Harpur Perspective 2019

Binghamton

HARPUR COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES

Perspective U N I V E R S I T Y

M AG A Z I N E

H A R P U R

FALL 2019

DISCOVERING THE PAST

WITH THE PUBLIC ARCHAEOLOGY FACILITY

Student finds Lincoln autopsy report in D.C.

Professors’ new books explore history

Harpur to celebrate 70th anniversary

| FROM THE DEAN |

HARPUR COLLEGE TURNS 70!

Elizabeth S. Chilton, Harpur College dean HARPUR PERSPECTIVE

COAST-TO-COAST CELEBRATIONS Harpur College is planning a yearlong series of events to celebrate its 70th birthday. The kickoff is scheduled for Sept. 22, 2019, during Homecoming Weekend. Alumni, faculty, students, staff and community members are invited to join Dean Elizabeth Chilton for a “Mrs. Bartle’s Tea” at Colonial Hall at the Endicott Visitors Center. The celebrations will continue throughout 2019–20 and end at Homecoming 2020. Harpur College events will take place in New York City in October, January, May and June; Los Angeles and San Francisco in February; Washington, D.C., in April; and Long Island, Northern New Jersey and Westchester County next spring and summer.

JONATHAN COHEN

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n the fall of 1950, Triple Cities College, which had been running as a satellite campus of Syracuse University for four years, became Harpur College — one of only two liberal arts colleges in the burgeoning State University of New York system at that time. The mission of Harpur College from the start was to give students a strong and broad background in the humanities and fine arts, and the social and natural sciences — but also to educate the nation’s future leaders and citizens. These goals are no less important today.

Now the intellectual heart of a large researchintensive university, Harpur College prepares undergraduate students for whatever life has to offer them. We train future professionals, scholars and educators in our graduate programs, and we support the phenomenal teaching, research and creative activities of our stellar faculty. Our motto, “From Breadth through Depth to Perspective,” was developed by faculty members Bernard Huppé and Robert Rafuse in 1954. That motto still captures the role of the liberal arts for our students and for society in the 21st century.

Over the next 12 months we will celebrate our 70th year as a college. I am looking forward to hosting many alumni events around the country — see the schedule at right for more details and follow us on Facebook and Twitter. I hope to see you at one or more of our birthday events! Meanwhile, please enjoy this issue of Harpur Perspective, where we highlight our faculty and students and their many activities and accomplishments.

Perspective H A R P U R

FALL 2019 | VOLUME 8

HARPUR COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES DEAN

Elizabeth Chilton DIRECTOR OF CONSTITUENT RELATIONS

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Leah Joggerst ’02 CREATIVE MEDIA COORDINATOR

Evan Henderson ’09 HARPUR PERSPECTIVE EDITOR

Eric Coker ART DIRECTOR

Burt Myers PHOTOGRAPHER

Jonathan Cohen STUDENT EDITORS

Julia Carmel ’19 Erica Prush ’19 Sydney Velapoldi ’19 ASSOCIATE VICE PRESIDENT OF COMMUNICATIONS AND MARKETING

Greg Delviscio DIRECTOR OF CREATIVE SERVICES

Gerald Hovancik Jr. COPY EDITORS

Diana Bean ’81 Rachel Coker Katie Ellis Lori Fuller

Contents 2 Artifact analysis

18 On the bookshelf

6 National treasures

22 A new look

10 One last curtain call

24 Alumni spotlight

Public Archaeology Facility’s mission is community outreach.

On the cover: Angelina Hammond, a high-school student who has participated in the Community Archaeology Program for several years, at a site in Whitney Point, N.Y.

JONATHAN COHEN

MARC NEWTON

Biology student finds key historical documents in Washington, D.C.

Music professor/conductor Timothy Perry leaves on a high note.

History professors take part in Q&A session about their latest works.

Art Department helps capture beauty, mission of psychology research.

Peter Markowitz ’88 makes impact with students in theater and the arts.

14 Neuristor technology

Physics, materials science faculty collaborate on federally funded project. binghamton.edu/harpur

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Reaching new depths

By Julia Carmel ’19

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W

alk into the basement of Science 1 and you’ll find an organized lab filled with light blue boxes and pieces of history. The staff is there every day, rinsing rocks, labeling bits of pottery and sorting through sherds of glass to organize a collection of more than 2,000 artifacts.

“At the most basic level we do archaeology here,” says Nina Versaggi, MA ’76, PhD ’87, about the Public Archaeology Facility (PAF). “We do analysis of artifacts. But behind all of that, this is a multi­ million dollar facility with 25 staff members.”

PAF, established in 1972, links communities to their historical roots.

“We have a mission to do community outreach, to share with members of the public, sometimes whose backyards we’re digging in,” says Versaggi, who recently retired after directing the center for more than 30 years. She was succeeded in June

by Laurie Miroff.

PAF gets the majority of its funding by bidding on cultural resource management projects through state and federal agencies. PAF research expenditures for the past decade have topped $23.6 million.

JONATHAN COHEN

The Public Archaeology Facility has been part of the community for more than 45 years

“It’s difficult to get federal grants, so we fund ourselves through cultural resource management [CRM],” Versaggi explains. “CRM is a specialized branch of archaeology; it takes the approach of working within environmental impact and historic preservation.”

When developers want to begin a new project, they must bring in an archaeological team to check the building site. That’s where PAF comes in, bidding on the work contracts that are within its expertise; if it wins the bid it gets to work on the site through multiphase projects.

“We’ll do archaeology within the outline of

where [developers] are going to build their project — it could be a road project, a building, a pipeline, sewers, any projects that require a state or federal permit,” Versaggi says. “We’ll go out and do the first phase of work, which asks the question, ‘Is there a site of significance here or not?’ If the answer is ‘There’s nothing here,’ then we move on, but if we find something, we have to see if it’s significant enough to make it a National Register site.”

Through investigating these sites, the PAF team can find artifacts and information that lend insight into the history of an area.

The Public Archaeology Facility offers Community Archaeology Programs for people of all ages. Above: Members work at a site in Whitney Point, N.Y., in July.

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We’ve been digging up the city of Binghamton, one block at a time.”

—Versaggi

“It’s very satisfying when we can go from our first phase to our final phase and collect significant information that we can research and share without stopping the project from going forward,” Versaggi says. “It’s a balancing act; we want to find sites, but we need to be able to help our clients move forward.”

There isn’t always a simple solution, but the PAF team aims to offer solutions that work for both the site and the developer.

“We don’t bend on the ethics of our profession, but we find ways where clients can create green spaces to protect areas or create an ordinance waiver to cut down on parking lots,” Versaggi says.

PAF has done research across the nation, and each project furthers the skills and the funding for Harpur College’s archaeology initiatives. Notable Southern Tier projects include Revolutionary War battlefield sites such as Chemung and Newtown, and fieldwork at the site of the University Downtown Center before the building was constructed.

Though any project can lead to incredible results and insight, some projects have been particularly memorable for Versaggi.

“The most unexpected and surprising and stunning project — which we had no clue was going to be that way — was when we were asked to work with the Woodstock music festival,” Versaggi says. “They asked for help locating features from the original festival, and we helped them find the vendor areas and certain fence areas, and then the Associated Press descended and that was very cool. [The story] just went viral all across the globe. We were inundated with demands from every state for interviews.”

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ALLEN’S CREEK SITE

BALDWIN FARMSTEAD SITE

Public Archaeology Facility (PAF) crews conducted cultural resource investigations from 1993–2006 along state Route 36 in the village of Mount Morris in Livingston County. The project, sponsored by the Department of Transportation, called for road reconstruction, utility placement and new curb installation along the roadway. The Allen’s Creek area was used throughout the Late Archaic and to a small degree during the Transitional period.

Settlement ranged from as early as 3500 B.C. to approximately 1100 B.C. The activities in the investigated area focused on stone tool manufacture and maintenance, hunting, hide processing and the extraction of resources.

The Baldwin site is a late 18th-, early 19th-century farmstead in the hamlet of Lowman, Town of Ashland, in Chemung County. The farm was settled by veterans of the Battle of Newtown (1779), which was waged in and around the future hamlet. The homestead is eligible for the National Register of Historic Places and was built in two stages. The eastern wing of the house was built around 1789, with a larger, Federalstyle addition reputedly built around 1819. As such, the house represents one of the oldest framed structures in the region. The project was investigated

by PAF as part of a contract with the New York State Museum for the New York State Department of Transportation upgrade of N.Y. Route 17 to I-86.

JONATHAN COHEN, CASEY STAFF (VERSAGGI)

SELECT PAF PROJECTS

Working on the Woodstock project last year reminded PAF that its efforts make waves far beyond the Southern Tier.

“It wasn’t one of our interest areas but it’s a contemporary project, and we’re just starting to realize how important that can be,” Versaggi says.

“It was an eye opener and it made us rethink; maybe some of our responsibilities are to people living today who want to know more about the recent past.”

Through contemporary projects, PAF connects history to modern communities. This mission also inspired PAF’s Community Archaeology Programs, which allow people of all ages to get hands-on experience. Participants work in the field, uncovering and preserving artifacts with guidance from experts.

“We figured out a way to develop a program for children, teens and adults,” Versaggi says.

“It allows nonarchaeologists to have a highly supervised experience with archaeology.”

No matter where its research takes place, PAF is piecing together sherds of the past. PAF’s research support specialist, Mary Lou Supa, knows that her work is shaping our perspective of both the past and the future.

“It’s all a puzzle,” Supa says. “These are pieces of the puzzle, but when we put them together it’s all one beautiful picture.”

Though Versaggi has left her position as director, she’ll still be around campus teaching and doing research. She knows that PAF will continue its mission to share history with the public.

“We’ve been digging up the city of Binghamton,” Versaggi says, “one block at a time.”

MEET LAURIE MIROFF Laurie Miroff, MA ’94, MAT ’95, PhD ’02, a project director at Public Archaeology Facility since 1998, is the new director of the center. Miroff, who replaced longtime director Nina Versaggi in June, now oversees PAF’s 25-member staff.

Miroff

Question: How long have you been at PAF? What have your roles been and what are your areas of expertise?

Answer: I started working for PAF as a crew member when I first began my graduate studies at the University. I became a project director in 1998. In 1996, I co-developed the Community Archaeology Program (CAP) and became the co-director of CAP. My research focuses on the precontact period of the Northeast. I specialize in the analysis of precontact pottery and lithics.

Q: What are the strengths of the Public Archaeology Facility?

A: PAF’s strengths include helping clients through the compliance process by providing high-quality archaeological services, producing scholarly research and training undergraduates and graduates to be professional archaeologists. We have strong public outreach, including community programs, Native American collaborations and preservation initiatives. PAF’s dedicated and expert staff is also a great strength.

Q: How does PAF complement Harpur College’s Master of Arts in Public Archaeology program?

A: PAF works with graduate students in the MAPA program in a variety of ways, including helping with research and training, and offering internships in public outreach. One of my goals is to work more closely with Matthew Sanger, director of the MA program in public archaeology, beginning in the [fall] semester.

BROOME TECH SITE PAF archaeologists first identified the Broome Tech site in 1980 during a reconnaissance survey along Route 11 in the Town of Dickinson in Broome County.

The project called for a new sanitary sewer system for the town. Test pits along Route 11 encountered prehistoric lithics and pottery, and PAF named the site Broome Tech based on the name of the community college (now called SUNY Broome). Archaeologists documented a deeply stratified site on the west bank of the Chenango River dating as early as at least 1500 B.C. (the Transitional period). It was again used during the Middle Woodland period (ca. A.D. 0–900).

The most recent period of prehistoric site use was during the Late Woodland (ca. A.D. 900–1400).

Q: What are your short-term and long-term goals and hopes for PAF?

Versaggi

A: Short-term, I will be working with the staff to improve operations and continue our exciting cultural resource management projects.

Long-term, I hope to foster new collaborations with researchers both on and off campus and actively pursue new opportunities for us to obtain grants and conduct research.

To read more, go to binghamton.edu/programs/public-archaeology-facility/projects.

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archives

Asurprise in the

By Erica Prush ’19

Biology student uncovers Lincoln, Booth autopsy reports while conducting research for history class

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cadia Parker steps off the Metro into the center of Washington, D.C., and crosses the National Mall, passing the Capitol Building and the National Gallery of Art. She enters the National Archives Research Center and says, “I’m here to look at some records.”

The person at the desk tells her to go around back.

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Soon, Parker clears multiple security checks. She files a request for the records she wants, gleaned from a footnote found in her reading. She feels uneasy, knowing the archivists are used to dealing with professionals. She receives gloves and special paper to take notes — no notebooks allowed. Finally, she’s left alone in a reading room with the records.

There, Parker uncovers what she least expects to find: the autopsy reports of a United States president and his assassin.

THE SCIENCE OF HISTORY

Parker, a sophomore biology major from Rochester, N.Y., visited the National Archives in November.

“What’s that movie where he steals the Declaration of Independence?” she says, referring to the 2004 Nicolas Cage film National Treasure. “That’s where I was.”

Assassination of Abraham Lincoln, 1865, hand-colored lithograph on paper by Currier & Ives Lithography Company. From left to right: Henry Rathbone, Clara Harris, Mary Todd Lincoln, Abraham Lincoln and John Wilkes Booth.

Parker was enrolled in a seminar course called Civil War and Medicine, taught by Diane Sommerville, professor of history, in fall 2018.

Sommerville, a Civil War specialist, says medicine of the era is a growing field of study for historians.

As a sophomore nonhistory major, Parker had to receive special permission from Sommerville to enroll in the senior seminar.

“I was trying to scare her off a little bit, because the subject is cool but there’s a lot of work that you have to do that you may not be used to doing in the sciences,” Sommerville says. “She said, ‘I definitely want to do it.’”

Since Parker is on the pre-veterinary track, she chose the class as an elective to learn about the history of medicine.

“I think it’s important to value history for future decisions, especially when it comes to medicine,

because there’s so much we can learn from the past,” Parker says. “We have to learn from our mistakes.”

For her, this is more than a medical philosophy.

It’s her life motto, and she seeks to incorporate it into everything she does.

Parker chose to write about Civil War-era autopsy reports for her final project for the course, a primary source-based essay.

“I’ve always struggled with this idea that people are so different, so I try to look for the things that connect them. One of the things that connects them is that we all have the same end,” she says.

“My topic was about finding medical significance in the dead bodies, because there were a lot of them. I was trying to learn something from all of the people who died, because something good had to come from all the loss.” binghamton.edu/harpur

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| A S U R P R IS E IN THE A R C HIVES |

Parker titled her essay Mortui Vivos Docent — a phrase she has tattooed on her back that means “the dead teach the living.”

When she decided to analyze autopsies, Parker struggled to find accessible primary sources. As it turns out, Civil War autopsy reports are hard to come by.

While reading books on the subject, she came upon a footnote where the author located Civil War autopsy reports in the National Archives in Washington, D.C. That’s where her adventure began.

A JOURNEY TO THE ARCHIVES

Parker

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Last summer, Parker’s father took a job as an educational program coordinator at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington. Her family moved from Rochester so he could take the opportunity. During Thanksgiving break, Parker decided to go to work with her father and then venture to the National Archives herself, to conduct research for her paper.

“A big part of why I went to the archives was because of my parents and the opportunities they’ve afforded me,” she says. “They’ve always encouraged me to be curious and ask questions.”

In fact, some of Parker’s medical interest comes from growing up with a mother who is a nurse practitioner and her childhood experience with disease in her family.

“My brother had cancer when he was little, so I spent a lot of time in the hospital with him,” Parker says. “My mom would bring me into work, too, so I was well-versed in the medical environment.”

Once the archivists gave Parker boxes filled with the documents she needed for her paper, she began reading through the curly, often-illegible script of the 19th century.

Sifting through the ledgers of dead people, Parker was searching for patterns: the most common causes of death and how physicians reported them.

And then she pulled out an autopsy report for John Wilkes Booth, President Abraham Lincoln’s assassin.

“It was accidental. It was alphabetical: amputations, assassinations, et cetera,” Parker says. “So I pulled the assassinations file, and the first thing I pulled was John Wilkes Booth’s autopsy report.

And then the next thing I pulled was Abraham Lincoln’s.”

Parker stopped cold. Hundreds of other death records, and these are the two she pulled? Startled, she walked back to the front desk to make sure the reports weren’t in there by mistake. They could be valuable — normally, repositories keep records of famous people more tightly secured.

“And they looked up the file number and said, ‘No, it’s supposed to be in there,’” she recalls. “It was so rare that I found them. One in a million chance. It’s not like it’s advertised that Abe Lincoln’s autopsy report would be in there. I’m sure they had copies of it, but the original? This is a critical part of history that I’m holding. And I didn’t even mean to.”

THE DEAD TEACH THE LIVING

When the initial shock wore off, Parker was able to glean valuable information from the famous historical figures’ autopsies.

For example, in Booth’s autopsy, the medical examiner reported that “paralysis of the entire body [of Booth] was immediate and all the horrors of consciousness of suffering and death must have been present to the deceased during the two hours he lingered.”

Parker wrote about the significance of this statement in her paper: “The report of the autopsy of John Wilkes Booth, Lincoln’s assailant, was medically precise but emotionally charged. The statement was medically irrelevant but included to assuage the nation in a time of tremendous mourning — not only for the death of their president, but the death of their brothers, fathers, sons and cousins.”

Today, autopsies are written on a computer, are much more detailed and often include an accompanying diagram. Civil War-era autopsies were often just a few sentences written by a medical professional explaining what happened.

LEFT: JONATHAN COHEN; RIGHT: ACADIA PARKER

“ YOU NEVER KNOW WHAT YOU’RE GOING TO FIND. ONCE YOU’RE ACTUALLY TOUCHING THE DOCUMENTS AND THEY SMELL LIKE OLD TOBACCO AND THEY HAVE BLOODSTAINS ON THEM, YOU’RE LIKE, ‘WOW, I’M TOUCHING HISTORY.’ IT’S UNBELIEVABLE TO JUST SIT THERE AND LOSE TRACK OF TIME.”

Harpur College student Acadia Parker holds the autopsy report of Abraham Lincoln. The report was written by Dr. Joseph Janvier Woodward, who conducted the autopsy with fellow Army surgeon Edward Curtis on April 15, 1865.

—Acadia Parker

“What I’ve found is that [during the Civil War] they were very precise. The same things would have been reported today, just in a different way,” Parker says. “It helped learning about forensic medicine, and they were pretty medically advanced at that time.”

The examiners were especially precise when it came to reporting Lincoln’s cause of death, which Parker claimed set an important standard for reporting future presidential assassinations such as John F. Kennedy’s.

“The Civil War allowed physicians to enhance their skills in investigating bodies after they die, because there was such an abundance,” Parker says. “They were able to better understand disease states, and ultimately we have forensic medicine now because we understand how people can die from such horrific injuries.”

Parker took the initiative to dive headfirst into sources she knew would help her write a better paper. Her professor was thrilled.

“I encourage all of my students to go to the archives, but interestingly enough, the only nonhistory major or minor actually took me up

on it,” Sommerville says. “The National Archives is really overwhelming. It’s currently one of the biggest repositories in America. So for her to get the gumption to do that took a lot of courage.”

Parker may focus her future studies on veterinary medicine, but in challenging herself to study history at a high level, she got a much bigger picture of her field.

“History teaches a lot of very valuable skills.

It teaches critical thinking, analysis, writing. We spend a great deal of time talking about how to organize thoughts, how to organize research, how to build an argument,” Sommerville says.

“Frankly, those are skills that most people, even in the STEM fields, could benefit from.”

In preparing for her next endeavor, Parker says she will undoubtedly continue to look at archival material, perhaps for genetic or veterinary research.

“You never know what you’re going to find.

Once you’re actually touching the documents and they smell like old tobacco and they have bloodstains on them, you’re like, ‘Wow, I’m touching history,’” she says. “It’s unbelievable to just sit there and lose track of time.”

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JONATHAN COHEN

THE FINAL BOW

“ Dr. Perry has an unwavering confidence in the pieces and musicology, and a very sharp wit and humor that kept the air of practices as informative as they were enjoyable.

I’ll miss playing under him a lot, and have had an amazing four years.”

– Steven DeNardo ’19, history and English double major, viola player, on the retirement of Professor Timothy Perry

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| T HE F IN A L BOW |

Music Professor Timothy Perry leads the University Symphony Orchestra one last time before retirement

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JONATHAN COHEN

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rofessor Timothy Perry, who retired from the Music Department following the 2018–19 academic year, conducted the University Symphony Orchestra for the last time on May 5, 2019. The orchestra teamed up with the Harpur Chorale and University Chorus to perform “Dona Nobis Pacem,” a cantata by Ralph Vaughn Williams.

As the director of the University Symphony and Chamber orchestras, Perry spent 33 years conducting students since joining the Binghamton University faculty in 1986. He also directed the University Wind Ensemble from 1986–2005 and led the Binghamton Community Orchestra from 1994–2004 and 2014 to the present, a position from which he is also stepping down.

After a standing ovation at the final concert, Perry reflected on the times he has been on the Osterhout Concert Theater stage and the people he has worked with along the way.

“Every end-of-year concert is special because you know there are going to be people that you may never see again or at least not see for a long time,” he says.

“At the same time, there’s this sort of sadness because you’re aware that the road’s coming to an end, and you’re going to make a turn and go in another direction.”

To Perry, working with decades of students has allowed individually skilled musicians to be brought together as a team to create something larger than themselves.

“You get all these different personalities, and yet your job is the same: to bring them to a realization of, and appreciation for, the score that you’ve chosen for them to do,” he says. “And to try to get them to function as a unit, as this really complex musical machine that can just create incredible emotional and intellectual kinds of constructions.” —Sydney Velapoldi ’19

“ Dr. Perry taught us that understanding a composer’s intentions and background can greatly enhance the musical interpretation of their pieces. Each semester he was sure to explain the nuances of each piece we were learning, and encourage us to think about the piece from a different perspective.”

– Melanie Chen ’19, computer science/ music double major, violinist

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CEREBRAL Harpur physicists team with Georgia Tech on artificial-intelligence project

By Sydney Velapoldi ’19

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BACKGROUND: ADOBE STOCK; RIGHT: JONATHAN COHEN

experience

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s competition in the new global race for technology becomes increasingly fierce, researchers are pushing the boundaries of traditional siliconbased computing.

Physicists at Binghamton University and the Georgia Institute of Technology are working to develop devices that revolutionize how computing works. They’re attempting to replace silicon transistors with new materials that will mimic the actions of the human brain in order to maximize energy efficiency and explore the potential of artificial intelligence.

“What we are trying to do is a fundamental study,” says Associate Professor Louis Piper, director of the Materials Science and Engineering Program, and Binghamton University’s head researcher for the study. “We want to (create) something that will be doing a similar thing as what the brain does, which is firing a neuron.”

The push to embrace neuromorphic engineering stems from one simple fact: The human brain is monumentally more efficient than any computer we have to date.

Containing 100 billion neurons and responsible for every thought and feeling we have, the human brain uses only about 20 watts of power, comparable to that of a dim light bulb.

A gaming computer, on the other hand, can use around 700 watts while doing considerably less than the brain.

“Those neurons are just firing, doing memory and logic all together in one process,” Piper says. “If we consider the world’s best supercomputer at the moment, it could only do something comparable to about 1 billion neurons with about a thousand synapses.

Can you imagine how much energy that uses?”

This research, led by Piper and condensed matter theorist Wei-Cheng Lee, an assistant professor of physics, is the heart of Binghamton University’s role in a five-year, $7.5 million project. The project is called CEREBRAL, which stands for Cross-disciplinary Electronic-ionic Research Enabling Biologically Realistic Autonomous Learning, and it is part of the Department of Defense’s Multi-University Research Initiative (MURI), in which select researchers from multiple academic institutions receive funds to accelerate research and support graduate students’ education and training. binghamton.edu/harpur

Louis Piper, left, and Wei-Cheng Lee

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| T HE C ER E BR A L E X P E RIE N C E |

of Defense, this could mean low-power image processing for Air Force drones. For Piper and his team, this could mean someday developing an artificial retina that is responsive to light.

While collaborating with Georgia Tech has granted Piper and Lee invaluable opportunities, collaborating with each other has been equally beneficial.

“I’m very lucky to have Louis,” Lee says. “As a theorist, usually we don’t have too much chance to directly say something about experiments, particularly if the data is really ugly in a sense.

It’s really hard to say anything conclusive. Louis certainly has so much beautiful data, and for theorists, that’s the “ THAT IS ULTIMATELY WHAT WE’RE TRYING TO most important thing.”

Piper and his DO . . . CHANGE THE WAY COMPUTATION IS DONE. students are primarily WE ARE PUSHING THE BOUNDARIES OF WHAT materials scientists, PEOPLE KNOW HOW TO DO.” –Christopher Singh focusing their work on understanding and testing physical material candidates for their desired circuit design.

Lee’s team creates the theoretical models that allow the group to interpret the results of Piper’s experimental data. Blending their physics will allow, because we’re getting down to respective disciplines, they’ve enriched both sides the atomic scale.” of the project and are constantly learning from The development of neuristors would breach each other. this silicon wall, bringing about devices of simpler “I enjoy my interactions incredibly with Weiarchitecture that are both scalable and efficient.

Cheng,” Piper says. “I’ve learned so much from him.

The project’s principal investigator is William I can go to him with my squiggly lines that I’m really Alan Doolittle, a professor at Georgia Tech’s excited about, and he gets excited about them too!”

School of Electrical and Computer Engineering.

To Lee, being able to work with physical data “You always want to surround yourself with rather than lofty abstractions has been grounding. people who push you to be stronger scientifically “It has really brought me back to reality,” Lee but also production-wise,” Doolittle says. “Louis says. “As a theorist, you can easily publish a paper and Wei-Cheng offer complementary expertise, that is so advanced but nobody will care. But it adding both depth and breadth to our MURI turns out this kind of project is very real, and you team.” can solve real problems. I feel like a person who’s Doolittle’s team works to develop the devices really starting to believe that this is the future for that would require the materials that Piper’s team theory.” investigates. Once they’ve got a working device, The excellent data, Piper says, is a testament they can use the proper materials and finally put to the students, who include Wahila, Galo Paez them in a real computer. For the Department Fajardo and Sebastian Howard.

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JONATHAN COHEN

The main focus of CEREBRAL lies in replacing transistors — devices that control a computer’s binary logic by switching on and off — with neuristors, which act like neurons. Unlike a traditional transistor, a neuristor would naturally generate a pulsed spike when a threshold is reached, just like the neurons in the brain.

“The whole goal of the project is to advance the development of neuristor technology,” says Matthew Wahila, Piper’s postdoctoral researcher. “Current silicon-based computing is hitting a wall. We can’t shrink the transistors down any smaller. We’re at the limits of what

Above, professors Wei-Cheng Lee, left, and Louis Piper; at right, graduate students Christopher Singh, left, and Galo Paez Fajardo in a lab at the Innovative Technologies Complex.

“We’ve put together a team where people are very open when they don’t understand things, and very open when they do,” Piper says. “The best thing about my job is being able to sit and get excited with very bright undergraduates, graduate students and postdocs who are willing to look at this squiggly line spectrum and start trying to understand it.”

Most of Piper’s work is done at national facilities in places like Chicago, Long Island, Berkeley and Oxford. At the team’s most recent meeting in Georgia, members presented their first-year results.

“We are a very productive research group in terms of research output, papers we publish and national laboratory time we get from our proposals,” Wahila says.

Though they are proud of their accomplishments, the team members remain mindful of the areas that need improvement. To help with more effective communication, for example, Piper has reached out to graphic designer Gokhan Ersan of the Department of Art and Design.

“We need to be better at visually explaining, because we can use visual constructs in lieu of mathematics,” Piper says.

“So we’ve been working with him to try to develop that.”

For Lee’s graduate student Christopher Singh, visualizing the microscopic materials of the CEREBRAL project has put the larger world into perspective.

“I always liked this quote by William Blake, which is ‘to see a world in a grain of sand,’” he says. “Every single material you look at is this crazy world in itself.”

Taking the lead in such a far-reaching project means the researchers are faced with what Piper calls “a whole playground of physics and chemistry that we have to understand,” and they must move forward one step at a time.

“That is ultimately what we’re trying to do, you know. Change the way computation is done,” Singh says. “We are pushing the boundaries of what people know how to do.” binghamton.edu/harpur

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the page BRINGING THE PAST TO

By Eric Coker

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n the History Department, 2018–19 was a banner academic year for books from faculty members on topics that ranged from third-century Syria to the aftermath of the U.S. Civil War. Professor Diane Miller Sommerville received national acclaim for Aberration of Mind: Suicide and Suffering in the Civil War-Era South, which she spent more than a dozen years researching and writing. Aberration of Mind was nominated for the Lincoln Prize, which is awarded annually for the best scholarly work related to the Civil War. Professor Howard G. Brown, who won the American Historical Association’s 2006 Leo Gershoy Award for best book on 17th- and 18th-century European history, returned with Mass Violence & the Self: From the French Wars of Religion to the Paris Commune.

HARPUR PERSPECTIVE

Arnab Dey, an associate professor, contributed Tea Environments and Plantation Culture: Imperial Disarray in Eastern India, while Associate Professor Nathanael Andrade penned two books — The Journey of Christianity to India in Late Antiquity: Networks and the Movement of Culture and Zenobia: Shooting Star of Palmyra.

Other authors among the history faculty included Distinguished Service Professor John Chaffee, who wrote The Muslim Merchants of Premodern China: The History of a Maritime Asian Trade Diaspora, 750–1400, and Professor Richard Mackenney, who wrote Venice as the Polity of Mercy.

Andrade, Brown, Dey and Sommerville sat down with Harpur Perspective to discuss their backgrounds, the writing process and the continued importance of studying history.

JONATHAN COHEN

HISTORY PROFESSORS DISCUSS THEIR NEW BOOKS

WHAT GOT YOU HOOKED ON HISTORY?

was capable of writing any of these books from my colleagues! [laughs]

Sommerville: I received the eighth-grade social studies award in junior high. That was the beginning of when I knew I was passionate about history. Living in southwestern Pennsylvania — the French and Indian War took place where I grew up, and we had an Indian settlement on the farm where we would find relics — was the cauldron of my history interests.

Brown: I was close to going into late 19th-century/ early 20th-century German history — origins of the First World War. I had taken some German in high school.

Brown: Mine goes back to a similar age — maybe a little later. Canada had all 16-year-olds at that time take a set of aptitude tests. The results for me were that I was best suited to become A) a design engineer or B) a historian. I can’t even remember C, D and E anymore! Even though math and physics were my best disciplines in high school, I went for history instead of design engineer.

Brown: Did you do any creative writing?

Dey: For me, it’s both personal and professional. It’s personal because my book is about a region I grew up around. But it’s also professional because I was fortunate enough to have had a strong, humanist education.

History was an extension of that, even though my first degrees were all in literature.

Andrade: What pulled me to become an ancient historian was that I had many relatives who were devout Catholics. One in particular became a Carmelite and, as a result, I was interested in early monasticism and the Roman Empire. From there, graduate school moved me into different places. . . . But I think that’s what led me to Roman history.

IF YOU WEREN’T WRITING AND TEACHING IN YOUR FIELDS OF EXPERTISE, WHAT AREA OF HISTORY WOULD YOU LIKE TO EXPLORE? Dey: That’s a tough question!

Sommerville: I started out doing 20th-century southern history. I was interested in racial segregation. It was the jump from my [master’s] institution in Charlotte, N.C., to Rutgers [for a PhD], where I was paired with a 19th-century women’s historian. I guess it rubbed off. But I always thought I would be a 20th-century U.S. historian.

Andrade: I always found that more recent periods of history have a profound depth that is hard for ancient historians to aspire to. I wish I

Dey: Historical fiction is something I may have gotten into because of my earlier interest in literature. I’m still invested in it and continue to include relevant [titles] in my classes.

Nathanael Andrade

Associate professor

Research interests: Greek and Roman history, ancient Mediterranean, late Antiquity 2018 books: The Journey of Christianity to India in Late Antiquity: Networks and the Movement of Culture (Cambridge University Press); Zenobia: Shooting Star of Palmyra (Oxford University Press)

“[Journey] tries to reconstruct how Christianity came to India.

[Zenobia] is about a famous woman from the third century who waged a civil war against the Roman imperial court.”—Andrade

Dey: No, not anymore. … I can’t read a novel as a reader anymore. You get a pencil and start making notes. It can destroy the art of reading because you have this idea that you need to find meanings, connections and arguments.

Brown: Go to audiobooks! You can’t pencil those.

Andrade: I can’t recall the last time I read something for enjoyment.

Sommerville: It’s one of the great regrets: There’s not enough time for leisure. I try to read a novel at the end of every semester to give my mind a break, but I don’t read enough fiction.

Brown: I push myself to read at least one [novel] a month; actually an audiobook and a print book.

Andrade: I read a lot of fiction — second century! [group laughs] binghamton.edu/harpur

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Howard G. Brown Professor

2018 book: Mass Violence & the Self: From the French Wars of Religion to the Paris Commune (Cornell University Press)

“I focused on four episodes of mass violence in France over 300 years — how those episodes were depicted and what that might have done to create collective trauma or a new understanding of the self.”—Brown

WHAT IS THE MOST CHALLENGING ASPECT OF WRITING A BOOK? RESEARCH? FINDING THE TIME TO WRITE? Dey: For me, there is no one moment that is challenging to the craft of writing. It happens over a long period; it happens in spurts; it happens in bits and pieces. For me, the principle behind writing the book was clear: I was only looking for evidence that added new material to the “ [History graduates] start story — which, in my case, was already with a combination of skills well-researched and that are in extremely high documented over a long period of time. demand because they are

Brown: Research is easy compared to the actual writing.

Research is fun and like a detective story. Turning it into an explanation of what you found and what you think it means can make for some serious challenges when you’re looking at a blank screen.

I get over some of those challenges by having a ritual in which I wear writing clothes. I don’t let myself do anything else in that garb but face the screen and write.

extremely rare now.”

—Brown

Sommerville: I rely on a lot of Milk Duds.

Andrade: Ooh, those are good!

Sommerville: They give me the energy to write!

I share Howard’s assessment: Research is fun.

The favorite thing I do professionally is go into the archives and then try to piece together disparate fragments of sources. It’s challenging. I need

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sustained periods of time to write. There’s a rule that you should write 500 words a day. I can’t do that. I have to sit down and write over eight hours, 10 hours a week, two weeks, three weeks. I find it difficult with teaching and advising — and the dogs at home — to sit down and be uninterrupted.

Brown: When you only have part of a book written and you’ve got three or four chapters to finish, those will take years if you don’t have six months or 12 months to get the chapters done.

Dey: I don’t think I’ve written anything scholarly during an active semester.

Andrade: I’m different: I write daily. I enjoy that as part of the creative enterprise. It’s finishing the books that I despise. Putting an index together makes me not want to write books!

Sommerville: I have the name of a good indexer.

Andrade: Good, I can use one!

WHAT IS THE MOST REWARDING PART OF THE WRITING PROCESS? SEEING THE FINISHED WORK? THE “A-HA” RESEARCH MOMENT? Brown: I’d rather see my books in footnotes than on shelves. That’s why I’m writing mostly for peers rather than for a larger, popular audience. If I’ve had an influence and my books keep appearing in people’s footnotes, then I’m gratified.

Dey: There’s an immediate component and a long-term [reward]. The long-term one is hoping that you have contributed something new to your field. The more immediate experience of gratification for me is to have a completed chapter! To step back and see 35,000 words come together in a cogent narrative is immensely gratifying for me.

Sommerville: I spent the better part of 14 years on my book, so there’s an element of just wanting to get it behind you and move on to the next project. [group laughs] Now people are reading the book and you go to the gatherings and they want to talk about your book. Once I start that, I get a little excited and the adrenalin is flowing. But to be honest with you: I’m ready to go to the next project.

I haven’t been into the archives in a long time.

Andrade: I’m most gratified by the actual process: doing the research and writing. I find it self-sustaining; I enjoy it. It’s easy for me to start projects and get deep into them.

JONATHAN COHEN

Research interests: France (16th to 19th centuries), early modern Europe; politicized violence

| BRINGING THE PAST TO THE PAG E |

WHAT ARE THE GIFTS THAT A HISTORY MAJOR OR SCHOLAR CAN GIVE THE WORLD?

Arnab Dey

Associate professor

Dey: There are two skills. One is the more specific, which we often forget: that is the ability to distill and highlight the most relevant data and evidence from a mass of material in a limited amount of time. It’s a skill that all of the disciplines and career paths use. But the larger value I try to get across is that it’s not enough for us to be “workers” and “creators” of wealth and services.

We need to be involved citizens. It’s not enough to be somebody who produces; it is important to be someone who thinks and acts independently.

Brown: [History graduates] start with a combination of skills that are in extremely high demand because they are extremely rare now. That combination is intensive analytical thinking, careful and accurate writing, and the powerful drawing of conclusions from the two. A lot of people have opinions, a lot of people don’t have the facts and a lot of people aren’t particularly rigorous about their thinking. To pull those three together is critical to a lot of leadership roles in industry and communication sectors. It’s much more widespread than journalism or law might suggest.

Those are two traditional careers for historians.

Andrade: I like to think of history majors as lifelong historians, even if they don’t do it in the way that we do. One of the things we do is guide students to see through the narratives that are circulating all over our globalized world — and then [they] teach others how to do it. Even in ancient history, this is a real issue. One of the biggest myths is that the Mediterranean is a fundamentally white place. This is a narrative that has been repeated a lot recently. So it’s

Research interests: Modern India, environmental and labor history, social theory 2019 book: Tea Environments and Plantation Culture: Imperial Disarray in Eastern India (Cambridge University Press)

“It’s a history of the tea plantation economy of colonial India that brings together its social, ecological and economic elements.”—Dey

important for students to exercise that analytical rigor and to deal with sources in a serious way.

And not to believe everything they’re told!

Brown: Approach everything with a certain skepticism.

Sommerville: When I say goodbye to my students, I tell them there are three things they should have learned from the material in the course that will inform their own lives. One of them is vigilance: the importance of understanding, reading, being informed and knowing the difference between facts and [what are] not facts. Second is advocacy: knowing that when there is something wrong in the system or an injustice, that they need to advocate for reform and correction. And third is activism. The Washington Post has the masthead “Democracy dies in darkness.” Democracy also dies in complacency.

I preach to [students] that my generation is relying on them to carry the mantle and respond to their own perceptions about wrongs and injustices.

Diane Miller Sommerville Professor

Research interests: 19th-century U.S., the American South, U.S. women’s history, Civil War and Reconstruction 2018 book: Aberration of Mind: Suicide and Suffering in the Civil War–Era South (University of North Carolina Press)

“A social history of suicide and suffering under the extraordinary circumstances of the Civil War.”—Sommerville

binghamton.edu/harpur

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Psychology, art departments partner on Science 4 building project

A

collaboration between two Harpur College departments produced visualizations of what it means to study psychology at Binghamton University.

Blazo Kovacevic, an associate professor of art and design, worked with the Psychology Department to produce visuals for the Science 4 building, which houses the department and its faculty members.

“When we opened the renovated portion of Science 4, the psychology faculty realized that we needed signage and art that would convey the mission of the Psychology Department and match well with the

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building,” says Matthew Johnson, chairman of the department. “Multiple people recommended I consult with Blazo Kovacevic. He read about the research in our department and developed pieces that captured the beauty of psychological research and that dovetailed with the overall aesthetics of the campus and building.”

The creations included an 8-by-24-foot “dendritic tree” on the building’s second floor. The tree features graphics illustrating the function of a neuron. Other visuals include a window graphic of a big brain that changes color from white during the day to green at night; “small brain” window clings; and a faculty directory featuring individual photos and office hours.

The project, which also featured the assistance of art faculty member Gokhan Ersan and psychology faculty member Patricia DiLorenzo, was celebrated at a May gathering in Science 4.

TOP: MARC NEWTON; RIGHT: BLAZO KOVACEVIC; FAR RIGHT: JONATHAN COHEN

science 4 art

President Harvey G. Stenger and Associate Professor Blazo Kovacevic at a reception held May 6 in Science 4 to celebrate the collaboration between the Psychology Department and the Department of Art and Design.

binghamton.edu/harpur

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Couple helps to light up Watters Theater Peter and Mindy Markowitz’s aid benefits students in the arts

Mindy and Peter Markowitz ’88

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ith a slight chuckle, Peter Markowitz ’88 says he has only had one job, and he still has it. What started as part-time work doing lighting for events the summer before his freshman year at Binghamton University became a full-time position with Frost Productions. After becoming a shareholder and president in 1996, he bought the business in 2015. Frost Productions is based in New York, with an office in Boston, and the company produces high-end events such as product launches, movie premiere parties, awards galas, weddings and holiday parties for large corporations.

Markowitz’s career success has enabled him to give back to Binghamton in a way he never envisioned as a computer science and mathematics major who spent most of his waking hours in a computing lab. He went to work at Frost when it had just one computer, and he leveraged the budding technology to help the company work faster, smarter and better.

Wanting to make an impact at Binghamton, he and his wife established the Peter ’88 and Mindy Markowitz Scholarship for the Arts last fall. The fund benefits students interested in theater production or performance, and who have financial need.

“For me, college was a great growing period and I feel that it’s something everybody needs to do,” Peter Markowitz says. “It’s important to go to college, and I wanted to do what I could to help make that happen for people. I hope this gives someone an opportunity to do something they couldn’t have done, or makes it easier to do something when they would have had to make a sacrifice.”

HARPUR PERSPECTIVE

Watters Theater has installed new lighting, thanks to the generosity of Peter and Mindy Markowitz.

“When choosing my college, I felt very strongly about going away from home, and I would like to give that opportunity to other students who feel they, too, will thrive in a setting away from home,” Mindy Markowitz says.

The couple also felt that theater students would benefit by using the latest equipment, so they donated lighting to the Watters Theater, and look forward to coming back to Binghamton to see a production using this equipment.

“There’s great new technology that can make the shows better,” Peter Markowitz says. “The colors are more vibrant now with all the LEDs. I hope it helps the students to have their hands on the new equipment. I want them to see what they can do and to be proud of their shows.”

Peter Markowitz wants to do more than create opportunities for current and future Harpur College students. He also wants to change the perception of theater as a career field.

“Down the road, I hope this helps someone appreciate the arts more,” he says. “When someone says they want to pursue a career in the arts, they frequently get asked, ‘How are you going to pay for your education?’ as if they’re not making a good investment. There are tremendous opportunities in this field.”

LEFT: PROVIDED; TOP: KARI BAYAIT

By Steve Seepersaud

HARPUR COLLEGE 2018–19 DONOR LIST $500,000–$999,999 Mrs. Bonnie Fox Mr. Stuart F. Koenig ’73

$100,000–$249,999 Mr. Richard J. Byrne ’83 Dr. John J. Eisch+* Dr. Charles P. Pfleeger Dr. Shari Lawrence Pfleeger ’70, LHD ’00 Shimadzu Scientific Instruments Mr. Michael D. Timmeny ’73

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Estate of Donald R. Coates+* Dr. Carol C. Harter ’64, MA ’67, PhD ’70, LHD ’14 Dr. Michael T. Harter ’64 Dr. William H. Isbell+ Mrs. Mindy Markowitz Mr. Peter C. Markowitz ’88 Mr. Albert Nocciolino Dr. Judy U. Siggins

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PO Box 6000, Binghamton, NY 13902-6000

HARPUR: THE NEXT GENERATION Incoming Harpur College freshmen take part in the first day of summer orientation in July. Six two-day sessions are held for freshmen in late June and July.

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