Praud Boston Olympics February 2014 draft

Boston 2024

A Stepping Stone for a Future City

Draft, February 2014 Prepared by PRAUD LLC 6 Spice Street, Suite 11 Boston, MA 02129 t. 617.2758141 www.PRAUD.info

BOSTON OLYMPICS 2024

We see 2024 not as the goal, but as a step towards building a better future for our city of Champions.

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What is the Future Boston?

Vision and Concept

BOSTON OLYMPICS 2024

INTRODUCTION

As the bidding process wars on among cities competing to host the 2024 Olympics, potential cities argue the positives and negatives of hosting such event. Will it increase employment and the GDP of my city or will it bankrupt it? These economic concerns usually arise under the public sphere that compares such event to previous models. What we look to promote is not how Boston can hold an Olympic event, because it can, but how we can use this event as a way to improve our city with a vision of the future, Boston in 35 years, Boston in 50 years, Boston in 100 years and beyond. The Olympics hold an opportunity to leave a legacy of improvement and influence the growth and development for Boston.

We can do this by introducing a new model for hosting the Olympics that aims at becoming a catalyst of improvement in different neighborhoods throughout the city and not just one location. We want to introduce the typology of the Satellite-Park Olympics.

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BOSTON OLYMPICS 2024

CONCEPT The Satellite-Park Olympics The previous models of Olympic Parks work with a singular area that is usually designated outside of the city boundaries. This model has evolved and adapted to integrate urban renewal ideas, such as the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park in London for the 2012 Olympics. Although this has been arguably the most sustainable attempt at hosting the Olympics, it still not the most optimum model. The urban renewal strategy only benefitted one area in the city, and demanded that the public sector takes interest in social housing after the event.

The concept of the Satellite-Park could be explained as breaking the Olympic Park into smaller scale campuses distributed around the city. This could be developed in Boston because of the unique characteristic of Boston being both a Sport City and a Higher-Education City. These two conditions provide Sports Venues throughout the city as well as housing clusters. This combination could be enhanced into Micro-Parks that have a secured area combining Sports Venues as well as housing.

Most of the criticism of similar concepts had to do with security and the desire for the athletes to interact.

The Satellite-Park concept provides the security by combining Housing and Sports venue for specific events. The Aquatorium Park would have housing for swimmers. Athletics Park would have housing for the Track and Field athletes, and so forth. During the Olympic event, the athletes interact with other athletes form around the world within their sport. This is why we can separate the park into smaller parks.

Allowing the athletes to focus on their sport.

Traditional Model for Olympic Park

Micro-Park Distribution

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How can we use the Olympics?

Potentials for Improvement

Hosting the Olympics requires a lot of effort and investment from a city in order to accommodate the different events and tourism for the summer period. When the focus is on getting a city ready for that short period, it does seem like a waist to even apply for hosting the event. The focus we want to take is on how we can use the Olympics as a catalyst for improvement, an event that will leave a legacy for the city and allow for the city for tackle some of its needs.

Boston is currently facing a challenge of attracting young talent, and convincing them to stay in the city.

Our biggest resource, human capital, is been driven away by the lack of HOUSING. We also face issues of Public Transportation, and Tourism Infrastructure (including accommodations, and city navigation tools).

We see this not as a challenge, but as an opportunity, a great potential for improving our city. All the new building stock need for new hotels, venues, infrastructure, could be conceptualize to hybridise programs in order to achieve future goals for housing, transportation, a growing tourism industry, and retaining our human capital.

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New City StadiumNew England Revolution

We can promote the sports in Boston by bringing the New England Revolution to the city, providing them with a venue after the Olympics.

New Tourist Infrastructure

430,000 New Housing Units Needed by 2040

We see this as a potential to hybridise Housing plus sports venues, creating new neighborhood typologies.

Boston receives over 20 million visitors each year. We could use the Olympics to improve information centers, convention centers, communication spots replacing pay phones, increase the navigability of the city.

15,000 New Hotel Rooms Needed

This is a great potential to introduce new typologies that combine hotels plus other systems needed by the city. Hotel+ Information Center, Hotel + Bike Sharing Stations.

Improved Rapid Transit System

Aside form just improving the current subway lines, we could expand connections, introduce new lines, and promote alternate methods of travel like Hubway.

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Can Boston Hold Big Events?

City of Champions

As a city of Champions, Boston has hosted several triumphant events to celebrate its victories and spirit.

One of these events resulted in one of the TOP 15 largest peaceful gatherings in the history of the world, the Red Sox 2004 Championship parade, which gathered over 3 million people. Similarly, parades for other championships (Boston Celtics 2008, Bruins 2011, Patriots 2004, Red Sox 2006) have gathered over 1 million people each. National events, like the 4th of July fireworks, gathers over half a million people to the banks of the Charles River every year. Although, all of these are single day events, it gives us a clue that the City of Boston can adapt itself to hold mass gatherings. From 20,000 people events at City Hall plaza to a million people cheering runners in the Boston Marathon.

With these events in mind, we can conceive to create new typologies of venues that reuse not only existing facilities but some of the geographical, topographical features to accommodate large crowds.

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Red Sox 2013 1 million

Boston Marathon 500,000 - 1 million

Bruins 2011 1 million

4th of July 500,000

Celtics 2008 1 million

LBGT Parade 400,000

Red Sox 2007 1 million

Patriots 2004 1 million

Red Sox 2004

3 million

Patriots 2003 1.25 million

Patriots 2001 1 million

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Boston Red Sox

2004 NBL Champions

Top 15

Peaceful Gatherings in World History

Over 3,000,000 people in a single event

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Where does Boston Currently Train?

Existing Sports Infrastructure

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Boston has a long tradition with sports. Within the administrative area of Boston, Fenway Park, and the TD Garden host the Boston Red Sox, Bruins, and the Boston Celtics. These world class facilities are some of the existing sports facilities that can be easily used to accommodate some of the sports. Gillette Stadium where the New England Patriots and New England Revolution play can also hold up to 68,000 people.

Aside form the professional sports, Boston has world class facilities from some of its local institutions like the Harvard Stadium, MIT track and field, BU Agganis Arena, BC Alumni Stadium. The strategy for the sports venues is to reuse the major facilities (professional and university) that are already existing, and adapt the ones that would allow for higher occupancy.

The following pages show a list of the potential facilities, and some of the potential “non-facilities� that could be adapted to Olympic Standards.

The scope of area covered looks at facilities of over 6,000 people in capacity. Some incorporate other cities in MA that would benefit form the event.

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Metro Boston - Major Facilities Above a Capacity of 6,000

All facilities within the Metro Boston region are within a 8km radius, creating a very tight concentrated ground of venues that spreads to different neighborhoods. This concept would eliminate the idea of one single Olympic Campus, and instead the city becomes the focal point.

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9 km 8 km 7 km 6 km 5 km

Ellis Oval

4 km

Suffolk Downs

3 km Constitution Beach 2 km East Boston Memorial Stadium

1 km Harvard Stadium

City Hall Charles River

Boston University Boston University

Hynes

Fenway Park Boston College

TD Garden

Parsons Field

Boston Convention Center

Matthews Arena Pleasure Bay Joe Moakley Park

Jamaica Pond

U Mass

White Stadium Franklin Park

0

1 km

5 km 17

Massachusetts - Population

FITCHBURG LEOMINSTER PITTSFIELD

NORTHAMPTON

WORCESTER HOLYOKE

WESTFIELD

SPRINGFIELD

153,060

6,646,144 Population of Massachusetts

4,591,112 Population of Metro Boston

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181,045

NEWBURYPORT/ NEWBURY

HAVERHILL LAWRENCE

LOWELL

108,522

DANVERS SALEM

Gloucester

BEVERLY

STONEHAM SAUGUS MELROSE LYNN MEDFORDMALDEN EVERETT ARLINGTON BELMONT SOMERVILLE REVERE WALTHAM CAMBRIDGE CHELSEA WATERTOWN NEWTON BROKLINE

FRAMINGHAM

WELLESLEY NEEDHAM

BOSTON

MILTON QUINCY DEDHAM

BROCKTON

PLYMOUTH

ATTLEBORO TAUNTON

FALL RIVER

NEW BEDFORD

0

12 mi.

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Massachusetts - Major Facilities Outside of Metro Boston Above a Capacity of 6,000

Amherst

-McGuirk Alumni Stadium

17,000

-Mullins Center

10,600 Springfield

-MassMutual Center

6,679

Worcester

-Fitton Field

23,500

-DCU Center

14,800

These facilities in Amherst, Springfield, Lowell, Foxborough, and Worcester would be able to host some of the events, expanding the sense of “Boston Olympics� throughout the whole state of Massachusetts.

Gillette Stadium could be the major Olympic Stadium. The triangle formed between Amherst, Springfield, and Worcester would also facilitate the accessibility and transportation in Western Mass.

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Lowell

-Paul E. Tsongas Arena

6,496

-Cawley Memorial Stadium

6,000

Foxborough

-Gillette Stadium

68,756

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Existing Facilities in Boston Venues with Capacity of over 6,000

1. Harvard Stadium - 2. Alumni Stadium - 3. Fenway Park - 4. TD Bank Garden - 5. Nickerson Field - 6. White Stadium - 2. Conte Forum - 5. Agganis Arena - 7. Parsons Field - 8. Ellis Oval - 9. Matthews Arena -

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57,166 44,500 37,000 18,624 10,412 10,000 8,606 7,200 7,000 6,500 6,000

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

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Potential Facilities in Boston No Assigned Capacity

10. Suffolk Downs 11. MIT 12. Jamaica Pond 13. Charles River 14. Boston Harbor 15. East Boston Memorial Stadium 16. Joe Moakley Park 17. Old Harbor 18. U Mass Boston 19. Joe Moakley Park 20. Boston Convention Center 21. Hynes Convention Center -

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11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

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Existing Facilities MassachusettsCapacity over 6,000

22. Gillette Stadium - 68,756 23. Fitton Field - 23,500 24. DCU Center - 14,800 25. McGuirk Alumni Stadium- 17,000 26. Mullins Center - 10,600 27. MassMutual Center - 6,679 28. Paul E. Tsongas Arena - 6,496 29. Cawley Memorial Stadium - 6,000

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23

24

25

26

27

28

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How Would the Existing Facilities Compare to London’s Olympics Boston Existing Facilities Capacity of over 6,000 Gillette Stadium

68,756

Aquatics Archery

Harvard Stadium

57,166

Athletics

Alumni Stadium

44,500

Badminton

Fenway Park

37,000

Basketball

TD Garden

18,624

Boxing

Nickerson Field

10,412

Canoe Kayak

White Stadium

10,000

Cycling

Conte Forum

8,606

Equestrian

Agganis Arena

7,200

Fencing

Parsons Field

7,000

Football

Ellis Oval

6,500

Golf

Matthews Arena

6,000

Gymnastics Handball

MIT

Hockey

Charles Rive

Judo

Suffolk Downs

Modern Pentath

Joe Moakley Park

Rowing

Jamaica Pond

Rugby

Boston Harbor

Sailing

Hynes Convention Center

Shooting

Boston Convention Center

Table Tennis

Franklin Park

Taekwondo Tennis Triathlon Volleyball Weightlifting Wrestling

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London Olympic Facilities Capacity of over 6,000 17,320

Olympic Village (beds)

17,500

Aquatic Center

12,000

Basketball Arena

6,000

BMX Track

7,000

Copper Box

6,000

Velodrome

16,000

Riverbank Arena

80,000

Olympic Stadium

5,000

Water Polo Arena

10,000

ExCel

23,000

Greenwich Park

20,000

North Greenwich Arena

7,500

Royal Artillery Barraks

30,000

All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club

hlon

15,000

Earls Court Exhibition Centre

15,000

Horse Guards Parade

3,000

Hyde Park

6,500

Lord's Cricket Ground Marathon Course

6,000

Wembley Arena

90,000

Wembley Stadium

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The SatellitePARK Model Benefits and Potentials

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The following section will explain the future scenarios that could be explored if we use the Olympics as a catalyst for improvements. The most recognizable form of construction for an Olympic event is the construction of Sports Venues. This is a huge potential to introduce new typologies of venues into the city. The city is in need of Housing so we could combine both and create Venues that could be adapted after the Olympics as housing plus venues. We can find potentials in areas for Housing, transportation, tourism, and neighborhood integration.

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Olympic Parks of the Past 5 Olympics Areas

1.

2.

Atlanta 1996 .38 km2

4.

3.

Sydney 2000 2.42 km2

Athens 2004 .97 km2

London 2012 2.49 km2

Boston 2024 2.28 km2

5.

Beijing 2008 5.35 km2

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The diagram on the left shows a comparison of construction area for hosting the Olympics for the past 5 Olympics. By introducing the Satellite Park strategy we can achieve maximum impact and minimize costs.

Atlanta had a similar strategy, and as we can see from both diagrams, it used the least amount of area and produced profits for the city.

COSTS in billions of USD Atlanta Sydney Athens

China

London

1.8 7

15

40

P&L in USD +10,000,000 0 -15,000,000,000 +146,000,000 0

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Olympic Stadiums of the Past 5 Olympics Atlanta 1996

Centennial Olympic Stadium Capacity: 85,000 Cost: $207 million Track and Field, and Closing Ceremony

Reconverted as A. Turner Field after the Olympics New Capacity: 49,586

Sydney 2000

Stadium Australia

Capacity: 110,000 Cost: $690 million Track and Field, football final, and Closing Ceremony Reduced seating after the Olympics New Capacity: 84,000

Athens 2004

Olympic Stadium

Capacity: 75,263 Cost: 268 million Euros Track and Field, football final, Opening Ceremony and Closing Ceremony

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Beijing 2008

Beijing National Stadium

Capacity: 91,000 Cost: $423 million Track and Field, football final, Opening Ceremony, and Closing Ceremony Reduced seating after the Olympics New Capacity: 80,000

London 2012

Olympic Stadium

Capacity: 80,000 Cost: 486 million GBP Track and Field, football final, Opening Ceremony, and Closing Ceremony Transformed to a UEFA Category 4 venue after the Olympics New Capacity: 54,000

Prices of Stadiums in millions of USD for 2012 Prices Adjusted with Currency Conversions and Inflation Calculations

$299

ATLANTA

$616 SYDNEY

$399 ATHENS

$769 $449 BEIJING

LONDON 35

The Satellite-Park Model in Boston Distribution

1.09 km2 Revere East Boston Chelsea

.51 km2 Charlestown Somerville East Cambridge Everett

PARK 2 PARK 1

PARK 5

.16 km2 Allston

.22 km2 Dorchester South Boston

.30 km2 Roxbury Jamaica Plain

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PARK 4

PARK 3

The distribution of parks allows to promote and benefit multiple areas of the city. In the diagram on the left we can note that 12 different areas would benefit from the distribution rather than having one single park. Some of the potential sites, like PARK 5 shown below, can benefit from the existing infrastructure around them to stitch the urban fabric.

SATELLITE PARK 5 CSX Beacon Park Rail Yard BU - MIT - HARVARD

3km

2km

Harvard University

1km 800m

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

600m 400m 200m

Park St

Boston University

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SATELLITE PARK 1 Charlestown BHCC/ Sullivan Square

The idea behind the satellite park is to combine as much of the Olympic Park into smaller parcels. This park can hold the majority of elements in order to still maintain the security regulations for the visitors and athletes at the park.

Transportation

-Sullivan Sq. Orange Line -Mono-rail connecting the entire site.

-Media Tower

20 Storey tower that can hold the 90,000 sqm media center. This can later become apartments, offices, and retail development.

-Housing

Athletes can stay in these micro-villages for housing. After the event, they can be converted into apartments or condos.

-Mixed Use Stadium

The stadium can be hybridized with housing.

It can also become the new Bunker Hill Community College Campus, and the old campus be developed for housing.

-Training Rec Centers

Training facilities can become public amenities for the adjacent neighborhoods.

-Aquatorium

Housing plus Olympic Pools

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HOUSING STADIUM

Developed at RISD for the Boston Olympics Studio (Fall 2013) Professor: Dongwoo Yim (Principal at PRAUD) Student: Jung Min Kim Because of its location next to two highway arteries, this site seems to be under utilized. The need for housing in the area hasn’t been addressed because of the lack of land. With this project, there is an effort to reconcile the need of a sports venue plus the need for housing by creating a “Housing Stadium” where the housing units camouflage the stadium in order to become part of the urban fabric.

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Where Would People Stay?

Accommodations

We’re in need of 15,000 more hotel rooms.

But we see this as an opportunity. 15,000 hotel rooms would be equivalent to 75 new hotel buildings of 200 rooms each. Instead of building 75 new chain hotels, we can use this to implement new typologies that respond to social demands and needs of the city. We can introduce Hybrid-hotels. For example; we need more information centers for tourist, then we could make Info-tels where we combine both to create a network around the city. Another example, we can promote the use of the bicycle as a means of clean transportation in the city. We can combine the need for hotels and the bike agenda by creating Bike-Hotels, again with the aim at promoting a transportation system.

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1km

2km

3km

4km

5km

6km

7km

8km

9km

10km

Hotels in Boston 0

1km

5km

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INFO-TEL

Developed at RISD for the Boston Olympics Studio (Fall 2013) Professor: Rafael Luna (Principal at PRAUD) Student: Lindsay Winstead The need for Information/ Tourist Centers in Boston could be combined with the need for more hotels.

By combining both into a hybrid building, we could distribute them across the city creating a tourist network that helps visitors navigate the city.

The Weather Channel

The Weather Channel

T The Weather Channel

T T

loc al

Currently there is only 1 tourist information center in Boston. Although information is available through mobile phones and computers, there is still the need of physical spaces that provide a safe haven for tourist to learn about the city. If new hotels are going to be built, this issue could be addressed quite easily by putting both programs under the same roof.

al glob

reg i

ona

na l

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ti o

na

The Weather Channel

l

T Program for the Info-Tel

Renderings by student, depicting the new typology.

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How would we move around?

Transportation Potentials

Boston has one of the best and oldest transportation networks in the country. The Olympics could help promote new agendas in transportation for the city of the Future. We are not worried about traffic congestions because of the Olympics, we are worried about the future mobility of the city. Could we promote biking further, could we implement new methods of transportation using the river? These are some of the possibilities that we should be researching.

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DATA -TRANSIT TYPE

Commuter rail, rapid transit, light rail, bus, BRT, trolleybus, ferryboat

-NUMBER OF LINES 12 (commuter rail) 4 (rapid transit) 5 (light rail) 4 (trolleybus) 4 (ferryboat) 183 (bus)

-NUMBER OF STATIONS 123 (commuter rail) 51 (rapid transit) 74 (light rail) 22 (BRT)

-DAILY RIDERSHIP 1,299,900 (weekday, all modes)

-SYSTEM LENGTH 1,193 miles (1,920 km) (total) 38 miles (61 km) (rapid transit) 26 miles (42 km) (light rail) 8 miles (13 km) (BRT) 751 miles (1,209 km) (bus and trackless trolley) 368 miles (592 km) (commuter rail)

Mercer Consulting Survey 2012 The cities with the best infrastructure Rank City

Country

6 6 12 30 31 32

Hong Kong UK France USA USA Japan

Hong Kong London Paris New York City Boston Tokyo

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Boston Ring Connection

The current tentacle formation of the subway system forces people to go into the city in order to change lines. This creates a disconnection between neighborhoods. We could use the Olympics to push the agenda for a ring connection that focuses on the perimeter connections. This can be done with new subway lines, extending some of the existing ones, cable cars, water taxis, light rail systems, designated metro bus, new bikes connections among others. This could really start unifying the Metro Boston area.

Everett Broadway

Chelsea 6th Street

Sullivan Square

Union Square

Airport

Harvard Square

Harvard Ave

Coolidge Corner

Heath Street

Andrew

Jackson Sq.

Upham’s Corner

Franklin Park Zoo

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Revere Winthrop Ave.

Suffolk Downs

Emirates Air Line (gondola lift)

In order to create new connections that also benefit the local commuters, London built this Urban Cable Car system, crossing the River Thames in 2010.

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Water Transportation We could use the existing river infrastructure to create a water route linking the Satellite Parks as well as different neighborhoods that are currently under served by the public transportation network.

Suffolk Downs Charlestown

Allston

Joe Moakley Park

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Mass Ave Park

Developed at RISD for the Boston Olympics Studio (Fall 2013) Professor: Dongwoo Yim (Principal at PRAUD) Group Work: Alexa Asakiewicz, Chris Ardoin, Sean Chen We could integrate the Mass Ave bridge as part of a pedestrian strategy for linking both cities, Boston and Cambridge.

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What if the athletes get sick?

Medical Services

11km

List of Potential Facilities

10km

9km

Boston

-Boston Medical Center 496 -Carney Hospital 159 -Faulkner Hospital 150 -Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary 42 -Massachusetts General Hospital 1,057 -New England Baptist Hospital 141 -St. Elizabeth’s Medical Center 524 -Shriners Hospitals for Children 30 -Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital 132 -New England Medical Center (Tufts) 382 -Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center 631 -Boston Children’s Hospital 395 -Brigham and Women’s Hospital 793

Cambridge

-Mount Auburn Hospital -Cambridge Health Alliance

209 229

Metro Area

-Newton-Wellesley Hospital 232 -Lahey Hospital and Medical Center 329 -South Shore Hospital 327 -McLean Hospital 177 -Lowell General Hospital 189 -North Shore Medical Center 395 -Good Samaritan Medical Center 189 -Jordan Hospital 155

Total Number of Beds BOSTON OLYMPICS 2024

7,363

Newton - Wellesley Hospital

US News & World Report Of all 75 hospitals in the Boston, Massachusetts metropolitan area, the 14 listed below are the top-ranking. This metro area includes Brookline, Cambridge, Chelsea, and Quincy.

Metro Boston Ranking Nationally Ranked Specialties 1. Massachusetts General Hospital 2. Brigham and Women’s Hospital 3. Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center 4. Lahey Hospital and Medical Center 5. South Shore Hospital 6. McLean Hospital 7. New England Baptist Hospital 8. Boston Medical Center 9. Tufts Medical Center 10. Lowell General Hospital 11. Newton-Wellesley Hospital 12. North Shore Medical Center 13. Good Samaritan Medical Center 14. Jordan Hospital

Ranging form university hospitals to community health center, Boston posses some of the best hospitals in the world, with the most cutting edge medical research and technology. Organized in a ring formation, the top hospitals could serve the Satellite Parks quite well.

Mount Auburn Hospital

8km

7km

6km

5km

4km

3km

2km

Cambridge Health Alliance

1km

Massachusetts General Hospital St Elizabeth’s Medical Center New England Medical Center

Boston Medical Center

Longwood Medical Area

-Brighams and Women’s Hospital -Boston Children’s Hospital -Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center

0

1km

5km

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As we have seen, Boston not only has the capacity to host the Olympics, but it has the capacity to grow towards a better city.

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