GLITCH//Boxes of Reflection//

GLITCH (BOXES OF REFLECTION) Distorting Auditoria Sensory Deceptions

Andrej Ruben Repar REP17524149 BA Interior & Spatial Design CHelsea college of arts, univeristy of the arts london

REP 17524149 - Andrej Ruben Repar - DRS04

Acknowledgments I would like to express my gratitude to my family for endless support and aid on this three year journey of this course.

I would like to thank my dearest friends Jeremiah, Kaja, Ami, Pia, Chieloka and all my closest friends for bearing with me in these difficult times and providing me with mental and physical support, help and being there for me at any given time.

I am beyond thankful to be given this opportunity of fulfilling my long lasting desire of leaving the safe walls of my home in Slovenia and taking the risk at improving my skills and myself as a person in a foreign environment.

All thanks go to my mentor, Darren Farrel, for many advice he has given me, challeging me and believing in me even at times I did not believe in myself.

To whoever is reading this, I hope browsing through these pages gives you as much enjoyement as it has given me, creating it.

REP 17524149 - Andrej Ruben Repar - DRS04

"A reflection noitcelfer A" is the return nruter eht si of light, ,thgil fo heat, sound, ,dnuos ,taeh or energy from morf ygrene ro a surface." ".ecafrus a (REFLECTION | meaning in the Cambridge English Dictionary, 2020)

)0202 ,yranoitciD hsilgnE egdirbmaC eht ni gninaem | NOITCELFER(

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Table of Contents project description

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3 STAGES OF REFLECTION

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RESEARCH ENQUIRY & ANALYSIS site analysis mapping

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DESIGN COMPONENTS colour study the cube(s) the stage seating

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THE MANIFESTO They Live example 1 example 2

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SYNTHESIS & REALISATION axonometric drawing floor plans section digital models renderings final thoughts self-evaluation

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PRECEDENTS House of Mirrors Dalston House Cloud Gate Pinnacle Tower The Wave Unit 8 project

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DESIGN PROCESS & PRACTICE the shape initial idea the use of the square the box development model makind the frame shape derivation Jack-in-the-box

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site:

Trafalgar square

the square

the spectacle

the space

a public space, a monument, a historic site; manipulation of its elements and incorporating them into the design

reflective glass & LED screens, 3 stages of reflections creating illusions and distortions; creating reflections mers, distorting the projection of reality

of perfo-

configurable space, open-air auditorium

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Glitch In this project I will be exploring different stages of reflections and the effects they have on the surrounding space.

I have designed a public, open-air auditorium consisting of two framed cubes with unfolding walls which have reflecting properties. I have designed a stage and seating that can be dismantled and stored in the boxes itself, working together with the surrounding environment of Trafagar square, using its elements to complete the functioning of the design of the auditorium.

I have designed the auditorium in a way it narrates the elements of Trafalgar square, raises geographical and political information of the square and the area of the city it is located in. It is dismantable so it can, unlike other temporary stage set ups, allow the undisturbed public flow on the square.

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Research Enquiry & Analysis

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Site analysis NATIONAL GALLERY

THE STRAND THE MALL

Trafalgar square is a public square located the City of Westminster in Central London. It contains a large area surrounded by three roads on the sides and a terrace on the north.

The square is surrounded

by The National Gallery on the north side, The Mall on the south-west, which leads towards the Buckingham Palace, Whitehall street to the south, and The Strand to the east.

It is a widely visited destination for tourists, it is also often used for community gatherings and political demonstrations.

WHITEHALL

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There are two water fountains situated in the middle of the square, along with a one large staricase in front of the National Gallery, two smaller sized staricases on the sides, two plinths on the north side of the terrace. Nelson Column is located on the south side of the square, accopanied by four lion statues.

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Surrounding context

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Position of the project / map of the square 1:500 trafalgar square

© Crown copyright and database rights 2020 Ordnance Survey (100025252). FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY.

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Scale 1:500 5

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Jan 30, 2020 02:49 30

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50 m

Projection:British N ationalGrid

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Andrej Repar University of the Arts London

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Site exploration through a digital sketch

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THE FOURTH PLINTH

is the northwest plinth on the square.

When the square was built, the plinth was meant to hold the statue of William IV, but it was left empty due to insufficient funds. For over 150 years, the blank space on the plinth was debated; in 1998, the Royal Society for the encouragement of Arts, Manufactures and Commerce (RSA) commissioned sculptures from contemporary artists, to be displayed temporarily on the plinth. After that, Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport Chris Smirh, started to seek opinions from public art commissioners, critics and members of the public to decide what is going to be shown on the plinth in the future.Currently comissioned (2018-present) sculpture on the plinth is Michael Rakowitz’s recreation of a sculpture of a lamassu (a Sumerian protective deity), that was situated at the entrance to Nergal Gate of Nineveh from 700 B.C up until 2015, when it was, along with other artefacts in Mosul Museum in Iraq, destroyed by ISIS. His sculpture is made of Iraqi date syrup cans, representing the destruction of the country’s date industry.

digital sketch of the current sculpture on the fourth plinth

Iamassu sculpture before it was destroyed (Mosul museum, Iraq)

current sculpture on the plinth REP 17524149 - Andrej Ruben Repar - DRS04

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Heather Phillipson’s ‘THE END’ The End is a response to both the physical and ideological context of Trafalgar Square — a site of mass protest, as well as one of communal celebration. The drone communicates surveillance, the top-heavy nature of sculpture inviting the notion of impending collapse — the significance of which is compounded by the installation’s apocalyptic title. It consists of a dollup of whipped cream with a cherry, a fly and a drone stuck in it. The drone will have an installed camera which will be recording the surrounding environment, and will be displayed below the sculpture. It is planned to be unveiled later in 2020. next planned sculpture on the plinth

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LOCATION OF THE FOURTH PLINTH

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PROTESTS AT TRAFALGAR SQUARE Due to Trafalgar Square’s central London location, it held place for numerous historic protests. Thanks to the large open space able to accommodate a big number of participants and also, due to the architectural features, such as the stairs leading to the National Gallery, the location is ideal for speakers and leaders to speak to the partakers.

An important protest in histroy of fighting for women’s rights happened here on Trafalgar Square, ‘SlutWalk’ Rally in 2011. participated as well.

There was a lot of opposition surrounding the current president of the United States, Donald Trump’s election. The Women’s March took place from Grosvenor Square to Trafalgar square in London, counting more than 100,000 participants in opposition to his election to office, whereby even the Mayor of London participated as well.

‘slut walk’ protest in 2011

protest-suitable architectural features

a still from a BBC news programme REP 17524149 - Andrej Ruben Repar - DRS04

a photograph of a protest against climate crisis held by Extinction Rebellion

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photographs of the BLM protests

Protests fighting for the the anti-racist social issues broke out in Minnesota in late May after George Floyd, a 46-yearold Black man, died in police custody having been knelt on at the neck by a police officer for almost nine minutes.

The incident revived #BlackLivesMatter activism on an unprecedented scale.

Protests across the UK took place featuring marches, chants, speeches, mass lie-downs and spoken word.

As well as echoing American grievances, British activists point to hate crimes in the UK. Campaigners wield placards stating “The UK is not innocent,� alongside names and faces of victims of racial violence in the country.

A similar tragedy took place in the UK, when a train station worker Belly Mujinga died of contracting the Covid-19 after being spat at. Following murder of George Floyd, protests quickly spread in numerous cities. In London it took place on Trafalgar Square with thousands of people participating and standing with the movement Black Lives Matter. These have been going on for a few weeks now, however following the peaceful protests, the far right and racism compliant demonstrators clashed with the police on this very square.

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Mapping

recorded footfall of the square

sketchbook scan

I was tracking people’s movements, following their path and sketching it.

Each colour represents movement taken on a specific day. As the square is a public space, it is being used for multiple different reasons such as a meeting point, point of crossing or for sightseeing.

Therefore, the curves led me to forming the shape for creating an auditorium.

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applied footfall strokes on the site sketch

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Precedents

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House of Mirrors, Ekkehard Altenburger

House of Mirrors was a 1996 temporary installation located in Tiree Island in Scotland. Its author found inspiration in the environment and the landscape surrounding the structure reflected in itself, managing to create an undefined line between the house and the natural elements. The limits of where the landscape ends and architecture begins are blurred, create a kind of uncertainty between reality and perception. Observing the house from a distance, it makes it difficult to see as it blends with the surrounding environment. I have transformed this idea and put it into the public space, but since it is a busy public space it elevates the space itself.

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Dalston House, Leandro Elrich

Dalston house in Hackney was an installation, comprising a reconstructed house facade lying face-up and a mirror positioned over it at a 45-degree angle.

As a person walks over the surface of the house, the mirror reflects their image and creates the illusion that they are walking up the walls.

I have manipulated the idea of a reflection in a way that not only the performets inside of the structure form illusions but also the people who walk past it, surrounding elements, form illusions on the exterior facade.

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Cloud Gate, Anish Kapoor

Anish Kapoor’s installation in Chicago, USA is a good example of having a deformed mirrored surface which gives a distorted view of the reflection. This is what I have achieved with positioning the mirrored panels in a way they face each other creating an infinite effect.

I have applied Kapoor’s idea of bending the surface to achieve a distorted reflection to my project but in my case, the distorted illusion happens on a flat surface, using a computer generated live recording of its surrounding.

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Pinnacle Tower, Pickard Chilton

As a new point of reference in Nashville, the great glass curtain covering the construction uses reflection to turn the building into a ghost. The duality between reality and fiction. Since the surfaces of the mirror panels are positioned at different depths which slightly distorts the reflection of the city and the sky on the tower. When developing the auditorium, I have developed the distorted illusion of reflection by positioning reflective glass panels against each other in order for interact with the performers within the space.

I have used this building as an example of manipulation of camouflaging a massive robust tower, by adding a reflecting material on its facade and making it blend in into the landscape. The entire facade of the building is constantly changing depending on weather conditions.

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The Wave, d.strict

This is a three-dimensional illusion of a wave washing and moving around inside a big glass cube looking over a heavily trafficked section of Seoul. It is showing on a 90-metre wide by 20-metre tall direct view LED board. The animation creates an optical illusion; continuation is displayed as a single entity. It creates depths on a flat surface.

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Spatial recreation of the archive in the British Library Unit 8 project, BA ISD Y2 This model was a part of a project from my second year of university. We were put into groups and each was given a building.

The task was to architecturally examine the building and create a film on it.

Because we were given a library archive, which holds a large amount of exclusive information, we recreated it by building a cube with mirrored walls and diagonally attached a tracing paper on the inside.

I have used this as a reference example for this because we were experimenting with reflections in the mirrors and their interference and using it to demonstrate something informative.

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Design Practice & Process

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The shape As I was tracking the movement of the people on the square and recording their footfall, I was able to extract some significant shape patterns from it.

I allowed the curves and lines I have collected to lead me forward into deciding the shape of my project.

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Initial idea My initial idea was to design an X-shaped frame in the middle and juxtapose moving transportable reflective glass panels around it. That way it would form four different open plan spaces and by moving the panels into different positions, that would allow the user to create open/enclosed spaces based on their needs.

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section of the initial proposal

isonometric drawing of the initial proposal

floor plan of the initial proposal

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The use of the square The movable auditorium would allow the user to move the structure around the square and use the square’s elements, such as the staircase, to accomodate the audience and use the fountains as props for events.

The main staircase: used as seating area of the auditorium for a larger audience

The right staircase: used as seating area of the auditorium for a smaller audience

The left staircase: used as seating area of the auditorium for a small audience

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The box (change of plans) After testing the posible options for the center of the structure being an X-shaped form, I came to the conclusion, that it would be more practical and useful to have a frame with flat surfaces as the foundation so I went back to the tracking results I have gained. I changed the X to a box by connecting the lines, so the structure foundation became a cube.

The cube is the only static element of the design. It is made out of metal and it has got unfolding LED screen panels attached to the sides.

The box limits the space and the panels shape it.

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Development

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testing render of an early idea

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Model Making

I have made a model using foamboard and mirrored card, which I used to recreate the reflective effect of the window panels and try to test the reflections of the panels interfering with each other.

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photographs of the final outcome of the model

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The frame The panels would be movabble and would be able to be put into different position which would allow the user to have more control over the space itself. It would allow the user to curate the space of the auditorium based on their needs.

However, I have later decided that by giving the user so many possibilities takes away from the main purpose of the auditorium which are the illusions happening around and inside it, therefore I chose to only have one configuration.

experimentation of a potential roof sketches of variations REP 17524149 - Andrej Ruben Repar - DRS04

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digital models of initial ideas

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Shape derivation

digitally processed sketches of chosen design shapes

I have chosen the form of elements of the seating area and the stage based on the floor plan of the square. I took the shape of the water fountains on the square and dissected it into simple forms of squares, triangles and circles. I have taken the square shape which is the base of the storage space and the foundation of the design and a triangle shape for the seating and the stage, which geometrically fit into the square for storage purposes.

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digital sketch of the water fountain

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Jack-in-the-box I came across a children’s toy ‘Jack-inthe-box’, which is a box with an attached crank.

When the crank is turned a sufficient amount of times, the lid pops open and a figure pops out of the box.

I wanted to architecturally recreate that effect.

In my case, the illusion is achieved when the box is unfolded, and there is an event taking place within the foldable walls.

When the wall panels are unfolded, the performers are performing on the stage and the audience is seated down on the staircase, that is when the structure reaches its effect and becomes an auditorium.

a digital sketch of the idea REP 17524149 - Andrej Ruben Repar - DRS04

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3 Stages of Reflection

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STAGE 1: Mirrored walls on the box located located in front of the National Gallery, reflect the surrrounding environment in its pure form. The cube is positioned in a way that it is facing the Whitehall on the north side, the Strand on the west side and the Mall on the east.

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STAGE 1:

To present my idea of the cube with mirrored walls, I have created a model out of four rectangular, mirror tiles to test how a cube with reflective walls would reflect its surroundings. It creates an illusion of invincibility and blending in

photographs of the model REP 17524149 - Andrej Ruben Repar - DRS04

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photograph of a model

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STAGE 2: The exterior facade of the cube that contains the stage has got LED screens on the walls and installed cameras on each panel, in order to project a live representation of the surrounding environment, except that the screens are projecting different sides of the square.

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STAGE 2:

To present the idea of the second stage of reflection, I have taken the wall section of the digital model, and applied photographs of sides of square facing the Whitehall and the gallery terrace on the north.

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detailed map of Trafalgar square with an added sketch

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The cameras on the LED screens of the eastern side of the box are going to be capturing the happening on The Mall and projecting it on the western side of the box (3).

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The cameras on the northern wall of the box are going to be capturing the happening on the Whitehall and projecting it on the eastern side of the box (1).

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The cameras of the screens on the western side of the box are going to be capturing the happening of the Strand and be projecting it on the northern side of the box (2).

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STAGE 3: The interior walls of the cube that contains the stage has got LED screens and motion sensor cameras installed, which record the movement of the activity within the walls of the cube and project it on the interior screens.

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STAGE 3:

I have taken photographs using my phone camera set to long exposure to recreate the third stage of reflections happening within the walls of my structure, on the stage. I have recreated the performers movement using a flashlight to show what the motion sensor captures and projects on the inside of the cube’s walls.

long-exposure photographs of the model REP 17524149 - Andrej Ruben Repar - DRS04

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Design Components

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Colour Study Purple is a colour that lies in between the red and the blue and it creates the perfect ambiance and harmony for the audience to focus on the act being shown and devote all their senses, methaphorically sucking them in. Due to the tranquillity it radiates, it allows the audience to devote all their attention and gain insight on the performance.

It is a colour that symbolises women and is in fact the colour worn by women on the International Women’s Day. The choice of this colour is due to an attempt to emphasize with the struggles that women, but especially black women have to go through in this day and age. Purple was historically worn by women, fighting for their rights and it signifies justice.

Specifically, the Women’s Suffrage movement used the colours purple, green and white in the battle to win the right to vote for women.

I have chosen to use colour purple in my design because of its significant political history. It was the colour representing numerous movements and protests holding place on Trafalgar square.

still from the film ‘The Color Purple’

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I have been exploring the colours of different elements of the square with the photographs I have taken and presented it in diagrams with the shape I have extracted from the water fountains.

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The cube(s)

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0.2m

5.26m

LED panels

mirrored panels 5.66m

The main foundation of the design is the metal framed cube, which holds storage of the stage and seating elements. It is linked with foldable attachable panels that shape the auditorium.

The lower cube which holds the stage has got 6 framed LED panels panels attached to it. Each panel consists of 25 58-inch LED screens. There is a motion sensor camera installed on the upper side of the frame of every panel.

The upper cube, which holds storage of the seating, consists of a metal frame and mirrored walls.

58"

1.1m

m

5.66

motion sensor camera

19.2m 3.37m

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The stage

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When designing the stage, my aim was to design it in a way that would be practical and suitable for the area that I was working within. A foldable stage riser with a detachable stage deck enables you to create a modyfiable shape of the stage when joined together with multiple stage decks and risers to create your required configuration and surface area.

The aluminium risers with a concertinalike shape can be expanded to form the performance area of the auditorium as well as being able to collapse and be stored away into the box. Thus the auditorium stage can be as big as it may be, however, still sits in perfect solitude due to my design implementations.

digital model

measurements of the stage riser 5.66 m

4.00 m

stage deck 4.00m

drawing of the bottom side of the stage

stage riser 0.5 m

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presentation of the stage elements stored in the cube

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Seating

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0.

83

m

0. 8 3m

measurements of the seating

1.66m

0.1m 0. 3m

When developing the seating area of the auditorium, I incorporated elements of the square into the design. I positioned the stage next to the main staircase of Trafalgar Square; in front of the National Gallery. This staircase serves as a seating space due to the elevated staircase; thus providing the elevation between seating rows, making it visible for all visitors at the auditorium, regardless of which row they would be seated at. Wooden decks with special weather and heat-resistant material have been developed and shaped into a triangle, to form a seat for the audience members.

The triangular shape of the seating deck matches the shape of a stage riser, this was drawn from a dissection of one of the two the water fountains on Trafalgar Square. The seating decks are stored in the upper cube above the staircase.

the railings on both sides of the staircase allow an undisturbed flow of the public to move freely throughout the square

triangular shape of the seats allows them to be placed on the staircase as an individual seat or a bench, when joined together

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representation of the auditorium take down

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drawing of the stored stage

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drawing of the stored seating

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The Screen Programmes

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They Live (1988) This film was released in 1988 just days before the election of George W. Bush. It is a dystopian science-fiction action-horror film directed and written by John Carpenter, based on Ray Nelson’s short story “Eight o’clock in the Morning” from 1963. It follows a man who discovers, through a special type of sunglasses, that the ruling class are extraterrestrials concealing their appereance and controlling the humanity in a way to spend money, breed and accept the status quo with subliminal messages in mainstream media. I have watched this film during the lockdown and it made me re-evaluate our society’s values which, in my opinion, have not quite changed a lot since the film has been shot, three decades ago; the current happenings approved my thoughts. It inspired me to incorporate the idea of ‘special sunglasses’ that show you surrounding environemnt in an informative way, into my design. While researching the site, I have came across interesting information and learned the political significance of the square. The use of LED screens and cameras recording the surrounding space of my auditorium, enables me to digitally process the recorded footage and apply effects and information onto the projections.

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Example 1 I have applied the idea from the film to the Google Maps screenshots of the square and added building and object names to the image, to demonstrate how the exterior walls of the auditorium could be used. The auditorium panels are in this case the ‘special sunglasses’ the protagonist wears in the film ‘They Live’.

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Example 2 As a second example, I wanted to make the visitors of the auditorium and people who use the square aware of its political significance.

Therefore, I have edited photos of the square, added important quotes of notable black women activists and added a purple coloured tint to elevate its significant meaning.

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Synthesis & Realisation

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axonometric drawing 1:200

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floor plan of a closed auditorium 1:500 REP 17524149 - Andrej Ruben Repar - DRS04

floor plan of a closed auditorium 1:500

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floor plan of a closed auditorium 1:200

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floor plan of an open auditorium 1:200

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section 1:200

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digital model of a closed auditorium

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digital model of an open auditorium

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visualisation of the western side of the auditorium

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visualisation 2

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visualisation 3

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visualisation 4

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visualisation 5

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render of seating stored in the upper cube

render of the stage stored in the lower cube

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