Beaulieu 4008 ZMII - Brochure

EI'ery page will brillK )'OU prooJ Ihal Beaulieu Iwsjilled il.~· 1/1'11' Cilll'I'lllllera lI'illt Ihe 111051 (ldulllce(IJeature.~·; they illl'idellrally are a/.w, Ihe IIIm·t depen­ dable.

III order 10 llchie re slIch ulIIIsllal/v brilliant perJormllllce, e/e('(rol1ics ml~1 milliaillri=ation techniques h{/I'e to he used. Th e.fe techniques, which 11lI1'e 1/011' beell ill U.fe Jor m allY year.f. htll'e reached Ihe peok oj perJel'fioll: 1he.l' ellsurt' 1'1'1'11 f{realer opermil1K r('liabi­ lity alld simplin'ty ojlIc/ioll/hall OIher 11/('('/ullliclll melll/s . ...

A - Battery A' _Sound sync h ro niza tion socket B - Ballery char!:i ng socket B' - Tape-recorder s tart /stop soc ket C - Master swi tch D - J-position power-su ppl y s witch E - Rele ase bullon ;111(1 c;,ble-relcase soc ket F _ Emulsion-speed sellin!; sys tem G - Filmin!;- spced scle~tor H - Frame coun le r I - Foo tage counte r J - Focussing-sc rcen retra clin!: Kn ob K - AlJlomOl t ic diaphr;,gm eon lro l system ( Re!;loma t ie - Ikaulieu I';"enll L - Manual tliaphra!;m-SCllin !; rin!: M - Focuss in g ring N - Electric :.o:oom o - Elect ri c zoom cont rol con ta cts P - Ma nu al zoom co nlrol rin g Q - Electr ic zooming-s peed adj us tmen l knob R - Remote cont rol socke t S - Single-Fram", rdease soc k",t T - Variabl e shuller setting kn ob U - Macrocinemalograph y control'e\'",r V - Aut o mat ic maxim um-aperture and te­ lephoto lens-posi tio n sell ing bUll on W _ Vi ewfinder X - Viewfinder eyepiece Focussina rin S Y - Art ificial light filter-slide slot Z - Wri st-strap screw socket

EI"ECTRI CA L SPECIFI CATI ONS

The camera's consumption is nat u­

rall y depe ndent on the filming speed.

It lies between 300 rnA at 18 rps and

500 rnA a t 70 fps.

Batte ry-charge check buill in.

I)OWER SUPPLY

Nic kel-Ca dmium accumula tor batte­

ries fi tti ng into the camera (i nterc han­

geable con tainers).

Curren t : 250 rnA .

Full y charged, the ballery-s capacity

is su fficient ror shooting 8 to 12 car­

tridges at 18 fps .

T hc batteries arc charged from thc

wall socket with a dua l- vol t:tge

30 rnA c harger.

T he batteries can be charged from

va rious Iypes of 12-V batt eries (c:tr ,

boat, plane, etc. ), using a special

charge r.

L OA DI NG

Immediate, with slandard Super 8 cartridges.

50-rt

Super- luminou s reflex viewfinde r. A mirror set at 45" on Ihe gui ll ot ine-type shutle r alte rnately directs all the light o n 10 the fi lm or into the viewfi nder.

"Fine-grain" ground-glass foc ussing scree n.

Viewfind er eye piece magnificati o n : x 27.

FI L MI NG SPEEDS

An electronically regulated electric moto r gives very st:tble fi lm in g at wh:ltever speed is chosen (between 2 and 70 fps).

For the fo llowing 9 typical filmin g speeds, exposure times are: 2

4

8

18

25

16

SO

70

,

LENS

Interchangeable; I " C mount - 32

t hreads per inch - Standard extension­

Angenieux f: 1.9 Zoom lens, foca l

length 8 to 64 mm (.3 15" to 2.520"),

fitted with: the Beaulieu" Reglo matic"

automatic diaph ra gm, a va ria ble­

speed elec tric drive for the focal ­

length adjustment ring (zoom), and

with a macro cinematograph ic co n­

trol lever which all ow filmin g at dis­

tances o f I mm (less than 1/ 25 " ) to

i nfin it y ( s malle st fi e ld cove r e d:

2 1 x 15.5 mm , o r .827" x .6 10" ).

SYNCHRONOUS SOUN D

The socket, o n the side o fth c ca mera, d ri ves a synch ro-pilot or a contact switc h ensu ring so und/pi ctu re syn­ chroniz:lt io n; one of the sockets, at the back o f the camera, controls the start/sto p system of the tape-recorde r VAR I AB L E S I-I UTI'ER

V;triable-slo t shutter with a " locked" positio n :It half-aperture. Allows f'lde-ins .tnd fade-o uts.

COUNn : RS

Footage counter: a mechan ical co un ­ ter, graduated in fee t and in meters.

It sho ws the le ngth of film already exposed. Automatic re-zeroing Fnm e counter : graduated from 0 to lO(l A mil led knob a llows zero set­ ting.

REL EASE

V I EWF I NDER

Spee d in ip o:

A poten tiometer adjusts the system according to the e mulsion speed set ( 10 to 400 ASA). It is interco nnected with the film in g-speed mechan ism.

PHOTOCELL

High-sensitivity reflex cell.

It receives all the light rays comi ng through the lens, a nd is powered by the camera's Nickel-Ca dmium bat­ tery.

This cel l triggers the micromotor d ri­ ving the electronically-controlled iris diaphragm of the lens itsel f ( Reglo­ matic) ; this control is pe rfo rmed by a shock-proo f galvanometer (Gossen ) fi tted with a check ing poin ter visible in the viewfinder.

• no rma l filming: by simultaneously d epressing the power-supply swi tch an d the release butto n. ) • conti nuous filming: by lock in", po wer supply switch and by rotating the release button thro ugh 90 '.

• sin gle -frame filming: by use of a fl exi ble cable release.

• remote control : by line. radio,i nter­ valometer, etc.

A CCESSOR I ES

( supplied with the camera) • cha rger • wrist strap • hand blo­ we r • rub ber eye-shield (for viewfin­ der eyepiece).

O ther accessories: • Inde pendent battery con tainer and charging unit _ Connecting plug and cord for the camera _ Charging cord for use with 12- V batteries (ca r. boat, e tc .) _ Mi croscope adaptor tube - Adaptor tube for 24 x 36 mm mi­ niature camera lenses • a ngular I -ft release cable _ Came ra case W EI G HT

Body witho ut fillings 900 g ( 1.98 Ibs) Lens 600 g (1 .32 Ibs) Total weigh t 1,500 g (3 .30 Ibs) D IM ENSI ONS

Overall length Overall height Breadt h

260 mm (10.24 ins.)

170mm{ 6. 70ins.)

70 mm ( 2.76 ins.)

I

"

I

Viewing

the shot...

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Reflex ,'i.. ,.,ing will! light picked liP iI/sid" ril" I<'IIS

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REFLEX VIEW FINDER Rcncx viewing is a mllst.for severa! reasons : yO ll have to frame you r shot according to aesthetic imperatives, yO ll have to be able to cen te r a close-up subject perfectlY,and you have to vary yO UT framing accord ing to the foca l length you arc using. Now the rcllex system is the only olle

which will allow you to observe and to se lect, through the le ns, the very picture yo u will later sec on the film.

100% light on the film ...

100% light on the giant-screen viewfinder

What choice of technical solutions did BEAU LI EU have when fittin g up the new 4008 ZM 2 '!

I - Production of a refl ex \'irtual image by picking up light from the object lens?

T his is a method widely used in amateur cine-cameras.

T he image is picked up ins ide the le ns,i n front of the dia­ phragm . by two bon ded 45" prisms with o ne se mi-reflect­ ing surface: part of the light in ten ded to produce an image on the film is thus directed towards the viewfinder, in order that the image may be obse rved. "fhis system gives a ve ry luminous image under all co nditions, for diaphragm aperture has no incidence on luminosi ty in the viewfi nder. but it appreciably reduced the amount of light reach in g the film, and makes lens exchanges im possible. Moreover. in current practice , it only gives a "virtua l " image.

2 - Refl ex viewing with a semi-reflect ing mirror built into the camera?

This system consists in placing between lens and film a thin sheet of semi-reflecting glass set at 45· ; it takes up part of the light coming from the lens be fore its passage throu gh the shutter, and directs it into the viewfinder.

Closely related to that previously described , this system makes it poss ible to change object lenses, but means that viewing is depe ndent o n the aperture, limitin g viewfinder luminosity and not mak ing full usc of the lens' defin iti on (duplication of the image); it is moreover fragile where maintenance is concerned.

3 - Refl ex viewing with a prism built into the camera ? .

T his system, whose characteristics are in many respects similar to those of the previous system, does not have its fragil ity but causes a modification in the lens' optical extension, therefore calling fo r specially corrected object lenses - in other words. non-standard lenses.

4 - Reflex viewing with a mirror-carrying shutter?

A guillotine-type shutter set at 45" acts as support for a

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Ri/f".\" 1"1,'",1111: ",irror-r"I"l'ring

mirror. Durin g the lime or ex posure, the shutter mi rro r a llows all the light rays to impinge on the film . While the film is moving from one frame 10 the nex t, all the light is directed into the viewfinder .

This system, wh ich is 100 % lum inous, gives a viewing image free from any degradation. The lumi nosi ty available for viewing is so great thaI it allows an image magnification of x 27,and that a ground-glass focu ssing scree n should be put betwee n le ns and viewfi nder whenever pin-poi nt focussing is necessa ry. As against thi s. when the camera is running, the image see n in the viewfinder flickers (alterna­ ti ng motion of Ihc sh utte r mirror).and the degree of ma­ chin ing acc uracy req uired to produce the parts is such (less than one micron = 1/ 1,000 mm 0.00003937 i ~) that the ir cost price is, quite nat ura ll y, high.

Where BEAULIEU is concerned, the choice made was based on the following criteria: • Best possible definition on the fi lm. la rge-magn ifica tion viewfinder . pin-point focu ssing . interchangeable lenses After studying these various reflex viewing systems, it was found that only the mirror-shutter ty pe would comply with all these various imperatives; that is why it is fitted o n the 4008 ZM 2.

J

An original refinemem for yet easier " pi n-point " focuss ing A simple pressure on butto n,and yo ur diaphragm opens "'ide whi le the lens assumes the" telephoto " position. Maximum diaphragm a­ pe rture and the very small depth of tield in the teleph oto position arc essential to the lines! appreciation of pin-p oint focus.

G IANT -SC RE EN VIEWFINDER

T his viewfinder, with its powerful eyepiece, gives an unusually large

magnification of th e image. T he actual magnificat ion has been calc u­

lated to cover the eye's widest field . Enlar~cd and luminous, the SCl:ne

being filmed ca n be seen in its finest details.

It would be possible to adopt an even grea ter magnification, bu t the

eye would then no longer instantaneously cover the entire image.

Th e viewfinder includ es a battery_charge_check a nd cell-react ion­

check pointer, and a film-movement indicator. The viewfinder eye­

piece can be adjusted for best possible viewing by the operator.

Th e giant-screen viewfinder co vers rhe ere's /lraxil!lulJl .field .

Datl.ngl"" amphl.e,

variable, • progressive -speed electric Zoom (2-12 seconds)

Sel/ill/: :""",illK .rfWI',J

Z uu m forw"rr/ <II,r/ r"n'fse

( fru m 2to 12 ,'cr.f.).

IIW"I'lII ell/ switches.

The Zoom system is a progress ive co mbination of focal

lengths stretching fro m wide-angle to telephoto effects. It

allows the operat or to adjust foc,tllcngth a.. he will. and

thus to obtain the most striking. or the most suitable. fra­

ming for the scene being filmed. Modific:llions in framing

produced wh ilc filming give an effect of incrcasing or de·

creasing distance (Known:ls the "optical dolly shot ".) In

order to facilitate the smoothness of thi s type of shot,

particularly when filming without a tripod. certain cine·

cameras arc fittcd with an electrically-controlled zoomin g

system .

T he time of variation of the 4008 ZM 2's zoom is of great a mplitude. with a 1 : 6 ratio(times of2 to 12 secs.),gO, · from lxlrel y perceptible motion to ve ry fast appaTen, place ment of the subject.

If a stead y dolly shot is required.an electro nic regulation system ensures constant speed throughout the range offo­ cal len gt hs. Generally speaking. on electric zooming devices. an immediate stop is impossible. In order to eli­ mina te mechanical incrtia, BE AULIEU has made use of a series of so-ca lled " all-or-not hing·' microswitche s which immediately halt movemcnt.

What choice of techn ica l solutions did BEA ULIE U have

when fitting up the 4008 ZM 2 ?

I - The single-speed electric Zoom?

Thi s is the si mplest :lnd least expensive technical solution.

but limited in its possibilities,for a same consta nt speed

of approach or recession is not suitable for all subjects .

2 - The multiple-speed electric Zoom ?

Thi s system. more adaptable than the first. all ows comple­

mentary zooming effects. [t is however usually limited to

2 or 3 fixed speeds.

3 - The va riable-speed electric Zoom ?

This sol ution. technically perfect but costly. had hitherto

been uscd on T V cameras for live broadcasting. It allows

all dolly-shot effects: very quick fades from one seq uence

to the next. acceleration or retardation of a pproach or

recession effects, immediate framing cha nges.

BEAULIEU has sdected this professionaltcchnique,and A /IeII' style in dolly shots: (lc('elerare or slow (Iown =oomillg adapter! it to the requirements of the amateur cameraman. speed- while actually zooming!

point-blank range macro­ cinematography

D;aXrllm $/"'"';111: ,I,.. prillri"I,' ,,/ II". Z m"".

,l/ller" ,,·,-," ' II"ad illllflf't'f"'oS/ p"sit;""

,110("roft'.'('r 1",,,,1 iII/oil' POSiliOIl

marru

( llor mal liS..).

( Sho rt-fllllg .. list' j.

A mere coi n. fil med so close up [hat it fi lls the whole scree n. takes o n the a spect of a h(l.~.';o·riliI!l'O a nd is see n in qu ite an unusu:lllighl.

T his is macrocincmatographic magic-an un prccc dcntcd occasion for the amateur to achieve amazing elTects from thc most Ifining objccts - and to give his film s a personal art istic <Lngle lend ing them the professional touch.

But if mac rocincmatograph y was to be made really acces­

sible , special additi onal lcllscs and accessories requ ired by most cinecameras had to b.: done a way with .

What is the advantage? Yo u can now film upton distance of I mm (less than 1/ 25" !) fro m the lens fro nt ,at a ny f~1 lengt h, and thu<; avoid movin g thecamera in order tOfr; _1 Since the zoo m system remains usable, perfect focus m,IY be achieved by melms of the electric zooming device.

A change in the positioll of the macro lever while fllmin g will res ult in complete abse nce of focu s; this can be a most spectacular way o r going from one sequence to thc nex t ( soft-foc us fad e).

What choice of technical solutions did BEA ULI EU ha\'e

when fi tting up the new 4008 Z M 2 ?

1,

t - D isplacement of the intermed iate Zoom lenses?

Displnce ment or individual lenses inside the object-lens

system allows regular variation or rocussing be t ween in fi­

nity and 1.2 inches. u sing the dista nce ring.

Thi s system however limits the use or the lens to a d eter­

mined focal length (usually telephoto ).Changc o fframing.

tha nk s to the Zoom device,beco mes impossibl e: the came­

ra's positi on with regard to the subject has to be cha nged.

2 - Displacement oHhe Zoom system's rear lenses?

Conventi o nally spea king, macrocinematographic effects

arc o btai ned by fitl ing intermediate extension rings bet­

ween the camera bod y and the lens. thus lengthen ing the

opticnl extension. the rear group o f lenses being displaced.

In order to avoid modifying the basic lens' qualities of

defin ition. BEA UL I EU has managed to build the principle

of this increase of focal le ngth into the object lens itselr,

by d isplncing the rear group or lenses.

III greatest macrocinc magnification position, the field cO I'ere(/ olllhis coin (shown ill itstruesize 011 ( right ) /11111/ ( rather less Ih(lll 3/64" ) from the fellS i.t l} x 15.5 111m (or 53/64" y

39/64") !

The Super 8 normal filming speed is 18 fps. Thi s is (he slow­ est speed at wh ich correct movement reproduction is achieved. I n casc of subseq uent sou nd effects or commen­ tary, a spccd of 24 fps or 25 fps,aeeord ing to countries, is necessary. I n order to adjust sequence motion according to subjects, it is desirable that filming speed should be va riable, so as to obtain on projection either an "llccelera­ tion" effect (filming speeds of less than 18 fps) or a slow­ motion effect (filming speeds in excess of 18 fps) .

What choice of technical solutions did BEAULIEU have when fitting up the new 4008 ZM 2 ?

Two systems are possible: a mechanical process, or an electronic device.

1- Centrifugal (and therefore mechanical ) regulation?

Classic motor. Leaves you the choice of several speeds . To keep them constant, one of the possibilities for stabilization is the adoption of a Watt-type regulator connected to the drive shaft. Acting by centrifugal force, it cuts off the power supply when the chosen speed is exceeded . This so­ lution, which is both relatively simple and inexpen sive, is perfectly satisfactory for a limited range of 2 or 3 speeds corresponding to notches on the" filming-speed" dial­ switch cannot, of course, be changed, and is therefore bereft of any intermediate adjustments. Wit h it, filming at a speed below 8 fps is unthinkable - and very sel dom is it possible to film at over 32 fps .

2 - Transistorized electronic regulation?

Transistorized regulation systems allow a classic motor to withstand large speed variations without loss of power

while ensuring perfcct rotational sleadiness at all possible Lp.m .. The principle is as foll ows : should the motor's speed drop, the voltage delivered by the generator drops; at J,-\ moment. a transistorized amplifier feeds the motor a hi !, ) amperage, thus allowing it to resume its normal speed. ThIS feed-back mechanism naturallyaets the other waY,should the motor's speed increase, These regulation phenomena occur within a few Ihou, sa ndths ofa second, They are permanen tly effective, thus ensurin g perfectly regular film movement. Over and above perfect steadiness of pace, another advantage is that a very wide range offilmingspeeds becomes available, both where slow and high speeds arc concerned - and this con tinuously, all intermediate spC'eds be ing usable - even in the middle of a sequence!

That is why BEAULIEU has chosen this solution,which allows the 4008 ZM2 to go right down to 2 fps when filming a stalic, poorly-l it subject ( 1/7 sec, exposure), and to climb up to 70 fps for slow-slow-motion effects. You can change filming speeds while fi lming, for the automatic diaphragm control is coupled with the camera filming-speeds control.

Between 2 and70fps, lite BEA ULIEU 4008 ZM }'s range of filming speeds makes it possibles to accelerate a 1Il01'emen/ to maximulIJ, or (0 slow it down with eXTreme accuracy,

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D''',,'enMI DCampl,l ,e,

OillCr",,, "I Reg/""Ullic .i,"Sl r",

Any film-maker ha ving an eye ror qua lity ;dways used to that 11 photocell was an i nd i spen~able adjunct to his cine-Camera. Modern ca meras arc now fitte d with bu ilt­ in e.o;:posure meters which a ut oma tically set the diaphragm accordin g to luminosit y, emulsion speed . and the filming speed chosen .

con~i d c r

What choice of autom:ltic diaphragms did BEAU LI EU hal'e when designing the 4008 ZM 2 ?

powe r co nsumption than with the galvanometer system, '. this is the solution BEA U LI EU has c hosen: it is s t ron~ and lea ves the Jenssystem it s ru ll powersordefinit ion.s' the iris diaphragm alw:LYs retains a regular and prop-­ ce ntered shape, irrespective orthe aperture used.

Other lldl'antages: the lens can be changed ror special uses or the camera (long-roclLs lelephoto lenseS,or litt ing to a microscope ),

There a rc two types or .wtoma tic di:tph ragm,,: I - Galvanomctcr-tn1e autonmtic diallhmj!m T his system is made up or a galvanometer whose pointer is replaced by a metal strip a rcw hundredths or a milli­ meters thick, acting as an iris blade.

T he best galvanometer syste m has two moving blades mounted on pins, When the galvanometer receives rrom the cell a voltage wh ic h va ries with light intensity, the blades close to a greate r or lesse r degree. This device has an undoubted advantage: it is, electrica lly spea king, extremely simple; as again st this. it is very sensitive to shock s (pivot pins and blades ), a nd it docs not allow change or lenses. The diaphragm's irregu lar shape appre­ ciably reduces the o bject len's powe r or resolution.

2 - Motor-drh'en iris diaphragm An electric motor provides mechan ica l dri ve ror the built­ in diaphragm ora standard lens.The photocell , receiving the light coming through the object Jens, analyses Ihi s light's intens it y and accordingly transmits impul ses 10 a micro­ motor direct ly connected to the diaphragm sett ing ring.

Despite the drawbacks or high cost and and of a higher

0" Ihe Beaulieu 4008 2M }, lire iris diaphragm responds allli adaph immediately to the s/igil/esl change in light i,,­ rensiry. The fells call be poimel/ (l/ any subject lI'ilhoul 1I'0r­ ryillg aboul shadow or /ufl .l"IIl1lighIJor thc Beaulieu al/a/yscs Ih e required exposure/or yOIl Gild illsllllllly adjllsts its OWII aperture.

Sound synchronization socket Start/stop socket for tape-recorder According to the recording syste m chose n (Synchro足 Pilot. E.T.S .. Erlson), sound/picture synchronization is achieved by fitt ing a synchro-pilot or a contact swi tch controlling a t:lpc-rccorder to this socket.

According to the type of tape-recorder chosen, one or ot her of these soc kets is used to sta rt and stop the I<lj recorde r at the sa me time as the camera: the connce is made by means of a con trol cable.

Modifying :1t will the film exposure time, the variable shut足 ter allows fade- ins and fade-ouls.1t can be locked in the semi-ope n position (when film ing sccncsofcxccssive lumi足 nosity (seascapes, snowfields, etc.).

Framc-by-framc filming can be achieved with a Aexiblc release cablc screwed into th is sockc!.

Variable

shutter

Single-frame

filming socket

Accessories

I - INT ERCHANGEABLE LENSES The 4008 ZM 2 can take any object-lens system 21 ~ 36 mm miniature camera lenses. 16 mm lenses w • .Jd C m o unt. 110t to mrn tion sets of rin!!.s and tllhe' for rnicrocincmatllgrarhy.

-

2 - MAC RO-STAGE - S lide/Tille Holder Assembly 3 - DC CHARG ER (FOR USE WITH 12-V BATTERIES)

The macro-sta ge ha s been designed to facilita te macro­ Thi s device makes it possib le to charge thecamera battery

cinematographic shoOl ing at subject lens di stances of from a 12-V car . boat o r plane batte ry.

h" \wl'l'n .1 ;In d 12 em (1.2 and 4.8 ins.) approximately.

4 - INDEP EN DENT CH ARGING CONTAI NER This accessory, which will hold the battery, can be used either to protect it from excessive cold (and thus, from a loss of powe r) by placing it in the operator 's pocket, o r to charge batte ries outside the camera.

5 - ACCUM ULATOR BAlTERIES T he camera is powered by Nicke l-Cad mium accumu la­ tor batteries which, when fully charged, will ensu re supply fo r 8 to 12 50-ft Super 8 cartridges, at filming speed s of 15 10 18 fp s.

1:>. 11 .1",. 1,,"t ,c;lrd, Of in~ech. e ll'. ).

6 - REPORTER'S BLACK LEATHER CARRYING CASE , FULLY LINED Affo rds pe rfect protection for the 4008 ZM 2 and a ll its accessories .

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Maison Brandt Frfnes 16 rue de la Cerisaie 94 Charenton-le·Pont - France A.C. Seine 54 B 7739

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