A Pattern Survey of Geneva : The Leman Metropolis

Urban Planning Techniques teacher: Gabellini / assistant: Alessandro Martinelli AAM 2011_spring / ex01 Miguel Carvalho / Florent Girelli

A Pattern Survey of : Geneva The Leman Metropolis

Swiss Context What ?

7 statistics regions NUTS 2

catholic dioceses

diversification

religious orientations

federation of swiss protestant

185 political districts

fragmented CH

industry + services industry economic specializations clusters

services agriculture

specialization Alps geological

Jura Mittelland

A Pattern Survey of : Geneva The Leman Metropolis

Swiss Context Where ?

german french languages

italian reatoromanic

integration Switzerland / Franche-Comt茅 Switzerland / Rh么ne-Alpes interreg CH = multiface island into EU

Switzerland / Italy Lower Rhine / Lake Constance / Upper Rhine

20% - 30% going it alone

EU voting

10% - 19% less than 10%

A Pattern Survey of : Geneva The Leman Metropolis

Swiss Context How ?

part of EU compitition

2060 : 8 700 000 inhab.

consolidating the swiss population, services and industrial clusters in the five major agglomerations with higher densities

CH vs. World active + positive role WW chessboard

clusternig the swiss population, services and industrial in three bigger cities on the borders; each with clear identity 2011 : 7 785 806 inhab.

A Pattern Survey of : Geneva The Leman Metropolis

Basel Z端rich Bern Leman Metropolis Sotto Ceneri german

french italian

Lausanne Lake Geneva metropolitan region : 1 region / 2 catchment areas

Geneva

Lake Leman Context The Leman Metropolis

Neuchatel Bern active agglomerations

Yverdon

metropolitan centres Lausanne Vevey / Montreux

Leman Metropolis

unified socio-economic + political framework

metropolitan zone high socio economic level perimetropolitan area

Martigny Geneva

metropolitan influence

Bellegarde Anncey

to Basel to Zurich to Paris

to Basel

Yverdon

to Zurich

high speed railway Lausanne

existing fast common connections

Vevey / Montreux

main railway connections

3 speed railways 2 speed railways 1 speed railways

Aigle Geneva to Sierre to Lyon

Yverdon 340 000 inhab.

Lausanne demographic repartition

Vevey / Montreux Aigle Geneva

border agglomerations

190 000 inhab.

65 000 inhab.

38 000 inhab.

A Pattern Survey of : Geneva The Leman Metropolis

Lake Leman Swiss / French border

Switzerland

Lake Leman

France

A Pattern Survey of : Geneva The Leman Metropolis

Geneva / Lausanne E 25 / E 62 / A1

Lausanne

5 kms

62.4 kms E 62 / E25 / A1

Geneva

A Pattern Survey of : Geneva The Leman Metropolis

Swiss / French border 1km x 1km grid

1 km x 1km

A Pattern Survey of : Geneva The Leman Metropolis

Lake Leman North Shore 20 samples

19 + 20 18 16 + 17

15 14 13 12

11 10

09

08

07

06

05 04

03 02 01

A Pattern Survey of : Geneva The Leman Metropolis

Different Potentials 20 samples database

A Pattern Survey of : Geneva The Leman Metropolis

17

18

19

20

13

14

15

16

09

10

11

12

05

06

07

08

01

02

03

04

Quantitative Analysis

17

18

19

20

13

14

15

16

09

10

11

12

05

06

07

08

01

02

03

04

Built areas

Locked areas

Public spaces

0%

Grey spaces

A Pattern Survey of : Geneva The Leman Metropolis

10 %

20 %

30 %

40 %

50 %

Green spaces

Quantitative Analysis 17

18

19

Locked areas

10 %

20 %

Grey spaces

30 %

40 %

Public spaces

0%

50 %

Green spaces

10 %

20 %

Grey spaces

13

30 %

40 %

10 %

20 %

Grey spaces

30 %

40 %

10 %

20 %

Grey spaces

30 %

40 %

Green spaces

Grey spaces

40 %

10 %

Grey spaces

05

20 %

30 %

40 %

10 %

Grey spaces

20 %

30 %

40 %

Public spaces

50 %

Grey spaces

Green spaces

20 %

30 %

40 %

Public spaces

0%

Grey spaces

A Pattern Survey of : Geneva The Leman Metropolis

10 %

20 %

30 %

40 %

Green spaces

10 %

20 %

30 %

40 %

Grey spaces

20 %

30 %

40 %

Green spaces

10 %

Grey spaces

20 %

30 %

40 %

50 %

Green spaces

Built areas

Locked areas

Public spaces

Public spaces

0%

10 %

Grey spaces

20 %

30 %

40 %

10 %

20 %

30 %

40 %

50 %

50 %

Grey spaces

Green spaces

Green spaces

04 Built areas

Built areas

10 %

50 %

Public spaces

0%

Public spaces

0%

40 %

Green spaces

0%

Green spaces

Locked areas

Green spaces

Locked areas

30 %

Locked areas

50 %

03

50 %

20 %

08

Built areas

Locked areas

Public spaces

10 %

Grey spaces

Public spaces

50 %

02 Built areas

Green spaces

0%

Built areas

10 %

50 %

Built areas

Grey spaces

Locked areas

40 %

Locked areas

50 %

Green spaces

0%

Green spaces

0%

01

40 %

Locked areas

Built areas

Public spaces

30 %

07

Built areas

30 %

12

50 %

06

Locked areas

20 %

Built areas

Public spaces

0%

Green spaces

0%

Public spaces

10 %

11

50 %

20 %

Built areas

Grey spaces

Locked areas

Public spaces

30 %

10 %

Grey spaces

Green spaces

0%

Built areas

20 %

Public spaces

0%

50 %

16

50 %

10

10 %

40 %

Locked areas

Public spaces

0%

Built areas

0%

30 %

Built areas

Locked areas

Green spaces

Locked areas

20 %

15

50 %

09

10 %

Grey spaces

Green spaces

Locked areas

Public spaces

0%

Built areas

Public spaces

0%

Locked areas

50 %

14 Built areas

Locked areas

Built areas

Built areas

Locked areas

Public spaces

0%

20

Built areas

Built areas

Locked areas

Public spaces

0%

50 %

Grey spaces

10 %

20 %

30 %

40 %

Green spaces

Locked areas

Public spaces

0%

50 %

Grey spaces

10 %

20 %

30 %

40 %

Green spaces

50 %

Pattern Catalogue Historiacal center 03 Built areas

Locked areas

Public spaces

0%

10 %

Grey spaces

20 %

30 %

40 %

50 %

high density districts closed courtyards _private properties intrusion of infrastructures _public facilities / transportation nodes

Green spaces

19 Built areas

Locked areas

Public spaces

0%

Grey spaces

10 %

20 %

30 %

40 %

50 %

different scaled streets overlaping _historical shifting

Green spaces

integrated green areas _parks / public gardens

groups of building former of genuine city cores _the streets are the result private plots alignement _multiple patterns mainly according to historical periods old urban fabric forming districts _source of different uses + populations + social behaviour generaly high density patterns condensing activities but limited in terms of newer flexibility

A Pattern Survey of : Geneva The Leman Metropolis

Pattern Catalogue Industrial Cluster 02 Built areas

Locked areas

Public spaces

0%

10 %

20 %

Grey spaces

30 %

40 %

large footprints buildings

50 %

Green spaces

14 Built areas

Locked areas

Public spaces

0%

10 %

20 %

Grey spaces

30 %

40 %

singular internal layout enclosed by large scaled streets

50 %

Green spaces

17 Built areas

Locked areas

Public spaces

0%

Grey spaces

10 %

20 %

30 %

40 %

50 %

no green area inside cluster

Green spaces

grey area connects utility space waterproof ground continuous large surface

group of warehouses dealing mainly with same typology _deposits / garages / supplies facilities industrial clusters behaviour is autonome in its use but totaly dependant in its activites _mono orientated function or use built components linked by artificial sleek ground denying public space functions _public / private transition generaly doesn’t exist

A Pattern Survey of : Geneva The Leman Metropolis

Pattern Catalogue Planned District 06 Built areas

Locked areas

Public spaces

0%

10 %

Grey spaces

20 %

30 %

40 %

small footprints buildings repetitive components

50 %

Green spaces

18 Built areas

Locked areas

Public spaces

0%

Grey spaces

10 %

20 %

30 %

40 %

50 %

singular internal layout enclosed by large scaled streets

Green spaces

fence separated gardens create a continuous green area

repetitive components often deal with a general masterplan lead by public or private promoters to involved targeted population in local housing _high standing districts / gated communities / social housing in case of individual housing the public common space is underrated facing financial pressure _gardens in a row / unspecific plot / standard use

A Pattern Survey of : Geneva The Leman Metropolis

Pattern Catalogue Diffuse Settlement 01 Built areas

Locked areas

Public spaces

0%

10 %

20 %

Grey spaces

30 %

40 %

small footprints buildings sprayed layout

50 %

Green spaces

05 Built areas

Locked areas

Public spaces

0%

10 %

Grey spaces

20 %

30 %

40 %

50 %

hierarchicaly served plot + private properties private allees to private properties

Green spaces

15 Built areas

Locked areas

Public spaces

0%

Grey spaces

10 %

20 %

30 %

40 %

surrounded by damaged countryside _fields / woods

50 %

Green spaces

repitition of object creating low density areas and monotonous denying context and larger scale topic of urbanisation as the gain of private property grows, the surrounding green area is damaged by progressive alteration this trend tends to create endless continuous built area of urban unefficiency even if the proposed objects belong to a high quality range

A Pattern Survey of : Geneva The Leman Metropolis

Pattern Catalogue Diffuse Settlements 07 Built areas

Locked areas

Public spaces

0%

10 %

20 %

Grey spaces

30 %

40 %

50 %

small footprints buildings sprayed along large scale roadways / acces create low density sprawl

Green spaces

09 Built areas

Locked areas

Public spaces

0%

10 %

Grey spaces

20 %

30 %

40 %

homogenuous street network contrasting with larger scale roadways

50 %

Green spaces

11 Built areas

Locked areas

Public spaces

0%

10 %

Grey spaces

20 %

30 %

40 %

surrounded by damaged countryside _fields / woods

50 %

Green spaces

13 Built areas

Locked areas

Public spaces

0%

10 %

Grey spaces

20 %

30 %

40 %

50 %

Green spaces

08 Built areas

Locked areas

Public spaces

0%

Grey spaces

A Pattern Survey of : Geneva The Leman Metropolis

10 %

20 %

30 %

40 %

Green spaces

50 %

Pattern Catalogue Citadel 16 Built areas

Locked areas

Public spaces

0%

10 %

20 %

Grey spaces

30 %

40 %

different scaled buildings laidout according to a singular logic

50 %

Green spaces

20 Built areas

Locked areas

Public spaces

0%

Grey spaces

10 %

20 %

30 %

40 %

50 %

bordering by main access roads contrasting with internal street organisation

Green spaces

surrounded by countryside _fields / woods

large continuous grey area waterproof ground

recent specialized clusters contrasting with their own context _campus / “non-lieux� bordered by big axis of commnication and networks creating enclosed groups of building or infrastructures result of rescent planning dealing with contemporary worldwide development

A Pattern Survey of : Geneva The Leman Metropolis

Pattern Catalogue Green Area 10 Built areas

Locked areas

Public spaces

0%

10 %

Grey spaces

20 %

30 %

40 %

small entities grouped according to a vernacular logic create low density areas

50 %

Green spaces

12 Built areas

Locked areas

Public spaces

0%

10 %

Grey spaces

20 %

30 %

40 %

homogenuous street network contrasting with larger scale roadways

50 %

Green spaces

04 Built areas

Locked areas

Public spaces

0%

Grey spaces

10 %

20 %

30 %

40 %

50 %

surrounded by damaged countryside _fields / woods

Green spaces

in the middle of gren regions mainly dedicated to agriculture or large surface natural activities _fields / protected zones / parks presence of housing is an heritage of historical and vernacular development _village / farms networks are set at primary step and deliver tiny activites nodes

A Pattern Survey of : Geneva The Leman Metropolis

Paterns Localization A almost diffused continuous city between two poles

A Pattern Survey of : Geneva The Leman Metropolis

19 20

Citadels Historical Centers

18

Planned Dsitrict

16 17

Industrial Cluster Citadels

15

Diffused Settlement

14

Industrial Cluster

13

Diffused Settlement Continuous City

12

Green Areas

11

Diffused Settlement Continuous City

10

Green Areas

09

Diffused Settlement Continuous City

08

Diffused Settlement Continuous City

07

Diffused Settlement Continuous City

06

Planned Dsitrict

05

Diffused Settlement

04

Green Areas

03

Historical Centers

02

Industrial Cluster

01

Diffused Settlement