Tab. 1: Bone list of Crocuta crocuta spelaea (Goldfuss 1823) remains from the region of Pößneck (Thuringia, Middle Germany). Tab. 1: Knochenliste von Crocuta crocuta spelaea (Goldfuss 1823)-Resten aus der Umgebung von Pößneck (Thüringen, Mittel-Deutschland).
No.
Inv.-No.
Bone type
Commentary
left
1
Ma.44381
Cranium
Nearly complete with mandible, (length 29.0 cm, P4 width 4.1 cm, Lower jaw M1 width 2.9 cm, P 2 width 2.1 cm
2
Ma.29950
Cranium
Saggital crest fragment
3
Ma.29951
Cranium
Brain case fragment
4
Ma29816, 29814
Mandible
Symphyses, with right P2 to 4 (P3 width 2.2 cm
x
5
Ma.29815
Mandible
Middle fragment with P3 to 4, M1, (width 3.2 cm
6
Ma.29816
Mandible
7
Ma.29949
8
right
Individual Age
Sex
Bite marks
Original
Old collection
Collection
Adult
Male
x
x
Wichedorff
Museum für Naturkunde Berlin
Adult
x
x
Wichedorff
Museum für Naturkunde Berlin
x
Wichedorff
Museum für Naturkunde Berlin
x
Juvenile
x
High adult
Female
x
x
Wichedorff
Museum für Naturkunde Berlin
x
High adult
Female
cracked
x
Wichedorff
Museum für Naturkunde Berlin
Anterior part, with P2 to 4, (width P3 2.3 cm
x
Adult
Female
x
Wichedorff
Museum für Naturkunde Berlin
Mandible
Half with ramus
x
Early adult
x
Wichedorff
Museum für Naturkunde Berlin
Ma.29818
Tooth
M1 fragment
?
Wichedorff
Museum für Naturkunde Berlin
9
Ma.29819
Tooth
Upper jaw P3
x
Adult
Wichedorff
Museum für Naturkunde Berlin
10
Ma.29964
Scapula
Incomplete, Joint width 4.4 cm
x
Adult
x
Wichedorff
Museum für Naturkunde Berlin
11
Ma.29969
Humerus
Without proximal joint
Early adult
x
Wichedorff
Museum für Naturkunde Berlin
12
Ma.29968
Radius
Proximal joint
Early adult
x
Wichedorff
Museum für Naturkunde Berlin
13
Ma.29962
Pelvic
Sacrum, fragment
Early adult
x
Wichedorff
Museum für Naturkunde Berlin
14
Ma.29967
Pelvic
Fragment, (actetabulum joint diameter 3.4 cm
x
Wichedorff
Museum für Naturkunde Berlin
15
Ma.29966
Pelvic
Fragment (actetabulum joint diameter 3.6 cm
16
Ma.29965
Pelvic
Fragment (actetabulum joint diameter 3.8 cm
17
Ma.29970
Femur
Without proximal joint cap
18
Ma.29971
Femur
Incomplete proximally, (distal joint width 5.2 cm
x
Early adult
19
Ma.29972
Tibia
Without joint caps
x
Early adult
20
Ma.29952
Cervical vertebra
Atlas, incomplete
Adult
21
Ma.29953
Cervical vertebra
Axes, fragment
Adult
22
Ma.29954
Cervical vertebra
No. 3, incomplete, without discs
Early adult
23
Ma.29973
Cervical vertebra
No. 6, incomplete
Adult
24
Ma.29974
Cervical vertebra
No. 7, incomplete
25
Ma.29961
Thoracic vertebra
26
Ma. 29960
27 28
x x
x
Adult
Male
Adult
Male
Wichedorff
Museum für Naturkunde Berlin
x
Adult
Female
Wichedorff
Museum für Naturkunde Berlin
x
Early adult
x
Wichedorff
Museum für Naturkunde Berlin
x
Wichedorff
Museum für Naturkunde Berlin
Wichedorff
Museum für Naturkunde Berlin
x
Wichedorff
Museum für Naturkunde Berlin
x
Wichedorff
Museum für Naturkunde Berlin
x
Wichedorff
Museum für Naturkunde Berlin
x
x
Wichedorff
Museum für Naturkunde Berlin
Adult
x
x
Wichedorff
Museum für Naturkunde Berlin
No. 14, incomplete
Adult
x
x
Wichedorff
Museum für Naturkunde Berlin
Thoracic vertebra
No. 15, incomplete
Adult
x
x
Wichedorff
Museum für Naturkunde Berlin
Ma.29959
Lumbar vertebra
No. 1, incomplete
Adult
x
x
Wichedorff
Museum für Naturkunde Berlin
Ma.29958
Lumbar vertebra
No. 2, incomplete
Adult
x
x
Wichedorff
Museum für Naturkunde Berlin
x
Prey fauna and comparison of Wüste Scheuer and Krölpa sites Using the bone list of Eisel in Wichedorff (1930), and the little material present on the MB collection, a vague “statistics” is presented (Fig. 6B). However, it is obvious that more bone material is still hidden, lost or was destroyed during the gypsum quarry activities. The incomplete material allowed for identification of the den type and a coarse prey fauna overview. In total, from the lower layers of Wüste Scheuer site (excluding Late Magdalénian), there are only 40
Female cub
x
88 Late Pleistocene bones and teeth, which is little compared to other small European hyena dens (e.g. Fosse et al. 1988, Stiner 2004, Diedrich & Žák 2006). The high percentage of hyena remains (31%) is typical at hyena den sites (Fosse et al, 1988, Stiner 2004, Diedrich & Žák 2006, Diedrich 2014a). In addition, the high amount of horse remains (38%) correlates to hyena dens, because Ice Age spotted hyenas were specialized horse hunters in several regions, especially in mountain areas, where they specialized on E. c. przewalski with best examples of the Czech
E&G / Vol. 64 / No. 1 / 2015 / 29–45 / DOI 10.3285/eg.64.1.03 / © Authors / Creative Commons Attribution License