ed'gef;
vpfvyfaeaomacgif;pOf ae&mü wpfpHkwpf&m pmom; wpfcck u k kd tpm;xk;d &ef vdt k yf vmaomtcg odkYr[kwf 0½kef; okef;um;? pmrsufESmrsm;ay:ü Mum;jzwf acgif;pOf wpfckck ,m,DzUJG pnf;&efay:aygufvm aomtcg]]reufjzefawGvuftH aoaewmudk ESdyfe,f ay;csif oy}}qdkaom vufwpfzuf0if a&mufvm\/ reufjzefqo dk nf rSmb,foYdk zGUJ pnf;xm;ygovJ/ reufjzefub kd ,fvw dk nfaqmuf xm;ygovJ/ reufjzefwGif t csed ;f tcsurf sm;&S\ d / reufjzef wGif rk;d av0ocefrY eS ;f csu&f \ dS / reufjzef aeYvnf 12em&Dww d d wGiaf etdrrf u S m;rsm;xGucf mG yg rnf&\ dS / reufjzefreuf 6em&D cGJ av,mOfuiG ;f csed ;f &S\ d / reuf jzefonf owfrSwfxm; aom aemufwpfem&Drsm;ESi&hf ifrqkid &f ciftxd t&SdrJh oufoufyif/ jyu©'ed af y:rS rife0D ikd ;f xm;aom wpfckck a&;rSwfxm;aomrdwåL &ufpGJtjzpfvnf; &yfwnfae Ekid \ f / odaYk omf reufjzefr&Sb d J aexkdifonfholtcsdKUtm; awGU vmvQif vlaoaumifrsm;uJo h Ykd rqufq&H ef wif;MuyfpmG wm; jrpf&ayrnf/ tb,fhaMumifh qdak omf reufjzefonf vlwidk ;f tm; wef;wlnrD QpmG apmifah rQmf aevdrrfh nf/ tylonfrcd ifrsm; uJhodkY arQmfae\/ xdwfvefYae aom r,m;rsm;uJhodkY apmifh arQmaf e\/ qmavmifaeaom uav;rsm;uJo h Ykd apmifah rQmaf e \/ xdjYk yif reufjzefonf wdwf qdwfaom aoG;om;aomif; usef;rIwpfckuJhodkY &r®ufjyif;jy pGm apmifharQmfaejyef\/ (pmudk,f)
aeYrsm;onf wdak wmif;pG/ aeYrsm;onf av;vHvS\/ t vsm;? teH? tjrifhESifhtcsdefwdkY udk a&marTvkdufonfhtcg aeY rsm;onf ½kyfxkrsm;jzpfvmMu onf/ ½kyfwkrsm;uajymaom orkid ;f ed*;kH ü ½kyw f rk sm;onf us qH;k avNy;D aom tkw?f t*Faw ESiahf Mu;oHowåKrsm;jzpfMuukef \/ [dk;a&S;a&S;wkef;u pwm vif? vDeifESihf rmhufpf½kyfwkt aygif;tygrsm;&SdMuukef\/ u 'gzDrSm quf'rf[lpdef ½kyfwkt usKd ;tyJrh sm;tm; vdu k v f aH umuf ,l a evsuf & S d o nf / vl r nf ; wpfOD;rSmrl vifuGef; ½kyfwkr
Shade Journal Vol:5,No-42
vSrf;rurf;rS tdyfrufwpfckt aMumif; urÇmBu;D udrk ed cYf eG ;f ajym cJhNyD;jzpf\/ uRefawmfi,fi,f u Adv k cf sKyaf Mu;½kyaf &SUü "mwf yHkt½dkufcHzl;wm owd&rdjyef onf/ tEkynmonf ½kyfwk twGufjzpfonf/ EkdifiHa&;[l onf tEkynmtwGujf zpfonf/ ½kyw f o k nf Ekid if aH &;twGujf zpf onf/ wpfcck rk sm;onf wpfcck k twGufjzpf&rnfyif/ "mwfyHk rSwfwrf;rsm;&Sd\/ tMurf;zuf orm;wd\ Yk vufaAG&mrsm;&S\ d / 'Dtefatrsm;&Sd\/ uGrfwrfoD tdk&DESifh tjcm;tjcm;aom t ewårsm;jyif;pGmvIyfcwfMujyef \/ uRefawmfwdkYonf r[m jA[®mrif;Bu;D onfvnf;aumif;? owå0gwdt Yk m;apmifah &Smufxm; Mujyefonf/ tom;rsm;pm;Mu &\/ xrif;rsm;?aygifrek rYf sm;udk <uufrsm;?yk&u G q f w d rf sm;ESiahf 0cGJ pm;Mu&\/toufrsm;udak pmihf a&SmufcMH u&\/ odkYaomf aocsmrIwpfpHk wpfckqdkonfrSm tm;vHk;\t oufyif jzpfygvdrfhrnf/ xdkY aMumifh vlonfvnf;aumif;? ewfonfvnf;aumif;? jA[®m onfvnf;aumif; ¤if;wdkYtm; aocsmrIwpfckckudk pGJudkifxm; Muolrsm;tjzpfowfrw S jf y|mef; vdkufonf/ odkYaomf arQmfvifh csuo f nf uHw&m;\tEÅ&m,f Bu;D aom vufaqmifwpfcjk zpf ay\/ xdkarQmfvifhcsufaemuf u vufaqmifvSvSav;tm; zGirhf azmufcif rdru d , dk rf rd d ao csmpGmumuG,fxm;&rnfyif/ teHY? t&omESifh &ufvGefaeYpGJ rsm;? owdçuGJ&Swwfonf/ ½dk rmefpmqdak wmf Amu,fNi;D wGm; cJ&h m ]]x½d*k sijf rif;Bu;D tm; r,Hk avESi?hf uREykf o f nf *&dwt Ykd m; vufaqmifrsm; ,laqmifvm vQiaf omfrS aMumufvyS g\}[l aompmom;tm; teufa&mif wD&Syfrsm;ay:wGifra&;oifhyg/ wcsdKUta&mifrsm;onf uRef awmfwdkYtm; b0tqufquf rGef;usyftkdufpyfap\/ [,f vifrif;orD;&ufvyk x f m;aom Zmyef;c&rf;wGif *&dwEYkd iS x hf ½GKd if om;wd\ Yk wdu k yf 0JG ifrw S w f rf;rsm; vIy&f aG eMuonf/ wm;jrpfxm; aom[morsm;wGif Zkewfrif; Bu;D wifoiG ;f aom Nird ;f csr;f a&; jyufvHk;rsm;u tlwufp&mt aumif;qHk;yif/ x½dGKifNrdKUBuD; oufwrf;ukeq f ;kH roGm;cif uRef
vufusefawG vuftHao
aZmfvlpdrf; awmftvdkcsifqHk;rSm [,fvif rif;orD;\tvGr;f ESit hf Ekynm yif/ xdkYaMumifh rD;awmufrsm; Mum;rStvGr;f rsm;tm; OD;pm;ay; a&TUxkwf&ef? tysuftpD;rsm; atmufrS tEkynmtm; tjref u,fq,f&ef awmif;qdkvdkuf onf/ aeYrsm;onf ayghyg;pGm &Snv f sm;vGe;f aypG/ (ed*Hk;)
reufjzefwiG f raeYucsed ;f qdkrIrsm;udk zsufodrf;xm;aom jrif;cGmoHrsm;ysUH vGiv hf mayvdrhf rnf/ x½dKG iNf rKd U½d;k ay:rS x½d*k sif ol&aJ umif; yJ&pf\a&Ta&mifqH EG,rf sm;wvlvv l iG ahf e\/ tm cdvpd zf aemifx h pJ u kd 0f ifomG ;aom jrm§ ;wHrmS yJ&pf\jrm§ ;wH[w k ?f r [kwf yef;qkd;wef;tifyg,mü uRefawmfwdkY tjiif;yGm;Muukef \/ tmcdvdpf\ aysmhuGuf z aemifhtm;azmfxkwfajzmifhcsuf ay;vdkufoludk qkaiGxkwfxm; onf/ tvdk&SdNyD/ pDtkdifat? au*saD uESihf armhqufw\ Ykd rsKd ; yGm;zaemifrh sm;aqmifí h csw D uf vmaeMuonf/ vlu;l rsO;f Mum; rsm;onf Aef*;kd \t0ga&mifrsm; aemufrS yke;f vQKd ;aeMujyefonf/ i&JacG;rsm; vlul;rsOf;Mum;rSr ul;&/ um;wdkufcH&aomacG;
aowpfaumifudk awGUvQif Muifemyg/ rIcif;|meodkY acG; avacG;vGifhrsm;tm; '&GwfqGJ rvmygESifh/ reufjzeftm; t MunfnKd ysurf I rjzpfay:ap&ef ,aeYtm; ydkufpdyfwkduftrJ½dk; wdkYjzifhumuG,ftHh/ yxrqHk; owif;ay;ydcYk suf rrSeaf Mumif; tar&duef wyfMuyfBuD;wpf a,mufrSxGufqdkcJhonf/ rdefY cGef;rsm;tm;jyefvnfpdppf&ef/ reufjzefwGif tarSmifbuf jcrf;&Sdonf/ bifvm'iftm; vif;,kefrsm;u rdepf 40ouf wrf;&Sd tarSmifbufjcrf;rS xk;d okwfoGm;Mu&m tvif;a&mif aMumifh tdpk rm½kyw f rk sm;t&nf aysmfus&\/ xkdYaMumifh uRef awmfwdkYrSm ylavmifMu&? ykcHk; om;rsm;emusifMu&? cg;½dk;wdkY udkufcJcHpm;Mu&/ acwfBuD;u wifay;vdu k af om rEkid 0f efrsm; aMumifh csdefMu&? raeYut wGuf&nfpl;aomaus;Zl;pum; rsm;onf 'DaeYtwGufudkif½dkuf cHxm;&ovdk cHpm;Mu&? vpfvyf aeaomacgif;pOfae&mü wpfpkH wpfcktpm;xdk;&efvdktyfaom tcg wdwq f w d af om aoG;om; awmif;qdkrIrsm; 0ifa&mufvm Muav\/ / aZmfvlpdrf;
www.shadejournal.com
aysmyf &JG iT yf rJG sm;pHv k ifwUJ awmifBu;D bk&m;yGu J si;f y rauG;wkid ;f a'oBu;D ? rif;bl;(puk)NrKd Ue,f?rif;bl;-rif;vSum; vrf;ab; rif;bl;NrdKUeJY 5rkdifcefYtuGmrSm&SdwJh zvH½Hkaus;&GmteD; zv½HkawmifBuD;bk&m;yGJawmfudk ESpfpOfusif;yNrJjzpfwJh 1373ckESpf awmfovif;vjynfhausmf(7)&uf? (8)&ufaeYrsm;u pnfum;pGm usi;f ycJah Mumif;od&onf/ zvH½HkawmifBuD;bk&m;yGJ[m awmifjyKef;yGJeJY? &wemh*lyGJtNyD; rSmusi;f ywJh jrefrmjynftv,fyidk ;f rSmtxif&mS ;qH;k e,fyw JG pfyjJG zpf NyD;teD;0ef;usifaus;&Gmrsm;rS jynfolrsm;? rif;bl;? rauG;? rif;vS a'orsm;rS jynforl sm;? nydik ;f tcsed rf sm;rSm pnfum;pGmvma&muf wJhyGJwpfckvnf;jzpfygw,f/ a'ocH&Gmom;wpfOD;uawmh vjynfh ausm(f 8)&ufaeY[m MuufysrH usatmifpnfum;qH;k yJvaYkd jymygw,f/ zvH½akH wmifBu;D trawmfarmifawmifewfeef;rSm ewfuEém; ay;yGJBuD;udk tBuD;tus,fusif;yovdk ay 1000avmufjrifhwJh awmifay:udkwufNyD; bk&m;zl;olrsm; OykofoDvapmifholrsm;eJY awmifcg;yef;rSmewfa&uefqw kd u hJ efav;udo k mG ;a&mufavhvmol rsm;eJY aeYtcsdefrSmpnfum;w,fvdkY zvH½kH&GmcHrsm;u ajymMum;vdkY od&ygonf/ nydik ;f rSmujywJZh mwfy[ JG mvnf; yGaJ wmfoal 'ocHrsm;twGuf pGrJ ,fp&mjzpfNy;D csm;&[wfp;D olrsm;? aps;a&mif;olrsm;? pm;aomuf qkid af &mif;csorl sm;? um&mtdak uqkid rf sm;vnf; tvkyjf zpfMuw,f vdkY a'ocHaps;onfwpfOD;&JUpum;t&od&onf/ q&mawmfBuD;wpfyg;rdefYMum;ovdk ]]bk&m;Munfhí yGJzl;jyef oGm;Muavonf}}qdkwmrsdK; taysmfawGrsm;wJhyGJ aiGaMu;eJYouf qkid w f hJ yJaG wGrsm;vdYk aysmo f al ysmf rdiI o f rl iId ef YJ taysmyf aJG wGpv kH ifwhJ awmifBuD;yGJvdkY a'ocHrsm;ajymMum;csuft&od&onf/ jrifhjrwfarmif
ewfoQifaemifausmif;aqmifopfzGifUvSpf
rEÅav;NrdKU? csrf;jrompnfNrdKUe,f trSwf(17)tajccHynm tv,fwef;ausmif;(txufwef;ausmif;cGJ)wGif ewfoQifaemif pmoifausmif;aqmifopfziG yhf t JG crf;tem;udk pufwifbm 24&uf eHeuf(6)em&Du tqdyk gausmif;aqmifopfOypmwGif usi;f yjyKvyk f cJo h nf/ tcrf;tem;odYk NrKUd e,fynma&;rSL; a':wifwifvwf? ausmif; tkyfq&mBuD; OD;0if;atmif? rdbq&mtoif;0ifrsm;? ausmif;t usdK;awmfaqmiftzGJU0ifrsm;? &ufuGuftkyfcsKyfa&;rSL;ESifh q&m? q&mrrsm;? ausmif;om;? ausmif;olrsm;wufa&mufMuonf/ tpDtpOft& NrKd Ue,fynma&;rSL;a':wifwifvwfEiS ?hf ausmif; tusKd ;awmfaqmiftzGUJ em,uOD;MuL;wdu Yk ausmif;aqmifopfukd zJBudK;jzwfzGifhvSpfay;cJhMuonf/ trSwf(17)tajccHynmtv,f wef;ausmif;(txufwef;wef;ausmif;cGJ)ewfoQifaemif wpfxyf ausmif;aqmifrSm tvsm; 150ay? teH 30ay&Sd eHuyfwpfxyf taqmufttHkjzpfaMumif;od&onf/ UKS
23