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JANUARY 14, 2016
Vol. 36, No. 2
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Local rescue squads see jump in Narcan use In Essex, police do not carry the drug that reverses opioid overdose
By COLIN FLANDERS The Essex Reporter The Burlington Police Department announced last week that its officers would begin carrying Naloxone — deemed the opioid overdose “antidote” — in an effort to combat Vermont’s growing drug problem. In an overdose, opioids can slow a person’s breathing to the point of death. Naloxone, also known by the brand name Narcan, is a medication that reverses the effects of a heroin or opioid painkiller overdose by blocking the brain’s opioid receptors, helping to restore normal breathing. Police in Essex and Colchester do not carry the drug, but each
town’s rescue squads do. While Narcan previously required an injection, a nasal spray version of the medication was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in November 2015, making it easier for both citizens and emergency personnel to administer the drug. The shift has inspired some police agencies throughout the country to start carrying the drug. The Vermont Intelligence Center, which is part of the Vermont State Police, does not require police agencies to report Narcan usage. Although it has been around for decades, Narcan has moved to the forefront of national discussion as police and health agencies rush to combat a spike in overdoses.
Fatal drug overdoses killed more than 47,000 Americans in 2014, doubling since 2000, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Vermont has felt the effects; the Vermont Health Department reported 92 drug-related deaths in 2014. Fifty-three of these deaths were ruled accidental; heroin played a role in 31 of these cases, while Fentanyl — a painkiller 100 times as powerful as morphine — was present in 17. In 2010, these two drugs were responsible for two accidental deaths combined.
Unique challenges While Burlington has moved to have its officers start carrying
Narcan, other local police departments are still weighing their options; Essex Police Chief Brad LaRose and Colchester Police Chief Jennifer Morrison said their departments don’t carry it. They each cited as challenges the drug’s rising costs and relatively short shelf life, as doses of Narcan only last about two years. Each also lamented the drug’s storage difficulties — it must be kept a room temperature, a difficult task in the Vermont winter. LaRose and Morrison also highlighted the fact that both municipalities have dedicated rescue squads that do carry the drug. The Essex and Colchester rescue squads purchase Narcan
naloxone, also known by the brand name narcan, is a medication that reverses the effects of a heroin or opioid painkiller overdose. CoURtESY oF Vt DEPt. oF HEAltH
– See NARCAN on page 2a
New law boosts local enrollment in pre-K, saves parents money
up for grabs
By COLIN FLANDERS The Essex Reporter Vermont families with children attending preschool full time are saving an average of $45 a week compared to last year thanks to Act 166, according to Child Care Resource, a nonprofit organization aimed at helping Chittenden County families find child care. Child Care Resource collected data from 42 pre-kindergarten programs partnering with Chittenden County school districts to offer full-time programs through Act 166 during the school year. Passed by the Legislature and signed into law by Gov. Peter Shumlin in May 2014, Act 166 provides universal publicly funded prekindergarten education for a minimum of 10 hours per week, 35 weeks annually for all 3-, 4- and 5-year-old children who are not enrolled in kindergarten. Although Act 166 doesn’t require parents send their children to preschool, it requires districts to offer a statewide tuition rate of $3,000 per child for those enrolled parttime — 10 hours a week, 35 weeks a year — which is paid directly to the prequalified pre-kindergarten provider. The $3,000 stipend can also be used to offset some of the cost of full-time care beyond 10 hours a week. The new law is credited with boosting the number of children enrolled in prekindergarten classes locally. Child Care Resource looked at how Act 166 affected weekly, full-time tuition rates from the 2014-2015 school year to the 20152016 school year. The organization found that these rates increased by an average of $32 per week — from $236 in 2014-15 to $268 in 2015-16. Despite that increase, families are paying 19 percent less this year — an average price of $191 a week — than they were paying in 2014-15 as a result of the state’s pre-k education funding. Additionally, over half of the programs examined had net tuition rates below $200 per week in the 2015-16 school year. Essex’s olivia Duncan, left, and Josina munson go for a rebound during monday’s game against BFA-St. Albans in St. Albans. A strong second half surged Essex past BFA 44-38, improving the Hornets to 8-2 on the season. PHoto | JoSH kAUFmAnn
Shifting guidelines
It’s important to note that Act 166 is focused on tuition, unlike its predecessor, Act 62, which was Vermont’s pre-K funding
program in place during the 2014-15 school year. The rules under Act 62 were cost-based. Pre-K programs receiving funding through Act 62 were required to calculate pre-k costs as they related to the funding received from the school districts. “These costs may not have been included in tuition at all. After costs were covered, the remaining public funds were then applied to tuition discounts for families,” wrote Elizabeth Meyer, executive director of Child Care Resource, in an email. This method changed under Act 166, as now this pre-K funding — $3,000 per year for each child enrolled — must be applied to the parents’ tuition Meyer explained that this shift resulted in savings despite also forcing an average increase in tuition. For programs partnered through Act 62, a tuition raise was necessary to cover costs that the public education funding used to cover. And for programs that hadn’t previously partnered through Act 62, a tuition increase was needed to cover the additional cost of complying with the requirements of Act 166. The $3,000 was then applied directly to these increases, allowing for the savings parents see.
Enrollment increases
While Act 166 went into effect on July 1, 2015, districts had a year before they were forced implement the program. This change was made to allow school districts to figure out how to implement the plan and allocate funds for it in their budgets. Local school districts, however, decided to implement the plan for the 2015-2016 school year. Essex Junction, Essex Town and Colchester all contracted with local pre-K providers to start the plan this year. In comparison to 2014-15 under Act 62, Act 166’s impact seems to extend beyond financial gains, appearing to have made an impact on enrollment as well. The Essex Town School District saw an increase of 68 percent in the number of preschoolers enrolled in partner programs, as of December 2015. Chittenden Central Supervisory Union also reported an increase,
– See NEW LAW on page 2a
Vermont Gas’ southern expansion approval confirmed By JASON STARR The Essex Reporter
Construction of Vermont Gas’ extension of natural gas service from northwestern Vermont into Addison County can proceed despite cost overruns of roughly 80 percent and relentless environmental opposition, the Vermont Public Service Board ruled last week. The three-person board is charged with supervising the rates, quality of service and financial management of utilities operating in Vermont. It issued a Certificate of Public Good for the pipeline in 2013. Since then, the company’s cost estimate for the project has increased from $86 million to $153 million. The increase prompted the board to take new testimony to determine whether a reopening of the case is warranted. In its decision Friday, the board, while noting concerns with the increasing cost of the project, reaffirmed its support. “Although a number of circumstances have changed since our original decision, the most significant of which is the much higher estimated cost of the project, the new evidence does not alter our conclusion that construction of the pipeline promotes the
general good and is in the best interest of the state,” the board wrote. Vermont Gas completed 11 miles of construction through Chittenden County in 2015, including a connection at Severance Corners in Colchester, pipeline along Route 289 in Essex and an extension under the Winooski River into Williston. The company issued a statement Friday saying that an extension into Addison County is targeted for completion by the end of this year. “The Addison project will deliver a new clean energy choice to thousands of Vermont families, businesses and institutions,” the South Burlington company — a subsidiary of GazMetro of Quebec — said in a prepared statement Friday. “Today’s decision concludes a thorough regulatory proceeding, and we appreciate the opportunity to keep moving forward … Our team will now be able to turn its full attention to the important planning and preparation necessary for our upcoming construction season.” The Public Service Board heavily weighted a pledge by Vermont Gas to protect its current rate-payers from the cost increases of the project. The protection is outlined in a “cost recovery cap” the company committed to last year in an
agreement with the Vermont Department of Public Service. The agreement caps any rate increases associated with the project at 12 percent. A group of opponents to the project include 350Vermont and the Conservation Law Foundation. Both are environmental advocates that urge the state to move away from fossil fuels like natural gas in favor of renewable energy sources and stress the environmental impact of the hydraulic fracturing employed to release the underground gas that will flow through the pipe. Along with other opposition groups, they submitted a petition to the Public Service Board last Wednesday urging the board to rule against the pipeline. “Moving away from dirty fossil fuels and investing in local clean power is good for the economy, good for our earth and good for Vermonters,” University of Vermont Professor and Gund Institute for Ecological Economics fellow Jon Erickson said in a press release, arguing that investment in fossil fuel infrastructure prevents investments in renewable technologies. “Energy from wind, solar, biomass, hydro and geothermal systems promote in-state jobs and energy independence. They just make sense.” The opposition group predicted that
Vermont Gas will eventually abandon the cost recovery cap protection for rate-payers. “Ratepayers will not be able to enforce the agreement, and we have yet to see (the Department of Public Service) do anything but (Vermont Gas’) bidding since review of this pipeline began four years ago,” opposition groups Toxics Action Center and Just Power said in a joint statement Friday. “Customers are left with continued uncertainty about cost increases that will affect them decades into the future. When (the Department of Public Service) protects the utility rather than the public, the regulatory process as a whole is broken.” The group’s hinted at an appeal to Vermont Supreme Court. “With so much at stake for Vermonters’ safety, health and economy, we call on the board to reverse its decision and appoint independent counsel to represent the public immediately,” they said. “Vermonters deserve a fair and thorough review of this large-scale utility project. Under these circumstances, the only way the public good can be served is through effective representation by independent counsel – whether before the board or before the Supreme Court on appeal.”