







We're excited to have you on board! Here's what you need to knowaboutus.
The Entrepreneurship Cell (E-Cell) atTCEisanorganizationthatserves as TCE Madurai's conduit to the world of business and entrepreneurship. Our function on the outside is to network and cultivate relationships that help us contribute positively to society by meansofentrepreneurialactivities
Internally,weexposethestudentsof TCEMaduraitothemanyfacetsof business and entrepreneurship, and help them become competent leaders, dynamic entrepreneurial thinkersandoverall,individualsthat add value to their environment in theirowndifferentways.
Terminal is E-Cell, TCE Madurai's official magazine that covers all things business, innovation, entrepreneurship,andtechnology It has a dedicated team of writers, marketersandeditorsbehinditthat endeavour to compile and present fascinatingeventsandhappeningsin
Onamonthlybasis,you,thereader will be informed about the most talked about topics in the above mentioned spaces, receive suggestions and recommendations for watching and reading material, experience the inner workings of someofthebiggestsuccessstoriesin business,readinterviewsandstories, form opinions on hotly debated issues, study insightful analysis pieces by our talented team of writers, travel through time to witnesssomeofthemostinfluential events in human history and much more,allforfree!
And we ' re only just getting started! In the coming months, you will receivepackagesofvaluableinsights straightintoyourinboxes.Allweask in return is that you introspect, discuss and share your thoughts about our stories with us and your peers, support our hard work by following us on our social media handles, and join us on this rocketship!
WishingyouaproductiveApriland lotsofhappyreading,
ShriKrishnaaVN PreethamMeenaakshiL President&VicePresident, E-CellTCEMDUCover Art: Keeping in view the theme of this issue, we used OpenAI's DALL-E 2 to generate this month's cover Prompt: "An array of computers in a dark room "
Most of the backgrounds you see in this issue are AIgenerated.
The advent of GPT models has taken the world by storm. What does the new OpenAI paper have to say about their effect on job markets?
"
...approximately 80% of the US workforce could have at least 10% of their work tasks affected by the introduction of GPTs."
" ... around 19% of workers may see at least 50% of their tasks impacted."
On March 21, 2023, researchers from OpenAI, OpenResearch, and the
University of Pennsylvania published a paper proclaiming that “GPTs are GPTs.” Their bold claim that Generative PreTrained Transformer (GPT) models qualify as General Purpose Technologies (GPTs) has left communities around the internet buzzing with discussion.
General Purpose Technologies are methods and discoveries that have such deep impacts on civilization that they completely alter the trajectory of human development Some examples include the discovery of fire, the invention of the wheel, the steam engine, and the internet.
The authors back their application to this highly exclusive club by conducting a forward looking analysis of the expected impact of Large Language Models
(LLMs) on the United States labour market.
Here, the authors specify that their analysis uses the terms “LLMs” and “GPTs” interchangeably This gives the paper a blanket-like property wherein GPTs and their derivative or complementary technologies are usually included in the set of actuators bringing about the impact. This, coupled with the fact that they call their analysis an “early look” allows them the convenience of being able to gaze far into the future while still using present-day market data. Across seven sections, the authors take us through a literature review, a summary of data collection and analysis methods, the results, a comparative analysis of the obtained measurements and earlier results, and some concluding remarks
An important supporting argument for the GPT claim is the creation of a virtuous cycle of LLM performance, wherein past a certain point, LLMs become capable enough to design and build the very structures that help in improving their quality. Engineering and design costs could come down subsequently, which would add to the compounding effect even further. A sufficient build-up of momentum would mean dizzying rates of model development thereafter –something which has experts and industry leaders
Adhitya Bhargava / Staff Contributor / @drdrownedd
worried. An open letter on the Future of Life Institute website calling for a six-month pause on development past current GPT capabilities has managed to collect tens of thousands of signatures, including those from figures such as Elon Musk, Steve Wozniak, and Yuval Noah Harari. All this would seem to suggest that the claim is not completely empty.
Fittingly, most of the discussion around this matter doesn’t concentrate on the GPT claim. Instead, it focuses on the part of the paper that lists “exposure” estimates for a variety of occupations The authors use an interesting set of parameters to measure exposure, to which a separate appendix is dedicated. An introductory section is followed by sections that contain plots, tables, and charts that source processed inputs from human analysts and GPT-4. In a recurring trend throughout the paper, human-processed data inputs and GPT’s own exposure estimates tend to agree most of the time.
okgoogle,what'sthegist?
The authors “define exposure as a proxy for potential economic impact without distinguishing between labour-augmenting or labour-displacing effects.” While media houses ignore this completely and continue to pursue an alarmist approach to the matter, it is important to recognize that exposure is a fickle variable. It might not be true that any particular occupation will be wiped clean of human workers post the automation wave, but at the same time, the human element might not survive completely unscathed either.
A common observation in automation research is that the jobs of workers that perform routine and repetitive tasks are at significantly greater risk than jobs that have a non-uniform task structure. This is all the more in the case of AI-driven displacement, because of its intrinsic nature to learn rapidly from environmental inputs and improve upon itself with each iteration. Increased efficiency in task chains means increased productivity overall. But AI-based systems need supervision and a higher level of operator skill in order to function. This points to a shifting of skill levels, rather than a reduction in the human workforce; human jobs will grow in skill demand rather than be wiped out.
as OpenAI CEO Sam Altman put it in a CBS News Exclusive interview:
A common observation in automation research is that the jobs of workers that perform routine and repetitive tasks are at risk significantly more than jobs that have a non-uniform task structure.
The paper acknowledges a few limitations in its method, some of which include the fact that:
A lack of occupational diversity in the group of human analysts may lead to impaired or biased judgement in the case of unfamiliar occupations
GPT-4 outputs are sensitive to prompt wording, level of detail and language style
There is a question about whether a taskbased breakdown of occupations, such as the one followed in the paper really is the best way to conduct an exposure analysis. The forward-looking nature of the paper is subject to volatility in future events, as the current analysis only considers data available today, and does not provide tolerances for future uncertainty.
We reach a sort of neutral conclusion somewhere in the middle, with the authors allowing that “[GPT’s] far-reaching consequences, which unfold over decades are difficult to anticipate, particularly in relation to labour demand.” It is tempting, but unnecessary to perform an in-depth scrutiny of the claim because time will ultimately tell all. This attitude does the job of redirecting our attention to the more pressing matter at hand: jobs.
Technology and AI-driven automation will ultimately result in a more meritocratic job market. Previously non-existent jobs will witness sky-high rates of competition as a consequence. It is all the more important, therefore that professionals make change their only constant. As the old adage goes, "Those who do not move, do not notice their chains."
When exams aren't around the corner, you can find him studying history and economics or watching F1 races on Sunday. He is fascinated by too many things for his own good; AI is one among them. You can hit him up if you want to collaborate on interesting projects or if you simply want to have a good chat adhityab38@gmail
[GPT] will eliminate a lot of current jobs, true. But we can make much better ones.
AI really went Harder, Better, Faster, Stronger. Could the Kauravas keep up?
Raghul R / Staff Contributor / @raaggghuulll“Well, well, a trip to Hastinapura sounds…...exhausting. Do they have Starbucks? I can really go for a latte”, Lord Krishna said as he entered the room. “I won’t mind a Costa too….”, he said silently. He loved his lattes
“Sure they do, sir Can I set one up? They would love having you over there”, the AI asked him
Krishna made his way to the chairs and sat down, relaxing. Once this all is over, he would name his new toy. He just couldn’t think of one, sadly.
“So, what’s your say on my trip?”, the Lord asked.
“As per my calculations: a certain failure.”, the system replied
“Then the latte better be good ”
“Based on current data, there's a 60% chance of success.”, the AI stopped before continuing. It really expected him to take in all the risks and rewards. “Analysis indicates that incorporating emotional intelligence and empathetic communication strategies in your interactions with the Kauravas can increase the probability of success by 20%.
Additionally, leveraging your personal relationships with key decision-makers can yield a 10% further success rate.”
“It’s getting stuffy. Punch the AC, man”, Krishna said as he cringed at the word He can’t keep on using ‘Dude’ and ‘Man’; he has to come up with something
Moving towards a table located at the distant corner of the room, he jumped over it and landed on the other side. Upon reaching the table, he observed that it was loaded with bows beneath it. As he took one of them in his hand, he couldn't help but admire its intricate design and workmanship.
“The bow is made of Nitrillium, and is highly resistant to corrosion and fatigue. It’s lightweight and has excellent tensile strength.”, the AI spoke out, responding to Krishna’s expression
“Stack up the party”
“Sure thing, sir”, the AI replied, as target boards appeared on the opposite, all holographic. The Lord twanged the bowstring, only for a holographic arrow to appear, which he drew and released for it to hit the target, dead centre.
“The heat on me?”
“Chances that the mission results in violence, either against you personally or against your retinue amount to 32% Thus, I would greatly advise you not to take the trip ”
Bullseye
“Duryodhana openly speaks of conflict and war With the loyalty and the moral debts he has pitched to himself, the elders swaying to justice and your word, is highly improbable”
Spot on
“What about the war itself?”
“Unfortunately, my calculations result in a negative outcome The war will come Millions will die Blood would be shed across the great lands, stained by treachery and injustice, and many great men will die ”
“What about me? Will I die?”, Krishna asked as he made his last shot Once again, the arrow struck the centre
“A perfect set!”, the system announced, its voice booming across the room as it died down at the silence caused by the question asked. He turned to face the system itself.
When he found out all of life is just a few lines of music, he could feel himself getting humble and open to knowledge Now he's an avid reader, an aspiring producer, art enthusiast and a pure Redditor at heart The times when he calls it free, he would be arguing with strangers online, or ravaging the beach side on GTA Sometimes, both Such kind of jobs require no thinking.
His name is Raghul. But everyone calls him Rahul.
“I can’t answer that, sir ”
“Does the reply matter? Does it, in any way, change the outcome?”, the Lord asked, as he set down the bow, and approached the screens
“I’m afraid I can’t answer that too, sir All I can wish you is luck, for I sense you have already made up your mind to take the trip ”
“Yes. I’ve decided to.”, Krishna replied as he prepared to leave.
“Sir ” , the AI called him “The pumpkin spice costs $6 45 Make sure you pack up ”
“You got it ” , the Lord said as he left the room
"AI's race dynamics are a ticking time bomb!" screams an open letter. Let's take a closer look at its contents.
Badrappan / Staff Contributor / @gokulforsure"
... The letter warns that such AI systems pose profound risks to humanity, such as spreading misinformation, replacing human jobs, and escaping human control."
"
... We hope that this open letter will serve as a wake-up call for the AI community and society at large."
TThe Pause Letter, signed by over 2400 tech leaders and researchers, including Elon Musk and Steve Wozniak, is a call
for a six-month pause on the training of AI models. The aim of the letter is to refocus AI research and development towards improving the accuracy, safety, transparency of existing state-of-the-art AI systems
The letter urges all AI labs to immediately halt the training of AI models more powerful than GPT-4, which is the newest language model created by OpenAI. GPT-4 has the ability to hold human-like conversations, compose songs, and summarize lengthy documents As the most powerful AI model available to the public, it can change the tonality of responses according to the user’s request, handle complex inputs, and perform various tasks with human-level performance on academic and professional benchmarks.
However, the letter warns that such advanced AI systems pose significant risks to humanity, such as spreading misinformation, replacing human jobs, and being beyond human control. Therefore, the letter urges AI labs to collaborate in developing and implementing safety protocols for advanced AI design and development that are overseen by independent experts. The letter also calls on AI developers to work with governments to establish governance systems for AI
The aim of the letter is to refocus AI research and development towards improving the accuracy, safety, interpretability, transparency, robustness and alignment of existing state-of-the-art AI systems.
The Pause Letter has garnered attention and support from a diverse group of cosignatories, including Emad Mostaque, the CEO of Stability AI, researchers from
"We call on all AI labs to immediately pause for at least 6 months the training of AI systems more powerful than GPT-4.”
GokulAlphabet-owned Deepmind, renowned AI expert Yoshua Bengio, and Stuart Russell, a specialist in the field of people and AI. The extensive experience and expertise of the signatories have lent considerable weight to the letter, making it a must-read for anyone interested in the future of AI
As an unidentified tech leader points out, the open letter is not against general AI research and innovation but against the dangerous race to create and deploy AI systems that are beyond human understanding and control. The letter argues that powerful AI systems should only be developed once we are confident that their effects will be positive and risks manageable. While not perfect, the spirit of the letter is right.
The letter raises important questions about the development of AI, including whether we should allow machines to spread propaganda and untruths, automate away all jobs, develop nonhuman minds that could eventually outnumber, outsmart, and replace us, and risk losing control of our civilization However, the letter has also faced criticism. Some researchers cited in the letter have voiced concerns about the use of their work, while some signatories have been revealed to be fake or unsupportive Additionally, critics have accused the letter of prioritizing hypothetical scenarios over more immediate concerns about AI ethics and bias.
The guy, Gokul B(aymax), showcases exceptional creativity, is gadget-geeky and has aspirations in stock market and the startup space.
On his free time, you can find him reflecting deeply on life with eccentrics alike, sipping away tea like there is no tomorrow.
Gokul Badrappangokul0880@gmail com
“
...And we must ask ourselves: Should we let machines flood our information channels with propaganda and untruth? Should we automate away all the jobs, including the fulfilling ones? Should we develop nonhuman minds that might eventually outnumber, outsmart, obsolete and replace us? Should we risk loss of control of our civilization?”
Ed-tech and e-commerce are two of India's favourite market domains. But entrepreneurs need to take a deeper look before diving into them.
Sai Siddharth S / Staff Contributor / @itssidd.exeMeesho was founded by Vidit Aatrey and Sanjeev Barnwal in 2015, with its valuation currently standing at USD 4.1 Bn. The social commerce platform makes money through its monetization construct, that is, seller ads. Meesho claims to have over 68 million product listings across 30 categories on its platform.
The worldwide ed-tech market is expected to increase from its 2021 valuation of USD 74.2 Bn to
USD 288.4 Bn by 2031, representing a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 14.5%. India took this a little too headon which made rising entrepreneurs in various domains jump or try to get into edtech.
More than 700 individual ed-tech startups have been established and more than 450+ have not yet generated their first million, then how do you expect the market cap to increase by three times as stated?
The market is dominated by BYJUs in India with its valuation standing at US$22Bn
Rising ed-tech startups like BlueLearn totally underestimated the return on the future of the company They got one thing immediately, which was funding at the initial stage even before building the actual product, but the question of whether they will prevail remains BYJUs did a ton of marketing, spending millions of dollars on advertising, and gained the confidence of the Indian middle class. As Indians we know the magnitude of spending money, we tend to think a lot even before spending as little as $12. Why some of us spent around a hundred times that amount is a brilliant question to
across the globe are showing promising results and the humongous task of making people believe in the money they spend online is cleared by the current unicorns of ed-tech.
When it comes to e-commerce have you ever thought about why we don’t prefer Flipkart and Snapdeal over Amazon? This winner takes all strategy among companies made them give discounts that they couldn't afford. Deep discounts have been the biggest attraction of Indian eretailers over the last few years, with the focus solely being on growth. Every online retailer has spent heavily to fund discounts to win customers. In March 2015, the cumulative loss of Flipkart and Snapdeal stood at USD 488 Mn with Flipkart posting a loss of USD 244 Mn and Snapdeal reporting a loss of USD 162 Mn. Everybody agrees the fundamentals of e-commerce in India are very strong Every other report brings on huge growth and market size figures. True, e-commerce currently only accounts for 2% of the total market, and there is enough room for growth.
This statement was on point according to me. The ‘room’ was correctly understood and implemented by Meesho. The Bangalore-based company does not charge anything from its sellers to list and sell on its platform, and one wonders how Meesho makes money. The social commerce platform makes money through its monetization construct, that is, seller ads. Meesho claims to have over 68 million product listings across 30 categories on its platform.
Meesho was founded by Vidit Aatrey and Sanjeev Barnwal in 2015, with its valuation currently standing at USD
Flipkart tone down their expectations, they could build fabulous businesses.
4.1 Bn. Ajio.com made it public on the 4th of April that they are also adapting to this socalled new way of getting sellers and customers.
The sole reason to bring up these startups to the readers of Terminal is to inform them of the decisions being made with a sense of urgency and free will. The demand and supply chain are underestimated when it comes to ed-tech and e-commerce So, if you are thinking of starting a company in these domains, do your research, determine your audience, have a strong mission, know your competitors, put together a business plan, time it correctly, and choose your mentors wisely.
And strap on, because you're in for a once-ina-lifetime experience that is experienced by only 0.0078% of the world.
Siddharth is a nerd of space
Whether it has to do with rockets, technology or the startup ecosystem in India and around the world, you can find his mark. After his retirement from professional basketball in 2021, you can find him listening to hip-hop or watching Formula 1 in his free time.
siddharthaerospace@gmail
Shoes have been around forever, and this was the case when Nike first started out. Even with giant competitors on their heels, why did they make it?
Raghul R / Staff Contributor / @raaggghuulllNike’s products have revolutionized the way athletes train and perform, from
the iconic Air Jordan sneakers to the sleek and high-performance Nike Pro apparel, the company found early that it wasn’t anything Yeezy with Ye. Or the Kardashians though.
The inception of their success can be traced to their interesting capitalism on the American Sports and Hip-hop subculture. The way Nike associated itself as the staple product array for the subculture is a single representation of the impact the company had already begun to create in its everdiversified user base. Every company has to start somewhere, and Nike found the best possible place to begin.
What really worked for them was the very idea of making athletes of a sport bigger than the sport itself, a brand, and associating themselves with it. The game glorifies the athletes that build recognition around it, and Nike always seems to hold the centre. Whether it’s Ronaldo or Mbappe, Agassi or Federer, Woods or
McIlroy, its premier establishment of partnerships with athletes and its
unwavering loyalty makes it a brand that a customer can trust and feel connected to.
What Nike makes aren’t plain products; they are merchandises that encourage people to participate in sports.
Their goods are significantly reliant on the age-old
give back to society. Their partnering with organizations that reach out to underprivileged youth gives them a solid stance in creating a sustainable and equal chance at the future for every kid and teen out there.
What Nike has caught up early on is the technology wave that’s crashing every inch of the humanspace now- their embracing technology to create personalized experiences for its customers is a great way of social reach. NikePlus is still the greatest piece of sports software I’ve ever witnessed; it’s far better than any other track app out there Fire up the app once you get on the track, and its distinguished metrics will show you how good its results are compared to any other app out there. From their Nike FuelBand to augmented reality technology that allows its customers to try on shoes virtually, Nike’s own niche in the tech space is commendable.
With Nike delivering great justice to its namesake, the Greek goddess of Victory, they bring inspiration and innovation to every athlete in the world. As their mission statement declares, they are driven to do everything possible to expand human poten-
which is the brand’s core, and it’s exactly what buyers want when they buy a pair of Nikes Well, not my pair of Yeezys,
brand’s quality, inventiveness and prominence, but it works if it works for every other person.
Along with these diverse interactions, marketing strategies through great endorsement deals and the product quality as a name itself, they are certainly committed to
-tial by creating groundbreaking sports innovations, making their products more sustainable, and fostering a positive impact in the communities they live and work.
When he found out all of life is just a few lines of music, he could feel himself getting humble and open to knowledge Now he's an avid reader, an aspiring producer, art enthusiast and a pure Redditor at heart The times when he calls it free, he would be arguing with strangers online, or ravaging the beach side on GTA. Sometimes, both. Such kind of jobs require no thinking.
His name is Raghul. But everyone calls him Rahul
Raghul R
raghulr@student.tce.edu
The suicide terrorist attack carried out by the militant Islamist Al-Qaeda changed the world's perception of terrorism Nearly 3000 people lost their lives and this event created a lasting impact, affecting all people and nations.
The financial crisis of 2008 had a significant impact on the global economy, leading to job losses, foreclosures, and bankruptcies. 2008
China became a major player in international trade and politics, all thanks to its rapid economic growth due to infrastructure development, trade liberalization and industrialization
The aftermath of 2008 attack on Taj Hotel was on various levels, like the tourism sector got a severe blow. It fueled the Indo-Pak tensions. All these, put the Indian economy on the downfall 2008
The emergence of cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin has created new opportunities for decentralized and secure transactions. It has also led to new concerns about regulation and financial stability
So keep washing those hands, keep wearing those masks.
But let's be real, the impact of these touch smartphones is undeniable We can now do things like ordering food, booking travel, and even finding love (at least find a date) all from the comfort of our touchscreens 2007
The launch of the European Union and the Euro was a bold move that brought Europe a little closer together and gave us pretty interesting coins to collect!
Hurricane Katrina Katrina didn't just leave a physical mess – she left an emotional one too. People lost their homes, their possessions, and in some cases, their loved ones And while the rest of the world watched on in horror, they also came together to help in any way they could, from donating money to sending supplies
The conflict has created political instability in the Middle East and around the world The refugee crisis has also created social, economic, and political challenges for countries around the world
The only thing hotter than the Earth right now is the debate over whether climate change is real Remember, climate change is a global issue that requires action at all levels!
Artificial intelligence has the potential to automate tasks, improve healthcare, and enhance our quality of lives But, AI is like the Terminator, except it won't try to kill us...unless we program it to.
The overthrow of Saddam Hussein resulted in a power vacuum in Iraq, which led to political instability and conflict that has persisted for years and had far-reaching consequences that continue to impact the Middle East and the world today.
The rise of Barack Obama
Barack Obama's election as the first Black president of the United States in 2008 was a historic moment that inspired hope and brought about significant changes in the country
The conflict has strained relations between Russia and Western countries, leading to economic sanctions and diplomatic isolation. It is hindering the country's development and contributing to ongoing tensions between Ukraine and Russia
It has disrupted trade relationships, caused political division, and raised concerns about immigration and freedom of movement. Its impact continues to be felt both in the UK and the EU. Britain was a member in the EU since 1973, a point to be noted
So, a group of Google engineers got together and said, "You know what we need? We need an email service that's fast, reliable, and easy to use. And while we ' re at it, let's throw in some features that nobody knew they needed, like unlimited storage and a ' spam ' button."
The US invasion of Afghanistan began in 2001 in response to the 9/11 terrorist attacks. The conflict has lasted for over two decades, making it the longest war in US history.
The success of Avatar's VFX has had a lasting impact on the film industry, inspiring new advancements in motion capture, 3D technology, and virtual production techniques.
In 2014, Russia annexed Crimea, a peninsula previously belonging to Ukraine. This sparked international condemnation and led to economic sanctions being imposed on Russia
The dot-com bubble was a period of rapid growth and speculation in the technology sector in the late 1990s and early 2000s. investors poured vast amounts of money into companies with little or no profits.
The guy, Gokul B(aymax), showcases exceptional creativity, is gadget-geeky and has aspirations in stock market and the startup space
On his free time, you can find him reflecting deeply on life with eccentrics alike, sipping away tea like there is no tomorrow.
Gokul BadrappanIMDb 7.6/10
Based on the book Moneyball: The Art of Winning an Unfair Game by Michael Lewis, this movie follows the story of baseball manager Billy Beane as he leads the Oakland Athletics through their 2002 Major League season Constrained by a measly budget and gutted by the loss of his three best players, Billy Beane goes on to outperform most of the heavyweights that season and win a record 20 consecutive games, all because of a revolutionary scouting method that picks players purely based on their on-base percentages. If you love a good underdog story, this is the movie for you.
IMDb 7.6/10
A much-needed alarm bell that outlines the dangers and risks associated with social networking sites and apps, this documentary features experts from Silicon Valley companies such as Facebook, regulatory representatives, academicians and researchers who come together to expose the data manipulation methods used by Big Tech to hook and farm the internet's greatest resource: a user's time and attention. If you are in the mood for a reality check, this should definitely go in your watchlist
TV Series / Hindi / 2015
IMDb 9.1/10
If you're active in the start-up space and haven't come across some reference to Pitchers yet, then it's safe to say you've been living under a rock. The series that took the Indian small screen by storm in 2015 is back for its second season. Pitchers follows a team of engineering graduates who, after leaving their frustrating office jobs, take the leap and establish their own start-up company. Along the course of their journey through uncharted territories, they face ups and downs and make sacrifices for their dreams, all depicted in a comedic tone throughout in TVF's signature style. If you want to laugh, cry, and listen to iconic dialogues (courtesy TVF's excellent writing team), try this on.