FORPR EJSERVATION NEWSLETrER OF Tl-I:EJ GREArt"ER HOUSTON PRESER\TATION AlLI.ANCE
IH vOLUME 10, NUMBER 2
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Project__Row Houses
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Temporary art installations going up at Project Row Houses.
by Amy Pruett and Rick Lowe One of the major challenges in historic preservation is finding new uses for old buildings. Success demands imagination and creativity. Not surprisingly, therefore, one of the most exciting adaptive use projects now under way in Houston is an art project Rick Lowe, founder of Project Row Houses, said that the project began with a suggestion from a friend about a different way to exhibit their artwork. "My friend thought it would be neat to use a house to show your work," Lowe said. Artists tend to rent out warehouses and exhibit their work there. At his friend's suggestion, Lowe immediately thought of the Third Ward area, because he had worked in that neighborhood. Project Row Houses is a community-based public art project that encompasses neighborhood revitalization, historic preservation and cultural education programs. Located at 2500 Holman in Houston's Third Ward, the site includes 22 identical, free-standing, adjacent, shotgun style, frame houses that occupy almost an entire city block. Over the years the site had become overgrown with weeds, and the houses had been abandoned and vandalized. By 1993, eight of the original 30 houses had been torn down. The remaining 22 houses, although structurally sound, were slated for demolition. Lowe said that he chose the shotgun houses for the project, "based on the historic significance of the houses to the community." The houses are of a nineteenth century architectural style typically found throughout southern cities in neighborhoods known as "Freedmen's Towns," areas populated soon after the Civil War by freed slaves migrating to the cities. The houses, built in the early '30s, are a hybrid of the shotgun style and compressed bungalow. Originally rows of ten houses fronted parallel
streets. Back porches faced each other creating a common courtyard filled with community life - pets, children, flowers and clotheslines. Few examples of this type of shotgun style courtyard community have survived in Houston. Ten of the 22 houses will be used for long-term, changing art installation projects. One house will serve as a project office and another as the home for a site manager. The project will bring local, regional, and national artists to work within the community creating public artworks in a culturally and historically significant setting. In eight houses artists will transform one house each, creating installations that will open concurrently. The projects will remain on view for five months and will be free and open to the public. Interior construction work within these eight houses will be minimal so as to allow artists maximum creative expression in developing site-specific works. The first art installation will be on exhibit to the public by the end of September. In addition to the eight visual art installations, one house will be devoted to the written and spoken word where African American writers can live and work in extended residencies. In the first year, writer Alvin LeBlanc will introduce "Street Beat," a year-long program of writing and reading for schoolchildren. Seven buildings will be used to house unwed teenage mothers, while the remaining five houses will be used for a variety of services, including a day care center. Project Row Houses is committed to working with architectural historians to restore one of the houses to its original c. 1930 condition and appearance. The project will work with community leaders to gather historical documents, photographs, and memorabilia from the Third Ward as well as oral histories to enhance a sense of community and cultural pride among the residents. Regarding the Third Ward, Lowe
said, "It seems like it is the only one of the black neighborhoods with potential for preserving its culture." Lowe also said thaGi lOt of this potential results from the fact that the Third Ward, including the Riverside neighborhood, is home to many middle class African American families. Funds committed to the project include a $25,000 grant from the National Endowment for the Arts Art in Public Places program, a $6,000 grant from the Cultural Arts Council of Houston and $10,000 from the Elizabeth Firestone Graham Foundation. The project has been awarded $50,000 from Houston Endowment and $10,000 from the
Brown Foundation. The original leasepurchase agreement has been recently renegotiated, and $122,000 from a Houston family foundation has been made available for purchasing the houses. To further foster a sense of community, a sculpture garden/park will be developed on the site where five of the houses have been torn down. The open area will provide space for presentation of outdoor sculpture projects as well. This project was generated and will be sustained by artists from the community. Deborah Grotfeldt, former Assistant Director of Diverse Works for seven of its continued page 2
PRESERVATION ORDINANCE STILL PENDING The proVIslOns of Houston's proposed preservation ordinance are still being debated at Houston City Hall. At Mayor Lanier's recommendation, City Council voted on November 8 to delay its consideration of the draft ordinance and eight amendments proposed by Council Member lloyd Kelley another 30 days. The Mayor's proposed amendment to the city's historic tax incentive ordinance is also affected by the delay. Houston clearly lags behind most other cities in its preservation efforts even though two preservation-related ordinances have previously been approved. In effect since 1981, one of these ordinances established a local tax incentive for historic preservation, allowing an abatement of up to half of the amount paid in city property taxes on an approved preservation project The second, approved in 1985, estab-
lished the Houston Archeological and Historical Commission (HAHC) to advise the Mayor and City Council on preservation-related issues. Neither ordinance has had much effect on the overall trend toward deterioration of entire historic areas and demolition of many significant buildings. Since 1984, when the Main StreetlMarket Square National Register District was established, significant historic buildings have been demolished at an approximate rate of one per year. According to the Department of Planning and Development, who has recently carried out a windshield survey of National Register listed buildings and historic districts in the city, approximately 250 of these properties have been demolished since they were originally listed. continued page 2