Sustainable Energies Solutions for Habitat, Transport, Industry, IT‌
The CEA/LITEN Institute http://www-liten.cea.fr/index_uk.htm
gilles.le-marois@cea.fr
Liten, a CEA institute devoted to Renewables R&D nuclear energy Fundamental
Military Research
Research
2010 Technological
800p. – 450 patents – 120M€
Research
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LITEN addresses Focused Research Electric Transports Batteries, Fuel cells
Solar Energy & Buildings
Smart management Hybridation & Integration
Solar PV, CPV, CSP Electrical systems
Portable Energy Systems Nanotechnologies
Energetic efficiency Micro-sources Energy recovery Printed technology
Biomass & Hydrogen Energy Storage &Value Biofuels, C-waste, CO2 value
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Liten approach, based on Integrated Research
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From solar technologies… Solar PV: low cost, high efficiency
Thermal Solar: solar vacuum
SAED
Low cost Si production
PV: HET efficiency>20%
700kg ingot achieved
Solar CSP: peak shaving, co-generation -> heat + electricity
Vacuum solar tube T=150°C
Solar bench at INES
Solar CPV: very low cost
Sun X 1000
Solar Tower
FRESNEL: in-house 5
‌to Energy management and valorization Electricity management and smart grid Simulate d productio n
INCAS
PV
PV inverters
Heat Valorization
Storage
DC AC Com
Simulated loads
Real loads Cogeneration
Micro-NETWORK
Solar Integration and Energy Efficiency
Solar cooling Absorption chiller + innovative refrigerant
Thermal desalination Compact & low cost plate tech.
Solar Mobility
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From Batteries & Fuel Cells for EV/HEV‌
Li-air battery 200 cycles achieved
LiFePO4: Full stack system incl. thermal & electrical management
Battery Prototyping Line with RENAULT/NISSAN
80kWe Fuel Cell stack with PSA Compact: 40l Low Pt content: 0,3g/kW 7
To EV/HEV integration, monitoring & testing
FC for UAV
250kW EV test bench
BMS, smart & fast charging, Battery monitoring
Hybrid FC + Battery system 8
Biomass (2
nd
gen.)
Thermal Conversion Main Skills Full system approach
From biomass (solid, liquid) to biofuel
Bio-resource vs process
Optimization resource composition and process (project with Brazil)
Thermochemical processes
non-catalytic, fluidized or entrained ashes management
Biogas purification
inorganic, organic, control
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CO2 & C waste recycling Chemicals production CO2 + 3H2 CH3OH + H2O
Co-electrolysis CO2 + H2O CO + H2 (syngas) Biofuels
Biofuels
Precursors Polymers
=
ex : dry reforming of methane
Plasma-catalytic process -Activation of CO2, CH4,… - Lower temp., lower energy consumption
-500°C -20% energy
Thermal process
Plasma-catalytic 10
Hydrogen Energy Vector Hydrogen production
- High temp. Electrolysis - Low temp. Electrolysis - Biomass, CH4 reforming - Bio-catalytic adv. process
High pressure tank
Ceramic cells and generators for HT Electrolysis -> improve performances & durability
Safe H2 storage under MgH2 Pipe for H2 Storage
Hydrogen storage
- solid hydride (MgH2) - pipeline (material) - high pressure tank (700b.) 11
CPV Project in Tunisia From cell to full system, incl. storage for production shaving CPV module
Cell integration Cell Box Fresnel Lens (x1000)
Passive Cooling Robust and simple technology
Electricity storage Flywheel (mns)
Batteries (hours)
e- to grid reverting Optimized matching
CPV plant few MW
CPV unit, 11kWp
27% efficiency (system)
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