Basic Electronic Components Used in Circuits

Basic Electronic Components Used in Circuits When building electronic circuits, you will work with numerous basic electrical and electronic components, including integrated circuits, transistors, diodes and resistors. Some of the electrical components and their functions are discussed in this article, which will help you to select the appropriate components while designing an electrical circuit.

Resistors Resistors are an essential part of a circuit. These cheap electronic componentsrestrict the flow of current in a circuit.

It can be used to provide a specific voltage to a semiconductor. You can purchase high quality electronic components from Yazaki wholesalers that are made as per international standards.

How resistors work?

Electrical current flowing through a resistor is directly proportional to the voltage across the resistor terminals. Once the electrical current flows through the resistor, the resistors absorb the voltage and degenerate it into heat.

Capacitors It is a two terminal linear passive component, which is precisely designed from two conductive plates with an insulator between them. Approach Yazaki distributors to get all sorts of electronic circuit components.

How capacitors work?

Capacitors maintain the electrical charge even when disconnected from the power supply. It is employed with a resister in a timing circuit and used as a filter to permit the alternative current signals. One of the main functions of any capacitor is to store voltage once electrical charge is forced onto its terminals from a power supply Diodes It is used to make the current flow only in one direction. A diode has two terminals, called anode and the cathode.

How diode works?

Electrical current will flow through the diode only when negative voltage is applied to the cathode and positive voltage to the cathode. Current will not flow in the circuit, if these voltages are reversed.

Light Emitting Diodes (LED) Light emitting diode (LED) is a special type of diode that emits light when electrical current is passed through it. The primary component in optoelectronics is the LEDs. How LED works?

It is a diode with PN junction of crystal material, which produces luminescence around the junction when forward bias electrical current is applied.

Transistors It is a three-terminal device, fabricated from semiconductor material that controls the flow of voltage or current and acts as switch for electrical signals.

How transistors work?

The transistors are available two varieties - NPN and PNP. It has three terminals, which are base (B), emitter (E) and Collector(C). In this arrangement, the base terminal is responsible for activating the transistor, collector terminal is the positive lead and emitter terminal is the negative lead.

Integrated Circuit (IC) It is a special component that contains an entire electronic circuit with diodes, transistors and other cheap electronic components.

How ICs work?

It will operate as a microprocessor, timer, microchip and amplifier. Linear ICs or analog integrated circuits have continuously variable output signals that depend on the level of current or voltage signal. Linear ICs are basically used as audio frequency and radio frequency amplifiers.

Microcontroller It is considered a small computer on a single Integrated Circuit(IC) that precisely assembles all the options that are found within the microprocessor.

Where microcontrollers are used?

It is used in several automatic controlled electrical devices such as remote controls, different embedded systems, workplace machine, power tools and electrical toys.

Relays Relays are switches that are used for the purpose of controlling the electrical circuits by employing a lower power signal.

Where relays are used?

It comprises of a coil, magnet, a series of electrical contacts and a spring. Relays are used to perform logical operations in telephone exchanges and computers.