second and third one, one presentation was scheduled originally, but the presenter didn’t come. Fast reactors are generally the preferred option for the destruction of plutonium and minor actinides however, an optimistic deployment time of at least 20 years indicates a need for a near term solution. This study assesses the feasibility of incorporating plutonium and minor actinide bearing

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target fuel rods into existing PWRs, in order to reduce the stockpile of these materials. The final presentation was ‘Increasing Inert Matrix Fuel Burnup’. The transuranic waste present in spent nuclear fuel poses significant long-term storage issues. These long lived isotopes dominate the radioactive heat production in fuels older than several hundred years. Methods for reprocessing spent fuel and transmuting the transuranics into more benign or shorter-lived forms can significantly reduce the long-term radiological heat load, effectively turning tens of thousands of years problem into a hundreds of years problem. One approach for doing this is to blend the transuranics from spent uranium dioxide fuel with a non-fertile material to create an inert matrix fuel that can be burned in light water reactors. I went to the inauguration ceremony of KNS in the US. So many Koreans participated. Sun-Heung Jang who is KNS head to speak about many kinds of topics and gave a congratulatory message. We went to a Sushi restaurant after the KNS inauguration ceremony. Lots of doctor or people with Master’s degrees were there with me. The number of graduate student was very few (about 10), and Kyung-Mo Kim and I were the youngest. The sushi restaurant was a very nervous place for me. We stuck with the graduate students, and ate Sushi very quietly. After the meal, our first conference day was officially over. On the second day, I participated in the Extended Storage and Transportation of Spent Nuclear Fuel, Panel I, II. That’s an issue of the United States, in Yucca Mountain. With the apparent demise of Yucca Mountain, it appears that extended storage and subsequent transportation (EST) of spent nuclear fuel (SNF) will become a real possibility. Plans to establish a technical basis for EST were discussed in two panel sessions at the 2011 ANS Annual Meeting by representatives of the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Nuclear Waste Technical Review Board (TRB), and International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA).

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With participation from the audience, a number of pertinent assumptions in the plans to move forward with research and development to fill data gaps and to conduct a demonstration were discussed. Two panels will discuss the progress made over 2011–2012 to address the technical issues. Additional topics to be discussed will be progress in the Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) for waste confidence being conducted by the NRC and reducing the mismatch between the storage (10 CFR Part 72) and transportation (10 CFR Part 71) regulations. This part is very difficult for me because they discuss the issue about the Yucca Mountain project that was planned long ago. On the third day, my last day of the seminar, I participated in the ‘Nuclear Nonproliferation Issues’, but originally planned to participate in

‘Experiences and

Challenges in RERTR Core Redesign’. The subject of first seminar is ‘The United States Support

Program:

Years

Safeguards

Enhancements’.

The

Department

Safeguards in the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is charged with ensuring that nuclear material is not diverted for military purposes. The United States Support Program (USSP) was established in 1977 to augment this mission by transferring technologies available in the United States to the IAEA. The International Safeguards Project Office (ISPO) at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) is responsible for the day to day management of the USSP at the behest of the Subgroup on Safeguards Technical Support. After the first 35 years of existence, the USSP has completed over 1185 tasks, has 97 on-going tasks, and has contributed over $300 million in funding and in kind assistance to the IAEA. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of the USSP on international safeguards. Next

conference

subject

was

‘Aboveground

Antineutrino

Detectors

for

Reactor

Monitoring and Safeguards’. Nuclear reactors have served as the neutrino source for many

fundamental

physics

experiments.

The

techniques

developed

these

experiments make it possible to use these weakly interacting particles for a practical

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purpose. The large flux of antineutrinos that leaves a reactor carries information about two quantities of interest for safeguards: the reactor power and fissile inventory. Third

presentation

was

‘Development

Path

Toolkit

for

Nuclear

Non-Proliferation Applications’. Research to deter the threat of nuclear terrorism is a high national and global priority. As more efforts focus on detecting the spread of nuclear weapons, researchers turn to detection methods for nuclear weapon materials known as special nuclear material (SNM). One prominent method is through a path search of an urban area. A path search works by combining a gamma ray detector with a mobile platform to provide different vantage points from which to survey the nuclear backgrounds of the area. Methods that utilize path search data maximize the effectiveness of detection methods while minimizing real world cost by limiting the number of mobile detection platforms. As nuclear count rate can change widely between different areas of a country, effective methods need to be able to handle different types of backgrounds while still reliably detecting the presence of SNM. The challenge of building a large enough database of path searches has left a gap in the ability of independent researchers to be able to simulate path searches. And next one is ‘Incentivizing Timely Detection: Game Theoretic Modeling of Trade-Offs’. While the scope and breadth of safeguards under the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) aegis continue to grow, budgets have not seen commensurate growth, leading to an increasingly cost-constrained inspectorate. The goal of this work is to explore safeguarding strategies that emphasize more-timely detection of diversion or misuse and to investigate the trade-offs these strategies entail. In order to achieve a more realistic treatment of the adversary, this work employs a game theoretic approach to model the interaction between an insider adversary with state backing and an inspector. The next subject was ‘Neuro-Fuzzy Methodology for Geospatial and Time Interpolation on Gamma Ray Spectroscopy Data’. Since its inception, the Department of Homeland

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Security has focused on securing the United States against all forms of terrorism including the threat from nuclear devices. Part of this work has been geared at detection of special nuclear material (SNM) in urban areas due to the increased risk of fatalities, injuries, and infrastructural damage from an attack. One proposed route for detection of SNM utilizes mobile gamma ray detectors to gather spectral data to establish the background characteristics of an area. With a sufficient amount of spectral data a signal of interest could be identified if SNM were present. The last morning session presentation was ‘Fuzzy Logic Radio-Isotope Identifier for Gamma Spectra Analysis in Source Search Applications’. Detection and identification of hidden special nuclear materials (SNM) in urban searches is one of the top priorities for

national

security

and

public

safety.

typical

scenario,

gamma

measurements in air are continuously obtained over short acquisition time intervals, e.g., one second, with a fast response portable nuclear detector, such as NaI(Tl) crystal-based detector. Automated recognition of isotopic sources in the measured spectrum can be accomplished with a radioisotope identifier (RIID) algorithm. The operational principle of most RIID algorithms consists of matching measured spectral peaks to known templates in a spectral library of isotopes, which may also include attenuated and distorted template spectra of shielded sources And first presentation in the afternoon session was ‘FUEL CYCLE AND WASTE MANAGEMENT: GENERAL—I’. In the sessions, five presentations are included. The first one was ‘Report on a DOE Nuclear Separations Workshop and the Path Forward’. Within DOE and its predecessors, there has been a continuing need for new nuclear

separations

technologies

over

the

past

years.

DOE

has

multiple

responsibilities that require the ability to separate nuclear materials for their direct use, future reuse or disposition: (1) nuclear weapons stockpile stewardship, (2) technical aspects of nuclear nonproliferation, (3) cleanup of cold war nuclear facilities,

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(4) disposition of excess nuclear materials, (5) research on advanced commercial fuel cycles, and (6) treatment of radioactive wastes (including spent nuclear fuel, SNF). The next session was ‘Update on DOE’s Safety and Regulatory Crosscut Work’. The Department of Energy’s (DOE) Fuel Cycle Technologies (FCT) program has a goal of conducting research with the objective of developing a sustainable nuclear fuel cycle. With this objective in mind, the FCT created the Safety and Regulatory Crosscut work package (WP) so that issues which cut across multiple WPs within the program can be addressed in a systematic manner. Sandia National Laboratories has been tasked with executing this WP. The third one was ‘Arizona’s Suitability as an Interim Recyclable Fuel Storage Facility Site’. The Blue Ribbon Commission on America's Nuclear Future (BRC) has strongly recommended that a centralized interim storage facility be developed without further delay. Such consolidated interim storage capacity would enable the spent fuel to cool while keeping open the options for either ultimately disposing of spent fuel or making use of reprocess and recycle technologies if closing the fuel cycle becomes advantageous in the future. Consolidated storage also would enhance safety and security because facilities for this purpose could be located where there is a much lower

probability

extreme

natural

events,

where

the

risks

broad-based

population exposures in the event of a disaster are lower, where local conditions are conducive to effectively monitoring and managing security risks, and where spent fuel can be safely transported to the interim storage facility and further transportation to a reprocessing facility. The subject of the fourth one is ‘FUEL CYCLE STRATEGIES UTILIZING SINGLE ISOTOPE SEPARATION’.

The

role

separations

processes

advanced

fuel

cycles

has

historically been limited to partitioning technologies that operate at the elemental level.

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The last conference was â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;A Comparative Study of CANDLE Reactor Based U.S. Nuclear Fuel Cyclesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;. Alternative nuclear fuel cycles based on CANDLE (Constant Axial shape of Neutron flux, nuclide densities and power shape During Life of Energy producing) reactors are considered for future operation in the United States. After schedule of Wednesday is over, I went to exhibition of Fuel & Structural of Nuclear, I saw a lot of exhibition of research. I am interested in nuclear fuel, so I saw all of the exhibitions. In the exhibition place, buffets are offered. After schedule of Wednesday is over, I went to exhibition of Fuel & Structural of Nuclear, I saw a lot of exhibition of research. I am interest in nuclear fuel, so I saw all of exhibition. In the exhibition place, buffets are offered. I looked around the BWR and Argonne national laboratory in Thursday & Friday. We went to there with graduate students and professors. I

strongly

recommend

you

take

the

architecture tour and use a city pass if you go

Chicago.

architecture

tour

want

ride

the

boat but I cannot

ride

because of time limits. I did not get a chance to attend the other Figure 6. I strongly recommended to you architecture tour

programs so comparison is hard, but I think the features of the programs are helpful for

students. The other merits of the programs are that the schedule can be shorter than other programs. We were able to tour nearby places in the middle of conference schedule because the conference place is located downtown. Especially in Chicago, I saw the tourist attractions every lunch and afternoon, because the tourist attractions are located in such a tight area. Participating in the conference left a very big impression because I know how to

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function at a conference. A true understanding of some exhibitions or presentations was not always possible, but I think being outside UNIST and meeting with the many doctors and experts was very helpful for me.

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□ Activity: International Conference on Science and Technology of Synthetic Metals (ICSTSM) □ Members: Lee, Kang-Taek; Yoon, Young Jin; Kim, Jeehye □ Country: USA □ Dates: July 6 ~ July 13, 2012 (8 days) We planned to attend a conference to study a common research issue, solar cells, during this summer vacation. We prepared a lab tour program because this program’s purpose was similar to ours. But we changed the program to ‘2012 student Academic Activities Program’ for better assistance. We attended the ‘ICSM 2012’ conference. ICSM acronym of ‘International Conference on science and technology of Synthetic Metals’.The main topic of ICSM is synthetic metals, which is materials that has conductivity. Solar cell discussion is also included in this area. We expected this conference would be a chance of us to gain experiences and learn about trends of current research for our later research. Also we wanted to feel and understand foreign cultures as well through attending the conference. We went through the departure process on July 4th and arrived in LA and stayed for 3 days. We went to Atlanta on July 7th and attended the conference for 7 days. After the conference, we traveled to Atlanta for 2 more days and then to LA for about 3 days. For a smoother schedule, we booked our plane tickets, accommodation and made our international student ID cards. After preparing the airplane ticket, we planned to go to Atlanta directly and to attend the conference. But it was a rare chance to go abroad and we wanted to experience American culture, so we decided to stay longer in LA. We were concerned about accommodation after deciding to travel LA. We finally chose a Korean Inn to feel more comfortable in an unfamiliar place. We really were concerned about accommodations in Atlanta. We considered about the problem

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of public safety and the price of accommodation, but we chose the hotel that the conference

was

held

for

our

safety

and

convenience.

Last,

were

issued

international student ID card. July 4 After all preparations, we met at the Incheon International Airport around 2 o’clock on July 4th. We ate burgers for lunch and went through the departure process. After that we looked around duty free stores. Though the flight was quite long about 12 hours, we have never been to The States so we were excited. Later, the in-flight meal was served. The meal was tenderloin steak, but the meat was slightly tough like our food ‘jangjorim’. Then we watched several movies and slept. We woke up and ate ‘mukbab’ as a breakfast, and then reached LA international airport after a while. After clearing customs, we went to the information desk for finding our way to the Korean inn. We asked for directions, and then the staff realized that we were Korean and she informed way to us in Korean. This make us sure that there are lots of Korean in LA. We used the subway to go to the inn. The subway service in LA is called metro and it wasn’t very hard to navigate. It was similar to the subway in Busan or Daegu. Then, we reached Korean town. There were lots of signs which were written in Korean. So, we felt like we are in countryside of Korea. We checked in and bought some food in Korean mart. Food was cheaper than ours, especially fruit, so we bought some fruit. We returned and made kimchi stew with pork, and then ate it. Then we feel asleep because of very long flight and jet lag. July 5 We got up at 8 AM and went to Universal studio Hollywood. They checked our bags quite closely and then we entered universal studio. Honestly, it was completely amazing and we were fascinated like children. On the outside, it was a cool special amusement park but each ride had its own character. For example, ‘Transformers: The

- 418 -

ride-3D’which was one of the most interesting rides allow us to experience an extra episode in 3D. When a missile flew toward us, it was hot so we felt that it was real. Contrastively, ‘Water world’ had some stuntmen played out the main scenes in the film and it showed Figure 1. unversal studio

brilliant actions and awesome effects. As you know from the film name, the background

was on water so we were completely soaked. But when the bomb was blowing up, it was really hot. Although we were soaked and ached all over for few days, we were really having fun and got nice memories. In this day, the best thing we did was that we went to universal studio early because there were full of people afternoon. People were packed like sardine. As the result, they had to wait for their turn for a long time maximum 120 minutes. However, universal studio didn’t allow us to feel board during waiting for the order in a queue. For example, they installed televisions which showed animations or films. Lastly, what we felt was civic consciousness. It may be just family unit, they did never fret and observed the rules and enjoy the situation, although it was sultry. We thought that it was difference between Koreans and Americans.

July 6 We heard about the hamburger at ‘In-n-out’ so we decided to go there. We used a bus and subway to get there. The sun that day was very strong, so we tanned a lot. Then we knew we needed stronger sunblock. The climate of LA is very dry, so shadows were cool in spite of strong sunlight. Therefore we find shadows and reached ‘In-n-out’. Their main characteristic is that their ingredients are very fresh. We thought that made a distinctive taste. After lunch, we walked around and looked at the shops. That day we realized was that there were almost perfect assistant systems

- 419 -

for disabled and seniors. Every public transfers have assistant boarding machine of which there are very few in our country. So we thought this America is a really developed country. July 7 Today, we were to travel to Atlanta. Actually, we would go to the LAX the day before but the owner of the Korean Inn told us that LAX doesn’t open at night time. Therefore, we went to LAX in the morning. At the airport, a staff greeted us and spoke Korean language such as 안녕하세요, 오빠?, 남자친구? and 여자친구?. One of us forgot to bring her passport but she can pass with her international student ID card and credit card. It was a good thing. We had to transfer to another flight in Phoenix so we had lunch in Pizza Hut. Phoenix is the center of desert and the air-conditioning in the airport was too strong, so the temperature difference between the outside and inside was really huge. After arriving at Atlanta, we wanted to find our baggage but itwas too hard to find the baggage claim. A woman who asked us confused as well. The journey was quite stressful and tiring, hence we made a decision to stay at the Hilton Airport North. It was quite early to go to bad but we had dinner and fell fast asleep, because we were in a hurry from early morning.

July 8 The professor and graduated students arrived at Atlanta. We had breakfast simply and went to Hyatt Regency where the conference was held. Hayatt regency is located in midtown near Peachtree streets station, so public transportation was convenient and public safety was good. Actually, there were nothing special on this day. We just joined professor and graduated students. We had lunch with graduate students in a restaurant. The restaurant’s name was Hard Rock which was one of the famous restaurants in USA like outback steak in Korea. We ate homemade hamburgers and chicken BBQ. The food was nice.

- 420 -

July 9 Attending a conference for the first time was very different to us, so we wondered how it would go. After the welcome speech, George white sides professor’s lecture started. The topic was ‘Charge transport across self-assembled monolayers’. The conference schedule was planned to include broad topics during the early morning and narrow topics were for the afternoon. So, this was a broad topic and lecture used 3 whole halls. There were almost no seats and then we realized this conference was quite popular. After the lecture we had a coffee break. At this time, lots of people took with others. So we realized the conference’s function was not only for academic purposes but also as a great meeting place. The next lectures were held in a smaller hall with more narrow topics. It was hard to understand continued lectures because topics required more specialized knowledge. So we thought that we needed to study more to understand these lectures. Lunch was provided and the noon lectures, poster session was opened. It was hard to catch up with the lectures because the lectures were presentations with speech and slides. However, the posters were fixed so we could see posters with our own pace. That made us to have more time on poster session and saw more. Also there was another difference between the poster session and lecture. That is lectures were mostly done by professors but there were lots of posters made by graduate students.

July 10 The first main speaker was Professor Heeger who was the advisor of my advisor. He presented about small-molecule solar cells. My advisor promised we could take a picture with Professor Heeger, but we couldn’t because he looked really busy. When I saw him in the hotel lobby, I could see him in the presentation room after a while. As thing turned out, the equipment in our lab is same as Professor Heeger’s. Actually, each of us was interested in slightly different field, so we scattered. One of us went to theory part which explained to structure, process, mechanism something

- 421 -

like that, another went to OPVs (Organic PhotoVoltaic Solar cells) part which the main trend was the tandem structure. The other was interested in synthesis of material. There were not interesting presentations after lunch, so we went to shopping with graduated students. The mall is located near Lenox station. It was pretty big and the prices were quite reasonable. We thought we spent a lot of money at the mall. During the reception, there was a funny situation. One of us went to a bartender to get some alcohol, the bartender demanded her ID card. It was really funny. Without knowing why, but we thought he was a pleasant person and she looked too young. The most interesting poster was about inverted structure cells of which the efficiency was over 8%. In general, it was difficult to fabricate inverted structure cells to get high efficiency over 8%. There were many people and we couldn’t see the poster very well, it was amazing.

July 11 On this day, there were not many attractive lectures and the schedule had the lectures ending early, so we had an aquarium tour and

banquet.

gave

this

day’s

lectures and made a decision to go to tourist attractions. First where we went was the CNN Figure 2. Banquet

head office. We were surprised that the head office is placed in Atlanta. We followed tour

guide and saw how news are made and send to us. After that we went to ‘World of Coca Cola’. It made us also surprised that Coca Cola’s head office was in Atlanta too. Attractions at the ‘World of Coca Cola’ targeted kids so we were a little disappointed. But there was attraction that provides Coca Cola’s productions all around world. There were differences between all the drinks and that was interesting. We went to aquarium provided by conference host after our planned schedule. The tour schedule was about an hour so we saw adequately, and decided to return in few days and

- 422 -

then banquet was served in hall in aquarium. However, the taste of the food wasn’t great. July 12 Today, we went shopping at Prime Outlet with professors. In fact, we didn’t have the plan to go to shopping in that day but we did, because the rental cars had exactly 3 seats and professors asked usif we would go to shopping with them. The first destination was Costco. Inside was totally the same as the Korean one. They bought various nutritional supplements. Prime outlet was really large. Anyway, the price was really cheap and we knew why people go to USA for shopping for the first time. Professors bought many shirts and shoes and we bought many gift for family. Finally, we went to Korean town and had dinner. Actually, it was nice.

July 13 In the morning, the professors and graduate students left to Korea and we moved on to the airport motel. We went the Atlanta Zoo. It was a sunny day and the animals didn’t come out in the shade. We went there late so we couldn’t see the animals relaxed. However, we Figure 3. Zoo Atlanta

could see a panda. The panda was the most

famous panda named Po from Kung-Fu panda. The panda was really cute. For dinner, we went to restaurant named Ruby Tuesday near our hotel. Because of many international people, the food was not salty and the staff was friendly and kind.

July 14 On the last day in Atlanta, we went to the Georgia aquarium again. This aquarium is world’s largest aquarium that made us go again though we went there on Wednesday. The accommodation was far from downtown, it takes more time to go

- 423 -

there. However, we got a 7-day pass on first day on Atlanta, so we went there and transferred easily. It was Sunday so there were lots of people. After long waiting time, finally we entered the aquarium. Because we have more time today, we saw all things slowly and carefully. The most attractive thing was that it seemed like tunnel under the ocean. This made us feel like we were under the sea. And one side of whole wall made of acryl, very huge size of ocean window was Figure 4. Aquarium

there. There were two places that explained everything.

was

colorful

and

beautiful, we preferred the one with tropical fishes. What we were sorry about was that we couldnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t see the dolphin show because its seats were full.

July 15 After our schedule in Atlanta, we came back to LA. Although the flight was within the same country, there was about a 4 hour time difference and we were tired. We just ate dinner and rested.

July 16 We woke up late and went to the Metro. We went

sightseeing

downtown

and

form

little

looked

Tokyo

around

Ralphs

which is a big mart like Emart and Homeplus. We took the purple line Metro to go to the civic center and we walked to little Tokyo Figure 5. Little Tokyo

seeing tall buildings. In a restaurant, there

might have a filming because there were many police and handsome people. We want to watch a scene but nobody else did so we quickened our steps. Little Tokyo had economically struggled for about two years so we couldnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t see a very vibrant

- 424 -

scene. There was a Japanese mart which sold many bento and Japanese food. The interesting thing in this day was an outdoor class of second or third generation Japanese-Americans. A teacher recommended natto to the students and said Natto is real Japanese food, but they frowned upon the bad smell. After a while, they were shouting sushi was the best food in the world. We got out of little Tokyo and walked along main street. It was amazing. Actually, we didn’t go to New York so we couldn’t imagine the skyscrapers but it was enough and enough. It seemed to us to be in a film. However, park in downtown wasn’t really good. It was the place of many homeless and poor boys so many police wandered around the park and kept an eye on them. We had lunch at Chipotle which was a Mexican fast food restaurant. It was good because it was spicy and large portion but it was noisy and quite expensive for a person. And then we went to our final destination, Ralphs. The price was reasonable but if we had a membership, we could buy food cheaper.

July 17 We wanted to go to UCLA and Beverly Hills and Hollywood but the owner of Korean Inntold us it was hard to make journey, so we just walked. UCLA was awesome, really beautiful and huge so we almost lost the way in the university. It strongly hinted at a blue-brick university. Along a path, there were many kinds of stores. We took the 720 bus and arrived in Beverly Hills. There were so many luxury items to take pictures. We were overcome by the atmosphere. But it was really beautiful. When we went to Rodeo Drive, many people flocked to the Lamborghini sports car. In Hollywood, the white signboard which showed Hollywood was just something to watch. After we came back to the accommodation, rooms were full so the owner give everyone pork belly. July 18 On our last day in America, we couldn’t make decisions about where to go. Then we

- 425 -

heard about Santa Monica beach. People at the Korean inn recommended there, so we decided to go there last. We went there using a bus, and it took about an hour. But we felt that we have some motion sickness, we got off the bus early and walk to there. That day was a little cloudy, so it was good to walk. After a while, we met the market place like our 5-day-market and there were lots of people. We donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t know that was festival or not but it was good to see how Americans live. We reached the beach but there werenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t many people on the beach. We thought that day was not sunny so the wind was quite cool. We told that the people resting on the bench, they were actually homeless and they were not American. We felt sorry about that there were lots of homeless people. Though America is a developed country, there were lots of homeless and jobless and it seems like a big problem.

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IAESTE Internship Program

- 427 -

□ Name: Kim, Se Yang (Rlatpdid23@naver.com) □ Host University: Vrije Universiteit Brussel □ Participating Program: IAESTE Internship Program □ Study Period: July 9 ~ August 31, 2012

Analysis about Ni catalysts as an Electro-Catalyst for Nitrobenzene reduction. S. Kima, B. Woutersb and P. Steegstrab a

Department of Advanced Material Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science

and Technology, Republic of Korea b

Department of Electrochemical Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium

17 August 2012 1.

Introduction

Nitrobenzene has multiple mechanism steps in the reduction. Nitrobenzene is reduced to phenyl hydroxylamine, and then reduced to the aniline. Nowadays aniline is useful in many aspects. Especially, it is necessary to synthesize ‘indigo’ dye. In addition, it is useful for synthesizing polyurethane resin. Like this, aniline is important, so the method to make aniline is an important topic also. To make the reduction of the nitrobenzene much faster or easier, we can think the electro-catalytic reaction. Especially, we want to find about the possibility of the representative three Ni catalysts

(Ni/AC

H2,

Ni/AC

NaBH4,

and

Ni/NWNT)as

electro-catalysts

about

nitrobenzene reduction for use in a cogeneration fuel cell. 2.

Experimental

2.1

Ink

The ink was prepared by combination of the catalyst and solvent (1% polystyrene in toluene). 0.0080g of catalyst powder was put into the bottle first and 0.300ml of

- 429 -

toluene

also.

After

that,

the

bottle

was

sonicated

for

hour

make

homogeneous ink 2.2

Working Electrodes

At first, to improve the interaction between electrode surface and catalyst ink, the absolute cleaned electrode was put in the oven, set to 50â&#x201E;&#x192;, for 15min. After increasing the temperature of the electrode, 0.005ml of the ink was dropped carefully on the electrode using a micropipette to prevent the ink from spreading outside of the active area. 2.3 General experimental The experiments were basically conducted in a three electrode cell including a platinum counter electrode, reference electrode (Ag/AgCl saturated LiCl in ethanol, 127mV vs. NHE), and working electrode prepared from the above step. The potential of the reference electrode was checked against Ag/AgCl (saturated KCl). To obtain I-V curves for different rotation speeds, an autolab potentio stat (PGSTAT 302N) was used as the measuring equipment. Before starting each experiment the electrolyte was bubbled with nitrogen to remove oxygen from the electrolyte. Electrochemical results are sensitive so care was taken to clean up all of the equipment by using absolute ethanol before starting the measurement, and equipment was set up in a Faraday cage. The cell was filled up with 50ml of 0.2M LiClO4/ethanol electrolyte. The temperature of the cell was maintained at 25â&#x201E;&#x192; using a thermostatic bath. After finishing these basic setting, measurements were performed in steps. First, an LSV (Linear Sweep Voltammetry) of the background was measured. Next, nitrobenzene 0.0256ml (5mM) was added followed by LSV. Then another LSV was measured after addition of HClO4 0.0644ml (15mM). After these steps, the electrolyte was changed to a 0.3M HClO4/ethanol solution which was first bubbled with nitrogen. Then the LSVs were measured before and after adding nitrobenzene. In all experiments, the rotation

- 430 -

speeds was changed to 1500, 1000, and 500 rpm. But the background measurement was done three times at a rotation speed of 500rpm. Because the background is the step for subtracting from the measured value to get pure effect of oxidation of the nitrobenzene and it doesnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t contain the factor for affecting to the mass transport, it only depends on the potential, not on the rotation speed. 3.

Results and Discussion

[Fig. 1] I-V plot of each step in GC28 (Ni/MWNT) at 500rpm From [Fig.1], each step had a change by adding nitrobenzene and acid. At first, in the background measurement, we can see the current becomes more negative with potential change as generating the reduction of the ethanol. But sometimes small bumps are visible in the plot owing to not completely removing oxygen. After adding nitrobenzene into the background electrolyte, the reduction of the nitrobenzene is +

started with the H solved in the electrolyte as shown in the [Scheme 1].

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[Scheme 1] The reduction process of the nitrobenzene (Reproduced from Scheme 1 in [1]) The reduction is not a one step reaction as described in [Scheme 1], and that is also proved by several bumps visible in the plot [Fig. 1]. The step after adding nitrobenzene in [Fig. 1] showed two bumps and that can be accepted two slow reactions happen even if that section is quite short to recognize clearly. But you canâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t say just two reactions happen. Because in the case, fast reactions can be covered by the slow reactions or two steps can happen simultaneously, so in this experiment also have a possibility that another reactions happened. Then, by putting acid, the reduction becomes easy as shown in [Scheme 1]. So you can find an increase of the number of bumps and starting reduction earlier, which can be seen from the green and red line in [Fig. 1]. Unfortunately just using this experiment we cannot know which reaction happened in all reduction steps of nitrobenzene. Because that reaction does not always happen in order and make bump at the each step. But you can know that if you do other steps for example, by electrolyzing at the bump point and by using NMR to find the compounds dissolved in the electrolyte and you can assume which steps happened.

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[Fig. 2] The average onset potential of catalysts at 1500rpm after adding nitrobenzene

[Fig. 3]I-V plot of each catalyst after adding nitrobenzene at 500rpm The above [Fig. 2] was obtained by taking the average value of the onset potential of nitrobenzene reduction at 1500rpm for each catalyst in 0.2M LiClO4/ethanol electrolyte. The onset potential is the point at which the electrochemical reaction is started, which is selected at a â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;slope greater than 0.0001A/Vâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;. So we can say, by that definition, the less negative onset potential is, the more suitable the catalyst.

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According to [Fig. 2], the onset potentials of Ni/MWNT and Ni/AC H2 are worse than AC. The onset potential of Ni/AC NaBH4 also has just a small difference with AC. These results show these three catalysts have quite high over potential for the electro-catalytic reaction.

[Fig. 4] I-V plot of each Ni/MWNT samples at 1000rpm after adding nitrobenzene In the measurement of Ni/MWNT catalyst, the GC15 electrode sample showed quite lower current than the other two samples. [Fig. 4] shows this tendency. To figure out the reason, all of the experimental procedures and equipment were compared. Consequently, two samples were made at new electrodes and GC15 is made with an old electrode. That old electrode was oxidized, so that oxidized surface interrupted the conduction process. As a result, the resistance was increased and by Ohmâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s law (V=IR, V=voltage, I=current, R=resistance) current was decreased. Furthermore, this low current also becomes the problem in the onset potential. GC15 had quite lower current than the other two slopes, so the slope of the GC15 had negative value is natural in the same method to get the onset potential. When just comparing in the plots between GC15 and other two samples like [Fig. 5], we can see they have nearly the same tendencies in the graph and the onset potential.

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[Fig. 4] I-V plot of GC15, GC28 (Ni/MWNT)at each rotation speed when adding nitrobenzene

Conclusions

The experimental results show that these three catalysts Ni/AC H2, Ni/AC NaBH4, and Ni/NWNT are not suitable for the electro-catalytic reduction of nitrobenzene. Those commonly have a rather negative onset potential comparing to the catalysts consisted of Cu or Pt. In addition, the period of the bump sections after adding nitrobenzene and acid are too short to confirm the reduction reaction clearly. For these reasons, I recommend to use another catalyst, because so many even better catalysts exist in the world.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the "The International Association for the Exchange of Students for Technical Experience (IAESTE)" and "Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)" for financial support, and Xia Sheng for supplying the catalysts.

References

[1] J. Marquez and D. Pletcher, Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, 10 (1980) 567

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□ Name: Jeong, So Dam (Jsd4673@unist.ac.kr) □ Host University: Johannes Kepler Universitat Linz □ Participating Program: IAESTE Internship Program □ Study Period: July 1 ~ August 31, 2012

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