Concepts of Fitness And Wellness A Comprehensive Lifestyle Approach 12th Edition By Charles Corbin –

Concepts of Fitness And Wellness A Comprehensive Lifestyle Approach 12th Edition

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Sample Test Concepts of Fitness and Wellness, 12e (Corbin) Chapter 3 Self­Management Skills for Health Behavior Change

1) Which of the following is NOT a stage of the Transtheoretical Model?

1. A) action 2. B) precontemplation 3. C) performance 4. D) maintenance

Answer: C

Topic: Understanding Stages of Change Learning Objective: Identify and define the five stages of change and explain how the stages relate to making lifestyle changes.

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2) Which of the following statements about self­management skills for health behavior change is TRUE? 1. A) Self­management skills are only needed for predisposing factors.

2. B) Practicing one healthy lifestyle ensures adherence to other lifestyles.

3. C) Outcome goals are recommended over behavioral goals since they are easier to achieve.

4. D) Most adults want to make lifestyle changes but find changes difficult to make.

Answer: D Topic: Understanding Stages of Change Learning Objective: Identify and define the five stages of change and explain how the stages relate to making lifestyle changes.

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3) Which of the following statements regarding health behaviors is TRUE? 1. A) Older adults are more likely to participate in regular physical activity than college students.

2. B) College students are more likely to eat poorly and abuse alcohol than older adults.

3. C) Smoking is an effective long­term weight maintenance strategy for college students.

4. D) Practicing one healthy behavior means you will practice another.

Answer: B Topic: Understanding Stages of Change Learning Objective: Identify and define the five stages of change and explain how the stages relate to making lifestyle changes.

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4) Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the Stages of Change model?

1. A) It can be applied to positive and negative lifestyles.

2. B) It was originally developed to help people understand how to eat healthier.

3. C) An individual who has purchased a nicotine patch is in the contemplation stage.

4. D) Relapse is a necessary step to achieving maintenance.

Answer: A Topic: Understanding Stages of Change Learning Objective: Identify and define the five stages of change and explain how the stages relate to making lifestyle changes.

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5) According to the Transtheoretical Model, individuals in the preparation stage would say which of the following?

1. A) I don’t want to change my behavior.

2. B) I am thinking about changing my behavior.

3. C) I am getting ready to make a change in my behavior.

4. D) I recently made some positive changes in my behavior.

Answer: C Topic: Understanding Stages of Change Learning Objective: Identify and define the five stages of change and explain how the stages relate to making lifestyle changes.

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6) Individuals in the precontemplation stage of the Transtheoretical Model would say which of the following?

1. A) I don’t want to change.

2. B) I am thinking about changing.

3. C) I am getting ready to make a change.

4. D) I have made some lifestyle changes.

Answer: A Topic: Understanding Stages of Change Learning Objective: Identify and define the five stages of change and explain how the stages relate to making lifestyle changes.

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7) The ultimate goal for any health behavior is to reach the stage of 1. A) contemplation.

2. B) preparation.

3. C) action.

4. D) maintenance.

Answer: D Topic: Understanding Stages of Change Learning Objective: Identify and define the five stages of change and explain how the stages relate to making lifestyle changes.

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8) Self­management skills 1. A) help an individual perform well at school and work.

2. B) can be useful in altering factors related to making lifestyle changes.

3. C) are learned primarily from one’s parents.

4. D) are established by a person’s genetic profile.

Answer: B Topic: Importance of Self­Management Skills Learning Objective: Describe the four key factors that influence health behaviors, describe components in each category, and explain how the factors relate to stages of change.

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9) Taking small steps to build success is an example of which self­ management skill?

1. A) balancing attitudes 2. B) overcoming barriers 3. C) building self­confidence 4. D) changing beliefs

Answer: C Topic: Importance of Self­Management Skills Learning Objective: Describe the four key factors that influence health behaviors, describe components in each category, and explain how the factors relate to stages of change.

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10) Which of the following self­management skills would be most likely to help someone to maintain motivation when faced by a challenge?

1. A) using social support 2. B) consumer skills 3. C) coping skills 4. D) time­management skills

Answer: A Topic: Importance of Self­Management Skills Learning Objective: Describe the four key factors that influence health behaviors, describe components in each category, and explain how the factors relate to stages of change.

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11) Self­efficacy and self­confidence are examples of which behavior change factor?

1. A) predisposing 2. B) reinforcing 3. C) enabling

4. D) personal

Answer: A Topic: Making Lifestyle Changes Learning Objective: Identify and describe the self­management skills that predispose and enable you to change and to reinforce changes once you have made them.

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12) Goal setting and self­assessment are examples of which behavior change factor?

1. A) predisposing 2. B) reinforcing 3. C) enabling 4. D) personal

Answer: C Topic: Making Lifestyle Changes Learning Objective: Identify and describe the self­management skills that predispose and enable you to change and to reinforce changes once you have made them.

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13) Reinforcing factors are important in adhering to lifestyle change because ________ generates continued motivation.

1. A) self­esteem 2. B) knowledge 3. C) coping 4. D) success

Answer: D Topic: Making Lifestyle Changes Learning Objective: Identify and describe the self­management skills that predispose and enable you to change and to reinforce changes once you have made them.

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14) Which of the following is TRUE regarding behavior change?

1. A) Predisposing factors lead to enabling factors.

2. B) Reinforcing factors are more important than enabling factors.

3. C) Enabling factors are important for people in the precontemplation stage.

4. D) Predisposing factors are most important for initiating behavior change.

Answer: D Topic: Making Lifestyle Changes Learning Objective: Identify and describe the self­management skills that predispose and enable you to change and to reinforce changes once you have made them.

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15) Which of the following behavioral skills is most important for people in the maintenance stage?

1. A) goal setting 2. B) self­efficacy 3. C) relapse prevention 4. D) balancing attitudes

Answer: C Topic: Making Lifestyle Changes Learning Objective: Identify and describe the self­management skills that predispose and enable you to change and to reinforce changes once you have made them.

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16) Confidence in your ability to perform a specific activity is called

1. A) self­monitoring.

2. B) self­efficacy.

3. C) self­assessment.

4. D) self­management.

Answer: B Topic: Making Lifestyle Changes Learning Objective: Identify and describe the self­management skills that predispose and enable you to change and to reinforce changes once you have made them.

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17) Finding a way to be active indoors during the winter months is an example of which self­management skill?

1. A) building knowledge 2. B) balancing attitudes 3. C) overcoming barriers 4. D) building self­confidence

Answer: C Topic: Making Lifestyle Changes Learning Objective: Identify and describe the self­management skills that predispose and enable you to change and to reinforce changes once you have made them.

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18) When an individual successfully resists the snack foods in the cafeteria at work, he or she ________ that help(s) to keep focus on long­term goals.

1. A) builds knowledge 2. B) builds self­confidence and motivation 3. C) balances attitudes 4. D) changes beliefs

Answer: B Topic: Making Lifestyle Changes Learning Objective: Identify and describe the self­management skills that predispose and enable you to change and to reinforce changes once you have made them.

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19) Learning to cope with problems, such as a lack of facilities or inadequate equipment, is known as 1. A) goal­setting.

2. B) preventing relapse.

3. C) finding social support.

4. D) overcoming barriers.

Answer: D Topic: Making Lifestyle Changes Learning Objective: Identify and describe the self­management skills that predispose and enable you to change and to reinforce changes once you have made them.

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20) Ex­smokers who learn methods of saying “no” to those who offer tobacco are practicing 1. A) social support.

2. B) goal setting.

3. C) self­planning.

4. D) relapse prevention.

Answer: D Topic: Making Lifestyle Changes Learning Objective: Identify and describe the self­management skills that predispose and enable you to change and to reinforce changes once you have made them.

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21) Reinforcing factors include 1. A) family.

2. B) friends.

3. C) health professionals.

4. D) All of these answers are correct.

Answer: D Topic: Making Lifestyle Changes Learning Objective: Identify and describe the self­management skills that predispose and enable you to change and to reinforce changes once you have made them.

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22) The construct of “I am able” is most related to which term?

1. A) self­efficacy 2. B) self­motivation 3. C) social support 4. D) balance of attitudes

Answer: A Topic: Making Lifestyle Changes

Learning Objective: Identify and describe the self­management skills that predispose and enable you to change and to reinforce changes once you have made them.

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23) Which theory or model posits that a person’s behavior is strongly influenced by the nature of the environment in which she or he lives?

1. A) Transtheoretical Model 2. B) Social Cognitive Theory 3. C) Social­Ecological Model 4. D) Theory of Reasoned Action

Answer: C Topic: Making Lifestyle Changes Learning Objective: Identify and describe the self­management skills that predispose and enable you to change and to reinforce changes once you have made them.

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24) Which step in program planning should come BEFORE setting goals?

1. A) identifying needs 2. B) reviewing history

3. C) evaluating environment 4. D) selecting program components

Answer: A Topic: Using Self­Management Skills Learning Objective: Identify and describe the six steps in self­planning and explain how they can be used to make personal plans for behavior change.

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25) When an individual uses a log to keep track of behavior, this involves practicing what type of skill?

1. A) self­assessment 2. B) self­monitoring 3. C) performance enhancing 4. D) time management

Answer: B Topic: Using Self­Management Skills Learning Objective: Identify and describe the six steps in self­planning and explain how they can be used to make personal plans for behavior change.

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26) When a person evaluates his or her own level of fitness and health, this is known as which type of skill?

1. A) self­assessment 2. B) goal­setting 3. C) planning 4. D) self­monitoring

Answer: A Topic: Using Self­Management Skills Learning Objective: Identify and describe the six steps in self­planning and explain how they can be used to make personal plans for behavior change.

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27) Which of the following is considered to be the first step in planning for healthy lifestyles?

1. A) identifying needs 2. B) setting goals 3. C) clarifying reasons 4. D) selecting program components

Answer: C Topic: Using Self­Management Skills

Learning Objective: Identify and describe the six steps in self­planning and explain how they can be used to make personal plans for behavior change.

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28) Which is TRUE of goal setting?

1. A) Beginners should set lofty goals.

2. B) Short­term goals should be based on outcomes.

3. C) Behavioral goals are easier to measure and monitor.

4. D) Goal setting is not important for health­related behaviors.

Answer: C Topic: Using Self­Management Skills Learning Objective: Identify and describe the six steps in self­planning and explain how they can be used to make personal plans for behavior change.

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29) Which of the following are characteristic of SMART goals?

1. A) specific, modifiable, temporary 2. B) specific, measurable, attainable 3. C) measurable, relatable, transferrable

4. D) strategic, maintainable, relevant

Answer: B Topic: Using Self­Management Skills Learning Objective: Identify and describe the six steps in self­planning and explain how they can be used to make personal plans for behavior change.

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30) The “M” in the acronym SMART stands for 1. A) Motivational.

2. B) Measurable.

3. C) Monitored.

4. D) Memorable.

Answer: B Topic: Using Self­Management Skills Learning Objective: Identify and describe the six steps in self­planning and explain how they can be used to make personal plans for behavior change.

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31) Which of the following is the best example of an outcome goal?

1. A) exercising 3 days a week 2. B) eating at least 5 servings of fruits and vegetables a day 3. C) losing 1 pound a week 4. D) smoking fewer than 5 cigarettes per day

Answer: C Topic: Using Self­Management Skills Learning Objective: Identify and describe the six steps in self­planning and explain how they can be used to make personal plans for behavior change.

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32) Trying to reach a daily step count goal of 10,000 steps with a pedometer is an example of a(n) ________ goal.

1. A) outcome 2. B) behavioral 3. C) self­assessment 4. D) performance

Answer: B Topic: Using Self­Management Skills Learning Objective: Identify and describe the six steps in self­planning and explain how they can be used to make personal plans for behavior change.

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Concepts of Fitness and Wellness, 12e (Corbin) Chapter 5 The Health Benefits of Physical Activity

1) Which of the following is FALSE about physical activity?

1. A) It increases risk for diabetes.

2. B) It is prescribed as a treatment for depression.

3. C) It has been shown to prevent cognitive decline during aging.

4. D) It boosts the effectiveness of the immune system.

Answer: A Topic: Physical Activity, Fitness, and Wellness Learning Objective: Explain the role of physical activity in promoting optimal wellness.

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2) Which of the following is TRUE about physical activity and aging?

1. A) Activity reduces risk for dementia in the elderly.

2. B) Activity prevent declines in cognitive function.

3. C) Activity can increase healthspan.

4. D) All of these answers are correct.

Answer: D Topic: Physical Activity, Fitness, and Wellness Learning Objective: Explain the role of physical activity in preventing conditions associated with aging.

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3) What is meant by “compression of morbidity”?

1. A) reducing the amount of exercise needed to reduce risk of CVD 2. B) reducing the amount of time it takes to achieve benefits from activity 3. C) shortening the total number of years that illnesses or disabilities occur 4. D) shortening the total number of years of life

Answer: C Topic: Physical Activity, Fitness, and Wellness Learning Objective: Explain the role of physical activity in promoting optimal wellness.

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4) Which of the following is considered a hypokinetic disease?

1. A) HIV 2. B) heart disease 3. C) herpes 4. D) hantavirus

Answer: B Topic: Physical Activity and Hypokinetic Disease Learning Objective: Define the term hypokinetic and explain how physical activity can reduce risk of hypokinetic diseases and conditions.

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5) Hypokinetic diseases refer to those that are caused by 1. A) inactivity.

2. B) infections.

3. C) high blood pressure.

4. D) high cholesterol.

Answer: A Topic: Physical Activity and Hypokinetic Disease Learning Objective: Define the term hypokinetic and explain how physical activity can reduce risk of hypokinetic diseases and conditions.

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6) The term “hypokinetic” literally refers to 1. A) low blood sugar.

2. B) low sugar.

3. C) low body temperature.

4. D) lack of movement.

Answer: D Topic: Physical Activity and Hypokinetic Disease Learning Objective: Define the term hypokinetic and explain how physical activity can reduce risk of hypokinetic diseases and conditions.

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7) Which of the following statements about heart disease and cardiovascular disease is TRUE? 1. A) Coronary heart disease is a type of cardiovascular disease.

2. B) A person can have heart disease, yet not have cardiovascular disease.

3. C) Heart disease is a precursor of cardiovascular disease.

4. D) Heart disease and cardiovascular disease are independent of each other.

Answer: A Topic: Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Health Learning Objective: Identify several cardiovascular diseases/conditions associated with physical inactivity and explain how physical activity can help reduce risk.

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8) Which of the following includes only primary risk factors for heart disease?

1. A) obesity, smoking, and c­reactive protein (CRP) 2. B) high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and stress 3. C) physical inactivity, stress, and high cholesterol 4. D) physical inactivity, high blood pressure, and smoking

Answer: D Topic: Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Health Learning Objective: Identify several cardiovascular diseases/conditions associated with physical inactivity and explain how physical activity can help reduce risk.

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9) Which of the following is defined as the inability of the heart muscle to pump blood at a life­sustaining rate?

1. A) coronary occlusion 2. B) coronary thrombosis 3. C) congestive heart failure 4. D) infarction

Answer: C Topic: Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Health Learning Objective: Identify several cardiovascular diseases/conditions associated with physical inactivity and explain how physical activity can help reduce risk.

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10) Which is NOT a primary risk factor for heart disease?

1. A) smoking 2. B) stress 3. C) hypertension 4. D) physical inactivity

Answer: B Topic: Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Health

Learning Objective: Identify several cardiovascular diseases/conditions associated with physical inactivity and explain how physical activity can help reduce risk.

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11) After participating in an exercise program, individuals should expect their resting heart rate to ________, reflecting a positive training adaptation.

1. A) increase 2. B) decrease 3. C) stay the same 4. D) vary each time taken

Answer: B Topic: Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Health Learning Objective: Identify several cardiovascular diseases/conditions associated with physical inactivity and explain how physical activity can help reduce risk.

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12) Beneficial proteins in the bloodstream that pick up cholesterol for removal by the liver are called 1. A) lipids.

2. B) triglycerides.

3. C) high­density lipoproteins.

4. D) low­density lipoproteins.

Answer: C Topic: Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Health Learning Objective: Identify several cardiovascular diseases/conditions associated with physical inactivity and explain how physical activity can help reduce risk.

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13) All fats and fatty substances in the bloodstream are referred to as 1. A) fibrin.

2. B) leukocytes.

3. C) lipids.

4. D) leptin.

Answer: C Topic: Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Health Learning Objective: Identify several cardiovascular diseases/conditions associated with physical inactivity and explain how physical activity can help reduce risk.

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14) Auxiliary blood vessels that take over normal coronary blood circulation when blood flow is diminished are called 1. A) collateral circulation.

2. B) corollary circulation.

3. C) athero circulation.

4. D) coronary thrombosis.

Answer: A Topic: Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Health Learning Objective: Identify several cardiovascular diseases/conditions associated with physical inactivity and explain how physical activity can help reduce risk.

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15) What is the name of the substance that forms a blood clot when combined with blood cells?

1. A) lipids 2. B) fibrin 3. C) lipoprotein 4. D) hemoglobin

Answer: B Topic: Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Health Learning Objective: Identify several cardiovascular diseases/conditions associated with physical inactivity and explain how physical activity can help reduce risk.

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16) Laura has a total cholesterol value of 242 mg/dl. This value would place her in which category?

1. A) optimal 2. B) desirable 3. C) borderline 4. D) high risk

Answer: D Topic: Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Health Learning Objective: Identify several cardiovascular diseases/conditions associated with physical inactivity and explain how physical activity can help reduce risk.

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17) Which of the following would represent an optimal or desirable blood lipid profile?

1. A) LDL > 200 and HDL > 60 2. B) total cholesterol < 240 3. C) LDL < 100, HDL > 60 4. D) LDL < 100, total cholesterol < 300

Answer: C Topic: Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Health Learning Objective: Identify several cardiovascular diseases/conditions associated with physical inactivity and explain how physical activity can help reduce risk.

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