Defence Industry Reports - Advances in Bullet Resistant Glass for Military Vehicles by Global Business Media

SPECIAL REPORT

Advances in Bullet Resistant Glass and Periscopes for Military Vehicles

GUS Glass and Safety Maximum Safety at Minimum Weight The Evolution of Ballistics Glass Demanding and Dangerous: The Battlefield of the Future Why the Army Needs to Invest in New Technology Advances in Military Periscopes

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Published by Global Business Media

SPECIAL REPORT: ADVANCES IN BULLET RESISTANT GLASS AND PERISCOPES FOR MILITARY VEHICLES

SPECIAL REPORT

Advances in Bullet Resistant Glass and Periscopes for Military Vehicles

Contents

Foreword 2 Tom Cropper, Editor

GUS Glass and Safety - Maximum Safety at Minimum Weight

GuS Glass + Safety GmbH & Co. KG Sponsored by

International Certified Bullet-Resistant Glass for All-Weather Conditions Published by Global Business Media

Glass Repair, an Efficient and Cost-Saving Solution

Published by Global Business Media

400 Types of Acrylic and Glass Periscopes for Armored Vehicles Worldwide

Global Business Media Limited 62 The Street Ashtead Surrey KT21 1AT United Kingdom

Additional Features of Gus Bullet-Resistant Windows and Periscopes

Switchboard: +44 (0)1737 850 939 Fax: +44 (0)1737 851 952 Email: info@globalbusinessmedia.org Website: www.globalbusinessmedia.org

Tom Cropper, Editor

Publisher Kevin Bell

One-Way Bulletproof Glass

Business Development Director Marie-Anne Brooks Editor Tom Cropper Senior Project Manager Steve Banks Advertising Executives Michael McCarthy Abigail Coombes Production Manager Paul Davies For further information visit: www.globalbusinessmedia.org

The Evolution of Ballistics Glass

The Development of Laminated Glass Next Generation Laminated Glass Into the Future

Demanding and Dangerous: 8 The Battlefield of the Future Jo Roth, Staff Writer

The Rise of High-Power Weapons Beyond Bullets Technical Advances

Why the Army Needs to Invest in New Technology 10 James Butler, Staff Writer

The opinions and views expressed in the editorial content in this publication are those of the authors alone and do not necessarily represent the views of any organisation with which they may be associated.

The Changing Nature of Combat

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Advances in Military Periscopes

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References 14

New Technology Performing a Cost Benefit Analysis

Tom Cropper, Editor

Durability of Solution Advances in Controls Flexible Solutions

Cover photo - USS AMERICA LHA6 (photo courtesy of Huntington Ingalls Industries) WWW.DEFENCEINDUSTRYREPORTS.COM | 1

SPECIAL REPORT: ADVANCES IN BULLET RESISTANT GLASS AND HELMET PERISCOPES FORLIGHTING MILITARYSOLUTIONS VEHICLES FOR MODERN MILITARY OPERATIONS NEXT GENERATION MOUNTED

Foreword I

t is perhaps a sign of the uncertain times in which

of new threats and different battlefield environments.

we live that demand for bulletproof glass is rising.

Equipment must be strong enough to withstand not

But while much of this comes from the domestic

just bullets but the rigors of use in the field. Sand,

market, the military is making moves as It seeks

heavy impacts, heat and extreme cold can all

to upgrade the levels of protection for its vehicles.

degrade the performance of glass. There is a need

Our opening article comes from one of the leading

for advanced technologies which can extend the

innovators in ballistics glass. GuS Glass and Safety

levels of protection on offer and expand lifespan in

has provided solutions for militaries around the world.

the harshest of environments.

They highlight the latest innovations which they are bringing to the market.

Finally, weâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ll focus on the rising market for periscopes. These are easy to overlook but perform

We then look at the development of bulletproof

a vital function. James Butler will look at how

glass from the early days at the beginning of the 20th

technology is developing and what factors should

century to the arrival of advanced laminated glass and

be taken into consideration when making a choice.

next generation composites.

Windows will always represent a vulnerability for the

Innovations like these are needed urgently. As Jo

army, and it is one which the enemy will target. Next

Roth explains, high powered ammunition is becoming

generation technologies promise to provide more

more accessible. The modern enemy is better

protection for everyone. It is imperative that the army

equipped, better prepared and more lethal than ever

is mindful of that fact.

before and vehicles will need to be better protected. The trouble is, the military has frequently been slow to change. All too often it is reacting to the demands

Tom Cropper Editor

Tom Cropper has produced articles and reports on various aspects of global business over the past 15 years. He has also worked as a copywriter for some of the largest corporations in the world, including ING, KPMG and the World Wildlife Fund.

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SPECIAL REPORT: ADVANCES IN BULLET RESISTANT GLASS AND PERISCOPES FOR MILITARY VEHICLES

GUS Glass and Safety - Maximum Safety at Minimum Weight GuS Glass + Safety GmbH & Co. KG

Innovative bullet-resistant glass windows and periscopes for your projects

FRAMED BULLET RESISTANT GLASS

US (GLASS and Safety) is a midsized family company that for almost 40 years has specialized in developing and manufacturing periscopes and bulletresistant glass for armored vehicles, which are distributed to German and international markets. Today 150 people work on an area of 9000m². Worldwide GuS is the only company producing bullet resistant glass AND periscopes. As an experienced international supplier of optical products, GuS has gained the recognition and satisfaction of customers, from important organizations such NATO and National armed forces from more than 50 countries, by providing quality through customized solutions that accomplish any project’s requirements. GuS has a unique product line that includes: Periscopes (M-series, Wisp-series, Special-series and vehicle-

specific periscopes), bullet-resistant glasses STANAG 1 – 4 and a certified repair service for bulletproof windows. The in-house R&D is an important central element at GuS to develop cutting-edge glass composites that save weight and increase protection. Therefore, GuS collaborates closely with research organizations such as Fraunhofer Institute, universities and various networks in order to meet emerging customers’ requirements

International Certified Bullet-Resistant Glass for All-Weather Conditions A key factor in GuS´s success is our own R+D department. Several technicians and engineers are constantly working on new products. For example, in the field of bullet resistant glass we managed to achieve significant weight reductions without losing protection. This is not WWW.DEFENCEINDUSTRYREPORTS.COM | 3

SPECIAL REPORT: ADVANCES IN BULLET RESISTANT GLASS AND PERISCOPES FOR MILITARY VEHICLES

The in-house R&D is an important central element at GuS to develop cuttingedge glass composites that save weight and increase protection

FOLDAWAY PERISCOPE WITH ADD-ON DISPLAY

only due to new compound designs, but also caused by new materials. GuS bullet-resistant windows are manufactured in accordance with the international Standards STANAG (Levels 1 – 4); BR classes of DIN EN 1063 or NIJ (0108.01) and they have been approved by the German Federal Bureau of Motor Vehicles and Drivers in accordance with German traffic regulations (StVZO). GuS bullet-resistant windows offer a light transmission above 75 percent, a wide temperature range, which allows them to be deployed internationally even under volatile climatic conditions, and different nominal thickness according to each STANAG specification. Stress simulations, environmental and optical tests are conducted at GuS in-house test labs in order to prove the product’s functionality and avoid production defects. Besides, GuS own heat-film enables it to be adapted to customer’s specifications. GuS bullet-resistant glasses are delivered in complete modules, which are mounted in a fully assembled state directly on 4 | WWW.DEFENCEINDUSTRYREPORTS.COM

the vehicle and they are compatible with night vision devices.

Glass Repair, an Efficient and Cost-Saving Solution GuS also provides certified repair methods for bullet resistant glass in order to reduce vehicle downtime and maintenance costs. Depending on the inspection result, GuS is offering different repair versions. This guarantees the best technical and commercial solution for the customer. Of course, repaired glasses have the same protection level as the original product.

400 Types of Acrylic and Glass Periscopes for Armored Vehicles Worldwide GuS is known for being one of the oldest and most recognized producers of OEM military periscopes, which are deployed in armored vehicles. GuS provides tank periscopes with glass and acrylic prisms that can be manufactured with diverse housing such as metallic,

SPECIAL REPORT: ADVANCES IN BULLET RESISTANT GLASS AND PERISCOPES FOR MILITARY VEHICLES

CLASSIC PERISCOPES

additional features such as three different laser filter variants, windows heating, UV protection, flap mirror systems, protection caps, blackout blinds and digital displays.

Additional Features of Gus Bullet-Resistant Windows and Periscopes GuS bullet-resistant glasses and tank periscopes can be equipped with several different additional features. According to customer´s specifications, we add laser filter, UV radiation protection, EMC shielding, increased stone-chip and scratch resistance, transparent window heating, antireflection coatings and tints. For more information about our products and services visit our website or contact one of our experts. We are glad to hear from you. CLASSIC PERISCOPE

Contact

ABS or extra-waterproof housing according to customer’s specifications. GuS has a wide range of more than 400 different periscopes including M-series, Wisp-series and vehiclespecific periscopes. GuS specialists select materials depending on the weight and optical requirements for the periscopes. These can be equipped with

GUS glass + safety GmbH & Co KG Daimlerstraße 1 D-32312 Lübbecke Germany Telephone +49 (0)5741 / 9003 0 Fax +49 (0)5741 / 9003 90 info@gus-germany.com www.gus-germany.com

GuS is known for being one of the oldest and most recognized producers of OEM military periscopes, which are deployed in armored vehicles

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SPECIAL REPORT: ADVANCES IN BULLET RESISTANT GLASS AND PERISCOPES FOR MILITARY VEHICLES

The Evolution of Ballistics Glass Tom Cropper, Editor

Traditional bullet-resistant laminated glass might have been replaced with plastic alternatives in recent years, but advanced versions of the technology are creating fresh opportunities.

Engineers laminated sheets of tempered glass building up layers which were several inches thick. They were incredibly heavy but were capable of deflecting bullets on the battlefield

DVANCED LAMINATED glass offers a lighter and stronger approach to ballistic protection. Developers have learned from the mistakes of the past to provide solutions designed for the rigors of real-life operations in the field. However, commanders will still want to know what these new advances can offer over and above what they already have at their disposal.

The Development of Laminated Glass The story of bullet-resistant glass began with an accident. In 1903 a French chemist Edouard Benedictus was working in his lab when he dropped a beaker coated in plastic nitrate. When it didnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t shatter into pieces, he investigated why and, in 1909, he patented laminated safety glass. His new brand of toughened glass consisted of two layers bonded together with celluloid.

Next Generation Laminated Glass Over the years, ballistic glass has evolved rapidly and been applied to a more diverse range of applications. Innovations include acrylics, which are used in a range of situations and can pass light almost perfectly. The material can be drilled, cut and slotted to form curved structures making it an ideal solution for buildings where looks and clarity are important. Systems can vary between level 1 which will stop three jacketed 9mm bullets to a level 2 system which will stop a bullet from a .357 Magnum. Polycarbonates are comparatively soft and will only pass 80% of the available light. They have a noticeable tint and can make for a gloomy interior. Thin materials can provide Level 1 protection while thicker options can extend to level 3, capable of stopping a .44 Magnum. Advances in these glasses can be made by combining sheets of polycarbonates with sheets 6 | WWW.DEFENCEINDUSTRYREPORTS.COM

of acrylics. This would take acrylics from Level 2 to Level 3, but it still doesnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t provide the Level 4 grade protection required for the military. For this, the army must look to a new twist on the old laminated glass technologies. Advanced laminated glasses are capable of stopping high performance weapons such as the AK47 and battlefield sniper rifles. This combination of thermoplastics, polycarbonate and laminated glass provides enhanced protection and also produces progressively thinner and lighter solutions. For daily security solutions, therefore, such as government or corporate buildings, acrylics and polycarbonates may be considered adequate, but when truly high performance materials are needed, next generation laminated glass is indispensable. This advanced technology has changed the game and made it possible to achieve top grade protection while also reducing weight. As such, the global resistant-proof glass market is booming. A report from Coherent Market Insights expects it to grow at almost 9% CAGR between 2019 and 20271. Rising crime and growing demand from the luxury car market are expected to fuel this growth, but there is are also likely to be growth from the military sector.

Into the Future In the quest to protect soldiers, the military is constantly evolving. Some of these developments have real potential, others will fall by the wayside, but they do make for eye catching headlines. For example, as one article in LiveScience suggests, soldiers in the future could be wearing bulletproof material made out of spider silk2. Meanwhile, sapphire gems could be used to make transparent armor. When bullets impact sapphire, they shatter on impact and could be used for windows in fighter jets, helicopters, ground vehicles and even face visors.

SPECIAL REPORT: ADVANCES IN BULLET RESISTANT GLASS AND PERISCOPES FOR MILITARY VEHICLES

FOLDAWAY PERISCOPE

Military bases or even schools could use this material. This would have the advantage of offering lighter weight along with enhanced stopping power. Proponents suggest gem sapphire-based windows would be 50% lighter and 50% smaller. They are also more abrasion resistant and will retain good visibility for longer than many conventional glass products. The ability to pulverize bullets on impact means that, potentially this material could protect against much more powerful ammunition such

as 50 caliber bullets, which are becoming more common on the battlefield3. The market is in a state of constant and rapid evolution. Advances in composites, new bonding technologies and construction techniques mean products are being developed capable of producing glass which is lighter and stronger than ever before. These new technologies will keep personnel safe against the increasingly powerful weapons ranged against them.

In the quest to protect soldiers, the military is constantly evolving. Some of these developments have real potential, others will fall by the wayside, but they do make for eye catching headlines

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SPECIAL REPORT: ADVANCES IN BULLET RESISTANT GLASS AND PERISCOPES FOR MILITARY VEHICLES

Demanding and Dangerous: The Battlefield of the Future Jo Roth, Staff Writer

The battlefield of the future will become more demanding and dangerous. Existing armor will not be sufficient.

High powered bullets capable of piercing body armor and bulletproof glass are becoming more common and easier to obtain

HE MODERN military faces a constantly evolving situation. It is operating around the world in all sorts of conditions from extreme heat to cold. It is facing enemies with a wider range of technologies from handheld arms used at close quarters to advanced disruptive lasers. Most of all, weapons are becoming more advanced and more deadly. High powered ammunition, capable of penetrating existing body armor is more common. Armor must adapt to keep pace.

The Rise of High-Power Weapons If forces are going up against more advanced and heavily armed enemies, soldiers will need more protection. Until recently, most conflicts have pitted highly sophisticated military forces against relatively low-tech opponents such as the Taliban or ISIS. But looking ahead, a modern military must be prepared to face off against a more diverse range of opponents. The future is becoming more volatile. Tensions between major powers are fraying. From the Westâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s perspective it is far from unthinkable to imagine future conflicts against Russia or China4. If that happens, forces will need to be protected against the very latest weaponry. Even insurgencies are no longer the rag tag, ill equipped rabble of popular imagination. They are better funded and better equipped than ever before. The days when ISIS might have been content with crude roadside bombs are long gone. Today, their weapons supply chain is global and highly complex5. Stolen weapons such as rocket launchers and Humvees have been seen on the battlefield being used by insurgents in Iraq and Afghanistan. High powered bullets capable of piercing body armor and bulletproof glass are becoming more common and easier to obtain. Indeed,

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early in 2019 the Washington Times reported that an engineer was on the cusp of producing legal armor piercing (or cop killer) bullets which would penetrate Kevlar vests6. In many ways, the imbalance on the battlefield forces insurgents to procure higher power weapons. From their perspective, if a military vehicle is carrying advanced weapons with the power to eliminate you, you need to neutralize it. Windows on ground and air vehicles represent one of the few vulnerabilities. Insurgents need high power ammunition to target those weak points and prevent devastating weapons being brought to bear against them. Vehicles also have a higher demand for explosion resistance. Deployments in Iraq and Afghanistan saw vehicles running into threats from roadside explosive devices and RPGs. These handheld rocket launchers had previously been viewed as offering a threat against tanks and armored personnel carriers. Their small size, low cost and high availability made them the perfect weapon of choice for insurgents. They enabled them to stay mobile and to get up close to the enemy undetected. Lightly armored military vehicles presented easy targets7. Vehicle glass, therefore, now needs to be explosion as well as bullet resistant.

Technical Advances A more demanding environment, then, requires more advanced solutions and there are many on the way. Ballistic glass is becoming lighter, stronger and more durable. It is being designed to offer greater protection against sustained attack from even the highest-powered weapons. Demand is growing from both the military and civilian market which is sparking a surge in development. New composites, nano materials and acrylics are being researched

SPECIAL REPORT: ADVANCES IN BULLET RESISTANT GLASS AND PERISCOPES FOR MILITARY VEHICLES

FRAMED BULLET RESISTANT GLASS

and developed to increase the durability and stopping power of glass. It is an arms race between the powers of threat and protection. The enemy of the future will be better armed with more powerful ammunition; they will present an array of threats, many of which will be hard to predict. Although innovation requires financial investment, the overriding

priority of the military must be the safety of the people it puts into harmâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s way. Staying still carries with it a cost as weâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ll see in the next article. Older technologies are more fragile, will require extensive maintenance and replacement. Because of this, as well as the rise of more powerful weapons, forces must embrace the latest protective equipment.

Demand is growing from both the military and civilian market which is sparking a surge in development. New composites, nano materials and acrylics are being researched and developed to increase the durability and stopping power of glass

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SPECIAL REPORT: ADVANCES IN BULLET RESISTANT GLASS AND PERISCOPES FOR MILITARY VEHICLES

Why the Army Needs to Invest in New Technology James Butler, Staff Writer

Technology is evolving quickly, but all too often the ‘repair and make do’ approach prevails. But while this may seem to be cheaper, the costs can mount up.

Thin skinned vehicles failed to provide sufficient protection, often with tragic consequences

N THE early 2000s, as the US military deployed in Afghanistan and Iraq, it quickly identified a need for ballistics glass to be fitted to vehicles to protect against insurgents. This was a different type of enemy: smaller, mobile and targeting vehicles at close range. Thin skinned vehicles failed to provide sufficient protection, often with tragic consequences8. However, in the rush to deliver this new technology to the battlefield, its suitable to the rigors of combat was often overlooked.

Performing a Cost Benefit Analysis It is no secret that militaries are looking to get the best value for money from their resources. Although Donald Trump announced a 5% increase in defense spending9, the prevailing trend in the West has been for a tightening of the purse strings. Defense spending in the EU has consistently fallen short of NATO targets10. Even with that money, there is no guarantee of future policy or where those funds will go. Investment must justify itself. The calculation is often performed on a purely financial basis. As we’ve seen in this article, this attitude may support the view that making do and repairing when necessary is the more cost-effective option. However, it fails to consider lower running costs, higher availability and, most importantly, the greater degree of safety for the people inside the vehicle. This must be the prime consideration. The

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FOLDAWAY PERISCOPE

defense sector has a special level of pressure to innovate quickly because lives often depend on it. Upgrading to the latest bulletproof glass may save money in the longer term, it may provide all sorts of logistical advantages, but it will definitely save lives. Senior personnel will make their own assessments before purchasing any new equipment. This will depend on operational requirements and budgetary limits. However, it pays to understand the full extent of the technology available, whether it really does outperform what went before and its reliability in real world situations.

SPECIAL REPORT: ADVANCES IN BULLET RESISTANT GLASS AND PERISCOPES FOR MILITARY VEHICLES

Advances in Military Periscopes Tom Cropper, Editor

Vehicle periscopes are evolving to become lighter, stronger, more sophisticated and resilient. What should militaries be looking for when deciding to upgrade?

HE MODERN military is like a shark - it is constantly moving forward and evolving. New threats rise and new technologies are developed to meet them. Periscopes may be one small piece of equipment, but they play a vital role in keeping personnel safe and enabling accurate vehicle control. With innovation bringing more choice, what factors will buyers be looking at most closely?

Durability of Solution Developers have invested heavily in making periscopes as tough as possible. Their goal is to deliver maintenance-free periscopes capable of continuous operations in even the most remote areas. They come with enhanced resistance to heat, cold, abrasion and impact. The latest innovations are designed to break new ground and ensure that equipment can continue to operate in the harshest of environments. GuS Glass and Safety recently produced what it calls the world’s first sand resistant periscope. Desert warfare is not going out of fashion any time soon and, ever since the early deployments in Afghanistan and Iraq, the army has found the desert to be almost as formidable a challenge as the enemy. The solution from GuS comes with an additional outer layer of protective ceramic to provide enhanced protection against sand blasts. When tested against MIL-STD-810G 510.5, proc. II, they say it provides sand abrasion and offers an almost 100% clear view. The upgrade is available on all the company’s periscopes and offers no significant loss of light transmission. It is IR compatible, has superior rock strike resistance and has no increase in haze. They have also produced a number of plug and play innovations which can enhance the performance of periscopes. For example, their traditional models allowed water to penetrate over time. They have now produced a new housing which offers complete protection against any ingress of water.

FOLDAWAY PERISCOPE

An integrated display screen allows vital information to be displayed directly onto the periscope’s field of vision. This means that drivers can keep their eyes on the road without switching between digital and periscope views. Progress in temperature and abrasion resistance has been made possible thanks to developments in acrylic materials. It has better visual capacity after impact, is about 50% lighter than glass and has a temperature resistance of up to 70°C. It’s a hard wearing and cost-effective option which promises a high degree of durability and low maintenance requirements.

Advances in Controls One of the biggest issues associated with the use of periscopes has traditionally been the clunky nature of controls. In designing new systems, forces are seeking options which are more intuitive, cheaper and require less training. Forces in the US believe they’ve found what they’ve been looking for, by the side of their games consoles. The US Navy plans to replace existing joysticks for their Virginia Class submarines with controllers from an Xbox 360. The move comes in response to feedback from junior officers who described the existing joysticks as WWW.DEFENCEINDUSTRYREPORTS.COM | 11

SPECIAL REPORT: ADVANCES IN BULLET RESISTANT GLASS AND PERISCOPES FOR MILITARY VEHICLES

SOURCE: GUS GLASS AND SAFETY

The latest innovations are designed to break new ground and ensure that equipment can continue to operate in the harshest of environments

too clunky and ‘real heavy’. The Navy believes these computer game controllers can deliver a lighter, more flexible, alternative. It’s easy to see why they might be so appealing. The handgrip and imaging panel used previously cost $38,000 while an Xbox controller costs only $20. Training used to take hours but with an Xbox controller it takes only minutes. As Senior Chief Mark Eichenlaub told The Virginian-Pilot, “I can go to any video game store and procure an Xbox controller anywhere in the world, so it makes a very easy replacement.”

Flexible Solutions Customer satisfaction is becoming increasingly important at all levels of the supply chain, and this extends to equipment such as periscopes. Combat environments are diverse, and the modern military will increasingly need individually tailored solutions which meet their specific challenges and requirements. Depending on the situation, buyers may prioritize factors such as light weight, optical quality, ballistic protection or abrasion resistance. They may require additional features or want designs to be tailored to specific operational tasks. Either way, the pressure is mounting for manufacturers to provide bespoke solutions over and above their standard operations. ‘Plug and play’ is not always the best approach; it requires close collaboration between client and

supplier to develop the ideal solution for each specific situation. As such, the attitude and structure of the manufacturer is becoming just as important as the technology on offer. Smaller and medium sized enterprises may have an advantage over larger traditional players. They benefit from more flexible hierarchical structures and agile decision making. It is easier for these organizations to work with specific clients either to adjust existing technology to their requirements or develop individual innovations for certain situations. To achieve this, some companies can benefit by taking inspiration from the world of IT and the concept of ‘agile business’. First developed by professionals from Silicon Valley, the Agile Manifesto sets out a fresh vision for innovation, one which is collaborative, iterative and delivers fast, reliable innovation quickly to market11. What has worked for the IT sector is also being adopted across business and appears to be ideal for military innovation. Demand is growing for rapid delivery of new technology which can work in real world situations. Agile structures would appear to be perfect for this, while larger and more cumbersome organizations will struggle to deliver innovation at the same speed or standard. The periscope market, like many others, has tremendous potential for evolution. It is coping with new challenges and offering enhanced features. As with all innovation, new technology comes at a price, but delivers multiple benefits at every stage of the process.

Combat environments are diverse, and the modern military will increasingly need individually tailored solutions which meet their specific challenges and requirements

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SPECIAL REPORT: ADVANCES IN BULLET RESISTANT GLASS AND PERISCOPES FOR MILITARY VEHICLES

References: Global Bulletproof Glass Market Expected to Grow: https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20190717005325/en/Global-Bulletproof-Glass-

Market-Expected-Grow-CAGR 2

Future Soldiers May Wear Bulletproof Spidersilk: https://www.livescience.com/46519-spider-silk-bulletproof-clothing.html

Sapphire Gem Based Transparent Armour Protects Soldiers from Snipers: https://www.livescience.com/46519-spider-silk-bulletproof-clothing.html

This is How a War With China Would Begin: https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/04/opinion/china-taiwan-war.html

Tracing the ISIS Weapons Supply Chain: https://www.wired.com/story/terror-industrial-complex-isis-munitions-supply-chain/

Engineer On the Cusp of Offering Legal Armour Penetrating Cop Killer Bullets:

https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/feb/5/austin-jones-atlas-arms-offer-armor-penetrating-co/

Brutal Chinese Weapon Tailor Made for Insurgents: https://www.wired.com/2007/03/dangerous_new_c/

Frantically the Army Tries to Armour Humvees:

http://www.nbcnews.com/id/4731185/ns/world_news-brave_new_world/t/frantically-army-tries-armor-humvees/#.XZXBB0ZKjIU 9

Trumpâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s 2020 Budget Increases Spending by 5%:

https://spacenews.com/trumps-2020-budget-increases-defense-spending-by-5-percent-funds-space-force/ 10

EU Falls Short on NATO Spending: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-03-15/eu-falls-short-on-nato-spending

Manifesto for Agile Software Development: https://agilemanifesto.org/

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