LEV Conference 2010 Cologne Intermot · 4. – 5. October 2010
Inhalt October 4th, 2010
Han Goes Q Square Consultants · Pedelec – the Trojan Horse of the Bicycle Industry 5 Thomas Santos Innovative Mobility Automobile · Pure Efficiency a LEV as part of the change in mobility 17 Hannes Neupert HNC · The Electrification of the Bicycle Industry 25 Bin Min Lin ITRI · Government support 35 Alex Thusbass Kucher & Thusbass · Market segmentation 43 Ulrich Prediger Leaserad · Leasing Concept 51 Stefan Lippert ID Bike – ELMOTO GmbH · Sales options 59 Reimar Beer Emotion-technologies · lev-store 69 Edward Benjamin eCycleElectric Consultants · Sales channels trends 77 Andreas Kekedi SLG · Rules for dangerous goods 89 Peter Gutzeit Ib-Rec · Battery-recycling 97 Dr. Mo-Hua Yang Hi – Tech · Infrastructure 109 Marcel Knodel RIVA Management Consultants · Product Development 119
October 5th, 2010
Tetsuji Ueta Sanyo Electric · Pedelec drive train 123 Dr. Mo-Hua Yang HT Energy · Technical overview 137 Dr. Steffen Wieland Enymotion · Fuel cell – the battery – boost 149 Hannes Neupert ExtraEnergy · Standardization 155 Stephan Scheuer TÜV Rheinland · Batso 163 Christian Eckart Rosenberger · EnergyBus Connector 171 Johannes Dörndorfer Electragil · EnergyBus protocol with ACRON drive train 179 Gijs Roovers ID Bike · Sensor technology 197 David Guzik LEVA · Summary Performance Standard work at LEVA and ExtraEnergy A tool for testing, development directions as well as marketing 205 Wim Jonker EBSC · ION Technology: The Intelligent E-Bike System 211 Albrecht Kraus Philips · LED light 217
Han Goes Q Square Consultants Pedelec – the Trojan Horse of the Bicycle Industry
Han Goes Q Square Consultants · Pedelec – the Trojan Horse of the Bicycle Industry
notes LEV-Conference Cologne, October 2010 © 2010 Han Goes
Sign of the Times
At The Dawn Of LEV -Light Electric Vehicle- Mobility
notes
The Evolution of LEV-Mobility
Retrospective: LEV-Conference Taipei, March 2008 © 2010 Han Goes
DUTCH MARKET FOR PEDELECS • Started in 1996 • Stigmatising, “goofy” looking product for 80+, and disabled people • Prosthesis! • • • • •
In 2002 introduction of Sparta Ion (small revolution) Looks like a normal bike Sounds like a normal bike Feels like a normal bike Rides with silk and smooth electric power assist
2
notes
The Evolution of LEV-Mobility
Retrospective: LEV-Conference Taipei, March 2008 © 2010 Han Goes
DUTCH MARKET FOR PEDELECS • 2003: 20.000 • 2004: 30.000 • 2005: 45.000 • 2006: 70.000 • 2007: 100.000 • • •
•
3% market threshold, around 40,000 Reached in 2005 = Bandwagon effect The Pedelec, after 10 years, becomes mature and well accepted product in the market place for …… Silver age consumers (65+)
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6
Han Goes Q Square Consultants · Pedelec – the Trojan Horse of the Bicycle Industry
notes
The Evolution of LEV-Mobility
Retrospective: LEV-Conference Taipei, March 2008 © 2010 Han Goes
DUTCH MARKET FOR PEDELECS • Since middle of ’90’s: converging trend • 2005: acceptance (3% threshold) • 2008: to grow the market potential, a diverging trend is needed • pricing • product positioning • target consumer • riding programs • functionality • Given the Dutch DNA for cycling • Given the current Dutch bicycle landscape • …. • Potential for Pedelecs can reach 25% ~ 30% • 400.000 units of the market place, within 5 years
4
notes
The Future of Mobility
Which Direction is the Market going to Grow? © 2010 Han Goes
• • • • • •
•
Mobility remains one of the most important Basic Needs for mankind A Living Condition, as is food People will never give up consuming mobility However … Consumption of traditional mobility has reached it’s limits And will rapidly change … For rational and a lot of irrational reasons
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notes
The Future of LEV-Mobility
Which Direction is the Market going to Grow? © 2010 Han Goes
WHAT “MOVES” PEOPLE? • • •
Innovators/Opinion Leaders: Make choices outside social norm Early Adopters: Seek new choices within social norm Mainstream: Make safe choices within social norm
Source Everett Rogers
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Han Goes Q Square Consultants · Pedelec – the Trojan Horse of the Bicycle Industry
notes
The Future of LEV-Mobility
Which Direction is the Market going to Grow? © 2010 Han Goes
LOOK INTO THE CRYSTAL BALL INDUSTRY PERSPECTIVE • Looks backwards (and copies each other) • Thinks of the consumer as a human being with rational behaviour •
•
Although the industry itself is far from being rational
Thinks of the product still as a bicycle (point of reference) Horizontal product differentiation = apply the same concept i.e. Pedelec to different target groups = RED OCEAN
•
Thinks of the biggest golden opportunity ever in bicycle business
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notes
The Future of LEV-Mobility
Which Direction is the Market going to Grow? © 2010 Han Goes
LOOK INTO THE CRYSTAL BALL CONSUMER’S PERSPECTIVE • Results in the past are not a guarantee for the future • The future lies ahead of us • Consumers are everything else but rational • Pedelecs are only going to be a part of the LEV-avalanche Vertical product differentiation = apply the same functionality i.e. electric mobility to different concepts = BLUE OCEAN
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notes
The Future of LEV-Mobility
Which Direction is the Market going to Grow? © 2010 Han Goes
LOOK INTO THE CRYSTAL BALL THIRD PARTY PERSPECTIVE • The Pedelec could become a Trojan Horse for the bike industry … • Triggering other developments • Less bicycles sales • Less Pedelecs sales • More Power-On-Demand E-bike sales • More E-Scooters sales • Electronic & automotive industry eat the pie
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Han Goes Q Square Consultants · Pedelec – the Trojan Horse of the Bicycle Industry
notes
The Future of LEV-Mobility
What does the Consumer really Want? © 2010 Han Goes
WHAT “MOVES” PEOPLE? • How do they consume mobility • What’s the rationale for their decisions •
Consumer Market Research (Quantitative / Qualitative): • Netherlands (Amsterdam / Apeldoorn) • Japan (Tokyo) • • • • • •
Innovators/Opinion Leaders Make choices outside social norm Early Adopters Seek new choices within social norm Mainstream Make safe non-conforming choices
Source Everett Rogers
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notes
The Future of LEV-Mobility
Consumption of Mobility © 2010 Han Goes
MOBILITY IS ABOUT TO CHANGE DRASTICALLY Irrational • FUN mobility • CONVENIENCE mobility • COMFORT mobility • HIP & TRENDY mobility Rational Clean mobility Efficient mobility • Door-to-Door mobility • Flexible mobility • Distance adjusted mobility • Smart mobility • Compact mobility • •
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notes
The Future of LEV-Mobility
Consumption of Mobility © 2010 Han Goes
MOBILITY TREND • Compact Mobility • Micro Mobility • 2-Wheel Mobility • Eco-Mobility • E-Mobility LEV-MOBILITY • Personal / Indiviual • Very Light • Agile and flexible • Electric • Vehicles (2-Wheels) • Automotive styling
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Han Goes Q Square Consultants · Pedelec – the Trojan Horse of the Bicycle Industry
notes
The Future of LEV-Mobility
Holland & Japan role models © 2010 Han Goes
0,5 9
0,7 1
0,6 7
0,7 6
0,8
0,7 1
1
0,9 0
1,2
1,1 5
Bicycles per capita 2008
0,3 0 0,1 7
0,3 0
0,3 6
0,3 8
0,4
0,3 6
0,4 0
0,3 8
0,4 4
0,6
0,0 5
0,2
Ind ia
Spa in
Bra sil
UK
Ko rea
US A
Fra nce
Ita ly
Ch ina
Jap an Au stra lia
Fin lan d
Sw ede n No rw ay
Ho lla nd De nm ark Ge rma ny
0
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notes
The Future of LEV-Mobility
Holland & Japan Role Models © 2010 Han Goes
ROLE MODELS • Netherlands • Japan • In one way or the other have a cycling culture • Amsterdam is a role model and guiding example for other metropolitan areas. • Process is already on it’s way (e.g. Paris, London, Montreal, Chicago, Tokyo).
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notes
The Evolution of LEV-Mobility
Case Study: Netherlands © 2010 Han Goes
• •
• • • • • • •
1,2 ~ 1,4 million bikes annually 18 million total bike park 2003: 20.000 Pedelecs 2004: 30.000 Pedelecs 2005: 45.000 Pedelecs 2006: 70.000 Pedelecs 2007: 100.000 Pedelecs 2008: 150.000 Pedelecs 2009: 200.000 Pedelecs
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Han Goes Q Square Consultants · Pedelec – the Trojan Horse of the Bicycle Industry
notes
The Evolution of LEV-Mobility
Case Study: Netherlands © 2010 Han Goes
• • • • • •
• • •
2009 16% market share (units) 40% market share (€ value) Average retail price regular bike: € 750,Average retail price Pedelec: € 2.000,- (3 times) Average retail price remains unchanged 2010: 250.000 Pedelecs 2010: 1 million Pedelecs total bike park 2015: 450.000 Light Electric 2-wheelers
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notes
The Future of LEV-Mobility
Case Study: Netherlands © 2010 Han Goes
• • •
• • •
• • • • •
Market Research Early consumers were forced (prosthesis): > 80 yr. Innovators made choice outside of social norm, without leading the opinion Sparta Ion made Pedelec socially acceptable Early Adaptors made new choice within social norm, limited opinion leading Average age gradually going down: > 80 yr. < 60 yr. New Innovators and New Early Adaptors Ready to embrace new LEV-Mobility 2-Wheels Faster & more powerful Regardless of • Lack of Legislation • Anti LEV Lobby • Helmet, license, insurance Source Everett Rogers
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notes
The Future of LEV-Mobility
Case Study: Netherlands © 2010 Han Goes
•
• • • • •
• •
Dutch Mobility System about to implode • Freeways • Public Transport > 75% of all Dutch people live in urban areas > 75% of all traffic movements in urban areas is < 5 km. In some cities (a.o. Amsterdam) modal split shows new increase for bicycle mobility > 50% of all traffic movements Mental Maps define consumer’s rationale for consumption of mobility: • Within urban area LEV 2-wheeler will become preferred means of transport Huge new & additional potential for LEV-mobility (2-wheels) In the end amount of LEV sales will largely compromise the sales of bicycles
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Han Goes Q Square Consultants · Pedelec – the Trojan Horse of the Bicycle Industry
notes
The Evolution of LEV-Mobility
Case Study: Japan © 2010 Han Goes
• • • • • • • • •
9 million bikes annually 70 million total bike park Japan is the craddle of Pedelec (1989) Stable sales between 150.000 ~ 200.000 2008: 300.000 Pedelecs 2009: 450.000 Pedelecs 2011: 1.000.000 Pedelecs Average retail price regular bike: € 80,Average retail price regular Pedelec: € 1.000,- (12 times)
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notes
The Future of LEV-Mobility
Case Study: Japan © 2010 Han Goes
• • •
• • • • • •
Market Research Early consumers were forced (prosthesis): > 60+ Innovators made choice outside of social norm, without leading the opinion In 2008 Japanese legislation for Pedelecs was modified 1:1 support ratio changed into 1:2 support ratio New Innovators and New Early Adaptors: 30 ~ 40 Ready to embrace new LEV-Mobility and leading the opinion 2-Wheels Faster & more powerful
Source Everett Rogers
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notes
The Future of LEV-Mobility
What does the Consumer really want? © 2010 Han Goes
• • • • •
Fun Trendy & Hip Comfort Convenience Modern Design Language
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Han Goes Q Square Consultants · Pedelec – the Trojan Horse of the Bicycle Industry
notes
The Future of LEV-Mobility
What does the Consumer really want? © 2010 Han Goes
• •
In densely populated areas > 75% of all traffic movements < 5 km. Therefore smart, modern, demanding consumers look for: • Personal & compact mobility • Clean mobility, that is at the same time: • highly functional (door to door transport) • fun to ride • “No-Sweat” fitness & exercise • Electric mobility • Modern styling (automotive) • Light weight (< 30 kg.) • Easy to manoeuvre • Easy to handle • Easy to park • Easy to lift • Easy and flexible to use • Dedicated, adjusted to the distance to be covered 22
notes
The Future of LEV-Mobility
What does the Consumer really want? © 2010 Han Goes
PHYSICAL SPECS • Footprint < 1 m2 • Weight < 30 kg. (handling / manoeuvrability) • Door to door flexibility (parking / lifting) • Range > 40 km. (1 full day trips) • Max. speed less important (25 ~ 30 km./h.) • Max. torque more > 40 Nm. • Max. power > 250 Watt •
LEV 2-Wheelers
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notes
The Future of LEV-Mobility
Consumer related Future Developments for LEV’s © 2010 Han Goes
1. PEDELECS = Pedal Assist, < 25 km./h., < 250 Watt
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Han Goes Q Square Consultants · Pedelec – the Trojan Horse of the Bicycle Industry
notes
The Future of LEV-Mobility
Consumer related Future Developments for LEV’s © 2010 Han Goes
2. POWER-ON-DEMAND E-BIKES = Pedal & Throttle Assist, < 30 km./h., < 500 Watt
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notes
The Future of LEV-Mobility
Consumer related Future Developments for LEV’s © 2010 Han Goes
3. LIGHT ELECTRIC SCOOTERS = Throttle Assist only, < 35 km./h., > 500 Watt
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notes
The Future of LEV-Mobility
Consumer related Future Developments for LEV’s © 2010 Han Goes
• • •
1.
3.
5.
75% of all traffic movements in metropolitan areas is within a range of 5 to 10 km. Consumers will clearly and massively opt for Light Electric 2-Wheelers in 3 overlapping categories: Pedelecs = • Pedal Assist, < 25 km./h., < 250 Watt Power-On-Demand E-bikes = • Pedal & Throttle Assist, < 32 km./h., < 500 Watt Light Electric Scooters = • Throttle Assist, < 35 km./h., > 500 Watt
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Han Goes Q Square Consultants · Pedelec – the Trojan Horse of the Bicycle Industry
notes
The Future of LEV-Mobility
Europe’s (EU 27) mid term potential for LEV’s © 2010 Han Goes
• • • •
• • •
20 million bikes annually sold 2008: 300.000 Pedelecs & E-bikes 2009: 450.000 Pedelecs & E-bikes 2010: 700.000 Pedelecs & E-bikes Based on qualitative and quantitative consumer market research in Germany & Holland Mid Term potential in EU: 2015 – 2020: potentially 1/3 LEV’s = 6,6 million p/y • 1/3 Pedelecs = 2,2 million p/y • 1/3 Power-on-Demand E-bikes = 2,2 million p/y • 1/3 Light Electric Scooters = 2,2 million p/y • • •
*** General increase cycling and 2-wheeler usage not yet included!!! *** Consumers changing over from Gas Powered 2-wheelers to LEV-2-Wheelers not yet included!!! *** All time high of 2,7 million Gas Powered 2-Wheelers in 2007, rapidly decreasing to 1,7 million in 2009. Further down trend predicted.
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notes
The Future of LEV-Mobility
Europe’s (EU 27) long term potential for LEV’s © 2010 Han Goes
LONG TERM 2020 – 2025 •
Smart consumer use: “distance dedicated” type of mobility consumption •
15 million bicycles annually sold (mainly trip < 5 km.)
•
15 million 2-Wheel LEV’s annually sold (mainly trip < 15 km.)
•
15 million cars annually sold (mainly trip > 15 km.)
•
*** General increase cycling and 2-wheeler usage included!!! *** Consumers changing over from Gas Powered 2-wheelers to LEV-2-Wheelers included!!!
•
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notes
The Future of LEV-Mobility
Q&A © 2010 Han Goes
Thank you for your time and attention
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15
Thomas Santos Innovative Mobility Automobile Pure Efficiency a LEV as part of the change in mobility
Thomas Santos Innovative Mobility Automobile Pure Efficiency – a LEV as part of the change in mobility
notes Speaker: Thomas delos Santos
CEO Innovative Mobility
Pure efficiency – a light electric vehicle as integrated solution of future mobility Thomas delos Santos t.santos@innovativemobility.com
Tel: 0176 21930257
notes
1. Thesis: electric mobility is cleaner 1. Thesis: environment 2. Thesis: customer
„Electric mobility is not automatically environmentally friendly. “
Future Mobility
Hey, Dude ! Stop polluting here! My new electric car should remain clean !
Example Colibri
Innovative Mobility
16.09.2010
2
notes
Weight is the main driver for CO2 emissions Influence of the drivers of CO2 emissions (based on Ø traffic)
17%
49%
19%
Biggest saving potential through weight reduction!
15%
16.09.2010
18
Weight
Wind resistance
Road resistance
Auxiliary consumers
Innovative Mobility
3
Thomas Santos Innovative Mobility Automobile Pure Efficiency – a LEV as part of the change in mobility
notes
CO2 comparison for different carriers CO2 emissions per passenger and kilometer Bicycle (electric) Bicycle On foot 1-person vehicle (electric) Overland bus Train traffic long-distance Tram and bus Compact car (gas) Compact car (electric) Train traffic short-distance Medium-sized vehicle (gas) Airplane long distance Airplane short distance
5 7 12 22 33 54
1. High capacity utilization 2. Low per-passengerweight
73 80 80 100 123 150 290 0
50
100
150
200 250 300 CO2 in g/km/P 4
Innovative Mobility
16.09.2010
notes
2 keys for resourceefficient and economic mobility:
CO2 development, goals and comparison CO2 emissions per kilometer
Ø New car registration 1999 Ø New car registration 2009 EU target for 2012 EU target for 2020
180,2 154,2 130 95
Smart fortwo electric drive
119
Toyota Auris Hybrid
89
VW Polo 1.2 TDI BlueMotion
87
Smart fortwo coupé (diesel)
86
1-person electric vehicle
TOP 3 most efficient cars
22 CO2 in g/km Innovative Mobility
16.09.2010
notes
5
2. Thesis: electric mobility means sacrifice 1. Thesis: environment
„ Electric mobility implies to give up comfort.“
2. Thesis: customer
Future Mobility Example Colibri
16.09.2010
Great, that you are a role model – even if your previous car was more spacious and the battery technology is not quite mature yet...
Innovative Mobility
6
19
Thomas Santos Innovative Mobility Automobile Pure Efficiency – a LEV as part of the change in mobility
notes
Most important purchasing criteria Safety Costs
62%
Comfort
Speed
Mitsubischi i-Miev ~ 33.000 €
73%
Suitability for daily use
Environmental aspects
Peugeot Hymotion 3 No crash protection
78%
Renault Twizy Bad weather protect
45%
Loremo Little space p. P.
40%
Nissan Leaf 122g CO2/km
31%
City El Max. 63 km/h
Conceptional errors noticable! Customer not main focus 7
Innovative Mobility
16.09.2010
notes
Acceptable charging time 50% Below two hours <
40%
> Above two hours
30% On the way
20%
At home
10% 0% 5 min
15 min
30 min
1h
2h
6h RenaultTwizy
No known vehicle can be charged within 2 hours on a normal household socket!
CityEl Smart ED
longer Nissan Leaf Mitsubishi i-Miev Citroen C1 EV 8
Innovative Mobility
16.09.2010
notes
Future mobility Future mobility
1. Thesis: environment 2. Thesis: customer
Future Mobility
Environment
Customer
High capacity utilization
Safety, suitability for daily use, comfort, design, luggage space
Example Colibri
Low consumption
Low costs
Good cruising range
Low weight
16.09.2010
20
Innovative Mobility
Small battery
Short charging time
Acceleration
Fun to drive 9
Thomas Santos Innovative Mobility Automobile Pure Efficiency – a LEV as part of the change in mobility
notes
Convincing design 1. Thesis: environment
EXPRESSIVE ― SPORTIVE ― FASHIONABLE
2. Thesis: customer
Future Mobility Example Colibri
notes
10
Innovative Mobility
16.09.2010
USPs and technology overview Passing of the NCAP-Crashtest for regular cars even if not required by law sportive driving characteristics 240 l compartement, sufficent for 3 crates and a bag Innovative, intuitive steering and control concept
120 km range Charging time 1:45 h to 100 % on a regular houshold socket In 4 sec from 0 to 50 km/h 22 g/km CO2 with european energy mix
USPs Purchasing price 9.900 € incl. LiFePo4 battery Low consumption: only 0,90 € per 100 km
notes
11
Innovative Mobility
16.09.2010
High market potential for the Colibri Abstract of the market study from october 2009 (n=197)
Would you buy the Colibri? 6%
16%
34% Definitely
Conservatively calculated, the market potential is about 8%
Rather yes 44%
Rather no Certainly not
16.09.2010
Innovative Mobility
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Thomas Santos Innovative Mobility Automobile Pure Efficiency – a LEV as part of the change in mobility
notes
Save mobility costs and the environment Szenario: commuter who travels every day 15 km with his second car to work (9,000 km/year)
Depreciation - €
Running costs
Congestion charge
1.000 € 2.000 € 3.000 € 4.000 € 5.000 €
Citroen C1 EV'ie Reduce mobility costs by 50% and CO2 emissions by 75%
Micro car
Colibri -1.469 € -3.225 €
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Innovative Mobility
16.09.2010
notes
Efficient mobility for the target groups B2B Fleet operators
Spontaneous
Service companies
Efficient
use of an electric car in the inner city
mobility for an individual customer service
Sixty DB Carsharing Car2Go
Pizza deliveries Nursing service Public utilities IT-services
B2C Hotels
Efficient on-
site mobility for mainly business hotel guests
Commuters
Individual
Individualists
Motivation is
mobility mainly as second or third car
technoloy, lifestyle or ecology
Innovative Mobility
16.09.2010
14
notes
Who is Innovative Mobility?
(Supplier) Industry & development service
Customer & market
Market-oriented product development & Electro mobility consulting Research and development
Mobility research
We can still offer a investment opportunity for a co-investor who wants to invest 800.000€. 16.09.2010
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Innovative Mobility
15
Thomas Santos Innovative Mobility Automobile Pure Efficiency – a LEV as part of the change in mobility
notes
Thomas delos Santos t.santos@innovativemobility.com Tel: 0176 21930257
Questions & Answers Thomas delos Santos t.santos@innovativemobility.com
Tel: 0176 21930257
notes
Sales according to the target groups Target groups and sales channel mix
Market entry: 2013 in London Market objective: medium term 10.000 units per year Service strategy: cooperation with authorized dealers and independent garages
Flagshipstores
Companies Commuters
Internet
Individualists
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Innovative Mobility
16.09.2010
notes
Sales force
Dealers
The market entry in comparison Smiles AG City El
~13.500€
Aixam Mega City
~16.000€
Aptera 2e
~30.000€
Peugeot Hymotion 3
~10.000€
Reva NXR
~22.000€
Tazzari Zero
~24.000€
Mercedes Smart ED
~22.500€
Loremo
~25.000€
Innovative Mobility Colibri
9.900€
Nissan Land Glider
~16.000€
Peugeot BB1
~19.000€
Renault Twizy
~11.500€
2008 16.09.2010
2009
2010
2011
Innovative Mobility
2012
2013
2014
2015 18
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Thomas Santos Innovative Mobility Automobile Pure Efficiency – a LEV as part of the change in mobility
notes
The technology is sophisticated Dimension Seats Doors Measures(LxWxH) Weight Permitted total weight Trunk volume Wheel Tyre Homologation class
Single seat Three doors 2500x1050x1300 mm 260 kg 410 kg 240 l 16 in. 80/70-16 L7e
Performance Cruising range Motor Power Maximum torque Acceleration from 0 to 50 km/h Maximum speed Drag (CwA) Consumption
120 km Electric Twin Drive 11 kw 40 Nm 4,8 s or 5,3 s (100 km/h version) 85 km/h or 100 km/h 0,31 m² 3,5 kwh/100 km Innovative Mobility
16.09.2010
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notes
The technology is sophisticated Battery Battery type Charging time at 400 V to 80% Charging time at 220 V to 100% Number of load cycles at 80% DOD Weight Capacity Operating voltage
Lithium-Iron-Phosphat 15 min 105 min 1500 (equals ~180.000 km) 50 kg 4,3 kWh 72 V
Interior & Exterior Frame Suspension front and back Steering Doors Body shell Glazing Seat Safety
Aluminium/ Magnesium Independent wheel suspension Progressive PSS steering Upward swing door Polyurethane Polycarbonate Lightweight seat with lifting mechanism Energy absorbent foam
Price
From 9.900 €
16.09.2010
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Innovative Mobility
20
Hannes Neupert HNC The Electrification of the Bicycle Industry
Hannes Neupert HNC 路 The Electrification of the Bicycle Industry
notes
The Electronification of the Bicycle Industry
LEV Conference, Intermot, Cologne, Germany 4 - 5 October 2010 Hannes Neupert President ExtraEnergy e.V. Cashier EnergyBus e.V. Industrial Designer, Consultant
notes
Content: - Introduction - Definition of the bicycle-pedelec difference - Lessons which we can learn from other products - Theory on market share based on observation - Conclusion
notes
Introduction Hannes Neupert, Solar car racing since 1985, Since 1992 working only on electric bicycle tests, since 2001 focus on battery safety and connectivity.
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Hannes Neupert HNC 路 The Electrification of the Bicycle Industry
notes
Introduction
ExtraEnergy e.V. is an independent non-profit organization, headquartered in Tanna, Germany. Its aim is to promote the use of Light-Electric-Vehicles (LEVs), i.e. pedelecs and e-bikes by conducting independent testing, organizing conferences and e-mobility exhibitions on tradeshows as well as providing customers, industry and media with impartial information on LEVs.
notes
Introduction
EnergyBus e.V. is a non-profit organization of industry members headquartered in Tanna, Germany. It develops a standard for all electrical components of LEVs, consisting of a common connector family and communication protocol. Its use in the LEV market will allow for example hassle free public charging and global service.
notes
Definition of the bicycle-pedelec difference First, we must understand that the Pedelec is only one subgropup of the LEV market opening ahead of us.
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Hannes Neupert HNC · The Electrification of the Bicycle Industry
notes
LEV Definition - 4 subcategories: 7
Muscle Electric Hybrid Vehicles
Light Electric Vehicle (LEV) Definition
Pedelec
Pure Light Electric Vehicles
E-Bike
Pure Electric Sports and Leisure Vehicles
Pure Electric Work Assist Vehicles
notes
The pedelec is a bicycle with additional functionalities, which make it more useful and applicable for many customers. In general, it remains a bicycle and is replacing bicycle usage as well as other means of transport like cars and public transport.
notes
Little difference - big impact: Two key additional functions: - Hill remover - Removal of weaker self, i.e. human inner resistance to do a bike ride by removing not so nice aspects of cycling like sweating.
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Hannes Neupert HNC · The Electrification of the Bicycle Industry
notes
Pedelec users cycle more
Observations show that pedelec owners cycle usually much more and more frequently and choose more often the „bicycle“ as other means of transportation. Many people are surprised - but there are many reasons why it should not be surprising!
notes
Fact no 1: The Human is a lazy animal! Watch stairs and escalators in any city in the world - and you will find the proof!
An average of only 2% of the humans walk up stairs, if the escalator is not over crowded! So 98 % of humans are potential pedelec riders!
notes
Example Germany - Netherlands: Germany
Netherlands
Bicycle Ownership per Person (Bicycles)
0,76
1,15
Average daily usage (km)
0,8
3
Average sold Bicylces per Year (Million)
4,3
1,6
Expected Sales of Pedelecs 2010 (units)
230.000
230.000
The German market has a huge potential for growth! In Absolute numbers of sold Pedelec as well in daily distance of bicycle usage.
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Hannes Neupert HNC · The Electrification of the Bicycle Industry
notes
General phenomenon of „Electrification“ As it has happened to many other products before it will happen to the bicycle as well - the virus of „electronification“ will kill the mechanical bicycle within a few years like it has killed many other mechanical products before.
notes
Dead: The mechanical washing machine
notes
Dead: The mechanical music record:
MP3
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Hannes Neupert HNC 路 The Electrification of the Bicycle Industry
notes
Dead: The mechanical record player:
notes
Dead: The mechanical car:
notes
Dead: The mechanical typewriter:
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Hannes Neupert HNC 路 The Electrification of the Bicycle Industry
notes
Dead: The mechanical camera:
notes
Dead: The mechanical telephone:
notes
The 3 Rules of Electronification:
A) Much more customers due to more applications based on the software driven features - ranges factor 3-30 B) Much higher pricing due to higher user value ranges between factor 3-4 C) Much shorter usage cycles due to faster development cycles which are creating replacement wishes by the customer who wants the latest features
32
Hannes Neupert HNC 路 The Electrification of the Bicycle Industry
notes
Recheck of the price increase Theory: 0
500
1000 1500
Pedelecs MTB suspension Speciality bicycles Roadracers MTB no suspension Terkingbikes Foldingbikes
Pedelec 1685 Euro price increase factor 3,25
ATB Citybikes Children bicycles
Citybike 517 Euro 2007
2008
notes
What will be the Price for a full suspension Pedelec MTB? 0
500
1000
1500
Pedelecs MTB suspension Speciality bicycles Roadracers MTB no suspension Terkingbikes Foldingbikes ATB Citybikes Children bicycles
2007
2000
2008
notes
Vision: Future Bicycle = Pedelec! I believe that the Pedelec as an electronic counterpart of the bicycle will dominate the bicycle market in the near future, due to so many more options and features which can never be realized by a mechanical solution! Bicycles will be cannibalized in new vehicle sales to a minor exclusive fraction. They will remain as historical, iconic items hanging on the wall and being decoration element in the corner to collect dust.
33
Hannes Neupert HNC 路 The Electrification of the Bicycle Industry
notes
Thank you very much for your attention! Please visit as well: www.ExtraEnergy.org www.BATSO.org www.EnergyBus.org www.LEVConference.org www.GoPedelec.eu Hannes Neupert ExtraEnergy e.V. Koskauer Str 100 07922 Tanna/Th眉ringen info@ExtraEnergy.org Tel: 036646-27094
34
Bin Min Lin  ITRI Government support
Bin Min Lin ITRI · Government support
notes
LEV Conference 2010 Koln
The Government Support in LEV Industries in Taiwan Industrial Technology Research Institute Material and Chemical Research Lab. 林炳明 Bing Ming Lin bmlin@itri.org.tw
4/Oct./2010
1
Copyright 2010 ITRI 工業技術研究院
notes
Contents ‧ Review of the promotion activities of electric scooter in Taiwan – Electric motorcycle subsidy program – Test status – Promotion status ‧ Light or small light? ‧ Battery detachable or fixed? ‧ Swap or quick charge station?
‧ Pedelec and E-bike ‧ Perspective Copyright 2010 ITRI 工業技術研究院
2
notes
Category of Taiwan Light EV (Heavy)
– Large heavy motorcycle (displacement>250cc) ‧ output>40hp if electric
– Regular heavy motorcycle(50cc<displacement≦250cc) ‧ For motor and controller output>5hp and ≦40hp if electric
Light motorcycle(displacement≦50cc) – Regular light (electric) motorcycle – Small light electric motorcycle
Low speed vehicle
– Electric bike – Electric assisted bike
Copyright 2010 ITRI 工業技術研究院
36
3
Bin Min Lin ITRI · Government support
notes
Category of Light electric motorcycle
Power/speed/weight/ dimension Regular light
Small light
Other regulation
‧ 1.34hp<power≤5hp ‧ power<1.34hp and >45kph ‧ L≦2.5m,W≦1.3m,H≦2m
‧ Driving license/insurance ‧ Safety helmet ‧ Certification , license badge ‧ Carry person allowed,max cargo 50kg
‧ ‧ ‧ ‧ ‧ ‧
‧ Power cut off within 3 sec if>45kph,if mal-function, and if brake ‧ Driving license/insurance ‧ Safety helmet ‧ Certification , license badge ‧ Not allowed to carry person,max cargo 20kg
power<1.34hp < 45kph ≦ 70kg(including battery) L≦2.5m,W≦1m,H≦2m Tier dia.>300mm,≦420mm Tier width>75mm,≦100mm
4
Copyright 2010 ITRI 工業技術研究院
notes
Category of Low speed vehicle
Electric bike
Electric assisted bike
Power/speed/weight/ dimension
Other regulation
<1kW <25kph <40kg(不含電池) L≦2.5m,W≦1m,L≦2m Handle not fordable or adjustable ‧ Min height of saddle>60cm ‧ Tier dia.>300mm,≦420mm ‧ Tier width>75mm,≦100mm
‧ Battery nominal voltage < 48V ‧ Power cut off within 3 sec if over speed、 brake or mal-function ‧ Stand durability, frame fatigue stiffness ‧ Speed meter, light and EMC will be regulated from 2012 ‧ Driving license not required ‧ Safety helmet not mandate ‧ Certification, and stick ‧ Carry person not allowed
‧ ‧ ‧ ‧
‧ Battery nominal voltage < 48V ‧ Power cut off within 3 sec if over speed、 brake or mal-function ‧ Driving license and badge not required ‧ Safety helmet not mandate ‧ Certification, and stick
‧ ‧ ‧ ‧ ‧
<400W <25kph <40kg(including battery) Comply with CNS 14126
5
Copyright 2010 ITRI 工業技術研究院
notes
Electric motorcycle subsidy program (announced in 2009/05)
• Electric motorcycle to be subsidized requires: – – – –
Adopt detachable lithium battery pack, nominal voltage 48V Fixed battery pack will be acceptable in the new revised program Acquire vehicle type approval certified by MOTC Pass performance and safety standard test
• Subsidy amount
– Two categories:NTD8000/11000 – Additional reward if sale quantity over prescribed number – Subsidy for charge station set up:Max amount of NTD100000 per station
• Approval of the application requires:
– Capability of after service and maintenance, planning of refueling system – Business plan including: • Projected sales amount、warranty condition、promotion program etc.
• Regular and irregular inspection of the product – Conformability inspection and factory examination
• End of program: 2012 (will be postponed till 2013) Copyright 2010 ITRI 工業技術研究院
6
37
Bin Min Lin ITRI · Government support
notes
Performance and safety criteria (original) Items
Light (Small light)category standard
Safety Climbing ability
vehicle
Over 10km/h at 18%(12%)gradient
Max. speed
Over 50(30)km/h
Acceleration
From 0 to 100m, within 12sec(from 0 to 50m, within 9sec)
Driving range
Over 40(30)km under city driving pattern
Durability Battery capacity indication
EMC Battery module
Comply with TES-0A-10-01 “Specific safety requirement for electric motorcycles”
Safety Weight
Charge system
After accelerated deteriorate driving test for 5,000 (3000) km without major failure, driving range shall retain 85% of initial test result At least additional 2km driving range before and after durability test when low level warning of residual capacity occurs Comply with TES-0A-07-01 EMC test methods for electric motorcycle Comply with TES-0A-08-01 “Safety guide rules of detachable battery module” Comply withTES-0B-01-01 “Methods of secondary lithium-ion battery safety test ” Under 10kg for a single module Comply with TES-0A-09-01 “Safety guide rules of charge system” 7
Copyright 2010 ITRI 工業技術研究院
notes
Performance and safety criteria (new version) Items
Light (Small light)category standard
Safety Climbing ability
vehicle
Over 10km/h at 18%(12%)gradient
Max. speed
Over 45(30)km/h
Acceleration
From 0 to 100m, within 12sec(from 0 to 50m, within 9sec)
Driving range
Over 30(30)km under city driving pattern
Durability Battery capacity indication
EMC Battery module
Comply with TES-0A-10-01 “Specific safety requirement for electric motorcycles”
Safety Weight
Charge system
After accelerated deteriorate driving test for 3,500 (2,300) km without major failure At least additional 2km driving range when low level warning of residual capacity occurs Comply with TES-0A-07-01 EMC test methods for electric motorcycle Comply with TES-0A-08-01 “Safety guide rules of detachable (or fixed) battery module” Comply withTES-0B-01-01 “Methods of secondary lithium-ion battery safety test ” Under 10kg for a detachable single module Comply with TES-0A-09-01 “Safety guide rules of charge system” 8
Copyright 2010 ITRI 工業技術研究院
聯合測試實驗室
Test procedure and test org. Battery test
Vehicle test
Charge system test
ITRI Pre-test
ARTC
•Max. speed •Acceleration •Climbing ability •Driving range •EMC •Specific safety •Durability •Residual capacity indication
Battery safe test ITRI •Over charge •Short circuit •Partial short circuit •crush
• • • • •
ETC shock drop vibration Low pressure Temperature cycle
Detachable safety requirement • • • • •
Label and mechanical Contact durability Potential resistance Insulation ESD
ETC •Label and mechanical •discharge •Space and interval •Plug and unplug •IP55 of inlet •Temperature rise •shock •Roll over •Grounding •Potential endurance •Insulation •Contact current •Label endurance •EMC
ARTC: Automotive Research & Testing Center ETC: Electronics Testing Center MCL: Material and Chemical Research Laboratories Copyright 2010 ITRI 工業技術研究院
38
9
notes
Bin Min Lin ITRI · Government support
notes
Examine system and procedure Executive committee (decision & superintend) Technology group
Program office (logistic)
As assistance to
(technology consultancy and technical assessment)
Project implement (promotion)
Test lab. (TES test standard)
to aid
test
to apply
Vehicle makers/battery makers 10
Copyright 2010 ITRI 工業技術研究院
notes
Test status ‧ Battery safety and vehicle EMC seem to be the toughest test items, it took longer time than expected: – Uneasy to pass:battery crush、over charge、vibration – 1st vehicle took six months to get certification
‧ TES test standards were reviewed and modified, revised version has been announced. ‧ Another three models are registered for test ‧ All related standard are being promoted to be CNS.
11
Copyright 2010 ITRI 工業技術研究院
notes
Four scooters have been approved There are already over 1000 scooters sold and subsidized
E-TON e-MO EV3A
CMC EM198
Stick label for scooter
KYMCO EA10BB Copyright 2010 ITRI 工業技術研究院
SYM e-star EA1LU 12
39
Bin Min Lin ITRI · Government support
notes
Promotion status
Scenario-light or small light? ‧
Battery remains as the key component:
‧
A Light scooter with two battery systems however, difficult to define it is lead acid or lithium battery scooter:
‧ ‧
– Weight limit and cost concern, almost no one is willing to develop light category scooter. – Hard to reach common ground of warranty condition of battery pack between battery and vehicle makers – Performance cost ratio, battery business model need time to be justified.
– Energy coming out from lithium battery needs to exceed 50% of total energy output
Criteria of 10kg battery weight limit, 40km range and 50kph speed is considered the barrier for light scooter to cross. Is small light scooter marketable? – Electric bike has lower technical barrier and NTD3000 subsidy, is dominating the market currently
13
Copyright 2010 ITRI 工業技術研究院
notes
Promotion status
scenario-battery detachable or fixed? ‧
Detachable battery has weight limit and safety concern, fixed battery type motorcycle is reconsidered subsidized: – – – – – –
Fixed battery lower the risk of being dropped, disassembled, shorted Heavier and hence higher vehicle performance—“light motorcycle” Easier and more reliable connection and fastening Easier packaging, cost saving Require only one charger(detachable system might need two) Main drawbacks—require charge infra., un-swappable~range limited
‧
Definition of fixed battery:
‧
Re-define detachable battery:
‧
Subsidiary program has been revised to accept fixed battery
– Unable to be detached without tools, can be charged only on-board – Can be detached without tools and charged off-board
14
Copyright 2010 ITRI 工業技術研究院
notes
Scenario-
swap or quick charge station I ? Traditional swap scenario ‧ Common battery ‧ Swap station with charge function ‧ Refuel either at home or swap station ‧ Require business model to overcome: -information change between different makers -product differentiation
‧ Step by step:
-start from one company on its own model -the battery adopted by multi-company -start from common charge interface -demonstration program organized by government first
Copyright 2010 ITRI 工業技術研究院
40
Innovated swap scenario ‧ Each scooter maker has its own exchange system, only few packs prepared for exchange in service store ‧ Consumer charge at home normally, exchange the pack only by emergency ‧ Swap station for swap only, batteries are collected, delivered and charged by managing center. ‧ Swap station takes care of swap and charge, battery can not be charged at home. ‧ Swap the light lithium battery only for dual battery system motorcycle
15
Bin Min Lin ITRI · Government support
notes
Swap station/point
Information from:City Power, HT energy, Inskey Energy
16
Copyright 2010 ITRI 工業技術研究院
notes
Quick charge station A charge station set up in the university for electric scooter
‧ Directly coupled with PV power during day time ‧ 500W charge supply 0.5~1C charge current
Information from:Chung Cheng University, JS Power
17
Copyright 2010 ITRI 工業技術研究院
notes
Scenario-
swap or quick charge station II ? ‧ Swap system faces sophisticated technical and commercial integration: – Weight is a critical issue, swap is not an easy job. – Difficult to get common battery spec. ‧ ‧ ‧ ‧ ‧
voltage:48 V capacity:>640 Wh dimension (L × W) : 140×170, 120×200 (two options) weight:<10 Kg Communication interface:CAN BUS
– Smaller pack swapped by consumer, larger pack swapped by professional
‧ Is quick charge an option?
– Operation time, battery acceptance, standard charging plug, higher charging station density than swap station
‧ Require study in depth and real demonstration fleet to get precise strategy Copyright 2010 ITRI 工業技術研究院
18
41
Bin Min Lin ITRI · Government support
notes
E-bike and Pedelec
‧ 69 pedelec models by 34 makers approved to be subsidized ‧ 44 e-bike models by 24 makers approved to be subsidized
(All makers’ name)
Information from: website of Environmental Protection Administration 19
Copyright 2010 ITRI 工業技術研究院
notes
Pedelecs
About 30000 pedelecs were subsidized since 2006
Pedelec been subsidized
12000 10000
Giant Lafree EA-333 Number
8000
KENFA E6-168
6000 4000 2000
Giant Lafree EA-600
PAN TEC 捷豹 P-20B
0 2006
2007
EZbike EZ-i-bike-F20
2008 Year
2009
2010 upto Jul only
PHET SFB-18
DK CITY DB0
DK CITY EZ pro EZF1000 20
Copyright 2010 ITRI 工業技術研究院
notes
E-bikes ‧ Some typical models get certification and NT$3000 subsidy Since Jul. 2009, there are 3833 sets subsidized
‧ Some models are not certified considered illegal on road
Giant Momentum EB152
金牌 EVA-4812
KYMCO EA10BC
Meibruce美博士 MD-1
GET綠鎛 GM-1
金牌 Happy Go
Locovei可愛馬 V-Leo
FPE飛寶 FP-S500
Information: EPA and website of makers Copyright 2010 ITRI 工業技術研究院
42
21
Alex Thusbass  Kucher & Thusbass Market segmentation
Hannes Neupert ExtraEnergy & EnergyBus · Market segmentation
notes
Market Segmentation One Pedelec for all?
LEV Conference Intermot Cologne 4.-5th of October 2010 Hannes Neupert President ExtraEnergy e.V. Treasurer EnergyBus e.V. Industrial Designer, independent consultant
notes
Content
• Why different Bicycle Types? • Who needs / wants a Pedelec? • Sorting Pedelecs by Customer Whishes? • The Key Customer Groups 2010! • Implementation of the Marketsegmentation!
notes
Why different Bicycle Types? What is PEDELEC FINDER An international pedelec database
• Comprehensive product information on each vehicle • Covers all products tested by ExtraEnergy • Includes product information given by the manufacturers
The most comprehensive online research tool • Detailed preselection of search citeria • Target group related search • Personal user profile finds best choice for each customer
A competent product guide
To the benefit of: • Consumers to find the product that meets their needs best • Industry, dealers, press, cities & regions, researchers to study the market • Manufacturers to market their products
44
Hannes Neupert ExtraEnergy & EnergyBus 路 Market segmentation
notes
Why Different Bicycle Types? Stupid Question!
Since Customers have so many different requirements and wishes!
notes
Why Different Pedelec Types?
Still many bicycle makers and stores thought until recently that one Pedelec type would be enough to cover the whole market!
Stupid!
notes
Common Opinion until recently:
Pedelecs are only for: old, weak, overweight, disabled = uncool people! This opinion was leading to the one size fits all strategy! Even ExtraEnergy published 1999 the first target group matrix!
45
Hannes Neupert ExtraEnergy & EnergyBus 路 Market segmentation
notes
Who needs / wants a Pedelec? ExtraEnergy introduced 1999 the theory that a Pedelec can be useful for every target group including sportive applications! At that time this has been a very theoretical approach. But based on the QFD Methodology Frieder Herb of ExtraEnergy has pointed out how to combine customer requirements and technical specification. Something basic in the car Industry since the 1970s when Invented by Joji Akao.
notes
Sorting Pedelecs by Customer Wishes: For the tests ExtraEnergy started to work on a methodology to sort the tested Pedelecs by customer wishes in 1999.
notes
QFD Methodology applied to Pedelecs: Customer wishes have been translated to product specifications.
46
Hannes Neupert ExtraEnergy & EnergyBus 路 Market segmentation
notes
The Key Customer Groups 2010 URBAN
Easy
COMFORT
Business
Folding
LEISURE
Tour
CityComfort
Classic
Reha
TRANSPORT
Sport
Wellness
Family
Utility
notes
QFD based Test selection implemented 2010:
notes
Customers can find their Segment by answering 5 easy Questions: 1. Where do you normally ride?
4. How much do you normally carry
2. How much comfort do you need?
5. Do you need to carry your vehicle
3. What is your typical speed?
Product recomendation based on QFD Methode!
47
Hannes Neupert ExtraEnergy & EnergyBus 路 Market segmentation
notes
The Customer Groups by Sinus:
notes
Currently the market is just explored in some segments. No Manufacturer is jet catering all customer requirements!
notes
Implementation of the Market Segmentation!
Only two LEV manufacturers / companies in the world market have been jet working on a full customer wish driven product portfolio. A) Industrial Designer Guido Golling has developed such a product range for the german dealer network ZEG
48
Hannes Neupert ExtraEnergy & EnergyBus 路 Market segmentation
notes B) Industrial designers Alex Thusbass and Lutz Kucher have developed in a record timeline for Winora a complete product range with no target group overlapping. This is the first time in the world such a product portfolio was developed. For me it was the biggest show stopper at Eurobike even it was not as spectacular as many other individual prototypes.
notes B) Guido Golling has developt such a product range for the german dealer network ZEG
notes B) Guido Golling has developt such a product range for the german dealer network ZEG
49
Hannes Neupert ExtraEnergy & EnergyBus 路 Market segmentation
notes
The Chance for the Bicycle Industry Have the full range and fulfill the customer wishes by a modular approach! Other players may pick single target groups.
notes
Thank you for your attention every cycle customer = a single pedelec specification wish
50
Ulrich Prediger Leaserad Leasing Concept
Ulrich Prediger Leaserad · Leasing Concept
notes
Bicycle Leasing for companies, municipalities and institutions
About LeaseRad
notes
• 2008 founded in the „Green City“ Freiburg • provide alternative solution for corporate mobility („Corporate Bicycle Fleets“) • service provider for cost saving, climate protection and health • our customers: companies
public authorities organisations bicycle Manufacturers cycling travel companies
Bicycle Leasing The future of mobility:
„E-Bikes between € 2000 - 3000 offer a better margin in Germany than that of compact cars“ car industry is carefully looking into bike business* *Bike Europe, Sept 2010 - Willy Nitschke, Volkswagen LeaseRad GmbH, Cologne, Oct - 2010
52
notes
Ulrich Prediger Leaserad · Leasing Concept
notes
Bicycle Leasing The future of commuting:
electric Bikes are faster than cars in urban areas for distances up to 9 km
travelling by car in cities gets more and more expensive finding parking spots is intensively time consuming fun and fresh air are pleasing side effects LeaseRad GmbH, Cologne, Oct - 2010
notes
Bicycle Leasing The future of urban goods traffic?
cargo bikes are the fastest alternative to transport goods up to 100 kg in urban areas! high quality e-cargo bikes are high-priced – leasing makes them affordable! LeaseRad GmbH, Cologne, Oct - 2010
notes
Bicycle Leasing Advantages 1 •
bike leasing saves up to 90% of conventional car-leasing costs
•
a tax deductible business expense: leased e-bikes and fleet equipment are tax deductible and can be set against business tax
•
we are working on a change of regulation so that employees do not have to pay income taxes when they use the e-bike for commuting or other private purposes
•
high quality e-bikes are expensive leasing means pay for use!
•
corporate social responsibility : commuting by bike means a real reduction in personal and corporate carbon footprint – customers will appreciate it!
LeaseRad GmbH, Cologne, Oct - 2010
53
Ulrich Prediger Leaserad · Leasing Concept
notes
Bicycle Leasing Advantages of Leasing 2
staff will be healthier - with less sickness absenteeism short product-life-cycles leasing shortens time to exchange against up to date technology leasing is in Germany already the most succesful and best known concept to finance corporate fleets LeaseRad GmbH, Cologne, Oct - 2010
notes
Bicycle Leasing Complementary Services of LeaseRad: •
Financing/leasing service
•
complete fleetmanagement (e.g. maintenance, battery-management)
•
bicycle-branding in customers´ corporate design
•
quality management for high customer satisfaction
•
mobility consulting
•
sale of returned lease-bikes
•
insurance by
LeaseRad GmbH, Cologne, Oct - 2010
notes
Bicycle Leasing Customer Nokia Berlin Employees of the Nokia branch office in Berlin use bicycles for the fast mobility within the city. A special feature is the design „powered by Nokia“. -city bikes -leasing period: 24 months -full-service -insurance -leasing reate: € 47,50
LeaseRad GmbH, Cologne, Oct - 2010
54
Ulrich Prediger Leaserad · Leasing Concept
notes
Bicycle Leasing Customer ABG Frankfurt The building society ABG in Frankfurt set up a big project with low emission apartment buildings. To ensure the green mobility of the hirer, 40 e-bikes including full-service were distributed among them.
full-service insurance subsidised project e-bikes had to be bought
LeaseRad GmbH, Cologne, Oct - 2010
notes
Bicycle Leasing Customer City of Stuttgart Since 2009 employees of the municipal authority enjoy the relaxed driving with e-bikes around the demanding hilly terrain of the capital of BadenWürttemberg. city e-bikes leasing period: 24 months no service no insurance Leasing rate: € 59,-
LeaseRad GmbH, Cologne, Oct - 2010
notes
Bicycle Leasing Customer municipality Bad Wildbad Tourists can rent e-bikes at the top of the Sommerbergbahn to explore the black forest without too much effort.
comfort e-bikes leasing period: 24 months no service no insurance Leasing rate: € 73,-
LeaseRad GmbH, Cologne, Oct - 2010
55
Ulrich Prediger Leaserad · Leasing Concept
notes
Bicycle Leasing Customer hotel Frankfurt As a special offer guests of the „Hotel Villa Orange“ in Frankfurt can explore the city-center with chique and trendy e-bikes. comfort e-bikes leasing period: 24 months full-service no insurance Leasing rate: € 96,20
LeaseRad GmbH, Cologne, Oct - 2010
Bicycle Leasing
notes
Some of our partners/customers
LeaseRad GmbH, Cologne, Oct - 2010
Bicycle Leasing Our concept of sustainable mobility has already won several prestigious awards!
LeaseRad GmbH, Cologne, Oct - 2010
56
notes
Ulrich Prediger Leaserad · Leasing Concept
notes
Contact
Any questions? Please feel free to ask! LeaseRad GmbH Zähringerstraße 355 D-79108 Freiburg Tel.: +49 (0) 761 7010 484 Fax: +49 (0) 761 7010 489 Email: info@leaserad.de Web: www.leaserad.de
LeaseRad GmbH, Cologne, Oct - 2010
57
Stefan Lippert ID Bike – ELMOTO GmbH Sales options
Stefan Lippert ID Bike – ELMOTO GmbH ¡ Sales options
notes
notes
LEV Conference ID-BIKE GmbH 4.10.2010
notes
Remarkeable Startup during the last 30 month Low Budget Leading Product in the L1e Segment Design Development European homologation Own production Key sales projects Distributors Dealers Shop
60
Stefan Lippert ID Bike – ELMOTO GmbH · Sales options
notes
Early recognition of market chances Existing know how German Production Early Sales Start 2009 Up to now 2000 units of one kind sold Leading brand in D,A,CH Own segment definition
notes Lifestyle oriented Design Reliable Technology Early Market entrance Resulted in wide media presence Good Test Results Today all produced units can be sold immediately Motorrad (mit Test), 2Rad, Deutsche Welle TV, N24, NTV, Bike, Spiegel Online, FAZ, Bild, Süddeutsche Zeitung, GQ, Stuff, Stuttgarter Zeitung, Zeit Approx 20 regional Newspapers and approx 50 Onlineportals And much more
notes PRODUCT
61
Stefan Lippert ID Bike – ELMOTO GmbH · Sales options
notes ELMOTO is different – and better Special Design as an optimized light electric motorcycle All key componets are specific developments for the ELMOTO Almost all key components are manufactured in Germany All other components are delivered by leading bicycle suppliers
notes ELMOTO is different – and better
47km/h (regulated)
Special Design as an optimized light electric motorcycle
45 kg Weight
All key componets are specific developments for the ELMOTO
65 km Travelling Distance 125 kg Load Lithium-Battery 50V 25Ah
Almost all key components are manufactured in Germany All other components are delivered by leading bicycle suppliers
CNC-Aluminium-Frame
BLGL- Motor
notes COMPANY
62
Stefan Lippert ID Bike – ELMOTO GmbH · Sales options
notes
Beratung Finanzierung
ELMOTO is focussing on core competencies, supported by strong partners and suppliers
Leitung Controlling Personal
Design & Entwicklung
Design Konstruktion Prototyp
Fahrwerksauslegung Batteriemanagement
Asieneinkauf Lagerorganisation SAP
Sourcing Einkauf Logistik
Teileproduktion Produktionsplanung Betriebsstätte
Teilefertigung Vormontage Produktion Lager Qualität
Marketing Vertrieb Service
Auslieferungslager Zulassungen
notes Headquarter in Stuttgart Management Design Development Sourcing Controlling Sales Shop in E-Mobility Center Stuttgart is opening soon
notes Production in Ravensburg Warehouse Assembly Servicecenter Training Center Quality Management Logistics Actually 250 unis per month Capacity for up to 1000 unis per month
63
Stefan Lippert ID Bike – ELMOTO GmbH · Sales options
notes DEVELOPMENT
notes IPDD delivers new desings for new markets
notes Constant development in drive chain and wheelbase
64
Stefan Lippert ID Bike – ELMOTO GmbH · Sales options
notes More Elmotos coming soon
notes MARKET
notes
ELMOTO: 100% USP
65
Stefan Lippert ID Bike – ELMOTO GmbH ¡ Sales options
/...,
Using the ELMOTO replaces using the car Alternative Solution for commuters with a travelling distance of 10 – 20 km. Potential Market in Germany of approx 2.2m commuters
/." $ )&##) #+
# # & % + &# 116 # /)36 +
notes
ELMOTO is the perfect hybrid solution: Stay with your favourite car Use ELMOTO whenever you like Save 10 -20 % of mobility costs immediately
#*## -�..2
notes Car companies are facing the situation, that cars will not be ready to sell in large scales before 2015 All mayor car companies present solutions for electric 2wheelers 2-wheeler electric market will be seriously developped in Europe through the next years LEVs are focus in overall electric mobility
notes
Market demand for LEV will increase, most in Europe and USA Ban of 2-wheelers with combustion engines in cities Green party in Germany already proposed such a ban for Germany with serious background Change in motorcycle market like in Asia most probable
66
Cem Ă–zdemir
Stefan Lippert ID Bike – ELMOTO GmbH · Sales options
notes SALES
notes
2000 Units sold
notes Sales enabled by: Own sales Team and Reps 2 Step Sales Importers Shops Key Projects Exhibitions Marketing Projects 2010: 15 Trade Shows
67
Stefan Lippert ID Bike – ELMOTO GmbH ¡ Sales options
notes Since July 4th the ELMOTO runs in a 530 units test field in Stuttgart Supported by German Government within the model regions of Germany. Because of this fleet, we alredy have a record of 280000 km of recorded test driving Technology Service Driving Behaviour
EnBW already ordered the following set of 600 Bikes
notes
ELMOTO is the leading vehicle in new Mobility with Lifestyle, Driving Fun and Resposibility. ELMOTO will be a Market Leader in LEV
Thank you very much.
Stefan Lippert ID-Bike GmbH Calwer Strasse 11 70173 Stuttgart 0711 3265457
68
notes
Reimar Beer Emotion-technologies lev-store
Reimar Beer Emotion-technologies · LEV-store
notes
confidential
1
Facts & figures German e-Bike market
notes
What is the right distribution channel for e-Bikes? Analysis
6500 Bike Shops in Germany
What is the challenge for e-Bike manufacturers and new market entrants? Ø bike dealers are already bound to few suppliers Ø bike dealers are often not very efficient to cope with, ordering only small quantities Ø bike dealers are not very loyal Ø bike dealers are mostly passiv Ø bike dealers do not actively promote e-bikes as a new dimension of mobility
What is the right distribution channel for e-Bikes? Ø Main customer decision making criteria : • Competent and customer oriented expert advice • good selection of e-Bikes • test rides to experience the fascination • convenient logistics and service
confidential
2
Business Modell
notes
Vision • e-motion Technologies will become one of the most preferred partners for manufacturers and consumers in the two-wheel LEV sector Mission • We want to position us as a Partner & Expert for innovative e-mobility • We want to increase the pleasure of biking through new technologies • We want to contribute to a more sustainable life style Strategy • Conventional Sales of e-Bikes • Conceptional Sales of e-Bikes • Build up a Germany-wide Premium-Shop system
confidential
70
3
Reimar Beer Emotion-technologies · LEV-store
notes
Strategy
Company profile e-motion is one of the e-bike pioneers e-motion does not only sell e-Bikes > e-motion delivers solutions e-motion covers all fields of e-Bike mobility
B2Consumer
B2Business
B2Medical
Own e-motion Shops
Premium-Licence-Shops
Medical Mobility center
Test-ride events/Fairs/PR
Corporate-Mobility
Stationary-Reha-concept
Mobile Repair Service
Tourism-Mobility
Post-Reha-concept
Bikes&more Programm
City-Mobility
Silver Generation
confidential
notes
4
USPs
e-motion offers unique advantages to customers
Only selected premium e-Bikes for each target group Mobile Repair Service
Your e-Bike partner and expert
Bikes & more Bonus Programm
Competent experts and free test rides
Free of charge home delivery
confidential
notes
5
e-motion target groups
e-motion target groups Comfort oriented leisure time bikers (City & Tour) 70 years + x = 11 Mio. people in Germany 55 years + x = 28 Mio. people in Germany Handicapped = 4,5 Mio. people in Germany Urban Trendsetters LOHAS: Life of health and sustainability à 3,7 Mio. people in Germany (60% female / 40% male) Sportive Allrounders à 34 Mio. people in Germany do sports regularly à 3,4 Mio. (10%) might consider an sportive e-Bike as alternative City Hoppers & Campers à 40 Mio. workers / 4 Mio. bike commuters / 7 Mio. could commute as they have less than 10km to work à 4,9 Mio. German Campers confidential
6
71
Reimar Beer Emotion-technologies · LEV-store
e-Bike Portfolio
notes Our e-Bike Portfolio – the right bike for everyone
Comfort City- & Touring
City Hoppers
Urban U b Trendsetters T d tt
Sportive Allrounders
Medical Mobility
Long-Distance commuters
confidential
7
Vorteile der e-motion Lizenz-Partner
notes
e- motion Technologies Premium Shops Karlsfeld, München, Köln, Nürnberg, Donauwörth, more to come
E-Bikes, Pedelecs & more & nothing else
100% Focus on LEVs on two wheels / three wheels confidential
8
Vorteile der e-motion Lizenz-Partner
notes
e- motion Technologies Premium Shops Karlsfeld, München, Köln, Nürnberg, Donauwörth, more to come
Clean design & Test drive possibilities confidential
72
9
Reimar Beer Emotion-technologies · LEV-store
notes
Vorteile der e-motion Lizenz-Partner
e- motion Technologies Premium Shops Karlsfeld, München, Köln, Nürnberg, Donauwörth, more to come
Customers need competence and well-being when taking a >2000€ decision
Each Shop has a Service corner
confidential
notes
10
Agenda
Germany wide e-Bike Service & Logistic Centre
Free of charge home delivery
Mobile repair Service
confidential
notes
11
Test ride events / Fairs
Customers want to experience LEVs -> focus on events
confidential
12
73
Reimar Beer Emotion-technologies · LEV-store
Bikes & more referall marketing
notes
Bikes & more referral marketing lets people participate in e-Bike Boom
+
+
=
confidential
13
Agenda
notes e-motion shops also do projects with companies & institutions
confidential
14
Slogan
notes
We mainly sell „emotion with the help of „technology
confidential
74
15
Reimar Beer Emotion-technologies · LEV-store
notes
Contact
Your partner and expert for e-Bikes e-motion Technologies GmbH Rathausstrasse 79 85757 Karlsfeld / München Tel: 08131 - 271 877 0 Fax: 08131 - 271 877 1 www.emotion-technologies.de info@emotion-technologies.de Amtsgericht München - Sitz München - HRB 180420 Geschäftsführer: Winfried Karrer
confidential
16
75
Edward Benjamin eCycleElectric Consultants Sales channels trends
Edward Benjamin eCycleElectric Consultants · Sales channels trends
notes
Will Electric Bicycles Remain Bicycles?
notes
Edward Benjamin Managing Director of eCE Business Profile • Founder of eCycleElectric Consultants: 16 years studying electric bicycle industry, world wide. 40 years in bicycle industry, 16 in ebike industry, wide experience in the technology, product development, manufacturing, distribution, sales and regulation of electric bicycles, bicycles, LEVs. - Founder and Chairman of Light Electric Vehicle Association
Time View In 1997, in this town, we were struggling to be recognized as a viable niche product. In a very short time, we have emerged at the biggest money maker in the EU bike business! What time frame do we need to work in to be ready for 2020 and 2025? What will the market for LEVs be in 2025?
78
notes
Edward Benjamin eCycleElectric Consultants ¡ Sales channels trends
notes
World View Electric powered two wheelers, world wide, is a much more important machine than it would appear in the USA, EU, or Japan. Those of us in the well developed world have options – car, metro, train, bus, etc. But the majority of humans live in places that do not have a metro, and can not support cars, or efficient trains.
notes
World View Individual transportation, as Han Goes articulated, is a basic human requirement that all people, everywhere insist on. Individual transport for most people has been foot, or bicycle. Cars are only reently widely available outside of USA, EU, Japan.
notes
Wealth is Increasing World wide, people are enjoying more wealth, and this brings new choices. A consistent early choice by a human with more money, is better personal transport, with better being a matter of style, prestige, (not rational) and utility. (rational)
79
Edward Benjamin eCycleElectric Consultants · Sales channels trends
Personal Transport Today
notes
Market World Wide: Bicycles = about 130 million Light Motorcycle/Scooter = about 65 million Cars, light trucks = about 65 million
Other Transport
notes
By volume of use: Bus, Car, Metro, Train, Plane,
Pedelecs and Ebikes are Very Privileged Vehicles • No registration, no license, no insurance, no helmet, use bike path or road. • Most regulatory issues are self certification, easy to comply with. • Very convenient product for the manufacturer, distributor, dealer, and consumer.
80
notes
Edward Benjamin eCycleElectric Consultants · Sales channels trends
notes
Based on Bicycle Performance and Regulations • In most of the world, electric bike laws require performance and form factor that resembles normal bicycles – thus making them compatible with the laws and usage of bicycles on the roadway, bike way, and market. • 250 watt, slow speed, rider must pedal, etc., all ideas that conform to bicycle paradigm.
notes
But, Maybe Not What Consumer Wants? • All over the world, consumers seem to want a more powerful, more useful vehicle. • Chinese SSEBs, Swiss speed bikes, USA POD bikes, Japan increase in power for PAS bikes, EU discussion of increase in power for EPACs and new Type Approval bikes.
notes
81
Edward Benjamin eCycleElectric Consultants · Sales channels trends
notes
notes
Clean Mobile, Flyer, Storck.. Great rides, but not your ordinary Pedelecs
• It is clear from comments at shows that even the industry guys are attracted to the more powerful bikes, and that excitement is lacking in 250 watt pedelecs.
Bicycle?
82
notes
Edward Benjamin eCycleElectric Consultants 路 Sales channels trends
notes
New Players not Bike Companies Bosch, BMW, Volkswagen, MATRA, Magna, Hero, Lenovo, Lexus Some old players are not bike companies: Yamaha, Honda, Panasonic, Sanyo,
notes
Electric Bicycles are Usually Transportation
notes
Transportation Looks Like This:
83
Edward Benjamin eCycleElectric Consultants 路 Sales channels trends
And This:
And This:
And Needs Support:
84
notes
notes
notes
Edward Benjamin eCycleElectric Consultants · Sales channels trends
notes
If Electric Bicycles are Transportation, Then: The shape, size, and power of electric bicycles must change: • Larger to carry more people and stuff. • Faster, and longer range. • Able to climb hills and ramps.
notes
Type Approval Vehicles are Our Future The EU already has a process for homologation of such vehicles. They are not as privileged or as convenient as bicycles.
notes
Requirements • • • • • • •
Licensed Motor Vehicle Dealer License plate and associated taxes Driving license Insurance Helmets Age restrictions Must meet many equipment requirements.
85
Edward Benjamin eCycleElectric Consultants · Sales channels trends
Less Privileged • • • •
notes
Many standards for the vehicles. Testing required Roadway only. More government regulation in every level.
Lost Convenience, But Increased Sales?
notes
• The bicycle industry (world wide) is not well equipped to deal with these extra requirements. • But it appears that the electric bicycle will evolve towards an electric moped or electric motor scooter. • This may mean a much larger market, in terms of value, than the ebike market of today. notes
Benjamins Prediction: • By 2025… • Half of all bicycle sales will be electric bikes – and they will be very similar to todays bicycles. About 50 million units. • Due to regulatory and consumer pressure, all moped, motor scooter and light motorcycle sales will be electric. About 80 million units.
86
Edward Benjamin eCycleElectric Consultants · Sales channels trends
notes
How Big? • Ignoring population growth… • 130 million units, more than 105 billion dollars per year in electric powered two wheelers. • Most of the value will be electric motor scooter type motor-vehicles, not bicycles.
notes
What will drive this? • Increasing urban density – no room for parking 4 wheelers, but still needing individual transportation. • Parking and traffic congestion making two wheelers more practical than 4 wheelers. • Government regulation to decrease air and noise pollution and dependence on gasoline by mandating electric power. • Fuel Price and availability
notes
Listening to the Consumers
As an industry, we don’t do much of this. Our product managers at this time are usually bike guys with big thighs, who do not ride electric bikes. We share shows with ICE or normal bikes. Our biggest markets are in Asia, but we are discussing this in Europe. The loudest voice in making these changes and affecting the commercial product speaks in Chinese. How will we change this? What will our product be in 2025?
87
Edward Benjamin eCycleElectric Consultants 路 Sales channels trends
notes
Questions? Ask now, or contact us: Call 1-239-410-5187, email to ed@eCycleElectric.com or visit eCycleElectric.com
.
88
Andreas Kekedi  SLG Rules for dangerous goods
Andreas Kekedi SLG · Rules for dangerous goods
notes
SLG Prüf- und Zertifizierungs GmbH
Testing of the Electrical Safety and EMC of EPAC‘s
19.10.10
notes SLG Prüf- und Zertifizierungs GmbH SLG GmbH
More than 45 years experience in testing ... 1962 Central Laboratory for Electrical Appliances, leading R&D centre in Eastern Germany for testing and development of household appliances 1990
Accreditation as GS test laboratory
1992
Foundation of SLG Prüf- und Zertifizierungs GmbH
1992
Competent Body for EMC
1993 Incorporation of the Siemens calibration laboratory Chemnitz into our accredited laboratory 1994 CE test laboratory No. 0494 1997
Branches in China, Hong Kong, Taiwan and Turkey.
2001
Accreditation as CB test laboratory and certification body
2010 25 national and international accreditations cooperation in >40 national and international standardization bodies 120 employees in Germany
19.10.10
copyright by SLG Prüf- und Zertifizierungs GmbH
2
notes SLG Prüf- und Zertifizierungs GmbH SLG GmbH Machinery Safety
CB test laboratory The CB scheme (IEC System for Mutual Recognition of Test Certificates) guarantees a fast and easy access to international markets. With the CB certificate and the CB test report, national test marks of other countries - which are also member of the CB scheme - can be obtained without additional tests. GS test laboratory SLG is accredited by the German accreditation body ZLS and is entitled to test and certify technical equipment and consumer products. CE test laboratory The test laboratory for appliance safety is notified in the EU (No. 0494) and thus entitled to issue CE declarations of conformity to back up the conformity declaration of the manufacturer. Fitness for Use tests and Benchmarking Consumer tests and benchmarking relating to Performance, Handling and Durability according special SLG test plans.
19.10.10
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copyright by SLG Prüf- und Zertifizierungs GmbH
3
Andreas Kekedi SLG · Rules for dangerous goods
notes SLG Prüf- und Zertifizierungs GmbH EPAC and PEDELEC Definition
... Electrically Power Assisted Cycles à Maximum continuous rated power of 250 W à Motor assistance until 25 km/h à Motor assistance available only while pedaling à Optional: Start-up assistance mode until 6 km/h à Bike registration and bike insurance not necessary à Driving license not necessary
19.10.10
copyright by SLG Prüf- und Zertifizierungs GmbH
4
notes SLG Prüf- und Zertifizierungs GmbH EPAC and PEDELEC Criteria for CE Conformity
à The EPAC is no motor vehicle like e-bikes or motor bikes à The EPAC is not a part of the directive for motor vehicles à The EPAC needs a CE sign à The EPAC needs a CE declaration of conformity
19.10.10
copyright by SLG Prüf- und Zertifizierungs GmbH
5
notes SLG Prüf- und Zertifizierungs GmbH EPAC and PEDELEC
Which directive is relevant for my product?
CE-relevant European Directives
Machinery Directive 2006/42/EG
Basic safety and health requirements
19.10.10
EMC- Directive 2004/108/EG
Trouble free operation of electronic products in electromagnetic environment
Low-Voltage Directive
Other directives
2006/95/EG
Basic safety and health requirements related to voltage and current
copyright by SLG Prüf- und Zertifizierungs GmbH
e.g. Pressure, Explosion, ...
6
91
Andreas Kekedi SLG · Rules for dangerous goods
notes SLG Prüf- und Zertifizierungs GmbH EPAC and PEDELEC
Important requirements for the CE declaration CE-relevant
à Definition of product
European Directives
à Choice of the right directives and European standards à Choice of the right procedure to get the CE compliance à Risk assessment à Conformity reports à Technical documentation à Operating manual and safety advices à Making the CE declaration of conformity à Attaching the CE label at the product à Entry into the European market allowed à Permanently monitoring of the quality during production
19.10.10
copyright by SLG Prüf- und Zertifizierungs GmbH
7
notes SLG Prüf- und Zertifizierungs GmbH EPAC and PEDELEC CE-relevant European Directives
... Pedelec / EPAC: à EMV-Directive à Machinery Directive ... Battery charger: à EMV-Directive à Low Voltage Directive
19.10.10
copyright by SLG Prüf- und Zertifizierungs GmbH
8
notes SLG Prüf- und Zertifizierungs GmbH EPAC and PEDELEC Testing according annex 1of the Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC
... Essential Health and Safety Requirements à relating to the design and to the construction à safety and reliability of control systems à starting, stopping, emergency stop à protection against mechanical hazards à protection against electrical hazards à protection against other hazards à machinery maintenance à ...
19.10.10
92
copyright by SLG Prüf- und Zertifizierungs GmbH
9
Andreas Kekedi SLG · Rules for dangerous goods
notes SLG Prüf- und Zertifizierungs GmbH EPAC and PEDELEC Mechanical safety (velotech.de)
à Mechanical serviceability testing à Mechanical Functions à Brake test à Components test for frame, fork, handlebar, saddle à Roller test stand à ...
19.10.10
copyright by SLG Prüf- und Zertifizierungs GmbH
10
notes SLG Prüf- und Zertifizierungs GmbH EPAC and PEDELEC Electric circuits Electric wirings Electric connecters
à Suitability of used electrical wirings à Suitability of used electrical connecters à Current-carrying capacity à Insulation issues à Avoidance of mix-up of polarities à Avoidance of mix-up of different systems à ...
19.10.10
copyright by SLG Prüf- und Zertifizierungs GmbH
11
notes SLG Prüf- und Zertifizierungs GmbH EPAC and PEDELEC Degree of protection against moisture and dust
à IP degree protection test à Suitability of used electrical wirings à Suitability of used electrical connecters à Suitability of used battery housing à No risks due to influence of water and dust
19.10.10
copyright by SLG Prüf- und Zertifizierungs GmbH
12
93
Andreas Kekedi SLG · Rules for dangerous goods
notes SLG Prüf- und Zertifizierungs GmbH EPAC and PEDELEC Safety of the Battery system Charger / Battery / Motor
à Test of the charger according the Low Voltage Directive à Test of the combination charger - battery à Test of the combination battery - motor à Test of normal use and single fail condition à Simulation of failures in charging circuit à Simulation of failures in discharging circuit à Simulation of short circuit failures in battery and motor à Battery behavior with defective single cells
19.10.10
copyright by SLG Prüf- und Zertifizierungs GmbH
13
notes SLG Prüf- und Zertifizierungs GmbH EPAC and PEDELEC Resistance against Heat and Fire of Thermoplastic Materials
à Test of the inflammability of thermoplastic materials à Test of the flame propagation of thermoplastic materials à Test on materials of the charger à Test on materials of the battery
19.10.10
copyright by SLG Prüf- und Zertifizierungs GmbH
14
notes SLG Prüf- und Zertifizierungs GmbH EPAC and PEDELEC Instructions
à Technical test of content à Test of layout and logical order à Evaluation of hints for use à Test of safety instructions
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94
copyright by SLG Prüf- und Zertifizierungs GmbH
15
Andreas Kekedi SLG · Rules for dangerous goods
notes SLG Prüf- und Zertifizierungs GmbH EPAC and PEDELEC Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Emissions Immunity
à High frequency emissions test à Immunity test against interferences à Immunity test against electrostatic discharge à Test of each relevant operational mode
19.10.10
copyright by SLG Prüf- und Zertifizierungs GmbH
16
notes SLG Prüf- und Zertifizierungs GmbH EPAC and PEDELEC CE Declaration
à It is a must before bringing the Pedelec into the European market. à As a distributor you are required to furnish your products with the CE mark. à With this, you declare conformance of your products with all relevant European directives.
19.10.10
copyright by SLG Prüf- und Zertifizierungs GmbH
17
notes SLG Prüf- und Zertifizierungs GmbH EPAC and PEDELEC EC Declaration of conformity
19.10.10
copyright by SLG Prüf- und Zertifizierungs GmbH
18
95
Andreas Kekedi SLG · Rules for dangerous goods
notes SLG Prüf- und Zertifizierungs GmbH EPAC and PEDELEC EC Declaration of conformity
à Description of the product (type, serial number, …) à Name and address of the certificate holder à List of all relevant directives à Statement, that all requirements of the relevant directives are fulfilled à If applicable, the relevant European standards which are used à Place, date name and sign of the responsible person
copyright by SLG Prüf- und Zertifizierungs GmbH
19.10.10
19
notes
SLG Prüf- und Zertifizierungs GmbH Burgstädter Straße 20 09232 Hartmannsdorf Tel.: Fax:
+49 3722 7323-0 +49 3722 7323-899
E-Mail: service@slg.de.com Internet: http://www.slg.de.com
19.10.10
96
Peter Gutzeit Ib-Rec Battery-recycling
Peter Gutzeit Ib-Rec 路 Battery-recycling
notes
German BattG and Battery Recycling Peter A. Gutzeit, IB-REC GmbH 1 Samstag, 25. September 2010
2
notes
3.000.000
Market Forecast Bike Batteries
2.250.000
1.500.000
750.000
2005
2007
2009
konservativ
2011
2013
0
2015
2017 optimistisch
realistisch
Source: ExtraEnergy 2009 Samstag, 25. September 2010
3
Collection rate
3
Samstag, 25. September 2010
98
notes
Peter Gutzeit Ib-Rec · Battery-recycling
notes
4
Quantity of Batteries for Recycling
Samstag, 25. September 2010
notes
5
Legal Basis in Germany Batterie Gesetz (BattG) of 25.6.2009 In effect since : 1st of December 2009 ✴ Civil penalty : from March 2010 ✴ ✴
Samstag, 25. September 2010
notes
6
Responsible Authority in Germany Umweltbundesamt (UBA) Postbox 1406 D-06813 Dessau-Roßlau Germany Phone: +49 340 2103-0 E-Mail: info@umweltbundesamt.de
Samstag, 25. September 2010
99
7
notes
Scope ✴ ✴ ✴
§ 1 (1) All kind of batteries Batteries which are supplied together with other products
Samstag, 25. September 2010
8
notes
Definitions § 2 (5) Industrial battery means Batteries designed for industrial or professional use ✴ Batteries for use in any type of electric vehicle without typical car-batteries. ✴ ✴
Samstag, 25. September 2010
9
Definitions ✴ ✴
§ 2 (15) Producer means Any person that places batteries on a professional basis for the first time on the German market.
Samstag, 25. September 2010
100
notes
notes
10
Definitions ✴ ✴
§ 2 (14) Distributor means Any person that provides batteries to an end-user on a professional basis.
Samstag, 25. September 2010
notes
11
Definitions ✴ ✴
§ 2 (13) End-User means Any person that uses the battery or product the batteries are supplied with light electric vehicles.
Samstag, 25. September 2010
notes
12
Duties of the Producer § 3 (3) obligation to register and to take back Producers must be registered at the UBA ✴ Producers are liable to an obligation to take back the batteries ✴ ✴
Samstag, 25. September 2010
101
13
notes
Duties of the Producer § 5 (1) Collection Free of charge ✴ From the distributors ✴ From public waste disposal authorities ✴ ✴
Samstag, 25. September 2010
14
notes
Duties of the Distributors § 9 (1) Duties of the distributors are To take back all batteries of the same kind at the selling point ✴ To provide the batteries for collection ✴ ✴
Samstag, 25. September 2010
15
Duties of the end-user § 11 (4) Obligation to return used industry batteries To the distributor ✴ To recycling facilities ✴ To used-battery-collectors ✴ ✴
Samstag, 25. September 2010
102
notes
notes
16
Recycling and Disposal ✴ ✴
§ 14 (1) The collected batteries must be treated with the aim of recovery contended materials.
Samstag, 25. September 2010
notes
17
Control of Success § 15 (1) Documentation to UBA up to the 30th of April of the following year ✴ Verification of the disposal ✴ ✴
Samstag, 25. September 2010
notes
18
Labelling § 17 (1) Symbol is the crossed-out bin § 17 (2) Batteries exeeding the limit values of heavy metals must be signed with the chemical symbol: Hg, Cd, Pb ✴ § 17 (6) obligation to declare the capacity ✴ ✴
Samstag, 25. September 2010
103
19
notes
Assignment of Third Parties ✴ ✴
§ 20 Groups of producers could assign third parties (e.g. the GRS, CCR-REBAT)
Samstag, 25. September 2010
20
notes
Problems To take back batteries from recycling facilities free of charge. The obligation of documentation to the UBA. ✴ The certification of the producers collecting system through experts. ✴ ✴
Samstag, 25. September 2010
21
Problems ✴ ✴
Disposal of used batteries from missing producers. Concertedly information to the end-users at the distributors
Samstag, 25. September 2010
104
notes
notes
22
Solutions 1. Concertedly information and instruction of the distributors. 2. Pooling of the producers to a common 3. Collecting an recycling organization.
Samstag, 25. September 2010
notes
23
Financing Fee per sold battery. Captured batteries will be signed with badges. ✴ These badges are paginated for control purposes. ✴ ✴
Samstag, 25. September 2010
notes
24
Processing Distribution of the badges to the producers will take place to the BattG under following terms: Certification of UNT Obligation to report the rate of recycling ✴ Proof of an adequate product liability insurance ✴ ✴
Samstag, 25. September 2010
105
25
notes
Implementation Matching the recycling system with the UBA Designing the badges ✴ Designing the leaflets for the distributors ✴ Announcing the recycling system to the producer ✴ ✴
Samstag, 25. September 2010
26
notes
Public Relations Aim: To present the Recycling-badge as indispensable for the customer. ✴ How to: Together with the recycling company and all NGOs which want to take part. ✴ Side effect: To advertise Pedelecs ✴
Samstag, 25. September 2010
27
Contact: ib-rec GmbH / Peter A. Gutzeit Tel.: 04151 - 89 98 70 Mobil : 0171-866 21 55 E-Mail: p.gutzeit@ib-rec.de
Samstag, 25. September 2010
106
notes
notes
Thank‘s a lot for your kindly attention and have a nice day!
Samstag, 25. September 2010
107
Dr. Mo-Hua Yang Hi – Tech Infrastructure
Dr. Mo-Hua Yang Hi – Tech · Infrastructure
notes
Key for LEV Market - Infrastructure
Presented by Dr. Mo-Hua Yang President, TD HiTech Energy Inc., Taiwan October 4, 2010 Light Electric Vehicle Conference 2010, Cologne, Germany 1
notes
Contents LEV System Infrastructure for energy supply Battery design consideration Fast / Quick Charging for Batteries Battery Swap System Solution for Public Networks-EnergyBus
2
notes
LEV System
Electric motor & Controller
Battery & Battery system Power
Communication Power
Charger
110
Communication
3
Dr. Mo-Hua Yang Hi – Tech ¡ Infrastructure
notes
Energy Management System Energy Management System Demand side
Supply side Power distribution
Energy Storage System
EnergyBus
Motor Propulsion System Motor System
Battery System
Efficiency in transport operations is as important as battery and motor choice • More energy consumption cost your money • High efficiency system is route to profit
notes
4
Key Successes Factors For LEV Market   Interface standardization: Energy Bus www.energybus.org
  Safety and Performance test and verification www.batterytest.org
  Energy supply service system
-Battery exchange system (SWAP) -Charging Station 5
notes
Infrastructure for Long team Sucess • Charging station • battery-swapping stations • Rental systems • Leasing systems • LEV parking lots with charging option • Vehicle to grid solutions
energy recharged
6
111
Dr. Mo-Hua Yang Hi – Tech ¡ Infrastructure
Energy supply service system for LEV
•  •  # •  "& &+ •  # •  (
notes
Charging station Charging station
• # "& •  "&# • # "& •  • % "&#& * &+ • ## • # "& •  (
Charging at home
•  • %# •  # •  "& * &+ •  % # •  # •  (
HOME
Battery swap
7
notes
Design Consideration for Battery System What does a system designer need to know about his battery system?
Discharge Ability
•  How much energy is available in the storage ? •  With what power can I draw this energy from the storage ? •  May I still perform a certain (critical) function relying on the storage ? •  How long can I still continue drawing a certain power ?
power & energy output
Energy Storage System
Recharge Ability
•  How much energy can I still store into the storage ? •  How fast (with what power or current) can I store energy into the storage ? •  What will be my energy losses under different charging conditions ?
power & energy Input
When charge and discharge, Whats influence to ESS
safety, life, reliability 8
notes
Battery Energy Supply-Recharge Three key functions for Charger/Charging station   Getting the charge into the battery (Charging)   Optimizing the charging rate (Stabilizing)   Knowing when to stop (Terminating)
9
112
Dr. Mo-Hua Yang Hi – Tech · Infrastructure
notes
Fast / Quick Charging
24V/10Ah (240Wh) battery system
Charging rate
Charging power
Charging time
0.2C (2A)
50W
5h
0.5C (5A)
125W
2h
1.0C (10A)
250W
1h
2.0C (20A)
500W
0.5 h (30min)
3.0C (30A)
750W
0.3 h (20min)
6.0C (60A)
1500W
0.17h (10min)
Increases charging rate (increase charging current)
Causing the dangers of overcharging or overheating the battery 10
notes
Battery Charger Design Consideration Battery charger design consideration
For preventing overcharge
Different cell Chemistry
Voltage Cut off For preventing over temperature
Different characteristic of charging curve
Temperature Cut off
Different end of charge voltage for different cell chemistry LiCoO2: 4.2V LiFePO4: 3.7V
notes
11
Fast / Quick Charging Fast charging and quick charging require more complex chargers For normal charger/charging station design: chargers must be designed for specific cell chemistries
For universal charger/charging station design (able to charge all battery types) : chargers must have sensing devices to identify the cell type and apply the appropriate charging profile (algorism)
12
113
Dr. Mo-Hua Yang Hi – Tech · Infrastructure
notes
Charging Voltage vs. Cycle Life Overcharge Effect
Safety issue and short Cycle Life
* From ABCMT04, Motorola.
13
notes
Charge/Discharge Temperature vs. Cycle Life
14
notes
Battery Swap (Exchange) System • Battery remove out and in (connector) • Battery health situation • Battery charging • Bill charge
15
114
Dr. Mo-Hua Yang Hi – Tech · Infrastructure
notes
Issues for Battery Swap-Connectors • Security • Reliability & safety • Information & communication power
signal
16
notes
Solution for Public Networks
Discharge Ability power & energy output
Recharge Ability power & energy Input
www.energybus.org 17
notes
Functions of EnergyBus Hardware interface Bank cardmagnetic stripe
EnergyBusCAN interface
Energy transmission Bank cardMoney release
EnergyBusEnergy transmission
www.energybus.org
Software interface Bank cardNegotiation
EnergyBusNegotiation
Service data Bank cardBank statement
EnergyBusData exchange
18
115
Dr. Mo-Hua Yang Hi – Tech · Infrastructure
Energy Bus Connectors
magnetic charge connector
in line connector communication and 30 A power
notes www.energybus.org
in line connector communication only
19
Energy Bus Communication
notes www.energybus.org
CANopen application layer
http://www.can-cia.org/
20
E-Scooter Promotion in Taiwan
notes
The highest scooterdensity worldwide 12 million scooter for 23 million people Government Support Subsidiary program New environmental regulations for 50cc (no more 2 stroke engines) Promoting target
• Duration2009/07~2012/12 • Subsidy (USD 235-320/scooter) • Promoting target – 160,000 in four years • 200920000 • 201035000 • 201145000 • 201260000 21
116
Dr. Mo-Hua Yang Hi – Tech ¡ Infrastructure
notes
Standard Pack with Standard Protocol
% "& )%% $ *&#+ ##% #
& # # # "&
22
notes
Battery Exchange Developing in Taiwan
23
notes
Battery Exchange Developing in Taiwan
http://www.citypower.com.tw/index.html 24
117
Dr. Mo-Hua Yang Hi – Tech · Infrastructure
notes Safety
Energy system solution
Reliability Efficiency Intelligent
Thank you for kind attention!!
25
notes
notes
118
Marcel Knodel  RIVA Management Consultants Product Development – Maturity Level Assurance for Innovative Products
Marcel Knodel RIVA Management Consultants Product Development Maturity Level Assurance for Innovative Products
notes
Product Development: Maturity Level Assurance for Innovative Products
Light Electric Vehicle Conference 2010, Cologne, Germany
We deliver. Results.
notes
RIVA MANAGEMENT CONSULTANTS
Riva in Brief
Riva Management Consultants were found in 2008 by four former industry managers and management consultants.
We are management consultants with a performance-based approach. We develop strategies, optimize processes and structures, and support implementation.
Our consultants are experienced industry managers and experts from product development, production, purchasing, quality, logistics, sales and service.
With a team of 25 consultants and experts we are capable of providing our clients solutions from one source.
Page 2
October 4th, 2010
© Riva Management Consultants
notes
RIVA MANAGEMENT CONSULTANTS
Targeting the Value Chain We are focussed on value adding core processes, structures and competencies
SCOPE Purchasing Product/ MarketStrategy
Product Management Innovation Management
Logistics
Product Development
Marketing & Sales
Service Quality
Production
PROCESSES + STRUCTURES+ COMPETENCIES Page 3
120
October 4th, 2010
© Riva Management Consultants
Marcel Knodel RIVA Management Consultants Product Development Maturity Level Assurance for Innovative Products
notes
Product Development: Maturity Level Assurance for Innovative Products
"Outside View" on Products and Market Participants LEV industry and products are still facing a technological and structural change Product
Market participants
Electrification based on existing bike concepts
products composed of existing components
LEVs are much fun to drive, but many ebikes/pedelecs have no „harmonic“ appearance , e.g. batteries not really integrated in bike design
many isolated solutions and products, opportunities for system integration
Very heterogeneous, fragmented market participants
big players vs. many new, innovative companies – start-ups, small-business,
some companies will grow very fast; companies with limited abilities will disappear
need for mergers and cooperations
impressive innovations and new products, but some products still look like prototypes
Many companies are product- and innovationdriven – doubts about management competencies, e.g.
quality issues?
product development processes
industrializiation
customer/supplier management
project management
quality management
High prices for end-customers
Page 4
notes
October 4th, 2010
© Riva Management Consultants
Product Development: Maturity Level Assurance for Innovative Products
Challenges The LEV industry is facing some major technological and organizational challenges
New technologies
motors
electronics
batteries
software
New suppliers
New and increased process requirements
due to new technologies
due to new market participants, e.g. automotive or electronic companies
Significanrtly increased technological and organizational complexity in the product development process
Page 5
notes
October 4th, 2010
© Riva Management Consultants
Product Development: Maturity Level Assurance for Innovative Products
Target Achievement in Product Development Projects Target achievement (time, production volume, costs, quality) is a main challenge even in well-established industries Target achievement in product development projects 1
Top reasons for failure1
Target: 100% 90% 80%
77%
60%
83%
80% 64%
80% 64%
67%
75%76%
7%
80%
10%
60%60% 52%
53% 30%
SOP date reached
Automotive
production volume reached as planned
target costs achieved
Electrical industry
Aviation
quality target achieved
Engineering industry
poor coordination during product development missing / late components prototype delays concept changes
1: Source, F. Denzler, TCW Wildemann (2007), survey in 38 companies SOP: Start of Production
Page 6
October 4th, 2010
© Riva Management Consultants
121
Marcel Knodel RIVA Management Consultants Product Development Maturity Level Assurance for Innovative Products
notes
Product Development: Maturity Level Assurance for Innovative Products
Best Practice in Product Development Based on our experience, we advise to incorporate best practice approaches and processes in order to avoid expensive mistakes and shortcomings Project and product costs
Failure costs
Optimized planning approach Planning Effort
80 %
100.000
Failure costs increase exponentially over time
80 % of project and product costs are detemined in first 5-10% of duration
0,01
optimized approach
100 1
0,1
duration
duration
5-10%
„classic“ approach
duration
Well aligned Product Development Process (Simultaneous Engineering) Frontloading + cross-functional Project Management Industrialization
Best Practice
Quality Management Supplier Management Page 7
October 4th, 2010
© Riva Management Consultants
notes
Product Development: Maturity Level Assurance for Innovative Products
Maturity Level Assurance for Innovative Products A well aligned product development process with defined quality gates assures the maturity of innovative products Innovation phase
SOP
Gate
Gate
Gate
Gate
Innovation Approval for Serial Development
Requirements Management
Definition of Lead Suppliers
Approval of Technical Specification
• Requirements
• Binding supplier
• Product and
process innovation
• Innovation
assessment
• Risk
management
• Lessons learned
• Specifications • Business Case • Project
organization
• Protection of IP/
innovations
• Risk
feasibility study
• Contracting • Production
feasibility study
• Risk
• Approval of
technical specification
• Quality planning • Planning of long
lead-parts
management
Gate
Gate
Order Approval for Process and Production Product Approval Equipment • Approval of
production process and tool concepts
• Supply Planning • Awarding of
• Product
validation
• Process
validation
• Supplier
validation
serial production Gate
Requalifikation and Transfer to Serial Production • Confirmation of
robust processes
• Closing of all
open issues
• Lessons learned
contracts
• Quality planning
management
• Configuration/
engineering change management
SOP: Start of Production IP: Intellectual Property
Page 8
October 4th, 2010
© Riva Management Consultants
notes
Product Development: Maturity Level Assurance for Innovative Products
Innovation: A Long Way to Success
«Invention is 1% of inspiration and 99% of transpiration.» Thomas Edison (1847 - 1931)
Page 9
122
October 4th, 2010
© Riva Management Consultants
Tetsuji Ueta  Sanyo Electric Pedelec drive train
Tetsuji Ueta Sanyo Electric ¡ Pedelec drive train
notes
New Pedelec Driving System for flexible bicycle designand long driving range October 5, 2010 Tetsuji Ueta*, Kenji Taguchi, Naoki Chiba, Katsumi Inui and Hideaki Aoki
Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. CopyrightŠ SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved 2010
Not only Rechargeable Batteries
notes
Global Share
Li-ion Li-polymer batteries
•  Production history:
Over 46 years
•  Production capacity:
Global No. 1
25%
CopyrightŠ SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved 2010
But also a New Driving System
notes
LCD Display Li-ion Battery
Controller
Crank Torque Sensor
124
Hub Motor
CopyrightŠ SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved 2010
Tetsuji Ueta Sanyo Electric · Pedelec drive train
notes
Sanyo’s e-bike History 1970
Sanyo’s first e-bike prototype Osaka World Expo
1993
Sanyo’s first e-bike product
1995
Sanyo’s pedelec driving units
1996Sanyo’s first pedelec 2003Industry's first Front Motor pedelec with Regeneration
notes
Copyright© SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved 2010
Global Market Estimates 830K units in 2010 global market
Holland 190K units
Europe 430K units
China 23M units (e-Bike)
Germany France 145K units 24K units
North America 20K units (e-Bike)
Japan 400K units
SourceSanyo’s internal marketing
Growing Market in Japan - 1 360K units/year in Japan 2009 17.8% CAGR (Revenue) from 2005 to 2009 25
400 350
Ni-MH
20
300
Revenue [M yen]
Shipment [K units]
notes
Copyright© SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved 2010
250 200 150 100
Li-ion
15 10 5
50
0
0 2005
2006
2007 Year
2008
2005
2009
2006
2007
2008
2009
Year
SourceJapan Bicycle Promotion Institute
Copyright© SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved 2010
125
Tetsuji Ueta Sanyo Electric · Pedelec drive train
notes
Growing Market in Japan - 2 4% ratio (pedelecs/all bicycles) 2009 9.2M bicycle units 2009 4.5
Pedelec Rate [%]
4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
Year SourceJapan Bicycle Promotion Institute
Copyright© SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved 2010
notes
Market Needs • Product Variation • Reliability • Long Driving Range • Acceleration at Start of Pedaling • Hill-climbing Performance
Copyright© SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved 2010
notes
Needs - Product Variation Stylish
Folding small-wheeled
High-class sports
For leisure For loading in a car For in-town use
Image
Commuting Business
Normal
For business use Drawn cart For carrying loads
Housewife Senior Citizen
Basic Low
Cost
126
High Copyright© SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved 2010
Tetsuji Ueta Sanyo Electric · Pedelec drive train
notes
Needs - Reliability Reliable battery • High Quality • Longer Life Cycle • Safety
notes
Copyright© SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved 2010
Needs - Long Driving Range
Driving range
Approx. 40 km
Approx. 25 km
2005
2010
Year
notes
Copyright© SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved 2010
Sanyo’s Pedelec System
Dual wheel Drive Rear wheel
Human power
Front wheel
Chain Pedaling
Assisted power
Regenerative power
Torque (Speed) sensor Battery
Controller
Motor/Generator Copyright© SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved 2010
127
Tetsuji Ueta Sanyo Electric · Pedelec drive train
notes
Features for Needs Flexible Design
• Fits Standard Fork Thin Hub Motor • Fits Standard Frame Crank Torque Sensor • Battery Placement (below carrier rack/saddle)
Reliability
• Reliable Battery Cells/Pack
Long Driving Range
• Regenerative Charging
Copyright© SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved 2010
notes
Thin Hub Motor Features 1) Fits Standard Fork 2) High Efficiency 3) Free Wheel/Regeneration
Copyright© SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved 2010
notes
1. Fits Standard Fork 30% Thinner
Motor area
139 mm
Electromagnetic Analysis 0.03
Cogging Torque [Nm]
0.02 0.01 0 0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
-0.01
100 mm (previous motor: 134 mm) Fits a Standard Fork
-0.02 -0.03 Rotation Angle g [degree] [ g ]
Previous Motor New Motor
Reduced cogging torque Smooth rotation
Gear and Clutch/no Clutch Can select either Free Wheel or Regenerative Charging
128
Copyright© SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved 2010
Tetsuji Ueta Sanyo Electric · Pedelec drive train
2. High Efficiency (System) System Efficiency [%]
notes
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 100
High Coil Density ide de e Cores with Divided
Previous Motor New Motor
120
140
160
180
+
Vector Control Design 200
Velocity [rpm ]
220
Higher Efficiency (incl. Motor + Gear + Circuit) 74% 80%
notes
Copyright© SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved 2010
3. Free wheel or Regeneration Free wheel on Flat Road
Regeneration on Downhill
Selectable Regenerative Brake
notes
Copyright© SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved 2010
Features for Needs Flexible Design
• Fits Standard Fork Thin Hub Motor • Fits Standard Frame Crank Torque Sensor • Battery Placement (below carrier rack/saddle)
Reliability
• Reliable Battery Cells/Pack
Long Driving Range
• Regenerative Charging
Copyright© SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved 2010
129
Tetsuji Ueta Sanyo Electric · Pedelec drive train
notes
Crank Torque Sensor • Fits Standard Bottom Bracket • No Special Frame • Quick Response (vs. Speed Sensor)
Crank Torque Sensor
Copyright© SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved 2010
notes
Features for Needs Flexible Design
• Fits Standard Fork Thin Hub Motor • Fits Standard Frame Crank Torque Sensor • Battery Placement (below carrier rack/saddle)
Reliability
• Reliable Battery Cells/Pack
Long Driving Range
• Regenerative Charging
Copyright© SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved 2010
notes
Battery Placement • Vertical • Horizontal • or as you like
36V/7.6 Ah compact Li-ion Battery
130
Copyright© SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved 2010
Tetsuji Ueta Sanyo Electric · Pedelec drive train
notes
Features for Needs Flexible Design
• Fits Standard Fork Thin Hub Motor • Fits Standard Frame Crank Torque Sensor • Battery Placement (below carrier rack/saddle)
Reliability
• Reliable Battery Cells/Pack
Long Driving Range
• Regenerative Charging
notes
Copyright© SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved 2010
Reliable Battery Cells/Pack • Long History: Over 46 years • Production Capacity: Global No. 1 • High Quality in Many Products • Safety - Communicates with charger - Protective circuitry
Product Variety
Pedelec P
Personal Computer
notes
Electric Vehicle
Copyright© SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved 2010
Features for Needs Flexible Design
• Fits Standard Fork Thin Hub Motor • Fits Standard Frame Crank Torque Sensor • Battery Placement (below carrier rack/saddle)
Reliability
• Reliable Battery Cells/Pack
Long Driving Range
• Regenerative Charging
Copyright© SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved 2010
131
Tetsuji Ueta Sanyo Electric · Pedelec drive train
notes
Motor Controller
• Vector Control High Efficiency Low Noise Long Driving Range • Regenerative Charging - Brake Switch - 2 modes (Eco, Automatic)
Motor Controller
Copyright© SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved 2010
notes
What is Vector Control? Current Element for Torque: q-axis
U-Phase
V-Phase
Current Element for Non-Torque: d-axis
W-Phase
Stationary coodinate system ystem
Rotary y ccoodinate system
Advantages High Efficiency Low Noise Long Driving Range
Copyright© SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved 2010
notes
What is Regeneration? Battery
Motor Drive
Drive for Motor
Generator Regeneration
Regenera te for Gene rator Regene rative Bra ke
132
Copyright© SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved 2010
Tetsuji Ueta Sanyo Electric · Pedelec drive train
notes
Regeneration
- FET Drive Pattern on Regeneration W Phase V Phase U Phase
Battery
V+
FET Upper-side Pattern ((PWM)) PWM: Pulse Width Modulation
W Phase
V Phase
W+
U+
W+
V+
Advantages High-efficiency Regeneration Regeneration at low speed (over 8 km/h)
notes
W
V Hall IC
U Phase
Back Electromotive Force Wave
U
Store Energy
Release + Energy for Battery
Copyright© py g SANYO Electric Co.,, Ltd. All Rights g Reserved 2010
Regenerative Charging - Switch at brake lever
Brake lever
Gripping
Advantages Controllable by rider Reduces charging times Longer driving range (Approx. +50%)
Regen. Only
Full
Regen. + Mechanical
notes
Brake
Light
Copyright© SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved 2010
Regenerative Charging - Eco mode
• Charging on Flat road Long Range Drive (w/o rider’s awareness)
Heavy
Uphill
Start
Auto change
Power assist
Pedaling load
Flat road High-speed drive
Flat road
Downhill
Light Auto change
Charging drive
Copyright© SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved 2010
133
Tetsuji Ueta Sanyo Electric · Pedelec drive train
notes
Regenerative Charging - Automatic mode
• Assist ratio Intelligent Road-type Recognition
Start Powerful Assist Ratio 1:1
Flat road Low Assist ratio 1:less-than-1
Uphill Powerful/ Most powerful Automatic control Assist ratio 1:1 – 1:2
Downhill Automatic Charging according to hill grade
Copyright© SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved 2010
notes
Conclusion new pedelec driving system Flexible Design
• Fits Standard Fork Thin Hub Motor (100 mm width, with/without clutch) • Fits Standard Frame Crank Torque Sensor • Battery Placement (below carrier rack/saddle)
Reliability
• Reliable Battery Cells/Pack
Long Driving Range
• Regenerative Charging
Copyright© SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved 2010
notes
Coming in spring 2011!
134
Copyright© SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved 2010
Tetsuji Ueta Sanyo Electric · Pedelec drive train
notes
One more thing
notes
E-scooter System
notes
Copyright© SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved 2010
Copyright© SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved 2010
Components Li-ion Battery
Battery Charger
In Wheel Motor
Controller
Copyright© SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved 2010
135
Tetsuji Ueta Sanyo Electric 路 Pedelec drive train
notes
Thank You
136
Copyright漏 SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved 2010
Dr. Mo-Hua Yang  HT Energy Technical overview
Dr. Mo-Hua Yang HT Energy · Technical overview
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Dr. Steffen Wieland Enymotion Fuel cell – the battery – boost
Dr. Steffen Wieland Enymotion · Fuel cell – the battery – boost
notes
Energy in Motion
Fuel cells –The battery boost Dr. Steffen Wieland (MBA)
notes
Functional principal of electrochemical systems Chemical Energy Storage converter EE CE
Electrical Energy
converter CE EE
Electrical Energy
CE Charging Power Electrolyser
Energy Tank
Discharging Power Fuel Cell
Chargeable Battery / Secondary battery
Water + Air
Hydrogen
Battery = energy storage Fuel Cell = energy converter
Catalyst Electrolyt (PEM) Bipolarplate Oxigen (Air)
cooling water
Disposition of Fuel Cells as an energy converter Power
Fuel Cells
Discharge time in hours
150
2
notes
Dr. Steffen Wieland Enymotion ¡ Fuel cell – the battery – boost
notes
Comparision Fuel cell - Battery
Fuel cells
500
energy density in Wh/l
400
Li-Ionen
300
NiMH
200
NiCd
100 DLC
Redoxflow
Lead-acid
0 0
50
100
150
200
specific energy in Wh/kg 4
notes
Specific Power of Fuel Cell Systems '*&& "0.& #
'(&&
'&&& .&&
"+& #
HydroGEN4
"+& # F-CELL
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NECAR 2 NECAR 1
NECAR 4
(+
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5
notes
Fuels for driving the future in Fuel Cells
Liquid petroleum gas (LPG) �  Everywhere available, fossil fuel, reformer process required Methanol �  Restricted logistic fuel, toxic, produced in high quantities (mainly fossil sources) Ethanol �  CO2-free, renewable, logistic fuel E85, produced in high quantities, reformer process required Hydrogen �  renewable, cartridge logistics not solved, storage problematic, compact FC design possible
151
Dr. Steffen Wieland Enymotion ¡ Fuel cell – the battery – boost
notes
Fuel Cell/Battery combination for LEV
controller
Fuel Cell
Motor
Battery
7
notes
Specific weight for LEV FCS
Weight in kg
Fuel Cell + LiIon Battery
LiIon Battery
Continous power in W
Continous power in W
8
notes
Costs for LEV FC
Weight in kg
Fuel Cell + LiIon Battery
LiIon Battery
Continous power in W
Continous power in W
152
9
Dr. Steffen Wieland Enymotion · Fuel cell – the battery – boost
notes
Open key issues for market introduction Overall concept SCM
Infrastructure
Cost Development Customer Perspective
Production
Storage system
Capable supplier base
Technology
Operation Services
Safety Business model
Producability
… working hard on it will solve them.
notes
Examples of LEV Fuel Cell systems
Source: Masterflex
Source: Clean Mobile
Source: Joerg Weigl/Arno Evers Source: Iwatani Corporation
11
notes
„enyware“ activities
� Actual Power: 100W, 200-300W, 500W � Actual fuel: LPG and Bio-ethanol � Subsidized project: coupling of Li-Ion accumulators with fuel cell systems � Preparing e-mobility partnership with manufactures � Patent pending (18 patents)
153
Dr. Steffen Wieland Enymotion · Fuel cell – the battery – boost
notes
Energy in Motion
Basic data for calculation
Li-Ion-Battery � Cost: 1200 €/kWh � Weight:
8.3 kg/kWh
Fuel Cell (50W hydrogen) � Cost: 800 € � Weight:
� Volume:
154
1200 g 1.1 l (without H2-cartrigde)
notes
Hannes Neupert ExtraEnergy Standardization
Hannes Neupert ExtraEnergy · Standardization
notes
Considerations For Standardized Performance Measurements based on 18 Years Pedelec Test experience
Dipl.-Phys. Frieder Herb, ExtraEnergy Test Methodologie Sport-Ing. Andreas Törpsch, ExtraEnergy Test Manager Designer Hannes Neupert,President ExtraEnergy e.V. Treasurer EnergyBus e.V., Industrial Designer, independent consultant
notes
Content: - Why Does ExtraEnergy Started Testing? - The ExtraEnergy Test Principles - The Test Methode Explained Quickly - Proposal To The Industry For Standardization
notes
Why Does ExtraEnergy Started Testing Pedelecs And E-Bikes? Because the data published by the vehicle manufacturers are sometime quite optimistic, and pushed by marketing needs as well always measured at different conditions. The test has been evolved out of a market overfew back in 1992 published at a local magazine calles „EcoRegio“.
156
Hannes Neupert ExtraEnergy 路 Standardization
notes
Examples of quite optimistic manufacturer data: All advertised data is within the possible range, but only at quite optimum conditions - such advertised data is often missleading the customers expectations. Disappointed customers are preprogrammed in such cases!
notes
The ExtraEnergy Test Principles: A) The Test of a muscle electric hybrid has to reflect the total performance including the human influence like the ergonomic riding position of the rider B) It has to be repeatable C) It has to be comparable
notes
The Test Methode Explained Quickly No Test Bench the laboratory is the street where real people ride on real bikes in a real world - but everything is recordet and multiple persons repeat the procedure to generate statistic confidence.
157
Hannes Neupert ExtraEnergy 路 Standardization
notes
The Test Track established and used by ExtraEnergy:
notes Heigh (m)
1)
2)
3)
4) 5)
6)
3)
4) 5)
6)
Distance (km) Gradient %
1)
2) Distance (km)
notes
The Task: The current test Methode by ExtraEnergy is highly precise and reliable but time consuming and expensive! How could it be transformed to a bench test which could be easy to do as a routine quickly and Inexpensive?
158
Hannes Neupert ExtraEnergy 路 Standardization
notes
Our Proposal: Take the real world track and transform it to bits and bites that it can be repeated anywhere in the world by and company ore any laboratory which has a test bench capable to do so! But keep the corelation to the test track where lots of reference data exists and which can be used to calibrate and improve the test bench methode.
notes
The 3 Key Parameters: - heigh profile - pedal frequency - muscle power
notes
Examples Of Existing Testbenches: - ID Bike Netherlands - University Wolfsburg - Velotech.de - Most chinese EB Factories have such systems -...
159
Hannes Neupert ExtraEnergy 路 Standardization
notes
ID Bike Netherlands
notes
University Wolfsburg
notes
Velotech.de Germany
160
Hannes Neupert ExtraEnergy 路 Standardization
notes
notes
notes
Next steps: - within 2010 Publication of the virtual human Data by ExtraEnergy - March 2011 Taipei exchange of Experiences by different test labs with the implementation
161
Stephan Scheuer TÜV Rheinland Batso
Stephan Scheuer TĂœV Rheinland ¡ Batso
notes
BATSO - TĂœV Rheinland Battery Testing Stephan Scheuer Head of Department Quality TĂœV Rheinland LGA Products
Safety for tomorrow‘s mobility