Swine Grist - Spring 2020

Swine Grist

A PERIODIC NEWSLETTER PRODUCED

BY GRAND VALLEY FORTIFIERS VOLUME 7, ISSUE 1 | SPRING 2020

Dear Friends, In many parts of Canada, this winter has been one of much less snow and warmer temperatures than we’re used to.

Talking with producers this month, many hope that we won’t end up “paying for” this easy winter, once the spring months arrive.

Thus far 2020 has definitely been an unpredictable year with the challenges of COVID-19 now being felt around the world and unpredictable hog prices, despite the significant decrease in the China hog population due to ASF. We pray the price will remain in our favour as pork producers everywhere are feeling the pinch. In spite of all these challenges we push on and work hard at the prospect of what the future may hold and reflect on the Lord’s goodness to us over the many years. This is especially real for all of us at Grand Valley Fortifiers this year as June 2020 will mark 60 years of us being in business. While it has not always been easy, it’s always been rewarding to work with those whom I believe to be the best part of our population, the farmers. We have enjoyed 60 years of business and relationships with many of you and for that we are extremely grateful. Our new 60th anniversary logo (displayed here) will begin popping up on all our communications shortly. Thank you to all of you who have made 60 years of GVF possible with your patronage.

Sincerely, Jim Ross, Founder & Chairman

ECONOMIC IMPACTS AT THE HAND OF INVISIBLE VIRUSES

by: IAN ROSS President & CEO, Grand Valley Fortifiers

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he outbreak of coronavirus (COVID-19) in Wuhan, starting on December 31st, 2019 has dominated news headlines so far in 2020. At the time of the writing of this article, COVID-19 has spread to 172 of the 195 countries of the world with over 850,000 confirmed cases and over 45,000 confirmed deaths attributed to the virus. Certainly, our thoughts and prayers are with all of the families that have been impacted by this new infectious virus. The human impact of this virus is significant and tragic.

The significant economic impact of COVID-19 is being felt globally. Major stock market indices have decreased from their highs by about 30%.

Major auto manufacturers have shut down production of their North American plants and now some are converting their production from cars to ventilators. Many retailers have chosen to close or, in many parts of the world, been forced to close by local or federal governments.

When COVID-19 first broke out in China, we were reminded just how many goods are sourced from China. With factories of all kinds been shuttered in various parts of China, keeping employees at home to mitigate the spread of the virus, global shortages of many types of goods have been felt. Many types of electronics, components and finished goods, are manufactured in China, including the Apple iphone. Empty sea containers have piled up in Asia as North American goods continued to head overseas but the volume of Chinese goods coming back was curtailed.

Dr. Samuel Waititu, Monogastric Nutritionist AB / SK: 1-866-610-5770 MB: 1-866-626-3933 fortifiednutritionltd.com

Swine-producing counties surveyed by Nong Cai Bao Dian journalist: Numbers are current swine inventory as percent of “normal” Cited by Dim Sums “80% Decline in Pigs in Country Survey by Journalist” December 30th 2019.

Human and livestock grade pharmaceuticals, and feed ingredients, including vitamins are all sourced from China. With the shortages and delays that have been experienced, vitamin prices are back on the rise.

However, news reports suggest that as the rest of the world faces shut downs or complete lock downs, China is beginning to “get back to work”.

With all of the news focus on COVID-19, African Swine Fever has taken a back seat on main stream and social media. None the less, the pork supply situation in China remains dire. Although the Chinese Ministry of agriculture and Rural Affairs states that “only” 40% of the national pig population has been eliminated due to ASF and that production is rebounding, the facts on the ground suggest that not only are herd rebuilding efforts

Ian Ross, President | Jim Ross, Chairman | David Ross, VP & CMO Dr. Martin Clunies | Bruce Schumann | Adam Totafurno | Kayla Silva, Monogastric Nutritionists Michael Peckover, Publisher

RAISING PIGS WITH LOW INCLUSIONS OF ZINC OXIDE

by: KEVIN DOLAN & VICTORIA SEIP Nursery Feeds Specialist, Primary Diets

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s farming livestock continues to be an environmental concern along with regulating antimicrobial resistance, the changes in use rate of zinc oxide (ZnO) are on the forefront of the research being done at Grand Valley Fortifiers. Over this past fall and winter, we have been testing a new range of nursery feeds: “XP” known for their Extra Protection against post-weaning scour and reduced levels of ZnO. These diets have been developed and tested over the last few years by Primary Diets in the UK, but we wanted to prove their efficacy within Ontario swine units as well. The Canadian Food Inspection Agency has “signaled” that our new maximum level of zinc that can be used in hog production will be 150 ppm.

We needed to be proactive and so we investigated ways to feed weaned pigs with only 150 ppm of ZnO versus the standard 2500 ppm of ZnO that is commonly fed in most nursery programs, but will no longer be allowed come the new feed regulations enactment.

Two side by side trials were conducted as all-in-all out with approximately 500 pigs on the XP program with only 150 ppm of ZnO and 500 pigs on a BioSure™ program with 2500 ppm of ZnO. These pigs were weaned at ~24 days at 6.6 kg. The BioForce® 180, BioForce® 240 XP and BioForce® 50 were all manufactured on-farm. The pigs were weighed at weaning, 14 days, 35 days and 42 days in the nursery. The budget fed to the pigs was as follows.

Feed

BioSure™

BioSure™ XP Trial

Surge

1 kg

—

—

1 kg

BioForce® 180

4 kg

—

BioForce® 240

—

4 kg

BioForce® 50

Balance

Balance

Surge XP

The pigs had similar performance in terms of weight gain (kg) and average daily gain (g/d) on both programs proving that the XP with reduced levels of ZnO was able to successfully raise pigs with the lower inclusion of ZnO. Performance results over the 42 days spent in the nursery can be seen in Figure’s 1 and 2. In the second trial, the pigs were faced with a scour and the performance on the group that was fed the XP range of diets did out perform the pigs on the regular BioSure™ program with a standard level of ZnO. Over the course of the scour, these pigs also combatted disease more effectively by not showing as severe clinical signs and having the scour clear up more quickly.

Figure 1: Nursery Average Daily Gain Over 42 Days Spent in the Nursery

Average Daily Gain

g/d

being severely challenged, journalistic calculations indicate that up to 80% of the Chinese swine herd has been eliminated in various regions of the country.

In November 2019, Rabobank Research indicated that 50% of the Chinese sow herd had been eliminated but Brett Stuart, president of the market research and analysis firm, Global AgriTrends, estimates that about two thirds (66%) of the Chinese swine herd has been lost. If Stuart is correct with his estimate, this pork production elimination would represent close to the equivalent all of the U.S.A. and E.U. pork production combined!

Given the global pork supply situation, and the resulting extreme values of pork globally, it is unconscionable that the CME lean hog price and resulting Canadian hog price is so comparatively low. The North American to global pork price differential is simply not sustainable. If we are able to keep ASF out of North America, there will be numerous years of high profit for pork producers here as well as for our pork producing counterparts throughout the world. CFIA and other government agencies have taken steps to reduce the risk of ASF being introduced to the swine herd in Canada. However, as one can imagine, the governmental priority now, is to mitigate the risk of spread of COVID-19 to the Canadian human population.

Recognizing the devastating impact of ASF on the Canadian swine industry, an industry that exports 70% of its production, the entire industry needs to remain vigilant in its efforts to mitigate the risk of ASF introduction into North America. Notwithstanding China’s extreme need for pork, the Chinese government continues to refuse to import pork from ASF positive countries. ASF has been found within a number of kilometers of the German border. Germany is currently providing about 17 percent of China’s pork imports. Some people have stated that Canada simply needs to be the last pork producing country to have a confirmed of ASF in order to protect its export markets. This philosophy is likely naïve at best. A confirmed case of ASF in Canada, at any time in the future will most certainly disrupt export trade at least for a number of weeks and this would have a very immediate and deleterious affect on pork prices. We are aware of some excellent work by a consortium of industry groups and commercial businesses that are putting plans in place to respond swiftly and in a coordinated manner in case ASF is ever confirmed in Canada. We applaud these efforts and yet we pray that these plans will never need to be enacted.

With the global outbreak of COVID-19 almost all international travel has been curtailed. This will certainly reduce the risk of ASF infected meat products making their way into North America in travelers’ luggage. However, are we, as an industry, doing enough to mitigate the risk of introduction of ASF to North America? Both CFIA and ANAC have provided recommendations to the feed industry regarding the importation of feed ingredients from ASF and FAD positive countries. Unfortunately, to date these remain unregulated and monitored recommendations. Should the industry impose peer pressure on itself by launching an ASF risk mitigation strategy certification process? Should producers insist that their suppliers embrace the CFIA and ANAC ASF risk mitigation recommendations or move their business elsewhere? How do we best ensure that ALL practical and pragmatic steps are being taken in the industry to mitigate the risk of ASF and best protect the livelihoods of thousands of pork producing, and pork processing families across the nation?

All practical measures should be deployed by both the government and the feed industry to mitigate the risk of introduction of ASF into Canada.

The industry cannot afford to find itself in a position of saying “would have, could have, should have” when it comes to the potential introduction of ASF into this export dependent Canadian pork industry. n

555 540 525 510 495 480 465 450

547

549 507

490

BioSure™

BioSure™ XP

Overall

BioSure™

BioSure™ XP Smalls

Swine Grist Figure 2: Feed Conversion Over 42 Days Spent in the Nursery 1.49 1.48 1.47 1.46 1.45 1.44

FCR 1.48 1.46

BioSure™

BioSure™ XP

Overall

1.46

1.46

BioSure™

BioSure™ XP

Smalls

We are continuing to test our XP range of diets in our efforts to prove that we can successfully raise pigs with a 150 ppm ZnO inclusion rate.

These products are not commercially available as of yet, but we are confident that given the results we are seeing that we are ready for the new regulations when they are enacted. n

PRECISION PORK PRODUCTION MADE POSSIBLE WITH REDVAN

by: VICTORIA SEIP Production Improvement Specialist, Grand Valley Fortifiers

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he variation in a pig’s growth can truly be a mystery and every day we work to understand how to better utilize the resources associated with raising these animals. We need to determine how we can improve gain and performance to get the animal to market as quickly and efficiently as possible. In 2019, Grand Valley Fortifiers and Farmers’ Farmacy started working with RedVan, a form of software and equipment from the Netherlands used to track the growth of pigs from birth to market.

Indication Gain/Pig (g/d) >260 190-260 125-190 <125

By using the RedVan system, pigs are tagged with an ultra high frequency (UHF) tag and weighed at birth. This tag stays in their ear until slaughter to track individual pig data. The data is collected sowside using a mobile device. Once the litter is registered, each piglet is listed under a specific sow id and individual weights are tracked and growth

is calculated. Using birth weights and weaning weights, this data is used to calculate individual gain on the sow to categorize pigs within their growth category. The system works with a colour coding system.

It’s important that we don’t forget the sow and the importance of her condition to produce the highest birth weights and weaning weights possible. With this system, sows are weighed going into and out of the farrowing crate to determine the impact of her weight loss during lactation. This measurement can be used to try and help her stay in the best condition to produce as much milk and prolific pigs as possible.

In the nursery, we have taken a subset of pigs and collected individual weights. This has helped us to once again sort and precision farm pigs through finishing, along with making conclusions from the data we collect. Did you know that we now have the numbers to prove that out of ~700 feeder pigs, males grow faster than females?

Once the pig has reached market weight and all data is collected, each pig has enough information to have created an individual passport through their production cycle. In that 6-month period, on the farm level, we can track back to: parity, sow id, birth weight, weaning weight, feeder pig weight, market weight, gain on the sow, gain in the nursery and cumulative average daily gain. Pretty amazing data to help us become more efficient producing pork!

To continue with our goal of knowing how efficiently that pig will grow and turn into the best quality market hog, we have been working with a packer who has agreed to accept individually tagged market hogs to get exact days to market on these tagged animals and be able to correspond that information to individual carcass traits and iodine value. Results have shown that pigs within the >260 g/d gain on the sow are able to make it to market in 12 days less than animals gaining <125 g/d on the sow.

The RedVan system has allowed us to embark on precision pork production like we’ve never been able to before. It will help our industry produce as much quality pork as possible in the most efficient manner and resourceful way. This technology has helped us learn a lot about the individuality of the animal and how we can manage and raise that animal to stay as healthy and viable as possible.

For more information about the RedVan system contact Farmers Farmacy at info@farmersfarmacy.com or call 1-866-527-6229. n

for tifiednutritionltd.com

TREADING ON THIN ICE: USING FIELD PEAS AND FABA BEANS TO REDUCE FEED COSTS

by: DR. SAMUEL WAITITU Monogastric Nutritionist, Fortified Nutrition Ltd.

4 G.A. White, L.A. Smith, J.G.M. Houdijk, D. Homer, I. Kyriazakis, J. Wiseman. 2015.

Replacement of soya bean meal with peas and faba beans in growing/finishing pig diets: Effect on performance, carcass composition and nutrient excretion. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 209, 202-210. n

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ately, international trade has been enveloped with uncertainty that has produced a scary ripple effect of disheartening events and news that are slowly choking the profitability of hog production. At such a time as this we can all relate to King David’s prayer when he exclaimed, “Save me, O God! The water is up to my neck; I am sinking in deep mud, and there is no solid ground; I am out in deep water, and the waves are about to drown me.” Surely, victors never quit, hence, to keep treading on thin ice or sinking sand every dollar we can save matters a lot and may be our only lifeline until the day the dark clouds of uncertainty are blown away. Whether the hog futures make us smile or frown, one thing remains a constant, if we have hogs in the barn, they must be fed! Therefore, if we reduce feed cost without compromising performance, we can maintain our financial resiliency despite the turbulent market. In western Canada, field peas and faba beans are more affordable than soybean meal and their use in growerto-finish and breeding herd rations does not negatively affect growth or reproductive performance and may reduce feed cost.

Pigs should only be fed on field peas that are harvested at maturity.

The concentration of fiber, trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitors in field peas is relatively low that it does not impact palatability or performance, and the enzyme inhibitors can be deactivated by heating. Compared to soybean meal, peas have relatively high concentration of lysine, but low concentration of methionine, cysteine, and tryptophan. The digestibility of starch in peas is high hence it also replaces grains in rations. Based on research data published by Pulse Canada, Hickling (2003)1 recommends a maximum inclusion of 10, 30 and 20% of peas in starter, grower-finisher and sow rations sufficiently supplemented with amino acids, respectively.

The nutrient composition of faba beans is close to that of field peas except for having tannins and a higher crude fibre content. However, newer varieties of faba beans containing less than 1% tannins (also called zerotannin faba beans) are available in western Canada (Zijlstra et al., 2008)2.

The metabolizable energy content in faba beans is less than in field peas but can be increased by extrusion. Stein et al (2016)3 recommend a maximum inclusion of 20 and 30% conventional and zero-tannin faba beans, respectively, in grower-finisher rations sufficiently supplemented with amino acids. Moreover, they recommended same inclusion levels as those for peas in starter and sow rations owing to the similarities in the chemical composition of the two feedstuffs.

Recently, White et al. (2015)4 reported that field peas and faba beans can replace all the soybean meal in diets fed to growing and finishing pigs without negatively influencing pig performance, and carcass composition and quality. Generally, considering the current cost of feedstuffs, one tonne of complete barley-wheat-field peas- or barley-wheat-faba beans-based finisher ration will cost about $7 to $15 cheaper than a barley-wheat-soybean meal-based finisher ration. Since the antinutritional factors in field peas and faba beans are less concerning in grower pigs and sows, they are worth being considered for feed cost reduction. Seemingly, we are in a season where sages would say, “when a lion cannot find the flesh to feed on, it has no choice but to eat the grass.”

1 Hickling D. 2003. Canadian feed peas industry guide. Published by Pulse Canada.

2 Zijlstra, R.T., Lopetinsky, K., Beltranena, E., 2008. The nutritional value of zero-tannin faba bean for grower-finisher pigs. Can. J. Anim. Sci 88, 293–302.

3 HH Stein, LV Lagos, GA Casas. 2016. Nutritional value of feed ingredients of plant origin fed to pigs. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 218, 33–69.

ASF - INGREDIENT RISK MITIGATION STRATEGY

by: BRUCE SHUMANN & IAN ROSS

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n the wake of African Swine Fever (ASF) and other Foreign Animal Disease (FAD) threats, the control of potential biological risks (viruses, bacteria) in feedstuffs have taken center stage. Dr. Scott Dee initiated studies that demonstrated some ingredients commonly used in the manufacturing of livestock feed, if contaminated, could maintain a virus (ex. PEDv) and allow it to survive a transatlantic voyage. The Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) has increased its oversight and inspection of high-risk ingredient importation including a mandatory CFIA facility questionnaire for the importation of unprocessed/raw grains and oilseeds into Canada from specific countries including processing temperatures and storage time/temperatures. The importation of grains, especially organic grains are coming under the most scrutiny, by the CFIA because of their perceived risk of carrying ASF or other FADs. The GVF group of companies does not import any high-risk ingredients as defined by CFIA, from any country of concern with respect to African swine fever. For any other ingredients (ex: choline chloride, amino acids, etc.) that do come from overseas. Grand Valley Fortifiers and Fortified Nutrition Limited, have either put additional risk mitigation procedures in place ourselves, or in partnership with our manufacturers/suppliers. Ingredients, purchased from overseas, have a mandatory hold procedure in our warehouses at 20 degrees Celsius for 20 days at minimum (CFIA/ ANAC recommendation), but often these are held for 60 days prior to use. In addition, manufacturers and/or distributors who receive products from overseas have provided declarations that speak to ASF security procedures including additional storage time/temperatures of their products, vehicle disinfection procedures etc. As an industry we need to do as much as we can to keep ASF out of Canada. If you are looking for more information on how you can further protect your farm operation against ASF and other FADs, please check out the link below to the Animal Nutrition Association of Canada’s Biosecurity Guide, which is a National guideline, adopted by most of the feed industry. n http://bit.ly/ANACBiosecurityGuide

Thought for the Day being strengthened with all power according to his glorious might so that you may have great endurance and patience, 12and giving joyful thanks to the Father, who has qualified you to share in the inheritance of his holy people in the kingdom of light.

– Colossians 1:11-12 11