STs. NATIONAL
M端SEUM
CATALOGUE OF THE NEOTROPICAL SQUAMATA
PART
IL
LIZARDS AND AMPHISBAENIANS
UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 297
Catalogue of the Neotropical Squamata
Part
11.
Lizards and Amphisbaenians/
JAMES
A.
PETERS
United States National
Museum
and
ROBERTO DONOSO-BARROS Universidad de Concepci贸n Concepci贸n, Chile
With the collaboration of Braulio Orejas-Miranda
Museum
of Natural History
Montevideo, Uruguay
SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION PRESS City of Washington
1970
Publications of the United States National The
scientific publications
of the United States Na-
Museum
include two series, Proceedings of the united States National Museum and United States
tional
National
Museum
Bulletin.
Museum
cation date of each paper recorded in the table of contents of the volume.
In the Bulletin
series, the first
of which was issued in
1875, a,ppear longer, separate publications consisting of
In these series are published original articles and monographs dealing with the collections and work of the Museum and setting forth newly acquired facts in the fields of anthropology, biology, geology, history, and technology. Copies of each publication are dis-
and and others interested in the various subjects. The Proceedings, begun in 1878, are intended for the publication, in separate form, of shorter papers. These are gathered in volumes, octavo in size, with the publitributed to libraries and scientific organizations specialists
to
monographs (occasionally in several parts) and volumes in which are collected works on related subjects. Bulletins are either octavo or quarto in size, depending
on the needs of the presentation. Since 1902, papers relating to the botanical collections of the Museum have been published in the Bulletin series under the heading Contributions from the
united States National
Herbarium. This work forms number 297 of the Bulletin
series.
Frank A. Tatlok Museum
Director, united States National
U.S.
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
WASHINGTON
:
1970
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing OflSce Washington, D.C. 20402 - Price $6.75 per set of 2 volumes, sold in sets only
INTRODUCTION This catalogue represents an attempt to make it possible for participants in the International Biological Program working in Latin America to identify the lizards encountered in the field. It was originally planned to include information on the ecology and ethology of the reptilian species, to permit field investigators to distinguish the unusual ecological event from the commonplace occurrence, but time has not permitted the inclusion of that degree of detail. We have instead focussed our attentions on the construction of a workable field manual with keys designed to help identification without laboratory facilities. We have not been entirely successful, because a few taxa cannot be separated without the use of a dissecting microscope or the checking of internal characteristics, but for the most part the keys can be used with little more than a hand lens for specimen examination.
Este catálogo representa un intento de posibilitar la identificación de lagartijas encontradas en el campo a los participantes del International Biological Program que trabajan en Sudamérica. Originariamente se había planeado la inclusión de información ecológica y etológica de las especies de reptiles, para permitir al investigador de campaña la distinción entre acontecimientos ecológicos desusados y los que son lugar común, pero la falta de tiempo impidió la inclusion de tal grado de detalles. En cambio hemos concentrado nuestra atención en la elaboración de un manual de campaña funcional con claves diseñadas para ayudar a la identificación sin las facilidades de un laboratorio. No hemos tenido éxito en todo porque unos pocos taxones no pueden ser separados sin usar el microscopio de disección o sin examinar las características internas, pero en su mayoría las claves se pueden usar con poco mas que un lente de aumento con que examinar el ejemplar.
The limits we have established for the area covered by this work are from the border between Mexico and' Guatemala south throughout continental South America and all off-shore islands within the continental shelf. The Galapagos and the islands of the Caribbean are not included.
Los límites que hemos establecido para el área cubierta por este trabajo son desde la frontera entre Méjico y Guatemala hasta el extremo sur de Sudamérica continental y todas las islas Las costeras dentro de la plataforma continental. islas Galápagos y del Caribe no han sido incluidas.
The synonymies presented for the taxa are Within each genus we include very abbreviated. only those generic synonyms whose type species are considered to belong to the genus under discussion. Only the original description for each genus is included, with no attempt made to document changes in the "generic concept". The type species, when given, has always been previously designated as such, unless we clearly indicate that we are taking We apologize for our such an action at this time. failure to indicate the method of type designation, but time did not permit us to undertake this difficult task. For each species we have included the original citation to it, its first assignment to its current generic position if other than as originally assigned, all "absolute" synonyms (i.e., those in which the holotype, lectotype, or neotype belongs to the species in which the synonym occurs), and, whenever possible, a citation to a recent work which includes a modern descripti"jnd/or a figure, to aid the user in identificati No other generic shifts, no misidentifications, and no "in part" references are included. The author's name is not separated in any way from the binomial in the citations to original descriptions. In all other citations, the author's name is separated from the binomial by a dash. Each citation includes the actual date of publication; the name exactly as it was spelled by the original author, including capitalization of specific names; the author; the journal; the volume or the number, which stands alone if possible but which is qualified by material in parentheses if necessary; the page on which the taxon is first named; illustrations; and finally the type locality, with summaries of any restrictions or later clarifications of it.
Los sinónimos de los taxones presentados están muy abreviados. En cada género se incluyen solamente aquellos sinónimos genéricos cuya especie tipo es considerada como perteneciente al género en discusión. Se incluye solamente la descripción original de cada género, no hemos intentado documentar cambios en el "concepto genérico". Siempre que damos la especie tipo es porque ha sido designada como tal previamente, a menos que indiquemos claramente que hemos tomado Lamentamos no poder indicar el aquí tal medida. método de designación de tipos, pero la falta de tiempo no nos permite emprender tal difícil tarea, En cada especie hemos incluido su cita original, su primera asignación a la posición genérica corriente si es que se le ha asignado otra distinta que la original, todos los sinónimos "absolutos^' (ej.: aquéllos en que el holotipo o neotipo pertenece a la especie en que ocurre el sinónimo) y, -"' ''-'' .-.l_-_ _ ''- de cuando una- cita posible, un trabajo reciente que incluye una descripción moderna y/o una figura, para -ayudar al usuario _. .„ en ^.. »la identifica.. ..g_._, ,,_._ ¡ ción. No se incluye ninguna otra transferencia genérica, identificación falsa o referenda "parcial". El nombre del autor no ha sido separado de ningún modo del binomio en las citas de las descripciones originales. En todas las otras citas el nombre del autor está separado del binomio por un guión. Cada cita incluye la fecha efectiva de la publicación; el nombre con la misma ortografía que usó autor, incluyendo nombres específicos con mayúscula; -el autor; la revista; el volumen o el número, por sí solos si es posible o con material aclaratorio entre paréntesis si es necesario; la página en que se nombra al taxón por primera vez; ilustraciones y, finalmente la localidad tipo con resúmenes de cualquier restricción o aclaración posterior.
—
.
i
INTRODUCTION
We have attempted to avoid any non-documented taxonomic changes in this catalogue, although it has proven necessary to make a few modifications When we have made such changes, we in some taxa. indicate it by the words "new combination" after the species heading, and we have given our reasons In those genera for so doing in the "Comments". prepared by cooperating herpetologists, however, we have not prevented the presentation of his concepts of the alignment of species within the genus, even though documentation has not been published In every insta.nce we have ascertained elsewhere. that prompt publication of documentation is anticipated before including the changes, but we In all cannot guarantee that it will be done. cases where material has been furnished by a cooperator, his name and address will be found at the beginning of the generic discussion, and he should be given full credit in any citations of that material.
Hemos tratado de evitar en este catálogo todos los cambios taxonómicos que no estuvieran documentados, si bien fue necesario hacer unas Cuando pocas modificaciones en algunos taxones. se han hecho tales cambios lo indicamos con las palabras "new combination" después del título de la especie y explicamos nuestra razones para el Sin embargo en aquellos cambio en "Comments". géneros preparados por nuestros colaboradores herpetologos no hemos impedido la presentación de sus conceptos en el ordenamiento de las especies dentro del género, aun cuando no hubiera docuEn cada caso mentación previamente publicada. hemos solicitado la pronta publicación de documentación antes de introducir tales cambios, pero En todos no podemos garantizar que así se haga. los casos en que un colaborador ha proporcionado material hemos puesto su nombre y dirección al comienzo de la discusión del género y a él le corresponde todo el crédito cuando dicho material sea c tado. i
The date of publication is always the actual date, insofar as we could determine it, and it does not always agree with the date given in the publication itself. When there is a difference, the latter date is given in parentheses after the volume number^ The only exception to this is volWe ume 4 of the Memorias do Instituto Butantan. learned too late to modify all of the many citations to this volume that it actually appeared in 1530, not 1525, as stated on the cover. All other volumes in the Memorias are cited here by actual year of publication, which is usually one or two years later than indicated on the publication.
La fecha de publicación es siempre la fecha real en la medida en que se pueda determinar ésta y no siempre coincide con la fecha dada por la publicación misma. En tales casos esta última aparece entre paréntesis después del número del Una excepción es el volumen 4 de las Memvolumen. orias do Instituto Buiántan. Cuando era demasiado tarde para modificar las numerosas citas de este volumen descubrimos que en realidad había aparecido en I53O, no en I925. Los demás volúmenes de las Memorias son citados aquí con el año efectivo de de la publicación, que es usualmente uno o dos alios más tarde del indicado en la portada,
The distribution given for each taxon is based on information in the literature, with additions and extensions from specimens we have been Some of our able to find in various collections. changes in known distribution have been documented, but we have made no attempt to do so for every modification we have included.
La distribución dada en cada taxón se basa en información sacada de la literatura con adiciones basados en ejemplares que hemos enconagregados y Algunos de nuestros trado en varias colecciones. cambios en la distribución conocida han sido docudocumentar todas intentado mentados, pero no hemos las modificaciones incluidas por nosotros.
The names of all political and geographic units within any country have been given as spelled by that country, but country names have been given in English usage, so that "Brasil" is "Brazil" and "Panamá" is "Panama". Where names but not boundaries have been changed, we use the modern name, even in the citation of type localities. Thus, all localities in "British Guiana" are here given as "Guyana". We have corrected errors in orthography throughout, if we could suecessfully document the error. Our primary source has been the series of gazetteers prepared by the United States Board on Geographic Names, although many additional sources have been checked.
Se dan los nombres de todas las unidades políticas y geográficas dentro de cada país de acuerdo a la ortografía de ese país, pero los nombres de los países se han escrito según la ortografía inglesa, así "Brasil" es "Brazil" y Donde los nombres han "Panamá" es "Panama". cambiado, pero no las fronteras, usamos el nombre Así aquí moderno, aún al citar localidades tipo. nos referimos a todos las localidades en "British Guiana" como "Guyana". Hemos corregido todos los errores ortografieos que pudieran ser documentados debidamente. Nuestra principal fuente de información ha sido la serie de gacetas preparadas por Board on Geographic Names del gobierno de los Estados Unidos, aunque también hemos consultado muchas otras fuentes.
Most of the keys presented here are the standard dichotomous type, although occasionally we have found it useful to include "trichotomies" and the user should watch for this possibility. In such instances, of course, a choice is made from three possibilities rather than two. In the case of very large genera, however, we have intro-
La mayoría de las claves aquí presentadas son del tipo dicotómico común, aunque ocasionalmente ha sido conveniente incluir "tricotomías", y el usuario debe estar al tanto de esta posibilidad. En tales ocasiones, naturalmente, hay que elegir No obsentre tres posibilidades en vez de dos. tante en el caso de géneros muy grandes se ha
INTRODUCTION Any attempt at writing duced a different concept. keys for poorly l<nown, large genera is likely to be futile, and we have avoided this by presenting as much data as possible in the form of a matrix. This permits "random entry" identification, for the user can select any character in the matrix he wishes to check, and eliminate all taxa that do not possess that character, finally arriving at a considerably reduced number of taxa (hopefully, only one) after checking a series of characters. This concept has formed the basis of computer identification, since the machine can do such sorting more rapidly and efficiently than the human, and the random entry matrices presented here are organized in such a way that they can be incorporated in the computer programs now available for such machine sorting. It is our assumption that this method of identification will be used more and more in the future, and we hope that presenting these matrices will encourage others to begin to organize their data similarly, thus anticipating the day when computer keys are available to all users. A work of this magnitude becomes very dependent upon the cooperation and collaboration of many people. We wish to express our gratitude to all those who have helped us in any way. The following list indicates the number of individuals who have contributed to this work. While we have tried to make the list inclusive, the omission of anyone who has aided us should be regarded solely as the consequence of the faulty nature of our memories rather than failure to appreciate the help.
introducido un concepto diferente. Probablemente resultaría inútil intentar escribir una clave de un genero grande, poco conocido, hemos evitado esto al presentar la mayor cantidad de datos posibles en forma de una matriz. Esto permite la identificacion de "entradas al azar," por que el usuai— io puedo seleccionar dentro de la matriz cualquier carácter que desee poner a prueba y eliminar todos los taxones que no posean tal carácter, llegando finalmente a un número sumamente reducido de taxones (es de esperar que sea uno solo) después de revi§ar una serie de caracteres. Este concepto constituye la base de la identificación por computadora, ya que esta máquina puede selecccionar más rápida y eficazmente que el ser humano y las matrices de entradas al azar presentadas aquT están organizadas en tal forma que se las puede incorporar en los programas para computadoras ahora disponibles para tal selección automática. Suponemos que este método de identificación ae usará cada vez más en el futuro y esperamos que la presentacion de estas matrices alentará a otros a empezar a organizar sus datos en forma similar, previendo asf el d'a en que haya claves para computadoras disponibles para todos los usuarios. Un trabajo de esta magnitud depende en alto grado de la cooperación de mucha gente. La siguiente lista indica el número de personas que han contribuido a esta obra. Aunque hemos tratado de incluir a todos en esta lista, la omisión de alguno de los que nos ayudaron debe ser considerada solamente como consecuencia de la naturaleza defectuosa de nuestra memoria, pero no como una inhabilidad de apreciar la ayuda recibida.
(in alphabetical order); Fernando Achaval, Avelino Barrio, Charles Bogert, Werner Bokermann, Simon Campden-Ma n, Nelly Carrillo de Espinoza, Antenor de Carvalho, Ronald Crombie, Carlos Diefenbach, James Dixon, Arthur Echternacht, Richard Etheridge, Marcos Freiberg, Jose Gallardo, Carl Cans, Robert Inger, George Jacobs, Miguel Klappenbach, Arnold Kluge, Abdem Lancini, Clarence McCoy, James McKenney, Niceforo Mar'a, Marta Miranda, Olaf Oftedal, Gustavo Orcés-V., Neil Richmond, Carlos R vero-Blanco, Richard Sage, Jay Savage, Wade Sherbrooke, Hobart Smith, Robert Tuck, Thomas Uzzell, Paulo Vanzolini, Ernest Williams, George Zug. i
i
In addition to the above, we wish also to acknowledge several specific contributions to the work involved in the production of this volume. By far the bulk of the typing work was done by Jean Middleton, and the overall appearance of the text owes a great deal to her attention to detail, layout, arrangement, and so on. She functioned as a general manager of the entire project, and we cannot overestimate the magnitude of her contribution. Beatriz Moisset Peters spent many hours translating and correcting the Spanish versions of the text after one of us (Donoso) returned to South America, and she also has contributed greatly to our overall accuracy. Additional typing assistance came from Mrs. Richard Banks and Dolores Icarangal. The figures in the text unless otherwise indicated were drawn by Thomas Yuskiw, with the exception of those illustrating the genus L olaemus . which were done by Roberto Donoso. We wish finally to record our debt to Braulio Orejas Miranda, who worked with us on this catalogue. He perhaps should have been recorded as an author rather than as a collaborator, since all three of us have worked closely together on the entire project. i
Además de los mencionados, deseamos espresar nuestro reconocimiento por varias contribuciones específicas referentes a la producción de este volumen. Jean Middleton mecanografió la mayor parte de este trabajo y la apariencia general del texto ganó mucho gracias a su interés en los detalles. Ella operó como administradora general de todo el proyecto y no es posible sobreestimar el valor de su contribución. Beatriz Moisset Peters dedicó muchas horas a la traducción y corrección de la version en español después uno de También nosotros (Donoso) regresara a Sudamérica. contribuyó en gran medida a la exactitud del Las señoras Richard Banks y Dolores trabajo. Icarangal mecanografiaron el resto del trabajo. Las figuras del texto fueron hechas por Thomas Yuskiw a menos que se especifique otra cosa, excepto las que ilustran el género L olaemus que fueron hechas por Roberto Donoso. Finalmente deseamos expresar nuestra deuda para con Braulio Orejas Miranda, que trabajó con nosotros en este catálogo. Talvez se lo debería incluir como uno de los autores en vez de colaborador, ya que los tres trabajamos en estrecho contacto a través de todo el proyecto. i
vili INTRODUCTION
We are concerned that the users of this catalogue may regard everything presented as of equal value and significance, since there are considerable differences in the comparative reliability of the information given from one genus to in order to forestall assumptions of another. equivalent reliability, we have devised a code to Indicate an evaluation of the information presented The user will note one to four for each genus. These stars In the heading line for every genus. significance; following stars have the
Low reliability. Keys and synonymies One Star: prepared by us from existing literature;
difficultles encountered by us because of insufficient descriptions, non-availability of crltical specimens, or other reasons; manuscript not checked by outside reviewer, since no one is currently engaged in revisionary In the study of the genus, to our knowledge. case of monotypic genera, one star means we have reasons to doubt its validity as a distinct genus.
Nos preocupa la posibilidad de que los usuarios de este catálogo vayan a dar Igual valor o significado a las distintas partes del mismo, ya que la seguridad de la información suministrada var'a considerablemente de unos géneros a otros, Para evitar que se llegue a la conclusión de que toda la información es Igualmente digna de confianza hemos ideado un código que valore la calidad de la Información presentada en cada género. El usuario verá de una a cuatro estrellas en el encabezamiento de cada género. Estas tienen el siguiente significado:
Una Estrella: Poca confianza. Claves y slnónimos preparados exclusivamente por nosotros a partir de la literatura existente; diflculfades halladas por nosotros a causa de des-
cripciones Insuficientes, espec'menes cr'tlcos no disponibles u otras razones; el manuscrito no ha sido revisado por nadie de afuera ya que no sabemos de nadie que esté ocupado en hacer un estudio de revisión del género en el momento En el caso de géneros monot'picos una actual. estrella significa que tenemos motivos para dudar de su validez como género aparte,
Two Stars:
Moderate reliability. Keys and synonymies prepared almost entirely by us, but usually checked against specimens and adequate information in the literature; manuscript often reviewed externally, although not necessarily by specialist actively studying genus. Further study needed to give better understanding of
Moderada confianza. Claves y sinónimos preparados casi totalmente por nosconfrontados con especlpero usualmente otros, menes e Información adecuada en la literatura; manuscrito a menudo revisado por alquien de afuera, aunque no necesariamente por un especiaSe necesita mas estudio lista en ese género. para comprender mejor ese genero,
Dos Estrellas:
genus.
Three stars. Good reliability. Keys and synonymies prepared either by us in consultation with a specialist or by the expert himself, or modified from monographs, checklists, or regional studies. Added work is usually in progress on the genus by the specialist, and we anticipate early publication by him to Improve our understanding even more. Four Stars. High reliability. Manuscript either prepared externally, in which case the author is acknowledged in the heading material; or taken by us from a very recent generic monograph summarizing the literature and including all available specimens for study. We have submitted this "reliability" list to all
external authors and asked for their opinion before assigning the code, so it can be considered an indication of the author's personal evaluation. rather than ours.
The work on this catalogue was supported by Smithsonian Research Award to the senior author. The catalogue is listed as project no. 2 In the U.S.A. section of Section CT (Conservation Terrestrialj of the International Biological Program.
a
Tres Estrellas: Bastante confianza. Claves y sinónimos preparados por nosotros en consulta con un especialista o por el experto mismo o modificados de monograffas, listas de especies o estudios regionales. Usualmente hay trabajo adicional en marcha del especialista en el genero, y anticipamos su pronta publicación para mejorar aun más nuestra comprensión del mismo,
Cuatro Estrellas. Mucha confianza. Manuscrito o bien preparado afuera en cuyo caso se nombra al autor en el encabezamiento o preparado por nosotros a partir de una monografía muy reciente que resume la literatura e incluye todos los espec'menes disponibles para estudio. Hemos presentado esta lista de "dignidad de confianza" a todos los autores de afuera y pedido su opinión antes de asignar el código, as' que se la puede considerar como indicación de una valoración del autor antes que nuestra.
El trabajo del catálogo fue sufragado por Smithsonian Research Award al autor principal. El catálogo figura como proyecto no. 2 en la parte de los Estados Unidos de la Sección CT (Conservación Terrestre) del Programa Biológico Internacion-
al.
KEY TO THE GENERA OF LIZARDS AND AMPHISBAENlANS^
1,
At least one pair of limbs present, although
may be very reduced No trace of limbs externally
2.
g.
Venter covered either with large, squarish, juxtaposed, plate-like scales or with large, smooth, imbricate, cycloid scales 3 Venter covered either with numerous small, rounded or pointed, imbricate or subimbricate scales, either smooth or keeled, or with very small, granular scales 8
Large number of scales on dorsum of head, most either knobby or granular in appearance
2.
Vientre cubierto de escamas grandes, cuadradas, yuxtapuestas, laminares o bien de escamas cicloides, grandes, lisas, imbricadas 3
Vientre cubierto de numerosas escamas chicas, redondeadas o puntudas, imbricadas o subimbricadas, lisas o guilladas, o bien de escamas 8 muy chicas granulares Gran número de escamas en dorso de la cabeza, la mayoría de aspecto granular o nudoso
3. 4
Scales on dorsum of head large and plate-like, few in numbei
5.
Por lo menos con un par de extremidades, aunque 2 pueden estar muy reducidas Sin trazas de extremidades externamente 5
5
,
4.
1. 2
^
Escamas del dorso de la cabeza grandes nares, en número reducido
5
y
lami5
Third and fourth digits on hind limb equal or subequal in length; no enlarged supraocular scales Heloderma Fourth digit of hind limb considerably longer than third; several enlarged, plate-like supraocular scales Xenosaurus
4.
Longitud de tercer y cuarto dedos de extremidad posterior igual o casi igual; sin escamas supra oculares di la tadas Heloderma Cuarto dedo de extremidad posterior considerablemente más largo que el tercero; varias escamas supraoculares dilatadas, laminares Xenosaurus
Fewer than two pairs of scales between rostral and first median unpaired scale on head (Figs.
5»
Menos de dos pares de escamas entre rostral y primera escama media impar de la cabeza (Figs. 2,3) .. „6 Dos u más pares de escamas siguen a la rostral antes de la primera escama media impar de la l) cabeza (Fig, 14
2,
6
3)
Two or more pairs of scales following rostral before first median unpaired scale on head (Fig. 14 1)
Fig. 1. D ploalossus . with two pairs of scales between rostral and first i
unpaired plate (from Bocourt,1875)' 6.
Scales of dorsum differing from those of venter; femoral pores often present Scales of dorsum same as those of venter, cycloid; no femoral pores
7.
Eyelid movable or absent Eyelid fixed, not movable-
Escamas del dorso diferentes de las 7 ventrales; a menudo con poros femorales Escamas del dorso igual que las del vientre, cicloideas; sin poros femorales 15
— 22
- Lep
7.
idophyma
Parpado movible o ausentePárpado fijo, no movible —
- Lep
22 idophyma
Upper surface of head covered with scales of variable size, often plate-like, but never 68 granular Upper surface of head covered with minute, IO3 granular scales
8.
Superficie superior de la cabeza cubierta de escamas de distinto tamaños, a menudo lami68 nares pero nunca granulares Superficie superior de la cabeza cubierta de IO3 escamas granulares, diminutas
Snout shovel-shaped, with horizontal edge Head rounded, pointed or vertically keeled
9.
Hocico en forma de pala con borde hor zontal-10 Cabeza redondeada, puntuda o quillada 11 ve rt cálmente
10 11
i
i
The genus Garbesaura Amaral this key.
is
not
included
in
No se
clave.
incluye el género Garbesaura Amaral en esta
GENERIC KEY
1Ü. Rostral folded around center of horizontal edge; three pairs of regular, paired shields, but no azygous ones, behind rostral along midline of head; tail very short and blunt but with well-marked narrow autotomy constrict on-
10. Rostral plegada alrededor del centro del borde horizontal; le siguen tres pares de escudos
regulares, apareados, pero ningún azygos a lo largo de la 1 Tnea media de la cabeza; cola muy corta y roma con constricción autotóm ica angosbien marcada ta Auiura Rostral excluido del centro del borde horizontal; un o mas escudos azygos a lo largo de la linea media en superficie dorsal de la cabeza; cola sin constricción autotómica Leposternon
i
Auluna Rostral excluded from center of horizontal edge; one or more azygous shields along midline on dorsal surface of head; tail lacking ^ Leposternon autotomy constricti on
rostral enlarged, extending posteriorly, separating nasals, prefrontals, and sometimes frontals; keel occasionally keratinized; tail tip may bear vertical ridge; 12 tail lacks autotomy plane Head not keel-shaped; rostral not separating frontals and prefrontals 13
ll.Cabeza en forma de quilla; rostral dilatado se extiende hacia posterior, separando las nasales, prefrontales y, a veces las frontales; quilla a veces querat n izada; ápice de la 12 cola sin plano autotómico Cabeza no en forma de quilla; rostral no separa a los frontales y prefrontales 13
in broad contact on midline; rostral process rarely keratinized; mental in contact nf ralab ials; two prewith first and second cloacal pores on each side separated by median hiatus; tail tip with doubled vertical ridge-Mesobaena Frontals and prefrontals separated by rostral; rostral process heavily keratinized in adults; mental in contact with first infralabials only; four precloacal pores in single row, their presence and size reflecting sexual dimorphism; tail tip elliptical AnoDs
12.
11. Head keel-shaped;
12. Frontals
i
13. Rostral
in broad contact with prefrontals, restricting small nasals to s ides of vert ically compressed head; two pairs of precloacal pores separated by median hiatus Bron ia Rostral without or with only narrow median contact with prefrontals, unless they have fused with nasals; variable number of precloacal pores in single row of precloacal segments without median hiatus Amph isbaena
14.A11 four limbs present With hind limbs only, very reduced and flap1
ike
i
:
Frontales en contacto amplio en la línea media; proceso rostral raramente querat n izado; mental en contacto con primera y segunda inf ralab ¡ales; dos poros precloacales a cada lado separados por un hiato medio; punta de la cola con dos crestas verticales Mesobaena Frontales y prefrontales separados por rostral; proceso rostral densamente querat in izado en adultos; mental en contacto con primeras inf ralab iales solamente; cuatro poros precloacales en una sola hilera, su presencia y tamaño reflejan dimorfismo sexual; punta de la cola el'pt ica Anops i
en amplio contacto con prefrontales, restringiendo los pequeños nasales a los lados de la cabeza comprimida vert icalmente;" dos
13. Rostral
pares de poros precloacales separados por hiato med o Bron ia Rostral no contacta o sólo contacta ligeramente con los prefrontales en línea media a menos que estos estén fusionados con los nasales; numero variable de poros precloacales en una sola hilera de segmentos precloacales sin hiato med o Amph isbaena i
i
15
14. Con cuatro extremidades
Ophiodes
15. Body covered with plate-like scales-
I5
Solo con extremidades posteriores, muy reducidas y como colgajo Oph iodes 15.Cuerpo cubierto de escamas laminares 16
Body covered with finely striated cycloid scales of more or less uniform size
iS.Lateral fold weakly developed Lateral fold strongly developed
Cuerpo cubierto de escamas cicloides, finamente estriadas de tamaño mas o menos uniforme 18
I7
ly.More than six scales in a single row across nape of neck Coloptychon Six or fewer scales in a single row across nape
Abron IS.Claw retractile
16. Pliegue lateral ligeramente desarrollado-
17 Gerrhonotus
ia
into terminal sheath Diploqlossus Claw not retractile into terminal sheath Celestus
Gerrhonotus
Pliegue lateral muy desarrollado
17'Más de seis escamas en cada hilera a través de la nuca Coloptychon Seis o menos escamas en cada hilera a través de la nuca Abron ia IB. Uña
retráctil en vaina terminal -D
iploqlossus
Uña no retráctil en vaina terminal-
Celestus
GENERIC KEY
15. Pair" of scales on dorsum of
head between ros(Fig. tral and first unpaired median scale 2
)
Rostral (Fig.
IJ-Pares de escamas en dorso de la cabeza entre rostral y primera escama media impar (Fig. 2 20
Rostral en contacto con escama (Fig.
21
3)
2. Eumeces with one pair scales between rostral and first unpaired plate.
Fig.
impar media
3)
21
Fig. 3- Le olop sma . with rostral and first unpaired plate
.
i
of
in
20. Temporal area between eye and ear opening
i
contact.
temporal entre ojo y orificio ótico cubierto de escamas dilatadas, bien diferenciadas Eumeces Zona temporal cubierta de escamas similares a las de cuerpo Mabuya
20. Zona
covered with enlarged, well-differentiated scales Eumeces Temporal area covered with scales similar in appearance to body scales Mabuya 21. Eyelid fixed,
21. Párpado fijo,
transparent, covering eye Ablepharus in place over eye
transparente, cubriendo el ojo Ablepharus
Párpado movible, no fijo sobre el ojo
Eyelid movable, not fixed
Le iolopi sma
Le iolop isma 22, Anterior nasal scales
in
nasales anteriores en contacto entre rostral y frontonasal 23 Escamas nasales anteriores separadas por rostral y frontonasal 33
contact between ros-
22. Escamas
tral and frontonasal 23 Anterior nasal scales separated by rostral and frontonasal 33 23. L imbs present, normal
24 normales Extremidades rudimentarias, con forma de Oph iognomon elavi jas
23.Ex trem idades presentes,
24
Limbs rudimentary, peg-like Oph ¡oonomon 24. Five toes on hind foot Four toes on hind foot
25
24.
Cinco dedos en extremidad posterioi
Te ius
-25 Te ius
Cuatro dedos en extremidad posterioi 25.
'^0 keeled tubercles on dorsum Dorsum with scattered keeled tubercles
25. Sin
26
row of tubercles on dorsum of tail
.
26. Sin doble hilera la cola
27
2')
Ventral scales keeled
28
28. Femoral pores present
Kentropyx Monoplocus
Femoral pores absent
"Tbis monotypic genus Monoplocus dorsal s is of dubious validity. It has never been taken since GUnther described it (Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1859, 404). (
i
)
26
de tubérculos en el dorso de
27
Con doble hilera de tubérculos en el dorso de Crocod ilurus la cola
With double row of tubercles on dorsum of tailCrocod ilurus 27. Ventral scales smooth
tubérculos quillados en el dorso
Dorso con tubérculos quillados dispersos Dracaena
Dracaena
26. No double
)
20
contact with unpaired median scale
in
ventrales lisas Escamas ventrales quilladas-
27. Escamas
28. Con poros femorales -*-
Sin poros femorales
Kentropyx Monoplocus
'Este género monotTpico ( Monoplocus dorsal is es bastante discutido y desde la descripción de Günthe--, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, I859, 404, no existen observaciones directas. )
-^
GENERIC KEY
30 istes
29.Con poros femoralesSin poros femorales-
31
3''»Sln poros preanales-
Tup nambis
Con poros preanales-
25. Femoral pores present-
Femoral pores absent —
- Gallop
30.Preanal pores absentPreanal pores present-
-
i
31. Posterior teeth compressed longitudinally, or tricusp id
bi32
Posterior teeth compressed transversely, Dicrodon b cusp id i
32. Tongue with posterior fold and entire glottal
Ame iva part Tongue lacks posterior fold, with divided Cnem idophorus glottal part
—
33»Ear opening absent Ear opening present-
- CalloD
31 -
i
Bach
i
32'Lengua con pliegue posterior entera Lengua sin pliegue posterior
y
parte glotal
y
parte glotal Cnem idophorus
A me iva
d vi di da i
i
a
31.Extremidades normales Extremidades rudimentarias
35'Con pliegue guiar
o
collar-
Sin pliegue guiar
o
collar-
36. Eyelids absent
37 -38
Eyelids present-
Anotosaurus Heterodactylus
f rontopar
etales Gymnophthalmus
36. Sin párpados-
Con parpados-
frontoparietals absent Gymnoph thalmus Prefrontals absent; frontoparietals present M icrablepharus (Fig. 5)
37- Pi'sf rontales presentes; ausentes (Fig. 4)
4. Gymnophthalmus . with prefrontals.
Fig.
37. Prefrontals present; (Fig. 4)
Prefrontales ausentes; presentes (Fig. 5)
5'
M
transparent disl<g^ 45
scales larger than dorsals-
f rontopar
i
etals.
.Parpado inferior pigmentado, sin disco transparente 39 Párpado inferior con disco transparente 45
39. Escamas
ventrales más grandes que las dorsales.
Ar-qal ia
6)
4Q
—
Ventral scales notably smaller than dorsals
40. Prefrontals present (Fig.
¡
ietales M icrablepharus
icrablepharus . with
f rontopar
Lower eyelid with transparent disk
ia
-
- Heterodactylus
lacl<s
35
Bach
Anotosaurus
Gular fold or collar absent —
39. Ventral
is
31»Dientes posteriores comprimidos longitudinal32 mente, bi o tricúspides Dientes posteriores comprimidos transversalmente, bicuspi des D crodon
i
35
35«Gular fold or collar present-
38. Lower eyelid pigmented,
Tup namb
33'Sin orificio óticoCon orif ic o ót ico-
34.Extremities normal Extremities rudimentary
Fig.
30 istes
41
Prefrontals absent or barely outlined (Fig. 7)Phol idobolus
Escamas ventrales mucho más chicas que las doi sales Arqal ia
40. Con prefrontales
(Fig.
Prefrontales ausente (Fig.
7)
o
6)
41
ligeramente delineado Pholidobolus
GENERIC KEY
6. Prefrontals present, shaded. Neust icurus . from Peters, I567)
Í
(
41. Five toes on hind footFour toes on hind foot-
42
-Teius
42.Postpar ietal and occipitals present (Fig. 8)-43 Postparietal and occipitals absent (Fig. 5) Arthrosaura
Fig.
41.
Cinco dedos en extremidad posterioi Cuatro dedos en extremidad posterior-
42. Con postparietal ^'^^
postparietal
Fig.
8. Pr ionodactylus . with postparietals and occipitals.
43. Dorsal scales l<eeled or striated,
never smooth, much smaller than ventrals 44 Dorsal scales smooth, only slightly smaller Anadia than ventrals
44. Femoral pores present;
dorsal scales imbricate, hexagonal Pr onodactylus Femoral pores absent; dorsal scales squarish, juxtaposed Ecpleopus i
45. Innermost digit rudimentary-
5-
y ni
42
-Teius
occipitales (Fig. 8; 43 occipitales (Fig. 9) Arthrosaura
Arthrosaura .
43. Escamas dorsales guilladas o estriadas,
nunca lisas, mucho más chicas que las ventrales
-_^4 Escamas dorsales lisas, sólo ligeramente mas Anadia chicas que las ventrales 44. Con poros femorales;
das, hexagonales Sin poros femorales;
yuxtapuestas
escamas dorsales imbricaPr ionodactylus escamas dorsales cuadradas, Ecpleopus 46
interno rudimentario Dedo interno normal
45. Dedo
-^9
Innermost digit normal 46. Dorsal
Prefrontals absent. 1, Pholidobolus . from Peters, I967) Fig.
Fig.
scales normal, not greatly enlarged-
46. Escamas
49
dorsales normales, no muy dilatadas
.-47
.
-^7 Dorsal scales greatly expanded, only two rows Iph sa present on back
Escamas dorsales muy dilatadas, sólo dos hileph sa ras en la espalda
other than four longitudinal Tret ose ncus four longitudinal rows 48
47. Hileras longitudinales de escamas ventrales en Tret iosci ncus número distinto a cuatro Cuatro hileras longitudinales de escamas ven-
i
47. Ventrals scales
rows Ventral scales
i
n
i
in
48, Prefrontals present (Fig.
Prefrontals absent (Fig.
6) 7)
i
Colobosaura Colobodactylus
I
48
trales 48, Pref rontales presentes (Fig,
Prefrontales ausentes (Fig.
i
6) 7)
Colobosaura Colobodactylus
GENERIC KEY
4.5,
Granular scales present dorsally No granular scales dorsally
5^ 52
50. Dorsum with alternating granular scales,
normal
scales, and raised, keeled tubercles 51
Dorsum uniformly covered by granular scales Neust curus i
51. Enlarged scales present
wrist Enlarged scales abse, wrist 52. Prefrontal absent
t
between first digit and Neust icurus between first digit and Ech nosaura i
(Fig.
53 5^
7)
Prefrontal present
53»No enlarged middorsal scales 5^ Two rows of enlarged middorsal scales, from Macrophol dus occipital to tail i
granulares
a
Sin escamas granulares
a
45, Con escamas
dorsal dorsal
50'Dorso con escamas granulares que alternan con escamas normales y tubérculos quillados, elevados 5-1Dorso cubierto uniformemente de escamas granuNeust icurus lares dilatadas entre primer dedo y Neust icurus Sin escamas dilatadas entre primer dedo y Ech nosaura muñeca
Jl-^^o" escamas muríeca
i
prefrontal (Fig. Con prefrontal
52. Sin
7)
53 5^
53-Sin escamas dorsales medias dilatadas 5*
Con dos hileras de escamas dorsales medias dilatadas, desde el occipital a la cola
Macrophol idus
[-¡-
35 54. No granular scales on sides Rows of granular scales between dorsal and ven-
Proctoporus
tral scales
55» Dorsal scales hexagonal, l<eeled
narrow, strongly Stenolep
s
Ptychoqlossus
56. Occipital and postpar etals absent (Fig.
Occipital and postpar etals present (Fig.
s)
i
56'Sin occipital Con occipital
61
57* Loreal
—
57»Loreal separated from upper labials by frenorb tal Loreal in contact with upper labials--
dorsales hexagonales, angostas, fuertemente qui liadas Stenolep is Escamas dorsales cuadradas, de igual largo que ancho, débilmente quilladas Ptychoqlossus
57
5)
i
granulares a los lados 55 Con hileras de escamas granulares entre las escamas dorsales y ventrales Proctoporus
5^- Sin escamas
55» ^^'-^'"''^ i
Dorsal scales squarish, as long as wide, weakly
keeled
50 52
ni
y
postparietales (Fig. 5) postparietales (Fig. 8)
57 6I
separado de labiales superiores por f renorbi tal Loreal en contacto con labiales superiores
58 59
58
i
5? 58. Segundo par de postmentales separados parcialmente a lo largo de la línea media ventral
58. Second pair of postmentals partly separated
along midventral line Second pair of postmentals along midventral line
in
Arthrosaura complete contact Alopoqlossus
55'Anterior limb with keeled scales
Arthrosaura Segundo par de postmentales completamente en contacto a lo largo de la línea media ventralAlopoglossus 59* Extrem
i
dad anterior con escamas quilladas
Leposoma
Anterior limb with smooth scales
60
60.Ventrals rounded and overlapping posteriorly Arthrosaura Ventrals squared off and juxtaposed Ptychoqlossus
Leposoma
Extremidad anterior con escamas lisas
60. Ventrales redondeadas
rior Ventrales cuadradas
y
y
superpuestas
60
a posteArthrosaura
yuxtapuestas
Ptychoqlossus 61. Lateral scales subequal
Lateral scales distinctly reduced
62 in
size -64
62. Dorsal scales keeled
Dorsal scales smooth 63. Four supraoculars
Three supraoculars
63 Anadia
Arthroseps Pantodactylus
62 6I. Escamas laterales casi iguales Escamas laterales de tamaño notoriamente redu-
cido62. Escamas dorsales quilladas
Escamas dorsales lisas 63. Cuatro supraoculares
Tres supraoculares
63
Anadia
Arthroseps Pantodactylus
GENERIC KEY 64. Lateral scales on neck not granulai Lateral scales on neck granulai
65
66
64. Escamas laterales del cuello no granulares Escamas laterales del cuello granulares
65 66
óJ.Large, nearly circular, undivided transparent disk in lower eyelid; body scales smooth Op peuter Transparent disk in lower eyelid made up of several scales; body scales smooth or keeled Euspondylus
65.Con disco transparente indiviso, grande, casi circular en parpado inferior} escamas del cuerpo 1 isas Op ipeuter Disco transparente del párpado inferior formado por varias escamas; escamas del cuerpo lisas o qu liadas Euspondylus
66. Dorsal scales not rectangular nor nal ser es
66. Escamas
i
in
longitud!67
i
longituCercosaura
Dorsal scales rectangular, arranged dinal series
in
i
dorsales no rectangulares ni en series longitud! na les 67 Escamas dorsales rectangulares, dispuestas en Cercosaura series longitudinales -r
67. Sin láminas palmares
67. Palmar plates between thumb and wrist absent
Placosoma Palmar plates between thumb and wrist present Pr onodactylus
—
i
68.Dig!ts flat; subdigital lamellae smooth, usually also widened; adult males with extensile guiar fan 69 Digits compressed or cylindrical; subdigital lamellae keeled or smooth} if smooth, adult males lack extensile guiar fan 7" region of head swollen; tail compressed and prehensile; parietal bone expanded along temporal and occipital borders; sternal-x iphisternal ribs foui _ Phenacosaurus Temporal region of head normal; tail usually not compressed or prehensile; par:ietal bone not expanded; sternal-x ph sternal ribs five Anol is
65. Temporal
i
—
i
in
females and juveniles 71
Head not expanded and drawn out posteriorly to form fin or shelf 73 71. Infradigi tal lamellae with several sharp keels; vertical fin on head ]2
Infradigital lamellae with single tubercular keel; horizontal shelf on head Laemanctus
il
i
scus
lámelas subdigltales lisas, generaímente también ensanchadas; machos adultos con abanico guiar extensible 69 Dedos comprimidos o cilindricos; lámelas subdigitales quilladas o lisas, si son lisas, entonces machos adultos sin abanico guiar 7" extensible
68. Dedos chatos;
de la cabeza hinchada; cola comprimida y prensil, hueso parietal expandido a lo largo de los bordes temporal y occipital; costillas esternales-x if iesternales cuatro Phenacosaurus Región temporal de la cabeza normal; cola usualmente no comprimida ni prensil; hueso parietal no expandido; costillas esternalesAnol is xifiester nales ci nco
65. Region temporal
1^ juven les Cabeza no prolongada hacia posterior, sin aleta "i repisa 73 i
nf rad g tales con varias quillas agudas; aleta vertical en la cabeza ]2 nf rad ig tales con una sola quilla tuLámelas bercular; repisa horizontal en la cabeza Laemanctus
7I. Lámelas
!
i
i
i
i
de extremidad posterior con fleco de escamas chatas que forman un borde serrado Bas 1 iscus Dedos de extremidad posterior sin borde serrado Corytophanes i
Corytophanes
guana
73*Sin escama redonda, grande, chata debajo del 7* oído Con una escama redonda, grande, chata debajo guana del orificio ótico
nterpar etal scale conspicuously enlarged, at least one fifth as wide as head, and at least several times larger than any scale adjacent to it (Fig. 10) 75 Interparietal scale present or absent; if preand wide as head, sent, less than one-fifth as not several times larger than any adjacent scale (Fig. ll) 86
7^»Escama interparietal visiblemente agrandada, por lo menos un quinto de la anchura de la cabeza y varias veces más grande que cualquier escama adyacente (Fig. lO) 75 ausente, si Escama interparietal presente presente menos de un quinto de la anchura de la cabeza y no varias veces mas grande que 80 cualquier escama adyacente (Fig. ll)
flat, round scale below ear
73. No large,
74
.
Large, flat, round scale below ear opening I
74.
y
72« Dedos
72. Toes of hind foot with fringe of flat scales
Bas forming serrate margin Toes on hind foot without serrate margin
muñeca Placosoma muñeca Pri onodactylus y
7^*Cabeza fuertemente prolongada hacia posterior, bien como aleta vertical o bien como repisa horizontal, puede ser inconspicua en hembras y
70. Head strongly produced posteriorly, either as vertical fin or as horizontal shelf, may be
inconspicuous
entre pulgar
Con láminas palmares entre pulgar
I
¡
1
GENERIC KEY
Fig.
ID.
Trop idurus . enlarged
interparietal
Fig.
76 Tail length much greater than snout-vent length; caudal scales may be mucronate but not spinose 77 76. Tail about one-half snout-vent length, nonautotomic, with equal whorls of spines
Uracentron
77- Orbit bordered below by a single, wide, elongate subocular extending to anterior
small
interparietal
yg
Longitud de la cola mucho mayor que longitud hocico-ano; escamas caudales pueden ser mucronadas pero no espinosas 77
aproximadamente la mitad de longitud hocico-ano, no autotómica, con anillos iguales Uracentron de esp ñas Longitud de la cola aproximadamente igual a la hocico-ano, cola autotómica, con espinas caudales en anillos desiguales Strob ilurus i
77«0'"hita bordeada por debajo por una sola subocular ancha, alargada que se extiende hasta el
corner of orbit, may be preceded by preocular of equal width 7^ Orbit bordered below by an arc of five to seven subequal scales; no preocular 79 - Sceloporus - Trop
,
76. Cola
Tail about equal to snout-vent length, autotomlc, with caudal scales In unequal whorls Strob llurus
Femoral pores absent —
Ophryoesso ides
75»Cola desde ligeramente más larga a mucho más corta que la longitud hocico-ano; escamas caudales forman anillos de espinas fuertes
75'Tail length from slightly longer than to considerably shorter than snout-vent length; caudal scales form whorls of stout spines
78. Femoral pores present-
11.
idurus
75. Upper head scales small, subequal, pyramidal; supraoculars small, supraorbital semicircles not distinct; interparietal scale about as wide as distance between orbits Uran iscodon Upper head scales of various sizes, flat or convex, or a few may be conical; supraoculars enlarged, supraorbital semicircles distinct; interparietal scale much wider than distance between orb ts PI ica i
ángulo anterior de la órbita, puede estar precedida por un preocular de igual anchura .78
Órbita bordeada por debajo por un arco de cinco a siete escamas casi iguales; sin preoculai 75
—
78. Con poros femorales-
Sin poros femorales-
-
Sceloporus
- Trop
idurus
75" Escamas del dorso de la cabeza chicas, casi iguales, piramidales; supraoculares chicas, semicfrculos supraorbi tales no distintos; escama interparietal aproximadamente tan ancha como distancia entre órbitas Uran scodon Escamas del dorso de la cabeza de varios tamaños, planas o convexas o unas pocas pueden ser cónicas; supraoculares dilatadas, semicírculos supraorb tales distintos; escama interparietal más ancha que la distancia entre las órbitas Plica i
i
—
—81
80. Subd ig tal
lamellae smoothSubdigital lamellae keeledi
-^7
80. Lámelas subdigitales lisas
Lámelas subdigitales quilladas 81. Ventral scales l<eeled
82 84
Ventral scales smooth 82. No median vertebral scale row Median vertebral row of enlarged scales-
--83
81. Escamas ventrales quilladas
Escamas ventrales lisas
87 82 84
82. Sin línea media vertebral de escamas 83 Con línea media vertebral de escamas dilatadas-
Enyal ius
.Lateral scales of body homogeneous
81
Enyal ius 83" Escamas laterales del cuerpo homogéneas
Aptycholaemus Lateral scales of body heterogeneous, including small, smooth, juxtaposed scales with patches of much larger scales An solep s i
i
Aptycholaemus Escamas laterales del cuerpo heterogéneas, con escamas pequeñas, lisas, yuxtapuestas que alternan con grupos de escamas mucho más grandes An isolep is
GENERIC KEY 84. Escamas dorsales granulares o casi
scales around midbody; distal subdigital lamellae not grooved medially Urostrophus
granulares; más de 100 escamas alrededor del medio cuerpo; lámelas subdigitales distales con surco medio85 Escamas dorsales planas, pav imentosas, menos de 100 escamas alrededor del medio cuerpo; lamelas subdigitales distales sin surco medio
supraorbital contact between orbits-
85. Escamas caudales quilladas distalmente; semicírculos supraorb tales usualmente en contacto
86 All caudal scales smooth; supraorbital semicircles not in contact between orbits D iplolaemus
entre las órbitas 86 Todas las escamas caudales lisas; semicírculos supraorb tales no en contacto entre las D plolaemus orb tas
84. Dorsal scales granular or nearly so;
more than 100 scales around midbody; distal subdigital lamellae with median groove 85 Dorsal scales flat, pavimentous, fewer than 100
Urostrophus 85. Caudal scales keeled distally;
semicircles usually
in
86. Elongate subocular scale usually present;
in-
conspicuous vertebral scale row present; usually with immaculate ventei Cupriguanus Subocular scales usually subequal; no trace of vertebral scale row; Venter with broken, Le osaurus brownish stripes i
87. Dorsal head scales not conspicuously multicari-
ear opening many times larger than external nasal opening; males usually without extensile guiar fan 88 Most of dorsal head scales conspicuously multicarínate; ear opening about twice as large as external narial opening} male with large, extensile guiar fan Trop idodactylus nate;
i
i
i
i
86. Escama subocular alargada usualmente presente; con hilera vertebral de escamas inconspícua;
usualmente con vientre inmaculado Cupr iauanus Escamas suboculares usualmente casi iguales; sin trazas de hilera vertebral de escamas; vientre con cintas parduzcas fragmentarias Le iosaurus 87. Escamas del dorso de la cabeza no conspicuamente muí t ¡carenadas; orificio ótico varias veces mayor que el orificio nasal externo;
machos usualmente sin abanico guiar extensible 88 La mayoría de las escamas del dorso de la cabeza conspicuamente muí t carenadas; orificio ótico aproximadamente el doble de tamaño que orificio nasal externo; macho con abanico i
guiar extensible grande
Trop dodactylus i
88. Anterior supere il iar Íes elongate and diagonally
overlapping; usually with elongate subocular scale; no femoral pores; preanal pores present or absent; with large sternal fontanelle 85
Anterior supere il iar Íes not conspicuous and overlapping; suboculars usually subequal; femoral pores present or absent; preanal pores absent; sternal fontanelle small or absent 95
88. Supere il iares anteriores alargadas y superpuestas d iagonalmente; usualmente con escama
subocular alargada; sin poros femorales; con o sin poros preanales; con fontanela esternal grandeSuperciliares anteriores no conspicuas ni superpuestas; suboculares generalmente casi sin poros femorales; sin poros igualeS; con preanales; fontanela esternal chica o ausente55
85.
I
I
iferpar ietal scale usually conspicuous, usually about one eighth as wide as head and accompanied by pair of enlarged parietal scales; males usually with preanal pores; no trace of vertebral scale row 5O nterpari etal scale usually inconspicuous or absent; if present, less than one tenth width of head; vertebral scale row present or absent; no preanal pores in males 93
90, Scales of body small to large, but not more than 180 around midbody 9^ Scales of body small, almost granular, 180 or
interparietal usualmente conspicua, usualmente aproximadamente un octavo del ancho de la cabeza y acompañada por par de escamas parietales dilatadas; machos usualmente con sin trazas de hilera verteporos preanales; 90 bral de escamas Escama interparietal usualmente inconspicua ausente, si presente, menos de un décimo del ancho de la cabeza; con o sin hilera vertebral de escamas; machos sin poros preanales 93
85. Escama
9'^*^scamas del cuerpo chicas a grandes, pero no más de 180 alrededor del medio cuerpo 91
more scales around midbody
Phymaturus
Escamas del cuerpo chicas, casi granulares, 180 o más escamas alrededor del medio cuerpo Phymaturus
dorsal scales keeled L iolaemus Palatine teeth present; dorsal scales smooth-92
91.Sin dientes palatinos; escamas dorsales L iolaemus qu liadas Con dientes palatinos; escamas dorsales lisas
91. Palatine teeth absent;
i
— 92
369-215
O—
70
2
10
GENERIC KEY
Imbricate and overlapping Phrynosaura Dorsal scales juxtaposed Ctenoblephari s
52. Dorsal scales
53, Scales along anterior margin of vent not formng denticulate border 9* Scales along anterior margin of vent enlarged, forming strongly denticulate border - Proctotretus I
52'Escamas dorsales imbricadas
y
tejadas Phrynosaura
Escamas dorsales yuxtapuestas
Ctenoblephar Is 93'
borde anterior del ano no forman borde denticulado 9* Escamas del borde anterior del ano dilatadas, forman borde fuertemente denticuladoProctotretus ^^'^^'''^^
'^^^
94.Proximal caudal scales much larger than ventral scales, forming whorls of spines; and/or vertebral scale row absent; and/or sl<in on sides of neck strongly folded, with scales that are granular or nearly so Stenocercus Proximal caudal scales not much larger than ventrals and not spinose; conspicuous vertebral scale row present; skin on sides of neck weakly to not at all folded; lateral nuchal scales subimbricate to imbricate and usually Ophryoesso des keeled
9^» Escamas caudales prox imales mucho más grandes que ventrales, formando remolinos de espinas; y/o sin hilera vertebral de escamas; y/o piel
95'Tall long or short, but if less than one and one half snout-vent length, it is spiny
95'Cola larga corta, pero si menos que una y media veces la longitud hocico-ano entonces espinosa Jí Cola menos de una y media veces la longitud hocico-ano, sin espinas Le iosaurus
i
96 Tall less than one and one half times snoutvent length, not at all spiny Le iosaurus .
de los lados del cuello fuertemente plegada con escamas granulares o casi granulares
Stenocercus Escamas caudales prox imales no mucho mayores que ventrales y no espinosas; con hilera vertebral de escamas conspicua; piel de los lados del cuello débilmente plegada o sin pliegue; escamas nucales laterales sub imbricadas a imbricadas y usualmente quilladas- Ophryoesso ides
96. Cola corta
96, Tall short or long, if longer than twice snoutvent length vertebral scale row is present
97
Tail at least twice as long as snout-vent length, no vertebral scale row
larga, si más del doble de la
longitud hocico-ano entonces con hilera vertebral de escamas 97 Cola al menos el doble que la longitud hocicoano, sin hilera vertebral de escamas Polychrus
Polychrus 97. Con hilera vertebral de escamas, que forma den-
97. Vertebral scale row present, forming distinct dent iculat ion 98 vertebral row present or absent, if present very inconspicuous and not at all denticulate-
ticulacion distinta 98 Con o sin hilera vertebral de escamas, si presente muy inconsplcua y sin dent culac ion102 I
]^02
98, Cola con espinas grandes, fuertes
98.Tail with enlarged, heavy spines Tail without heavy spines
99 100
99«With group of enlarged, spinose, protuberant scales on lower leg Enyal iosaurus No conspicuously enlarged scales on lower leg-- Ctenosaura 100. Pterygoid teeth present No pterygoid teeth
101. Femoral pores usually present
101
Polychroides
in males; no marked sexual dichromat ism, i.e., no wide, light paravertebral stripes in female; tail spiny or not; scales heterogeneous or not Enyalioides Femoral pores absent in males; usually with marked sexual d ichromat ism; females often with wide, light, paravertebral stripes; tail not spiny; scales homogeneous Enyal ius
Cola sin espinas grandes
99 100
99'Con grupo de escamas dilatadas, espinosas, protuberantes en tibio-fíbula Enyal iosaurus Sin escamas notoriamente dilatadas en tibiofíbula Cteno; ;aura 100. Con dientes pterigoideos Sin dientes pterigoideos
101
Polychroides
101. Machos generalmente con poros femorales; sin dicromatismo sexual marcado, ej.: sin cintas paravertebrales claras, anchas en hembras; cola espinosa no; escamas heterogéneas o no Enyal ioi des Machos sin poros femorales; usualmente con dicromatismo sexual marcado; hembras a menudo con cintas paravertebrales claras, anchas; cola no espinosa; escamas homogéneas
Enyal us i
u GENERIC KEY 102. Tail shorter, distinctly flattened, with whorls of spines; tail not autotomic
Hoplocercus Tail longer, rounded, also spiny; tail autotom ic Morunasaurus 104 103.Eyel ids rudimentary Both dorsal and ventral eyelids well developed- Coleonyx
slender throughout their 10$ length 110 Digits dilated, at least partially
104. Digits not dilated,
105. Dig its straight Digits not straight,
106
distal phalanges angulate107
106. Claw retractile into sheath Claw not retractile into sheath
Garth
ia
102. Cola corta, distintamente aplanada, con anillos de espinas; cola no autototnica
Cola larga, redondeada,
autotóm ica
Hoplocercus también espinosa; cola Morunasaurus
104 ventral bien desarrollados Coleonyx
IO3. Parpa dos rudimentari os
Párpados dorsal
y
104. Dedos no dilatados,
delgados
a
todo lo largo
IO5 110
Dedos dilatados, al menos parcialmente
106
IO5. Dedos rectos Dedos no rectos,
falanges distales en ángulo 107
106. Uña retráctil en vaina Ufia no retráctil en vaina
Garth ia Homonota
-Homonota 107.Uria entre dos escamas,
107. Claw between two scales, a small superior and
large inferior Claw between five or more scales
una superior chica
inferior grande
108 IO5
Uña entre cinco
o
una 108
Gonatodes
108. Escamas dorsales homogéneas
Gonatodes
108. Dorsal scales homogeneous
y
IO5
mas escamas
Escamas dorsales heterogéneas
Gymnodactylus
Dorsal scales heterogeneous
Gymnodactylus lOg.Supralateral scales of claw sheath in contact throughout their length (Fig. 12) Pseudoqonatodes Supralateral scales of claw sheath separated by Lep idoblephar is single scale (Fig. 13) 110. Dilation of digit either restricted to basal phalanges, or extends throughout entire digitIll Dilation of digit restricted to most distal part 117
contact with or only slightly beyond dilation of basal phalanx Thecadactylus Claw much beyond dilated part of basal phalanx-
111. Claw
in
105.Escamas supralaterales de la vaina de la uña en contacto a todo lo largo- (Fig- 12) ' Pseudoqonatodes Escamas supralaterales de la vaina de la uña separadas por una sola escama (Fig. 13) Lep doblephar is
—
i
IIO.D latac on del dedo restringida a falanges ba111 extendida a todo lo largo sales Dilatación del dedo limitada a parte distal 117 i
i
ligeramente mas alia de 111. Uña en contacto con dilatación de falange basal
Thecadactylus mucho más allá de parte dilatada de falange 112 basal
Uiia
-112 112. Lámela
112. Distal
113 115
113.Pollex well developed Pollex extremely reduced or absent
114
infradigital lamellae single Distal infradigital lamellae double
Aristell iqer Claw of fifth finger not retractile laterally Phyllopezus if
113.Pollex bien desarrollado Pollex muy reducido o ausente
113 115 114 ia
ia
114. Claw of fifth finger retractile laterally
i
¡nfradigital distal única infradigital distal doble
Bogert
Bogert
115-Pollex without claw, or, m ñute Pollex with claw
Lámela
present, extremely 116 Hem idactylus
116. Enlarged tubercles present on dorsum of body Br iba No enlarged tubercles on body
Lepidodactylus
114. Uña del quinto dedo retráctil lateralmente Ar istell iqer Uña del quinto dedo no retráctil lateralmente
—
Phyllopezus II5. Pollex sin uña, d im ñuta Pollex con uña i
si
presente, extremadamente II6 Hemidactylus
Ho-Con tubérculos dilatados
en dorso del cuerpo Briba Sin tubérculos dilatados en cuerpo Lep idodactylus
12
GENERIC KEY 118
liy.Pollex not reduced in size Pollex extremely reduced
Lygodactvlus
117'Pollex de tamaño no reducido Pollex extremadamente reducldo-
118. Distal phalanges asymmetrical (Fig.
11?
14)
Distal phalanges symmetrically dilated, with two ventral terminal plates Phyllodactylus
llJ.Suprac 1 iary spine present, terminal phalanges distinctly asymmetrical Sphaerodactylus 1^0 supracil iary spi ne; terminal phalanges only slightly asymmetrical Coleodactylus i
118. Falanges distales asimétricas (Fig.
Lygodactylus 14)
II5
Falanges distales simétricamente dilatadas, con dos láminas terminales ventrales Phyllodactylus 115.Con espina supraciliar; falanges terminales distintamente asimétricas Gphaerodactylus ^'" espina supraciliar; falanges terminales sólo ligeramente asimétricas Coleodactylus ,
12. Claw sheath in P seudo qonatodes . viewed from above.
Fig.
Fig.
13.
blephar
i
Claw sheath in Lep ido s ^ viewed from above.
14. Sphaerodactylus . showing asymmetry in distal phalanx.
Fig.
13
"^
REPULÍA: SAURIA: SCINCIDAE
'At 'At
ABLEPHARUS
:^
c^-<PTt,«v.c=^>UA,
ABLEPHARUS Fitzinger 1823 Ablepharus Fitzinger, in L ichtenste in, Verzeicliniss der Doubletten des Zoologischen Museums der Konigl. UniversitSt zu Berlín: IO3. Type-species: Ablepharus pannonicus Fj-tzinqer. 18^4 Crvptoblepharum Wieqmann. Herpetologia Mexicana: 12. Ablepharus poec lopleuro Type-species: Wiegmann (a nomen nudum). 1839 Pet ia Gray (substitute name for Crvptoblepharum ). Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (l) 2: 335. Type-species: Ablepharus Menestries Duméril 1843 Microblephar is Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: 23. and Bib ron. Type-species: Morethia anomalus Gray. 1845 Moreth ia Gray, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: 65. Type-species: Menet ia Grey Gray. I845 Menet ia Gray, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: 65. I872 Blepharosteres Stoliczka, Proc. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, 1872: 'Ji. Type-species: Blepharosteres Grayanus Stoliczka. i
i
i
Distribution: Australia, Europe, eastern Asia, Africa, Polynesian Peru and Ecuador. Content:
About
ABLEPHARUS BOUTONI
i
i
Islands, and coastal
islands of
species, of which only one occurs within limits of this work.
5''
(Cesjardin)
Desjardin, Ann. Sci. Nat. Paris, 22: 298. I83I Sc incus Bouton Type-locality: Mauritius Island. 1868 Ablepharus Boutonii Strauch, Mel. Biol. Acad. Imp. Sci. Sa nt-Pltersbourg, 6: 566. i
Distribution: Content:
i
—
i
Africa, Australia, southern Asia, Polynesia and
About 3" subspecies, only one of which
Ablepharus bouton
i
i
is
islands of Pacific coast of Peru.
found within limits set for this work.
poec lopleurus Wiegmann i
1836 Ablepharus poec ilopleurus Wieqmann. Nova Acta Acad. Leop. -Carol. Caes. , fig. 1. Type-locality: Pisacoma Island, Peru. I887 Ablepharus bouton poec ilopleurus Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., "j: novocaledon icus Mertens, Zool. Anz., 78: 88. 1928 Cryptoblepharus bouton Hienghiene Island, New Caledonia Islands. novohebr d icus Mertens, Zool. Anz., 78! 89. 1928 Cryptoblepharus bouton Island, New Hebrides Islands.
—
i
i
i
i
i
i
I7:
202, pi.
18,
317-
Type-locality; Type-locality:
Malo
Distribution: Widely distributed on Pacific and Polynesian Islands. The type-locality, Pisacoma Island, coastal Peru, needs to be confirmed to prove existence in South America. No continental localities have been verified.
^
14
-^ -^
repulía: SAURIA: ANGUIDAE
*
ABRONIA
ABROMA Gray Type-species: Gerrhonotus Deppii Wieamann. 1338 Abronia Gray. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (l) 1; 385I843 Asp idosoma F tz inger, Systema Reptiliutn: 21. Type-species: Gerrhonotus taeniatus Wiegmarn. 1843 Le iogerrlion Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: 21. Type-species: Wiegmann. Gerrlionotus Depp 1846 L ioqerrhon Agassiz (corrected spelling of Le ioqerrPion F tz inger j , Nomenclátor is Zoologici index Universalis: 203 and 212. I
i
i
i
Guatemala and Mexico.
Distribution:
Eleven species, nine of which are extral
Content:
im
i
tal.
Key to the species 1.
Postmentals paired Postmental unpaired
aur ta Vasconcelos
1.
i
i
Un par de posmentales-
Posmental
i
Vasconcelos
impaj
ABRONIA AURITA (Cope) 1869 Gerrhonotus auritus Cope. Proc. Acad. Nat. Se Phila., 1868: 3O6. Type-local ty: Forest of Verapaz, Guatemala. Cope, Bar ss a f m b r a t a Proc. Amer. Phil. 22: 1885 Soc, Type-locality: Pine Forest of f"]!. Alta Verapaz, Guatemala. 1949 Abronia aurita Tihen, Amer. Midi. Nat., 41: 59I. i
i
i
.
i
i
i
—
Distribution:
ABRONIA VASCONCELOS
Alta Verapaz, Guatemala.
I
I
(Bocourt)
Bocourt, Bull. Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, I87I Gerrhonotus Vasconcelos Arqueta, Guatemala, above 2000 m. Type-locality: Tihen, Amer. Midi. Nat., 41: 5911949 Abronia Vasconcelos i
i
Distribution:
i
i
—
Known only from type locality.
7 (4):
IO7.
i
i
15_
***
repulía: SAURIA: TEIIDAE
ALOPOGLOSSUS
ALOPOGLOSSUS Boulenger ISSS Alopoqlossus Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., Boulenger.
383-
Type-species:
Alopoqlossus cop
i
i
Ecuador, Peru, Brazil, Guiaras.
Oistr ¡but ion: Content: 1952.
2:
Five species, according to most recent revision, by Ruibal, Bull. Mus. Comp,
Key to the species
Zool., 106,
Clave de especies
1.
Gulars not arranged in two longitudinal rows; four preanal scales 2 Gulars transversely enlarged and arranged in two longitudinal rows; three preanal scales f estae
1.
Guiares no dispuestas en dos hileras longitudinales; cuatro preanales 2 Guiares ensanchadas transversalmente y dispuestas en dos hileras longitudinales; tres preanales festae
2.
Scales on sides of neck large and conical; scales on posterior half of dorsum in longitudinal rows copi Not as above
2.
Escamas de los lados del cuello grandes y cónicas; escamas de la mitad posterior del dorso en hileras longitudinales copi No como el anterioi 3
i
i
3
3.
Scales on sides of neck keeled, imbricate, not granular 4 Scales on sides of neck small, almost granularbuckleyi
3.
Escamas de los lados del cuello guilladas, 4 imbricadas, no granulares Escamas de los lados del cuello pequeñas, casi granulares buckleyi
4.
Gulars keeled or smooth, pointed, not truncate; ventrals spotless cari n icaudatus Gulars smooth with a convex posterior border; ventrals with basal and lateral margins pigmentedandeanus
4.
Guiares guilladas o lisss, puntiagudas, no truncadas; ventrales sin manchascari n icaudatus Guiares lisas con un borde posterior convexo; ventrales con los márgenes básales y laterales andeanus p gmentados i
ALOPOGLOSSUS ANDEANUS Ruibal l'j')2
Alopoqlossus andeanus Ruibal, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 106: Puno, Peru,
"¡60
'~ilO.
Type-locality:
La Pampa,
Depto.
m.
Known only from type locality.
Distribution:
ALOPOGLOSSUS BUCKLEYI (O 'Shaughnessy) Shauqhnessy. Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1881: 233, Pl- 22, fig. Type-locality; Canelos, Ecuador. Alopoqlossus buckleyi Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 3^5Ruibal, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 106: 5O6. 19^2 Alopoqlossus buckleyi 1881 Leposoma buckleyi
'
2,
2a,
2b.
— —
IBS')
Distribution: Amazonas, Brazil; Amazonian Ecuador, Colombia, and Peru (an unverified and very doubtful record from Babahoyo, on Pacific side of Ecuador, is given by Werner, Mitt. Naturhist. Mus. Hamburg, 2], I9IO, 30).
ALOPOGLOSSUS CARI
N
ICAUDATUS (Cope)
Valley Type-locality: 1876 Lepidosoma car n icaudatum Cope. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sc . Phila., (2) 8: I6O. of Rfo MaraRon, Peru. 1885 Alopoqlossus car n icaudatum Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 384. Type-locality: Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 153: 1. 1924 Alopoqlossus amazonius Ruthven, Occ. Villa Murtinho, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Type-locality: surinamensis Brongersma, Zool. Meded. Leyden, 26: 23I, fig. 11946 Alopoqlossus copi Forest on the Lucie River, Surinam. 1952 Alopoqlossus car inicaudatus- Ruibal, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 106: 5''8. i
i
—
i
i
—
Distribution:
Periphery of Amazon Basin
in
Surinam, Guyana, Brazil, Ecuador and Peru.
16
ALOPOGLOSSUS
ALOPOGIOSSUS COP
I
I
Boulenger
Type-locality: 188S AloDoalossus copii Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Bpit. Mus., 2: 383» Pallatanga, Ecuador. Comp. Zool., 106: 505Ruibal, Bull. Mus. 1952 Alopoqlossus copii
Canelos and
—
Distribution:
Amazonian slopes of Ecuador.
ALOPOGLOSSUS FESTAE Peracca 1904 Alopoqlossus festae Peracca, Boll. Mus. Zool. Comp. Anat. Univ. Vinces, Ecuador. 1952 Alopoqlossus festag Ruibal, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 106; 502.
—
Distribution;
Pacific slope of Ecuador.
Torino, I5 (465)' 7-
Type-locality:
17
-^ -^
repulía: SAURlA: TEIIDAE A ME
I
AMEIVA
VA Meyer
1795 1800 1828 1833 1840 1843 I869 I876 1892 1500
Ame iua Meyer, Synopsis Reptilium: 27. Type-species: Ame iua americana Meyer. Ame va Bechstein (emendation of Ame ua Meyer), in Laclpede, Naturgesch ichte der Amphibien, 2: 44. Lacerta ame va Linnaeus. Cnem dotus Wagler, isis von Oken, 21: 860. Type-spec es: Lacerta ame iva Linnaeus. Pachylobronchus Wagler, Isis von Oken, 26: 851. Type-spec es: Amieva tr il ineata Gray. Am ieva Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (l) 5= 114. Type-species: Amei va ma jor Duméril and Bibron. Phol doscel s Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium; 20. Type-species: Cope. Holcosus br does Type-species: Holcosus Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc . Phila., 1868: JOS. Amiva Cope (in error for Ameiva ). Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., (2) 8 (I875): II7. Tiaporus fuliqinosus Cope. Tiaporus Cope, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc, 3'^' 132. Type-species: Te japorus Cope (emendation of Tiaporus ). Ann. Rept. U.S. Nat. Mus., I858: 56O. J-
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
Distribution: Content:
2.
3.
Mexico, Central and South America.
Clave de especies
Head plates smooth Head plates rugose
2
1.
septeml neata i
Frontal plate divided Frontal plate entire
3
Frontal plate divided into several smaller 4 scales Frontal plate divided in two equal scales b f rontata
5.
Frontoparietal and parietal plates in contact 6 with interparietal Frontoparietal and parietal plates separated from interparietal by one or two rows of small leptophrys scales
6.
Guiar region without enlarged scales Guiar region with median scales distinctly enlarged
7.
Twelve rows of ventral plates Eight rows of ventral plates
8.
Enlarged guiar scales surrounded by smaller scales Enlarged guiar scales surrounded by scales gradually decreasing in size
orces br dqes i
i
3-
Placa frontal dividida en varias escamas Placa frontal dividida en dos b f rontata
4.
5*
i
5 4
Mesoptychium con escamas ensanchadas Mesoptychium con escamas subiguales
orces br does i
i
y parietales en contacto con 6 el interpar ietal Frontopar etales y parietales separados del interparietal por una o dos hileras de leptophrys escamitas
Frontopar etales i
Región guiar con escamas centrales no distinta7 mente ensanchadas Región guiar con escamas centrales nítidamente ensanchadas-
7.
Doce hileras de escamas ventrales Ocho hileras de escamas ventrales
8.
Escamas guiares ensanchadas rodeadas por escamas menores Escamas guiares ensanchadas rodeadas por escamas gradualmente menores
8
i
9
ame va edracantha i
5
11
11
i
Escamas guiares ensanchadas no dispuestas en 10 una hilera longitudinal; un interparietal Escamas guiares ensanchadas dispuestas en una hilera longitudinal; dos interparietales cha tzam i
i
10. Escamas guiares ensanchadas
i
de mayor extension f est va
que el sinfisial Escamas guiares ensanchadas mucho menores que undulata el s nf is al
est va
i
i
Enlarged guiar scales much smaller than mentalundulata
i
i
It is clear from the remainder of his text that actually named this genus Ame iua . not Ame va While Ame iua has obvious priority, it is not is actually a capital "U", in Latin characters. this check list, which is only a summary of current usage. i
in
i
6.
7
10. Enlarged guiar scales larger than mental
the "V"
i
i
9.
used
3
i
Enlarged guiar scales not arranged in single longitudinal row; one interparietal 10 Enlarged guiar scales arranged in single longitudinal row; two interparietals cha tzam
'•Meyer
i
Placa frontal dividida Placa frontal entera
ame va edracantha
f
septeml neata
i
i
Mesoptychium with enlarged scales Mesoptychium with subequal scales
2
Placas cefálicas lisas Placas cefálicas rugosas
2.
5
4.
9.
i
About I5 species, eleven of which are found within limits set for this work.
Key to the species 1.
i
.
18
AME IVA
11. Dorsal pattern of pair of dorsal yellow lines separated by broad darl<er stripes and pair of
ll.Diseiio dorsal con un par de líneas amarillas, separadas por anchas bandas oscuras y un par de líneas amarillas bordeando una ancha banda
lateral yellow lines bordering broad dorsoquadr 1 neata lateral blackish-brown stripe undulata Dorsal pattern not as above
pardo negruzca dorsolateral Diseño dorsal no como el anterioi
i
i
quadr
1 neata undulata i
i
AMEIVA AME VA (Linnaeus) I
Type-locality: Brazil. 1758 Lacerta Ame va Linnaeus, Systema Naturae, Ed. 10: 202. Cockerell, Jour. Inst. Jamaica, 1: 310. I853 Ame va ame va Type-locality: 1510 Cnem dophorus roeschmann Werner, Mitt. Naturhist. Mus. Hamburg, 27: 28. Provincia Ben , Bolivia (it is uncertain with which subspecies this taxon is synonymous. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., 15*, 1931> 21, indicated it as a synonym of Ame va ame va ame va . which does not occur in Bolivia, and no more recent author has re-evaluated its status). i
i
i
—
i
i
Burt,
i
i
Distribution: Content:
Panama, tropical South America, Trinidad, Tobago and Margarita
Ten subspecies, of which one
(
aqu
i
1
i
na
Carman)
Key to the subspecies 1.
is
ex tral m i
i
i
i
Islands.
tal.
Clave de subespecies
Guiar region suffused with black Guiar region not suffused with black
2 3
Region guiar con sufusion melanica Región guiar sin sufusion melánica
2 3
2.
Dorsum brown with transverse rows of ocelli on sides, do not reach paravertebral reg ion melanocephala Dorsum green with transverse rows of ocelli on sides and paravertebral region; vertebral region mottled with small black spots tobaqana
Dorso pardo con hileras transversales de ocelos que no llegan a la región paravertebral melanocephala Dorso verdoso con hileras transversales de ocelos que llegan a la región paravertebral; region vertebral ocupada por innumerables manchi tas tobagana
3.
Pale vertebral stripe present Pale vertebral stripe absent
Con una banda clara vertebral Sin banda vertebral
4
5
4
5
4.
Vertebral stripe not in contact with transverse rows of ocelli praes ignis Vertebral stripe in contact with transverse rows of ocelli ornata
Banda clara vertebral no conectada con bandas transversales de ocelos-- praesiqnis Banda clara vertebral conectada con bandas transversales de ocelos ornata
5.
Transverse rows of ocelli discontinuous, do not cross vertebral region 6 Transverse rows of ocelli continuous, crossing vertebral region voql
Bandas de ocelos no continuas en la región vertebral (, Bandas transversales de ocelos continuas, ininterrumpidas en la región vertebral
Ocelli Ocelli
ischeri
Ocelos dispuestos regularmente ] Ocelos dispuestos irreqularemente-- f ischeri
7.
Head with dark markings; sides dark, sharply distinct from dorsal color 8 Head without dark markings; small, scattered dark spotting on neck; sides slightly darkened laeta
Cabeza con diseños oscuros, flancos oscuros y nítidamente distintos del color dorsal-8 Cabeza sin diseños oscuros, escasas manchitas oscuras sobre la nuca con flancos muy poco oscuros laeta
3.
Dorsal pattern confluent, forming irregular, reticulate markings or head, neck, and anterior third of body ame v Dorsal pattern not reticulate, spots isolated from one another peters
i
6.
regularly arranged irregularly arranged
7 f
Los diseños confluyen formando trazos irregulares, que forman un retículos sobre la cabeza, cuello y tercio anterior del dorso amei va Diseños no confluyen formando un retículo,
i
i
y
se mantienen como manchitas aisladas
peters
i
19
AMEIVA
Ame va ame va ame va (Linnaeus) i
i
i
None given. Type-locality: 1768 Seps sur namens s Laurenti, Synopsin Reptilium: 59None given. Type-locality: 1768 Seps zeylan cus Laurenti, Synopsin Reptilium: 591795 ^i^e ua amer icana Meyer (replacement name for Lacerta amei va Gmelin), Synopsis Reptilium: i
i
i
i
28.
America (after Seba). 1802 Lacerta qraphica Daudin. Hist. Nat. Rept., J: 112. Type-locality: I823 Ame va vulgar s Lichtenstein (replacement name for Lacerta ame va Linnaeus), Verzeichniss der Doubletten des Zoologischen Museums der Konigl. Universitat zu Berlin: 91» Type-locality: I825 Te jus Lateristriga Spix. Sp. Nov. Lac. Bras.: 22, pi. 24, fig. 1. Brazil. Type-locality: 182S Tejus tritaeniatus Spix. Sp. Nov. Lac. Bras.: 22, pi. 24, fig. 2. Estado da Baliia, Brazil. Type-locality: Brazil. I838 Ameiva maculata Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (l) 1: 277. Type-locality: Demerara; Pernambuco; and 1845 Ameiva guttata Gray, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: 18. Brazil. 1862 L.[ acerta ] tr istr iata Cope ( in error for Te jus tr taeniatus Spix), Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc . i
i
i
i
i
Pliila., 1862: 68. 1915 Amei va amei va amei va 191"^
—
Barbour and Noble, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 59' '^^^• Ameiva ameiva bilineata Barbour and Noble, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 59' ^^^' Dunoon, Demarara River, Guyana.
Distribution:
Amei va ame va i
f
i
Type-locality:
Southern Venezuela, Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana, northeastern Brazil.
scher
nomen novum
i
1879 Cnemi dophorus maculatus Fischer, Verh. Naturwiss. Ver. Hamburg, 67= 95> pl- *> figs. 1-6. Sabana Larga, Colombia. Type-locality: iqiS Ameiva ameiva maculata Barbour and Noble, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 59= ^^1
Distribution:
Sabana Larga and Sierra de Santa Marta, Colombia.
This new name is necessary because of the prior name Ameiva maculata Gray, I838. Comment: No previous author has replaced maculatus Fischer, 1879'
Ame va ame va laeta Cope i
i
Type-locality: 1862 A.[ meiva ] laeta Cope. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1862: 65. de Janeiro, Brazil. Zool., Comp. Mus. Bull. and Noble, 59: 467. 1915 Ameiva ameiva laeta Barbour Distribution:
Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais and Goiás,
Near Rio
Brazil.
Ame va ame iva melanocephala Barbour and Noble i
iqiS Ameiva ameiva melanocephala Barbour and Noble, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 59: Cumanocoa, Venezuela. locality:
Distribution:
Ame va ame va orna i
i
Eastern Venezuela, La Guayra Range
in
central Venezuela;
i
Margarita.
Isla
132:
I79,
figs.
Type-
1-2.
Llanos of Fusagasugá, Colombia.
Ame va ame va peters i
Type-
Mú'ller and Hellmich
ta
1540 Ameiva ameiva ornata Mú'ller and Hellmich, Zool. Anz., La Puerta, Fusagasugá, Colombia, 1200 m. locality:
Distribution;
465.
i
i
Cope
Ñapo or Type-local ty: Cope. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1868: 99. 1868 Ameiva petersi Marañen, Ecuador. Pebas Type-locality: I87I Ameiva pleurotaenia Peters, Monats. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, I87I: 652. and Pozuzu, Peru. 466. Comp. Zool., Mus. Bull. Noble, 59: and 1515 Ameiva ameiva peters —Barbour i
i
i
Distribution:
Upper Amazonian Basin.
20
AMEIVA Ame va ame va praes iqn i
i
is
{
Ba
i
rd and G ¡rard)
Phila., 18S2 Cnem dophorus praesignis Baird and Girard, Proc. Acad. Nat. Se Chagres, Panama. locality: Comp. and Noble, Mus. Zool., Barbour Bull. 59' 1515 Ame va ame iva praes ignis i
i
—
i
.
1852:
Type-
129.
''68.
Lowlands of Colombia, Panama, and central llanos of western Venezuela.
Distribution:
Ame va ame va tobaqana Cope i
i
Type-locality: I879 Am va surinamens is tobaqanus Cope, Proc. Amer. Pfíil. Soc, 18: 276. Tobago Island. Type-locality: I887 Amei va sur namens s var. atr guiar s Garman, Bull. Essex Inst., I9: 2. Tr n dad. Underwood, Caribb. Affairs, New Ser., 1: 9''' 1962 Ame va ame va tobaqana i
i
i
i
i
—
i
Distribution:
Ame va ame va voql i
i
!
i
i
Trinidad and Tobago.
Müller
Müller, Zool. Anz., 83: 100, figs. 1-6. 1929 Amei va ame iva voql Zamora, Venezuela.
Distribution:
Type-locality:
Barinas,
Llanos de Barinas and Apure, Venezuela.
AMEIVA BIFRONTATA Cope 1862 A.[ meiva ] bifrontata Cope. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1862: 67. Type-locality: St. Thomas, West Indies; and New Grenada = Colombia (Barbour and Noble, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 59, I915, 471, express doubt that this species ever occurred on St. Thomas, and indicate they think all type specimens probably came from Venezuela).
Distribution: Northern Peru, Colombia, and Venezuela; Testigos Margarita Island. Content:
Four subspecies.
Key to the subspecies 1.
Scales of outer row of ventrals small, not equal in length to neighboring ventral, usually separated by granules from next poster or ventral 2 Scales of outer row of ventrals large, equal in length to neighboring ventral, usually in contact with next posterior ventral concolor
Clave de subespecies 1.
i
2.
3.
Island, Dutch Leeward Islands and
Postbrachial scales dilated 3 Postbrachial scales all about same size as other scales on arm insulana
Supraocular granules extend beyond anterior border of third supraocular and occasionally surround it bifrontata Supraocular granules may extend to but not beyond anterior border of third supraocular and never surround it divisa
Escamas de la hilera ventral más externa chicas, no iguales en longitud a las ventrales vecinas, generalmente separadas por granulos de la ventral siguiente posterior 2
Escamas de la hilera ventral más externa, grandes, iguales en longitud a las ventrales vecinas, generalmente en contacto con la ventral siguiente posterioi concolor 2.
Escamas postbraqu iales ensanchadas 3 Todas las escamas postbraqu iales aproximadamente del mismo tamaRo que las otras escamas del brazo insulana
3.
Granulos supraoculares se extienden más allá del margen anterior de la tercera supraocular, a veces delante rodeándola
—
b f ronta ta , Granulos supraoculares se extienden hasta, pero nunca más allá del margen de la tercera supraocular y nunca la rodean d visa i
—
i
21^
AME IV
Ame va bifrontata bifrontata Cope i
1924
[
Ameiva bifrontata ] bifrontata Ruthven, Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 155: Northeastern South America, Dutch Leeward Islands, Margarita
Distribution:
6.
Island, Aruba
Island.
Ameiva bifrontata concolor Ruthven 1924 Ameiva bifrontata concolor Ruthven, Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 155: Paipoy, R'o Crisnejas, Peru, 35^0 ft. locality:
3-
Type-
Canyons of Ríos Crisnejas and Marañen, Peru.
Distribution:
Ameiva bifrontata
d
i
visa (Fischer)
ISyq Cnemidophorus divisus Fischer, Verb. Naturwiss. Ver. Hamburg, 67: 95, pi. 5, figs. 1-6. Barranqu 11a, Colombia. Type-locality; 1924 [ Ameiva bifrontata ] divisa Ruthven, Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 155' 6. i
Northwestern South America.
Distribution:
Ame va
b
i
i
f
rontata
i
nsulana Ruthven
Type-locality: 1924 Ameiva insulana Ruthven, Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 149: 1. Testigos Island, Venezuela. 1924 [ Ameiva bifrontata ] insulana Ruthven, Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 155= 2.
AMEIVA BRIDGES
I
Island, Venezuela.
Testigos
Distribution:
(Cope)
I
Cope. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc . Phila., 1868: 3O6. Type-locality: 1869 Holcosus bridges! Ecuador. Barbour and Noble, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 59- *7S* 1915 Ame va br does Peters. Bull. S. Calif. Acad. Sc , 63: II7, figs, lb, 2b. 1964 Ameiva br dqes i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
— —
i
Questionably
.
Northwestern coastal areas of Ecuador, Chocó of Colombia, Gorgona Island.
Distribution:
AMEIVA CHAITZAMI Stuart 1942 Ameiva chaitzami Stuart, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 55' Lanquin trail about 2 km north of Finca Canihor, about
Along CahabonType-locality: km east northeast of Coban, Alta
1''3' '¡8
Known only from vicinity of type locality.
Distribution:
AMEIVA EDRACANTHA Bocourt
Type-locality: Mexico. I874 Ameiva edracantha Bocourt, Ann. Sci. Nat. Zool. Paris, (5) I9 U): 3. Type-locality: I876 Cnemidophorus armatulus Cope. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., (2) 8 (I875): I65. Valley of Jequetepeque, Peru. Coastal area of Ecuador and Peru.
Distribution:
AMEIVA FESTIVA (L ichtenste n) i
I856 Cnem dophorus f est vus L chtenste n. Nomenclátor Reptilium et Amphibiorum Musei Zoologici Berol nens s: I3. Type-locality: Veragoa, Panama. Bocourt. Miss. Sci. Mex., Rept.: 260, pi. 20, fig. 2; pi. 20A, fig. 10, pi. 20D, I874 Ameiva f est vus i
i
i
i
i
i
i
—
fig. 6.
Distribution; Content:
Colombia through Central America to Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Mexico.
Four subspecies.
22
AMEIVA Clave de subespecies
Key to the subspecies 1.
Vertebral stripe with parallel borders Vertebral stripe with zig-zag borders occ dental i
2.
2
i
Cinta vertebral con bordes paralelos Cinta vertebral con bordes en zig-zag occ dental
2.
Cinta vertebral estrecha, 8-10 granulos de ancho; mitad de los parietales incluida en 3 la cinta vertebral Cinta vertebral ancha, JO-iO granulos de ancho; parietales incluidos en la cinta n icef oroi vertebral
3.
iíltimo sublabial grande Último sublab ial d V id do en
s
Vertebral stripe 8-10 granules wide; half of parietals included in vertebral stripe-
i
3
Vertebral stripe 30-*^ granules wide; entire parietals included in vertebral str ipe 3.
n
cef oro
i
i
Poster ormost sublabial one large shield f est iva Poster ormost sublabial divided into three smaller scales forming rough triangle edwards (fig. 1 ) i
i
Fig.
Ame va i
f est
i
va
On
1.
f est
i
left, f. festiva
va
(L
i
,
i
is
f est va tres pequeñas i
escamas que forman un triángulo imperfecto edwards (fig. 1)
i
i
2
1.
i
i
i
on right,
f.
edwards
i
i
(from Stuart, 15*3)-
chtenste n) i
1862 A.[ mei va j eu trop ia Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Se . Phila., 1862: 62. Type-locality: Truando River, northwestern Colombia. Barbour and Loveridge, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 69: 141. 1529 Ame va festiva [ f est va J Taylor. Univ. Kansas Se . Bull., 38: 260, fig. 65. 19S6 Ameiva festiva f est va i
i
i
i
i
f est
i
va
i
Northern Colombia to Panama.
Distribution:
Ame va
—
—
edwards
i
¡
Bocourt
I873 Ameiva Edwardsii Bocourt. Ann. Sci. Nat. Zool. Paris, (5) I7 (art. I7): 1. Type-locality: Isabel and Santa Maria de Panzos, Guatemala. 1943 Ameiva festiva edwards Stuart. Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 47I: 21, fig. ], I
i
—
Distribution: Low and moderate elevations on Caribbean slope from Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Mexico, southeast to northern Honduras and Nicaragua, exclusive of outer end of Yucatán Pen nsula. i
.^9
Ameiva test iva
n
i
sih ,sf-'''%o n"^
ceforo
i
Dunn
1943 Ameiva festiva niceforoi Dunn, Notulae Naturae, Acad. Nat. S ci. Phila., 126: locality: Sasaima, 75 km northwest of Bogotá, Colombia, 1 200 m.
Distribution:
Western slope of eastern Andes
in
Colomb
1.
Type-
0-1800
Amei va fest va occ dental s Taylor i
i
i
1956lmeiva festiva occidentalis Taylor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., locality:
Distribution:
5 mi
east of San
38: 264, fig. 66. TypeIsidro del General, Provincia San José, Costa Rica.
Provincias Puntarenas and San José, Costa Rica.
23
AMEIVA
AMEIVA LEPTOPHRYS Cope ISqS Amiva leptophrys Cope. Proc. Amer. Phil. iqiS Ameiva ruthveni Barbour and Noble, Bull. City, Panama.
Distribution:
AMEIVA ORCES
Buenos Aires, Costa Rica. Type-locality: 3I: 341. Near Panama Type-locality: Mus. Comp. Zool., 55: 47I.
Soc,
Panama to Costa Rica.
Peters
I
1564 Ameiva orces Peters, Bull. S. Calif. Acad. Sci., 63: I23. Abdon Calderón, Provincia Azuay, Ecuador, I6OO m. i
Distribution:
Type-locality:
Valley of Río Jubones, Provincia Azuay, Ecuador, I25O-I7OO
l/2 km northeast of
m.
AMEIVA CUADRIL INEATA (HaUowell) Type-locality: 1861 Cnemidophorus quadr 1 neatus Hallowell. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., I860: 483. Nicaragua; restricted to Greytown, Nicaragua by Taylor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 3^, 195^» 2/1. 1862 A.[ meiva j quadr 1 neata Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1862: 62. Old Type-locality: I876 Amiva qabbiana Cope, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., (2) 8 (I875): II7. Harbor, Puerto Viejo, Limón, Costa Rica. i
i
Distribution:
i
—
i
Panama to Nicaragua.
AMEIVA SEPTEMLINEATA Dumlril South Type-locality: Ouméril, Cat. Meth. Coll. Rept. Mus. Paris: 114. I85I A.f mei va ] Septeml ¡neata Amer ica. Andes of western Type-locality: IBSq Ameiva sex-scutata Günther, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, I859: 402. Ecuador.
Distribution:
Moister areas of Ecuador lowlands, from Guayaquil north.
AMEIVA UNDULATA (Wieqmann) I834 Cn.f em dophorus ] undulatus W ieqmann, Herpetologia Mexicana; 184S Ameiva undulatus Gray, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: 20. i
—
Distribution:
27.
Type-locality:
Mexico.
Costa Rica to southern Mexico.
Content: Twelve subspecies, six of which ( amph gramma Smith and Laufe, dextra Smith and Laufe, podarqa Smith and Laufe, s in istra Smith and Laufe, stuart Smith, and undulata Wiegmann) are extral im tal. i
i
i
Key 1.
2.
to
the subspecies
Clave de subespecies
Median gulars abruptly enlarged —2 Median gulars enlarged but grading gradually into smaller surrounding throat scales 4
1.
Guiares medianas abruptamente agrandadas--2 Guiares medianas agrandadas gradualmente entre pequeñas escamas de la garganta 4
2.
Una hilera de granulos entre el tercer supraocular y los superciliares; tercer supraocular contacta con los frontoparietales 3 Dos hileras de granulos entre el tercer supraocular y los superciliares; tercer supraocular separado de los frontoparietales por granulos parva
3.
Manchas claras súpero-laterales emergen con línea clara lateral y forman una banda thomas clara continua Coloración no como la anterior pulchra
One row of granules betv/een third supraocular and supere 1 iar ies; third supraocular in contact with frontoparietals 3 Two rows of granules between third supraocular and supere il iar es; third supraocular separated from frontoparietals by parva granules i
i
3.
Upper lateral light spots merged with dorso-lateral light line to form continuous light band thomas Coloration not as above pulchra i
i
24
AME IVA
4,
5.
Middorsal region with few small blotches or 5 none, never reticulate Middorsal region heavily reticulate or "liadis blotched
4.
Twelve or more light vertical stripes or ga qeae lines between axilla and groin Fewer than twelve light vertical stripes or hartweq lines between axilla and groin
5.
ninguna manRegión vertebral con pocas chas pequeñas, nunca reticuladas Región vertebral densamente reticulada o m adi manchada i
5 s
Doce o más cintas claras laterales entre la oa igeae axila e ingle Menos de doce cintas claras laterales entre hartweq la axila e ingle
i
i
i
Ame va undulata qa qeae Smith and Laufe i
i
1546 Ameiva undulata qa iqeae Smith and Laufe, Univ, Kansas Se Progreso, Yucatán, Mexico. Type-locality: 20.
Bull., 31:
.
i
J] ,
fig. 10,
pl.
Lowlands of Yucatán Peninsula south to northern El Peten, Guatemala.
Distribution:
Ame va undulata hartweq i
i
Smith
Smith, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 53" 55Type-locality; 1540 Ame va undulata hartweq Chiapas, Mexico, across R'o Usumacinta from Piedras Negras, Guatemala. i
i
Distribution: Low and moderate elevations of Caribbean slope from extreme southeastern Mexico through northern Guatemala to northern Honduras.
Ame va undulata i
m
i
ad
i
Barbour and Loveridge, new combination
s
1929 Ameiva festiva miadis Barbour' and Loveridge, Bull. Great Corn Island. locality:
Distribution:
Known only from Great Corn
Island,
Mus.
Comp.
Zool., 65:
141.
Type-
forty miles off Nicaraguan coast-
Comment: The placement of this taxon as a subspecies of Ame va undulata rather than of Ame va f est va is at the suggestion of Arthur Echternacht, who will publish documentation of the change very shortly. i
i
i
Ame va undulata parva Barbour and Noble i
1515 Ame va undulata parva Barbour and Noble, Bull. Mus, Comp. Zool., 59= 47^" Type-locality: Guatemala; restricted by Smith and Laufe, Univ. Kansas Sc . Bull., 31, 1546, 5I, to Mazatenango, Guatemala. i
i
Distribution: Low and moderate elevations of Pacific slope from Mexico, to Costa Rica.
Isthmus of Tehuantepec,
Ame va undulata pulchra Hallowell i
I86I Ameiva pulchra Hallowell. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc . Phila., I860: 483. Type-locality: N icaragua. 1942 Ameiva undulata pulchra Stuart . Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 55: 146. i
—
Distribution:
.# v?-'^
y-"*—
,
Xf "csS^
^
[h^,C^
Ame va undulata thomas i
^'
Caribbean Honduras to Costa Rica.
i
Smith and Laufe
1946 Ameiva undulata thomasi Smith and Laufe, Univ. Kansas Sc . Bull., 31: 47, pl. lA. Typelocality: La Libertad, Chiapas, Mexico, near R'o Cuilco where it crosses Guatemalan border. i
Distribution: Moderate elevations of upper valley of Rio Grijalva, Chiapas, Mexico, and its headwater valleys in Guatemala.
25
AMEIVA INCERTAE SED
IS
1802 Lacerta litterata Daudin, Hist.
Nat.
Rept.,
3:
106.
Type-locality: Germany.
Comment: This and the following species ( qutturosa ) were included as synonyms of Ame iva surinamensis by Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2, 1885, 352. Barbour and Noble did not mention either in their review of the genus Ame iva , where the species including surinamensis (A. ame iva ) was divided into many subspecies. We do not know where they should be assigned. 1802 Lacerta qutturosa Daudin. Hist.
369-215
Oâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;70
13
Nat.
Rept.,
3:
lig.
Type-locality: Santiago, Chile.
26
-^
repulía: AMPH ISBAENIA: AMPHISBAENIDAE Prepared by Carl Cans and Carlos
0.
^ ^ 'A
AMPHISBAENA
Diefenbach, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York
AMPHISBAENA Linnaeus Amph sbaena fuliginosa Type-species: I7S8 Ampli isbaena Linnaeus, Systema Naturae, Ed. 10: 225. L nnaeus. Amph sbaena verm icular s Wagler. Type-species: 184S Glyptoderma Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: 22. Type-species: Amphisbaena caeca Cuvier. 184^ Typhloblanus Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: 22. Amphisbaena ridlevi Type-species: 1844 Sarea. Gray, Cat. Tort., Croc, Amphis. Brit. Mus.: 71» Boulenger, as stated by Cans and Alexander, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 128, I562, 82, because of a mistaken identification by Gray. Type-species: Diphalus fenestratus Cope. I86I Diphalus Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1861: 75Aporarchus prunlcolor Type-species: 1885 Aporarchus. Cope, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc, 22 (l884): I85. Cope. i
i
i
i
Continental South America; Panama; many Caribbean Distribution: Africa doubtfully included by Cans, l')(>1 • Content:
Islands;
one species from southern
Forty-five species, of which 35 ^""^ found within the limits of this work, following Gans, Mus. Nat. Hist., 135, 1967, 68-76.
Bull. Amer.
Clave de especies^
Key to the species^ 1.
Without major fusions of head shields; prefrontals, frontals, supralabials and oculars 2 always separate Fusion of head shields frequent and characterist ic
ste ¡neger
Sin mayor fusión de escudos cefálicos; prefrontales, frontales, supralab iales y oculares
1.
siempre separados Fusión de escudos cefálicos frecuente ter íst lea
i
2
caracte jneger
y s
i
2. Very large and thick, adults 4O-5O cm long, I.5 cm in diameter; more than 42 segments per midbody annulus; lacking caudal autotomy 3 Small to medium sized, adults less than 35 '^'^ long, less than 1 cm in diameter; fewer than 48 segments per mldbody annulus; lacking 4 caudal autotomy Small to large, generally more slender; fewer than 85 segments per midbody annulus; caudal autotomy annulus present 8
2.
Adultos muy grandes y gruesos, 4O-5O cm de longitud, I.5 cm de diámetro; más de 42 segmentos por anillo del medio cuerpo; sin autotom'a caudal 3 Tamaño pequeño a mediano, adultos menos de 35 cm de longitud, menos de 1 cm de diámetro; menos de 48 segmentos por anillo del medio 4 cuerpo; sin autotom'a caudal Pequeños a grandes, generalmente más delgados; menos de 85 segmentos por anillo del medio cuerpo; con anillo autotomico caudal-
More than 65 segments per midbody annulus; head bluntly rounded; with prominent temporal bulges in adults; tail of same diameter as trunk; terminal caudal annul! weakly alba delimited; 4-10 precloacal pores Fewer than 65 segments per midbody annulus; head elongate, acutely pointed, with spatulate rostral tip; temporal bulges not prominent; tail of smaller diameter than trunk, reducing toward tip; terminal caudal annul! clearly marked; precloacal pores 3"^, usually 4 angust f rons
3.
Más de 65 segmentos por anillo del medio cuerpo; cabeza roma redondeada; con grandes protuberancias temporales en adultos; cola del mismo diámetro que el tronco; anillos caudales terminales débilmente delimitados; 4-10 poros alba precloacales Menos de 65 segmentos por anillo del medio cuerpo; cabeza alargada, muy puntuda, con ápice rostral espatulado; protuberancias temporales no prominentes; cola de menor diámetro que el tronco, afinándose hacia la punta; anilíos caudales terminales bien marcados; poros angust if rons precloacales 3"6, usualmente 4
More than 238 body annul! Fewer than 232 body annul!
4.
Más de 238 anillos del cuerpo Menos de 232 anillos del cuerpo
3.
i
4.
5.
5
6
More than 40 segments per midbody annulus occidental is Fewer than 41 segments per midbody annulus ste ndachner !
'This key omits the forms Amph! sbaena grácil £. plúmbea . and A^. polygramm lea as being insufficiently characterized.
^^^ ^^ ^^ segmentos por anillo del medio cuerpo occ idental is Menos de 41 segmentos por anillo del medio ste indachner cuerpo
5'
i
i
i
s
.
5
6
esta clave se omiten las formas Amph! sbaena grac ills . A, plúmbea y A. polyorammica por no estar suficientemente caracterizadas.
^^En
27
AMPHISBAENA 6.
Tail Cylindrical; without conspicuous nuchal constriction; 185 or more body annul!; snout broad 7 Tail sharply conical, tip only one-half diameter of base; distinct nuchal constriction; fewer than 153 body annuli; snout po in ted r dley
6.
Cola cilindrica; sin constricción nucal conspicua; 18$ o más anillos del cuerpo; hocico ancho 7 Cola cónica,diámetrodelapuntasólolamitaddel de la base; constricción nucal clara, menos de 153 anillos del cuerpo, hocico puntudo ridley
7.
Tail with marked vertical keel distally; 26-31 bahiana segments per midbody annulus Tail with round end; 23-42 segments per midbody annulus dub ¡a
7-
Cola con quilla vertical marcada distalmente, 26-3I segmentos por anillo del medio cuerpo
infralabials
8.
8.
Two supralab lals; fewer than three _
bah iana
Cola con punta redondeada; anillo del medio cuerpo
5.
i
I
10. Without postmalar row
11
Postmalar row present
17
5
infra10
Anillos del cuerpo 204-211; 22-26 segmentos por anillo del medio cuerpo; postocular mayor que prefrontales, dos nf ralab Iales slevln Anillos del cuerpo 225-228; 28-30 segmentos por anillo del medio cuerpo; postocular menor que parietales; un Infralablal y med io- vanzol in i
i
i
inf ralab iales-
.
Mas de dos supralabiales, más de dos lab Iales
10
Body annull 204-211; 22-26 segments per midbody annulus; postocular larger than prefrontals; two Infralabials slev In Body annull 225-228; 28-30 segments per midbody annulus; postocular smaller than parietals; vanzol n one and one-half infralabials
25-42 segmentos por dubia
Dos supralab jales; menos de tres _
5
More than two supralab ials; more than two infralabials 5.
i
i
i
i
i
postmalar Con hilera postmalai
10. Sin hilera
I
11
17
11. Two precloacal pores Four or more precloacal pores
12 15
11. Dos poros precloacales
más poros precloacales
15
12. Fewer than 182 body annuli
13 14
12. Menos de 182 anillos del cuerpo Más de 202 anillos del cuerpo
13 14
More than 202 body annuli
Cuatro
o
12
24-28 segments per midbody annulus neolecta Body annuli 175"181; 20-24 segments per midbody annulus s llvestr
I3. Menos de l62 anillos del cuerpo; 24-28 segmenneglecta tos por anillo del medio cuerpo
203-220; precloacal pores large and oval; nasals as large as or larger than prefrontals; parietals as large as or larger than frontals; tip of tail round m tchell Body annull 240-265; precloacal pores round or faintly oval; nasals smaller than prefrontals; parietals never larger than frontals; tip of robert tail with vertical keel
14.
13. Fewer than 162 body annuli;
I
14. Body annull
I
i
.
15.Postmental shield faintly longer, same size as, 16 or smaller than mental Postmental shield markedly longer and of larger carvalho area than mental i
16. Fewer than 215 body annuli; I6-I5 caudal annuli; 28-36 segments per midbody annulus; no distinct neck constriction; tail with same pigmentation pattern as body per icens s Body annuli 222-226; 15-24 caudal annuli; 26 midbody distinct segments per annulus; very neck constriction; tail more darkly pigmented n iqr cauda than body i
i
Anillos del medio cuerpo 175-181; 20-24 segmentos por anillo del medio cuerpo s Ivestr
I
i
I
i
Anillos del cuerpo 203-220; poros precloacales grandes y ovales; nasales tan grandes como o mayores que prefrontales; parietales tan grandes como o mayores que frontales; cola de m tchell punta redondeada Anillos del cuerpo 240-265; poros precloacales redondos o ligeramente ovales; nasales mas chicos que prefrontales; parietales nunca mayores que frontales; punta de la cola con roberti quilla vertical i
i
15.Escudo postmental ligeramente más largo que el mental, superficie del mismo tamaño o menor 16 que la de este Escudo postmental mucho más largo y de mayor carvalhoi superficie que el mental I6-I5 anillos caudales; 28-36 segmentos por anillo del medio cuerpo; sin constricción del cuello clara; cola con el mismo diseño de pigmentación que peri cens s el cuerpo Anillos del cuerpo 222-226; 13-24 anillos caudales; 26 segmentos por anillo del medio cuerpo; constricción del cuello bien neta; cola con pigmentación mas oscura que el cuerpo
16. Menos de 215 anillos del cuerpo;
i
n
i
qr icauda
28
AMPHISBAENA
17. Fewer than 56 segments per midbody annulus More than 54 segments per midbody annulus
18
I7. Menos de 56 segmentos por anillo del
18. More than four precloacal pores Fewer than five precloacal pores
medi
cuerpo Más de 5^ segmentos por anillo del medio camura cuerpo
camura
15 22
18. Más de cuatro poros precloacales
Menos de cinco poros
19 22
precloacales
cabeza con el mismo diseño de pigmentación que el cuerpo--20 Más de diez poros precloacales; cabeza y cuerpo hasta el sexto anillo sin pigmento
19. Fewer than eleven precloacal pores; head with 20 same pattern of pigmentation as body More than ten precloacal pores; head and body leucocephala to sixth annulus lacking pigment
I9. Menos de once poros precloacales;
20. Nasals smaller than prefrontals; without conspicuous checl<ered pattern; third supralabial not divided; suture between mental and first
20. Nasales menores que pref rontales;
—
leucocephala
cuadriculado conspicuo; tercer supralabial no dividido; sutura entre mental y primer infra-—21 labial distinta Nasales mayores que pref rontales; coloración en diseño cuadriculado conspicuo; tercer supralabial a menudo dividido; mental y primer ful g inosa infralabial a veces fusionados
21 infralabial distinct Nasals larger than prefrontals; conspicuous checkered pattern of coloration; third supralabial often divided; mental and first infraful q inosa labial sometimes fused
i
i
21.Parietals of same size as or larger than frontais; no preocular shields; pigmentation on anterior part of body segments only; tail mertens distinctly segmented to tip Parietals never larger than frontals; preocular shields split off second supralabial often present; temporal bulges; tail relatively blunt, without distinct segmentation to tip; uniform brown with ventral fading pretrei
sin diseño
iguales o mayores que frontales; sin escudos preoculares; pigmentación solo en la parte anterior de segmentos del cuerpo; cola con segmentación distinta hasta la punta mertens Parietales nunca mayores que los frontales; a menudo con escudos preoculares separados del segundo supralabial; protuberancias temporales; cola relativamente roma, sin segmentación distinta hasta la punta; pardo uniforme, más pálido a ventral pretre
21. Par etales i
i
i
i
22. Fewer than 261 body annul! More than 260 body annul i
23
occ dental i
is
with three or fewer supralabials, or small to medium size animals, with fewer than 219 body annul! and three or four 24 supralab a Is Medium to large, with more than 211 body annul! and four supralabials vermicular s
23. Medium to large,
261 anillos del cuerpo Más de 260 anillos del cuerpo
22. Menos de
23
occ dental i
is
23.
Animales medianos a grandes con tres o menos animales medianos a chicos supralab iales, con menos de 219 anillos del cuerpo y tres o 24 cuatro supralab iales Animales medianos a grandes con más de 211 anilíos del cuerpo y cuatro supralab iales verm icular s
24.
Contacto entre mental y postmental a lo largo de una línea; raramente con un punto de contacto entre primeros parietales 25 Mental triangular y postmental en forma de losanje tienen un punto de contacto; los primeros parietales también tienen un punto de heath contacto; cabeza alargada y aplanada
i
i
i
24. Contact between mental and postmental forms
rarely with point contact between first parietals 25 Triangular mental and lozenge shaped postmental meet in point contact; also point contact between first parietals; head elongate and flattened h eath line;
i
25.Body generally not lighter ventrally; Uniform dark brown body; tip of tail
uniformly colored, often caudal tip not white 26 color throughout most of white slater i
i
cuerpo generalmente no uniforme, a menudo más claro a ventral; punta de la cola no blanca 26 Color pardo uniforme a lo largo de casi todo el cuerpo; punta de la cola blanca^ slater
25. Color del
i
26. Postmental shield of same size as or smaller
than mental Postmental shield markedly larger length and area than mental
26. Escudo postmental
27 in
both
spurrell
igual o menor que mental 27 Escudo postmental mucho mayor en longitud y superficie que mental spurrell i
i
29
AMPHISBAENA 27. Segments of body without tuberculat ion, or tuberculat on present, only posterior to
if
27.
i
caudal autotomy constriction; generally three supralab a Is 28 Segments of body and tail with squarish tuberculation; four supralab ials; medium size; 2O5205 body annuli roze i
i
very rarely two precloacal pores; fewer than 215 body annuli 25 Two precloacal pores; more than 216 body annuli leeser
28. Four,
i
25. Two rows of postgenials;
generally more than seven postmalars; autotomy constriction generally beyond fifth caudal annulus 3'' Generally one row of postgenials, or, if two, second with very tiny segments; 6-8 postmalars; autotomy constriction at fourth to sixth caudal annuli; I77-I9I body annul i- hoqe i
30. Second supralabial generally larger than first
fewer than 208 body annuli 3I Second supralabial generally smallest of supralabials; more than I96 body annuli munoa and third;
i
31.Generally more than 24 segments in caudal annulus just anterior to autotomy constriction <jarwin
i
i
Generally 23 or fewer segments in caudal annulus just anterior to autotomy constriction prun icolor
Segmentos del cuerpo sin tubérculos con tubérculos solo a posterior de constricción autotómica caudal; generalmente tres supralab
i
a
les
28
Segmentos del cuerpo y cola con tubérculos cuadrados; cuatro supralab iales; tamaño mediano; 205-205 anillos del cuerpo roze i
raramente dos, poros precloacales; menos de 219 anillos del cuerpo 23 Dos poros precloacales; más de 216 anillos del
28. Cuatro,
cuerpo
leeser
30
Generalmente una hilera de postgeniales, o si hay dos, la segunda con segmentos muy chicos; 6-8 postmalares; constricción autotómica en anillos caudales cuarto a sexto; 177-191 anillos del cuerpo hoqe
mero y tercero; menos de 208 anillos del cuerpo 31 Segundo supralab iales generalmente el menor de los supralab iales; más de I96 anillos del cuerpo munoa i
31. Generalmente más de 24 segmentos en anillo cau-
dal inmediato anterior a constricción autotóm ica darw in Generalmente 23 o menos segmentos en anillo caudal inmediato anterior a constricción autotómi ca prun color i
AMPHISBAENA ALBA Linnaeus Type-locality: America. 1758 Amph sbaena alba Linnaeus, Systema Naturae, Ed, 10: 229. Type-locality: 1791 Amphisbaena rosea Shaw and Nodder, Naturalist's Miscellany, '}: pi. 86 plus text. Amer ca. 1822 Amph sbaena pachyura Wolf, Abbildungen und Beschre ibungen merkwürd ger naturw ssenschaf tl icher Gegenstande, 2: 61. Type-locality: None designated. 1825 Amphisbaena flavescens Wied. Abbildungen zur Naturgesch ichte Brasilens: pi. '). Type-locality: "Bahía Belmente, . . . grossen Waldungen am Flusse Mucur'" Brazil; restricted to mouth of Rio Mucuri by Gans, Amer. Mus. Novitates, 2IO5, I962, ]. I885 Amphisbaena beniensis Cope. Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc, 22 (l884): 184. Type-locality: Upper Rio Ben , Bol v ia. 1885 Amphisbaena alba var. radiata Cope. Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc, 22 (l884): I94, fig. J. Typelocality: Unknown. Type1885 Amphisbaena alba var. dissecta Cope, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc, 22 (l884): I94, fig. 8. locality: Venezuela. 1355 Amphisbaena alba Vanzolini, Arq. Mus. Nac Brazil, 42: 683. 1962 Amphisbaena alba Gans, Amer. Mus. Novitates, 2IO5: 1, figs. I-7. i
i
i
i
i
— —
Distribution: Forested lowlands of South America, from Panama (?) through Venezuela and Guianas; Colombia, Peru and Bolivia east of Andes; Brazil and northern Paraguay; Trinidad.
AMPHISBAENA ANGUSTIFRONS Cope I86I Amph sbaena angust f rons Cope, Proc Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., I86I: 76. Type-locality: Buenos A ¡res, Argent na. 1928 Amphisbaena kniqhti Parker. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (lO) 2: 383. Type-locality: Bonifacio, Argentina, about 3604g'S and 62°18'W. 1965 Amphisbena angust f rons Gans. Amer. Mus. Novitates, 2225: 1, figs. 5-10. i
i
i
i
Distribution:
i
30. Segundo supralabial generalmente mayor que pri-
i
i
i
29.005 hileras de postgeniales; generalmente más de siete postmalares; constricción autotómica generalmente más allá del quinto anillo caudal
—
Central and northern Argentina to Bolivia.
i
30
AMPHISBAENA AMPHISBAENA BAH ANA Vanzolini I
1564 Amph sbaena bah iana Vanzolini, Pilot Register of Zoology, Ithaca, New York, Card Villa Nova (= Senhor do Bonfim), Bahía, Brazil. locality: 1564 Amphisbaena bah iana Gans, Senckenberg iana, 4$: 412, figs. 18-20. I
8:
1.
Type-
—
Brazil.
Bahía,
Distribution:
AMPHISBAENA CAWURA Cope Type-locality: Paraguay. I862 Amph isbaena camura Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1862: 35^Type-locality: 1910 Amphisbaena boliviana Werner. Mitt. Naturhist. Mus. Hamburg, 2/ (2): 35* Headwaters of R'o Amazon, Provincia Beni, Bolivia. Villa Montes, Río Type-locality: 1523 Amphisbaena camura boli vica Mertens, Zool. Anz., 86: 60. Pilcomayo, Bolivia. 1965 Amphisbaena camura Gans. Amer. Mus. Novitates, 222$: 22, figs. 11-16.
—
Central and northern Argentina, Paraguay, Amazonian Bolivia, Mato Grosso of Brazil.
Distribution:
AMPHISBAENA CARVALHOI Gans 136s Amphisbaena carvalhoi Gans. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (4) 3I: 625, figs. 8-12. Pofáo, Serra de Acahy, Municipio de Pesqueira, Pernambuco, Brazil, IO35 i".
Type-locality:
Known only from type locality.
Distribution:
AMPHISBAENA DARWIN!
Duméril and Bibron
I
Type-locality: Duméril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., 5' 43O. I833 Amph isbaena Darw n 1366 Amphisbaena darwini —Gans. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., I34: 234. i
i
i
Montevideo, Uruguay.
Distribution: Sao Paulo and Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; southern Bolivia; Paraguay, Uruguay and northern Argentina. Content:
Three subspecies.
Clave de subespecies
Key to the subspecies 1.
Segments of annuli on tail not swollen, raised, or forming tubercles 2 Segments of annuli on posterior end of tail modified into rounded tubercles; those on distalmost annuli with secondary, caudally directed, projecting points trachura
1.
Segmentos de anillos en la cola no hincha2 dos, elevados ni formando tubérculos Segmentos de anillos del extremo posterior de la cola formando tubérculos redondeados los de los anillos más distales con puntas salientes dirigidas hacia caudal-- trachura
2.
Tail generally not swollen beyond autotomy point; ventral surface of tail light, with no or only slightly emphasized darker pigment on autotomy segment darw n Tail noticeably swollen beyond autotomy point; ventral surface of tail pigmented, with autotomy annulus marked with darker
2.
Cola generalmente no hinchada más alia del
i
pigment
i
i
heterozonata
Amph isbaena darw
in
i
i
darwin
i
i
38,
Distribution:
figs.
1-2;
i
i
Duméril and Bibron
1366 Amphisbaena darwini darw pi.
i
punto de autotomía; superficie ventral de la cola clara, sin pigmento más oscuro en el segmento de autotomía o sólo ligeradarw n mente pigmentado Cola notablemente hinchada más allá del punto de autotomía; superficie ventral de la cola pigmentada, con anillo de autotonía marcado por pigmento oscuroheterozonata
pi.
i
n
i
—Gans. Bull. Amer.
33,
fig.
6;
pi.
Southern and central Uruguay.
Mus. Nat. Hist., 134: 40, figs. 1-2; figs. 23-3O
234,
pi.
37, fig.
1;
31
AMPHISBAENA Amph isbaena darwi
i
i
heterozonata Burmeister
1861 A.[ mphisbaena ] heterozonata Burmeister, Reise durch die La Plata-Staa ten, 2: 527. locality: Mendoza and Tucuman, Argentina; restricted to Mendoza, Argentina, by Zeits. fur Naturwiss., 54, 1541, I55; corrected to Tucuman, Argentina, by Gans, Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., I34, I566, 23I. 1966 Amphisbaena darwini heterozonata Gans. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 134: 235, pi. fig. 4> pi. 35, figs. 1-4; pi. 40, fig. 8; figs. 33-34.
—
Distribution:
TypeMüller, Bull. 37,
Argentina north of Buenos Aires to southern Bolivia and central Paraguay.
Amphisbaenadarwinii tra chura Cope 1878 Amphisbaena mildei Peters. Monats. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, I878: 773, fig. 3. Type-locality: Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. 188S Amphisbaena trachura Cope, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc, 22 (I884): I85. Type-locality: San Joao do Monte Negro, which is Montenegro, Rio Grando do Sul, Brazil. 1966 Amphisbaena darwini trachura Gans, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 134: 237, pi. 37, fig. 3; pi. 38, figs. 3-6; pi. 35, fig. 5; pi. 40, figs. 3-7; figs. 3I-32.
—
Distribution: Sao Paulo and Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, northeastern Argentina.
into northern Uruguay and extreme
Comment: A petition has been submitted to the international Committee on Zoological Nomenclature to set aside milde Peters in favor of trachura Cope. i
AMPHISBAENA DUB
I
A
Müller
1924 Amphisbaena dubia Müller, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 11: de Sao Paulo, Brazil. Gans. Breviora, 2O5: 2, figs. I-7. 1564 Amphisbaena dubia
86.
Type-locality:
Piracicaba, Estado
—
Distribution:
Sao Paulo, Paraná, and Santa Catarina, Brazil.
Comment: This taxon is not preoccupied by Amphisbaena dubia Rathke, I863, according to Gans, Bull. Zool. Nomen., 18, I56I, 220, and Opinion 664, Bull. Zool. Nomen., 20, I963, 197.
AMPHISBAENA FULIGINOSA Linnaeus I7S8 Amphisbaena fuliginosa Linnaeus. Systema Naturae, Ed. 10: 225. Type-locality: to be Guianas by Vanzolini, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 106, I95I, 58.
America; believed
Distribution; Amazonian Peru, Ecuador, Colombia and Brazil; northern South America; Pacific Ecuador and Colombia; Panama. Content:
Five subspecies.
Key to the subspecies!
Clave de .subespec ies^
1.
Abdomen always less densely pigmented than dorsum, may be immaculate 2 Abdomen and dorsum about equally densely pigmented 4
1.
Abdomen siempre menos densamente pigmentado 2 que el dorso, puede ser inmaculado Abdomen y dorso con pigmentación aproxima4 damente igual
2.
Dorsal spots rather crowded, with distinct margins, tending toward checkered pattern-
2.
Manchas dorsales bastante amontonadas, con margenes netos, con tendencia a un diseño cuadriculado 3 Manchas dorsales ampliamente dispersas, pueden faltar o mostrar tendencia a formar bandas transversales angostas bassler
3
Dorsal spots widely scattered, may be absent or show tendency to form narrow crossbands bassler
^Key adapted from Vanzolini, Bull.
Mus.
Comp.
-.
i
i
Zool.,
106,
I55I.
32
AMPHISBAENA
3»
Head immaculate or spotted; abdomen showing much less black tinan dorsum but still witli ful q nosa many spots Head almost always immaculate; abdomen amazon ica scarcely spotted
3»
Cabeza inmaculada o mancliada; abdomen presenta mucho menos negro que el dorso pero aun con muchas manchas ful iq inosa Cabeza casi siempre inmaculada; abdomen escasamente manchado amazon ica
var ia Head as heavily pigmented as body Head immaculate or with very little spotwied ting
4.
Cabeza tan densamente pigmentada como el cuerpo var ia Cabeza inmaculada o escasamente manchada wied
i
4.
i
i
i
Amph sbaena ful i
i
g
i
nosa ful
i
q
i
nosa Linnaeus
Type-locality: None given. Amph isbaena vulqar s Laurenti, Synopsin Reptilium: 66. America. Type-locality: Amph sbaena maqn f ca Laurenti, Synopsin Reptilium: 66. Type-locality: America. Amph isbaena flava Laurenti, Synopsin Reptilium: 67. TypeAmph sbaena Americana Gray, Cat. Tort., Croc, and Amphis. Brit. Mus.: 7"' South America, Demerara, and Berbice; restricted to Berbice, Guyana, through locality: lectotype designation by Gans, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 135, 1967> 70' Vanzolini, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 106: 60. 1551 Amph sbaena ful iq inosa ful iq nosa
iy68 1768 1768 1844
i
i
i
i
i
—
i
i
Trinidad to French Guiana, eastern Venezuela.
Distribution:
Amph sbaena ful i
i
q
i
nosa amazon ca Vanzolini i
I863 Amphisbaena dubia Rathl<e, Abh. Bayerischen Akad. Wiss. Math. locality: None. 1551 Amph sbaena ful q nosa amazon ica Vanzolini, Bull. Mus. Comp. locality: Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. i
i
i
Comment; The name Amph sbaena dub Nomen., 20, I963, I97. i
i
q
Zool.,
106:
128.
62.
i
nosa bassler
i
ia
Rathke, I863, was suppressed
in
Vanzolini i
i
i
i
Type-
—
Amazonian basin of Peru, Ecuador and northern Bolivia; Chaco of Argentina.
Distribution:
iq
Type-
Opinion 664, Bull. Zool.
Vanzolini, Bull. Mus. Comp, Zool., 106: 61. 1951 Amph isbaena ful iq inosa bassler locality: Roaboya, Loreto, Peru. Rhodes, Herpetolog ica, I9: 1751963 A.j^ mph sbaenaj f .|_ ul q inosaj bassler
Amph isbaena ful
Type-
Amazon Valley from Manaus, Brazil, to Leticia, Colombia and southern
Distribution: Venezuela.
Amph isbaena ful
Phys. CI., 9:
i
nosa var
ia
Laurenti
176s Amph sbaena var ia Laurenti, Synopsin Reptilium: 66. Type-locality: America; restricted through neotype designation to Barro Colorado Island, Canal Zone, Panama, by Vanzolini, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 106, 1951, 61. 1951 Amphisbaena fuliqinosa varia Vanzolini, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 106: 61. i
—
Distribution: Panama to near V llavicenc Pacific slope of Ecuador and Colombia. i
Amph sbaena ful i
i
q
i
nosa w iedi
io,
Vanzolini
1951 Amphisbaena fuliginosa wiedi Vanzolini, Santa Maria, Bahia, Brazil.
Distribution:
Colombia, and to near Trinidad, Venezuela;
Bull.
Mus.
Comp.
Zool.,
106:
Known from type locality and lower Rio Amazonas, Brazil.
62.
Type-locality:
33
AMPHISBAENA AMPHISBAENA GRACILIS Strauch 1881 Amphlsbaena gracilis Strauch, Bull. Acad. Unknown, but apparently America.
Distribution:
Imp.
Sci.
St.
Pétersbourg, 28; col. 7O.
Type-locality:
Known only from type material.
Comment: The status of this form Nat. Hist., 135, 1567, 71.
is
in
considerable doubt, according to Cans, Bull. Amer. Mus.
AMPHISBAENA HEATH! Schmidt 1936 Amphisbaena heathi Schmidt. Herpetolog ica, 1: 2?, pi. 3, fig. 1. Type-locality: Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. 1%'i Amphisbaena heathi Cans. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (4) 3I: 615, figs. 2-6.
Baixa Verde,
—
Distribution:
Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
AMPHISBAENA HOGEI Vanzolini iq')0 Amphisbaena darwini hoqei Vanzolini, Pap. Avul. Depto. Zool., Sao Paulo, 9: 7O. Type-locality: llha dos Alcatrazes, Sao Paulo, Brazil. 1966 Amphisbaena hoqei Gans. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 134: 25O, pi. 43, figs. 4-6; pi. 44, figs. 4-6; figs. 42-43.
—
Distribution: Brazil.
Eastern Sao Paulo to Santa Catarina,
llha dos Alcatrazes,
llha Queimada
Grande,
AMPHISBAENA LEESERI Gans 1564 Amphisbaena leeseri Brazil.
Distribution:
Gans, Copeia,
1964:
554,
figs.
3-9.
Type-locality:
Urucum, Mato Grosso,
Southwestern Mato Grosso, Brazil to Rio Apa, northern Paraguay.
AMPHISBAENA LEUCOCEPHALA Peters 1878 Amphisbaena leucocephala Peters, Monats. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, I878: 778, fig. Bahía, Brazil. 196s Amphisbaena leucocephala Gans, Amer. Midi. Nat., 74: 402, figs. 12-14.
1.
Type-locality:
—
Distribution:
AMPHISBAENA MERTENS
Bahía, Brazil.
I
I
Strauch
1881 Amphisbaena mertens
189*
1898 1911 1911
1933 1966
Strauch, Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Pétersbourg, 28: col. 66. Type-locality: "Wahrscheinlich an irgend einem Kustenpunkte Sud Amerikas"; restricted to State of Sao Paulo, Brazil, by Gans, Copeia, I966, 535. Amphisbaena Bohlsii Boulenger, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) I3: 344. Type-locality: Near Asuncion, Paraguay. Amphisbaena mattoqrossens s Peracca. Boll. Mus. Zool. Comp. Anat. Univ. Torino, I3 (326): 1, Type-locality: Colonia Teresa Cristina, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Amphisbaena carruccii Masi, Boll. Soc. Zool. Italiana, (2) 12: 23O. Type-locality: Cerro S. Ana, Territorio de Misiones, Argentina. Amphisbaena boulenqeri Mas!, Boll. Soc. Zool. Italiana, (2) 12: 232. Type-locality: Cerro S. Ana, Territorio de Misiones, Argentina. Amphisbaena albissima Amaral. Mem. Inst. Butantan, 7 (1932): 55, figs. 4-6. Type-locality: Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil, Amphisbaena mertens -Gans, Copeia, I966: 534, figs. 1-10.
Distribution:
i
i
i
i
Southeastern Brazil to Misiones, northern Argentina and eastern Paraguay.
34
AMPHISBAENA AMPHISBAENA MITCHELLI Procter 192^ Amphisbaena mitchelli Procter, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, I523: IO65, figs. Iha do Mara jó, mouth of Amazon, Brazil. Cans. Amer. Mus. Novitates, 212?: 3, figs. 2-/. 1%3 Amphisbaena m tchell I
I
Type-locality:
—
i
i
Distribution:
2a-d.
Iha do Marajó and Belem,
Para, Brazil.
AMPHISBAENA MUNOAI Klappenbach 1560 Amphisbaena muñoa Klappenbach, Común. Zool. Mus. Hist. Nat. Montevideo, 4 (84): 3, pi. 1, figs. Cerro de Animas, Departamento de Maldonado, Uruguay. Type-locality: 1-3, and pi. 3, figs. 4-7» Cans. Bull. Araer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 134: 243, pl- *1> figs. 1-7; pi. 42, fig. 1566 Amphisbaena munoai 1; figs. 35-37-
—
Distribution:
Elevated areas of southern and eastern Uruguay, north into Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
AMPHISBAENA NEGLECTA Dunn and Piatt 1936 Amphisbaena nealecta Dunn and Piatt, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 88: Chapada, Mato Grosso, Brazil. 1562 Amphisbaena neqlecta Cans. Copela, 1562: I65, fig. 8.
Type-locality:
527.
—
Distribution:
East central Mato Grosso
into central Goias,
Brazil.
AMPHISBAENA NIGRICAUDA Gans 1566 Amphisbaena niqricauda Gans, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 134: 252, pi. 45, figs. 1-7; figs. 44Refugio Sooretama, Linhares, Espirito Santo, Brazil. Type-locality: 45.
Distribution:
Known only from type locality.
AMPHISBAENA OCCIDENTAL
IS
Cope
I876 Amphisbaena occidentalis Cope. Jour. Acad. Nat. Valley of Jequetepeque, north coast of Peru.
Distribution: Content:
Sci.
Phila., (2)
(I875):
I76.
Type-locality:
Pacific slope of Peru.
Two subspecies.
Clave de subespecies
Key to the subspecies 1.
8
No autotomy constriction;
18-21 caudal annuli; three postgenials in first row; little if any elongation of dorsal segments of trunk annuli 7"12 occ dental s Autotomy constriction present; 22-26 caudal annuli; 4-5 postgenials in first row; marked elongation of dorsal segments of trunk annuli 7-12 townsendi i
Amph isbaena occ idental
is
Distribution:
i
i
18-21 anillos caudales; tres postgeniales en la primera hilera; poco o ningún alargamiento de los segmentos dorsales de los anillos del occ dental s tronco 1-\2 Con constricción autotómica; 22-26 anillos caudales; 4-5 postgeniales en la primera hilera; alargamiento marcado de los segmentos dorsales de los anillos del tronco townsendi 7- 12 Sin constricción autotómica;
i
i
occ idental is Cope
1561 Amph sbaena occ dental i
1.
is
occ dental i
i
s
— Gans,
Postilla, Yale Univ.,
Chimbóte to Chiclay, coastal plain of Peru.
'¡¡i>:
],
figs.
4,
5,
8-5.
35
AMPHISBAENA
Amph isbaena occ dental i
i
s
townsendi Stejneger
1511 Amph isbaena townsendi Stejneger, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 41: 283. Peru. Gans, Postilla, Yale Univ., 1561 Amphisbaena occidentalis townsendi 10-13.
—
Distribution:
Type-locality: 56:
8,
figs.
5>
Piura, It
Piura to Lobitos, coastal plain of Peru.
AMPHISBAENA PERICENSIS Noble 1921 Amphisbaena pericensis Noble, Ann. New York Acad. Sc 1963 Amphisbaena pericensis Gans, Breviora, I85: 3» figs* i
.
—
Distribution:
,
2'):
141.
Perico, Peru.
Type-locality:
1-8.
Arid inland valleys of Rio Chinchipe and R'o Marañen, from Perico to Bellavista, Peru.
AMPHISBAENA PLÚMBEA Gray I872 Amph isbaena plúmbea Gray, Cat. Shield Rept. Brit. Mus.. 1928 Amphisbaena plúmbea Parker. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (lo)
—
Distribution:
2:
36-
2:
383.
Type-locality:
Mendoza, Argentina
West central Argentina.
AMPHISBAENA POLYGRAMMICA Werner 1500 Amphisbaena polyorammica Werner. Abh. Ber. Zool. Anthrop. Chanchamayo, Peru.
Distribution:
Mus.
Dresden, 9 (^J!
5-
Type-locality:
Known only from type locality.
AMPHISBAENA PRETREI Duméril and Bibron Type-locality: Brazil. 1839 Amphisbaena Pretrei Duméril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., 5' ''SG. I865 Amph isbaena petrae Gray ( in error), Proc. Zool. Soc. London, I865: 447Type-locality: I878 Amphisbaena subocularis Peters, Monats. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, I878: 779> ^'9* 2. Pernambuco, Brazil. Boulenger (emendation of pretre Duméril and Bibron), Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., I885 Amph sbaena pretr 2: 440. Type-locality: 1933 Amphisbaena brachyura Amaral. Mem. Inst. Butantan, 7 (1932): 55, figs. I-3. Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil. 1938 Amphisbaena petrei Amaral (in error), Mem. Inst. Butantan, 11 (1937): I97. 1965 Amphisbaena pretre —Gans. Amer. Midi. Nat., 74: 39I, figs. 4-11. i
i
i
i
i
i
Distribution:
Rio Grande do Norte to Minas Gerais, Brazil.
AMPHISBAENA PRUNICOLOR (Cope) Type-locality: 1885 Aporarchus prunicolor Cope. Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc, 22 (l884): I89. Monte Negro, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Gans. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 134: 246. 1966 Amphisbaena prunicoloi
Distribution: Content:
Northern Argentina, southeastern Brazil, Paraguay.
Two subspecies.
Sao Joao do
36
AMPHISBAENA Clave de subespecies
Key to the subspecies 1.
Relatively short head; 24-35 segments per midbody annulus; with Intercalated dorsal half annulus on neck; pigmentation dropping out at ventral surface generally in prunicolor checkered pattern Relatively elongate head; 27-3O segments per midbody annulus; without intercalated half annulus in nuchal region; light alboci nqulata brown with ventral fading
1.
Cabeza relativamente corta; 24-35 segmentos por anillo del medio cuerpo; con medio anillo dorsal intercalado en el cuello; pigmentación generalmente en diseño cuadprunicolor riculado desaparece a ventral Cabeza relativamente alargada; 27-3O segmentos por anillo del medio cuerpo; sin medio anillo intercalado en región nucal; pardo claro que no palidece a ventral alboc nqulata i
Amph sbaena prun color prun icolor (Cope) i
i
1966 Amphisbaena prunicolor prunicoloi figs. 1-3; figs. 38-39.
Gans,
Bull. Amer.
Nat. Hist.,
Mus.
134:
246,
Misiones, Argentina, and Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; possibly north Distribution: Espirito Santo, Brazil.
pi.
42,
into
Amph sbaena prun icolor alboc nqulata Boettger i
i
Type-locality: 188S Amphisbaena alboc nqulata Boettger, Zeits. fur Naturwiss., 58: 219. Paraguay. Gans, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 134: 248, pi. 1966 Amphisbaena prunicolor alboc nqulata 43, figs. 1-3; pi. 44, figs. 1-3; figs. 40-41. i
i
Paraguay, perhaps north
Distribution:
AMPH ISBAENA RIDLEY
I
—
into Mato Grosso and Goias,
Brazil.
Boulenger
Porto Bello, Type-locality: ISqO Amphisbaena Ridleyi Boulenger, Jour. Linnean Soc. London, 20: 481. West Indies, and Fernando do Noronha, Brazil; restricted to Fernando do Noronha, Brazil by Gans, Copeia, I963, IO3. Gans. Copeia, I963: 102, figs. 1-6. 196^ Amphisbaena ri dley i
Distribution:
—
llha de Fernando do Noronha,
Brazil.
AMPHISBAENA ROBERTI Gans Gans. Senckenberg iana, 45: 1964 Amphisbaena robert Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. i
Distribution:
402, figs.
II-I7.
Type-locality:
Ypiranga, Sao
Coastal SSo Paulo inland to southwestern Minas Gerais and southern Goias, Brazil.
AMPHISBAENA ROZEI Lancini 1963 Amphisbaena rozei Lancini, Publ. Ocas. Mus. Cien. Nat. Caracas, Zool., 6 (3): 1, figs. 1-4.^ Typelocality: Cabeceras del caño Majagua, Río Chajurá, tributary of R'o Erebato, Estado Bol'var, Venezuela.
Distribution:
Known only from type locality.
AMPHISBAENA SILVESTRI
I
Boulenger
1902 Amphisbaena Silvestrii Grosso, Braz 1 1962 Amphisbaena s Ivestr 1964 Amphisbaena silvestrii
Boulenger, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (7)
J:
i
i
Distribution:
i
i
— Gans. —
Copeia, I962: Gans, Copeia, 1964:
Rio Tocantins,
Mato Grosso,
I67, figs.
3,
5,
].
55'''
Brazil west to Bolivia.
287.
Type-locality:
Cuyaba, Mato
37
AMPHISBAENA
AMPHISBAENA SLATERI Boulenger 1507 Amphisbaena Slateri Boulenger, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (7) I?: Valley, Provincia Carabaya, Peru, 2OOO-3OOO ft.
Type-locality:
487.
R'o San Gabar
Known only from type and from two Bolivian specimens that possibly represent Distribution: distinct southern race, according to Cans, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 135» I967, 7*-
a
AMPHISBAENA SLEVINI Schmidt 1536 Amph sbaena slev Amazonas, Braz 1563 Amphisbaena slevi i
Distribution:
i
n
i
1.
Schmidt, Herpetolog ca,
i
i
1:
!
— Gans.
Amer.
pl-
31>
3>
^'9'
3»
Type-locality:
Manaus,
Novitates, 2127: 14, figs. 10-14.
Mus,
Known from vicinity of type locality only.
AMPHISBAENA SPURRELLI Boulenger Boulenger, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1915' ^59» fig- !• 1915 Amph sbaena spurrell Andagoya, at junction of R'os Condoto and San Juan, Colombia. Gans, Breviora, Mus. Comp. Zool., I7I: 2, figs. 1-8. 1962 Amphisbaena spurrelli i
i
Type-locality:
—
Distribution:
Venezuela and northern Colombia to Panama.
AMPHISBAENA STE NDACHNERI Strauch I
1881 Amph isbaena ste indachner Strauch, Bull. Acad. locality: Calcara, Mato Grosso, Brazil. i
Distribution: Content:
Sc
i
.
St.
Petersbourg,
28:
col.
Type-
81.
Southwestern Brazil, and Chaco of Bolivia; possibly Argentina.
Two subspecies.
Key to the subspec 1.
Imp.
Clave de subespecies
ies-'-
Ventral segments to one body annulus I6; 25O-266 body annul! ste indachner Ventral segments to one body annulus more borell than 16; 239-245 body annuli I
1.
i
Segmentos ventrales de cada anillo del cuerpo I6; 250-266 anillos del cuerpo ste Indachner Segmentos ventrales de cada anillo del anillos del cuerpo más de 16; 239-245 borell cuerpo i
Amph sbaena ste indachner i
i
ste ndachner
i
Distribution;
I
— Mertens, Folla Zool. — Gans, Senckenberg lana, ]
Hydroblol., Riga, 45:
391» figs.
1:
l64.
2-7-
Southwestern Brazil.
Amph sbaena ste ndachner I
stei ndachner ste indachner
[ I
i
borell
i
i
i
Strauch
i
1930 Amph isbaena ste Indachner 1964 Amphisbaena ste ndachner
i
Peracca
Peracca, Boll. Mus. Zool. Comp. Anat. Univ. Torino, 12 (274): I897 Amphisbaena Borelli Calza, Chaco of Bolivia. figs. Type-locality: Gans, Senckenberg lana, 45- 397> figs. 5"9' 1964 Amph Isbaena ste indachneri borell i
I
I
8,
—
Known only from types and one specimen with Distribution: Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia". Taken from Gans, Senckenberg lana, 45, 19^4, 391*
no
data
in
Museo Argentino de
38
AMPHISBAENA
AMPHISBAENA STEJNEGERI Ruthven 1.
Type-locality:
1963 Amph isbaena vanzolinii Gans. Amer. Mus. Novitates, 2138; I3, figs. 10-14. Marudi, on tributary of Kuyuwini River, at 2°5'N and 50°E> Guyana.
Type-locality;
1522 Amph isbaena ste jneaer Ruthven, Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 122; reef at Vreeden Rust, Demerara River, Guyana. Cans, Amer. Mus. Novitates, 2128: 3> figs. 2-5. 1563 Amphisbaena stejneqeri i
Sand
—
Distribution:
Coastal Guyana.
AMPHISBAENA VANZOLINI
Distribution:
I
Cans
Guyana on Kuyuwini and New Rivers.
AMPHISBAENA VERMICULARIS Wagler Type-locality: Bahía, Bahía, 1824 Amph isbaena verm icular is Wagler, in Spix, Sp. Nov. Serp. Bras.; 73» Brazil. Type-locality; 1935 Amph sbaena verm icular s central s Amaral, Mem. Inst. Butantan, 5' 255» fig- ?• Canna Brava, Goias, Brazil. Schmidt, Herpetolog ica, 1; 3^, pl. 3'^» fig- 2. Ceara Mirim, Type-locality: 1536 Amph sbaena spix Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Acad. Sc (a) and Amdur, Proc. California Amphisbaena verm icular is Gans 1566 . , 33' 1^> figs. 1-5» i
i
i
i
i
—
i
Brazil, south of Amazon to Minas Gerais and inland across Goias and Mato Grosso, Distribution: Brazil; Bolivia.
39
repulía: SAURlA: TEIIDAE
"^
ANADIA oC-^^j,^ ,^^^
ANADIA Gray
1845 Anadia Gray, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.; 58. Type-species; Anadia ocellata Gray. 1862 Xestosaurus Peters, Abh. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1862: 216. Type-species: Anadia ( Xestosaurus ) Boqotens s Peters. 1876 Chalcidolepis Cope. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sc . Phila., (2) 8 (I875): II6. Type-species: Chale idolep metall icus Cope. i
i
Distribution: Content:
Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, Panama, Costa Rica, Gorgona
Key to the species
Clave de especies
Dorsal scales squared and juxtaposed Dorsal socales rounded and imbricate boqotens
2.
More than 40 scales around middle of body Fewer than 36 scales around middle of body
—
4.
5.
Three supraoculars Four supraoculars More than 40 and base of Fewer than35 and base of
!•
Escamas dorsales cuadradas y yuxtapuestas 2 Escamas dorsales redondeadas imbricadas boqotens is
J 5
2.
Mas de 40 escamas al medio del cuerpoMenos de 36 escamas al medio del cuerpo
4
J.
2 is
steyer
rows of scales between occipital pulchella tailrows of scales between occipital rhomb if era tail
Fewer than 3O scales around middle of body More than JO scales around middle of body
4.
4
steyeri
Más de 40 hileras de escamas entre occipital y pulchella ra z de la cola Menos de 35 hileras de escamas entre occipital rhombif era y raiz de la cola i
6
5-
Menos de *^3s
7
de
3^^
escamas al medio del cuerpo escamas al medio del cuerpo
6
3^^
J
blakei metall ica
Seis supralabialesSiete supralabiales
50 rows of scales between occipital 8 of tail 40 rows of scales between occipital 10 of tail
7-
^^^ de 5^ hileras de escamas entre occipital y 8 raiz caudalMenos de 40 hileras de escamas entre occipital 10 raiz caudal y
8.
Sin series de ocelos a los lados cuerpoSeries de ocelos a los lados del cuerpo-ocellata
7.
More than and base Fewer than Eind base
8.
Without lateral ocelli on body With lateral ocelli on body
9
ocellata
Three pairs of postmentals in contact on midvittata l\^g Two pairs of postmentals in contact on midanqust iceps l\^g
5»
of scales between collar and postduque mentals 16 Number of scales between collar and postbitaeniata mentals 12-14
10. Number
ANADIA ANGUSTICEPS Parker r
A.
v
.
¡^
--
1926 Anadia anqusticeps Parker. Ann. Island, Colombia.
Distribution:
,;.%,.,,_
a
Mag.
Tres pares de posmentales en contacto en la vittata 1 Tnea media ^°^ pares de posmentales en contacto en la anqust iceps la línea media
lO.Diesiseis escamas entre collar y posmenduquei tales Doce a catorce escamas entre collar y posiata bi taen mentales--
i
Nat.
Hist., (9) 1/:
550, 3 figs.
Type-locality:
Gorgona
Known only from type locality.
ANADIA BITAENIATA Boulenger
i,v.j of'
f-.oí
5
6.
Six supralabials
Seven supralabials
*^
Tres supraoculares Cuatro supraoculares
3
blakei metall ica
6.
9.
Id.
Eleven species.
1.
3.
o^'^'^
is
Escorial and Culata, Estado de
190^ Anadia bitaeniata Boulenger, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (7) 12: 43I. Merida, Venezuela, 33OO m. Type-locality: 1944 Anadia pamplonensis Dunn. Caldasia, 3 (ll): 64.
Distribution:
Andean Venezuela and Colomb
ia.
^
(^C.
fa
^^ at,
m-fj <
,
Pamplona, Colombia, 234O i,
,,
,^, ,,
.
m.
40
ANADIA
ANADIA BLAKEI Schmidt
^i.
19^2 Anadia blakei Schmidt. Zool. Ser. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., 18: mountains, Estado Sucre, Venezuela, l600m.
Distribution:
„''
l6l.
Type-locality;
Turumiquire
Known only from type-locality.
ANADIA BOGOTENSIS (Peters) 1862 Ecpleopus ( Xestosaurus ) Boqotensis Peters, Abh. Akad. Wiss. Santa Fe de Bogotá, Colombia. Type-locality: Anadia boqotensis- Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 40.
Berlin:
217, pl«
3>
Distribution: Bogoti area, Colombia; recorded in Venezuela by Donoso, Car (1965), 116. (fCVvoS. Co^.<3.-^A^^-.•^^í:A i^9A<S, S."-""^" ,
ANADIA DUQUEI Lancini
3>
3^-'f
^
=
^'^^w!L^o«.»TA
Distribution:
I
b.
Jour.
.
,
I568
8,
f-^or of-vfv«i-
1.
Type-locality:
"^
f\0Ci^\j\r^i\
Quebrada
f.^c of-ro=At
1876 Chalcidolepis metallicus Cope. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., (2) 8(1875): 116, locality: Aguacate mountains, Costa Rica. 1902 Anadia metallica Gunther. Biol. Centr. Amer., Rept.: 30.
Distribution:
¡
Known only from type locality.
ANADIA METALL ICA (Cope)
Content:
So
,
1963 Anadia duquei Lancini, Publ. Oc. Mus. Cien. Nat. Caracas, Zool., 4: el Cedro, Catuche, Cerro El Avila, Distrito Federal, Venezuela.
pi.
Type-
Mountains of Costa Rica.
Three subspecies.
Clave de subespecies
Key to the subspecies 1. Less than 60 scale rows between occipital 2 and posterior border of hind leg More than 60 scale rows in the same distance arbórea
1.
Menos de 60 hileras de escamas entre occi2 pital y borde posterior del muslo Mas de 60 hileras de escamas en la misma arbórea d istanc a
2.
Menos de 24 escamas al medio del cuerpo metallica Más de 27 escamas al medio del cuerpoattenuata
~
2.
'fig-
—
188*)
i
— —
Less than 24 scales around middle of body metall ica More than 27 scales around middle of body
attenuata
Anadia metall ica metall ica (Cope)
19SS Anadia metallica metallica
Distribution:
— Taylor,
Univ.
Kansas Sci. Bull., 37'
535-
Aguacate mountains, Costa Rica.
Anadia metall ica arbórea Taylor 19'i'i
TypeAnadia metallica arbórea Taylor. Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 37: 542, fig. I3. locality: Las Flores, Tenorino, Las CaPlas, Guanacaste Province, Costa Rica.
Distribution:
Known only from type locality.
Anadia metall ica attenuata Taylor
Type1955 Anadia metallica attenuata Taylor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 37' 537» fig- 12. locality: Pacuare, RTo Pacuare, on road between Turrialba and Moravia de Chirripo, Cartago Province, Costa Rica. Distribution:
tk
AiOAOj?
Q P- Ev\ Pi;
Province of Cartago, Costa Rica.
fiTA-
oS
(_i>^^
Q^^22^ÍÍ£ÍÍLÍLÍ^
4j_
ANADIA ^''
ANADIA OCELLATA Gray 184'5
Anadia ocellata Gray, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.:
Distribution:
¡yi^ANADjA.
'j8.
Type-locality:
Tropical America.
Known only from Jerico, Colombia, and Loja, Ecuador.
PULCHELLA Ruthven
1526 Anad ia pulchella Ruthven, Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 177" Hacienda Vista Nieve, Santa Marta Mountains, Colombia, 2100m.
Distribution:
Type-locality:
!•
Known only from type locality.
'-'c-«,re-
•*
or
La Cumbre,
sA'Jt/\^OÍ-v\
oí,ANADiA RHOMBIFERA (Günther)
1859 Cercosaurus rhombif er Günther, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1855' locality: Western Ecuador. 1885 Anadia rhombifera Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. I.lus., 2: 355.
^^'jt
pl-
20,
Type-
fig. A.
—
Distribution:
trA
Pacific slope of Ecuador.
T
Ctjv»/-,<3,A ( P(f\-STo
ANADIA STEYERI Nieden 191A Anadia steyeri Nieden, Sitz. Ges. Naturf. Estado Aragua, Venezuela.
Distribution:
c-H
ai-xvoQ^xí aííütacjV)
Fr.
Berlin,
7^
365"
Type-locality:
Puerto Cabello,
Coastal range of central Venezuela.
ANADIA VITTATA Boulenger 1913 Anadia vittata Boulenger, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, I913; IO33, pi. locality: Pefla Lisa, Condoto, Choca, Colombia, 30*^ f^^-
Distribution:
AaIapiA
"f
t^^e>^.s^
Known' only from type locality.
^J- st'.
optstoa^.
UOIA
369-215
0—70-
ptcv
\']1-^
^
CC^-^VCA,
Vaa-Aa-a- P^-^v, Pam^íJ'.A
57,
¡
fig.
2,
2a-d.
cvícco^ \/>v.vc
^
Type-
(lA^^c^
r>ev-a.5
cf «Lü-^^v
42
REPULÍA: SAURIA
IGUANIDAE
:
^k
^
ANISOLEPIS
ANISOLEPIS Boulenger 1R8S Anisolepis Boulenqer. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) 16: 8$. Boulenger.
Two species.
Clave de especies
Key to the species 1.
Anisolepis Iheringii
Parana, Santa Catarina, and Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; east central Argentina;
Distribution; Uruguay. Content:
Type-species:
Hind limb reaching ear when brought forward; 20-22 longitudinal series of ventrals; no ori Hi enlarged scales on flanks Hind limb does not reach ear when brought of forward; I6-I7 longitudinal series ventrals; flanks with enlarged scales undulatus
1.
Extremidad posterior llega al o do cuando extendida hacia adelante; 20-22 series longitudinales de ventrales; sin escamas ensanchadas gri Hi en los flancos Extremidad posterior no llega al oido cuando extendida hacia adelante; I6-I7 series longitudinales de ventrales; flancos con escamas undulatus ensanchadas i
ANISOLEPIS GRILLI Boulenger 1891 Anisolepis grilli Boulenqer, Ann. Palmeira, Paraná, Brazil. I856 Anisolepis lionotus Werner, Verh. Catarina, Brazil.
Mus. Civ.
Stor.
Nat. Genova,
Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien, 46:
(2)
47O.
10:
5O5.
Type-locality:
Type-locality:
Blumenau, Santa
Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo, Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, and Santa Catarina, Brazil.
Distribution:
An soleo s qr 11 and An soleo s 1 ionotus are here considered synonyms on the authority of Comment: Paulo Vanzolini, who has examined a large series of specimens. i
i
i
i
i
i
ANISOLEPIS UNDULATUS (Wiegmann) I834
aemanctus j undulatus Wiegmann. Herpetologia Mexicana; 46.
L.|
I834 L. aemanctus j obtus irostr
is
Type-locality;
Wiegmann, Herpetologia Mexicana: 46.
Brazil.
Type-locality: Brazil.
I834 L. aemanctus j F tz nqer Wiegmann, Herpetologia Mexicana: 46. Type-locality: Brazil. I885 An soleo is her nq Boulenger, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) 16: 86. Type-locality: Sao Lourenjo, Lagoa dos Patos, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. I85I Anisolepis undulatus Boulenqer, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, (2) 10: 9O9. I895 An isolep is Bruch Koslowsky, flev. Mus. La Plata, 6: 41/, pi. 1. Type-locality: Punta Lara, cerca de La Plata, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. I
i
i
i
i
[^ i
I
i
—
i
Distribution: Southern Brazil, eastern central Argentina, Uruguay.
43_
ANOLIS
REPTIL lA: SAURIA: IGUANIDAE
ANOLIS Daudin Anol is bullar is Latreille. Type-species: Anol is Daudin, Hist. Nat. Rept., 4: ^0, Anol US Cuvier (emendation of Anol is Daudin), Le Regne Animal, 2: 41. Anol s cuvi er Type-spec ¡es: X phosurus Fitzinger, Neue Classification der Reptilien: I7. Merrem. Type-spec es: Anol s punctatus Daudin. Dactyloa Wagler, Nat. Syst. Amph.: 148. Draconura n tens Wagler. Type-spec Íes: Draconura Wagler, Nat. Syst. Amph.: I45. Type-spec Íes: Anol s auratus Daudin. Norops Wagler, Nat. Syst. Amph.: 145Phalanqoptyon Wagler, Isis von Oken, 26: 856. Type-spec es: Anol s b imaculatus Daudin. None given; later Acanthol s Cocteau, Comp. Rend. Acad. Sci. Paris, J: 226. Type-species: designated as Acanthol is Loys iana Cocteau. Ctenonotus Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: 64. Type-species: Lacerta b imaculata Sparmann. Anol s cuvi er Merrem. Sem iurus Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: 64. Type-species: Anol s equestr s Merrem. Type-species: Eupr stes Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: 64. Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: 64. Edwards Merrem. Microctenus Type-species: Anol is Type-species: Anol s all gator Duméril and Bibron. Ptychonotus Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: 65. Type-species: Anolis cristatellus Duméril and st iocercus Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: 65. Bi bron. Type-species: Anol is qrac 1 is Wied. Eunotus Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: 65. Type-species: Anol s verm iculatus Duméril and De iroptyx Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: 66. Bibron. Type-species: Anol s 1 neat us Daudin. Trachycoel ia Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: 66. Type-species: Anol is Richard Duméril and Ctenode ira Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: 66. Bi bron. Anol is fuscoauratus D'Orbigny. Trop idop lus Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: 66. Type-species: Duméril and X iphocercus Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: 67. Type-species: Anol s Valenc ienn i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
I
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
B
i
ibron.
Anol is Goudot Duméril and Bibron. Type-species: Eudactylus Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium; 67. Type-species: Anol is pulchellus Duméril and Heterolep s Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: 67. i
i
i
B
i
bron.
Anol s sagre Duméril and Bibron. Trachyp lus Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: 67. Type-species: Type-species: Dactyloa b porcatus Wiegmann. Pr st icercus Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: 67. Type-species: guana bullar is Latreille. Ctenocercus Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: 68. Dactyloa nebulosa Wiegmann. Type-species: Gastrotrop is Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: 68. Acanthol is Loys iana Cocteau. Type-species: Heteroderma Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: 68. Wiegmann. Draconura N tzsch Type-species: Dracontops s Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: 65. Anol is nas cus Duméril and Bibron. Type-species: Rh nosaurus Gray, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: 195Placops s ocellata Gosse. ype-spec es: Placopsis Gosse, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (2) 6: 346. Anol s Coccoessus Type-species: Coccoessus Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 186 178. pentapr on Cope. Type-species: Scytomycterus Cope, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. (2) 8 (I875): 165. Scy tomycterus laev s Cope. Diaphoranol is Mich., 125: 7» Type-species: D iaphoranol is Barbour, Dec. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ brooks Barbour. Audantia Cochran, Dec. Pap. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 8: I7I. Type-species: Audant ia armour Cochran. Anol is aqass iz Stejneger. Type-species: Mar guana Dunn, Notulae Naturae, 4: 1. i
i
i
:
i
i
I
i
i
i
i
i
i
I
i
I
i
(
)
i
i
i
i
i
i
Distribution: Content:
From southern United States to Bolivia and Paraguay including Caribbean
Islands.
Approximately 200 species, of which II6 are found within limits of this work.
Comment: Anolis qodeti Roux, 1507» was thought to be South American by Burt and Burt, Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci., 28, I925, I6, but they also thought the type locality was unknown, although Roux gives it as "Antillen (kein naherer Fundort)".
44
ANOLIS
= U nknown
1=T rue 2=V ariabl e '-
-'
o .5
CO
o z cc o CO o
ce
cr
V
V
ACHILLE-b
AENEU5 AEQUATOKIALIS AGA5SIZÍ ALLISONl ALTAE ANDIANUb ANTÜNII APOLLINARIS AQUATICUS AURATUS BINOTATÜS BIPORCAIUS BISCUTIGER BITECTU5 BOCOURTÍI BOETTGEKI BOMBICEPS B0NAIREN5I5 BOUVIERII CAPITO CHLORIS CHOCORUM CHRYSOLtPiS COBANENolS concolok crassulus cupreus CURTUS
o CO o
z o o E CO
CO
o UJ cc Qo s o CE a. o
AcrgAL COUNTS
3=F alse 4=1 napplic
CO
zc
I Q o o £
<: CD cc
o
CE
CO (T
a: o o Q > Q
a: -'
c:>
Q-
s
CJ
Q.
co
O
o o o
CO
O CE
E
o CO
* o CO
o m
U- CE
oo
Ul.
or
s o £ LU
3:
«:
_J
CO tr Q-
V
o z
LlI
CO
O o => * o o. CO <C o o tr CJ O o o o Q_ o o Q ce Q X I CE QQ=J o CO o J: J J ZD 3: V
CO
UJ oc
i¿ CC
C3
o ÍE O
CO
z Q o Q_
3:
CO CE CE
O O
X o (£
ü_
CO
o u. CE o o :k s o QZ
¿ cc o üo CO X o
_i
o
U. o
CE UJ
cc
CE
OD
CD
E =
CO
1
O
O
1
1
2
6
1
1
O O
1
O X
O X
4-5
O
O 4
I
1
3 3 3
1
1
1
X
4 4
2 5
2
1
3
1
4 1
3 3 1
2 3
1-3
1
1
3
3 3
3
3
2 O O
2 3 O O
1
1
4
i
3
1
1
3 2
4 1
1
3
1
3
4
2-4
3
O
4
3
3 1
2 3
3
3-4
TS ign ficance of values:
X
6 6
1-3 2-3 5-8 2-3 X 5 3-4 6 9-11 0-1 1-2 6-7 2-3 X 1 1-2 2-6 5-8 1
3
2-3 3-4 2-3 X O 2
O X
0-1 0-1 O
1
2
X
1
X
6-7 6-7 X X 8 X 7
6-9 7 8 5
X
6-11 6
7 X
X
5-6
6-8
6 3 6
X X X
5
1-3 2-4 6-9 1-4 2-4 5-10 3
Z o 1Zo Z3
7
2-4 2-3 6-8
3
2 O
X
—
ce
1
o
<t >UJ
7
0-1 5-6 O 0-2 2-3 4-5 1-2 2-3 6-7 5-7 5-6 7-8
'Significado de valores;
Hind limb reaches between: 1. Shoulder and ear opening 2. Ear opening and eye 3. Eye and nasal aperture 4. Nasal aperture, tip of snout, and beyond
Extremidad posterior llega entre: 1. Hombro y o ido 2. Oído y ojo 3. Ojo y abertura nasal 4. Abertura nasal, hocico y más allá
Dorsal scales: 0. Condition unknown 1. All granular or homogeneous 2. With two to six enlarged middorsal rows 3. With more than six enlarged middorsal rows
Escamas dorsales: 0. Desconocido 1. Todas granulares u homogéneas 2. Con dos a seis hileras no granulares 3. Con más de seis hileras no granulares
8
9-10 6
8-10 7-11 7 X
6-7 6-7 7-9
45
ANOLIS 0=U nknown 1=1 rue h"
n
ACTUAL COUNTS
3"Fa Ise 4=lnapplic.
S;
o
_J
CO
<t
CO
CD
Or
o cc o
— UJ o 1 ir íE Q- o
UJ
w o
or
K>
Ü o ce o.
DAMULUS DIS5IMIÍ-IS DOLLFUSIA.NUS EEWl
EULAEMU5 FASCIATUS FESTAE FRA5ERI FRENATUb FUSCOAUKATUS GAR6EI GEMMOSU¿ GIBblCEPS GODMANI GORGONAE GRACILIPE5 GRANULICEPS HE^EKOPHOLIDOTUS HoFFMANímI
HUMILIS IMPETIGUSUS INCOMPERTUS INSIGN15 INTERMEDIüS JACARÉ kemptoni LAEVI5 LAEVIVENTRIS LATIFRQNS LEMNISCATUS LEMUR INUS LEPT05CcLlS LIMlFRüNS LINDEN I LINEATU5 LIONOTUb LONGICAUDA LOVERIDGEI MACROLtPIS MACULIvENTRIS MARI ARUM MERIÜI0NALI5 MICROTUÍJ
LATERALS
CE
O O z LU
Ul
V V
HEAD
O O
a_ VENTRALS DORSALS-:
cr
o o
HEAD
1
1
3
3 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3
3
3 3 3 3 3 2
1
3 3 3
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
3
3 1 1 1
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
1
2
3 3
3
3
3
1
1
3 3
3
3 3
3
1
1
3
3
11 13
1
3 3 3
3
3
1
13
3
3
3
3 3
3
3
1
3
1
3 3 3 3
3
3 3 3 3
1
3 1 1
3 1
3 3 1
3 3
3
3 3 3
3
3
1
3
2
4
1
3
3
1
1
3
3
1
3
1
3
1
3
1
3
3
3 3
3 3
3 3
2 3
3
3 3 3
1
3 3 3
13 13
3
5
8
X X
5-6
6-8
8
X 6 6
1
4
3
1
3-4 3-4
1
3
3 3
1
3
3
1
2
1 1
1
4
1-2
1
3 3
3
1
1
1
1
3
3
3 3
3
5
X
5
1-2 3-4 1-2 1-2 4-5 1-2 X 2 2
3
2
4
1
1
1-2 2-3
X 6
2-3
3
3
I
4
2
1
3
3-4
1
0-1 2-4 6-7 2-3 2-3 6-7 1-3 2-5 5-7
3
3
1
1
5
1
3
2 3
1
3
4
3
1-3
3-4 8-9
2
2 3 X
3 3 3
3
3
3
1
1
3
3
1
X 4
I
2 2
3
1
1
3-4
1
4
3 3 2
3 3 3
1
1-2 1-2
2 1
9-12 8-9 X X
7-9 7
9-10 7
6-7 7-8 X X
7
X
X
8-10 6
7-8
6
X X 7 X X 12 7
8
8
6
12
X 4-5 0-1 1-2 4-5 •2 3-5 3 2
X
6-8
3
3 2
3
1
3 3
3-4
2 X
3 3
3
1
1
1
1
3 2
4
1
1
1
2
1
3
3
1
1
3
1
5
3
2
1
X
3 3
3
3
X
0-1 1-2 7-8 3-5 4-5 7-8
3
2
1
1
3
2-4 3-5 6-8
X
1
113
2
1-5
4 3 4
1
1
2
1
2
1
11 13 12
1
3
1
1
8-9 8-9
4
6
3
1
7 7
1-3 2-3 5-6
1
3
10-11
2-4
1-2 3-4 6 2-3 3-4 7-8
3
X 11 X
1
X 3
3 3
1
5
z
i" ^o
1
1
3
X
Ll_
O
u. a: UI
2
4
1
3
3
1
6-7
1
1
2
6
X
3 3 3
3
3
3
X
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3 3
2
1
3 3
3
3 3 2
1
1
3
3 3
3
4
3
1
3 3
3 3
3
1
3 3 2
1-2
3
3
3
1
1
1
3 3 3
3
2
3 3
1
3
5-6 8-9
3
3
113
6 6
2
1
2 3 3 3
1
5
1
1
1
1
4
3
2
2 5
4 4
1
:<
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
1
a:
X
CC CO
1
3
3
3
o
0=
1
tr CO
«í _l
i CE
1
X
3
13 12 2
Uo
is
1
3
o
s%
1-2
3 3
LU (r
o o
2 3
1
3
o— ü
1
3
1
3 3
3
1
3
CJ U. CE
1
3
3
3
•< CO ir
UJ
3
3
113
— O CL ^
u. oc o o
«t CO a:
o
1
1
12
£ —
LÜ tc
O
Ho co —
1
3
3
UJ
a:
0--H
3
3
1
1
t/¡
3
3 3
1
CO
3
3
3
3
3
"g
m o
— t o o. o UJ o o UJ ^
1
3 3
1
3
3
3
3^31
2
3
CO
3
3 3 3
2
o CC V ¿ o O t— Q. — CJ z o Ü o ÜJ CJ o CE U. -J o o zn a: <t or Q_
3
3 3 3 3 3 3
3
o o o
LARGE
1
3 3
SCALES
SUPRAOCULARS
cr Q-
1
3 3
cc
SCALES
SMOOTH
3 3 3
—
KEELED SMOOTH
<r Q(r
X
4-7 7-8
46
ANOLIS o=u nknown 1=T rue 2=V ar ¡abl e
o
o z
CO
UJ o:
q: t-
~
<s
o
^ o 1 o E ce O QCJ
MIRUS NANNODEo
3
3
3
NAíJOpROílTALIS
3
NICEFORI NIGROLIi^EATUS NIT£N5 NOTOPHOLIS ORTONI PACHYPU5 PALMER I PENTAPRION PERACCA£
3
3 3 3
3
£.
PETER5U PHYLLORHINUS P0EC1LCPU5 PÜLYLEPÍ5 PRINCEPS PROtíOSCiS
PSEUDOTIGRINUS PUNCTATU5 PURPUREbCENS radulinus RHOMBlFER ROQUET SAGREI
SALVIM SCAPULARIS SCYPHEUb 5ERICEU3 SMiNTHub SOLITARIUS SQUAM0LATU5 STEINBACHI TIGRINUb townsenui Trachyüerma tran5veksalis trinitatis tropiqogaster tr0pidclepi5 tropidgnotus VENTRIMACuLATUS WILLIAMbll WOODI
3 3
3 3
3
I
3 3
3 3
3 3
o ce o O
lU
UJ =.
<: tr UJ 1-
V
o Q 2
CO
a:
<C
UJ
CO
V
„
1 1
UJ _i <£
Z ce o O o Q
«« _J
1
3 3
3 3
]
1
1
3
CC
UJ =>
]
1
:i
3 3
]
3
3 3 3 3
m
o o
V
<:
o o o Q q:
cc
3
CC
T
~0~
t— Q-
Ü O O
2 1
3
3 2 2
1
3 3 3
3
1
3
3 3
3 3
1
1
3
3 1
3
3 3 3
2 2
1
3 1
3
3 3 3
J
1
]
1
J
3
3 3
1
]
1
3
3
3
].
1
3
].
1
3 3 3
3
].
3
3
3
1
1
3
1
3
1
2
1
1
]L
1
c)
1
3
1
i
3
1
2
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
2
1
2
3
3
3
1
2
3 3
3 3
3
1
3
3
1
3
]L
1
3
3
]L
3
JL
3
1
]L
3
2
]L
3 2 3 3
3
2 3 3
]L
1
3
3
3 3
3
i
I
1
2 2
1
3
1
2 3 2
1
1
1
3
X
1
3 3 3 2 2
3
1
3
3
3
3
3
1
2
3
3
1
1
1
X
3
1
2
2
3
4
1
2 3
1
1
1
4
3
1
3
3
1
1
3
3
1
^
L
2 3
3
3 3
3
1
1
3
4
3
3
3
2
1
3
1
3 3 3
3
3 3 3
3 3 3 3
1
1
3 3 3
1
]L
1
1
]L
1
3
JL
3
3
L
3
3
;}
3
3
3
3
3
1
3
1
3 3
1
3 3 3
3
3 3
L
1
L
3
L
3
3 3 3
3 3
3 3 3
1
2
2
3
3 3 3
2 1 1
3
3 3
2 3 3
1
1
1
3
3
3
3
1
1
3
1
1
3 2
1
4-6
1
1-2
1
1
1
3 2
2
3 2 2
2 2 3
3
4
3
3
3
4 4 4 X
3
1
1
3
1
1
4 6
3-4 8-10
1-2 3 0-3 1-5 4-6 3 0-1 3-4 5 1 0-2 4 1 X
1
3 3
1 1
5
X
4
i.
X
5
0-2 1-4 4-7 2-4 4-5 7-8 6-7 3-4 X 1-2 3-4 7 4-5 0-i 2-3 4-5
1
2
8
2
1
3
G
1
1
4
1
1
]L
1
5
3 3
1
3 3
2
3
2 2 3
1
1
3
4
3 3
3
1
1
1
3
1
X
7-9 6-8
3-4 8 1-2 3-4 5-6 6-7 1-2 6-7 9-11 X 1-2 1-2 4-5 6-7 9-10 X X X 3-4 3-5 6-9 7 9-11 10-12 4-5 X 1-2 4-5 9-11 2
3
3
1-2 3-4 6 0-1 X 2 0-2 2-3 6-7 0-1 1-2 4-5
6
9-10 8-11
1
1
3 3
X
1
3
]L
5
4
3
JL
3-4
3
1
3 3 3
5
2-3
3-4 5-6
3
3 3 3
7
z o =o 1— z 10 7
ce U/ UJ CD
1
L
3
ce CO
o
2
3
3
00
u. ce Ul
1
L
]L
4 X
a:
2
^
3
is
4
3
3
i ce
4
i
3
g^
2 2 2 3 2 2 3
0-1
o
ll.
o o
ce CO
<t u. _i
2
3 3
3 3 3
CO ce
o — o ce o
>
<t ü-
o
3
L
3 3
CO te
o
o
3
3 3
3
ÜQ u. ce
oo
3
3 3
1o —
co
<t CO UJ
CC
3 3
:
]L
4 4
o
4 4
3
o
3
4
]L
c)
3
1
]L
3 ¿
1
3
3
1
3 3
X
1
3
3
4
3 3
3
]L
1
1
3
3
1
3
3 3 3 3
Z Q o—
3
3 3 3
3J
2
3
3
3
3
3
3 3
3
1
1
3
1
1
E —
O- ac
T
3
2
3
1
3
3 3
3
3
3 3
£E Q-
—
o o o
UJ <I
UJ o:
3 3 3 3 ü
3 3 3
O 0.-1
t.
CO ce <£ CL UJ CO
CO CO
£3-
1
1
CD
o O ce o o U- o o o
3 3
3
o o o -*
V or
CO
cc
cc it:
CO
o 1 ce ce Q- o CO E
CO
3:
I 1o s
ACTUAL COUNTS
3=Fa Ise 4=1 napplic .
2 1
3 1
1
3
6 2
9 6 2
2-3 2-3 5-6 X
2
6
0-1 0-3 4-5 4-6 1-3 2-4 6-8 3-5 3-5 7-9 2-3 6-7 2
8
6-10 X X 6
5-6 5-6 7 7
8-10 6-8 X
7-8 X 7 X 8
X
6-9 6-8 6-7 7-8 6-7
1
4
X
8
7
3 3
1
2
X
X
2-3
4
7-8
9
47
ANOLIS
ANOLIS ACHILLES Taylor 1556 Anolis achules Taylor, Univ. Kansas Sc Provincia San José, Costa Rica.
i
Bull., 38:
.
fig.
I53,
Type-locality:
43.
La Palma,
Known only from type locality.
Distribution:
ANOLIS AENEUS Gray 1840 Anol I887 Anol
aeneus Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (l) gent 1 s Garman, Bull. Essex Inst., I5:
is i
s
i
Distribution:
i
5'
Unknown. Type-locality: Type-locality: Petit Martinique.
n't-
10.
Petit Martinique, Grenadines, Trinidad and Guyana.
ANOLIS AEQUATORIALIS Werner I854 Anol
aequator ial
is
Distribution:
i
s
Werner, Zool. Anz., I7: 157-
Middle altitudes of western slopes
in
Type-locality:
Ecuador.
Ecuador.
ANOLIS AGASSIZI Stejneger Stejneger, 1500 Anol is agass iz Island, Colombia. i
Distribution:
Bull.
Mus.
Comp.
Zool., Jd:
I6I, col.
pi.
Type-locality:
Malpelo
Known only from type locality.
ANOLIS ALLISONI Barbour 1928 Anolis allisoni Barbour, Proc. New England Zool. Club, 10: $8. Type-locality: Coxen Hole, Ruatan, Bay Islands, Honduras. 1%1 Anolis allisoni Ruibal and Williams, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 12$: 183, figs. 2, 4-$, 10. 1%2 Anolis allisoni Neill and Allen, Herpetolog ica, 18: 80, fig. 1.
— —
Distribution:
Cuba;
Bay
Islands, Honduras;
British Honduras.
ANOLIS ALTAE Dunn 1530 Anolis altae Dunn, Proc. New England Zool. Club, 12: Barba, Costa Rica, 7OOO ft.
Distribution:
22.
Type-locality:
Finca Acosta, Volca'n
Known only from type locality.
ANOLIS ANDIANUS Boulenger 1885 Anol is and ianus Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2060 m.
Distribution:
ANOLIS ANTON!
I
2:
60.
Type-locality;
Milligalli, Ecuador,
Known only from type locality.
Boulenger
San Antonio, Type-locality: iq08 Anol is anton Boulenger, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (s) 2: 517» ^''9- 2. Colomb ia. Canon del Tolima, Colombia. Type-locality: 1916 Anol is tol imens is Werner, Zool. Anz., 47: JOJ, i
Distribution:
i
Interandean highlands of northern Colombia.
48 AN PL IS
ANOLIS APOLLINARIS Boulenger iqxq Anolis apollinaris Boulenger, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1519' 75» figs. 4a-4b. Bogotá, Colombia. Di
str ibut iont
Type-locality:
Known from vicinity of type locality.
ANOLIS AQUATICUS Taylor 1556 Anolis aquaticus Taylor, Univ. Kansas Sc Provincia Puntarenas, Costa Rica.
Distribution:
i
.
Bull., 38:
111, fig-
35-
Palmar,
Type-locality:
Provincia Puntarenas, Costa Rica.
ANOLIS AURATUS Daudin Unknown. 1802 Anol is auratus Daudin, Hist. Nat. Rept., 4: 85. Type-locality: W iegmann, Herpetologia Mexicana: 16. Type-locality: Unl<nown. I834 Dra .[_ conura J N tzschi 1840 Draconura 12-str iata Berthold, Abh. Ges. Wiss. Gottingen, 1: 62, pi. 2, fig. 7' Type-locality: i
i
Sur inam.
1843 Draconura Berthold Fitzinger (replacement name for Draconura 12-str iata Berthold), Systema Reptilium: ]0. 18*16 Norops macrodactylus Hallowell, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc Phila., I856: 222. Type-locality: New Grenada. Boulenger. Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 55. 188'i Norops auratus I856 Anolis Rosenbergii Boulenger, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 6 (ly)' I6. Type-locality: Buenaventura, Colomb ia. i
i
.
—
Distribution:
Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela, French Guiana.
ANOLIS BINOTATUS Peters I863 Anolis binotatus Peters, Monats. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, I863: 140. Type-locality: Ecuador. I873 Anolis binotatus Bocourt. Miss. Sc . Mex., Rept.: 52, pi. 16, figs. 22-23.
—
Distribution:
Guayaquil,
i
Pacific Ecuador and Colombia; southern Central America; Gorgona
Island, Colombia.
ANOLIS BIPORCATUS (Wiegmann) I834 D.[ actyloa J biporcata Wiegmann. Herpetologia Mexicana: 4/. I873 Anolis biporcatus Bocourt. Miss. Sc . Mex., Rept.: 58, pi. 188^ Anolis biporcatus Boulenger. Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2; 88.
— —
Distribution: Content;
i
I5,
figs.
Mexico.
8-8a.
Mexico through central America to Ecuador.
Two subspecies.
Key to the subspecies 1.
Type-locality:
Clave de subespecies
Ear opening nearly twice size of nostril; scales surrounding interparietal smaller than or only equal to middorsal scales; dewlap black-edged parvaur tus Ear opening four or more times larger than nostril; scales surrounding interparietal larger than middorsal scales; dewlap not black-edged b iporcatus i
1.
Tamaño del ofdo el doble del nostril; escamas que rodean el interparietal más pequeñas o solamente iguales a las escamas mediodorsales saco guiar bordeado de negro parvaur tus Tamaño del o'do cuatro o más veces el tamaño del nostril; escamas que rodean el interparietal mayores que las escamas mediodorsales; saco guiar no bordeado de negro b porca tus i
i
49
__^ Anol
is
b
i
porcatus
b
i
ANOL I
porca tus (Wiegmann)
1873 Anolis Copei Bocourt, Miss. Sci. Mex., Rept.: 77, pi. I5, fig. 10-lOa. Type-locality; Santa Rosa de Pansos, Guatemala. 1874 Anolis obtus irostr is Peters. Monats. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, I874: 40/. Type-locality: Chiriquf, Panama. I893 Anol s brev ipes Boettger, Kat. Rept. Senckenberg. Mus., 1: 57. Type-locality: Cairo Plantation, near Limón, San José, Costa Rica. 1916 Anolis solifer Ruthven. Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 32: 4, pi. 2. Type-locality: La Concepción, Santa Marta Mountains, Colombia. 1966 Anolis biporcatus biporcatus Williams, Breviora, Mus. Comp. Zool., 235: 5, fig. 4. i
Distribution:
Anol
i
s
b
i
Mexico to northern Colombia.
porcatus parvaur tus Williams i
1566 Anol is b iporcatus parvaur tus Williams, Breviora, Mus. Comp. Zool., 235= 7> Type-locality: Northern Gorgona Island, Cauca, Colombia. i
Distribution:
Pacific Ecuador and Colombia; Gorgona
'figs.
2-4.
Island.
ANOLIS BISCUTIGER Taylor 1956 Anolis biscutiqer Taylor. Univ. Kansas Sci. Provincia Puntarenas, Costa Rica.
Distribution:
Bull., 38:
81,
fig.
I5.
Type-locality:
Golflto,
Provincia Puntarenas, Costa Rica.
ANOLIS BITECTUS Cope 1864 Anolis bitectus Cope. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1864: 17I. Type-locality: Anolis bitectus Boulenqer. Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 7I, pi. 5, fig. 2.
—
188'5
Distribution:
ANOLIS BOCOURT!
I
Pacific lowlands of Ecuador.
Cope
1876 Anolis bocourtii Cope. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., (2) Peru. 1885 Anolis bocourti Boulenqer. Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: $0. i
Distribution:
West Ecuador.
8
(I875):
I67.
Type-locality:
Nauta,
—
Known only from type locality.
ANOLIS BOETTGERI Boulenger Huancabamba, Peru, Type-locality: 1911 Anolis boettqeri Boulenger, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (b) 7= I?' 1000 m; actually Oxapampa, Peru, according to Barbour, Bull, Mus. Comp. Zool., 77> 193*» 125. Distribution:
Known only from type locality.
ANOLIS BOMBICEPS Cope I876 Anolis bombiceps Cope, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., (2) Peru. ISS^ Anolis bombiceps Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 94.
8
(I875):
—
Distribution:
Amazonian Peru and Ecuador; Estado Amazonas, Brazil.
I68.
Type-locality:
Nauta,
50
ANOLIS ANOLIS BONAIRENSIS Rulhven 1923 Anolis bonairensis Ruthven, Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 143: Grandi, 4 l/2 km northeast of Kralend jk, Bonaire, Dutch Leeward
4.
Bonaire, Klein Bonaire, Aves
Distribution: Content:
Two subspecies.
Clave de subespecies
Usually verm iculated with black, occasionally with black crossbars; distance from snout tip to anterior border of ear 1.15 length of tibia; occipital scale in contact with supraorbital semicircles; two pairs of scales between supraorbital bona rens s semicircles With black crossbars, rarely vermiculated with black; distance from snout tip to anterior border of ear I.25 length of tibia; occipital scale separated from supraorbital semicircles by one or two pairs of scales; one pair of scales between supraorbital semicircles blanqu llanus
Usualmente vermiculado de negro, ocasionalmente con barras negras transversas; distancia de la punta del hocio al borde anterior del oído 1.15 de longitud de tibia; escama occipital en contacto con los semicírculos supraorb tales; dos pares de escamas entre los semicírculos supraorbitales bona rens s Con barras negras transversas, raramente vermiculado con negro; distancia del hocico al borde anterior del oído 1.25 de longitud de la tibia; escama occipital separada por uno o dos pares de escamas; un par de escamas entre los semicírculos supraorb tales blanqu llanus
1.
i
i
i
i
i
Anol
i
s
bona rens i
i
bona rens
s
i
i
i
i
s
bona rens I
i
i
i
s
— Hummelinck,
Islands,
Bonaire and Klein
Distribution:
i
i
i
i
i
Ruthven
s
1540 Anol s bona rens s bona rens Bonaire and the Venezuelan
Anol
Seroe
Islands.
Key to the subspecies 1.
Type-locality:
Islands.
i
Bonaire
Studies of the Fauna of Curajao, Aruba,
7^-
1:
Islands.
blanqu llanus Hummelinck
s
i
1540 Anol s bona rens s blanqu llanus Hummelinck, Studies of the Fauna of Curasao, Aruba, Bonaire and the Venezuelan Islands, 1: 79* Type-locality: El Jaque, Isla Blanquilla, Venezuela. i
i
Distribution:
ANOLIS BOUVIERI
I
i
i
Blanquilla and Los Hermanos
Bocourt
nolis Bouvieri Bocourt, Miss. Escuintla, Guatemala. Stuart. Misc. 1955 Anolis bouvieri 1873
Islands, Venezuela.
A
i
i
Distribution:
—
Sc
i
.
Publ.
Mex., Mus.
Rept.: Zool.
58,
Univ.
pi.
14,
fig.
Mich., 9I:
8-8a.
Type-locality:
2?.
Known only from type locality.
ANOLIS CARITO Peters 1863 Anol
is (OracojTura) capi to Peters, Monats. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, I863: 142. Costa Type-locality: Rica; restricted to Palmar, Costa Rica, by Smith and Taylor, Univ. Kansas Sc . Bull., 33,1950, 316; see comment by Dunn and Stuart, Copeia, 1951> 57Anolis carneus Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc . Phila., 1864: I7I. Type-locality: Lower Verapaz Forest, Guatemala; see comment by Dunn and Stuart, Copeia, 1951» 59Anolis (Draconura) cap to Bocourt . Miss. Sc . Mex., Rept.: 101, pi. 16, fig. 27-27a (type). Anolis lonqipes Cope, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc, 31: 343. Type-locality: Palmar and Boruca, Costa Rica. Anolis cap to Taylor. Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 38: 126, figs. 34-36. i
1864 1
873 I893
1956
i
i
i
—
i
—
Distribution: Low and moderate elevations of Caribbean slope from Tabasco, Mexico, to Panama (possibly on both slopes in south).
__^
51
ANOLIS
ANOLIS CHLQRIS Boulenger 1858 Anolis chlor is Boulenger, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, I858: Paramba, Ecuador.
Distribution:
ANOL
IS
CH0C0RUIV1
Pacific lowlands of Ecuador and Colombia;
110,
pi.
10,
fig.
Type-locality:
3.
Darién, Panama.
Williams and Duellman
1567 Anolis chocorum Williams and Duellman, Breviora, Mus. Comp. Zool., 256: locality: Rio Tuira at Quebrada La Plata, Darién, Panama, 100 m.
Distribution:
2,
figs.
1-2, 4-6.
Type-
Darién, Panama, and Chocó, Colombia.
ANOLIS CHRYSOLEPIS Dumlril and Bibron 1837 Anolis chrysolepis Duméril and Bibron, Erp.
Gen.,
4:
Type-locality:
94.
French Guiana and
Suri nam.
1848 Anolis planiceps Troschel, Br
i
t
in
Schomburgk, Reisen
in
Br
i
t
i
sch-Gu iana,
J:
649.
Type-locality:
ish Gu iana.
187^ Anolis nummifer 0' Shaughnessy, Ann. Guyana. Shaughnessy . Ann. 187s Anolis turmalis 187S Anolis lentiginosus O'Shaughnessy. 188^ Anolis chrysolepis Boulenger, Cat. 1907 Anolis lonqicrus Roux, Zool. Anz., '
—
Distribution:
Mag.
Nat.
Hist., (4) IJ:
278.
Type-locality:
Demerara Falls,
Mag. Nat. Hist., (4) I5: 278. Type-locality: Grenada. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (4) 1$: 279. Type-locality: Surinam. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 89. 3I: 763. Type-locality: Surinam.
Surinam; French Guiana; Para and Amapa, Brazil.
ANOLIS COBANENSIS Stuart 1942 Anolis cobanensis Stuart, Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 464: 6. south of Finca Samac, Alta Verapaz, Guatemala, 135'' "'•
Distribution: Moderate and intermediate elevations Chiapas, Mexico.
in
Type-locality:
Three km
mountains of Alta Verapaz, Guatemala to
ANOLIS CONCOLOR Cope is ( Gastrotropis ) concolor Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1862: 180. caragua. 1885 Anol is concolor Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 74.
1862 Anol N
Type-locality:
i
—
Distribution: Known only from Providencia and San Andres in Nicaragua.
Islands, Colombia; probably does not occur
ANOLIS CRASSULUS Cope 1864 Anolis crassulus Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1864: 173Type-locality: Guatemala. Bocourt, Miss. Sci. Mex., Rept.: 82, pi. 16, fig. 17187^ Anolis crassulus
Coban, Verapaz,
—
Distribution: Content:
Plateau of Guatemala and Alta Verapaz, Guatemala; Chiapas, Mexico.
Two subspecies.
Key to the subspecies 1.
Clave de subespecies
Dorsal scales generally fewer than 48 between axilla and groin crassulus Dorsal scales generally more than ^0 between axilla and groin haque i
1.
Escamas dorsales menos de 48 entre axila e ingle crassulus Escamas dorsales más de 5" entre axila e ingle hague i
52
ANOLIS
1548
I
Anol
i
69:
crassulus crassulus J~Stuart (by inference), Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich.,
s
47.
Intermediate elevations on Plateau of Guatemala exclusive of Alta Verapaz; Distribution: Chiapas, Mexico. Anol
i
s
crassulus hague
i
Stuart
Type-locality: 1942 Anolis haquei Stuart. Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 464: 3. south of Finca Chichén, Alta Verapaz, Guatemala, l^'^O m. Misc. Stuart, Publ. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 69: 47. 1948 Anol s crassulus hague i
i
Two km
—
Known only from type locality.
Distribution:
ANOLIS CUPREUS Hallowell Phila., 1860: 481. 1860 Anolis cupreus Hallowell. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc Type-locality: None given; given as Nicaragua by Cochran, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., 220, I96I, 86. Type-locality: San José, 1917 Anolis macrophallus Werner. Mitt. Zool. Mus. Hamburg, 34: 31Guatemala. Taylor. Univ. Kansas Sc . Bull., 38: 110, fig. 29. 1956 Anolis cupreus i
—
.
i
Low and moderate elevations along Pacific slope from eastern Guatemala through Costa
Distribution: Rica.
ANOLIS CURTUS Boulenger I898 Anolis curtus Boulenger, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, I898: 919, pi. 55, figs. La Estrella, Provincia Cartago, Co^ta Rica. Taylor. Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 38: I5I, fig. 42. 1956 Anolis curtus
2-2a.
Type-locality;
—
Distribution:
Costa Rica.
ANOLIS DAMULUS Cope Type-locality: 1864 Anol is damulus Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1864: 169. 1885 Anolis damulus Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 47, pi. 2, figs. 2-2a.
—
Distribution:
ANOLIS DISSIMIL
IS
Unknown.
Will iams
1965 Anolis dissimilis Williams, Breviora, Mus. Comp. Zool., 233= Itahuania, Upper Rfo Madre de Dios, Peru.
Distribution:
Unknown.
2,
fig.
1.
Type-locality:
Known only from type locality.
ANOLIS DOLLFUSIANUS Bocourt I873 Anolis DoUfusianus Bocourt, Miss. Sci. Mex., Rept.: 84, pi. I6, fig. 19-19a. San Agustin, on slopes of Volcán Atitlan, Guatemala, 1200 m.
Distribution: Guatemala.
Type-locality;
Moderate elevations along Pacific slope from eastern Chiapas, Mexico, to western
ANOLIS EEWI Roze 1958 Anolis eewi Roze, Acta Biol. Venezuelica, 2 (25): 3II. Chimanta Tepui, Estado Bolívar, Venezuela, 2100 m.
Distribution;
Known only from type locality.
Type-locality;
Cumbe de Torono Tepui,
53
ANOLIS ANOLIS EULAEMUS Boulenger 1908 AnoXis eulaemus Boulenger, Ann. Colomb ia.
Distribution:
Mag.
Nat. Hist.,
(s)
2:
516, fig.
1.
Type-locality: Las Pavas,
Southwestern Colombia and northwestern Ecuador.
ANOLISFASCIATUS Boulenger Anolis fasciatus Boulenger. Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 55, pi. 3, fig. 1, Type-locality: Guayaquil, Ecuador. 1898 Anolis elegans Boulenger, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, I858: IO5, pi. 10, fig. 2. Type-locality: Chimbo, Ecuador. IBS']
Distribution:
Pacific lowlands of Ecuador.
ANOLIS FESTAE Peracca 1504 Anolis Festae Peracca, Boll. Mus. Zool. Comp. Anat. Univ. Balzar, Ecuador.
Distribution:
ANOLIS ERASER
I
Torino, I9 (465); 4.
Type-locality:
Lowlands of western Ecuador.
Günther
Type-locality: Andes of western I859 Anol is f raser Günther, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1855= 4O7. Ecuador. Anolis Fraseri Bocourt. Miss. Sci. Mex., Rept.: 1873 pi. I5, fig. 12-12a (type). 1880 Anolis de Villei Boulenger, Bull. Soc. Zool. France, 1880: 42. Andes of Ecuador. Type-locality: 1885 Anolis fraseri Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 65, pi. 4. Anol is f raser Williams, Breviora, Mus. Comp. Zool., 2J'): J, fig. 1. 1566 i
—
—
i
Distribution:
—
Higher western slopes of Andes
in
Ecuador and Colombia.
ANOLIS FRENATUS Cope Type-locality: 1899 ftnolis f renatus Cope, Sci. Bull. Philadelphia Mus., 1; 6, pi. 2, fig. 2. Barranqu ilia, Colombia is suggested by Barbour, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., ]Í, 193''» ^5^' Dunn. Proc. New England Zool. Club, I6; 9. 1937 Anolis frenatus
Unknown;
—
Distribution:
Costa Rica and Panama; Caribbean Colombia and Venezuela.
ANOLIS FUSCOAURATUS D'Orbigny
Chile Type-locality: is f usco-auratus D'Orbigny, in Dumeril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., 4: 110. (in error); corrected by D'Orbigny, I847, to Rio Mamorl, between Loreto and "le confluent du RTo Sara", Bolivia; and to Provincia Moxas, Bolivia, by Bocourt, Miss. Sci. Max., Rept., 1873» pi. 14, fig. 16.
1837 Anol
Distribution: Content:
Bolivia and Peru to Venezuela, Colombia, Guianas and Atlantic forests of Brazil.
Two subspecies.
Key to the subspecies 1.
Clave de subespecies
Supraorbital semicircles separated by single row of scales kuqler Supraorbital semicircles separated by two or more rows of scales f uscoauratus i
1.
Semicfrculos supraorb tales separados por una fila de escamas kuqlgr Semicírculos supraorb tales separados por dos más filas de escamas f uscoauratus i
i
i
54
ANOLIS
Anol
I
s
f uscoaura
f uscoauratus
tus O'Orbigny
I863 Anol s vir id iaeneus Peters, Monats. Akad. Wiss, Berlin, I863: 147Type-locality: Quito, Ecuador. 1887 Anolis Brumetii Thominot. Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris, (7) 11: 184. Type-locality: Brazil. Shreve, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 59= 523. 1547 [ Anolis J fuscoauratus [ f uscoauratus j i
—
Amazonian slopes of Andes
Distribution:
Anol
is
fuscoauratus kugler
i
in
Ecuador, Bolivia, Peru and Brazil.
Roux
1529 Anolis kuqleri Roux, Verb. Naturforsch. Ges. Basel, 40 (2): 25. Acosta District, Estado Falcon, Venezuela. 1947 Anolis fuscoauratus kugler —Shreve. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 55: i
Distribution:
Type-locality:
El Mene,
523,
Venezuela.
ANOLIS GARBEI Amaral 1533 Anolis qarbei Amaral. Mem. Inst. Butantan, Christo, Rio Tapajoz, Para, Brazil.
Distribution:
ANOLIS GEMMOSUS
0'
(I532): 62, fig.
I7-I8.
Type-locality:
Monte
Known only from type locality.
Shaughnessy
I875 Anol is qemmosus 188^ Anolis qemmosus
Distribution:
7
'Shaughnessy, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (4) IJ: 280. Type-locality: Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 60, pi. 3, fig. 2.
— Boulenqer.
Unknown.
Pacific lowlands of Ecuador.
ANOLIS GIBBICEPS Cope 1864 Anolis qibbiceps Cope. Proc. Acad. Venezuela.
Distribution:
Guyana;
Nat.
Sci.
Phila., 1864:
I74.
Type-locality:
Caracas,
northern Venezuela.
ANOLIS GODMANI Boulenger I885 Anolis qodman Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 85. Type-locality: Guatemala and Irazu, Costa Rica; restricted to Volcan Irazu, Costa Rica by Taylor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 38, 1556, 156. i
Distribution:
Mountains of Costa Rica above 600 m.
ANOLIS GORGONAE Barbour 1505 Anol is qorgonae Barbour, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 46: 59. Colomb ia.
Distribution:
Type-locality:
Gorgona
Island,
Known only from type locality.
ANOLIS GRÁCIL PES Boulenger I
1858 Anolis qracilipes Boulenger, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, I858: Paramba, Ecuador.
Distribution:
Known only from type locality.
112,
pi.
11,
fig.
3.
Type-locality:
55
ANOLIS
ANOLIS GRANULICEPS Boulenger I858 Anolis qranul jeeps Boulenger, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, I858: 111, pi. 11, fig. Paramba, Ecuador. 1513 Anolis breviceps Boulenger, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, I513: IO3I, pi. IO7, fig. Peñalisa, Condoto, Chocó, Colombia, 3'''' ft. Peters, Ciencia y Naturaleza, Quito, 2: 118. 1959 Anol is qranul ceps
2.
Type-locality:
1.
Type-locality:
—
i
Pacific lowlands of Colombia and Ecuador.
Distribution:
ANOLIS HETEROPHOLIDOTUS Mertens Type-locality: 1952 Anol is heterophol idotus Mertens, Zool. Anz., 148: 89. Miramundo, Departamento Santa Ana, El Salvador, 2000 m.
Mountainous areas of El Salvador.
Distribution:
ANOLIS HOFFMANN
Hacienda Los Planes,
Peters
I
I863 Anolis Hoffmann Peters, Monats. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, I863: 142. Type-locality: Costa Rica. Bocourt, Miss. Sc . Mex., Rept.: 86, pi. I5, figs. I5-I6 (fig. I5 is holotype). 1873 Anolis Hoffmann 1966 Anolis hoffmann —Williams and Smith, Carib. Jour. Sc . , 6: I63.
—
i
i
Distribution:
Provincias Guanacaste, Puntarenas, and San Jose, Costa Rica.
ANOLIS HUMILIS Peters 186^ Anolis humilis Peters, Monats. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, I863: I38. Type-local tv: I873 Anolis humilis Bocourt. Miss. Sci. Mex., Rept.: IO5, pi. 16, fig. 3I (type). i
—
Distribution: Content:
Veragua, Panama.
Lowlands of Chiapas, Mexico through Panama.
Three subspecies.
Key to the subspecies
Eight to ten enlarged dorsal scale rows, two median rows not larger than adjoining rows; no nuchal crest; axillary pouch small, not pigmented, without scales 2 Twelve to fourteen enlarged dorsal scale rows two median rows larger than adjoining rows; low nuchal crest and often trace of dorsal crest in males; axillary pouch large, pigmented, with scales-- marsuDÍalis
Clave de subespecies 1.
Ocho a diez hileras dorsales de escamas ensanchadas; las dos medianas mayores que las adyacentes; no hay cresta nucal; saco axilar pequeño, no escamoso ni pigmentado2 a catorce hileras dorsales de escamas ensanchadas, las dos filas medianas mayores que las filas vecinas; una cresta nucal baja y con frecuencia trazos de cresta dorsal en los machos; saco axilar grande, escamoso y pigmentado marsup ial s
Doce
i
Dewlap with purple spot in basal part; all scales in enlarged rows of same size; semicircular scales undifferentiated from scales adjoining them un if ormis Dewlap without purple spot in basal part; two median scale rows smaller than adjoining rows; semicircular scales differentiated from scales adjoining them hum ills
2.
Saco guiar con una mancha púrpura en la base; escamas ensanchadas del mismo tamaño; escamas de los semicírculos supraorbitales casi ndif erenc iadas de las escamas un form is adyacentes Saco guiar sin mancha púrpura en su parte basal; escamas ensanchadas con las dos hileras medianas más pequeñas que las adyacentes; escamas de los semicírculos hum 1 is diferenciados de las vecinas i
i
i
Anol
i
s
hum
i
1 is
hum
i
1
i
s
Peters
1885 Anolis quaqqulus Cope. Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc, 22: 391. Type-locality: Río San Juan, Ni ca ragua. 1948 [ Anolis humilis hum 1 s ]— Stuart (by inference). Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 69: i
i
48.
Distribution:
Panama and Costa Rica, excluding Provincias Puntarenas and Cartago, Costa Rica.
56
ANOLIS
Anolis hum
11 is
marsup ial
is
Taylor
Type1956 Anolis humil is marsupial is Taylor, Univ. Kansas Sc . Bull., 38: 57> f'S- 23locality: 75 '"'' west soutlnwest of San Isidro de General, probably in Provincia Puntarenas, Costa Rica. i
Pacific lowlands of Provincias Cartago and Puntarenas, Costa Rica.
Distribution:
Anolis humilis uniformis Cope Type-locality: Guatemala and I885 Anol is un form is Cope, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc, 22: '}')2. Yucatán; restricted to two mi north of Santa Teresa, El Peten, Guatemala, by Smith and Taylor; see comments by Dunn and Stuart, Copeia, 1557» ^^' Two m! Type-locality: 19S5 Anolis ruthveni Stuart, Dec. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 3IO: !• north of Santa Teresa, El Peten, Guatemala. 1948 Anolis humilis uniformis Stuart, Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 69: 48. i
—
Lowlands of Chiapas and Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico to Provincia Guanacaste,
Distribution: Costa Rica.
Algous IMPETIGOSUS Cope 1864 Anolis 188^) Anolis
impetiqosus Cope. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc . Phila., 1864: I74. Type-locality: impetiqosus Boulenqer. Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 55, pi. 2, fig. 3.
—
Distribution:
!
Probably somewhere
in
Unknown.
South America.
ANOLIS INCOMPERTUS Barbour is ncompertus ncompertus Barbour, Proc. New England Zool. Club, 12: 99llav icenc io, San Martin, Colombia. Anol is j incompertus Dunn, Rev. Acad. Soc. Cienc. Exactas, Fis. Nat., 6: JA.
1932 Anol V
1944
[^
i
i
Type-locality:
i
—
Distribution:
Region of type locality.
ANOLIS INS IGNIS Cope I87I Anolis insignis Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., I87I: San José, Costa Rica. I876 Anolis insignis Cope, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., (2)
—
Distribution;
Panama to Costa Rica,
in
213, 8
pl-
(I875):
24,
fig.
120, pi.
2.
Type-locality:
24, fig.
1.
mountainous areas.
ANOLIS INTERMEDIUS Peters I863 Anolis
ntermedius Peters, Monats. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, I863:
143.
Type-locality:
— —
Veragua,
ntermed us Bocourt, Miss. Sci. Mex., Rept.: 69, pi. 15» fig» 4 (type 1873 Anolis Type-locality: 187s Anolis tessellatus O'Shauqhnessy , Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (4) I5: 279. ntermedius Taylor. Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 38: 106, figs. 27-26 1956 Anolis i
Distribution:
Costa Rica.
Panama to Costa Rica and Nicaragua.
ANOLIS JACARÉ Boulenger 1903 Anolis ¡acare Boulenger, Ann. 1600 m.
Distribution:
Mag.Nat. Hist., {7) 11:
Venezuela, eastern Colombia.
482.
Type-locality:
Mérida, Venezuela,
57
ANOLIS ANOLIS KEMPTONI Dunn 1940 Anolis kemptoni Dunn. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phlla., 52: ChiriquT, Panama, 53OO ft.
Distribution;
111.
Type-locality:
Finca Lérida,
Known only from type locality.
ANOLIS LAEVIS (Cope) I876 Scytomvcterus laevis Cope, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., (2) 8 (I875): I65. Between Moyabamba and Puerto Balso, R'o Huallaga, eastern Peru. 188=^ Anolis laevis Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 56.
Type-locality:
—
Distribution;
Known only from type locality.
ANOLIS LAEVIVENTRIS (Wiegmann) D.|_ actyloa
A.j^ nol is j ) laevi ventr is Wiegmann, Herpetologia Mexicana: 47. Type-locality: Mexico; J ( restricted to Jalapa, Veracruz, by Smith and Taylor, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., 199, 195"» 63. I843 Dactyloa wiegmann Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: 67. Type-locality; Mexico. 1873 Anolis laeviventris Bocourt, Miss. Sci. Mex., Rept.; 87, pi. 16, figs. 18-18a (type).
I834
i
—
Distribution; Moderate and intermediate elevations from central Veracruz, Mexico, through uplands of Chiapas, Mexico, into northwestern Guatemala.
ANOLIS LATIFRONS Berthold 1846 Anolis lat if rons Berthold, Nachr. Univ. Konigl. Ges. Wiss. Gottingen, 8-10: Popayan, Colombia. 1885 Anolis latifrons Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 62.
Type-locality;
11.
—
Distribution:
Northwestern Ecuador through Chocó of Colombia to southern Central America.
ANOLIS LEMNISOATUS Boulenger 1898 Anolis lemniscatus Boulenger, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, I898: Chimbo, Ecuador.
Distribution:
10,
fig.
Phila., 1861:
213.
II3, pi.
4.
Type-locality:
Western Ecuador.
ANOLIS LEMURINUS Cope 1861 Anolis ( Gastrotropis ) lemurinus Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Veragua, Panama.
Distribution: Content:
From central Veracruz, Mexico to northwestern South America.
Two subspecies.
Key to the subspecies 1.
Type-locality:
Supraorbital semicircles
in
Clave de subespecies
contact lemurinus
Supraorbital semicircles separated bourgeae
i
1.
Semicírculos supraorb tales en contacto lemurinus Semicírculos supraorbi tales separados bourqeae i
I
58
ANOL 1 S
^
Anol
is
lemur inus lemuri nus Cope
Type1862 Anolis ( Pracontura ) vittiqerus Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc . Phila., 1862: I79. Truando region, Colombia. locality: Type-locality; Berlin, Akad. Wiss. 740. 18/3: 1873 Anolis palpebrosus Peters. Monats. Chiriqu', Panama. Type-locality: Dariln, 1887 Anolis frontatus Thominot, Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris, (7) 11: I85. Panama. Stuart (by inference). Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 1948 Anolis lemurinus lemurinus ] i
—
[
65:
45.
iqS6 Anolis lemurinus lemur inus
— Taylor.
Univ.
Kansas Sci. Bull., 38:
100,
24-26.
figs.
Low and moderate elevations on Caribbean slope from Costa Rica to Panama Distribution; and on Pacific slope from Chiapas, Mexico to El Salvador.
Anol
is
lemur inus bourqeae
i
Bocourt
Type-locality; 1873 Anolis Bourqeaei Bocourt, Miss. Sci. Mex., Rept.: 76, pi. 15, fig. 9. Orizaba and Huatusco, Mexico. Type-locality; 1932 Anolis ustus verae-pacis Barbour, Proc. New England Zool. Club, 12: 58. Hacienda Chimoxan, Alta Verapaz, Guatemala, I5OO ft. Stuart, Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 6'): 49. 1948 Anolis lemurinus bouroeaei
—
Low and moderate elevations of Caribbean slope from central Veracruz, Mexico Distribution: to northern Honduras.
ANOLIS LEPTOSCELIS Boulenger Pebas Type-locality; 1885 Anolis leptoscelis Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 92, pi. 5, fig. 3. and Yurimaguas, R'o Huallaga, northeastern Peru. Pebas, Upper Amazon, Peru. Type-locality: 1885 Anolis macropus Cope, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc, 23: 101.
Amazonian slopes of Peru and Ecuador.
Distribution:
ANOLIS LIMIFRONS Cope 1862 Anolis
Í
Type-locality; Dracontura ) limifrons Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1862: I78. = Cucuyos, Veragua Province, Panama, according to Barbour, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool.,
Veragua; 1934,
Distribution;
Panama through central America on Caribbean slope to Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Mexico.
Three subspecies, one of which
Content:
(
m
icrolep
extral
is
Alvarez del Toro and Smith)
1.
Cabeza más larga que la tibia; escudos cefálicos lisos o débilmente guillados; rodr iguez aspecto delgado Cabeza del mismo tamaño que la tibia; escamas de la cabeza distintamente guilladas; 1 im f rons especto no delgado
is
im
i
tal
.
Clave de subespecies
Key to the subspecies 1.
Head longer than tibiaj head scales smooth or weakly keeled; slender form rodr iquez Head same length as tibia; head scales distinctly keeled; not slender 1 im if rons i
i
i
i
i
Anol
is
1 im
77»
139-
i
f rons
1
imif rons Cope
1871 Anolis trochilus Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., I87I; 215. Costa Rica. 1873 Anolis pulchripes Peters, Monats. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, I873; 739. Panama. Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1874: 67. 1874 Anolis bransfordi
Type-locality: San José,
Type-locality: ChiriquT,
Type-locality: Nicaragua. Panama. 1882 Anolis Rivieri Thominot, Bull. Soc. Philom, Paris, {7) 6: 25I. Type-locality: 1948 [ Anol is 1 im if rons 1 imif rons j Stuart (by inference). Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., i
—
69:
49.
Distribution;
Caribbean slope, Panama to Nicaragua.
59
ANOLIS
Anol
is
1 iinif rons
rodr quez I
i
i
Bocourt
Bocourt, Miss. Sc . Mex., Rept.: 62, pi. I3, fig. 1-la. I873 Anol is Rodr guez Type-locality: Panzos, Guatemala. Type-locality: 71873 Anol is rub ginosus Bocourt, Ann. Sc . Nat. Zool. Paris, (5) 17j ^irt. 2: 1. Oaxaca, Mexico. 1885 Anolis aureolus Cope, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc, 22: 39O. Type-locality: Yucatán and Guatemala; restricted to Chichen Itza, Yucatan, by Smith and Taylor, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., 195, 1950, 64. I89I Anolis acutirostris Ives, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc . Phila., I89I: 459. Type-locality: Citilpech, Yucatán, Mexico. Anolis limifrons rodriguezii Stuart, Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 69: 49. 1948 i
i
i
i
i
i
i
—
Low elevations of Caribbean slope from
Distribution: Honduras.
isthmus of Tehuantepec, Mexico to
Comment: Stuart, Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 9I, 1955, I9, suggested that Anolis qunther Bocourt may also be synonymous with this taxon. i
ANOLIS LINDEN
I
Ruthven
1912 Anolis lindeni Ruthven, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 25: I63. May be erroneous, E.E. Williams, in litt.
Distribution:
Type-locality:
Santarem, Brazil;
Known only from type specimen.
ANOLIS LINEATUS Daudin 1804 Anol s 1 nea tus Daudin, Hist. Nat. Rept., 4: 66, pi. 5^» ^'9' !• Type-locality: South America. Boulenger. Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 38. 188S Anolis lineatus Rand and Rand, Studies on the Fauna of Curasao and other Caribbean Islands, 24: 1966 Anol s 1 neatus 112. i
i
i
i
— —
Distribution:
Curasao Island.
ANOLIS LIONOTUS Cope Type-locality: 1 ionotus Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1861: 210. ( Dracontura ) Cucuyas de Veragua, Panama. TypeI876 Anolis oxylophus Cope, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., (2) 8 (I875): I23, pi. 24, fig. 4. locality: None given, probably type was from southeastern Costa Rica. Type-locality: Boulenger, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1894: 727» pl» *8, fig. 1. I894 Anolis r ix Chontales, Nicaragua. 1956 Anolis lionotus Taylor. Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 38: I37, fig. 38. I86I Anolis
i
—
Distribution:
Panama to Nicaragua.
ANOLIS LONGICAUDA Hallowell 1860 Anolis lonqicauda HaUowell. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., I860: 481.
Distribution;
Type-locality:
Nicaragua.
Known only from type specimen.
ANOLIS LOVERIDGEI Schmidt 1936 Anol is lover idge Schmidt, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 49: 47. Yoro, Honduras, 4100 ft. i
Distribution:
Type-locality:
Portillo Grande,
Known only from type locality.
ANOLIS MACROLEPIS Boulenger 1911 Anol s macrolep s Boulenger, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., {&) and Condoto, Chocó, Colombia, I5O-2OO ft. i
Distribution:
i
Known only from type localities.
I'.
21.
Type-locality:
Novita, R'o Tamaña
60
ANOLIS
ANOLIS MACULIVENTRIS Boulenger I858 Anolis macul ventr is Boulenger, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, I858: Paramba, Ecuador. locality; i
Distribution!
111, pi. 11, fig.
1.
Type-
Lowlands of northwestern Ecuador.
ANOLIS MARIARUM Barbour 1532 Anolis mar iarum Barbour, Proc. New England Zool. Club, north of Medell'n, Departamento Antioquia, Colombia.
Distribution:
12:
100.
Type-locality:
Sampedro, 45 km
Known only from type locality.
ANOLIS MERIDIONALIS Boettger
—
Boettger, Zeits. fur Naturwiss., '^8: 21$. I885 Anol is ( Praconura ) chrysolepis Paraguay. Type-locality: I885 Anolis meridionalis Boettger, Zeits. fur Naturwiss,, S8: 437. Mato Grosso, Type-locality: 189S Anolis holotropis Boulenger, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) I5: 522. Brazil. Chapada, 'figType-locality: Soc. London, I5O3! 2. Proc. Zool. 69> 1503 Norops sladeniae Boulenger, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Jaguara, Type-locality: 19S3 Norops marmorata Amaral. Mem. Inst. Butantan, 7 (1932): 63, figs. 19-20. Rio Grande, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Distribution:
A NOLIS
Mato Grosso, Brazil and Paraguay.
MICROTUS Cope
Phila., I87I: I87I Anolis microtus Cope. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc San José, Costa Rica. Phila., (2) 1876 Anolis microtus Cope. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sc 1923 Diaphoranol is brooksi Barbour. Dec. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mountain, eastern Panama, 25OO ft. i
—
Di
ANOLIS
214, pi.
.
i
.
8
24,
fig.
2.
Type-locality:
(I875): II9, pi. 24, fig. 2. Mich., I29: ]. Type-locality:
Sapo
str but ion: i
Ml
RUS Williams
1963 Anolis mirus Williams. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 129: 467, figs. 1-2. southwestern Colombia.
Distribution:
Type-locality:
R'o San Juan,
Known only from type locality.
ANOLIS NANNODES Cope Coban, Alta Type-locality: Acad. Nat. Sc . Phila., 1864: I73. Verapaz, Guatemala; Arriba, Costa Rica and Jalapa, Mexico; restricted to Coban, Alta Verapaz, Guatemala, by Stuart, Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 69, 1948, 5O; restricted to Arriba, Costa Rica, by Smith and Taylor, Univ. Kansas Sc . Bull., 33, I95O, §16; discussed by Smith and Taylor, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., I99, I95O, 63, and by Dunn and Stuart. Copeia, I95I, 57. I873 Anol is nannodes Bocourt, Miss. Sc . Mex., Rept.: "¡l, pl. 15, fig. 4 (type). Finca Los Alpes, Type-locality: 1942 Anolis cortezi Stuart, Dec. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 464: 8. km east and slightly south of Coban, Alta Verapaz, Guatemala. 35 Type-locality: Coban, 1950 Anolis stuarti Smith, in Smith and Taylor, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., I99: 63. Guatemala. 1864 Anolis nannodes Cope, Proc.
i
i
—
i
Distribution: Moderate and intermediate elevations on Caribbean slope of Alta Verapaz, Guatemala, and also possibly Chiapas, Mexico.
61
ANOLIS ANOLIS NASOFRONTAL
Amaral
IS
1933 Anolis nasofrontalis Amaral, Mem. Inst. Butantan, f (1532): 58, figs. 11-12. Estado do Espirito Santo, Brazil. 1545 And is nasofrontal is Myers and Carvalho, Bol. Mus. Nac, Brazil, 43: 5.
Type-locality:
—
Distribution:
Estado do Espirito Santo, Brazil.
ANOLIS NICEFORI Barbour 1932 Anol s ncoinpertus n cef or Barbour, Proc. New England Zool. Club, 12: 170 km north of Bogotá, Departamento de Boyacá, Colombia, 824 m. Dunn, Rev. Acad. Col. Exactas, Fis. Nat., 6: 15. 1544 Anol is n icef ori i
i
i
100.
i
Type-locality: Humbo,
—
Distribution:
Interandean highlands of Colombia.
ANOLIS NIGROLINEATUS Williams 196'i
Anolis niqrolineatus Williams, Breviora, Mus. Comp. Zool., 233: Máchala, Provincia El Oro, Ecuador.
Distribution:
ANOLIS
NI
fig.
2.
Type-locality:
Máchala and Guayaquil, Ecuador.
TENS (Wagler)
I83O Draconura n tens Wagler, Nat. Syst. Amph.: I863 Anolis ( Draconura ) ni tens Peters. Monats.
Type-locality: America. 149. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, I863: 142.
i
Northeastern South America.
Distribution: Content:
Two subspecies.
Key to the subspecies 1.
4,
Clave de subespecies
Upper head scales smooth; head not shorter than tibia; four series of enlarged dorsal scales; adpressed hind limb does not reach tip of snout bond Upper head scales keeled; head shorter than tibia; two series of enlarged dorsal scales; adpressed hind limb reaches tip of snout n tens i
i
1.
Escamas supracef ál icas lisas; cabeza no más corta que la tibia; cuatro series de escamas agrandadas dorsales; extremidad posterior hacia adelante no alcanza la punta del hocico bond Escamas supracefál icas quilladas; cabeza más corta que la tibia; dos series de escamas dorsales agrandadas; extremidad posterior hacia adelante alcanza la punta n tens del hoc ico i
i
Anol
i
s
n
i
tens
n
i
tens (Wagler)
Surinam. I837 Anol is refulgens Duméril and ^ibron, Erp. Gen., 4: 91' Type-locality: 191^ Anolis nitens [ n tens ]— Fowler (by inference), Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc . Phila., I9I3: i
i
Distribution:
Anol
i
s
n
i
tens bondi
Surinam, Guyana, and Venezuela.
Fowler
1919 Anolis nitens bondi Fowler, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc Cariquito, Venezuela. locality:
Distribution:
Eastern Venezuela.
i
.
Phila., I913: I7I, pi. 10.
Type-
I7I.
62
ANOLIS
ANOLIS NOTOPHOLIS Boulenger 1896 Anolis notopholis Boulenger, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) 17: I7. Colomb ia.
Type-locality:
Buenaventura,
Coastal area near Buenaventura, Colombia.
Distribution:
Cope
ANOLIS ORTONI
Río Ñapo or Upper Type-locality: Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc . Phila., 1868: 57. 1868 Anolis ortoni Rio Mararíón, Ecuador or Peru. French Guiana. Type-locality: I87O Anolis cynocephalus Bocourt, Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, Bull., 6: I3. Bocourt, Miss. Sci. Mex., Rept.: pi. 14, figs. 1-1^ (holotype). 187^ Anolis cynocephalus i
i
—
Amazonian Basin.
Distribution:
ANOLIS PACHVPUS Cope I876 Anolis pachypus Cope. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., (2) 8 (I875): Slopes of Pico Blanco, Costa Rica. locality: 1556 Anolis pachypus Taylor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 3^: 145«
122, pi.
24,
fig.
3.
Type-
—
Costa Rica; Volcán Chiriqu!, Panama.
Distribution:
ANOLIS PALMER
I
Boulenger
I5O8 Anolis palmeri Boulenger, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (s) western Colombia.
Distribution:
112.
1:
Type-locality:
Los Mangos, south-
Known only from type locality.
ANOLIS PENTAPRION Cope 1862 Anolis ( Coccoessus ) pentaprion Cope, Proc. Río Truando, Colombia.
Nat.
Sci.
i
s
Type-locality:
Clave de subespecies
Upper head scales smooth; ear opening very small and rounded; 18 lamellae under phalanges 2 and 3 of fourth toe; light grey above with white spots beckeri Upper head scales rugose; ear opening modérate and sub-oval; 22 lamellae under phalanges 2 and 3 of fourth toe; reddishbrown above marbled with blackish pentapr Ion
Anol
I78.
Two subspecies.
Key to the subspecies 1.
Phila., 1862:
Low elevations on Caribbean slope from Colombia to Chiapas, Mexico.
Distribution: Content:
Acad.
1.
Escamas supracefál leas lisas; abertura aud va muy pequeña; 18 lámelas bajo la falanges 2-3 del cuarto ortejo; gris pálido becker encima con manchas blancas Escamas supracefál ¡cas rugosas; abertura auditiva moderada sub oval; 22 lámelas bajo las falanges 2-3 del cuarto ortejo; rojizo café con marmoraciones negruzcas pentaprion 1
i
i
pentapr on pentapr on Cope I
i
ISqq Anolis sulcifrons Cope, Sci. Bull. Philadelphia Mus., 1: 6, pl. 2, flg. 1. Typelocality: Uncertain, perhaps from Bogotá, Colombia; restricted to Barranqu 11a, Colombia, by Smith and Taylor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 33, I55O, 363; restriction rejected by Dunn and Stuart, Copeia, 1551» 56' ISqO Anol IS panamensis Boulenger, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, I85O: 81, pl. 8, figs. 3-3a. Typelocality: Panama; see Dunn and Stuart, Copeia, 1551» 5^, for discussion of type local ty. 19*58 Anolis pentaprion [ pentaprion ] Stuart, Cont. Lab. Vert. Biol. Univ. Mich., 75: 21. 1
I
—
Distribution; Lowlands of Colombia to Nicaragua; reported at 6000 ft on Volcán Chiriqui, Panama, by Walters, Copeia, 1553, 126.
63
ANOLIS
Anoli
s
pentapr ion becker
1881 Anol
is
becker
i
i
Boulenger Yucatán,
Type-locality:
Boulenger, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1881: 521.
Mex ico. iq'i8
Anolis pentaprion becker —Stuart. Cont. Lab. Vert. i
Biol. Univ.
Mich., 75:
21.
Low elevations on Caribbean slope from Chiapas, Mexico to Honduras, Distribution: Yucatán Peninsula and British Honduras.
including
ANOLIS PERACCAE Boulenger 1898 Anolis peraccae Boulenger, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, ISJS: 108, pi. 10, fig. 1-la. Type-locality: Chimbo, Ecuador. Ecuador. Type-locality: 1501 Anolis irregularis Werner. Verb. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien., 'jl: 59*'
Northwestern Ecuador.
Distribution:
ANOLIS PETERS
I
I
Bocourt
I873 Anolis Petersii Bocourt. Miss. Sc . Mex., Rept.: 75, pi. I3, fig. 2; pi. I5, figs. 11-lla. Type-locality: Alta Verapaz, Guatemala. Guatemala: Type-locality: bi v ttata Werner, Verb. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien, 46: 351. I856 Anol is petersi restricted to Ooban, Guatemala, by Smith and Taylor, Univ. Kansas Sc . Bull., 33, 1550, 317; see comments by Dunn and Stuart, Copeia, 1951» 59' i
i
i
i
Distribution: Moderate elevations on Caribbean slope from San Luis Potosi, Mexico and on Pacific slope from Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Mexico, south to Honduras.
ANOLIS PHYLLORHINUS Myers and Carvalho 19*5 Anol s phyllorh nus Myers and Carvalho, Bol. Mus. Mac. Brazil, Zool., 43: locality: Borba, Rio Madeira, Estado do Amazonas, Brazil. i
i
Distribution:
figs.
2,
I-5.
Type-
Known only from type locality.
ANOLIS POECILOPUS Cope 1862 Anolis ( Oracontura ) poecilopus Cope. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1862: I79. Near Cartagena and on R'o Truando, Colombia. I885 Anol is poec lopus Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 84.
Distribution:
Type-locality:
—
i
Known only from type material.
ANOLIS POLYLEPIS Peters I873 Anolis polylepis Peters, Monats. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1873* 73^. 1556 Anolis polylepis Taylor. Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 38: 87, fig.
—
Distribution:
Type-locality;
Chiriqui, Panama
21.
Panama to southwestern Costa Rica.
ANOLIS PRINCEPS 1902 Anolis princeps Boulenger, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (7) 5: 'San Javier and Salidero, Ecuador.
Distribution:
5^'
Type-locality:
Rio Lita, Paramba,
Lowlands of northwestern Ecuador.
ANOLIS PROBOSCIS Peters and Orces 1556 Anol s probóse s Peters and Orces, Breviora, Mus. Comp. Zool., 62: 2, fig. Cunuco, 5 ki" northwest of Mindo, Provincia Pichincha, Ecuador, 1200 m. i
Distribution:
i
Middle altitudes of western slopes
in
Type-locality:
Provincia Pichincha, Ecuador.
64
ANOLIS ANOLIS PSEUDOTIGRINUS Amaral Mem. Inst. Butantan, 1533 inolis fiseudoilarinus Amaral, Region of Rio Doce, Espirito Santo, Brazil.
7
(1932): 60, figs.
Type-locality:
13-14.
Known only from type locality.
Distribution:
ANOLIS PUNCTATUS Daudin 1802 Anolis punctatus Daudin. Hist. Nat. Rept.,
84,
pi,
fig.
48,
2.
Two subspecies.
Clave de subespecies
Key to the subspecies
punctatus boulenqeri
Ventral scales smooth Ventral scales keeled
1.
Anol
i
s
South America
Type-locality:
Amazonian valley.
Distribution: Content:
4:
1.
punctatus boulengeri
Escamas ventrales lisas Escamas ventrales quilladas
punctatus punctatus Daudin Type-locality: San Pedro Raise nach Brasilien, 2: I3I. d'Alcantara, virgin forest, Brazil. Type-locality: Morro d'Arara, in Anolis viridis Wied. Re se nach Brasilien, 2: I32. virgin forest of Mucurf, Brazil. ii Type-locality: Sc Ital. 1?: 60. Soc. Fis. , Math. Anolis viridissimus Raddi. Mem. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Type-locality: Riode 1?: 6I. , A nolis bullaris Radd , Mem. Math. Fis. Soc. Ital. Sc Janeiro, Brazil. Para, Type-locality: Anol is violaceus Spix, Sp. Nov. Lac. Bras.: I5, pi. I7, fig. 2. Brazil. Type-locality: Rio de Janeiro, Anol is nas icus Duméril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., 4: II5. Brazil. Brazil. Anolis catenifer Ahl. Zool. Anz., 62: 8$. Type-locality: TypeAnolis transfasciatus Amaral, Mem. Inst. Butantan, 7 (1932): 60, figs. I5-I6. locality: Estado do Espirito Santo, Brazil. Anol is transfasciatus Myers and Carvalho, Bol. Mus. Nac. Brasil, 43: 10, figs. 6-9» Peters (by inference), Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., II9: 18. AnolTs punctatus punctatus ] [
1821 Anolis gracilis Wied.
1821
i
,
Iflpg
1823 I823 I837
1925 1933 1945 1967
i
i
.
.
1
—
Distribution:
—
Brazil, northeastern and eastern Venezuela.
Amazon region,
Anolis punctatus boulenger 1881 Anolis boulengeri
i
'Shaughnessy
Shaughnessy, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1881: Type-locality: Canelos, Ecuador. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., II9: 1967 Anolis punctatus boulenger —Peters '
i
Distribution:
.
242, pi.
24,
fig.
1.
18.
Amazonian Peru, Ecuador and Colombia; western Amazonas, Brazil.
ANOLIS PURPURESCENS Cope I899 Anol is purpurescens Cope, Sc . Bull. Philadelphia Mus., 1: 7* Colomb ia. Taylor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 38: 75> 1956 Anol is purpurescens i
—
Distribution:
A NOLIS
Type-locality: "fig*
R'o Truando,
18.
Colombia to Costa Rica.
RADULINUS Cope
1862 Anol is ( Gastrotropis ) radulinus Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. locality: Truando region, Colombia. 188*1 Anol is radul nus Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 86. i
—
Distribution: Known only from type material.
Phila., 1862: 1£
Type-
65
ANOLIS ANQLIS RHOMBIFER Boulenger I854 Anolis rhombifer Boulenger, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, Chontales, Nicaragua.
Distribution:
I854:
728,
pi.
48, fig.
2.
Type-locality:
Known only from type locality.
ANOLIS ROQUET (Bonnaterre) 1785 Lacerta roquet Bonnaterre, Tab. Encycl. Meth. Erpét.: 5*> pl- 9> figMartinique. Ruthven. Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., I43: 6. 1923 Anolis roquet
Type-locality:
5-
—
Distribution: Content:
Anol
i
s
Martinique, Grenada, Barbados, St. Lucia, Trinidad and Guyana.
Two subspecies, of which one
(
roquet Lacépéde)
extral
is
im
i
tal.
roquet extremus Garman
I887 Anolis extremus Garman, Bull. Essex Inst., I5: 11. Type-locality: Barbados. 1564 Anolis roquet extremus Underwood, Reptiles of the Eastern Caribbean, 1st Suppl.:
—
i.
Distribution: Barbados, South Lucia and Georgetown, according to Underwood, loc. cit. thriving population has been imported into Caracas, Venezuela.
A
ANOLIS SAGREI Dumlril and Bibron Type-locality: Cuba. I837 Anolis Saqrei Dumlril and Bibron, Erp. Gin., 4: I49. Bocourt (emendation of sagre Dumlril and Bibron), Miss. Sc . I873 Anol is Saqrae 15, fig. 14 (type). Boulenger (emendation of sagre Dumlril and Bibron), Cat. Liz. I885 Anol is sagrae
— —
Distribution:
i
I
i
i
Mex., Rept.: Brit.
80, pi.
Mus., 2:
40.
Guatemala, Mexico, Cuba, Jamaica, Bahamas and southern Florida.
Content: Five subspecies, of which four ( lúteos iqn Bibron and ste jneqer Barbour) are ex tral im tal.
i
f er
Garman, ord ina tus Cope, sagre
i
Dumlril and
i
i
Some authors regard the populations of this species living on the mainland as belonging to Comment! the nominate subspecies (Stuart, Duellman, Fugler), while others recognize a distinct mainland subspecies (Smith, Burger, Neill, Allen). We do not know who is correct, and we list the distinct subspecies here simply because it exists in the literature.
Anol
i
s
saqre
i
mayens
Smith and Burger
is
TypeiqqO Anolis saqrei mayensis Smith and Burger, Anal. Inst. Biol. Mexico, 20 (1949); 40/, Panlao island, in mouth of Rfo Mamantel, Laguna de Términos, Campeche, locality: Mex ico.
1965 Anolis saqrei mayensis
Distribution:
— Ne ill.
Bull.
Florida St.
Mus., 9:
91.
Campeche, Mexico; British Honduras and Caribbean coast of Guatemala.
ANOLIS SALVINI Boulenger 188S Anolis salvini Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., Distribution:
ANOL
IS
SCAPULAR
IS
2:
75.
Guatemala.
Boulenger
Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (s) 1908 9O8 Anol Anolis is scapularis scapular is Boulenger, Bo Sara, eastern Bolivia, Bol 600 m. i
Distribution:
Type-locality:
Known only from type locality.
Amazonian Bolivia and Peru.
1:
II3.
Type-locality:
Provincia del
66
ANOL I
ANOLIS SCYPHEUS Cope 1864 Anolis scypheus Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc . Phlla., 1864: Caracas, Venezuela, according to Boulenger, below. Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 5O. 188;i And s scypheus i
Type-locality:
I72.
None given;
—
i
Distribution:
Venezuela; Amazonian Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.
ANOLIS SERICEUS Hallowell El Euceros Type-locality: I856 Anolis sericeus Hallowell, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., I856: 227. de Jalapa, Veracruz, Mexico. Type-locality: Central America; 18Sq Anolis sallaei Gunther. Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1855= 121. stated as Mexico by Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 1854, 80. Type-locality: Mexico. 1864 Anolis heliactin Cope. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1864: I72. I873 Anolis Jacobi Bocourt, Miss. Sci. Mex., Rept.: 73> pl- 13> fg- 8 (specific name spelled Jabobi Type-locality: Veracruz; restricted to is clear). but intent and Jacobis on on p. 73, p. 74, Veracruz, Veracruz by Smith and Taylor, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., I55, I95O, 68. Type-locality: 1940 Anolis ustus wellbornae Ahl. Sitz. Ges. Naturforsch. Freunde Berlin, I54O: 246. El Salvador.
Low elevations Distribution: south to Nicaragua. Content:
in
Mexico, from Tamaulipas on east and Isthmus of Tehuantepec on west,
Two subspecies.
Comment: When Ouellman, Univ. Kansas Publ. Mus. Nat. Hist., I5, 1565» 596, put Anolis ustus in this species, he did not discuss the synonyms listed above. We therefore make no attempt to list them with the subspecies synonymies.
Clave de subespecies
Key to the subspecies 1.
Usually fewer than 56 dorsal scales counted from axilla to groin; supraorbital semiclrcles separated by two or three rows of scales ser Iceus Usually more than 57 dorsal scales; supraorbital semicircles in contact or separaustus ted by one row of scales
Anol
i
s
1.
Usualmente menos de 56 escamas dorsales desde la axila hasta la ingle; semicírculos supraorb tales separados por dos o tres hileras de escamas ser iceus Usualmente más de 57 escamas dorsales, semicírculos supraorb tales en contacto separados por una hilera de escamas ustus i
i
ser iceus ser iceus Hallowell
1565 Anol
is
sericeus
[_
ser iceus j
— Duellman,
Univ. Kansas Publ.
Mus.
Nat. Hist.,
15^
596»
Low elevations in Mexico, from Tamaulipas and Isthmus of Tehuantepec, to Distribution: Nicaragua, excluding Yucatán Peninsula and British Honduras.
Anol
is
ser iceus ustus Cope
Belize, 1864 Anolis ustus Cope. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1864: I72. Type-locality: British Honduras. Nat. Anol iceus ustus Univ. Kansas Publ. Mus. Hist., is ser Duellman, I5! 59^* 1965
—
Distribution:
Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico; British Honduras.
ANOLIS SMINTHUS Dunn and Emlen 1932 Anolis sminthus Dunn and Emlen, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 84: 26. Juancito, Honduras, 69OO ft.
Distribution:
Known only from vicinity of type locality, 6400-7000 ft.
Type-locality:
San
67
ANOLIS
ANOLIS SOL TAR US Ruthven I
I
1516 Anolis solitarius Ruthven, Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Lorenzo, Santa Marta Mountains, Colombia, 5^00 ft.
Distribution:
Mich., 32;
2,
pi.
1.
Type-locality!
San
Santa Marta Mountains, Colombia.
ANOLIS SOUAMULATUS Peters I863 Anolis squamulatus Peters, Monats. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, I863! 14$. Type-locality: Puerto Cabello, Venezuela. Bocourt, Miss. Sc Mex., Rept.: pi. 14, fig. 21. 1873 Anol s squamulatus Dunn (in error for squamulatus Peters), Proc. New England Zool. Club, 16: 7. 1937 Anolis squamatulus
— —
i
Distribution;
i
.
Northern Venezuela, Panama.
ANOLIS STEINBACHI Griffin 1917 Anolis steinbachi Griffin. Ann. Carnegie Mus., 11: Provincia del Sara, Bolivia, 35'^ "'•
Distribution:
3O8, pi.
33,
figs.
1-4.
Type-locality;
Known only from type locality.
ANOLIS TIGRINUS Peters I863 Anolis tiqrinus Peters, Monats. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, I863: I43. Bocourt, Miss. Sci. Mex., Rept.: pi. 14, fig. 1874 Anol s t qr inus Boulenqer. Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 55. ISSq Anolis tiqrinus i
— —
i
Type-locality;
Chile (in error).
2.
Distribution: Recorded from Rancho Grande, Venezuela, by Test, Sexton, and Heatwole, Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 128, I966, I3.
ANOLIS TOWNSENDI Stejneger Type-locality: 1900 Anolis townsendi Stejneger, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., J6: I63. Rica. Taylor. Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 38: 123, fig. 33. 19°i6 Anolis townsendi
Cocos
Island, Costa
—
Distribution:
Cocos
Island,
Costa Rica.
ANOLIS TRACHYDERMA Cope I876 Anolis trachyderma Cope. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., (2) Peru. 1885 Anolis trachyderma Boulenqer. Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2; 87.
8
(I875); 168.
Type-locality:
Nauta,
—
Distribution:
ANOLIS TRANSVERSAL
Known only from type locality.
IS
Dumeril
South Type-locality; I85I Anolis Transversalis Dumeril, Cat. Meth. Coll. Rept. Mus. Paris: 57. America; actually Sarayacú, Peru, fide Williams and Vanzolini, Pap. Avuls. Depto. Zool. Sao Paulo, 19, 1966, 197. Bocourt, Miss. Sci. Mex., Rept.: pi. 14,fÍ9. 3 (holotype). 1873 Anolis transversalis Type-locality: 1880 Anolis buckleyi 0' Shauqhnessy . Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1880: 492, pi. 49. Pallatanga, Ecuador. 1966 Anolis transversalis Williams and Vanzolini, Pap. Avuls. Depto. Zool. Sao Paulo, I9: 197-
—
—
Distribution:
Amazonian Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru and Colombia; Estado Amazonas, Brazil.
68
ANOLIS
ANOLIS TRINITAT
IS
Reinhardt and Lütken
I863 Anolis Trini tat is Reinhardt and Lütken, Vidensk. Medd. Naturhist. Foren. Kjobenhavn, 1862: 265. Trinidad. Type-locality:
Distribution: Content: extral
Anol
s
i
Trinidad, St. Vincent, St. Lucia.
Three subspecies, of which two
Í
v
incent
i
i
Carman
and procurator
i
Underwood) are
s
imi tal.
tr
i
n
tat
i
i
s
tr
i
n
i
tat
i
1955 Anolis trini tatis tr
Distribution:
Reinhardt and Lutken
s
i
n
i
tat is
— Underwood,
Bull.
Mus.
Comp.
Zool.,
12:
212.
Trinidad and St. Vincent Islands.
ANOLIS TROPIDOGASTER Hallowell Type1857 Anolis. ( Draconura ) trop doqaster Hallowell, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., I857: 224. Colombia. locality: Rio Magdalena, Type-locality: 1869 Anolis st iqmosus Bocourt, Bull. Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, 5: 43. Colomb ia. San Lorenzo, Type-locality: 1916 Anolis qa iqei Ruthven, Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Mich., '¡2: 6, pi. 3Santa Marta Mountains, Colombia. Andagoya, Type-locality: Club, 12: 101. Proc. New England Zool. 19^2 Anolis albi Barbour, Departamento Chocó, Colombia. i
Distribution: Western slopes of Colombia and Ecuador to Panama, Santa Marta area, Colombia and western Venezuela.
ANOLIS TROPIDOLEPIS Boulenger Irazu, Costa Rica.
Type-locality: I885 Anol s tropi dolepis Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 5319% Anolis tropidolepis Taylor. Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 38: 146, figs. 40-41. i
—
Distribution:
Provincias Cartago, San José and Heredia, Costa Rica, between 1600 and 2600
m.
ANOLIS TROPIDONOTUS Peters Given as Type-locality: 1863 Anolis tropidonotus Peters. Monats. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, I863: 135Huanusco, Veracruz, Mexico; Smith and Taylor, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., 155, 1950, 60, suggested this is in error for Huatusco, Veracruz. Bocourt. Miss. Sci. Mex., Rept.: IO3, pi. 16, fig. 3O (type). I873 Anolis tropidonotus
—
Lowlands of Pacific slope of Oaxaca and Caribbean slope of Veracruz, Mexico to Distribution: Honduras and Nicaragua. Content:
Anol
i
s
Two subspecies, one of which
(
sp
i
lorh
i
p is
Alvarez del Toro and Smith)
is
extral
im
i
tal.
trop donotus trop donotus Peters i
i
I873 Anolis metallicus Bocourt, Ann. Sci. Nat. Zool. Paris, (5) 17» ^^t.
2:
1.
Type-locality:
Mex ico.
Type-locality: 1906 Norops yucatanicus Barbour and Cole, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., '^0: I49. Chichen Itzá, Yucatán, Mexico. 1556 A. [ nolis ] t.[ rop idonotus j tropi donotus Alvarez del Toro and Smith, Herpetolog ica, 12: ^.
—
Distribution:
Lowlands of Caribbean slope from Veracruz, Mexico to Honduras and Nicaragua.
69
ANOLIS ANOLIS VENTRIMACULATUS Boulenger 1511 Anolis ventr imaculatus Boulenger, Ann. ^ Chocó, Colombia.
I
A MS
I
I
Nat. Hist.,
(s) 7:
20.
Rio San Juan,
Type-locality:
Known only from type locality.
Distribution:
ANOLIS WILL
Mag.
Bocourt
I87O Anol is Will iamsi 187^ Anolis Williamsi
Distribution:
i
i
Bocourt, Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, Bull., 6: I6. Type-locality; Miss. Sc Mex., Rept.: pi. I3, fig. 5.
— Bocourt,
i
Bahia, Brazil.
.
Known only from type locality.
ANOLIS WOOD! Dunn 1540 Anolis woodi Panama
Distribution: Content:
Dunn, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc
i
.
Phila., 52:
110.
Type-locality:
Mountain areas from Panama to Costa Rica.
Two subspecies.
Key to the subspecies 1.
Clave de subespecies
Dewlap dark olive to blackish with magenta scales; 140 scales around middle of body; scales bordering occipital not enlarged attenua tus Dewlap pinkish orange on edge with whitish scales; 125 scales around middle of body; scales bordering occipital enlarged wood
1.
i
Anol
i
s
woodi wood
i
Distribution:
nol
i
s
19*56
Saco guiar oliva oscuro a negruzco con escamas magenta; 140 escamas al medio del cuerpo; escamas que bordean el occipital no
agrandadas attenua tus Saco guiar rosado naranja en el borde con escamas blancas; 125 escamas al medio del cuerpo; escamas que bordean el occipital bastante agrandadas woodi
Dunn
1956 Anolis woodi woodi
A
El Volcán, Chiriquí,
— Taylor,
Univ. Kansas Sci.
Bull., 38:
II5, fig.
3I.
Chiriquí, Panama, to Puntarenas Province, Costa Rica on Pacific slope.
woodi attenuatus Taylor
Anolis woodi attenuatus Taylor. Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 38: 118, fig. 32. Isla Bonita, southeastern slope of Volcán Póas, Costa Rica, SS^"^ ft.
Distribution!
Known only from type locality.
Type-locality:
___^
70
repulía: AMPHISBAENIA: AMPHISBAENIDAE
****
ANOPS
Anops King! Bell. Type-specjes: 1833 Anops Bell, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, I833: 59. Novara, I867 Anopus Steindachner (¡n error for Anops Bell), Reise der Osterre ich schen Fregatten Zool., Rept.: 55. 1916 Anopsibaena Ste jneger (replacement name for Anops Bell), Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 25: 85. (Stejneger bel ieved Anops Bell to be preoccupied by Anops Oken, Lehrb. Naturgesch., 3 (l), I8I5, 358, a name later shown to be unavailable.) i
i
As for single species.
Distribution:
One species.
Content:
ANOPS KING!
Bell
I
1833 Anops Kinqi 1964 Anops kinqi
Distribution: Argent na. i
i
i
Type-locality: Bell. Proc. Zool. Soc, London, 1833: 55. and Rhodes, Amer. Mus. Novitates, 2186: 3.
"In America Australi".
— Gans
Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil to Uruguay;
inland to Córdoba and south to Rio Negro,
in
repulĂa: SAURIA: TEIIDAE
* -^
'
_^
71^
ANOTOSAURA
ANOTOSAURA Amaral 1533 Anotosaura Amaral, Mem.
Distribution: Content:
Inst.
Butantan,
7 (l-932)i
68.
Type-species: Anotosaura collar
is
Amaral.
As for single species.
One species.
ANOTOSAURA COLLARIS Amaral 19^3 Anotosaura coUaris Amaral. Mem. Inst. Butantan, Villa Nova (=Senhor do Bonfim), Bahia, Brazil.
Distribution:
Bahia and Pernambuco, Brazil.
7
{1532): 69, figs. 36-40.
Type-locality:
72
repulía: SAURIA: IGUANIDAE
****
APTYCHOLAEMUS
APTYCHOLAEMUS Boulenger 1891
Aptvcholaemus Boulenger, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) lonaicauda Boulenger.
Distribution: Content:
8;
85.
Type-species;
Aptycholaemus
As for single species.
One species.
APTYCHOLAEMUS LONGICAUDA Boulenger Type-locality: I851 Aptvcholaemus lonaicauda Boulenger, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) 8: 85. del Oro, Argentina. Type-locality: 18qS Anisolepis argentinus Koslowsky. Rev. Mus. La Plata, 6: 415, pl- 2. Argentina (probably Province, not city, according to José Gallardo). Distribution:
From Buenos Aires to Misiones, Argentina.
Riacho Buenos Aires,
73_
REPTILIA: SAURIA: TEIIDAE
ARGALlAr a^av,^
JK jf Í< jf
ARGALIA Gray 1846 Arqalia Gray. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (l) 18: 67.
Distribution: Content:
Type-species:
Arqal
la
marmorata Gray.
As for only known species.
One species.
ARGALIA MARMORATA Gray
"
Aa¡»S-a
aa*,iam)<i^ t-a
^^t ofTF-)Av
>«,
T M
1846 Arqalia marmorata Gray. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (l) 18: 67. Type-locality: Colombia. 1847 Arqal ia ol Ivacea Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1847: 57. Type-locality; Near Colonia de Tovar, Venezuela, 8000 ft. I856 Gerrhonotus poeciloch ilus L ichtenste in. Nomenclátor Reptillum et Amphlbiorum Musei Zoologici Berol Inens Is: I6. Type-locality: Veragua, Puerto Cabello, Panama.
Distribution:
Central Venezuela, northern Colombia, and probably southern Panama.
1
369^215
0—70-
?
74
* if
REPTILIA: SAURIA: GEKKONIDAE
ARISTELLIGER
ARISTELLIGER Cope Aristell iqer lar Type-species: 1862 Aristelliqer Cope. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc . Phila., 1861: 455. Cope. Idiodactylus qeorgeensis Sc Rept.: 41. Type-species: Miss. . Mex., odac-tylus Bocourt, I87O d Bocourt Type-species: Ar stell qella 1532 Ar stell gella Noble and Kl nger, Amer. Mus. Novitates, '¡¡i'): 4, harbour Noble and Klinger. ¡
I
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
Distribution;
Content: extral
West
Indies and Peninsula of Yucatán, Mexico;
British Honduras.
Four species, of which three (cochranae. Grant, lar Cope, and praes ignis Hallowell) are im
i
tal.
ARISTELLIGER GEORGEENSIS (Bocourt) Type-locality: I87O Idiodactylus qeorgeensis Bocourt, Miss. Sc . Mex., Rept.: 41, pi. 10, figs. 1-ld. St. George Island, off Belize, British Honduras. Island, Soc, 22: Type-locality: Cozumel Cope. Proc. Amer. Phil. I885 Aristelliger irregularis 387' Yucatán. Sm th and Taylor, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., I99: 5I. 1550 Aristelliqer georgeens s i
i
Distribution:
—
i
Quintana Roo and Cozumel
Island, Mexico, to British Honduras and neighboring
islands.
75
***
REPULÍA: SAURIA: TEIIDAE
ARTHROSAURA
ARTHROSAURA Boulenger 1885 Arthrosaura Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., ret iculata O' Shaughnessy.
Distribution:
2:
Type-species:
385.
Cercosaura
(
Pantodactvlus )
Brazil, Venezuela, Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana, eastern Ecuador.
Content: Four species, according to most recent revision by Cunha, Atas Simp. Biota Amaz., 1967, 141-170.
Key to the species 1.
5,
Clave de especies
Three supraoculars Four supraoculars
2
kock
i
Fewer than five preanal plates Six preanal plates
ret iculata
3.
Three preanals Four preanals
versteeg amapaense
3
i
Tres supraoculares
2
Cuatro supraoculares
i
2.
i
1.
kock
2.
Menos que cinco placas preanales Seis placas preanales
3-
Tres placas preanales
i
ret iculata
versteea amapaense i
Cuatro placas preanales
ARTHROSAURA AMAPAENSE Cunha 1967 Arthrosaura amapaense Cunha, Atas Simp. Maracá, Territorio do Amapá, Brazil.
Distribution:
ARTHROSAURA KOCK
I
Biota Amaz.,
I5I, fig.
5=
Type-locality:
1.
Alta Rio
Known only from type locality.
(Van Lidth)
I
Van Lidth, Notes Leyden Mus., 2$: 9I, pi. 7, figs. 3-4. 1904 Pr ionodactylus Kock Type-locality: Surinam; type received from Coppename Expedition. Peixeboi 1923 Arthrosaura dors str iata Müller, Zool. Anz., 57' ^^7 • Type-locality: ( Braganjabahn), Para, Brazil. 1928 Arthrosaura kock Brongersma . Zool. Anz., 78: 333. Cunha, Atas Simp. Biota Amaz., 5: 155, ^'9- !• 1967 Arthrosaura kocki i
i
i
i
— — i
Distribution:
Surinam to eastern Brazil.
ARTHROSAURA RETICULATA (O Shaughnessy) '
1881 Cercosaura Pantodactvlus ) reticulata O'Shaughnessy, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1881: 23O, pi. 22, fig. 1. Type-locality: Canelos, Ecuador. 1885 Arthrosaura ret culata Boulenger. Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 389. Type1931 Pantodactylus tyleri Burt and Burt, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 6I: 362, figs. 14-15. locality: Summit of Mount Duida, Venezuela. Cunha, Atas Simp. Biota Amaz., 5' 153> fig- !• 1967 Arthrosaura reticulata (
—
i
—
Distribution:
Eastern Ecuador, western Amazonian Brazil, southern Venezuela.
ARTHROSAURA VERSTEEGI
I
Van Lidth
1904 Arthrosaura Versteeqii Sur nam. 1967 Arthrosaura versteeqii
Van Lidth,
Notes Leyden Mus., 25:
89.
Type-locality:
I
Distribution:
— Cunha,
Atas Simp.
Biota Amaz.,
Brazil, Surinam, Guyana, French Guiana.
5=
150, fig.
!•
i
3
Cottica Mountains,
i
26
**
REPTILIA: SAURIA: TEIIDAE
ARTHROSEPS
ARTHROSEPS Boulenger I858 Arthroseps Boulenger, Proc. Zool. Boulenger.
Distribution: Content:
Soc.
London, I858: 520.
Type-species:
Brazil.
Two species.
Clave de especies
Key to the species 1.
Arthroseps werneri
Prefrontal scales smaller than frontonasal; scales on caudal border of anus and proximal werneri areas of thighs granular Prefrontal scales longer than frontonasal; scales on caudal border of anus and proximal f luminensis areas of thighs not granular
1.
Escudos prefrontales notablemente menores que el frontonasal; borde caudal del ano y porci贸n werneri proximal de los muslos granulosa Escudos prefrontales mas largos que el frontonasal; borde caudal del ano y porci贸n proximal f luminensis de los muslos no granulosa
ARTHROSEPS FLUMINENSIS Amaral 1933 Arthroseps fluminensis Amaral. Mem. Inst. Serra de Macae, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Butantan,
7
(1932):
67,
figs.
26-3O.
Type-locality;
Distribution: Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais and Distrito Federal, Brazil.
ARTHROSEPS WERNERI Boulenger 1898 Arthroseps werneri Boulenger, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, I858: 521, pi. 55, fig. Blumenau, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
Distribution:
Sao Paulo and Santa Catarina, Brazil.
3.
Type-locality:
77
re pulía:
AMPHISBAENIA: AMPHISBAENIDAE
"^
^^
AULURA
AULURA Barbour 1514 Aulura Barbour, Proc.
Distribution: Content:
New England Zool. Club, 4: 56-
Type-spec ies:
Aulura anómala Barbour,
As for single known species.
One species.
AULURA ANÓMALA Barbour
Type-locality: 1514 Aulura anómala Barbour, Proc. New England Zool. Club, 4: ')G. Vanzolini, Bol. Mus. Paraense Em'lio Goeldi, 10: 2/6, figs. 1548 Aulura anómala
—
Distribution:
Estado do Para and Estado de Maranháo, Brazil.
"Brazil".
78
**
REPULÍA: SAURIA: TEIIDAE BACH
I
A
BACHIA
Gray
Encyclo. Meth., Erp.: 66. 1750 Chalcides Bonaterre (preoccupied by Chalcides Laurenti, I768), Tabl. Chale des flavescens Bonnaterre. Type-spec es: Type-spec es: 75. 1820 Chaléis Merrem (preoccupied by Chaléis Fabricius, I787) Tent. Syst. Amph. Chalcides tridactvlus Daudin. Type-spec es: 1820 Colobus Merrem (preoccupied by Colobus llliger, I8II), Tent. Syst. Amph.: 76. Seps monodactylus Daudin. 1826 Brachypus Fitzinger (preoccupied by Brachypus Swainson, 1824), Neue Classification der Reptilien: Brachypus Cuvi er Fitzinger. 20: Type-species: 1843 Cophias Fitzinger (preoccupied by Cophias Merrem, 1820), Neue Classification der Reptilien: 20. Chalcides d'Orbiqnyi Dumeril and Bibron. Type-species: 1844 Microdactvlus (Tschudi MS) Agassiz (not of Fitzinger, 1843, preoccupied by Microdactylus Geoffroy, i
¡
¡
:
i
i
I8O9), Nomina Systematica Genera Reptllium: 28. Chalcides Dorbiqnyi Dumeril and Bibron. Type-species: 1845 Bachia Gray, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: 58. Chalcides Type-species: 1883 Herpetochalcis Boettger, Ber. Offenbach. Ver. Naturk., I883: I5O. heteropus L ichtenste in. Brachypus cuvieri Type-species: 188S Scolecosaurus Boulenqer, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 416. F tz nger. Chalcides heteropus Type-species: 1896 Sesquipes Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., I896: 466. L ichtenste n. Heteroelon ium Type-species: Phila., 466. I856: 1896 Heteroelonium Cope, Proc. Acad, Nat. Sci. b icolor Cope. None designated. Type-species: 1900 Anisoelonium Cope, Ann. Rep. U.S. Nat. Mus., I89B: 56I. 1935 Apatelus Amaral (preoccupied by Apatelus Mulsant and Rey, I86O), Mem. Inst. Butantan, 9: 249. Amaral. bresslau Apatelus Type-species: i
i
i
i
Northern South America east of Andes to southern Brazil and eastern Bolivia; Trinidad; Distribution: Grenada, Grenadines. Content:
Eighteen species.
Clave de espec ies
Key to the species
Digits present on some or all feet No digits on any foot
No todas las extremidades carecen de dedos Todas las extremidades carecen de dedos
2
bresslau
i
2
bresslau Forefoot with more than two digits Forefoot with two digits
harbour
Prefrontal present Prefrontal absent
i
i
Prefrontal presentePrefrontal ausente--
4 8
Three digits on hind foot Four digits on hind foot
5
i
Extremidades anteriores con más de dos dedos--3 Extremidades anteriores con dos dedos--barbour
3
4.
Con tres dedos en las extremidades posteriores-
6
Con cuatro dedos en las extremidades poster or es i
Claws present Claws absent
Three supraoculars Two supraoculars
17
heteropa
7
scoleco des i
Ventral scales squarish and juxtaposed Ventral scales hexagonal and imbricate
Uñas presentes Uñas ausentes
17
heteropa
Tres supraoeulares Dos supraoeulares
-scoleco ides
18
Escamas ventrales euadrangulares
ia
Escamas ventrales hexagonales
y
yuxtapuestas j^g
panopl
e
imbricadas panopl '.
Interparietal present Interparietal absent
9
13
Hind foot with fewer than three digits 10 Hind foot with three digits flavescens
Interparietal presente nter parietal ausente
I
—
ia
9
13
Extremidades posteriores con menos de tres dedos 10 Extremidades posteriores con tres dedos flavescens
79
BACH 1
10. Supraoculars absent
lO.Supraoculares ausentes-Supraoculares presentes-
-11 -12
Supraoculars present11. Forefoot with four digits--
Forefoot with three digits-
i
anteriores con cuatro dedos-
i
Extremidades anteriores con tres dedosntermed
—
12. Forefoot with four digits
11. Extrem dades
b icolor ntermedia
ia
i
1 neata schleqel i
Forefoot with three digits-
-
i
cuatro dedos en la extremidades anteriores1 neata Con tres dedos en las extremidades anteriores schleqel
12. Con
i
i
13'Supraoculars presentSupraoculars absent--
— i
13-
Supraoculares presentes Supraoculares ausentes
15
monodactylus
14. One supraoculai
Two supraoculars
parl<er
supraocular Dos supraoculares
14. Una
i
15»First and second pair of postmentals in contact on midline; second pair does not reach lip--l6 First pair of postmentals in contact on midline; second pair reaches lip talpa
16. Fourth supralab ial each s ide
in
Fifth supralabial each si de
in
monodactylus parker i
15"Dos pares de posmentales medialmente en contacto, el segundo par de posmentales no llega al borde oral 16 Primer par de posmentales medialmente en contacto, el segundo par de posmentales llega al talpa borde oral
contact with parietal on peruana contact with parietal on dorb any i
16. Cuarto supralabial en contacto con el parietal peruana en cada lado Quinto supralabial en contacto con el parietal en cada lado dorb ony
i
i
i
ly.Two light lateral stripesNo light lateral stripes--
- pall
ly.Con dos cintas laterales claras Sin cintas laterales claras
ceps -blairi i
18. Prefrontals
d
i
i
y
frontal
alien
(Barbour)
1514 Scolecosa [uJ rus alleni Barbour, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., 44: 315' Type-locality: Grenada. Vanzol n . Pap. Avul. Depto. Zool. S3o Paulo, 14: 204. 1561 [ Bachia ] alien i
Distribution: Content:
Bach
i
a
i
i
internasal
i
BACHIA ALLENI
pall diceps blairi
18. Prefrontales medialmente en contacto cuv er Prefrontales separada por un contacto entre
in contact on midline cuv er Prefrontals separated by contact between internasal and frontal alien i
—
i
alien
i
Trinidad and adjacent mainland
tr
i
n
i
tat
i
St.
George's,
i
Two subspecies, one of which
(
alien
in
i
Venezuela; Grenadines, Grenada, and Tobago.
Barbour)
is
extral
im
i
tal.
(Barbour)
s
Caparo, Type-locality: 1914 Scolecosaurus trinitatis Barbour, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., 44: '}!(>. Trinidad. figs. Pap. Sao Paulo, 14: I83, Avul. Depto. Zool. Vanzolini, 1561 Scolecosaurus trinitatis 1-51565 Bach a alien i
Distribution:
BACHIA BARBOUR
I
i
tr
i
n
i
tat
i
s
— — Thomas,
Proc.
Biol. Soc. Washington, 78: 152-
Trinidad and adjacent mainland
in
Venezuela.
Burt and Burt
1531 Bachia barbouri Burt and Burt, Bull. Amer. Perico, Cajamarca, Peru.
Distribution:
Northwestern Peru.
i
14
Mus.
Nat. Hist., 6I:
3I8, figs.
5-8.
Type-locality:
i
i
80
BACHIA
BACHIA BICOLOR (Cope) 1896 Heteroclonium bicolor Cope. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., I896: 466. Colomb ia. Ruthven, Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 8: 63. 1922 Bachia bicoloi
Bogotá,
Sierra de Perija, Venezuela; eastern Colombia.
Distribution:
BACHIA BLAIRI
Type-locality:
(Dunn), new combination
19A0 Scolecosaurus blairi Dunn. Proc. Acad. Armuelles, Chiriquí, Panama.
Nat.
Sci. Phila., 92:
II5.
Puerto
Type-locality:
Known only from type locality.
Distribution:
BACHIA BRESSLAUI (Amaral)
Estado de Sao
Type-locality: 1935 Apatelus bresslaui Amaral, Mem. Inst. Butantan, 9: 25O, figs. I-3. Paulo, Brazil. Vanzol n , Pap. Avul. Depto. Zool. Sao Paulo, 14: 200. 1961 Bacliia bresslau
—
i
i
i
Originally thought to be Estado de Sao Paulo, Brazil, but Vanzolini, Pap. Avul. Depto. Distribution: Zool. Sao Paulo, I9, I966, I89, described a specimen from Mato Grosso and expressed doubt about the validity of type locality.
BACHIA CUVIERI
(pitzinger)
1826 Brachypus cuvieri Fitzinqer. Neue Classification der Reptilien: Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2; 416. 188S Scolecosaurus cuvieri Vanzol n . Pap. Avul. Depto. Zool. Sao Paulo, 1961 [ Bachia J cuv er i
i
5O.
Type-locality:
Unknown.
—
—
i
i
14:
204.
Possibly Brazil; still not known from any specific locality. Distribution: 76, assigned to this species a specimen that may have come from Brazil.
Barbour, Copeia,
1933»
BACHIA DORBIGNYI (Oumeril and Bibron) Santa Cruz, "Chile"; Type-locality: 1839 Chalcides Dorbignyi Dumeril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., 5: 462. corrected by Vanzolini, Pap. Avul. Depto. Zool. Sao Paulo, 14, I96I, I98, to Santa Cruz de la S erra, Bol via. Gr ff n. Ann. Carnegie Mus., 11: 312. 1917 Bachia dorb qny 1961 Bachia dorb qny —Vanzol n . Pap. Avul. Depto. Zool. Sao Paulo, 14: 198, figs. 4-7. i
i
—
i
i
Distribution:
i
i
i
i
i
Eastern Bolivia; Mato Grosso, Brazil.
BACHIA FLAVESCENS (Bonnaterre)
Type-locality; 1739 Chalcides flavescens Bonnaterre, Tabl. Encyclo. Meth., Erp.: 67, pi. 12, fig. 4. Unknown. None given. Type-locality: 2O9. 2: Amphibiorum, Historiae Cophias Schneider, 1801 Chamaesaura Unknown. Type-locality: 1802 Chalcides tridactylus Daudin. Hist. Nat. Rept., 4: 367, pi. 58, fig. 3. 1922 B.[_ achia J flavescens Ruthven. Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 8: 63.
—
Distribution:
Northeastern South America to eastern Colombia.
Comment: The trivial names flavescens , cophias , and tr idactylus were all based on the figure on plate 32, of Lacepede, Hist. Nat. Quad. Ovip., I789, with two of the authors reproducing the All have the same "Iconotype", and are strict figure, and the third citing it in his text. synonyms.
BACHIA HETEROPA
(L
ichtenste in)
1856 Chalcides heteropus L chtenste in. Nomenclátor Musei Zoologici Berolinensis: La Guaira, Venezuela. 1925 B. [ achia ] heteropus Ruthven, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 38: IO5. i
—
Distribution:
Venezuela.
I7.
Type-locality:
81_
BACHIA BACH
I
A
INTERMEDIA Noble
1521 Bach
la
New York Acad. Sci.,
interinedia Noble, Ann.
2'):
142.
Type-locality:
Perico, Departamento
Cajamarca, Peru. Distribution;
Nortfiwestern Peru.
BACHIA LINEATA Boulenger 1503 Bachia lineata Boulenger, Ann. Falcon, Venezuela.
Distribution:
Mag.
Nat.
Hist., {7) 12:
432.
Type-locality:
Venezuela.
Two subspecies.
Content:
Key to the subspecies 1.
Duaca, Estado
Clave de subespecies
More than 44 scales between occiput and thigh; seven longitudinal rows of scales in front of enlarged pectorals 1 neata Fewer than 42 scales between occiput and five longitudinal rows thigh; of scales in front of enlarged pectorals marcelae
1.
i
Más de 44 filas de escamas entre occipucio y muslos; siete filas longitudinales de escamas frente a las pectorales agrandadas 1 neata Menos de 44 filas de escamas entre occipucio y muslos; cinco filas longitudinales de escamas frente a las pectorales i
marcelae
agrandadas Bach a i
1
ineata
1
ineata Boulenger
Type-locality: 1525 Bachia anómala Roux, Verh. Naturforsch. Ges. Basel, 40 (2): 3I. Distrito Acosta, Provincia Falcon, Venezuela. 1969 Bachia lineata 1 ineata Donoso-Barros, Carib. Jour. Sci., 8 (1568): 11/.
El
Mene,
—
Distrito Federal; Estados Yaracuy, Falcon, and Sucre, Venezuela.
Distribution:
Bach a i
1
i
neata marcelae Donoso-Barros and Garrido
marcelae Donoso-Barros and Garrido, Publ. Ocas. Mus. Cien. Nat. Caracas, Zool., 1-8. Type-locality: Bosque La Luz, Barinas, Venezuela. 1969 Bachia lineata marcelae Donoso-Barros. Carib. Jour. Sci., 8 (1968): 118. 1564 Bach 3,
ia
8:
figs.
—
In isolated patches of tropical forest within llanos of southern part of Distribution! Estado Barinas, Venezuela.
BACHIA MONODACTYLUS (Daudin) None given. Type-locality: 1802 Chalcides monodactylus Daudin. Hist. Nat. Rept., 4: 37O. 1820 Colobus Daud n Merrem (replacement name for Chale ides monodactylus Daudin), Tent. Syst. Amphib.: i
i
76.
I872 Chalcides trilineatus Peters. Amer ica.
Distribution:
Monats. Akad. Wiss.
Berlin, 1872:
775.
Type-locality:
South
Guyana; Amazonian Basin of Brazil.
Comment: This synonymy and the use of this name follows Vanzolini, Pap. Avul. Depto. Zool. S3o Paulo, 14, 1561, 195» "^1° used Bach ia coph ias Schneider for the taxon (see comment under Bach a f lavescens ). Since coph ias is not available, the next most senior synonym is monodactylus Daudin, according to Vanzolini, and this name is used without evaluation by us as to its appropriateness. i
BACHIA PALLIDICEPS (Cope) 1862 Brachypus pall diceps Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1862: 356» Type-locality: region, Colombia. 1561 [ Bachia ] pall diceps Vanzol n . Pap. Avul. Depto. Zool. Sao Paulo, 14: 204. i
i
Distribution:
—
i
i
Lowlands of northwestern Colombia; Darien, Panama,
Río Truando
82
BACHIA
BACH A PANOPLIA Thomas I
iq6S Bachia panoplia Thomas, Herpetolog ica, 21; 18.
Distribution:
Type-locality:
Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
Known only from type locality.
BACHIA PARKERI Ruthven
192^ Bachia parkeri Ruthven. Proc, Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 38: Guyana. Chenapowu River, on the Upper Potaro River,
Distribution:
IO3,
Type-locality:
4-6.
figs.
Northeastern South America to eastern Colombia.
BACHIA PERUANA (Werner) 1900 Cophias peruanus Werner. Abh. Ber. Zool. Anthr.-Ethn. Mus. Dresden, Chanchamayo, Peru. locality: 1925 B. [ achia ] peruana Ruthven, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 38: IO5.
Distribution:
5
(2):
5,
3
figs.
Type-
Eastern Peru.
BACHIA SCHLEGELI (Dumlril and Bibron)
Type-locality: Duméril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., 5= *57' I839 Chalci des Schleqel Type-locality: I887 Cophias boettaeri Boulenqer. Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 3: 5O8. Brongersma, Zool. Meded., 26: 237» figs. la-e. 1946 Bach ia schleqel i
i
Distribution:
East
Indies.
Central America?
—
Guyana.
BACHIA SCOLECOIDES VanzolinI 1961 Bachia scolecoides VanzolinI, Pap. Avul. Teles Pires, Mato Grosso, Brazil.
Distribution:
Depto, Zool.
SSo Paulo, 14;
202.
Type-locality;
Rio
Known only from type locality.
BACHIA TALPA Ruthven
1925 Bachia taiga Ruthven, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 38: Dupar, Sierra de Santa Marta, Colombia.
Distribution:
Sierra de Santa Marta and Caquetá, Colombia.
101, figs.
I-3.
Type-locality:
Valle
83
repulía: sadría:
^^
IG UANIDAE
BASILISCUS
BASILISCUS Laurenti Basiliscus americanus laurenti. Basiliscus Laurenti, Synopsin Reptilium: ^0. Type-species: Bas il iscus vi ttatus Wiegmann. Type-species: Corythaeolus Kaup, Isis von Oken, 21: II47. Basiliscus vittatus Wiegmann. Type-species: Oedicoryphus Waqler, Nat. Syst. Amph.; 148. Ophryoessa bil ineata Gray. Type-species: Thysanodactylus Gray, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: 153Gray. Lophosaura Goodridqi Type-species: Lophosaura Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (2) 10: 438. Ptenosaura Seemanni Gray. Type-species: Ptenosaura Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (2) 10: 438. Gray. mitrella Cristasaura Type-species; Cristasaura Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (2) 10: 435. Type-species: Craneosaura Gray, in Richardson, Zoology of Voyage of H.M.S. Herald, I845-5I: 148. Ptenosaura Seemann Gray. Daconura bivittata Type-species: Phila., I860: 482. 1860 Daconura Hallowell, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc Hallowell. Daconura bivittata Type-species: 1862 Paraloma Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1862: 181. Hallowell. Dactvlocalotes el isa Werner. Type-species: Anz., 36I. Zool. I6: Werner, 1853 Dactylocalotes
1768 1828 18S0 1845 I852 I852 1852 I854
i
i
.
i
Distribution: Jalisco in western Mexico and Tamaulipas in eastern Mexico through Central America to Pacific Ecuador, and to Venezuela and perhaps Peru east of Andes. Content:
Four species.
"
Key to the species 1.
2.
Abdominal scales smooth Abdominal scales keeled
2 v
i
1.
ttatus
Vertebral region with irregularly distributed scales showing no evidence of regular spacing-
2 v
i
ttatus
Vertebral region with very large, raised, regularly spaced scales, separated by several very small scales galer tus
Región vertebral con escamas distribuidas irregularmente sin trazas de espac iami ento regular 3 Región vertebral con escamas muy grandes, levantadas, espaciadas regularmente, separadas por varias escamas muy pequeñas qaler tus
Color primarily green, also including some blue plum if rons Color primarily brown, no green or blue
Color principalmente verde que también incluye algo de azul plum if rons Color principalmente pardo, sin verde o azul
2.
3
i
i
3.
Clave de especies
Escamas abdominales lisas Escamas abdominales carenadas
bas
i
1
J,
iscus
bas
i
1
iscus
BASILISCUS BASILISCUS (Linnaeus) 1758 Lacerta bas 1 scus Linnaeus, Systema Naturae, Ed. 10: 206. I83Ó [BasiliscusJ basiliscus—Wag 1er, Nat. Syst. Amphib.: 148. i
i
Type-locality:
"America australi."
Distribution: Northwestern Ecuador, Pacific slopes of Colombia; Venezuela; southern Central America. Content:
Two subspecies.
Clave de subespecies
Key to the subspecies
Head crest single, not erect but pendent on side of neck, ribbon-like, narrowing rapidly from base to form narrow lobe harbour tfead crest with dorsal rounded, erect lobe and second projection on posterior margin, not pendent, not narrowed bas 1 scus i
i
i
1.
Cresta cefálica única, no erguida sino colgante a los lados del cuello, acintada, enangostándose rápidamente desde la base barbour hasta formar un lóbulo angosto Cresta cefálica con lóbulo dorsal redondeado, erguido y segunda proyección en margen posterior, no pendiente, no enanbas 1 iscus gostada i
i
84
BASILISCUS
Bas
il
iscus basil iscus bas
il
iscus (Linnaeus)
South America. Type-locality: 1768 Basiliscus americanus Laurenti, Synopsin Reptilium: 50. 1802 Bas il iscus mi tratus Daudin (substitute name for bas il iscus Linnaeus), Hist. Nat. Rept., 42. 3: 310, pi. Type-locality: 18'^q Ophryoessa bilineata Gray, Zoology Beechey's Voyage, Reptiles: 94. Fernando de Noronha; questioned by Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2, I885, 108. Type-locality: "Quibo". Nat. Hist., 10: Gray, Ann. Mag. 438. Goodridgii Lophosaura (2) 1852 Type1876 Basiliscus guttulatus Cope, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., (2) 8 (I875): I56. Camp at Buhio Soldado, Panama. locality: Maturana, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 128: 26. 1562 B[ as 1 iscus ] basil iscus [ bas il iscus j
—
i
Distribution:
Bas
i
1
iscus bas
i
1
i
Soutliern Central America
scus barbour
i
to
northwestern Colombia and Ecuador.
Ruthven
TypeRuthven, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 27: 5> P^' 1> f ¡gs- 1-2. locality: Ga ra River at Minea, San Lorenzo, Santa Marta Mountains, Colombia, 2200 ft. Maturana, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 128: 26. 1562 Bas 1 scus bas 1 scus barbour 1514 Bas
i
1
iscus barbour
i
i
i
i
i
Distribution:
i
i
—
Western Venezuela and Santa Marta, Colombia.
BASIL ISCUS GALERITUS Dumlril
Type-locality: 1851 Basiliscus Galeritus Dumeril, Cat. Méth. Coll. Rept. Mus. Paris: 6I. "N. -Grenade", which is Colombia. Type-locality: "Quibo", on west 18^2 Ptenosaura Seemanni Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (2) 10: 438. coast of America. Distribution:
Pacific slopes of Colombia and Ecuador to Panama and Costa Rica.
BASILISCUS PLUMIFRONS Cope 1876 Basiliscus plumifrons Cope, Jour. Acad. Type-locality: Sipurio, Costa Rica.
Distribution:
Nat.
Sci.
Phila., (2)
8
(I875):
125, pi.
25,
figs. 1-la.
Panama, Costa Riga, and Nicaragua.
BASILISCUS VITTATUS Wiegmann 1828 Bas il scus v ttatus Wiegmann, Isis von Oken, 21: 373Type-locality: Mexico, restricted by Smith and Taylor, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., I55, I55O. 72, to Veracruz, Veracruz. 1852 Cristasaura mitrella Grayt Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (2) 10: 439. Type-locality: Honduras. 1860 Daconura bivittata Hallowell. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1860: 482. Type-locality: Nicaragua restricted to Greytown, Nicaragua, by Smith and Taylor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 33, 1950, 320. 1862 Basil iscus ( Cristasaura ) nuchal is Cope. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1862: 181. Type-locality: Near Greytown, Nicaragua. Type-locality: Sumatra. 1893 Dactylocalotes elisa Werner, Zool. Anz., 16:' 36I. i
i
Distribution: Jalisco and Tamaulipas, Mexico through Central America on both coasts as far as Colombia. Recorded from Ecuador by Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2, I885, 110.
85^
* '^ *
REPTILIA: SAURlA: GEKKONIDAE
BOGERTIA
BOGERTIA Loveridge 1541 Boqert ia Loveridge, Proc. Lover dge.
Biol.
Soc. Washington,
^A:
155*
Type-species:
Boqert
ia
lutzae
i
Distribution: Content:
As for single l<nown species.
One species.
BOGERTIA LUTZAE Loveridge 1541 Bogertia lutzae Loveridge, Proc. SSo Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. 1968 Boqert ia lutzae Vanzolini, Arq.
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;
Distribution:
Biol.
Soc. Washington,
Zool. Sao Paulo,
Bahia and Pernambuco, Brazil.
1/:
^A:
55-
I56.
Type-locality:
Near Pituba,
86
* * "^
repulía: SAURIA: GEKKONIDAE
BRIBA
BRIBA Amaral
1535 Briba Amaral, Mem.
Distribution;
Inst.
Butantan,
Ji
253»
Type-spec ies:
Br Iba brasil lana Amaral.
As for single known species.
One species.
Content:
BRIBA BRASIL AMA Amaral I
Type-locality: 1935 Briba brasiliana Amaral, Mem. Inst. Butantan, 5: 253Gerais, Brazil. 1968 Briba brasiliana Vanzolini, Arq. Zool. SSo Paulo, I7: 56-
—
Distribution:
Estado de Minas Gerais and Estado da Babia, Brazil.
Rio Pandeiros, Minas
** **
REPULĂ?A: AMPHISBAENLA: AMPHISBAENIDAE
BRONIA
BRONIA Gray I865 Bron
ia
Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, I865:
Distribution: Content:
BRONIA BRAS
III
448.
Type-species:
Bron
i
a
bras
i
1
iana Gray,
As for single known species.
One species.
ANA Gray
I865 Bron a bras 1 ana Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, I865: 448. Amazonas, Brazil. i
Distribution:
i
i
Lower Amazon, Santarem to Belem, Brazil.
Type-locality:
Santarem, Rio
^8 repulía: SAURIA: TEIIDAE
***
CALLOPISTES
CALLOPISTES Gpavenhorst Type-spec Íes: Callopistes 1838 Callopistes Gravenhorst, Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop. Carol., 18: 7*3» maculatus Gravenhorst. Type-spec es: Aporomera orna ta Dumlril and 1835 Aporomera Duméril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., 5- 65» Bibron. Type-spec Íes: 1877 Te iovaranus Ste indachner, Denkschr. Math. -Na turw ss. 01. Akad. Wiss. Wien, 38: 93Ste Indachner. Te iovaranus Bran ck i
i
i
i
Ecuador, Peru and Chile.
Distribution: Content:
i
Two species.
Key to the species
Clave de especies
Azygous frontal present; frontoparietal and interparietal conspicuous, clearly differenmaculatus t a ted Azygous frontal absent; frontoparietal and interparietal replaced by small scales flay punctatus
1.
i
Azygos frontal característico; con frontoparietal e interparietal diferenciados maculatus No hay azygos frontal; frontoparietal e intei parietal indi f erenc iados y reemplazados por f lav punctatus escamas pequeñas
—
i
i
CALLOPISTES FLAV PUNOTATUS (Duméril and Bibron) I
Type-locality: Tropical I835 Aporomera flav punctata Duméril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., 5^ 7^, pl- 51' South America. I877 Te iovaranus Branickii Ste ndachner, Denkschr. Math.-Naturw ss. 01, Akad. Wiss. Wien, 38: 53» plType-locality: Tumbez, Peru. 1, figs. a-d. 1845 Callopistes flav ipunctatus Cray, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: I7. i
i
i
—
Distribution:
Interandean valleys of Peru and southern Ecuador.
CALLOPISTES MACULATUS Gravenhorst I838 Callopistes maculatus Gravenhorst, Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop. Carol., 18: At foot of Cordillera, Chile. Type-locality:
Distribution: Content:
^19-
!•
Southern Antofagasta to Maule Province, Chile.
Clave de subespecies
Rows of ocelli present only on posterior half of dorsum Four rows of ocelli from neck to base of ta il
2.
55»
Three subspecies.
Key to the subspecies 1.
]ii, pl.
1.
Hileras de manchas dorsales extendidad 2 desde la mitad del dorso a la cola Cuatro hileras de manchas oceladas desde el cuello a la cola maculatus
2.
Color castaño lechoso con dibujos lineales e irregulares en la mitad del dorso atacamens is Lineas de manchas paravertebrales pequeñas no circundadas de blanco mann
2
maculatus
Ground color milky brown with linéate and irregular dorsal pattern a tacamens s Ground color not milky brown, with dorsal pattern of small paravertebral black spots lacking white borders mann i
i
i
maculatus Gravenhorst 1839 Aporomera ornata Duméril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., 5: 76. Type-locality: Chile. 1847 Ameiva oculata D'Orbigny and Bibron, Voyage dans l'Amerique Merldionale, Rept.: 5, pl. figs. 6-10. Type-locality: Valparaiso, Chile. 1848 Aporomera ocellata Guichenot, in Gay, Hist. Fis. Pol. Chile, Zool., 2: 6I, pl. 3, fig. Type-locality: Santiago, Chile. 1560 Callopistes maculatus maculatus Donoso-Barros, Rev. Chilena Hist. Nat., 55: 43, pl, 1.
—
Distribution:
Cauquenes to Copiapo, Chile.
5, 2.
89
GALLOP I STES Gallop istes maculatus atacamens
Donoso-Barros
is
1960 Callopistes maculatus atacamens is Donoso-Barros j Rev. Chilena Hist. Nat., 55: 49 Type-locality: Rocky coast of Caldera, Ctiile.
Distribution:
2.
Coastal area near beach, Copiapo Province, Chile.
Gallop istes maculatus mann
i
Donoso-Barros
i960 Callopistes maculatus mann Donoso-Barros, Rev. Chilena Hist. Nat., 5$: locality: Quebradas de Raposo, southern Antofagasta, Chile. i
Distribution:
pi.
Southern Antofagasta, Chile.
47,
pi.
2.
Type-
90
'^
REPTILIA: SAURIA: ANGUIDAE
^
CELEST US
CELESTUS Gray Type-species: Celestus striatus Gray. 1835 Ceiestus Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (l) 2; 288. Type-species: 1839 Microlepis Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (l) 2: 334. Microlepis undulata Gray. 1845 Oneyda Gray, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: 118. Type-species: Diploqlossus Qwen Duméril and Bibron. 1861 S iderolamprus Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc . Phila., 1860: 368. Type-species: S iderolamprus enneaqrammus Cope. 1862 Panolopus Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc Phila., 1861: 454. Type-species: Panolopus costatus Cope. i
i
i
i
Distribution: Content:
.
Mexico to Costa Rica; Antilles.
Twenty species, only
four
of which occur within the limits set for this wori<.
Key to the species
1.
2.
3.
Clave de especies
No lateral prefrontals,
single median prefrontal in contact with supraocular scales and frontal 2 Three prefrontal scales, including median and two lateral prefrontals, all in contact with frontal; green above, lighter on sides montanus
Prefrontal and frontonasal not fused; caudal scales not keeled Prefrontal and frontonasal fused; caudal cyanochlor scales strongly keeled
1.
Sin prefrontales laterales, prefrontal mediana única en contacto con escamas supraoculares y frontal 2 Tres escamas prefrontales, una mediana y dos laterales, todas en contacto con frontal; verde arriba más claro a los lados montanus
2. 3 is
conMedian prefrontal wider than long and tact with two supraoculars; no lateral prefrontals; two dorsolateral light stripes at itlanens is Median prefrontal as long as wide and in contact only with anterior supraocular; lateral prefrontals usually present; dorsolateral rozellae light stripe absent in
J.
Prefrontal y frontonasal no fusionado; escamas 3 caudales no guilladas Prefrontal y frontonasal fusionado; escamas caudales fuertemente guilladas c yanochloris
Prefrontal mediano contacta con dos supraoculares, más ancho gue largo; no hay prefrontales laterales; dos cintas claras dorsoat tlanens is laterales Prefrontal mediano contacta sólo con el supraocular anterior, tan largo como ancho; prefrontales laterales usualmente presentes! cintas claras dorsolaterales ausentes- rozellae i
CELESTUS ATITLANENSIS Smith 1950 Celestus atitlanensis Smith, Atitlan, Guatemala.
Distribution:
in
Smith and Taylor, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., I55:
I55.
Type-locality:
Known only from type locality.
CELESTUS CYANOCHLORIS Cope Type-locality: 1854 Celestus cyanochloris Cope. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1894: 200. Irazú, Costa Rica. 1556 Celestus chrvsochlorus Taylor ( lapsus for cyanochlor s ) , Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., '}8: i
Distribution:
Volcán 2O5.
Mountains of Heredia Province, central Costa Rica.
CELESTUS MONTANUS Schmidt 1533 Celestus montanus Schmidt. Zool. Ser. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., 20: 21. Merendon, west of San Pedro, Honduras, 45OO ft.
Distribution:
Type-locality:
Sierra de
Known only from type locality.
CELESTUS ROZELLAE Smith 1542 Celestus rozellae Smith, Proc. Mex ¡CO.
Distribution:
U.S.
Nat.
Mus., 52:
372.
Type-locality:
Palenque, Chiapas,
Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Mexico to El Peten, Guatemala, and British Honduras.
9L
^ j^ j^
REPTILIA: SAURIA: TEIIDAE
CERCOS AURA
CERCOSAURA Wagler I83O Cercosaura Wagler, Nat. Syst. Amph.: I58. Type-species: Cercosaura ocellata Waaler. 18*5 Emminia Gray, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: 24. Type-species: Emm in a ol vacea Gray. i
Distribution! Content: 1552.
i
As for single species.
One spec ¡es
,
accord ng to most recent revision, by Ruibal, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool.. 106. i
CERCOSAURA OCELLATA Wagler IS'^O
Cercosaura ocellata Waaler. Nat. Syst. Amph.: I58.
Distribution! Content:
Type-locality:
Three subspecies.
Key to the subspecies 1.
2.
"Asia?"
Tropical South America.
Clave de subespecies
Loreal large, undivided Loreal horizontally divided
bassler
Midbody scale count 25-3I Midbody scale count 22-24
ocellata peters
Cercosaura ocellata ocella
ta
2
1.
I
i
2.
Loreal grande, no dividido Loreal hor Izontalmente di vi di do
bassleri
Escamas al medio del cuerpo 25-3I Escamas al medio del cuerpo 22-24
ocellata peters
2
Wagler
Emminia olivácea Gray^, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: 24. Type-locality: Pernambuco, Brazil. 1862 Cercosaura humilis Peters, Abh. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1862: 180. Type-locality: Brazil. Cercosaura ocellata ocellata Ruibal, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 106: 494. 184=1
—
I'j'i2
Distribution:
Para and Bahia, northern Brazil; Guyana.
Cercosaura ocellata bassleri Ruibal 1552 Cercosaura ocellata bassleri Ruibal, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 106: Rfo Perene, Perene, Peru.
Distribution:
455-
Amazonian drainage of Peru; Amazonas, Brazil.
Cercosaura ocellata peters
i
Ruibal
1552 Cercosaura ocellata peters! Ruibal, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 106: 457Santa Maria, Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Distribution! Bol via. I
Type-locality:
Type-locality:
Estado do Rio Grande do Sul and Estado de S5o Paulo, Brazil; Provincia Sara,
i
92
,
*
repulía: SAURIA: TEIIDAE
CNEMIDOPHORUS
Se£S itiurinus Laurenti. Type-spec ies! 1890 CnemidoDhorus Waqler. Nat. Sysi. Amph.t 154. Lacerta sexlineata Linnaeus. Type-species: 184S Aspidoscelis Fitzinger, Systema Rep-l ilium: 20. Cnem idophorus liyperythrus Type-species: 186q Verticaria Cope. Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. , 11: 158. From Wisconsin Distribution: coast of South America.
Content:
in
United States to BahfaBlanca
Argentina; absent on Pacific
in
36 species, of which 26 are extral ¡mi tal.
Clave de especies
Key to the species 1,
2.
3.
4.
5.
Fewer than nine rows of longitudinal ventral alatesMore than nine rows of longitudinal ventral plates-
Frontonasal entire Frontonasal divided
1.
Menos de nueve hileras longitudinales de placas 2 ventrales Más de nueve hileras longitudinales de placas 6 vent rales-
2.
Frontonasal entero Frontonasal dividido
-2
3
motaguae
With one interparietal and two parietals With one interparietal and four parietals
3-
4
5
"~9
Three supraoculars Four supraoculars
anqusticeps
Nostril within nasal suture Nostril anterior to nasal suture-
lemniscatus ocell if er
,
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Enlarged plates on forelimb No enlarged plates on forelimb
7
mur inus
With more than two supraoculars With two supraoculars
8
vi
g.
ttatus
Supraoculars completely separated from other dorsal head scales by circle of granular long icaudus scales „^ Supraoculars not completely isolatedJ uby granular scales, latter oily present ¿osterlacertoides iorly and on external border .
7-
8.
j
•
j.
i
T
,
1,
-—
deppi
^^
I
i
e
interparietales suman cinco
4
5
a
.
y
^"^"^^'"P^
Abertura nasal situada entre la sutura lemn iscatus Abertura nasal situada anteriormente a la ocellif er sutura Placas braquiales agrandadas Placas braquiales no agrandadas
7
murinus
Con ma's de dos supraoculares Con dos supraoculares ,
•,
TT":"^
'^'"^^"^ x
j.
Supraoculares rodeados completamente por una j T, , ^ -- ilong icaudus hilera de grínulos— Supraoculares con una hi lera de granulos salo en la porción posterior y en el borde externol acertoides .
«
Frontoparietals separated from parietals by one cozumela or more accessory scales Frontoparietals in contact with parietals
nterparietales suman tres
e
„ , Supraoculares tres Supraoculares cuatro
„
'
9.
Parietales escudos Parietales escudos
3
""^^aquae
,
,
•
,
Frontoparietales separados de los parietales — cozumela p^^. ^^^^ ^ ^g^ escudos accesorios Frontoparietales en contacto con los pariedeppi tales
i
CNEMIDOPHORUS ANGUSTICEPS Cope I877 Cnemidophorus anqusticeps Cope. Proc. Amer.
Distribution: Honduras. Content:
Phil.
Soc,
I7:
95-
Type-locality:
Yucatin.
Lowlands of Yucatán Peninsula south to central El Peten, Guatemala and British
Two subspecies, one
(
anqusticeps Cope) extralimita!.
Cnemidophorus anqusticeps oetenensis Beargie and McCoy fig. 3a-b. 1964 Cnemidophorus anqusticeps petenensis Beargie and McCoy, Copeia, 1964: 565, Type-locality: La Libertad, El Peten, Guatemala.
Distribution:
El Peten,
Guatemala and Belize district of British Honduras.
93
CNEMIDOPHORUS
CNEMIDOPHORUS COZUMELA Gadow var. cozumela Gadow, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, I5O6: JlS. 1506 Cnem idophorus deppe Cozumel Island, Yucatán, Mexico. 1562 Cnem idophorus cozumelus McCoy and Maslin, Copeia, I562: 620. i
Type-locality:
—
Distribution:
Caribbean lowlands from Veracruz to Guatemala.
Two subspecies, one
Content:
(
rodeck
i
McCoy and Maslin, from Mujeres Island) extral
ing to the most recent revision by McCoy and Maslin, Copeia,
im
i
tal, accord-
I562, 620.
Cnem dophorus cozumela cozumela Gadow i
1562 Cnem idophorus cozumelus cozumelus
CNEMIDOPHORUS DEPPI
— McCoy
Yucatán and Quintana Roo,
Distribution:
and Maslin, Copeia, 1562: 621.
including offshore
islands,
Type-locality:
Distribution; Northern Veracruz and Michoacán south to Costa Rica, Isla Mujeres, Yucatán. Two subspecies, one
Cnem dophorus depp i
Retén, Guatemala.
Wiegmann
1830 Cnem idophorus Deppii Wiegmann, Herpetologia Mexicana: 28.
Content:
to El
i
i
depp
i
(
i
nf ernal is
Mexico.
including Isla de Cozumel and
Duellmen and Wellman) extral
im
i
tal.
Wiegmann
i
Type1860 Cnemidophorus deceml neatus Hallowell. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc . Phila., 1860: 482. Nicaragua. locality: Type-locality: Juchitán, I877 Cnemidophorus lativittis Cope. Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc, I7: 5** Tehuantepec, Mexico. Type-locality: 1894 Cnemidophorus alfaronis Cope. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc . Phila., 1854: I55. San Mateo, Costa Rica. Burt. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., 154: 56. 1531 Cnemidophorus deppii deppii Type1535 Cnemidophorus deppei oliqoporus Smith. Zool. Ser. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., 24: 26. locality: Pérez, Veracruz, Mexico. Univ. Mich., Zool. Ouellman and Wellman, Misc. Publ. Mus. deppe 1560 Cnem dophorus deppe Ill: 24, figs, lla-c, pi. 1, top fig. i
i
i
—
i
i
i
—
Distribution: On Pacific slope from Michoacán, Mexico, to Costa Rica; Atlantic slope Veracruz, Mexico and Honduras.
CNEMIDOPHORUS LACERTOIDES Dumir
i
1
in
and Bibron
Montevideo, Type-locality: 835 Cnem dophorus lacerto des Duméril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., 5= 13^' Uruguay. Type845 Cnemidophorus lacert no ides Gray (in error for lacerto des ) . Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: 22. locality: Montevideo, Uruguay (although Gray wrote "Chile", it is in error for Uruguay). Cnem dophorus qrandens Cope, Rio Grande, Proc. Phil. Soc, Type-locality: 865 s Amer. 11: I58. Brazil. Type-locality: 857 Cnemidophorus leachi Peracca, Boll. Mus. Zool. Comp. Anat. Torino, 12 (274): 6. San Lorenzo, Jujuy, Argentina. 566 Cnem idophorus lacerto ides Gallardo, Neotropica, 12: 24. i
i
i
i
i
i
—
Distribution: Brazil.
Uruguay; from southern Buenos Aires Province through northern Argentina to southern
CNEMIDOPHORUS LEMNISCATUS (Linnaeus) I7S8 Lacerta Lemniscata Linnaeus, Systema Naturae, Ed. 10: 2O5. error for Guiana. 1835 Cnemidophorus lemniscatus Duméril and Bibron, Erp. Gen.,
—
Type-locality: 5:
Guinea;
I23.
Distribution: Central America from Guatemala to northern South America east of Andes, many offshore islands. Content:
Three subspecies.
probably
including
in
94
CNEMIDOPHORUS
Key to the subspecies 1.
2.
Clave de subespecies
2 Some colors other than black on body n iqricolor Body uniformly black
!•
Sides with large rounded spots; femoral pores 27-33 arubensis Sides unspotted or with very few small spots; femoral pores I5-29lemn iscatus
2.
No hay melanismo-
Con melanismo generalizado
2 n
iqr icolor
Lados con manchas grandes, poros femorales 27-33 arubens is Lados con manchas pequeñas o ausentes; poros femorales 15-25 lemn iscatus
Cnem dophorus lemn scatus lemn scatus (Linnaeus) i
i
i
Type-local ity: America. 1768 Seps caeruleus Laurenti, Synopsin Reptilium: 63. Type-locality: 1785 Lacerta caerulescens Bonaterre, Tabl. Ency. Meth. Quad. Ovip.: 46. Unknown. 1802 Lacerta coeruleo-cephala Sonnini and Latreille, Hist. Nat. Rept., 1: 242, pl. 221, fig. 3. Type-locality: Brazil. Type-locality: 1820 Te ius cyaneus Merrem, Tentamen Systematis Amphibiorum: 6I. Tropical South Amer ca. Type?1825 T.|_ e us j cyanomelas Wied, Beitrage zur Naturgesch ichte von Brazilien, 1: 180. Mucurf, Brazil. locality: 18'^8 Ameiva lineata Gray. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 1: 278. Type-locality: Unknown. Type-locality: Unknown. I845 Cnem idophorus scutata Gray, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: 21. Type-locality: 188S Cnemidophorus espeuti Boulenqer. Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 362, pl. I5. Old Providence Island, Colombia. Ruthven, Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 16: 1. Type1915 Cnem dophorus lemn scatus qa qe locality: Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia. Cnem dophorus lemn scatus lemn scatus Beebe, Zoológica, 2: 212. 1919 1928 Cnem dophorus lemn scatus ruatanus Barbour, Proc. New England Zool. Club, 10: 60. TypeCoxen Hole, Ruatan, Bay Islands of Honduras. locality: Cnemidophorus U.S. lemniscatus lemniscatus Burt, Bull. Nat. Mus., 154: 1931 JO. i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
—
i
—
Distribution: Lowlands of tropical South America and Central America; and on following Caribbean Islands; Trinidad, Tobago, Pato, Margarita, Coche, Cubagua, Old Providence, St. Thomas, Swan, and Milford.
Cnemidophorus lemn iscatus arubens
is
(Van Lidth)
Aruba, Type-locality: 1887 Cnemidophorus arubensis Van Lidth, Notes Leyden Mus., 9= 132. Dutch West Indies. 1940 Cnemidophorus lemniscatus arubensis- Hummelinck, Studies Fauna Curajao, Aruba, Bonaire, Venez. Islands, 1: 85, pl. I3.
—
Distribution:
Island.
Aruba
Cnemi dophorus lemn iscatus ni gr icolor (Peters)
1873 Cnemidophorus niqricolor Peters, Sitz. Ges. Naturforsch. Freunde Berlin, 1873= 76« Los Roques Island, Venezuela. locality: 1931 Cnemidophorus lemniscatus niqricolon Burt, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 154: 40.
Type-
—
Distribution:
Restricted to Los Roques Archipiélago; Aves, Orchila and Blanquilla Islands.
CNEMIDOPHORUS LONGICAUDUS (Bell) 1843 Ameiva lonqicauda Bell. Zool. Voyage Beagle, Rept.: 28, pl. I5, fig. 1. Type-locality: Bahía Blanca, Argent na. 1845 Cnem dophorus lonq caudus Gray, Cat, Liz. Brit. Mus.: 21. I869 Cnem dophorus m ult 1 neatus Philippi, Arch, fur Naturg., 35^ ^lType-locality: Mendoza, Argent na. 1966 Cnem dophorus lonqicauda Gallardo, Neotropica, 12: 24, fig. 2. i
i
—
i
i
i
i
i
Distribution:
i
—
Northern Argentina.
95
CNEMIDOPHORUS CNEMIDOPHORUS MOTAGUAE Sackett 1941 Cnemidophorus motaquae Sackett, Notulae Naturae, 77= 1> figs. I-3. River, Zacapa, Guatemala.
Distribution:
Type-locality:
Motagua
Oaxaca, Mexico to Guatemala, Salvador, and Honduras.
CNEMIDOPHORUS MURINUS (Laurenti) 1768 Seps murinus Laurenti. Synopsin Reptilium: 63. vol. 2, pi. 105, fig. 2. 1830 Cnemidophorus mur nus—Waqler. Nat. i
Distribution: Content:
Type-locality:
Syst. Ampii.:
based on figure
in
Seba,
Curacao and Bonaire Islands.
Two subspecies.
Key to the subspecies 1.
Java;
IJ*.
Clave de subespecies
Femoral pores fewerthan 'jiFemoral pores more than 35
murinus ruthven
1.
i
Poros femorales menos de 3* Poros femorales mis de 35
murinus ruthven i
Cnemi dophorus murinus murinus (Laurenti)
I855 Cnem ¡dophorus min imus Cope ( incorrect spelling for murinus ) , Se . Bull. Phila. Mus., 1: 5' 1940 Cnemidophorus murinus murinug Hummelinck, Studies Fauna Curajao, Aruba, Bonaire, Venez. Islands, 1: 85.
—
Distribution:
i
Found only on Curasao and Klein Curajao Islands.
Cnem ¡dophorus muri nus ruthven
i
Burt
19?5 Cnemidophorus murinus ruthveni Burt, Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 32*: locality: Seroe Grandi, Bonaire Island.
Distribution:
1.
Type-
Bonaire and Klein Bonaire Islands.
CNEMIDOPHORUS OCELLIFER (Spix) Type-locality: Bah¡a, Brazil. 1825 Teius ocellifer Spix, Spec. Nov. Lacert. Bras.: 23, pi. 25. 1862 Cnemidophorus Hyqomi Reinhardt and Lütken, Vidensk. Medd. Naturhist. Foren. Kjobenhavn, 3 ( I86I) Marium, Braz¡l. Type-locality: 231. 1877 Cnemidophorus ocellifer Peters, Monats. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 18]]'- 414. 1960 Cnemidophorus ocellifer Hellmich, Abh. Bayerischen Akad. Wiss. Math.-Naturwiss. Kl., new ser.,
—
—
101:
72.
Distribution:
Brazil, Bolivia and Paraguay.
CNEMIDOPHORUS VITTATUS Boulenger 1902 Cnemidophorus vittatus Boulenger, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (7) 10: 400. Bol¡v¡a, 2500 m. D
¡str but ion: i
Known only from type locality.
Type-locality:
Paratani,
95
,
***
repulía: SAURIA: GEKKONIDAE
COLEODACTYLUS
COLEODACTYLUS Parker 1526 Coleodactylus Parker, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) 17= 258. onalis Boulenger.
Distribution: Content:
Type-species:
Brazil and Guyana.
Four species.
Clave de especies
Key to the species 1.
2.
3.
Sphaerodactylus meridi -
Dorsal scales smooth Dorsal scales keeled
amazon ¡cus
More than 40 ventral scales Fewerthan 40 ventral scales
^qu imaraes
2
1.
2.
Escamas dorsales lisas Escamas dorsales qui liadas
2
amazonicus
Número de escamas ventrales mayor que 40
3
in
m' j j «n 40 de escamas ventrales no mayor de Numero — qu maraes
i
Snout rounded; sheath of claw formed dorsally brachystoma by a single scale Snout pointed; sheath of claw formed dorsally mer idionalis by three scales
i
3-
3
i
Hocico romboidal; vaina de la uña formada dorbrachystoma salmente por una escama Hocico puntiagudo; vaina de la uña formada doi meridional is salmente por tres escamas
—
COLEODACTYLUS AMAZONICUS (Andersson) Type-locality: Lago 1918 Sphaerodactylus amazonicus Andersson. Ark. for Zool., 11 (16): 1. Poraquécuare, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. Taperinha, fig. Type-locality: Wettstein, Zool. Anz., 1. zernyi 76; 110, 1928 Coleodactylus Santarem, Para, Brazil. 19'^7 Coleodactylus amazonicug Vanzollni, Pap. Avul. Depto. Zool. S3o Paulo, I3: 6, fig. 2.
—
Distribution:
Amazon Basin
in
Brazil; French Guiana, Guyana; Territorio Amazonas, Venezuela.
COLEODACTYLUS BRACHYSTOMA (Amaral) Cana Brava, Type-locality: 193*) Homonota brachystoma Amaral. Mem. Inst. Butantan, 9: 254, fig. 8. Golas, Brazil. Rio Las Palmas, Type-locality: Campo, 1937» '^^'- *6. 1939 Sphaerodactylus pfrimeri Miranda-Ribeiro, Goiás, Brazil. Vanzplini, Pap. Avul. Depto. Zool. Sao Paulo, 13: 4, fig. 4. 19*57 Coleodactylus brachystoma
—
Distribution:
Estado de Goiás, Brazil.
COLEODACTYLUS GU IMARAES
Vanzollni
1957 Coleodactylus quimaríesi Vanzollni, Pap. Avul. Pftrto Velho, Territorio de RondSnia, Brazil.
Distribution:
Depto. Zool.
Sio Paulo, I3: 8.
Type-locality:
Known only from type locality.
COLEODACTYLUS MERIOIONALIS (Boulenger) Type-locality: 1888 Sphaerodactylus meridionalis Boulenger. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) 2: 40. Igaraju, Pernambuco, Brazil. 1926 Coleodactylus meridionalis Parker. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (9) I7: 3OO. SSo Paulo, 13: 2, fig. 1. 1957 Coleodactylus meridionalis Vanzollni, Pap. Avul. Depto. Zool.
—
—
Distribution:
Guyana, southern Venezuela, and northern Brazil.
97_
.
*
repulía: SAURIA: GEKKONIDAE
'At
*
COLEONYX
COLEONYX Gray
1845 Coleonyx Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (l) 16: 162. Type-species: Coleonyx eleqans Gray. 1863 Brachvdactvlus Peters (preoccupied by Brachydactylus Smith, I835), Monats. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, Type-species: I863: 41. Brachydactylus m tratus Peters. i
Southwestern North America and Central America.
Distribution;
Content:
Twelve species and subspecies, all but two of which are extral
Key to the species
1.
im
¡
tal.
Clave de especies
Claws on digits completely hidden by terminal sheath eleqans Claws on digits extended beyond terminal sheath, clearly visible mi tratus
1.
Uña de los dígitos completamente oculatas en
vainas terminales
eleqans
Uña de los dígitos extendidas desde la vaina y
claramente visibles
mi
tratus
COLEONYX ELEGANS Gray
1845 Coleonyx eleqans Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (l) I6: I63. Honduras.
Belize, British
Mexico to Honduras and Guatemala.
Distribution:
Content:
Type-locality:
Two subspecies, one
(
nemoralis Klauber) extral
imi tal.
Coleonyx eleqans eleqans Gray
I85I G fymnodactylusl scapularis A. Dumlril, in Duméril, Bibron, and Dumlril, Cat. Method. Coll. restricted by Smith Type-locality: Peten, Guatemala; Kept. Mus. hnst. Nat. Paris; 45and Taylor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 33, 1950, 3I8, to La Libertad, Guatemala. I856 Gymnodactylus coleonyx A. Dumlril (substitute name for Coleonyx eleqans Gray), Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat., Paris, 8: 483. 1945 Coleonyx eleqans eleqang Klauber, Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., 10: IJl-
—
Distribution: From southern Mexico (central Veracruz, Oaxaca, Tabasco, Yucatán, Chiapas, Quintana Roo), southward to Honduras and northern Guatemala.
COLEONYX MITRATUS (Peters]
I863 Brachydactylus
mi tratus Peters, Monats.
Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1863:
42.
Type-locality:
Rica.
Type-locality: 1885 Eublepharis dovii Boulenqer. Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 1; 233. 1928 Coleonyx m tratus Schm idt. Zool. Ser. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., 12: I94. igSo Coleonyx m tratus Baylor. Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 38: I6, fig. 1. i
i
Distribution:
— —
El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama.
Panama.
Costa
98
^^
REPTILIA: SAURIA: TEIIDAE
COLOBODACTYLUS
COLOBODACTYLUS Amaral 1533 Colobodactylus Amaral, Mem. Amaral
Distribution: Content:
Inst.
Butantan,
7
(l532):
7O.
Type-species:
Colobodactylus taunayi
As for single known species.
One species.
COLOBODACTYLUS TAUNAYI Amaral iqSS Colobodactylus taunayi Amaral, Mem. Inst. Butantan, Iguape, Estado de Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Distribution:
7
(1532):
7O,
figs. 41-45.
Type-locality:
Estado de Sao Paulo, Estado de Santa Catarina, and Queimada Grande Island, Brazil.
99_
-^ -^
repulía: SAURIA: TEIIDAE
COLOBOSAURA
COLOBOSAURA Boulenger 1862 Perodactvlus Reinhardt and Lütken (preoccupied by Perodactylus Fitzinger, 1843), Vidensk. Medd. Type-spee ies: Perodactylus medestus Reinhardt Naturhist. Foren. Kjobenhavn, 3 (l86l): 218. and Lütken. 1887 Colobosaura Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., J: 5O8. Type-species: Perodactylus modestus Reinhardt and Lütken.
Distribution: Content:
Brazil and Paraguay.
Three species.
Clave de especies
Key to the species 1.
Two pairs of enlarged postmental scales— Three pairs of enlarged postmental
mental
scales-
.,, •,! Interparietal
2.
2
uj
c
2 Dos pares de escudos posmentales agrandados Tres pares de escudos posmentales agrandados—
—
is
-illkraepelT--
as broad as parietals r
Interparietal narrower than parietals
1.
in
2.
1
modesta
mental
Is
Interparietal tan ancho como los parietales __ kraepel n Interparietal estrechado, mas angosto que modesta parietales'^
,
,
.
.
1
1
COLOBOSAURA KRAEPELINI (Werner) Perodactylus Kraepelini Werner, Mitt. Naturhist. Mus. Hamburg, 2] (2): 32. Puerto Max, Paraguay. Amaral, Mem. Inst. Butantan, ] (1932): 7I. 1933 Colobosaura kraepelini I'jlO
Type-locality:
—
Distribution:
COLOBOSAURA MENTAL
Known only from type locality.
IS
Amaral
1933 Colobosaura mentalis Amaral. Mem, Inst. Butantan, Villa Nova (= Senhor do Bonfim), Bahía, Brazil. Distribution;
]
(l932):
72,
figs.
46-50.
Type-locality:
Known only from type locality.
COLOBOSAURA MODESTA (Reinhardt and Lütken) 1862 Perodactvlus modestus Reinhardt and Lütken, Vidensk. Medd. Naturhist. Foren. Kjobenhavn, 3 (I86I): Type-locality: Morro da Careza, north of Cúrvelo, Minas Gerais, 218, pi. 15, figs. 7> 7a-e. Brazil. 1887 Colobosaura modesta Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 3: 5O8.
—
Distribution:
Minas Gerais and Bah'a, Brazil.
100
***
repulía: SAURIA: ANGUIDAE
COLOPTYCHON
COLOPTYCHON Tihen 1949 Coloptvchon Tihen, Amer. Midi. Nat.,
Distribution; Content:
41:
584.
Type-species:
Gerrhono-tus rhombifer Peters.
As for single known species.
One species.
COLOPTYCHON RHOMBIFER (Peters) 1877 Gerrhonotus rhombifer Peters, Monats. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 187?! 258. Panama. 1949 Coloptvchon r hombifer Tihen. Amer. Midi. Nat., 41; 585, figs. 2-3.
—
Distribution:
Known only from type locality.
Type-locality:
Chiriquij
101
*
REPTILIA: SAURIA: IGUANIDAE Prepared by Clarence
**
CORYTOPHANES
McCoy, Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
J.
CORYTOPHANES Boie Aqama crista ta Merrem. Type-species: 1827 Corytophanes Boie, in Schlegel, Isis von Oken, 20: 25O. I83O Corythophanes Wagler (emendation of Corytophanes Boie), Syst. Amph.: 151IB3I Chamaeleops s Wieqmann» in Gray, Synopsis Species Class Reptilia, in Griffith, Cuvier's Animal Chamaeleops Is Hernandesii Wiegmann. Type-species: Kingdom, 5' *5' i
Central Veracruz and San Luis Potosí, Mexico, to northwestern Colombia.
Distribution: Content;
Three species.
Clave de especies
Key to the species 1.
2 Occipital crest continuous with body crest Occipital crest not continuous with body crest, hernandes interrupted on neck i
2,
Cresta occipital continua con cresta del cuerpo 2
Cresta occipital descontinua con cresta del cuerpo, interrumpida en el cuello hernandes
i
Occipital crest not projecting beyond end of casque; upper head scales keeled or rugose percar na tus Occipital crest projecting beyond end of cr istatus casque; upper head scales smooth I
1.
—
2.
i
i
Cresta occipital sin prolongación nucal; escamas dorsales de la cabeza quilladas percar ina tus Cresta occipital prolongada en la nuca; escamas dorsales de la cabeza lisas cr istatus
CORYTOPHANES CRISTATUS (Merrem)
Lowlands and foothills from central Veracruz, Mexico, to Chocó and Magdalena Valle Distribution: of northwestern Colombia.
CORYTOPHANES HERNANDES
I837
I856
1560
is s I
I
(Wiegmann) i
i
i
Distribution: Guatemala.
—
i
i
i
i
I874
I
W Wiegmann, in Gray, Synopsis Species Class Reptilia, in Griffith, Hernandesi Hernand es Type-locality; Mexico; restricted to Jalapa, Veracruz, Cuvier's Animal Kingdom, 5' *5' Mexico, by Smith and Taylor, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., I55, I95O, 6?. Corythophanes chamaeleops s Duméril and Bibron (substitute name for Chamaeleops s Hernandes Wiegmann), Erp. Gen., 4: 175» Corythophanes Hernandez! ichtenste n. Nomenclátor Reptilium et Amphibiorum Musei Zoologici Berol nens s: 8. Wiegmann), Miss. Corythophanes mex icanus Bocourt (substitute name for Chamaeleops s Hernandes Sci. Mex., Rept.: 122, pi. I7, fig. 1. Corythophanes Hernandez Alvarez del Toro, Reptiles de Chiapas: 84, two figs.
I83I Chamaeleops
i
i
i
i
I
i
i
i
—
Atlantic foothills and lowlands from central Veracruz, Mexico, southward
through
CORYTOPHANES PERCARINATUS Duméril TypeI856 Corytophanes percarlnatus Duméril, Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, 8: 5I8, pi. 20, fig. '}-3^, locality: Ascuintla in Central America, 3O leagues from Guatemala; = Escuintla, Guatemala, according to Stuart, Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 122, I563, 67. Mertens, Abh. Senck. Naturforsch. Ges., 487; ^^i P^- 1^, fig. 711562 Corytophanes percarlnatus
—
Boulenger's Distribution: Foothills from the isthmus of Tehuantepec, Mexico, to El Salvador. record from "Ecuador (7)" (Catalogue of Lizards, 2, 1885, IO3) requires verification.
102
repulía: SAURIA: TEIIDAE
****
CROCODILURUS
CROCODILURUS Spix 182S Crocod ilurus Spix, Spec. Nov. Lacert. Bras.: I5.
Distribution: Content:
Type-species:
Crocodilurus amazonicus Spix.
Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana and Amazonian Basin of Brazil.
One species.
CROCODILURUS LACERT NUS (Oaudin) I
1802 Tupinambis lacertinus Daudin, Hist. Nat. Rept., 3- 85. Type-locality; Islands adjacent to tropical South America. 182^ Crocodilurus amazonicus Spix, Spec. Nov. Lacert. Bras.! 15> pi. 21. Type-locality: Rio SolimSes, near Sao Paulo de Olivenya, Brazil. 182*^ Crocodilurus ocellatus Spix, Spec. Nov. Lacert. Bras.: 20, pi. 22, fig. 1. Type-locality: Rio SolimOes, Brazil. I835 Crocodilurus Lacertinus- Dumeril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., 5' *6:.
—
Distribution;
Guianas; Amazonian Basin of Brazil.
103
repulía:
SAURIA:
IGUANIDAE
CTENOBLEPHARIS
ÍC Í^ Í^
CTENOBLEPHARIS Tschudi Type-spec Íes: Ctenoblepharvs adspersa 184S C-tenoblepharys Tschudi, Arch, für Naturg., 11: I58. Tschud . 1885 Ctenoblephar is Boulenger (valid emendation of Ctenoblepharys Tschudi), Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.,
—
i
2:
136.
1860 Helocephalus Philippi, Reise durch die Wljste Atacama: Ph il ipp
i
Distribution:
167-
Type-species:
Helocephalus
n
iqr iceps
.
Peru, Chile, Bolivia and Argentina.
Six species.
Content:
Key to the species
Clave de especies
1.
Dorsal scales larger than ventrals; more than 2 55 scales around middle of body Dorsal scales smaller than ventrals; fewer than 3 55 scales around middle of body
2.
Tympanic scale absent; dorsal scales smooth, not depressed; vertebral scales weakly keeled; lames scales on legs keeled Tympanic scale present; dorsal scales smooth, depressed centrally; vertebral scales not stolzmann keeled; scales on legs smooth
1.
Escamas dorsales mayores que los ventrales; más 2 de 55 escamas al medio del cuerpo Escamas dorsales menores que ventrales; menos de 55 escamas al medio del cuerpo 3
2.
Escama timpánica ausente; escamas dorsales lisas, no deprimidas; escamas vertebrales débilmente quilladas; escamas de miembros quilladas james Escama timpánica presente; escamas dorsales lisas, deprimidas centralmente, escamas vertebrales no quilladas; escamas de miembros lisas stolzmann
i
i
i
i
3.
4.
Head scales differentiated Head scales undifferentiated; only parietal is recognizable
4
J,
inter-
4 Escamas cefálicas diferenciadas Escamas cefálicas nd if erenc iadas; sólo se reconoce la interparietal adspersus i
adspersus 4.
Sin cabeza negra; menos de "^0 escamas al medio del cuerpo 5 Cabeza negra; más de 5" escamas al medio del n iqr iceps cuerpo
5.
Escamas de extremidades lisas; sin parche de escamas agrandadas en el borde posterior del schm dt muslo Escamas de extremidades quilladas; con parche de escamas agrandadas en el borde posterior del anomalus muslo
Head not black; fewer than JO scales around middle of body 5 Head black; more than 5O scales around middle of body n qr iceps i
5.
Scales on legs smooth; no patch of enlarged scales on posterior part of thigh schm dt Scales on legs keeled; with patch of enlarged scales on posterior part of thigh anomalus i
i
i
CTENOBLEPHARIS ADSPERSUS Tschudi 1845 Ctenoblepharys adspersa Tschudi, Arch, für Naturg., 11: I58. Type-locality: near Huacho, Peru. 1885 Ctenoblepharis adspersus Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: I36.
Hacienda Acaray,
—
Distribution:
Coastal desert of Peru from Huacho south.
CTENOBLEPHARIS ANOMALUS (Koslowsky) I856
L
,
iolaemus anomalus Koslowsky, Argent na.
new combination Rev.
Mus.
La Plata,
11.
Type-locality:
Rioja,
]:
452, pi.
in
this genus has not yet been published, but
i
Distribution: Comment: is
in
a
Provincia de la Rioja, Argentina.
The justification for putting this species manuscript prepared by one of us (Oonoso).
CTENOBLEPHARIS JAMESI Boulenger Type-locality: I85I Ctenoblepharis jamesi Boulenger, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, I83I: 3> plTarapaca, Chile, 33OO-4OOO m. Donoso-Barros, Invest. Zool. Chilenas, 4: 254, fig. la-c. iqS8 Ctenoblepharis jamesi Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: 337> c°l' Pl- ^^• 1566 Ctenoblepharis jamesi
— —
Distribution:
Andes of Tarapaca above 3OOO m, Chile.
Andes of
i
104
CTENOBLEPHARIS
CTENOBLEPHARIS NIGRICEPS (Philippi) I860 Helocephalus n iqr iceps Philippi, Reise durch die Wüste Atacama: I67, pl-, figPajonal, Atacama, Chile. 1366 Ctenoblephar is niqriceps Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: 335> pl- 25-
?•
Type-locality:
—
Distribution:
High cordillera of Atacama, Chile.
CTENOBLEPHARIS SCHMIDTI Marx 1960 Ctenoblephar is schmidti Marx, Fieldiana: Pedro de Atacama, Antofagasta, Chile.
Distribution:
Zool., 35:
iO]
.
Type-locality:
Forty
mi
east of San
Andes of Antofagasta, between Chile and Bolivia.
CTENOBLEPHARIS STOLZMANNI Steindachner 1891 Otenoblepharis Stolzmanni Ste indachner. Sitz. Math. -Naturw iss. Kl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, 50, abt. 1: Type-locality: Highlands of Peru. 255. 1966 Otenoblepharis stolzmani Donoso-Barros (emendation of stolzmann ) , Reptiles de Chile: 3*1» col.
—
pi.
25.
Distribution:
Andes of Peru and Chile; possibly Bolivia.
i
105
***
REPULÍA: SAURIA: IGUANIDAE
CTENOSAURA
CTENOSAURA Wiegmann 1828 Ctenosaura Wiegmann.
Isis von Oken,
21:
37I.
Type-species:
Distribution: Baja California, Mexico, through Central America, Andres and Old Providence Island. Content:
including many coastal islands; San
species, only two of which occur within limits of this work.
Five
Key to the species 1.
Ctenosaura cycluroides Wiegmann.
Clave de especies
Median row of dorsal scales distinctly enlarged into spiny crest, which occurs from nape to end of tail without interruption at sacrum
1,
s im il is
Median row of dorsal scales low and interrupted at the sacrum bakeri
Hilera medio dorsal de escamas agrandadas y extendidas desde la nuca al término de la cola, sin interrupción en el sacro s imilis Hilera medio dorsal de escamas bajas y no extendidas continuamente desde la nuca al término de la cola, interrupción sacral presente bakeri
CTENOSAURA BAKERI Stejneger 1901 Ctenosaura bakeri Stejneqer, Proc.
U.S.
Nat.
Mus.,
23:
46/.
Type-locality:
Utilla
Island,
Honduras.
Distribution:
Utilla, Bonacca and Reatan
Islands, Honduras.
CTENOSAURA SIMILIS (Gray) ( Ctenosaura ) S imil is Gray, Synopsis Species Class Reptilia, In Griffith, Ouvier's Animal Kingdom, '): 38. Type-locality: none given; restricted to Tela, Honduras, by Bailey, Proc. U. R. Nat. Mus., 73 (12), 1925, 32. Ba iley,, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 73 (l2): 32. 1925 Ctenosaura s im 1 is
Iguana
I83I
—
i
Distribution: Lowlands of southern Mexico to sandy beaches of Panama; Old Providence and San Andres slands. I
Content: Two subspecies, one of which
Ctenosaura
s im
i
1 is
s im
i
1 is
(
mult ipunctata Barbour and Shreve)
is
extral
im
i
tal.
(Gray)
I874 Ctenosaura completa Bocourt, Miss. Sci. Mex., Reptl.: 145» Type-locality: Guatemala and La Union, Salvador; restricted by Smith and Taylor, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., I99, I95O, 73. Barbour and Shreve, Occ. Pap. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 8: I97, 1934 Ctenosaura similis similis
—
Distribution: Panama.
369-215
O— 70
Low and moderate elevations from Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Mexico, south to
106
'^
repulía: SAURIA: IGUANIDAE
^
CUPRIGUANUS
CUPRIGUANUS Gallardo 1564 Cupri guanus Gallardo, Neotropica, 10:
Distribution:
Type-spec ¡es:
I27.
Cupr auanus achalens i
Clave de especiesl
Six scales in contact with rostral; between nasal and rostral
two scales
1. 2
Three to five scales in contact with rostral; three scales between nasal and rostral
3.
Gallardo.
Central and north central Argentina.
Key to the speciesl
2.
s
Four species.
Content:
1.
i
3
Tail less than 3/^ length of body- casuhatiensis Tail more than 3/* length of body, often scapula tus equally as long
2.
Scales of loreal region granular; venter light; dorsal bars distinct; fourth toe on forefoot araucanus equal in length to third Scales of loreal region enlarged; venter green; dorsal bars indistinct; fourth toe longer than third achalens s
3-
Seis escamas en contacto con la rostral; dos escamas entre la narina y la rostral Tres a cinco escamas en contacto con la rostral; tres escamas entre la narina y la rostral
3
Cola menos que 3/* longitud del cuerpo casuhat ens s Cola más que 3/'' longitud del cuerpo; a veces cola y cuerpo de igual longitud scapulatus i
i
2
i
Escamas de la región loreal granulares; ventralmente claro; barras dorsales generalmente bien visibles; el cuarto dedo de la mano araucanus y el tercero son de igual longitud Escamas de la región loreal mayores (medianas); barras dorsales oscuras ventralmente verde; borrosas; el cuarto dedo de la mano algo más largo que el tercero achalens s i
CUPRIGUANUS ACHALENSIS Gallardo 1564 Cupr iquanus achalens s Gallardo, Neotropica, 10: de Achala, Provincia de Córdoba, Argentina. i
Distribution:
132,
fig.
Posta de la Pampa
Type-locality:
4.
Provincia de Córdoba, Argentina.
CUPRIGUANUS ARAUCANUS Gallardo 1564 Cupr quanus araucanus Gallardo, Neotropica, 10: Neuquén, Argentina. i
Distribution:
I25, figs.
Type-locality:
Laguna Blanca,
Provincia Neuquén, Argentina.
CUPRIGUANUS CASUHAT lENS
Gallardo
IS
Gallardo, Neotropica, 14: 1568 Cupriquanus casuhat ens Ventana, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. i
Distribution:
2-3.
i
2,
fig.
Type-locality:
Sierra de la
Known from type locality and Cerro Tres Picos, Argentina.
CUPRIGUANUS SCAPULATUS (Burmeister) I86I L.[ e iosaurus j scapulatus Burmeister, Reise Durch Die La Plata Staaten, 2: 523Type-locality: Near Uspallata, Sierra de Uspallata, Mendoza, Argentina. 5OOO ft. I86I L.[^ e iosaurus j mult punctatus Burmeister, Reise Durch Die La Plata Staaten, 2: 5^4. Typelocality: Near Paramillo, Sierra de Uspallata, Mendoza, Argentina, more than 8000 ft. 196* Cupriouanus scapulatus Gallardo, Neotropica, 10: 128. i
—
Distribution:
Sierra de Uspallata, Provincia Mendoza, Argentina.
'This key, which was drawn up from the original descriptions, does not work well even with types. Jose Gallardo is preparing a more adequate key.
^Esta clave, que fue hecha en base a descripciones originales, no da buenos resultados ni con tipos. Jose Gallardo esta preparando una clave mas adequada.
107_
"k "^
REPULÍA: SAURIA: TEIIDAE
DICRODON
Í>C
DICRODON Ouméril and Bibron 1839 Dicrodon Ouméril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., Bi bron.
Distribution: Content:
Type-species:
137'
5=
Dicrodon qu-ttulatum Dumerll and
Coastal areas of Peru and Ecuador.
Three species, according to most recent review by Schmidt, Fieldiana: Zool., 39> 1957'
Key to the species 1.
2.
Clave de especies
Posterior dorsal scales granular, small and juxtaposed Posterior dorsal scales enlarged, keeled and imbricate heterolep
1. 2
I
s
Supraoculars completely surrounded by granular scales holmberq Supraoculars not completely surrounded by gut tulatum granular scales
2.
i
Escamas dorsales posteriores granulares, pequeñas yuxtapuestas Escamas dorsales posteriores agrandadas, guilladas e imbricadas heterolep
2
is
Escudos supraoculares circundados completamente por escuditos granulares holmberq Escudos supraoculares no circundados completamente por escuditos granulares quttulatum i
DICRODON GUTTULATUM Dumeril and Bibron Type-locality: Peru. 1839 D crodon quttulatum Dumeril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., 5'- 138San Francisco de I892 Cnem dophorus lent q inosus Garman, Bull. Essex Inst., 24: ')2, Type-locality: Posorja, Ecuador. Type-locality: Near I899 Ameiva leucostiqma Boulenger, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1899: 517> pl- 28. Guayaquil, Ecuador. Type-locality: Valley of Rfo 1924 Dicrodon barbouri Noble, Occ. Pap. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 5: 108. Chira, Piura, Peru. I
i
i
Distribution:
Dry coastal areas of Ecuador and northern Peru.
DICRODON HETEROLEPIS (Tschudi)
Type-locality: Warm I845 Cnemi dophorus ( Aspidoscelis heterolepis Tschudi, Arch.fijr Naturg., 11: I6O. forests on eastern slopes of Andes in Peru. Type-locality: I876 Dicrodon calliscelis Cope. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., (2) 8 (I875): I63. Pacasmayo, Pacific coast of Peru. I89I Cnemi dophorus centropyx Ste indachner, Ann. K.K. Naturhist. Hofmus. Wien, 6: 37*> pl- 12, figs. Type-locality: Eastern slope of Andes, Peru. I-3. Type-locality: I89I Cnem dophorus peruanus Ste ndachner, Ann. K.K. Naturhist. Hofmus. Wien, 6: 375Peru. Type-locality: I89I Cnemidophorus tumbezanus Ste ndachner, Ann. K.K. Naturhist. Hofmus. Wien, 6: 375Tumbez, Peru. Burt and Burt, Trans, Acad. Sci, St, Louis, 28: 60, IS^? Dicrodon heterolepis )
i
i
i
—
Distribution:
Coastal areas of southern Peru, according to Schmidt, Fieldiana: Zool., 39> 1957» ^6,
DICRODON H0LM8ERGI Schmidt iq'i?
Dicrodon holmberq L
i
Schmidt, Fieldiana:
Zool,, 39: 66, figs.
ibertad, Peru,
Distribution: Chao Valley and adjacent areas, Peru.
10-11,
Type-locality: Chao Valley,
108
^^
repulía: SAURIA: ANGUIDAE
DIPLOGLOSSUS
DIPLOGLOSSUS Wiegmann T ype-spec Íes: I834 Di ploglossus Wiegmann, Herpetologia Mexicana: 36T 1 iqua Type-species: 1845 Camil ia Gray, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: 118. i
T
i
1
i
qua fase iatus Gray.
jama icens is Gray.
Costa Rica and Panama; Pacific slopes of Colombia and Ecuador; northeastern Brazil; Distribution: Amazon ian Sol v ia. i
Content:
Six species.
Clave de especies
Key to the species 1.
2.
3.
Frontal in contact anteriorly with one scale Frontal in contact anteriorly with two or more scales Dorsal scales smooth Dorsal scales keeled
—2
Frontal contacta anteriormente con un sólo escudo Frontal contacto anteriormente con dos o mas escudos
1.
4
4
3
monotrop
i
s
Escamas dorsales lisas Escamas dorsales quilladas
2.
3
monotrop
i
Fewer than 5O scales around middle of body; fase iatus dorsum with wide transverse bands More than 5O scales around middle of body; m llepunetatus dorsum with many light spots
3-
Menos de 5O escamas al medio del cuerpo; disefio dorsal formado por fajas transversales anchas fase iatus Más de 5" escamas al medio del cuerpo; disefio dorsal mult imaculado de elaro-- m llepunetatus
prefrontal separated from loreals; 37-42 scales around middle of body b loba tus One loreal larger than other; prefrontal in contact with first loreal; 33"37 scales around lessonae middle of body
4.
Dos loreales subiguales; prefrontal separado del loreales; 37"*2 escamas al medio del cuerpo b loba tus Dos loreales desiguales; prefrontal contacta con primer loreal; 33"37 escamas al medio del cuerpo lessonae
i
4.
2
Two subequal loreals;
i
s
i
DIPLOGLOSSUS BILOBATUS (O 'Shaughnessy) 'Shaughnessy, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (4) 14: 257. Type-locality: Costa Rica. 1847 C elestus bilobatus 188S Diploqlossus bilobatua Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 286. iqSS Diploqlossus bilobatu? Taylor, Univ. Kansas Sc . Bull., 38: 200, fig. 53.
— —
Distribution:
i
Caribbean and Pacific slopes of Costa Rica.
DIPLOGLOSSUS FASCIATUS (Gray) I83I T 1 iqua Fase iatus Gray, Synopsis Species Class Reptilia, in Griffith, Cuvier's Animal Kingdom, Type-locality: none given. 9: 71D iploqlossus j fase iatus Wiegmann, Herpetologia Mexicana: J6. I834 Cocteau, in Dumeril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., 5' 597I839 Diploqlossus Houttuyn Type-locality: Brazil. 1909 Diploqlossus resplendens Barbour, Proc. New England Zool. Club, 4: 'jO, pi. 4, 2 figs. Type-locality: Junction of R'o Kaka and Rio Ben , eastern Bolivia. i
—
[_
i
i
i
Distribution: Discontinuous; southeastern coastal Brazil; also Territorio do Acre, Brazil and northeastern Bolivia. Comment: The synonymy of resplendens Barbour with fase iatus Gray is made on the authority of Paulo Vanzolini, who has good material of the species available, and who has also examined the holotype of resplendens .
DIPLOGLOSSUS LESSONAE Peracca I89O D ploglossus Brazil. 1924 Diploqlossus Natal, Rio 1958 Diploqlossus i
Distribution:
Lessonae Peracca, Bol. Mus. Zool. Anat. Comp. Torino,
5
(77)'
!•
Type-locality:
tenu ifasc iatus Parker. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (9) 13: 585, fig. Type-locality: Grande do Norte, Brazil. lessonae Vanzolini. Pap. Avul. Dept. Zool. Sao Paulo, I3: I79.
Rio Grande do Norte to Pernambueo
in
northeastern Brazil.
109
DIPLOGLOSSUS
DIPLOGLOSSUS M ILLEPUNCTATUS
'Shaughnessy
I874 Diploglossus millepunctatus O'Shaughnessyj Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (4) I3; 3OI. Type-locality: Northwest coast of America. 1528 Celestus hancocki Slevin, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sc , I6: 682. Type-locality: Malpelo Island, i
Colomb
.
ia.
Distribution:
Endemic to Malpelo
Island,
Pacific coast of Colombia.
DIPLOGLOSSUS MONOTROPIS (Kuhl) 1820 Scincti? monotropis Kuhl, Beltrage zur Zoologie und vergle ichende Anatomie: 128. Type-locality: unknown, according to Kuhl. I834 [ Piploglossus J Monotrop ia Wiegmann, Herpetologia Mexicana: 36. 1833 Til.iqua Jamaicgnsis Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (l) 2: 293. Type-locality: Jamaica (in error).
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;
Distribution;
Costa Rica and Panama; Colombia and Ecuador.
no
^^^^
REPTIL lA: SAURlA:
IGUANIDAE
it:
DIPLOLAEMUS
if
DIPLOLAEMUS Bell 1843 Diplolaemus Bell, Zool. Voyage Beagle, Rept.: I5, pi. 10. Bell.
Distribution: Content;
Type-species:
Diplolaetnus darwinii
Patagonia, 38° S. to straits of Magellan, Argentina.
Three species.
Key to the species
Clave de especies
1.
Pattern formed by brown crossbands containing dark brown spots 2 Pattern formed by isolated brown spots leopardinas
1.
Diseño dorsal con bandas pardas transversales 2 con manchitas negras Oiseflo dorsal con manchas pardas aisladas leopard inus
2.
Head scales convex; dorsal bands butterflyshaped, interrupted across vertebral line darwin Head scales flat; dorsal bands not butterflyshaped, frequently continuous across vertebral line bibroni
2.
Escamas cefálicas convexas; bandas dorsales en ala de mariposa, interrumpidas en la iTnea medio vertebral darwini Escamas cefálicas planas; bandas dorsales sin forma de mariposa, frecuentemente contTnuas en bibron la Ifnea med iovertebral
i
i
i
DIPLOLAEMUS BIBRONI
I
i
i
Bell
1843 Diplolaemus Bibroni Bell, Zool. Voyage Beagle, Rept.: 21, pi. 11. Deseado, Argentina. i
Distribution:
DIPLOLAEMUS DARWINI
Type-locality:
Puerto
Patagonia, from Santa Cruz to Aysén and Magallanes, Argentina.
I
Bell
1843 Diplolaemus Darwinii Bell, Zool. Voyage Beagle, Rept.: Deseado, Argentina.
Distribution;
i
Patagón
¡a,
20,
pi.
10.
Type-locality;
Puerto
from Puerto Deseado to straits of Magellan, Argentina.
DIPLOLAEMUS LEOPARD NUS (Werner) I
I858 Liosaurus leopardinus Werner. Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Syst. Oekol. Geogr. Tiere, 1 (suppl. 4); 249, pi. Type-locality; Santiago, Chile (in error, according to Oonoso-Barros, below). 13, figs. 1-lb. I96S Diplolaemus leopardinus' Oonoso-Barros, An. Segundo Cong. Latino-Amer. Zool., SSo Paulo, 2; 223, fig. 3.
—
Distribution:
Patagonia, in region of Lonquimay valley in Chile and Neuquen, Argentina.
m
* * "^ *
repulía: SAURIA: TEIIDAE
DRACAENA
DRACAENA Daudin 1802 Dracaena Daudin, Hist. Nat. Rept., 2: 421. Type-species: Dracaena qu lanensis Daudin. Type-species: 1825 Ada Gray, Ann. Philos., 10 (7): 20. Teius crocodilinus Merrem. 18^0 Thorictis Wagler, Nat. Syst. Amph.: 153' Type-species: Dracaena quianensis Daudin.
Distribution:
Amazonian drainage; Mato Grosso and Paraguay.
Two species, according to most recent revision by Vanzolini and Valencia, Arq. Zool. Dept. Content: Zool. Sao Paulo, I3, 1565 (1566), 7-35.
Key to the species 1.
Clave de especies
Single unpaired scale lying posterior to midparaquayens is dorsal suture between nasals Pair of scales on dorsum of snout immediately behind middorsal suture between nasals qu ianensis
1.
Una escama posterior
a
sutura entre nasales paraquayens
is
Un par de escamas posterior a sutura entre qu ianensis nasales
DRACAENA GUIANENSIS Daudin
—
1788 Lacerta Dracoena Lacepede (not of Linnaeus, 175^) Hist. Nat. Quad. Ovip., 1: 622. 1802 Dracaena quianensis Daudin, Hist. Nat. Rept., 2; 421, pi. 28. Type-locality: Cayenne (using same specimen seen by Lacepede, I788). 1820 Teius crocodilinus Merrem. Tent. Syst. Amph.: 62. Type-locality: "America meridional!". 1966 Dracaena quianensis' Vanzolini and Valencia, Arq. Zool. Depto. Zool. SSo Paulo, 13 M Qgc\ figs.
—
Distribution:
Northeastern South America
DRACAENA PARAQUAYENS
I
in
.
j^c
Amazonian Basin.
Amaral
Type-locality: SSo Lourengo, Mato Grosso, Brazil. 1550 Dracaena paraquayensis Amaral, Copeia: 2831966 Dracaena paraquayens i& Vanzolini and Valencia, Arq. Zool. Depto. Zool. SSo Paulo, 13 (19^5)' H>
—
figs.
Distribution:
Mato Grosso, Brazil and Paraguay.
112
^^
REPTILIA: SAURIA: TEIIDAE
ECHINOSAURA
'k 'A
ECHINOSAURA I85O Ech inosaura Boulenger, Proc. Zool. Soc. Boulenger.
Distribution: Content:
London, I85O:
82.
Type-species:
Ech inosaura horr ida
As for only known species.
One species, according to most recent review by Uzzell, Copeia,
1965'
ECHINOSAURA HÓRRIDA Boulenger I85O Echinosaura hórrida Boulenger, Proc. locality: Ecuador.
Distribution: Content:
Soc. London,
Zool.
I85O:
10,
fig.
1-lc.
Type-
Pacific Ecuador to Panama.
Clave de subespecies
Frontonasal single; frontal undivided, short, scarcely longer than wide; dorsum with two juxtaposed longitudinal rows of tubercles horr ida Frontonasal divided; frontal undivided and much longer than wide, or transversely divided, two parts together much longer than wide; dorsum with longitudinal, usually sinuous or angled, occasionally straight, rows of tubercles, these sepai ated by five to ten small scales 2
1.
Frontal transversely divided, length of two parts much greater than greatest width; infralabials more than 4-5 panamens s Frontal undivided, long; infralabials fewer than 4-5 palmer i
i
Frontonasal ijn ico; frontal no dividido, corto, ligeramente más largo que ancho; dorso con dos hileras longitudinales de tubérculos yuxtapuestos horr da Frontonasal dividido; frontal dividido o no, y mucho más largo que ancho, cuando esta dividido las dos partes juntas son más largas que anchas; dorso con hileras de pequeñas tubérculos separados entre si por cinco a diez escamitas 2 i
'
2. 2.
pi.
Three subspecies, according to Uzzell, 1565-
Key to the subspecies 1.
83,
Frontal transversalmente dividido, la longitud de los dos partes mucho mayor que el ancho más grande; inf ralab iales más de 4-5 panamens s Frontal no dividido, largo; inf ralab iales menos de 4-5 palmer i
i
Ech inosaura horr ida horr ida Boulenger
1565 Ech inosaura horr ida hórrida
Distribution:
Copeia, 1565'
^3-
Northwestern lowlands of Ecuador; Gorgona Island, Colombia.
Ech nosaura horr da palmer i
—Uzzell,
i
i
Boulenger
1911 Ech inosaura palmer Boulenger, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 8 (7): 23. Noananoa, Type-locality: R'o San Juan, Chocó, Colombia. 19"" Echinosaura centralis Dunn, Caldasia, 2: 397. Type-locality: Muzo (Humbo), Colombia. Uzzell, Copeia, 1965= ^51965 Ech inosaura hórrida palmer i
i
Distribution:
—
Darien, Panama, to Colombia.
Ech inosaura horr da panamens i
i
s
Barbour
1924 Ech inosaura panamens is Barbour, Proc. New England Zool. Club, 9= Loma, Bocas del Toro Province, Panama. 1965 Ech Inosaura horr ida panamens s Uzzell, Copeia, 1965= 85. i
Distribution:
—
Chiriqui, Bocas del Toro and Code, Panama.
8.
Type-locality:
La
113
REPTILIA:
**
TEIIDAE
SAURIA:
ECPLEOPUS
ECPLEOPUS Duméril and Bibron Type-species: Ecpleopus Gaudichaudii Duméril I835 Ecpleopus Duméril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., 5' 43*and Bibron. Type-species; Ecpleopus ( Asp idolaemus ) 1862 Aspidolaemus Peters, Abh. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1862: 155' aff in is Peters. Distribution: Content:
Brazil and Ecuador.
Two species.
Clave de especies
Key to the species 1.
Loreal absent, anterior supraciliary reaches frontonasal; number of scales from occiput to gaud ichaud sacrum 33 Loreal present, anterior supraciliary does not reach frontonasal; number of scales from occiaff n is put to sacrum 46-48 i
1.
i
i
Loreal ausente; supraciliar anterior alcanza el frontonasal; número de escamas entre gaudichaud occipucio y sacro 33 Loreal presente; supraciliar anterior no alcanza el frontonasal; número de escamas aff n entre occipucio y sacro 46-48 i
i
i
is
ECPLEOPUS AFFINIS Peters aff inis Peters, Abh. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1862: I99, pl. 3, fig. 1, la-f. ( Aspidolaemus ) Unknown. Type-locality: 188^ Ecpleopus affinis- Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 402. 1862 Ecpleopus
—
Distribution:
— Andean
Higher Pacific slopes and intei
ECPLEOPUS GAUDICHAUD!
I
valleys, from Ambato south,
Ecuador.
Duméril and Bibron
1839 Ecpleopus Gaudichaudii Duméril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., 5= 188S Ecpleopus gaudi chaud —Boulenger. Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., i
Distribution:
In
Brazil.
i
Type-locality: *36. 401.
2:
Brazil.
114
***
REPULÍA: SAURIA: IGUANIDAE
ENYALIOIDES
ENYALIOIDES Boulenger 188'5
Enyalioides Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Socourt.
Distribution:
IVIus.,
2:
112.
Type-species:
Southern Central America; nortliwestern South America.
Seven species.
Content:
Clave de especies
Key to the species
1.
2.
3.
Enyalius heterolepis
Spines of nuchal crest not isolated from spines 2 on dorsal crest Spines of nuchal crest prominent and completely on crest isolated from spines dorsal palpebral is
1. Espinas de la cresta nucal no espinas de la cresta dorsal
One or two femoral pores on each side Three or four femoral pores on each side-
2.
Ventrals keeled Ventrals smooth or
4
indistinctly keeled praestab
i
aisladas de 2
Espinas de la cresta nucal prominentes y completamente aisladas de espinas de la cresta dorsal palpebral
3.
1 is
Uno o dos poros femorales a cada lado Tres o cuatro poros femorales a cada lado
Ventrales guilladas Ventrales lisas o indistintamente guilladas praestab
i
s
3
5 4
i
1 is
4.
Dorsal granules very fine, more than sixteen between lateral dent iculat ion and dorsal crest m icrolep is Dorsal granules larger, fewer than sixteen between lateral dent iculat ion and dorsal crest oshauqhnessy
4.
Granulos dorsales muy finos, más de dieciseis entre dent iculac ion lateral y cresta dorsal m icrolep is Granulos dorsales grandes, menos de dieciseis entre dent iculac ion lateral y cresta dorsal oshauqhnessy
5.
Dorsal scales heterogeneous Dorsal scales homogeneous
5.
6 Escamas dorsales de tamaleo heterogéneo Escamas dorsales homogéneas lat iceps
6.
Larger scales forming two irregular longitudinal series on each side of back and irregular vertical series on flanks heterolep s A single series of enlarged scales on each side of dorsum m icrolep is
6.
Escamas ensanchadas formando dos series longitudinales irregulares a cada lado del dorso y series verticales irregulares en los flancos heterolep is Una sola serie de escamas ensanchadas a cada lado del dorso m icrolep is
i
in
size
6
i
lat iceps
i
—
ENYALIOIDES HETEROLEPIS (Bocourt) Veragua, Type-locality: I874 Enyalus heterolepis Bocourt, Ann. Sci. Nat. Paris, (5) 19 (*)' ^Panama. I885 Enyal o ides heterolep is Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 114. Type-local ty: Isla de Gorgona, 1905 Enyalioides insulae Barbour, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 46: 100. Colomb a. Type-locality: "Ecuador". 1911 Enyalioides Mocquardi Despax, Bull. Mus. Nat. Hist. Paris, 1/: 10.
—
i
i
i
Distribution;
Northwestern Ecuador to Panama,
ENYALIOIDES LAT ICEPS (Guichenot) 1855 Enyalus laticeps Guichenot, in Castelnau, Exp. Amér, Sud, Reptiles: Fonteboa, Upper Amazon, Brazil. Type-locality: 188'5 Enyalioides la t iceps Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: II3.
—
Distribution: Content:
Upper Amazonian Brazil, Colombia, and Ecuador.
Two subspecies.
20,
pi.
5,
figs. A and
115
ENYALIOIDES Key to the subspecies 1.
Clave de subespecies
Ventral scales smooth or indistinctly keeled lat iceps Ventral scales usually strongly keeled
—
•
f es
Enyal
io
i
tae
1.
Escamas ventrales lisas qu
i
o
indistintamente
lia das
lat Íceos
Escamas ventrales usualmente fuertemente qu liadas f estae i
des lat iceps lat iceps (Cuichenot)
IS')') Enyalus planiceps Guichenot, in Castelnau, Exp. Amér. Sud, Reptiles: 21, pl. 6, figs. A-B. Type-locality: Fonteboa, Upper Amazon, Brazil. 1876 Enyal ius coerulescens Cope, Jour. Acad. Nat. Se , Phila., (2) 8 (I875): I65. Typelocality: None given; Gansaand Vanzolini, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 33, 1953, I25, pointed out that the type came from the Amazon from Santarem to Peru. I885 Enyal io ides caerulescens Boulenger (invalid emendation of coerulescens Cope), Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 112. 1930 Enyalioides lat iceps lat iceps Burt and Burt, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 78 (6): 9. i
—
Distribution: Upper Amazonian Brazil and Amazonian Ecuador.
Enyal
io
ides lat iceps
f
estae Peracca
1897 Enyalioides Festae Peracca, Bol. Mus. Zool. Comp. Anat. Univ. Torino, 12 (3OO): 3. Type-locality: Valley of Rfo Santiago, Ecuador. Burt and Burt, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 6I: 266. 1931 Enyalioides laticeps festae
—
Distribution: Amazonian Colombia and Ecuador.
ENYALIOIDES MICROLEPIS (O'Shaughnessy) 1881 Enyalius microlepis O'Shaughnessy, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1881: 238, pl. 24, fig. locality: Sarayacu, Ecuador. Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: II5. ides m icrolep is I885 Enyal
Distribution:
Pacific lowlands of Ecuador.
ENYALIOIDES OSHAUGHNESSY
I
(Boulenger)
Boulenger, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1881: 246, pl. 1881 Enyalius oshaughnessy locality: Ecuador. Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: II5. 1885 Enyalioides oshaughnessy i
i
Distribution:
26,
figs.
1-la.
Type-
—
Amazonian Ecuador and Colombia.
ENYALIOIDES PALPEBRAL
IS
(Boulenger)
I883 Enyalius palpebralis Boulenger, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, I883: 46, pl. 10. Cashiboya, eastern Peru. 1885 Enyal ¡0 ides palpebral s Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: II6. i
Distribution:
Type-
2.
—
i
Type-locality:
—
Eastern Peru} Territorio do Acre, Brazil.
ENYALIOIDES PRAESTABILIS (O'Shaughnessy) 1881 Enyalius praestabilis O'Shaughnessy, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1881: Pallatanga and Canelos, Ecuador. locality: 188S Enyalioides praestabilis Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: II3.
—
Distribution:
Amazonian Ecuador.
240, pl.
25,
fig.
1.
Type-
116
* * T^
REPTILIA: SAURIA: IGUANIDAE
ENYALIOSAURUS
ENYALIOSAURUS Gray Type-species: Cyclura qu inquecar nata Gray. 1845 Enyal iosaurus Gray, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.; I52. Cachryx defensor Cope. Type-species: 1866 Cachryx Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1866: 124. i
Distribution: Content: extral
Mexico and Guatemala. two
Four species, of which i
m
i
(
defensor Cope
c 1 a rk
i
Bailey) are
Clave de especies
Key to the species 1.
and
tal.
Dewlap present; keeled scales on dorsal surface of upper arm; central row of caudal spines palear s smaller than lateral spines Dewlap absent; smooth scales on dorsal surface of upper arm; central row of caudal spines equal in size to lateral spines qu inquecar na tus i
1.
Con papada; escamas quilladas en la superficie dorsal del brazo; espinas caudales de hilera central menores que espinas latera Íes- pal ear is Sin papada; escamas lisas en la superficie dorsal de brazo; espinas caudales de hilera central de igual tamaño que espinas laterales-
quinquecarinatus
i
ENYALIOSAURUS PALEARIS (Stejneger) Type-locality: ISqq Ctenosaura palearis Stejneqer, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 21: 381. Smith and Taylor, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., 155: 76. [En yaliosaurus J palearis
—
iq'iO
Distribution:
Gualan, Guatemala.
Low elevations of valley of Río Motagua, Guatemala; Aguan Valley of Honduras.
ENYALIOSAURUS QUINQUECARINATUS (Gray) Type-locality: 1842 Cyclura qu inquecar nata Gray, Zoological Miscellany: 59to Tehuantepec, Oaxaca, by Bailey, Proc. U.S Nat. Mus., 73, 1528, 43. Brit. nata Gray, Cat. Liz. Mus.: I52. Enyal osaurus nquecar 1845 qu i
i
Distribution:
i
i
None given; restricted
—
Lowlands of southern Oaxaca; Matagalpa region of Nicaragua; Honduras.
U7
****
repulía: SAURIA: IGUANIDAE
ENYALIUS
Prepared by Richard Etheridge, San Diego State College, San Diego, California ENYALIUS Wagler Type-species: Aqama catenata Wied. 18^0 Enyalius Waaler. Nat. Syst. Amphib.: I5O. 18^7 Enyalus Dumlril and Bibron (in error for Enyalius Waaler). Erp. Gen., Í: 231. Type-species: Enyal ius b 1 neatus Duméril and I843 Dryoph lus Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: I6. Bibron. i
i
Forested areas
Distribution:
in
eastern Soutli America.
Seven species.
Content;
Key to the species 1.
2.
Clave de especies
All subdigital lamellae distinctly keeled; distal four or five lamellae without median groove, or groove obscured by keels All subdigital lamellae smooth, or some with one or two indistinct keels; distal four or five lamellae of each digit with median, long tud nal groove i
Dorsal head scales, including those on snout, distinctly keeled; condition of vertebral crest unknown leech Scales on snout smooth, other dorsal head scales smooth or keeled; vertebral crest present bras 1 ens i
Todas las lámelas subdigitales distintamente guilladas; las cuatro o cinco lámelas distales sin surco medio o con surco disimulado por las
1. 2
qu
i
i
s
Tail less than 2.5 times snout-vent length; no elongate subocular; no longitudinal stripes on belly 4 Tail more than 2.5 times snout-vent length; usually elongate subocular; belly with three longitudinal dark stripes b II neatus
5.
Ventral scales smooth Ventral scales keeled
5
i
4.
Escamas ventrales lisas Escamas ventrales guilladas
5.
Tail not autotomic, caudal scales not in regular segments; adpressed hind limb reaches about to middle of orbit iher ing Tail autotomic, caudal scales In regular segments with five or six dorsal and three ventral scales per segment; adpressed hind limb reaches beyond tip of snout catenatus
6.
i
ENYALIUS BIBRONI
I
Distribution:
i
5
6
Longitud de la cola más del doble que la del hocico-ano; no más de 60 escamas en cresta vertebral entre el occipucio y el margen anterior del muslo; ambos sexos marcados con bandas transversales anchas p ctus Longitud de la cola menos del doble que la del hocico-ano; más de 60 escamas en cresta vertebral; hembras sin bandas transversales anchas (machos desconoc dos) b bron i
i
i
i
i
i
Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.,
Bahia, Linhares, and Espirito Santo,
i
I
Cola no autotómica, escamas caudales no en segmentos regulares; miembro posterior extendido hacia adelante llega hasta la mitad de la órb ta iher inq Cola autotómica, escamas caudales en segmentos regulares con cinco o seis escamas dorsales y tres ventrales por segmento; extremidad posterior extendida hacia adelante llega más allá catenatus de la punta del hocico I
Boulenger
1885 Enyal ius Bibroni
i
3.
Tail more than twice as long as snout-vent length; not more than 60 scales in vertebral crest between occiput and anterior margin of thigh; both sexes marked with wide crossbandsp ictus Tall less than twice as long as snout-vent length; more than 60 scales in vertebral crest; females not with wide crossbands (males not known) b bron i
i
I
Longitud de la 'cola menos de 2.5 veces la del hocico-ano; sin subocular alargada; sin cintas longitudinales en el vientre 4 Longitud de la cola más de 2.5 veces la del hocico-ano; subocular generalmente alargada; vientre con tres cintas longitudinales oscuras bill neatus
6
i
6.
2
i
i
4.
Has
Escamas dorsales de la cabeza, incluyendo las del hocico, distintamente guilladas; condición de la cresta vertebral desconocida leech Escamas del hocico lisas, las demás escamas dorsales de la cabeza lisas o guilladas; cresta vertebral presente bras 1 ens s
2.
i
i
Todas las lámelas subdigitales lisas o algunas de ellas con una o dos quillas ind if erenciadas; las cuatro o cinco lámelas distales de cada dígito con un surco longitudinal medio 3
3
i
i
3.
i
2:
II5.
Brazil.
Type-locality:
Bahia, Brazil.
i
118
ENYALIUS ENYALIUS BILINEATUS Dumlril and Bibron 1837 Enyalus bilineatus Duméril and Bibron, Erp.
4:
234.
Type-locality:
Brazil.
Minas Gerais and Espirito Santo, Brazil.
Distribution!
ENYALIUS BRAS
Gin.,
(Lesson), new combination
III ENS IS
1828 Lophyrus brasiliensis Lesson, Voyage Coqu lie, Rept.: Catarina, Brazil. i
32,
pl-
1>
fig-
3-
Type-locality:
Santa
Southeastern Brazil and northeastern Uruguay.
Distribution:
ENYALIUS CATENATUS (Wied) Cabeja do Bo , Bahia, Brazil. Type-locality: 1821 Aqama catenata Wied, Reise nach Brasil, 2: 247. Type-locality: Rio Solimoens, Brazil. I825 Lophyrus Rhomb f er Spix, Sp. Nov. Lac. Bras.: 9> pl- HBahia and Type-locality: I825 Lophyrus margar taceus Spix, Sp. Nov. Lac. Bras.: 10, pi. 12, fig. 1. Rio Solimoens, Brazil. Type-locality: Rio de I825 Lophyrus albomax illar is Spix, Sp. Nov. Lac. Bras.: 11, pi. I3, fig. 2. Janeiro and Para, Brazil. I83O [ Enyalius ] catena tus Waaler. Nat. Syst. Amphib.: I5O. Braz il iens s Gray (not of Lesson), Synopsis Species Class Reptilia, in ?1831 Oph .]^yessa J ( Pl ica Type-locality: Brazil. Griffith, Cuvier's Animal Kingdom, 5- *0. Type-locality: Sao 18^8 Enyalius catenatus paulista Ihering, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 45: 102. Paulo, Brazil. i
i
i
—
)
Eastern Brazil, from Pernambuco south to Santa Catarina
Distribution:
ENYALIUS
IHERINGI
i
I
Boulenger
Enyalius Iheringii Boulenger. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) 15= l?^. Sul, Brazil. 1885 Enyalius her nq —Boulenger. Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 120, pl.
Type-locality:
188=^
i
Distribution:
i
i
i
Rio Grande do
].
Southeastern Brazil, from Sao Paulo south to Rio Grande do Sul.
ENYALIUS LEECHII (Boulenger). new combination 188S Enyalioides leechii
Distribution:
Boulenger. Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.,
2:
473,
Type-locality:
Santarem, Brazil.
Known only from type locality.
ENYALIUS PICTUS (Wied), new combination Mucuri and Type-locality; 182S Agama picta Wied, Abbildungen zur Naturgesch ich te Brasiliens: I25. Lago d''Arara, Bahia, Brazil. Ecuador. Type-locality: 1926 Enyalius zonatus Wettstein. Anz. Acad. Wiss. Wien, 63: 1.
Distribution: Brazil.
Known definitely only from near mouth of Rio Mucur'
in
extreme southeastern Bahia,
U9 repulía: SAURIA: SCINCIDAE
-k ÍC
EÜMECES
ÍIC
EUMECES Wiegmann 1834 Eumeces Wiegmann, Herpetologia Mexicana: 36. Type-species; Se incus pay imentatus Geoffrey. 1835 Plest iodon Duméril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., 5: 657Type-species: Plestiodon Aldrovandii Dumlrii and Bibron. 1843 Pariocela Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: 22. Type-species: Plestiodon laticeps Duméril and B
ibron.
Type-species: 1845 Cyprius Gray, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: 91. Plest iodon auratus Schneider. I852 Lamprosaurus Hallowell, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1852: 206. Type-species: Lamprosaurus quttulatus Hallowell. I854 Eurylep is Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, 23: 739' Type-species: Eurylepis taeniolatus Blyth. I89I Platvpholis Duges, La Naturaleza (2) 1: 3, pi. 23. Type-species: Eumeces Altamiran Dugés. i
Distribution:
i
Central and North America, Africa and Asia.
Comment: Several authors, including Cope, have used variant spellings of Plest iodon Duméril and Bibron, such as PI istodon and Pie stodon i
Content:
.
Approximately 40 species, all but three of which are extral
Key to the species 1.
im
i
tal.
Clave de especies
Middorsal scales much broader than those of paravertebral region 2 Middorsal scales not conspicuously broader than paravertebral scales sum ichrast
1.
Escamas medio dorsales mucho más anchas que los 2 para vertebra les Escamas medio dorsales no conspicuamente más ensanchadas que los paravertebrales-sum ichrast
Scales around middle of body 21; limbs meet when adpressed; parretals not in contact; two rows of nuchal scales schwartze Scales around middle of body ly-l?; limbs widely separated when adpressed; parietals in contact behind interparietal; four pairs of nuchal scales managuae
2.
Escamas al medio del cuerpo 21; extremidades se encuentran cuando se oponen; parietales no contactan; dos filas de escamas nucales schwartze Escamas al medio del cuerpo ly-l?; extremidades ampliamente separadas cuando se oponen; parietales en contacto detrás del interparietal; cuatro pares de escamas nucales managuae
i
i
2.
i
i
EUMECES MANAGUAE Dunn
Type-locality: 1933 Eumeces managuae Dunn, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 46: 67. Managua, Nicaragua. 19'i6 Eumeces managuae Taylor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 38: 292, fig. 73.
Aviation field,
—
Distribution; EUMECES SCHWARTZE!
Costa Rica to Nicaragua.
Fischer
1885 Eumeces schwartzei Fischer, Abh. Naturwiss. Ver. Hamburg, 8: 3> PlSmall island in Laguna de Términos, Campeche, Mexico. iqST Eumeces schwartz e —Taylor, Kansas Univ. Sel. Bull., 23: 94, fig. 5.
7>
^''9-
!•
Type-locality:
i
Distribution: Yucatán Peninsula and adjacent Tabasco, Mexico to central El Peten, Guatemala.
EUMECES SUMICHRASTI (Cope) I867 Plistodon sumichrasti Cope. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1866: 321, Type-locality: Orizaba, Mex ico. Eumeces I879 sumichrasti Bocourt, Miss. Sci. Mex., Rept.: 422. I895 Eumeces rovirosae Duges, La Naturaleza, (2) 2: 298, pi. I3. Type-locality: Mineral de Santa Fl, Chiapas, Mexico. 19^2 Eumeces schmidti Dunn. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 84: 3O. Type-locality: LancetiUa, Honduras, iq^q Eumeces sum ichrast —Taylor, Kansas Univ. Sci. Bull., 23: I78, figs. 21-22.
—
i
Distribution: Central Veracruz to Guatemala and northern Honduras.
L20
***
REPTILIA: SAURIA: TEIIDAE
EUSPONDYLUS
EUSPONDYLUS Tschudi 1845 Euspondylus Tschudi, Arch, fur Naturg., 11;
Distribution:
160.
Type-species: Euspondylus maculatus Tschudi.
Venezuela to Peru.
Ten species.
Content:
Comment: The arrangement of species seen here reflects the suggestions of Thomas Uzzell, who has reviewed this and related genera of microteiids for us.
Key to the species
Clave de especies
1.
Either all dorsal scales smooth, or most smooth with some weakly keeled on posterior part of 2 body All dorsal scales keeled 5
1.
Todas las escamas dorsales lisas, o la mayoría lisas y algunas ligeramente guilladas en la 2 parte posterior del cuerpo Todas las escamas dorsales guilladas 5
2.
Frontal not
in contact with frontonasal ---3 contact with frontonasal (Fig. 2) brevifrontal is
2.
Frontal no contacta con el frontonasal
(Fig.
1)
Frontal
in
(Fig.
2. E, stenolep is . showing contact of frontal and frontonasal (from Boulenger, I5O8).
4 infraorbitals smaller than upper labials Infraorbitals subequal to or larger than guenther upper labials i
4.
I
nf raorb tales más pequeiías que las supra4 lab ales mayores que las nf raorb tales iguales guentheri supra lab ¡ales i
i
I
i
Transparent ocular disk divided; 40 scales maculatus around m idbody Transparent ocular disk not divided; fewer than 35 scales around m idbody s imons
Disco ocular transparente dividido; 40 escamas al medio del cuerpo maculatus Disco ocular transparente no dividido; menos de escamas al medio del cuerpo s imons 35
Frontal not in contact with frontonasal Frontal in contact with frontonasal stenolep
Frontal no contacta con el frontonasal 6 Frontal en contacto con el frontonasal stenolep s
i
5.
3
Fig.
1. £. maculatus . showing contact of prefrontals (from Peters, 1862).
Fig.
3-
1)
Frontal en contacto con el frontonasal (Fig. 2) brevifrontal is
i
6 i
s
i
i
i
6.
7.
Fewer than 25 transverse rows of ventral plates, counted from edge of collar to preanal plates More than 25 transverse rows of ventrals
7
5
Four supraoculars, first smallest of series Three supraoculars, first as large as or larger than third, which it sometimes contacts sp nal i
8
i
s
Menos de 25 hileras transversales de láminas ventrales, contando desde el borde del collar hasta las láminas preanales 7 Más de 25 hileras transversales de ventrales
—
Cuatro supraoculares, el primero es el menor de la serie Tres supraoculares, el primero igual o mayor que el tercero, con el que contacta a veces sp inal
8.
i
s
More than eight longitudinal rows of ventrals rahm Eight longitudinal rows of ventrals leucost ictus
Más de ocho hileras longitudinales de
Thirteen edge of Nineteen edge of
Trece escamas guiares desde escudo mental a borde del collai ocell if er Diecinueve escamas guiares desde escudo mental a borde del collar acut rostr is
i
9.
8
guiar scales from mental shield to collai ocell if er guiar scales from mental shield to collai acut rostr is i
ventrales rahm Ocho hileras longitudinales de ventrales leucost ictus i
i
121
EUSPONDYLUS
EUSPONDYLUS ACUTIROSTRIS (Peters) 1862 Ecpleopus ( Euspondylus ) acut irostr is Peters, Abh. Akad. Wiss. Venezuela. Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: I885 Euspondylus acut rostr is
Berlin, 1862; 2O5.
—
i
Type-locality:
AOy.
Rancho Grande Mountains, Estado Aragua, and Pico Naiguata, Distrito Federal,
Distribution; Venezuela.
EUSPONDYLUS BREV IFRONTAL
Boulenger
IS
=
A^jA?,--
&>ifv^
I
f-.it
i«PTfr>?*'.
-7\r-
Type-locality:
190^ Euspondylus brev f rontal s Boulenger, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (7) 12: 43I. Albarregas and Escorial, Estado Mérida, Venezuela. i
i
Andes of Mirida, Venezuela, at altitudes above 3OOO -.--Kuiix^o
Distribution:
.
»=i"^v-^
Ri'o
<"•
-^
EUSPONDYLUS GUENTHERI (O 'Shaughnessy) 'Shaughnessy, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1881: 1881 Ecpleopus ( Euspondylus ) guentheri Type-locality: Sarayacú, Ecuador. fig. 1. Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 4O7. Euspondylus guentheri Boulenger, 188S
235» pl-
23,
—
Distribution: Amazonian Ecuador.
EUSPONDYLUS LEUCOST ICTUS (Boulenger) 1500 Pr ionodactylus leucost ictus Boulenger, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, (2) Summit of Mount Roraima, Venezuela. Burt and Burt, Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sc . 1533 Euspondylus leucost ictus
—
i
Distribution: Known only from type
8:
,
5^.
28;
Type-locality:
63.
locality.
EUSPONDYLUS MACULATUS Tschudi Type-locality: Peru; further 1845 Euspondylus maculatus Tschudi, Arch, fur Naturg., 11: I6I. specified as vicinity of Moyobamba, Peru, by Tschudi, Fauna Peruana, Reptiles, 1846, 43. 1862 Ecpleopus ( Euspondylus ) maculatus Peters, Abh. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1862: 206, pi. 2, figs. 4, 4a-e. 'Shaughnessy, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) *! 296. I857 Ecpleopus ( Proctoporus ) Eraser Typelocality: Guayaquil, Ecuador.
—
i
Distribution: Coastal areas of northern Peru and southern Ecuador.
EUSPONDYLUS OCELLIFER (Werner) 1501 Pr onodactylus ocell if er Werner. Verb. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien, 5I' 1^33 Euspondylus ocell f er Burt and Burt, Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sc
59^.
i
—
i
i
.
,
28;
Type-locality; Ecuador. 63.
Distribution; Still known only from type specimen, which lacks specific locality data.
EUS_PONDYLUS RAHMI
new combination
(Cri js),
1936 Pr ionodactylus rahm
i
Grijs, Zool. Anz., II6:
27.
Type-locality: Andes of Cuzco, Peru.
Distribution: Still known only from type specimen. Comment; This species is placed in this genus upon the recommendation of Thomas Uzzell, who engaged in a revision of this and related genera of microteiids.
EUSPONDYLUS SIMONSI
Boulenger
I
Boulenger, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (7) 1901 Euspondylus Simonsi Rio Perene, Peru, 5OOO ft. i
Distribution; Known only from type locality. 369-215
O— 70
is
9
]:
^i').
Type-locality: Puntoyacu,
122
EUSPONDYLUS
EUSPONDYLUS SPINALIS (Boulenger) Type-locality; Huancabamba, 1501 Pr ionodactylus spinalis Boulenger, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (s) 7= 23» Peru. St. Acad. Sc • , 28: 63. Trans. Louis and Burt (by inference), Burt nal is sp Euspondylus ] 1533 [ i
—
i
Distribution: Known only from type locality.
EUSPONDYLUS STENOLEPIS Boulenger 15O8 Euspondylus stenolepis Boulenger, Ann. Mag. San Antonio, Colombia.
Distribution:
Known only from type locality.
Nat.
Hist., (b)
2;
515, figs.
4a-d.
Type-locality.
123
W^
REPULร A: SAURIA: IGUANIDAE
GARBESAURA
GARBESAURA Amaral 1933 Garbesaura Amaral, Mem.
Distribution: Content:
Inst.
Butantan,
/
(l932)! 64.
Type-spec es; Garbesaura qarbei Amaral. ยก
As for only known species.
One species.
GARBESAURA GARBEI Amaral 19^3 Garbesaura garbei Amaral^ Mem. Inst. Butantan, Christo, Tapajoz, Para, Brazil.
Distribution: Known only from type locality.
]
(l932): 64, fig. 1.
Type-locality: Monte
124
****
repulía: SAURIA: GEKKONIDAE GARTH
lA
Donoso-Barros and Vanzolini
1565 Garth
Donoso-Barros and Vanzolini, in Donoso-Barros, Publ. Oc. Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. Chile, Gymnodactylus qaudichaudli Dumlril and Bibron. Type-spec es:
la
1. D
¡
GARTHIA
7'
i
str ibut ion:
Oh le. i
Two species.
Content:
Donoso-Barros, Reptiles of Chile, 1566> 122, included Gymnodactylus dorbiqnii Dumlril and Comment: Bibron in this genus, but Kluge, Amer. Mus. Novitates, 2153» 1964, 33» considered it a species of Homonota . and it is included there tentatively at this time.
Clave de especies
Key to the species 1.
Occipital region bounded by white ring from eye to eyej 14-16 lamellae under fourth toe pena Occipital region without white line or boundary; fewer than 14 lamellae under fourth qaudichaudi i
I
GARTHIA GAUDICHAUDI
i
1.
Con región occipital circundata de un franja anular blanca; 14-16 lámelas bajo el cuarto dedo pena Sin un franja blanca en el región occipital; menos de 14 lámelas bajo el cuarto dedo qaud ichaudi
i
i
i
GARTHIA PENA
I
i
i
— — i
West coast of Chile between 25OS and 30°S.
Donoso-Barros
Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: 125, col. pi. Combabarla, Provincia de Coquimbo, Chile, I5OO m.
566 Garth ia peña
Distribution:
i
(Dumlril and Bibron)
Dumlril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., 3: ^13* I836 Gymnodactylus Gaud ichaud Type-locality: Coquimbo (Provincia Coquimbo), Chile. Kluqe. Amer. Mus. Novitates, 2193: 31, fig. 9. 1564 Homonota qaud ichaud Donoso-Barros and Vanzolini, in Donoso-Barros, Pub. Oc. Mus. Nac. Hist. 1965 Garth ia qaudichaud Chile, 7: 4. Distribution:
i
i
4.
Type-locality:
Los Molles,
Precord lleran and cordilleran regions of Provincia de Coquimbo, Chile. i
Nat.
125
'A
REPTILIA: SAURIA: ANGUIDAE
^^
GERRHONOTUS
GERRHONOTUS Wiegmann Type-species: Gerrhonotus tessellatus Wiegmann. 1828 Gerrhonotus Wiegmann, Isis von Oken, 21: 379Type-species: I83O Pteroqastenes Peale and Green, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sc . Phila., 6: 234. Pteroqastenes ventral is Peale and Green. 35O. Hist., Cordylus Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. (l) 1: Type-species: 1838 El gar a ( Gerrhonotus ) mult icar inatus Blainville. Type-species: Gerrhonotus imbr icatus Wiegmann. I838 Bar s ia Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (l) 1: 3')0. Type-species: Gerrhonotus mult icar natus Blainville. 1843 Trachypelt is Fitzinger, Syst. Rept.: 21. Type-species: Gerrhonotus rud icoll is Wiegmann. 1843 Tropi doqerrhon Fitzinger, Syst. Rept.: 21. 1845 Pteroqasterus Gray (emendation of Pteroqastenes Peale and Green), Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: 531846 Tropi dcqerrhum Agassiz (corrected spelling of Trop doqerrhon Fitzinger), Nomenclátor Zoológica Index Universalis: 2O3. Type-species: Gerrhonotus morelet Bocourt. I878 Mesasp is Cope, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc, I7: 96i
i
i
i
i
i
Distribution:
i
Central Texas throughout Mexico and Central America to Panama.
Content: Twenty species, of which only two are found within limits of this work.
Gerrhonotus modestus (Cope) was supposedly from Guatemala, but Comment: from Mexico.
is
known only
Clave de especies
Key to the species 1.
it
Prefrontals usually absent; 18-20 longimorelet tudinal dorsal scale rows Prefrontals usually present; 14-16 longimont icolus tudinal dorsal scale rows
1.
i
i
i
Prefrontales usualmente ausente; 18-20 filas morelet longitudinales de escamas dorsales Prefrontales usualmente presentes; 14-16 filas longitudinales de escamas dorsales mont icolus
—
GERRHONOTUS MONTICOLüS Cope I877 Gerrhonotus mont icolus Cope, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc, I7: 97Type-locality: Pico Blanco, Costa Rica. 1907 Gerrhonotus alfaroi Stejneger. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 32: 5O5. Type-locality: Santa María de Dota, Costa Rica, 2000 m. 1956 Barisia mont icola Taylor, Univ. Kansas Sc . Bull., 38: 208, figs. 54-5$.
—
i
Distribution: Costa Rica to Chiriqui, Panama.
GERRHONOTUS MORELET
I
I
Bocourt
I87I Gerrhonotus moreletii Bocourt, Bull. Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. Peten and pine forests of Alta Verapaz, Guatemala.
Distribution; Content:
(
temporalis Hartweg and Tihen) extral
102.
Type-locality:
im
i
tal.
Clave de subespecies
2 Upper and lower postnasal in contact Upper postnasal separated from lower by raf ael contact between loreal and nasal
—
2.
J:
Guatemala to Mexico.
Five subspecies, one
Key to the subspecies 1.
Paris,
1.
Posnasales superiores e inferiores en 2 contacto Posnasales superiores separados de los loreal contacto entre inferiores por y raf ael nasal
2.
Temporal primaria más baja, frecuentemente en contacto con las dos más bajas secundarias; prefrontales usualmente presentes; loreal posterior normalmente en contacto con supralab iales 3 Temporal primaria más baja, frecuentemente en contacto con sólo la más baja secundaria; prefrontales usualmente ausentes; loreal posterior normalmente no contacta sal vadorens s con supralab iales
i
Lowest primary temporal usually in contact with two lower secondaries; prefrontals usually present; posterior loreal normally in contact with supralabials 3 Lowest primary temporal usually contacts only lowest secondary temporal; prefrontais usually absent; posterior loreal usually not in contact with supralabials salvadorensis
—
1
i
i
126
GERRHONOTUS
3.
Anterior sublabial usually in contact with only third or a more posterior infralabial; ground color usually olive to morelet blackish Anterior sublabial usually in contact with second infralabial; ground color frequentf ulvus ly brownish i
Gerrhonotus morelet 1332
i
I
morelet
i
i
Gerrhonotus morelet
Sublabial anterior frecuentemente en contacto con solo la tercera a otra más posterior infralabial; color frecuentemente morelet oliva o negruzco Sublabial anterior f requentemente en contacto con la segunda infralabial; color generalmente pardo f ulvus i
i
Bocourt
Gerrhonotus moreletii moreletii [
Distribution:
i
3-
]
—Dunn
and Emlen, Proc. Acad.
Nat.
Sc
i
Phila., 84:
.
28.
Mountains of Alta Verapaz, Guatemala.
i
i
Bocourt
f ulvus
TypeI87I Gerrhonotus fulvus Bocourt, Bull. Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, 1: 104. Pine forest of Totonicapan on western slopes of Cordillera, Guatemala. locality: 1943 Gerrhonotus moreleti fulvus- Stuart, Dec. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 4/1: 20.
—
Intermediate and higher elevations on Plateau of Guatemala, except mountains Distribution: of Alta Verapaz.
Gerrhonotus morelet
i
i
raf ael
i
Hartweg and Tihen
raf ael Hartweg and Tihen, Dec. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. 1546 Gerrhonotus morelet Sixteen km south of Siltepec, Chiapas, Mexico. Type-locality: 457! 8. i
i
i
Mich.,
Distribution: Intermediate and higher elevations of Sierra Madre of Chiapas, Mexico, extreme southwestern Guatemala.
Gerrhonotus morelet
i
i
salvadorens
i
s
Into
Schmidt
1328 Gerrhonotus salvadorens s Schmidt. Zool. Ser. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., 12: I96, fig. 1. Type-locality: Los Esesmlles, Chalatenango, Salvador. Phila., 84: salvadorens! Dunn and Emlen, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc 1932 Gerrhonotus morelet i
i
Distribution:
i
—
Honduras and Salvador south to Matagalpa, Nicaragua.
i
.
28.
127
***
REPTILlA: SAURIA: GEKKONIDAE
GONATODES
GONATODES Fitzinger 1843 Gona-todes Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: 51» Bibron.
Type-species:
Central America; nortiiern South America; West
Distribution:
Gymnodactylus alboqularls Dumeril and
Indies.
Content: Wermuth, Das Tierreich, 80, 1965» *2-45, listed 18 species in this genus. Five of these beebe Noble, boon Van Lidth, collar s Garman, gaud ichaud Duméril and Bibron, and oxycephalus Werner) have either been synonymized with other Gonatodes or removed to other genera. Four additional valid species have been added in recent literature. The status of austral is Gray remains highly questionable, leaving I7 currently recognized species. (
i
i
i
i
i
i
Key to the species 1.
Clave de espec ies
Pupil round Pupil vert cal
2
ant illens
i
1.
is
Pupila redonda Pupila vert cal
2
ant illens
i
is
Without dorsolateral light bands 3 Body with two dorsolateral light bands running from eye to base of tail (Fig. 1 ); supracilibaseman ary spine in male
2.
Sin cintas latero-dorsales claras 3 Con dos cintas latero-dorsales, claras y estrechas, desde el ojo a la base de la cola (Pig. una espina supraciliar en el macho 1 );
3.
Some dorsal pattern present 4 Without pattern dorsally; no ventral markings; dorsal color reddish brown annular is
3.
Con diseño dorsal, no uniformement coloreado Sin diseño dorsal, uniformement coloreado de pardo roj izo annularis
4.
Ground color not dark green, body without ii regularly spaced small light spots Ground color dark green with many small light 2) spots (Fig. annular
4.
Color general no verde oscuro, y sin manchitas irregularmente di spues tas 5 Color general verde oscuro maculado por multiples manchitas claras (Fig. annularis 2)
2.
i
hasemani
Fig. 5.
1.
Gonatodes baseman
5 is
Fig.
i
6
No vertebral stripe
Vertebral stripe present, may be somewhat inconspicuous
5.
No suprac
1 iary spine; enlarged scales on lower surface of tail in continuous series; fewer than eight supralabials 10 Suprac 1 iarysp ne present; enlarged scales on lower surface of tail isolated, separated by whorls of tiny scales; 8 supralabials; pattern as in Fig. 3~ annularis i
i
i
Fig.
3-
2.
Gonatodes annular
is
(
boon
Sin cinta vertebral Con cinta vertebral conspicua
i
i
pattern type) 6 no
7
7
6. 6.
—
No hay espina supraciliar proyectada;
escamas
subcaudales ensanchadas, dispuestas en una línea continua; menos de ocho supralabiales-10 Una espina proyectada en la región supraciliar; escamas ensanchadas en la cara inferior de la cola aisladas y separadas por anillos de pequeñas escamas; 8 supralab iales; diseño dorsal annular is como Fig. 3
Gonatodes annular pattern type)
i
s
(
annularis
128
CONATO DES
Fewer than 21 lamellae under fourth toe; head slender with pointed snout 8 Vertebral stripe bordered by ground color; more than 22 lamellae on ventral surface of fourth toe on hind foot; head broad, with rounded snout; vertebral stripe in females narrower than In males, black dorsolateral spots (Fig. 4j peters
7.
Menos de 21 lámelas bajo el cuarto ortejo; cabeza delgada con hocico agudo 8 Más de 22 lámelas bajo el cuarto ortejo; cabeza ancha con hocico redondeado; faja vertebral limitada por el color general, en machos; cinta vertebral de la hembra estrechada, con manchas dorso-laterales oscuras (Fig. 4) peters
8.
Región guiar no negra con manchas blancas en machos; la línea vertebral de la hembra comienza en la región occipital 5 Region guiar negra manchada de blanco en el macho (Fig. 5); I21 línea vertebral comienza a nivel de los ojos en la hembra (Flg, 6) atr icucullar Is
i
Guiar region not black with spotting; in females vertebral line begins on occipital reg ion
5
Guiar region black with white spotting In males (Fig. 5); in females vertebral line begins at eye level and has three expansions along its length (Fig. 6) atr icucullar Is
Fig.
Fig.
5.
Gonatodes atr icucullar venter of male.
i
s
i
Gonatodes peters
4.
Fig.
.
Vertebral stripe bordered with black, continuous In males (Fig. 7)» but a series of spots in females (Fig. v ttatus 8) Vertebral stripe obsolete or without black border in males (Fig. 9)j males light greyish above with diffuse lateral spots; sides of ventral surface with black suffusion (Fig. 10); female Identical with that of vittatus I
bod
i
i
n
I
Gonatodes bod
i
n
i
i
.
dorsum of male
Gonatodes atr icucullar dorsum of female.
i
s
.
Faja vertebral bordeada de negro, continuo en machos (Fig. ]), y manchada en las hembras (Fig. vittatus 8) Faja vertebral obsoleta, sin bordeado negro, en machos (Flg. 5); grisáceo claro encima con manchas difusas laterales; lados del vientre con dos sufusiones oscuras (Flg. 10); hembra igual que en y ttatus bod n i
I
i
Fig.
Fig. g.
6.
Fig.
10.
8.
Gona todes
Gonatodes bod
y
i
n
i
ttatus . female
i
i
.
venter of male
I
i
129
GONATODES 10, Head with variegated pattern
11
Head without any variegation
18
10. Sobre la cabeza un conjunto de fajas Cabeza sin un conjunto de fajas
11. Dorsum without ocelli 12 One or two pairs of blue ocelli bordered in blacl< on either side of dorsum behind shoulder (Fig. 11 ) ocellatus
11. Sin ocelos a
12.Extrem
12. Extremos de los dígitos
I
t
ies of digits not
strongly compressed
.__
Extremities of digits strongly compressed
11
18
los lados del dorso 12 Uno o dos pares de ocelos celestes bordeados de negro, en el dorso a cada lado por detrás de las hombros (Pig. 11 ) ocellatus no fuertemente comprimidos 13 Extremos de los dígitos fuertemente comprimidos
13 16
Ig
Fig.
11.
Gonatodes ocellatus
symphysial, and first three supra14 labials smooth Rostral, symphysial, and first three supralabials with granular surface, pattern as in seigl iei Fig. 1 3
13. Rostral,
Fig.
12.
Gonatodes caud iscutatus
Fig,
14. Spots on dorsum not confluent in males; females not as below 15 Spots on dorsum confluent along median line in
males (Fig. 14); scattered brownish dorsal spots throughout dorsum and tail in females (f^ ig. ceo il iae 15)
Fig. 15. Ventral
14.
13.Rostral, sinfisial y labial lisos 14 El rostral, sinfisial y los tres primeros supralab iales con superficie granular en los se iql iei dos sexos, diseKo como en Fig. I3
Gonatodes cec
i
1
iae .
14.
Fig.
male
scales larger than two dorsal granules17
Ventral scales and dorsal granules approximately same size van ius 16. Back with two rows of narrow,
grayish, transverse bars, each alternating with,
or almost meeting, opposite series on f alconens is vertebral 1 ne Dorsum not as above, pattern as in fig. 12 i
caud iscutatus
Gonatodes se ql
13.
i
ie
i
Manchas dorsales no confluentes en los machos; hembras no como el siguiente 15 Dorso con manchas pardas confluentes en la línea media (Fig. 14); hembra pardo pálido con dos hileras de manchas sobre la espalda (Fig, cec il iae 1^)
15.
Gonatodes cec
il
iae
,
female
15. Escamas ventrales mayores que dos granulos
dorsales Escamas ventrales m ismo tama fío
17 y
granulos dorsales casi del var ius
hileras de barras transversas angostas grisáceas, cada una alternando o casi enfrentando a la opuesta en la línea vertebral f alconens s Dorso no como el anterior, dlseRo dorsal como en fig. 12 caud scuta tus
16. Dorso con dos
i
i
130
GONATODES
17. With light collar bordered by dark brown (Fig. j^g
cone nnatus taniae i
)
Without light collar (Fig. 17
)
18. Infrad igi tal lamellae not flattened, not wider alboqularls than rest of digit
Infradigital lamellae flattened and distinctly wider than the rest of the digit in both sexes humeral is (see also Figs. 18, I5 )
17. Con un collar claro bordeado del pardo oscuro cone innatus (Fig. 16 ) tan iae Sin collar claro (Fig. I7 )
18. Lámelas nf rad ig tales no aplanadas ni mas albogularis anchas que el dígito Lámelas nf rad g tales aplanadas y claramente más anchas que el dígito (también ver Figs. humeral is 18, 15 ) i
i
i
i
i
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
16.
taniae
i
Gonatodes humeral
18.
Gonatodes
17.
Gonatodes cone nnatus
i
s
.
dorsum
Fig.
15.
Gonatodes humeral
is
.
venter
GONATODES ALBQGULARIS (Oumlril and Bibron) Martinique. Type-locality: 18^6 Gymnodactylus albogularis Duméril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., 3: 415. 1843 Gonatodes albigular is Fitzinger (substitute name for Gymnodactylus albogularis Duméril and Bibron, I836), Systema Rept ilium: 92. I867 Gymnodactylus maculatus Steindachner (not Gymnodactylus maculatus Beddome; not Gymnodactylus kotschy maculatus Bedriaga), Reise der Osterreichen Fregatte Novara, Zool., Rept.: I6, pi. 1, Type-locality: Apparently West Indies. figs. 4-4a. Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 1: Si1885 Gonatodes albogularis i
—
Distribution: Content;
Central America;
northern half of South America; Antilles.
Three subspecies, one of which
(
notatus Reinhardt and Lütken)
extral
im
i
tal.
Clave de subespecies
Key to the subspecies 1.
is
males, dark dorsum; dark, vinaceous spot from lips to side of neck, sometimes reaching shoulder, sometimes interrupted; throat white, color extending on chest, diluted; escutcheon, ventral surfaces of thighs and base of tail almost white; ii regular light smear connecting thoracic and longer ventral light areas, more or less narrowed or even interrupted by dark color of sides of belly alboqular s Head sometimes lighter than dark dorsum, pinkish, resulting in "hooded" aspect; venter tan or somewhat darker; throat dirty pink, with more or less distinct gray chevrons; escutcheon and thighs slightly lighter than rest of venter f useus In
i
1.
Dorso oscuro en machos; mancha color vino desde los labios hasta los lados de la nuca, a veces llegando hasta el hombro y a veces interrumpida; garganta blanca, este color se extiende hasta la mejilla algo diluido; escutcheon superficie ventral de los muslos y base de la cola, casi blancas; el color claro del vientre y del tórax conectado entre sí, más o menos angostamente o aún interrumpido por color oscuro de los lados del vientre albogular is Cabeza a veces más clara que el dorso, rosada, dando aspecto de capucha; vientre gris plomizo de oscuro; garganta rosa sucio con manchas paralelas en forma de V más o menos distintas, escutcheon y muslos algo más claros que el resto del vientre-f uscus
131
GONATODES
Fig.
20.
Gonatodes
albooular
a^.
i
s
.
dorsurr
Fig.
Gonatodes albogular
is
albogular
1562 Gonatodes albogular
i
is
22,
Gonatodes
a^.
21.
Gonatodes a. albogular
is
.
venter
f uscus
(Oumeril and Bibron)
albogular
s
Fig.
Is
450.
1568 Gonatodes albogular is albogular 27 (1567): 108, figs. 28, 3B.
i
s
— Vanzolini and Williams, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 127: — Rivero Blanco, Mem. Soc. Cien. Nat. La Salle Caracas,
Lesser Antilles, Curajao, northern Colombia and western Venezuela.
Distribution:
Gonatodes albogular
i
s
(Hallowell)
f uscus
Type-locality; Stenodactylus fuscus Hallowell. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., (2) 3: 33. Nicaragua; restricted by Smith and Taylor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 33, I95O, 320, to Rama, Nicaragua. TypeI875 Gon iodactylus Braconn ieri 'Shaughnessy, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., [i) 16: 265. locality: Barranquilla, New Grenada, Chile; Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 1, I885, 60, lists types as only from Barranquilla, Colombia. I885 Gonatodes albogular s var. fuscus Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 1: 591962 Gonatodes albogularis fuscus Vanzolini and Williams, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., I27: A')!.
ISq'j
i
Distribution: States.
Cuba;
El
—
—
Salvador to western Colombia;
introduced into southeastern United
GONATODES ANNULARIS Boulenger Type-locality; I887 Gonatodes annularis Boulenger, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, I887: 15*, two figs. Maccasseema, Pomeroon River, Guyana. Region Van Lidth, Notes Leyden Mus., 2$: 87, pi. ] , figs. 1-2. Type-locality: 1904 Gonatodes Boon of Coppename, Surinam. Guyana. Gonatodes beebei Noble, Type-locality: Kartabo, Zoológica, 3OI. 1923 J: 1968 Gonatodes annular is R vero Blanco, Mem. Soc. Cien. Nat. La Salle Caracas, 27 (1967): IO7, figs. Ic-e. i
i
—
Distribution:
i
Antilles; Central America;
northern South America.
GONATODES ANTILLENSIS (Van Lidth) I887 Gymnodactylus antillensis Van Lidth, Notes Leyden Mus., J: 129, pl- 2, fig. Curajao and Aruba, Dutch West Indies. 1964 Gonatodes antillensis Rivero Blanco, Acta Biol. Venezuelica, 4: I7O.
1.
Type-locality:
—
Distribution: Northern Venezuela and following Caribbean Islands: Bonaire, Klein-Bonaire, Las Aves, Aruba, and Orchila.
Curaj:ao, Klein-Curasao,
132
CONATO DES
GONATODES ATR ICUCULLAR 1521 Gonatodes Peru.
a tr
Distribution:
GONATODES BODINI
I
Noble
I
icucullar
i
Noble, Ann. New York Acad. Se
s
i
.
,
135»
2'):
Type-local iiy:
Bellavista,
Departamento Cajamarca, Peru.
Rivero Blanco
Type-locality: Rivero Blanco, Acta Biol. Venezuelica, 4: I7O, figs. 1-4, 10. 1564 Gonatodes Bod n Monje Grande del Sur, Archipiélago de Los Monjes, Dependencia Federal, Venezuela. i
i
Distribution:
i
Archipiélago de Los Monjes, Venezuela.
GONATODES CAUD SCUTATUS (Günther) I
Type-locality: Western I855 Gymnodactylus caud iscu tatus Günther, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1855: 410. Andes of Ecuador. I885 Gonatodes caud iscutatus Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 1: 6I, pi. 5> f '9- 2. Type-locality: Wreck Bay, Chatham Island, 1852 Gonatodes coUaris Garman. Bull. Essex Inst., 24: 83. Galapagos Islands, Vanzol in . Pap. Avul. Depto. Zool. Sao Paulo, 12: 12$. iq'i'i Gonatodes caud iscutatus
— —
Distribution:
i
Caribbean coast of South America; Pac
i
f ic
Colomb
ia
and Ecuador.
GONATODES CECILIAE Donoso-Barros Type1566 Gonatodes ceciliae Donoso-Barros, Publ. Ocas. Mus. Hist. Nat. Santiago, 11: 5> figlocality: Cerro Azul, Cerca de Macuro, Península de Paria, Estado Sucre, Venezuela.
Distribution:
Cloud forest of Paria Mountains, Venezuela.
GONATODES CONCINNATUS (O Shaughnessy '
1881
1881
Goniodactylus concinnatus O'Shaughnessy, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1881: 237, Pl' 23, fig. 2. Type-locality: Canelos, Ecuador. Goniodactylus buckleyi O'Shaughnessy, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1881: 238, pi. 23, fig. 3. Typelocality: Pallatanga and Canelos, Ecuador; Rivero Blanco, Mem. Soc. Cien. Nat. La Salle Caracas, 27, I967 (l96S)> IO5, discussed the probable erroneous nature of Pallatanga as a type local ty. Gonatodes cone innatus Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 1: 61. Gonatodes cone nnatus Vanzol n , Pap. Avul. Depto. Zool. SSo Paulo, 12: I25, pi. 1, fig. 3; pi. i
I885 1555
— —
i
i
i
figs.
1-3. 1967 Gonatodes 1 igiae Donoso-Barros, Not. Mens. Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. Chile, 11 (129): Fourth unnumbered page. Type-locality: Bosque de la Carabela, Cerca de Baranitas, Venezuela. 1968 Gonatodes cone nnatus R vero Blanco, Mem. Soc. Cien. Nat. La Salle Caracas, 27 (1967): 104, figs. la-b. 3,
—
i
Distribution:
i
Lower Amazonian slopes of Colombia and Ecuador; northern Venezuela; Amazonas, Brazil.
GONATODES FALCQNENSIS Shreve 1947 Gonatodes caud iscutatus falconensis Shreve. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 99: $20. Type-locality: Pauji, Distrito Acosta, Estado Falcon, Venezuela. 1968 Gonatodes f alconens s Vanzol n . Arq. Zool. SSo Paulo, 17: 18. 1968 Gonatodes f alconens s —R vero Blanco, Mem. Soc. Cien. Nat. La Salle Caracas, 27 (1967): 114. i
i
Distribution:
—
i
i
i
Estado Falcon, Venezuela.
133
GONATODES GONATODES HASEMAMI Griffin Griffin, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 11: 3O4, pi. 32. Type-locality: Villa Bella, 1517 Gonatodes haseman Rio Beni, Bol Ivia, Type-locality: Rio 193^ Gonatodes spinulosiis Amaral. Men. Inst. Butantan, 7 (1532): 56, figs. 7-8. Jurua region, Amazonas, Brazil. Vanzolini (in error for haseman Griffin), Rev. Brasil. Biol., I3: 731553 Gonatodes hasemann i
i
GONATODES HUMERAL
—
i
Bolivia and Brazil.
Distribution:
IS
(Cuichenot)
1855 Gymnodactylus humeral is Guichenot, in Castelnau, Exped. Amir. Sud, Zool., Rept.: I3, pi. 3> figs. Type-locality: R'o Ucayali, Mission de Sarayacu, Peru. 1, la-b. I863 Gonatodes ferrioineus Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc Phila., I863: 102. Type-locality: Trinidad. I87I Gymnodactylus incertus Peters. Monats. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, I87I: 397. Type-locality: Pebas, i
.
Peru.
'Shaughnessy. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (a) 16: 26$. I875 Goniodactylus sulcatus Boulenqer, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 1: 62, pi. 5, fig. 1885 Gonatodes humeral is
—
Distribution: Trinidad, and Bol ivia.
Type-locality:
Cuba.
3.
Tobago, northeastern Venezuela, Colombia and Guianas to Mato Grosso, Brazil
GONATODES OCELLATUS (Gray) I83I Cyrtodactylus Ocellatus Gray, Synopsis Species Class Reptilia, in Griffith, Cuvier's Animal Kingdom, 5= 51Type-locality: None given; stated as Tobago Island by Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 1, 1885, 61Boulenger. Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 1: 60, pi. 5, fig. 1. 1885 Gonatodes ocellatus
—
Distribution:
GONATODES PETERS
I
Tobago and Trinidad as well as neighboring
mainland of Venezuela.
Donoso-Barros
1567 Gonatodes petersi Donoso-Barros, Not. Mens. Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. Chile, 11 (125): unnumbered page. Type-locality: Sierra de Perija, Estado Zulia, Venezuela.
Distribution:
GONATODES SE GL I
I
E
Fourth
Known only from type locality.
Donoso-Barros
1966 Gonatodes se iql iei Donoso-Barros, Publ. Ocas. Mus. Nat. Hist., 11: 11, fig. Type-locality: Bosque de Miraflores, Puertas del Guarapiche, a los límites del Estados Sucre y Monagas, Venezuela.
Distribution:
Region of type locality.
GONATODES TANIAE Roze 1963 Gonatodes taniae Roze. Publ. Oc. Mus. Cienc. Nat. Caracas, Zool., 5: 1, fig. 1. Type-locality: Parque Nacional Henri Pittier de Rancho Grande, Estado Aragua, Venezuela, 95O m.
Distribution:
Estado Aragua, Venezuela.
GONATODES VARIUS (Oumeril) 1856 Gymnodactylus varius Duméril, Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, 8: 475. Type-locality: Cayenne. 1955 Gonatodes var ius Vanzol n , Pap. Avul. Depto. Zool. Sao Paulo, 12: II9, pi. 1, fig. 1; pi. 1-4. figs.
—
Distribution:
Guianas.
i
i
2,
134
CONATO DES GONATODES VITTATUS (L ichtenste n) i
18^6 Gymnodactylus vittatus L ichtenste in. Nomenclátor Muse Zoologici Berol nens La Guayra, Puerto Cabello and Caracas, Venezuela. 188S Gonatodes vittatus Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 1: 60. i
i
is:
6.
Type-locality:
—
Distribution: Content:
Colombia, Venezuela and offshore islands.
Two subspecies.
Clave de subespecies
Key to the subspecies 1.
Males without vertebral white line, or, if present, poorly defined and narrow; 12-17 lamellae under fourth toe of forefoot; large mouth; females very difficult to distinguish, 17-21 lamellae under fourth roquens is toe of hind foot Males with distinct, wide, white vertebral line; I5-I8 lamellae under fourth toe; small mouth; females with 16-20 lamellae v ttatus under fourth toe
1.
i
Los machos sin línea dorsal blanca, o, si está presente, mal definida y estrecha; 1217 láminas debajo del cuarto dedo de la pata anterior; la boca más grande; las hembros se distinguen difícilmente; 17-21 láminas debajo del cuarto dedo de la pata roquens is posterioi Los machos con una línea dorsal bien definida, ancha, blanca; I5-I8 láminas debajo del cuarto dedo; la boca chica; las hembras con 16-20 láminas debajo del cuarto dedo V ttatus i
Gonatodes vittatus vittatus (L ichtenste in) Trinidad. Type-locality: Cope. Proc. Acad. Nat. Se . Phila., I863: 102. 1864 Gonatodes gi lí 1556 G.l onato7es J vittatus vittatus Roze, in Sociedad de Ciencias Naturales La Salle, Caracas, El Archipiélago de Los Roques y La Orchila: 81, fig. i
i
—
i
Colombia, Venezuela, Aruba, Curajao?, Margarita, Coche, Cubagua, Los Frailes, Distribution: Los Testigos, Tobago and Trinidad.
Gonatodes
v
i
ttatus roquens
is
Roze
1556 Gonatodes v ttatus roquens s Roze, ¡n Sociedad de Ciencias Naturales La Salle, Caracas, El Gran Roque, Type-locality: El Archipiélago de Los Roques y La Orchila: 81, fig. Archipiélago de Los Roques, Venezuela. i
Distribution:
i
Los Roques
islands, Venezuela.
I
135
***
REPTILIA: SAURlA: GEKKONIDAE
GYMNODACTYLUS
GYMNODACTYLUS Sp!x I825 GymnodactYlus Spix, Sp, Nov. Lac. Bras.: I7. Type-species; GymnodactYlus gecko ides Spix. 1827 Cyrtodactylus Gray, Phil. Mag., (2) 2: 56. Type-species: Cyrtodactylus pulchella Gray. 1843 Anomalurus Fitzinger (preoccupied by Anomalurus Waterhouse, I843), Systema Reptilium: 5O. Typespecies: Phyllurus m 1 us (= m 1 Ouméril and Bibron. ) 1843 Dasyderma Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: 92. Type-spec Íes: Gonyodactylus spi nulosus Fitzinger. 1843 CyrtoDodion Fitzinger. Systema Reptilium: 53* Type-spec es: Stenodactylus scaber Heyden. 1860 Puellula Blyth, Jour. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, 29: IO9. Type-species: Puellula rubida Blyth. 1867 Gecl<oella Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1867: ')&• Type-species: Geckoella punctata Gray Gymnodactylus tr iedrus Günther. 1868 D inosaura G stl. Blicke in das Leben der Natur: I45. Type-spec es: Stenodactylus scaber Heyder 136*5 Underwoodisaurus Wermuth. Das Tierreich, 80; ix. Type-spec es: Gymnodactylus mili (Bory). i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
Distribution; Content:
Worldwide
i
warmer climates.
in
About ]0 species, only one of which occurs within limits of this work.
GYMNODACTYLUS GECKO DES Spix I
1823 Gymnodactylus qeckoides Spix. Sp. Nov. Lac. Bras.: I7, pi. 18, fig. 1. Type-locality: Brazil. Vanzolini, Pap, Avul. Oepto. Zool. Sao Paulo, 11: 22$. 1933 Gymnodactylus qeckoides
Bahia,
—
Distribution: Content:
Brazil.
Three subspecies.
Key to the subspecies 1.
Clave de subespecies
With fewer than 60 tubercles along paramedian line With more than 64 tubercles along paramedian 1 ne darw in i
2.
1. 2
i
I
i
With 17-20 rows of ventrals; 37"^5 tubercíes along paramedian line; dorsal pattern uniform or spotted; 17-20 lamellae under fourth toe gecko des With 19-24 rows of ventrals; 32-43 tubercíes along paramedian line; dorsal pattern rarely uniform, may be spotted or with ocelli; 13-19 lamellae under fourth toe amaral
2.
i
i
Gymnodactylus gecko des gecko des Sp i
i
Menos de 60 tubérculos en la hilera paramediana Más de 64 tubérculos en la hilera paramed a na darw in
2
i
Diseño dorsal uniforme o marmorado; 37-45 tubérculos en la hilera paramediana; 17-20 hileras de ventrales; 17-20 lámelas bajo el cuarto dedo qeckoi des Diseño dorsal raramente uniforme, marmorado o con ocelos; 32-43 tubérculos en la hilera paramediana; 19-24 hileras de ventrales; I3-I9 lámelas bajo el cuarto dedo amaral i
ix
I83I Cyrtodactylus Sp ix Gray (substitute name for Gymnodactylus gecko des Spix), Synopsis Species Class Reptilia, in Griffith, Cuvier's Animal Kindgom, 9; 52. I833 Cecko gymnodactylus Schinz (substitute name for Gymnodactylus gecko Ides Spix), Naturgesch ichte und Abbildungen der Reptilien: 75, pi. I6. 1843 Gonyodactylus ( Dasyderma ) sp inulosus Fitzinger (substitute name for Gymnodactylus qeckoi des Sp ix),' Systema Reptilium: 92. 1933 Gymnodactylus conspicuus Amaral, Mem. Inst. Butantan, 7 (1932); 57, figs. 9, 10. Typelocality: Villa Nova (= Senhor do Bonflm), Bahia, Brazil. 1933 Gymnodactylus qeckoides qecko des Vanzol n , Pap. Avul. Oepto. Zool. Sao Paulo, 11: 252, pi. 1, figs. 1-5. i
i
i
—
I
Distribution:
Salvador, Bahia,
Gymnodactylus gecko ides amaral
i
to northern
i
i
Paraiba, Brazil.
Barbour
1925 Gymnodactylus amaral Barbour, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 38: 101. Type-locality: Engenheiro Dodt, Santa Philomena, upper Rio Parnahyba, Brazil. Vanzolini, Pap. Avul. Oepto. Zool. Sao Paulo, 11: 255, 1953 Gymnodactylus qecko des amaral i
i
pi.
2,
figs.
i
i
—
2-3.
Distribution: Rio Parnahyba to Rio das Mortes, south to southern Goias, east to southern Bahia, Brazil.
136
GYMNODACTYLUS
GvmnodactYlus geckoides darwini
(Gray)
i
Bahia and Rio de Type-locality: 184S Cubinia Darwinii Gravi Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: 274. Janeiro, Brazil. I867 Gymnodactylus Girardi Ste ndachner, Reise der Osterre ich schen Fregatte Novara, Zool., Unknown. Type-locality: Rept.: 15, pi. 2, figs. 3-3a. Iha de Sao Sebastiao, Type-locality; iqSO Gonatodes helgae Amaral, Copeia, 155°= 281. Estado de S3o Paulo, Brazil. Vanzolini, Pap. Avul. Depto. Zool. Sao Paulo, 11: 256, 1553 Gymnodactylus geckoides darwini i
i
I
—
pi.
2,
fig.
Distribution:
1.
Espirito Santo to Sao Paulo, Brazil.
137
**
repulía: SAURIA: TEIIDAE
GYMNOPHTHALMUS
GYMNOPHTHALMUS Merrem 1820 Gymnophthalmus Merrem, Tentamen Systematis Amphibiorum: 'JA. Type-speci es. Lacerta quadr il ineata L innaeus. 1861 Blepharact is is Hallowell, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1860: 484. Type-spec es: Blepharact is spec osa Hallowell. Nat. Cope. Jour. Acad. Sci. Phila., paphelus 8 1876 (I875): II5. Type-spec es: Epaplielus (2) sum ichrast Cope. i
i
i
F.
i
i
Distribution: island,
Content:
i
Central America, South America from Argentina north. Leeward Islands, Margarita Trinidad and adjacent islands.
Six species, one
(
pie
i
i
Bocourt) extral
im
i
Key to the species
3.
Clave de especies
2 Frontal not in contact with internasal Frontal in contact with internasal--rubricauda
1.
One supraoculai Two supraoculars-
2.
-3
mult scutatus
Without white dorsolateral stripes on body
1
3
mult scutatus i
4.
Cola rojo-naranja; machos con poros femorales; esramas ventrales entre escama triangular del pecho y lámina anal promedian 2] en machos, spec iosus 32 en hembras Cola no rojo-naranja; machos sin poros
ineatus
i
i
i
L
Un supraocular
Sin cinta dorsolateral blanca a los lados del 4 cuerpo Con cinta dorsolateral blanca a los lados del cuerpo 1 nea tus
ventrals scales between triangular chest scale and anal plate average 2] in males, spec osus 32 in females Tail not orange-red; males lacl< femoral pores; ventral scales average 24 underwood
GYMNOPHTHALMUS
2
rubr icauda
3. 4
Tail orange-red; males with femoral pores;
Frontal no contacta con internasal Frontal contacten con internasal
Dos supra oculares
i
With white dorsolateral stripes on body
4.
tal.
femorales; escamas ventrales promedian 24 underwoodi
INEATUS (Linnaeus)
Type-locality: Ceylon, lyiS Lacerta lineata Linnaeus, Systema Naturae, Ed, 10: 20g. Type-locality: North America? 1766 Lacerta quadr 1 nea ta Linnaeus. Systema, Ed. 12; 37I. I863 Gymnophthalmus n t dus Reinhardt and Lütken, Vidensk. Medd. Naturhist. Foren. Kjobenhavn, Type-locality: Danish West Indies. (I862): 226. I885 Gymnophthalmus J merrem Boulenger (name attributed to Cocteau, but apparently coined by Boulenger, with this as first publication). Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 427. iqOO Gymnophthalmus lineatua Andersson, Bihang. K. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handlingar, 26 (4, No.l): i
i
i
i
i
4
i
|_
—
Distribution:
I6.
Dutch Leeward Islands; Surinam.
GYMNOPHTHALMUS MULT ISCUTATUS Amaral iq'^q
Gymnophthalmus mul t iscutatus Amaral. Mem. Inst. Butantan, 7 (1532): 73, figs. 51-55. locality: Villa Nova (= Senhor do Bonfim), Bahia, Brazil.
Distribution:
Type-
Bahia, Ceara and Pernambuco, Brazil.
GYMNOPHTHALMUS RUBRICAUDA Boulenger 1902 Gymnophthalmus rubricauda Boulenger, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (7) Type-locality: Cruz del 337Eje, Argentina. Gallardo, Común. Inst. Nac. Invest. Cien. Nat., Buenos Aires, Cienc. 1951 Gymnophthalmus rubricauda Zool., 2: l,fig. 1. ')'•
—
DIstibution:
369-215
O—70-
Beni,
Bolivia to northern Argentina.
138
GYMNOPHTHALMUS
GYMNOPHTHALMUS SPECIOSUS (Hallowell) Type-locality: Blepharictisis speciosa Hallowell. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., I860: 484. N caragua. figs. 3-4. 1939 GYmnophthalmus speciosus Stuart, Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Micli., 409: 4, pi. 1,
IRfil
i
Central America and northern South America.
Distribution: Content:
Three subspecies.
Clave de subespecies
Key to the subspecies
Prefrontals in contact with loreal Prefrontals separated from loreal
1.
2 b
i
rd
Five supralabials to posterior margin of spec osus eye Four supralabials to posterior margin of s um chrast eye
2.
i
i
i
1.
i
i
2.
Prefrontales contactan con la loreal----— bird Prefrontales separados de la loreal
—
i
Cinco supralab iales hasta el margen posspec osus terior del ojo Cuatro supralab ales hasta el margen possum ichrast terior del ojo i
i
i
i
Gymnophthalmus spec osus spec osus (Hallowell) i
i
Type-locality: I87I Tretioscincus laevicaudus Cope. Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc, 11 (I870): 557. Departamento Occidental, Nicaragua (three cotypes in Museum of Comparative Zoology are labeled as coming from Poluon, Nicaragua). 1952 Gymnophthalmus speciosus spec iosus Mertens, Abh. Senckenberg. Naturforsch. Ges., 487: 56, pi.
fig.
13,
Distribution:
77-
Honduras and Nicaragua to northern South America; Margarita
Gymnophthalmus spec iosus
b
i
rd
i
Island.
Stuart
1939 Gymnophthalmus birdi Stuart. Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 4O9: 1, pi. 1, figs. 1-2. Type-locality: Desert flats of Salami Basin, San Gerónimo, Baja Verapaz, Guatemala. 1952 Gymnophthalmus speciosus b rdi—— Mertens, Abh. Senckenberg. Naturforsch. Ges., 487: 56. i
Distribution: Dry basins and valleys of central Guatemala across southeastern highlands of Guatemala and El Salvador.
Gymnophthalmus spec iosus sum chrast i
i
i
(Cope)
Type(I875): II5. I876 Epaphelus sumichrastii Cope. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., (2) 8 Estado Tehuantepec, Mexico. locality: 1963 Gymnophthalmus speciosus sumichrasti- Stuart, Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 122:
—
Distribution:
Pacific slope from Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Mexico to western Guatemala.
GYMNOPHTHALMUS UNDERWOOD 1558 i
G ymnophthalmus
str ibut
i
oiTi:
I
Grant
underwood
i
Grant, Herpetolog ica, 14:
Barbados, Trinidad
and Tobago»
228.
Type-locality:
Barbados.
80.
139
"^
REPULÍA: SAURlA: HELODERMATIDaE
***
HELODERMA
HELODERMA Wiegmann 1825 TrachyderfUa Wiegmann (preoccupied by Trachyderma Latre ¡lie, 1825, Insecta), Isis von Oken, 22: 421. Type-species: Trachyderma horridum Wiegmann. 1825 Heloderma W egmann (substitute name for Trachyderma Wiegmann), Isis von OI<en, 22: 627. I83I Holoderma Gray ( in error for Heloderma Wiegmann), Synopsis Species Class Reptilia, in Griffith, Cuvier's Animal Kingdom, 5: 28. i
Distribution: Content:
Guatemala through Mexico to Arizona.
Two species, one
(
suspectum Cope) ex tral
im
i
tal.
HELODERMA HORRIDUM (Wiegmann) 1825 Trachyderma horridum Wiegmann. Isis von Oken, 22: 421. I825 Heloderma Horridum Wiegmann. Isis von Oken, 22: 627.
Distribution:
Content: extral
i
(
horridum Wiegmann and exasperatum Bogert and Martin del Campo)
tal.
Heloderma horridum alvarez 15*56
Mexico.
Pacific Slope from Sonora, Mexico, to Northern Guatemala.
Three subspecies, two im
Type-locality:
i
Bogert and Martin del Campo
Heloderma horridum alvarezi Bogert and Martin del Campo, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., IO5: J2, figs. 7, 11, 15; pi. 3, figs. 1-3; pi. 13, fig. 5. Type-locality: Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Ch iapas, Mex ico.
Distribution: Guatemala.
Valley of Rio Grijalva, Chiapas to Rio Lagartero Depression, southwestern
140
REPTILIA:
"k
SAURlA: GEKKONIDAE
*
HEMIDACTYLUS
HEMIDACTYLUS Gray Type-species: Gecko tuberculosus Daudin. Hem idact[ylus ] Oken, Isis von Oken, I8I7: II83. Type-species: Gecko tuberculosos Daudin. Hem idactylus Gray, Ann. Phil., New Ser., 10: 159* Type-species: Boltal ia sublevis Gray. Boltal ia Gray, Zoological Miscellany, 1842: 58. Type-species: Hemidactylus Coctaei Dumeril and Hoplopod ion Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: IO3. Bibron. I843 M icrodactylus Fitzinger (preoccupied by M icrodactylus Geoffroy, I8O5), Systema Reptilium: 104. Type-species; Hem idactylus peruv ianus Wiegmann. Type-species: Hem idactylus Garnot Dumeril and I843 Onychopus Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: 104. I8I7 I825 1842 1843
i
i
8 ibron.
Type-species: Given as Hem idactylus Mabou ia I843 Tachybates Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: lOJ. Cuvier, which = Gecko mabou ia Moreau de Jonnes. Type-species: Hem idactylus javan icus Cuvier. I843 Pnoepus Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: 106. Type-species: Doryura Bowr no Gray. I845 Doryura Gray, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: I56. Type-species: Velernes ia R ichardson Gray. I845 Velernes ia Gray, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: I56. I845 Le iurus Gray (preoccupied by Le iurus Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829 and Le iurus Swainson, I839)» Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: 157' Type-species: Le iurus ornatus Gray = Hem idactylus fase iatus fase iatus Gray. Type-species: Nub il ia Argent Gray = Hem idactylus 1845 Nubil ia Gray, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: 273. depressus Gray. 1861 Eurhous Fitzinger, Sitz. Math. -Naturw iss. Kl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, 42 (i860): 400. Type-species: Hem idactylus leschenault Duméril and Bibron. iiiriis Cope (substitute name for Le iurus Gray, 19*5» preoccupied by L iurus Ehrenberg, I831), 1862 in Slack, Handbook Mus. Acad. Nat. Sc . Phila.: 32. I87O Emydactylus Bocourt, Bull. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, (2) 6: I7. Type-species: Emydactylus bouv ier Bocourt. I894 Bunocnem s Günther, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1894: 85Type-species: Bunocnemis modestus Günther. Type-species: Teratolep is 193^ Lophophol s Smith and Deran iyagala, Ceylon Jour. Sc . (b) 18: 23O. scabr iceps Annandale. 1940 Al iurus Dunn and Dunn (substitute name for L iurus Cope, 1862), Copela, 1940: 71' i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
1
i
i
i
i
Distribution:
i
Africa, south Asia, Oceania, southern United States to Brazil and to Pacific coast
of Peru.
Content:
About seventy species, of which all but five are extral im tal. i
Clave de especies
Key to the species 1.
Scalation of body composed of granules interspersed with tubercles; toes strongly 2 dilated Scalation of body composed of uniform granules; toes weakly dilated peruv ianus
1.
Cuerpo cubierto por granulos y tubérculos; 2 dedos fuertemente dilatados Cuerpo cubierto por granulos iguales; dedos ligeramente dilatados peruv ianus
2.
Tubercles on body reduced, separated by granules; fewer than I5 transverse rows of tubercles 3 Tubercles on body raised, pointed and touching or closely approximated; more than I5 transverse rows of tubercles 4
2.
Tubérculos separados; ligeramente deprimidos; hilera transversal formada por menos de I5 tubérculos 3 Tubérculos aproximados, grandes, quillados; I'nea transversal de tubérculos dorsales mayor
Sides of head without tubercles; transverse row of tubercles on middle of body with fewer than e ght tubercles f renatus Sides of head with tubercles; transverse row of tubercles on middle of body with more than e ight tubercles mabou ia
3-
Lados de la cabeza sin tubérculos; fila transversal de tubérculos con menos de ocho frenatus tubérculos Lados de la cabeza con tubérculos; fila transmás de ocho tubérversal de tubérculos con mabou ia culos
Eight to ten tubercles on base of tail; each dorsal tubercle encircled by ten smaller granules brook Six tubercles on base of tail; each dorsal tubercle encircled by 15-20 smaller granules-ture icus
4.
Ocho a diez tubérculos sobre la base de la cola; cada tubérculo dorsal rodeado de diez brook granulos Seis tubérculos sobre la base de la cola; cada tubé'rculo dorsal rodeado por 15-20 granulos ture icus
3.
que 15
i
4.
i
i
'^
i
i
141
HEMIDACTYLUS HEMIDACTYLUS BROOK
I
I
Gray
184S Heitiidactylus Brook Gray. Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: I53. Type-locality: Borneo and Australia; Wermuth, Das Tierreich, 5O, I565, ]l, indicated that Malcolm Smith, Fauna of British India, Sauria, 1935» 85, restricted the type-locality to Borneo, but Smith gives no indication of such intent, and we do not consider Smith's statement to be a valid restriction. 1511 Hemidactylus leiqhtoni Boulenqer. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (s) f: I5. Type-locality: Honda, Rio Magdalena, Colombia, 300-400 ft. 1936 Hemidactylus neotrop ical is Shreve^ Occ. Pap. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 8: 27O. Type-locality: Curumani, northeast of Salva, Departamento Magdalena, Colombia; corrected by Shreve, Herpetologica, 1, 1938, 124, to Puerto Wilches, Departamento Santander, Colombia. i
Distribution:
i
Africa,
India,
I
ndo-Austral ¡an Archipelago, northern South America and Antilledn
Islands. ^06"i
Content: Five subspecies, four of which brook Gray, anqulatus Hallowell, parv imaculatus Deraniyagala and subtr iedro ides Annandale) are extral ¡m tal. ^ Hem idactylus le qhton Boulenger, -^ from Colombia, was recently synonymized with brook by Kluge, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., I35, 1967, 49, but he did not indicate the subspecies to which it was assigned. ^ Mechler, Rev. Suisse Zool., 75> 1968, did not accept Kluge's synonymy of leiqhton and neotrop ical is with brook but . he did use ha t ianus for the Colombian form. (
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
Hem dactylus brook i
i
i
ha
i
t
ianus Meerwarth
ha t ianus Meerwarth, 1901 Hem idactylus brook locality: Port-au-Prince, Haiti. i
Distribution: Comment:
i
i
Mitt.
Naturwiss.
Mus.
Hamburg, 18:
I7.
Type-
Caribbean coast of Colombia; Haiti, Cuba; Puerto Rico; Trinidad.
See remarks under Hem dactylus brook i
i
i
.
HEMIDACTYLUS FRENATUS Dumlril and Bibron 836 Hemidactylus frenatus Dumeril and Bibron, Erp. Gin., J: J66. Type-locality: Many localities given by Dumeril and Bibron; restricted to Java by Loveridge, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 98, 19*7, 127.
843 Hem idactylus [ Pnoepus J javan icus Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: 106. Type-locality: Asia; Indiaj Bengal; Ceylon; Java; Timor; Amboina; and Marianna Islands; restricted to Java by Loveridge, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 98, I947, I27. 843 Hemidactylus [ Pnoepus J Bo ieri Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: 106. Type-locality: Cape of Good Hope, Madagascar and Mauritius Island. 845 HemTdactvlus vittatus Gray. Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: I55. Type-locality: Borneo. 853 Hemidactylus punct&tus Jerdon. Jour. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, 22: 467. Type-locality: Tellicherry, Malabar. 861 Hemidactylus inornatus Hallowell. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1860; 492. Type-locality: Loo Choo, Ryukyu Islands. 861 Hemidactylus pumilus Hallowell, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1860: 502. Hong Type-locality: Kong. 865 Gecko caracal Tytler, Jour. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, 33= 5*7Type-locality: Rangoon, Burma; restricted, apparently unnecessarily, to Rangoon, Burma, by Loveridge, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 98, 1947, 127. 865 Gecko chaus Tytler, Jour. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, 33: 547. Type-locality: Moulmein and Rangoon, Burma; restricted to Rangoon, Burma, by Loveridge, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 98, I947, 128. Hemidactylus 869 lonqiceps Cope. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1868: 320. Type-locality: Manila, Ph 1 pp nes. 869 Hemidactylus hexaspis Cope. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1868: 32O. Type-locality: Madagascar. 878 Peripia papuensis Macleay, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, 2: 97. Type-locality: "Katow", = Katau, near Binaturi River, New Guinea. 879 Hemidactylus tristis Sauvaqe. Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris, (7) 3: 49. Type-locality: New Guinea. 915 Hemidactylus fraqilis Calabresi. Monit. Zool. Ital., 26: 236, fig. la-b. Type-locality: Bur Meldac, Italian Somallland. i
i
i
Distribution; Guatemala.
"^
,¿-j vO'*"' '
i
Widespread through much of Africa, Asia, Australia and Polynesia; Mexico and
^''
^ ^^^
jAV>.0 ^^. ' |
Cii-'O*^^
,
142
HEMIDACTYLUS
H EfjIDACTYLUS
MABOUIA (Moreau de Jonnes)
Type-locality: Antilles; ia Moreau de Jonnes, Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris, 1818: I38. restricted by Smitli and Taylor, Univ. Kansas Sc . Bull., 33, I95O, 364, to St. Vincent Island, Lesser Ant lies. Brazil; Wied, Beitr. Type-locality: 1824 Gekko incanescens Wied, Isis von Oken, 14 (l): 662. Naturgesch. Brasil., 1, 1825, IO3, said Rio de Janeiro, Cabo Frio, Campos de Goaytacases and Espirito Santo, Brazil. Brazil. Type-locality: 1824 Gekko armatu s Wied, Isis von Oken, 14 (l): 662. Type-locality: Rio de 1825 Gecko aculeatus Spix, Spec. Nov. Lacert. Bras.: I6, pi. 18, fig. 3. 1818 Gecko Mabou
i
i
Jane ro, Braz 1. Bahia, Brazil. Type-locality: 1825 Gecko cruciqer Spix. Spec. Nov. Lacert. Bras.: 16, pi. 13, fig- 3I829 Gl ecko j mabu ia Cuvier (substitute name for Gecko mabou ia Moreau de Jonnes, 1818), Regne Animal, i
i
EH.
2,
2:
54.
1843 Hemidactvlus ( Tachybates ) mabuya Fitzinger (substitute name for Gecko mabou ia Moreau de Jonnes, 1818), Systema Reptilium: IO5. I878 Hemidactylus frenatus var. calabar icus Boettger, Ber. Offenbacher Vere n Naturk., I7/I8: 1. Old Calabar, Guinea coast of West Africa (Nigeria). Type-locality: Type1893 Hemidactvlus benquellens s Bocage, Jour. Sci. Math. Phys. Nat. Acad. Lisbon, (2) 10: II5. Cahata, Benguela, Angola. locality: i
i
South Africa north to Liberia and Abyssinia; Madagascar and neighboring islands; Distribution: Veracruz, Mexico; Cuba, Hispaniola, Barbados and Martinique; Trinidad, Venezuela, Guyana, Amazonian Brazil and offshore islands, Ecuador, Peru, and Colombia.
HEMIDACTYLUS PERUVIANUS Wiegmann 1835 Hemidactvlus peruvianos W eqmann, Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop. -Carol. Tacna, Peru. 1885 Hemidactvlus peruv anus Boulenqer. Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 1: 141. i
17:
240,
Type-locality:
—
i
Distribution:
,
This species has never been found again, at the type-locality or elsewhere.
HEMIDACTYLUS TURCICUS (Linnaeus) "Oriente"; Wermuth, Das Type-locality: 1758 Lacerta turcica Linnaeus, Systema Naturae, Ed. 10: 202. Tierreich, 80, I965, 86, said that K. P. Schmidt, Fieldiana, Zool., 34, 1953, 257, restricted the type-locality to Asiatic Turkey, but Schmidt does not clearly intend his reference to Turkey as a restriction, and we do not consider it to be such. Boettger, Ber. Offenbacher Verein Naturk., I5/I6: 57I876 Hemidactylus turcicus
—
Distribution: Mediterranean region; Red Sea coast east to India and south to Kenya; southern Unitec States; Tamaulipas to Yucatán peninsula; Antilles; Chile. TT-ee subspecies, two of which Content: extral imital.
(
macrophol
is
Boulenger and sp inal
is
Buchholz) are
Hem idactylus ture cus ture cus (Linnaeus) i
i
1810 Gecus Cyanodactylus Raf inesque, Caratteri d¡ Alcuni Nuove Generi e Nuove Specie di Animal! e Pianti Delia Sicilia: 9. Type-locality: Sicily. 1826 Geko mer d onal s Risso, Histoire Naturelle des Principales Productions de l'Europe Mlridionale, 3= S7. T.ype-local ty Province of Alpes Maritlmes, France; restricted to Nice by Mertens and Wermuth, die Amphibien und Reptilien Europas, I96O, 791827 Hem dactylus qranosus Heyden, Reptilien, in Ruppell, Atlas zu der Reise ¡m Nordlichen Africa: 17, pi. 5> fig- !• Type-locality: Egypt, Arabia, and Abyssinia; Mertens, Senckenberg iana, 3, 1922, I69, lists one of the syntypes in Senckenberg Museum as from "Arabia Petraea," and Wermuth, Das Tierreich, 80, I965, 87, regards this as a restriction of type-locality to the Sinai Peninsula, but we do not regard this to be Merten's intent. i
i
i
i
i
:
143
HEMIDACTYLUS
Hem dactylus ture icus ture icus (Linnaeus), continued I
I827 Hem idactylus robustns Heyden (typographical error), Reptilien, in Ruppell, Atlas zu der Reise im Nordlichen Africa: 15Type-locality: Abyssinia. Provence, I825 G[_ ecl<o J verruculatus Cuvier, Regne Animal, Ed. 2, 2: 5*. Type-locality: France; Sicily; Italy. I83I Gecko Verrucosus Gray (error), Synopsis Species Class Reptilia, in Griffith, Cuvier's Animal K ingdom, <)•. 5O. 1884 Hem dactylus karach ens s Murray, Vertebrate Zoology of Sind: "i^l, pi. 9> f'9' 2. TypeKarachi, Sind, Pakistan. locality: 1885 Hemidactylus sinaitus Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 1: 126. Type-locality: Mount S na , Palest ne. I5O6 Hemidactylus exsul Barbour and Cole, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 5O: 148. Type-locality: Progreso, Yucatán, Mexico. 1925 Hemidactylus turcicus turcicus Mertens, Abh. Senckenberg ischen Naturforsch. Ges., 39= 60, i
i
i
i
i
i
—
Distribution: India and northeastern Africa; Louisiana, Texas, and Florida; Cuba; Tamaulipas to Yucatán, Mexico; and one specimen (MCZ 56249) from Chile.
144
^ '^
REPTILIA: SAURIA: TEIIDAE
HETERODACTYLUS
HETERODACTYIUS Spix 182'i
Heterodactvlus Spix, Spec. Nov. Lacert. Bras.,: 25.
Type-species:
Heterodactvlus imbricatus
Sp ix.
I83O Ch irocolus Wagler, Mat. Syst. Amph.: 157*
Distribution; Content;
Type-species:
Estados do Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Two species.
Key to the species 1.
Heterodactvlus imbricatus Spix.
Clave de especies
—
Parietals separated by frontal and intei lundi parietal Parietals ¡n contact on median line imbricatus i
1.
Parietales separados por el frontal y el interparietal lund Parietales contactan en la linea media imbricatus i
—
~
HETERODACTYLUS IMBRICATUS Spix 182'i
Heterodactvlus imbricatus Spix, Spec. Nov. Lacert. Bras.: 25, pi. 27, fig. Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Distribution:
1.
Type-locality:
Valley of Paraiba River; Distrito Federal; Estado do Rio de Janeiro to central Minas
Gera s, Braz il. i
HETERODACTYLUS LUNDI
I
Reinhardt and Lütl<en
Reinhardt and LOtken, Vidensk. Medd. Naturhist. Foren. Kjobenhaven, 3 1862 Heterodactvlus Lundi Type-locality: Serra da Piedade, Minas Gerais, Brazil. (I86I): 214, pi. 6, figs. 10. i
Distribution:
Known only from type locality.
i
145
* '^ "^ "^
repulía: SAURIA: GEKKONIDAE
HOMONOTA
HOMONOTA Gray 1845 Homonota Gray, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: l/l. Type-species: Gymnodactylus Guidichaud Dumeril and Bibron (lapsus for Gymnodactylus qaudichaudi Dumeril and Bibron) - Homonota darwin Boulenger. 1845 Cubi na Gray, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: 1/4. Type-species: Gymnodactylus fase iatus Dumeril and Bibron. 1845 Cubinia Gray (substitute name for Cubina Gray, 1845), Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: 2/4. 155* Wallsaurus Underwood, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 124: 475. Type-species: Gymnodactylus liorridus Burme ster. i
i
i
i
i
Distribution:
South America south of about 25°S, on both sides of Andes.
Eight species, according to most recent revision, by Kluge, Amer. Mus. Novitates, 2153, Kluge also included Gymnodactylus qaudichaudi Dumeril and Bibron, here considered a member 1564. of the genus Garth ia .
Content:
Key to the species 1.
2.
Clave de especies
Rostral crease not ^-shaped; subcaudals enlarged Rostral crease ^-shaped; subcaudals undiff erent la ted dorb iqn Dorsal body surfaces longitudinal rows of Dorsal body surfaces longitudinal rows of
1. 2
Surco rostral sin forma de agrandadas Surco rostral en forma de ind if erenc a das
^
^
i
I
with regular keeled scales without regular l<eeled scales
i
2.
3
;
subcaudales 2
;
subcaudales dorbi qn
I
Superficie dorsal del cuerpo con filas longitudinales regulares de escamas quilladas3
Superficie dorsal del cuerpo sin filas longitudinales regulares de escamas qu liadas
6
6
i
3.
i
Enlarged keeled scales of longitudinal rows not imbricate; general coloration brownish yellow-
3.
Escamas quilladas agrandadas de filas longitudinales no imbricadas; coloración general pardo amarillento 4 Escamas quilladas agrandadas de filas longltudinales imbricadas; coloración general negro gr isacea uruquayens is
4.
Abertura auditiva externa grande y oval; escamas quilladas de filas longitudinales sobre el cuerpo fuertemente desarrolladas; menos de 25 escamas en la fila paravertebral primarla, entre la axila y la ingle 5 Abertura auditiva externa pequeña y circular; escamas guilladas de filas longitudinales sobre el cuerpo débilmente desarrolladas; 25 o más escamas en la fila paravertebral primaria entre la axila y la ingle borell
5*
^°'^
4
Enlarged keeled scales of longitudinal rows Imbricate; general coloration grayish black uruquayens
is
4.
External ear opening large, oval; keeled scales of longitudinal body rows strongly developed; fewer than 25 scales in primary paravertebral row between axilla and groin 5 External ear opening small, round; keeled scales of longitudinal body rows weakly developed; 25 or more scales in primary paravertebral row between axilla and groin borell
5.
Fifteen or more enlarged interorbital scales; parts of margin of external ear opening not denticulate; anterior guiar scales small, granulai fase lata Fewer than I5 enlarged interorbital scales; all margins of external ear opening denticulate; anterior guiar scales large, platelike horr da
i
Subcaudals triangular or round, not greatly enlarged, lateral margins bordered by one large or two small scales, regularly alterrating this sequence 7 Subcaudals rectangular, greatly enlarged, lateral margins in every case bordered by only one scale wh t i
i
i
°
"'^^
i
i
i
6.
escamas interorbitales agrandadas; parte de los márgenes de la abertura auditiva externa sin dent iculac ón; guiares anteriores pequeñas y granulares fase lata IVIenos de I5 escamas interorbitales agrandadas; dent iculac ion en todos los márgenes de la abertura auditiva externa; guiares anteriores horr da grandes y planas 15
6.
Subcaudales triangulares o circulares, no agrandadas considerablemente, márgenes laterales bordeados por la alternancia regular de una escama grande seguida de dos pequeñas 7 Subcaudales rectangulares, agrandadas considerablemente, márgenes laterales bordeadas en todos wh t ii los casos por una sola escama i
146
HOMONOTA
7.
Belly immaculate (devoid of all chromatounderwoodi phores) Belly covered with sparsely scattered chromatodarwl n phores i
HOMONOTA BORELL
I
7-
i
Vientre inmaculado (ausente de cromatóf oros) underwood y esparcidos
Vientre cubierto con escasos cromatóf oros
darwi
n
i
i
i
(Peracca)
I
Peracca, Boll. Mus. Zool. Anat. Comp. Univ. Torino, 12 (274): 1857 Gymnodactylus Borelli Salta, Argentina. locality! Kluqe. Amer. Mus. Novitates, 2193: 10, fig. 3, 1964 Homonota borell i
2.
Type-
—
Northern Argentina, Chaco region and
Distribution: Córdoba, HOMONOTA DARWIN
I
Provincias de La Rioja, Buenos Aires, Salta and
Boulenger
I
—
Gray, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: 171I845 Homonota Gu d ichaudi Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 1: 21, pi. 3> ^''91885 Homonota darwin Deseado, Santa Cruz Provincia, Argentina. Kluqe, Amer. Mus. Novitates, 2193: 22, fig. 6. 1964 Homonota darwini i
i
i
HOMONOTA DÜRBIGNI
I
Puerto
Type-locality:
—
i
Uruguay and Argentina, 25
Distribution:
!•
-
47 S.
(Dumlril and Bibron)
Provincia de la Type-locality: Duméril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., 3= *18. I836 Gymnodactylus Dorbiqn Laguna and Valparaiso, Chile; corrected and restricted by Duméril, Cat. Méth. Coll. Rept., I85I, 44, to area along Río Grande, at Pampa Ruiz (between Vallé Grande and Pescado), Departamento Chuquisaca, Bolivia; additional clarification in d'Orbigny, Voyage dans I'Amerique Meridionale, Strasbourg, 5 (l). Reptiles, according to Kluge, Amer. Mus. Novitates, 2193, 1964, 35-36. Kluqe. Amer. Mus. Novitates, 2193: 33, fig. 10. 1964 Homonota dorb iqn i
i
Distribution:
i
i
—
Central and northern Chile; south central Bolivia.
Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile, I966, 122, considers this species to belong
Comment:
in
Garth
ia
.
HOMONOTA FASCIATA (Duméril and Bibron) "Martinique"; Type-locality: I836 Gymnodactylus fase iatus Duméril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., 3= 420. considered as unknown by Kluge, Amer. Mus. Novitates, 2193j ^3^^j 21. Kluqe. Amer. Mus. Novitates, 2193: 20. 1964 Homonota fase iata 1965 Gymnodactylus ( Gymnodactylus ) pasteur Wermuth (replacement name for Gymnodactylus fase iatus Duméril and Bibron), Das Tierreich, 80: 63. 1965 Homonota pasteur Wermuth (replacement name for Gymnodactylus fase atus Duméril and Bibron), Das Tierreich, 80: 201.
—
i
i
i
Distribution: spec es.
Unknown.
Kluge, loe. cit., 21, rejects Martinique as
a
valid locality for the
i
HOMONOTA HÓRRIDA (Burmeister) I86I Gymnodactylus horr dus Burmeister, Mendoza, in a gorge near Challao, I895 Gymnodactylus ma ttoqrossens s Berg, Brazil. 1964 Homonota hórrida Kluge, Amer. Mus. i
i
—
Distribution: Argent na.
Reise Durch die La Plata Staaten, 2: 522. Type-locality: Near Provincia Mendoza, Argentina. An. Mus. Buenos Aires, 4: 191Type-locality: Mato Grosso,
Novitates, 2193:
I6,
fig.
5.
Paraguay; southeastern Bolivia; Mato Grosso, Brazil, to Provincia Mendoza, western
i
HOMONOTA UNDERWOODI Kluge 1964 Homonota underwoodi Kluqe. Amer. Mus. Novitates, 2193: 25, fig. 7. Type-locality: Agua de la Pena, Hoyada de sch gualasto, 82 km northwest of San Augustin de Valle Fértil, Provincia San Juan, Argent na. I
i
i
Distribution:
Provincias San Juan and Mendoza, Argentina.
147
HOMONOTA
HOMONOTA URUGUAYENSIS
(
Vaz-Ferre ira and Sierra de Soriano)
1961 Wallsaurus uruquayensis Vaz-Ferreira and Sierra de Soriano, Comun. Zool. Mus. Hist. Nat. Montevideo, 5 (51): 2, pl.l, figs. l-2j pi. 2, figs. I-3. Type-locality: Arroyo de la Invernada, Departamento de Artigas, Uruguay. 1564 Homonota uruquayens s Kluge, Amer. Mus. Novitates, 2153: 13» fig. *• i
Distribution:
HOMONOTA WHITI
I
—
Departamentos de Artigas and Tacuarembó, Uruguay,
Boulenger
Boulenqer. Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 1: 22, pi. 3, fig. 6-6a. Homonota wh t Cosquin, Provincia Córdoba, Argentina. 1964 Homonota wh t Kluge. Amer. Mus. Novitates, 2193: 29, fig. 8. 188'5
Distribution:
i
i
i
i
i
i
Type-locality:
—
Provincias de Catamarca, Córdoba, La Rioja, Mendoza, Salta and Tucumán; Argentina.
___^
148
REPULĂ?A: SAURlA: IGUANIDAE
* "^ *
HOPLOCERCUS
HOPLOCERCUS Fitzinger
Hoplocercus spinosus Fitzinger. Type-species: 1849 HoDlocercus Fitzinger, Syst. Rept.: 78. Type-species: I854 Pachvcercus Duges and Braconnier, in A. Dumeril, Rev. Mag. Zool., 5*- 29. Braconnier. and Pachycercus aculeatus Dug^s Distribution: Content:
As for single known species.
One species.
HOPLOCERCUS SPINOSUS Fitzinger America and Brazil. Type-locality: 184'^ Hoplocercus spinosus Fitzinger, Syst. Rept.; 78. I854 Pachvcercus aculeatus Dugis and Braconnier, in A. Oumeril, Rev. Mag. Zool., 5' 29, pi. 12, figs. SSo Paulo, Brazil. 1-4. Type-locality:
Distribution: Mato Grosso, Goias, and southern Para, Brazil; does not occur according to P. Vanzolini.
in
Sao Paulo,
149
****
REPULÍA: SAURIA: IGUANIDAE
IGUANA
IGUANA Laurenti
1768 Iguana Laurenti, Synopsin Reptillum; 47. Type-spec es: Iguana tuberculata Laurenti. 18^0 Hypsilophus Wagler. Nat. Syst. Amph.: 147. Type-spec es: Lacerta iguana Linnaeus. 1828 Pr ionodus Wagler, Isis von Oken, 21 (S/j): 860. Type-spec les: Lacerta iguana Linnaeus. i
i
Distribution: Tropical America from Mexico to southern Brazil and Paraguay; coastal Caribbean area; West Indies. Two species,
Content:
IGUANA 17'58
one
(
del ¡cat iss ima Laurenti) ex tral in tal i
.
IGUANA (Linnaeus)
Lacerta
1898 Iguana
[
Iguana Linnaeus. Systema Naturae, Ed. 10: 206. Tvpe-locaJ ty: Van Denburgh, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc . Phila., I857: 461. iguana j
—
Content:
i
Two subspecies.
Clave de subespecies
With two or three soft tubercles on snout rh nolopha No tubercles on snout guana i
i
guana
i
Indiis".
islands to southern Brazil and Paraguay.
Key to the subspecies
I
"In
i
From Mexico and adjacent Caribbean
Distribution:
1.
islands of
guana
i
1.
Con dos
tres tubérculos blandos y cónicos en el hocico rh nolopha Sin tubérculos en el hocico guana i
i
guana (Linnaeus)
?1768 Iguana m nima Laurenti, Synopsin Reptillum: 48. Type-locality: Unknown. 1768 Iguana tuberculata Laurenti, Synopsin Reptillum: 48. Type-locality: Unknown. 1802 Iguana caerulea Daudin. Hist. Nat. Rept., J: 286. Type-locality: Surinam and Formosa. 1806 l|_ guana j vulgaris Link (replacement name for Lacerta guana Linnaeus), Beschreibung der Natural ien-Sammlung der Universitat zu Rostock, 2: 58. 1820 Iguana sapidissima Merrem, Tentamen Systematis Amphibiorum: 4/. Type-locality: Tropical America. I825 guana squamosa Spix, Spec. Nov. Lacert. Braz.: 5> Pl Type-locality: Bahia and 5Para, Braz 11. I825 Iguana vir id is Spix, Spec. Nov. Lacert. Bras.: 6, pi. 6. Type-locality: Rio San Francisco, Itapicuru, Brazil. I825 Iguana emarg inata Spix, Spec. Nov. Lacert. Bras.: ], pi. 8. Type-locality: Rio San Francisco, Brazil. 182^) Iguana lophyroides Spix, Spec. Nov. Lacert. Bras.: 8, pi. 9Type-locality: Forest of Rio de Janeiro, and Bahia, Brazil. 1898 Iguana iguana [ iguana j Van Denbergh, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1897: 461. i
i
I
•
—
Distribution: America.
I
guana
From southern Costa Rica and adjacent Caribbean
islands to tropical South
iguana rh nolopha Wiegmann i
Iguana ( Hyps ilophus ) rh nolophus Wiegmann, Herpetologia Mexicana: 44. Type-locality: Mexico; restricted to Córdoba, Veracruz, Mexico, by Smith and Taylor, Univ. Kansas Sci Bull., 33, 1550, 3471898 Iguana iguana rh nolopha Van Denburgh, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., I897: 46l.
I834
I
i
Distribution:
—
Sinaloa and Veracruz, Mexico to southern Costa Rica.
150
repulía: SAURIA: TEIIDAE
^
-^
***
IPHISA
IPHISA Gray
I85I
I
ph isa Gray,
Proc.
Zool. Soc. London, I85I!
35*
Type-species;
I
ph isa elegans Gray.
Distribution: As for single known species. Content; One species.
IPHISA ELEGANS Gray Iphisa eleoans Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, I85I; 39» pl» 6. fig. 3' Para, Brazil. Boulenger. Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 424. 188S Iphisa elegans
I85I
Type-locality;
—
Distribution; Amazonian Brazil; Guianas; Amazonian lowlands of Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.
151
repulía: SAURIA: TEIIDAE
KENTROPYX
KENTROPYX Spix Type-species: Kentropyx 1825 KentroPYX Spix, Spec. Nov. Lacert. Bras.: 21, pi. 22, fig. 2. calcaratus Spix Lacerta striata Daudln. 1826 Pseudoame va Fitzinger, Neue Classification Reptiljen: 21. Type-species: Type-species: Kentropyx calcaratus Spix. I83O Trachyqaster Wagler, Nat. Syst. Amph.: 15*. 183'1 Centropyx Wiegmann (emendation of Kentropyx Spix), Herpetologia Mexicana: '), Type-species: Lacerta str iata Daudin. I845 Acanthopyqa Gray, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: 23. i
Distribution: Content:
Soutli
America east of Andes.
Nine species.
Clave de especies
Key to the species 1.
2.
3.
4.
Dorsal scales l<eeled
2
Dorsal scales smooth
altamazon cus
1.
i
Head concave dorsallyHead flat dorsally
2.
-will iamson
i
First pair of mental shields separated First pair of mental shields in contact-
imbricate —
Dorsal scales Dorsal scales juxtaposed-
ir idi
3.
str qa
— paulens '
i
i
Escamas dorsales quilladas Escamas dorsales lisas Cabeza dorsalmente cóncava Cabeza dorsalmente plana
3
wi 11 iamson
Primer par de escudos mentales separados Primer par de escudos mentales en contacto
4.
Escamas dorsales imbricadas Escamas dorsales yuxtapuestas
s
2
altamazon icus
v ir
i
4
5
di str iqa paulens is i
5.
Middorsal scales considerably larger than 6 laterals Middorsal scales not appreciably larger than laterals 7
5.
Escamas mediodorsales notablemente mayores que 6 las laterales Escamas mediodorsales no aprec iablemente mayores que las laterales 7
6.
Number of femoral pores II-I5 Number of femoral pores 5"7
ntermedius
6.
Numero de poros femorales II-15 Número de poros femorales 5~7
7.
Tres supraoculares, la segunda nunca más
7.
3.
1
str iatus
Three supraocular scales, second never smallest Four supraocular scales, second smallest laqart
8
i
~
8
pequefia
Cuatro supraoculares, con la segunda más pequeña laqart
ja
Femoral scales in contact with row of femoral pore scales same size as median guiar scalescalcaratus Femoral scales in contact with row of femoral pore scales larger than median guiar scales pelv jeeps
intermed ius str iatus
8.
i
¡a
Escamas femorales que tocan la hilera de poros femorales apenas tan grandes como las guiares calcaratus medianasLas mismas escamas mayores que las guiares pelv jeeps med anas
— —-——-— — —
i
KENTROPYX ALTAMAZON ICUS Cope 1876 Centropyx altamazon ¡cus Cope. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., (2) Moyabamba, Peru.
Distribution:
8
(I875):
162.
Type-local
i
ty
Amazonian Ecuador and Peru.
KENTROPYX CALCARATUS Spi> 182S Kentropyx calcaratus Spix, Spec. Nov. Lacert. Bras., 21: pi. 22, fig. Itapicuru, MaranhJo, Brazil,
Distribution:
2.
Type-locality:
Rio
Northern part of Amazonian Basin of South America.
Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2, 1885, 391» included a " Centropyx vittatus Wiegmann" in the synonymy of this species, but in the original publication, Wiegmann (Herpetologia Mexicana, I834, 26) simply stated that specimens of K. calcaratus Spix had been called "Centropygem vittatum", (without italics) on the museum shelves. This appear to be a nomen nudum, and is not admissable as an available name.
Comment:
152
KENTROPYX
Stejneger, in a handwritten note in an interleaved copy of Boulenger, Cat. Sn. Brit. Mus., 2, 1885, has noted that Boulenger did not include Lacerta v ttata Schinz, in Cuvier, Das Thierr., 2, It is unclear to us what its relationship is, 1822, 45, from Brazil, as a species of Kentropyx . although Stejneger placed it opposite calcaratu s Spix, suggesting a possible synonymy. I
KENTROPYX INTERMEDIUS (Gray) Intermedius Gray, Synopsis Species Class Reptilia, in Griffith, Type-locality: Surinam. Cuvier's Animal Kingdom, '): 31Type-locality: Guiana. IBS'? Centropyx Borckiana Peters, Monats. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, I865! 64. Carman, Bull. Essex Inst., I5: 2. Type-locality: Barbados. I887 Centropyx Cop Type-locality: Wari, 1926 Gastropholis mertensi De Grijs, Mitt. Zool. Staatinst. Hamburg, 42: 37, Niger-Delta, Africa, in error. I83I Teius fC.[ entroDyx ])
i
Distribution:
i
Northeastern South America.
KENTROPYX LAGARTIJA Gallardo 1562 Kentropyx laqart ja Gallardo, Acta Zool. Río Sal i, Tucumán, Argentina. i
Distribution:
Lilloana, 18:
246, figs.
Type-locality:
1-2.
Known only from type-locality.
KENTROPYX PAULENSIS Boettger 1893 Centropyx paulensis Boettger, Katalog der Rept 1 en-Sammlung im Mus. Senckenbergschen Naturforsch. Ges., 1: 73Type-locality: Sao Paulo, Brazil. i
Distribution:
i
Southern Brazil.
KENTROPYX PELVICEPS Cope 1868 Centropyx pelviceps Cope, Proc. Acad. Amazon of Ecuador.
Distribution:
Nat.
Sc
i
.
Phila., 1868: ^8,
Type-locality:
Napo or Upper
Amazonian lowlands of Ecuador.
KENTROPYX STRIATUS (Oaudin) 1802 Lacerta st riata Daudin. Hist. Nat. Rept., 3: 247. Surinam. Type-locality: Surinam. 1862 Centropyx decodon Cope. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc . Phila., I86I: 455Type-locality: Paraguay. Type-locality: 1869 Centropyx Renqqerii Peters, Monats. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, I869: 63. i
Distribution:
Northern South America.
KENTROPYX VIRIDISTRIGA Boulenger 1894 Centropyx viridistriqa Boulenger, Ann. Asunción, Paraguay. 1960 Kentropyx viridistriqa Hellmich, Abh.
—
101:
Mag.
Nat.
Hist., (6) I3:
343.
Type-locality:
near
Bayerischen Akad. Wiss. Math. -Naturw ss. Kl,, new ser., i
62.
Distribution: Paraguay; Chaco, Argentina;
Mato Grosso,
Brazil.
KENTROPYX WILLIAMSONl Ruthven 1929 Kentropyx williamsoni Manaus, Braz il
Ruthven. Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 206:
Distribution: Known only from type locality.
1.
Type-locality:
153
* * ^^ *
REPTILIA: SAURlA: IGUANIDAE Prepared by Clarence
J.
LAEMANCTUS
Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
McCoy, Jr.,
LAEMANCTUS Wiegmann Type-species:
18SA Laemanctus Wieqmann, Herpetologia Mexicana: 45-
Distribution:
Laemanctus lonqipes Wiegmann.
Atlantic lowlands from Tamaulipas, Mexico to northwestern Honduras, below 65O meters.
Two species, according to the most recent revision by McCoy, Copeia, I568, 665, one of Content: which ( serratus Cope) is extral im tal, i
LAEMANCTUS LONG PES Wiegmann I
18^4 Laemanctus lonqipes Wieqmann; Herpetologia Mexicana: 46, pi.
Distribution:
4.
Type-locality:
Jalapa, Mexico.
Central Veracruz, Mexico to northwestern Honduras and possibly Nicaragua.
Content: Three subspecies are recognized by McCoy, Copeia, I568, 666 et seq., one of which Wieqmann) is ex tral m tal. ( lonqipes i
i
Clave de subespecies
Key to the subspecies 1.
Scales around m dbody 3''"*9 (average 44); guiar fold continuous across throat deborre Scales around midbody 3O-32 (average 3^)5 guiar fold interrupted or absent waiters
1.
i
i
i
Escamas en el 44); pliegue garganta Escamas en el 3^)'> pliegue
medio cuerpo 34-45 (promedio guiar cont'nuo a través de la deborre medio cuerpo 30"32 (promedio guiar interrumpido o ausentewaiters i
i
Laemanctus long pes deborre i
i
Boulenger
Boulenger, Bull. Soc. Zool. France, I877 Laemanctus de Borre Tabasco, Mex ico. McCoy, Copeia, I968: 668. 1568 Laemanctus lonq pes deborre i
i
i
2:
464, pl.
7-
Type-locality:
—
Distribution: Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Mexico, to northwestern Honduras, and coastal areas A record from Nicaragua requires northward to central Veracruz, Mexico. verification.
Laemanctus lonq ipes waiters
i
Schm dt i
1533 Laemanctus waltersi Schmidt. Zool. Ser. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., 20: Lake Ticamaya, Honduras. 1568 Laemanctus lonqipes waltersi McCoy, Copeia, I568: 67O.
—
Distribution:
369-215
O— 70
11
Caribbean slopes of northwestern Honduras.
20.
Type-locality:
154
***
repulía: SAURIA: SCINCIDAE
LEIOLOPISMA
LEIOLOPISMA Ouméril and Bibron Scincus Telfairi Oesjardins, Type-spec Íes: Erp. Gen., 5= 7*2. Lyqosoma Duperrey Duméril and Bibron. Type-spec ies: Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: 22. 22. Systema Reptilium: of iolopisma Le ), Le iolep Isma Fitzinger (emendation Type-spec ies: Lygosoma Gu ichenot Duméril and Lamproofiol is Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: 22. Bibron. Type-species: L ipin ia pulcliella Gray. 1845 L ¡pinja Gray, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: 84. Lyqosoma melanopoqon Duméril and Bibron. Type-species: Carl la Gray, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.; 2]1, 1845 Cyclodina aenea Type-species: 1857 Cycled ina Girard, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc . Phila., 1857= 195' 1835 1843 18*3 1843
Le iolopisma Duméril and Bibron,
Eulep
is
i
i
G
irard.
18S7 Hombronia Girard. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc G
i
Phila., 1857:
.
196.
Type-species:
Hombronia fasciolaris
irard.
Lyqosomella aestuosa Type-species: Lyoosomella Girard, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc . Phila., 1857' l?^. Girard. Type-species: Mocoa zeyland ica Gray. 1857 01 iqosoma Girard, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc . Phila., 1857= 13^L lose incus Type-species: 1873 L iosc incus Bocage, Jour. Acad. Sci. Math. Phys. Nat. Lisbon, 4: 228. Bocage. Ste indachner Type-species: 1873 Trop idosc incus Bocage, Jour. Acad. Sci. Math. Phys. Nat. Lisbon, 4: 23O. Trop idosc incus Aubr ianus Bocage. Type-species: 1879 Saurosc incus Peters, Sitz. Ges. Naturforsch. Freunde Berlin, 1879= 1^3' Saurosc incus braconn er Peters. Type-species: Myoph ila vi vax DeVis. 1884 Myoph ila DeVis, Proc. Roy. Soc. Queensland, 1: 77Type-species: Lyq isaurus f ol iorum DeVis. 1884 Lyg isaurus DeVis, Proc. Roy. Soc. Queensland, 1: 77Say. Scincus lateralis 6: Type-species: Herpetolog ica, incella Mittleman, 19Sc 1950 18'í7
i
i
i
i
i
Distribution:
i
North and Central America, South Asia, Australia, Pacific Islands.
Content: About IO5 species, only three of which occur within limits of this genus follows Romer, Osteology of the Reptiles, 1952, 5*9"
Synonymy of
Clave de especies
Key to the species 1.
wori<.
Adpressed limbs do not overlap in adults Adpressed limbs strongly overlapping in cherr adults
2 ie
1.
Extremidad anterior y posterior opuestas entre 2 si no se juntan en adultos Extremidad anterior y posterior opuestas entre cherr le sí, se cruzan en adultos
2.
Escamas dorsales entre parietales y nivel anal más de 65; 28 o más escamas al medio del assatum cuerpo Escamas dorsales entre parietales y nivel anal menos de 65; 28 o menos escamas (generalmente incertum 26) alrededor del medio del cuerpo
i
i
2.
More than 65 dorsal scales between parietals and level of anus; 28 or more scales around assatum middle of body Fever than 65 dorsal scales between parietals and level of anus; 28 or fewer (usually 26) incertum scales around middle of body
LEIOLOPISMA ASSATUM (Cope) 1864 Lampropholis assatus Cope. Proc. Acad. Izalco, El Salvador. 1937 Le iolopisma assatum Oliver, Occ. Pap.
—
Distribution: Content:
Nat.
Sci.
Mus.
Zool.
Phila., 1864:
I79.
Mich., 36O:
Univ.
Type-locality: 12.
Colima, Mexico to El Salvador.
Two subspecies, one
(
taylor
i
Oliver) extral
Imi tal.
Le iolop isma assatum assatum Cope
1937 Leioloplsma assatum assatum Oliver, Occ. Pap. Mus.
Distribution:
Zool.
Eastern Chiapas, Mexico, to El Salvador.
Univ. Mich., 36O:
15-
Volcán
155
LEIOLOPISMA LEIOLOPISWA CHERRIEI (Cope) 189^ Mocoa cherriei Cope. Proc. Amer. Phil.
Distribution: Content:
Soc,
3I:
34O.
Type-locality:
Four subspecies, one of which
(
stuart
i
Smith)
is
ex tral in
Key to the subspecies 1.
2.
El
Palmar, Costa Rica.
Tabasco, Mexico to Panama. i
tal.
Clave de subespecies
More than 2/ scales around midbody; more than 60 scales between parietals and level of anus 2 Less than 25 scales around midbody; less than 60 scales between parietals and level of anus ixbaac
Primary temporal normally s ingle, if not, lower scale much larger than upper and touches upper secondary temporal; upper secondary temporal largei cherr ie Two primary temporals, upper equal to or slightly smaller than lower, only upper touching upper secondary temporal; upper secondary temporal smallei lamprophol is i
Más de 27 escamas alrededor del medio del cuerpo; más de 60 escamas entre los parie-
tales y el nivel anal 2 Menos de 25 escamas alrededor del medio del cuerpo; menos de 60 escamas entre los parietales y el nivel anal ixbaac
Temporal primaria frecuentemente única, si no la escama inferior es much'o más grande que la superior y toca la temporal secundaria superior; temporal secundaria superior mucho más grande cherriei Dos temporales primarias, la superior igual o ligeramente menor que la inferior, la única superior toca la temporal secundaria superior; temporal secundaria superior men 01 lamprophol s i
Le iolop isma cherr ie
i
cherr
ie
i
(Cope)
1903 L yqosoma assatum var. brev is Werner, Abh. K. Bayer Akad. Wiss. Mijnchen, 22: 3*5' locality: Cobán, Guatemala. 1946 Leiolopisma cherriei cherriei Smith, Herpetolog ica, 3= HI.
Type-
—
Distribution:
Le iolop isma cherr ie
Tabasco, Mexico, to southwestern Costa Rica.
i
ixbaac (Stuart)
1940 Lyqosoma assatum ixbaac Stuart, Dec. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 421: Chichen Itza, Yucatán, Mexico. ixbaac Smith, Herpetolog ica, J: 111. 1946 Le iolop isma cherr ie
Distribution:
Le iolop sma cherr ie i
i
lamprophol
i
s
Taylor
i
LEIOLOPISMA
Type-locality:
Lowlands of Yucatán Peninsula south to central El Peten, Guatemala.
1956 Le iolop isma cherr ie lamprophol is Taylor, Univ. Kansas Sc Type-locality: Bataan, Limón, Costa Rica.
Distribution:
8.
—
i
i
.
Bull., 3^:
287,
^'9^.
71"72.
Northern and eastern Costa Rica.
INCERTUM (Stuart)
1940 Lygosoma incertum Stuart, Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 421: Tajumulco, Guatemala. 1946 Leiolopisma incertum Smith, Herpetolog ica, 3= 111.
10.
Type-locality:
Volcán
—
Distribution: Moderate elevations on Pacific slopes of southwestern Guatemala, as well as Alta Verapaz, Guatemala.
156
'^ "^ "^
REPULÍA: SAURIA: IGUANIDAE
LEIOSAURUS
LEIOSAURUS Dumlril and Bibron 1837 Le iosaurus Duméril and Bibron, Erp. Gen.,
4:
Leiosaurus Bell
Type-spec Íes:
241.
i
Dumlril and
i
B Ibron.
1847 L iosaurus Agassiz (substitute name for Le iosaurus Duméril and Bibron), Nomenclátor Zoologici Index Universalis: 212. Type-species: 1857 Aperopr st s Peracca, Bol. Mus. Zool. Anat. Comp. Univ. Torino, 12 (295)! 1. Aperopr ist s Paronae Peracca. i
i
i
Argentina and presumably adjacent Brazil.
Distribution:
In most recent revision by Gallardo, Physis, 22, I56I, II3-II8, five species were Content: Two of these have been transferred elsewhere, but two others have since been added, included. leaving total at five.
Clave de especies
Key to the species 1.
2.
3.
Infradigital lamellae smooth or indistinctly keeled Infradigital lamellae keeled
1.
ig
lia das Lámelas inf rad ig qu
2
3
I
tales lisas o
indistintamente 2
i
i
tales quilladas
3
Vientre con líneas pardas quebradas; no hay bell collar negro prehumeral Vientre claro, sin líneas longitudinales pardas; collar negro prehumeral presente- bardens
with broken brown longitudinal lines; no antehumeral collai bell light, without brown longitudinal lines; hardens s antehumeral collar present
2.
Dorsal scales homogeneous; ventrals smooth; no 4 dorsal or nuchal crests Dorsal scales heterogeneous, with tubercular scales sometimes arranged in rows; ventrals keeled; weak nuchal and dorsal crests of paronae pointed scales
3-
Dorsales homogéneas; ventrales lisas; no hay 4 cresta dorsal ni nucal Escamas dorsales heterogéneas con escamas tuberculadas a veces ordenadas en hileras; ventrales quilladas; con débiles crestas nucal paronae y dorsal de escamas puntiagudas
4.
Diseño dorsal de manchas oscuras con forma de punta de flecha ca tamarcens s Diseño dorsal de bandas transversales, anchas y oscuras fase ia tus
Venter black Venter black
i
i
i
'
4.
Lámelas inf rad
—
Dorsal pattern of arrowhead-shaped dark spots catamarcens s Dorsal pattern of broad, transverse dark bandsfase ia tus
i
i
i
s
i
i
LEIOSAURUS BARDENSIS Gallardo 1568 Le iosaurus bardens s Gallardo, Neotropica, 14; Cochicó, Puelén, La Pampa, Argentina. i
Distribution:
LEIOSAURUS BELL!
I
Type-locality:
'fig-
Altos de Cochicó,
Provincias de La Pampa and San Juan, Argentina.
Duméril and Bibron
I837 Le iosaurus Bell 1561 Leiosaurus belli i
Distribution:
5>
i
i
Duméril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., Physis, 22: 114.
— Gallardo.
4:
242.
Type-locality:
Mexico,
in
error.
Santa Cruz, Chubut, Río Negro, Mendoza and Neuquén, Argentina.
LEIOSAURUS CATAMARCENS
IS
(Koslowsky)
1898 Liosaurus catamarcens s Kns1nw<;ky, Rev. Mus. La Plata, de Catamarca, Argentina. 1561 Leiosaurus catamarcens is Gallardo, Physis, 22: 114. i
8:
I69,
pl.
1.
Type-locality:
Provincia
—
Distribution:
Western parts of Provincias Mendoza, San Juan, La Rioja and Catamarca, Argentina.
LEIOSAURUS FASCIATUS D'Orbigny and Bibron 1847 Leiosaurus fasciatus D'Orbigny and Bibron, Voyage dans L'Amerique Meridionale, figs. 5-7, Type-locality: Río Negro, Patagonia, Argentina.
Distribution:
Patagonia, Argentina.
5
(l):
8,
pl.
3,
157
LEIOSAURUS LEIOSAURUS PARONAE (Peracca) I857 Aperopristis Paronae Peracca, Bol. Mus. Zool. Anat. Comp. Univ. Torino, 12 (299): 1, pi. locality: Brazil. 1961 Leiosaurus paronae Gallardo, Physis, 22: II5.
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;
Distribution:
Brazil (probably southern); central parts of northern half of Argentina.
Type-
158
**
REPTILIA: SAURlA: GEKKONIDAE
LEPIDOBLEPHARIS
LEPIDOBLEPHARIS Peracca 1897 Lepidoblepharis Peracca, Boll. Mus. Zool. Anat. Comp. Univ. Lepidoblepliar is f estae Peracca. 1916 Lathroqecko Rutliven, Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 21: sanctae-martae Ruthven.
Distribution: Content:
Torino, 12 (3OO):
Type-species:
1.
Type-species:
Central America, northern South America.
Eight species.
Clave de especies
Key to the species
1.
1.
Lepidoblepharis
Dorsal scales juxtaposed Dorsal scales imbricate
2
1.
sanctaemartae
Escamas dorsales yuxtapuestas Escamas dorsales imbricadas
2
sanctaemartae
Dorsal scales uniform in size 3 Dorsal scales heterogeneous, granules mixed ruthven with enlarged scales
2.
3 Escamas dorsales de tamaño uniforme Escamas dorsales heterogéneas, granulos con ruthven escamas grandes
* 3. Dorsal scales without keels Dorsal scales strongly keeled or tuberculai xanthos t qma
3-
4 Escamas dorsales no guilladas Escamas dorsales fuertemente guilladas o tuqma xanthost berculares
4.
Escamas del hocico mayores que las del resto de 5 1^ cabeza Escamas del hocico no mayores que las del resto 7 de la cabeza
Scales bordering postmentals same size as the 6 other guiar scales Scales bordering postmentals larger than rebuchwald maining gulars
5-
Escamas
oxycephalus mental in posterior half of mental ntermed us
6.
oxycephalus Mental sin ranuras Dos ranuras en la parte posterior del mental ntermed ius
2.
i
i
i
i
4.
5.
Scales on the snout larger than those on rest of head Scales on the snout not larger than those on rest of head
5
7
i
i
6.
No grooves
Two grooves
in
i
7.
LEPIDOBLEPHARIS BUCHWALD
i
Distribution:
"] .
Granulos del posmentales Granulos del posmentales
hocico mayores que los dorsales; f es tae agrandados hocico menores que los dorsales; peraccae no agrandados
Werner
1510 Lep doblephar s buchwaldi Werner, Mitt. Clementina, Babahoyo, Ecuador. i
i
i
Granules on snout larger than dorsal granules; f es tae postmentals enlarged Granules on snout smaller than dorsal granules; postmentals not enlarged peraccae
inmediatas a las posmentales no mayores 6 que las guiares anteriores Escamas inmediatas a las posmentales mayores buchwald que las restantes guiares
Nat.
Mus. Hamburg,
27:
8.
Type-locality:
Hacienda
Known only from type locality.
LEPIDOBLEPHARIS FESTAE Peracca 1857 Lepidoblepharis festae Peracca, Boll. Mus. Zool. Anat. Comp. San José de Cuchipamba, Ecuador. Type-locality:
Distribution: Content:
Univ.
Torino, 12 (3OO):
2,
fig.
Amazonian slopes of Colombia, Ecuador and Peru; Amapa, Amazonas, and Para, Brazil.
Two subspecies.
159
LEPIDOBLEPHARIS Key to the subspecies 1.
Clave de subespecies
Mental bordered by scales identical in size with guiar scales; 14-16 transverse rows of ventrals; 14-1$ infradigital lamellae under fourth toe on hind foot festae Mental bordered by row of scales much larger than guiar scales; 20-22 transverse rows of ventrals; 11-12 infradigital lamellae under fourth toe colombianus
1.
Escamas que forman el borde posterior del mental son del mismo tamaño que las guiares; 14-16 hileras transversales de ventrales; 14-15 lámelas bajo del cuarto dedo de la extremidad posterior festae Escamas que forman el borde posterior del mental son más grandes que las guiares; 20-22 hileras transversales de ventrales; 11-12 lámelas bajo del cuarto dedo colomb ianus
Lep doblepharis festae festae Peracca i
1568 L[ ep doblepharis j f[ estae ] festae i
Distribution:
Lep doblephar i
is
— Mechler,
Rev.
Suisse Zool., 75: 335, figs. 10-12.
Amazonian slopes of Ecuador and Peru; Amapa, Amazonas, and Para, Brazil.
festae colomb ianus Mechler
1968 Lep idoblephar is festae colomb ianus Mechler, Rev. Suisse Zool., 75: 335, figs. I3-I8. Type-locality: Cafetal Argalia, Departamento Cundinamarca, Colombia, I6OO m.
Distribution:
Known only from type locality.
LEPIDOBLEPHARIS INTERMEDIUS Boulenger 191* Lepi doblephar is intermedius Boulenger, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1914: 814, pi. locality: Peña Lisa, Condoto, Colombia. 1968 Lepi doblepfíar is intermedius Mechler, Rev. Suisse Zool., 7$: 341, figs. I9-23.
1,
fig.
2.
Type-
—
Distribution:
Pacific lowlands of Colombia and northwestern Ecuador.
LEPIDOBLEPHARIS OXYCEPHALUS (Werner) I894 Gonatodes oxycephalus Werner. Zool. Anz., I7: ^13. Type-locality: 19*53 Lepldoblepharis oxvcephalus Vanzolin!, Rev. Brasil. Biol., I3: 7^*
—
Distribution:
"Ecuador".
Unknown; still not verified from Ecuador.
LEPIDOBLEPHARIS PERACCAE Boulenger I9O8 Lepldoblepharis peraccae Boulenger, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (s) Mangos, Colombia, 3^0 m.
Distribution:
1:
111.
Type-locality:
Los
Southwestern Colombia.
LEPIDOBLEPHARIS RUTHVENI Parker 1926 Lepldoblepharis ruthven Ecuador.
Distribution:
i
Parker, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (9) 17' 295-
Type-locality:
Chimbo,
Pacific slope of Ecuador.
LEPIDOBLEPHARIS SANCTAEMARTAE (Ruthven) 1916 Lathroqecko sanctae-martae Ruthven, Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 21: Fundación, Colombia. 1926 Lepidoblepharis sanctae-martae Parker, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (9) 17' 294.
—
Distribution; Content:
Panama and Colombia.
Two subspecies.
2.
Type-locality:
160
LEPIDOBLEPHARIS
Clave de subespecies
Key to the subspecies
Mental bordered posteriorly by four or five scales slightly larger than the throat fuqax granules Mental bordered posteriorly by three scales much larger than the throat granules sanctaemartae
1.
Lep doblephar i
i
s
i
i
Distribution:
i
i
s
Mental bordeado posteriormente por cuatro o cinco escamas un poco mayores que las fuqax escamas de la garganta Mental bordeado posteriormente por tres escamas, mucho mayores que las escamas de sanctaemartae la garganta
sanctaemartae sanctaemartae (Ruthven)
1528 Lep doblephar Mich., I5I: 1568 Lep doblephar 21-28.
Lep doblephar
1.
is [ 2. is
sanctae-martae j sanctae-martae
sanctaemartae sanctaemartae
— Ruthven,
— Mechler,
Rev.
Occ.
Pap.
Mus.
Zool.
Univ.
Suisse Zool., 75' 3^6, figs.
Santa Marta Mountains, Colombia.
sanctaemartae fuqax Ruthven
1528 Lepi doblephar is sanctae-martae fuqax Ruthven, Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., I5I: Barro Colorado Island, Gatun Lake, Panama. Type-locality:
Distribution:
2.
Eastern Panama from Canal Zone to Sapo Mountains.
LEPIDOBLEPHARIS XANTHOSTIGMA (Noble) Type-locality: Zent, near 1916 Lathroqecko xanthostiqma Noble. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 2'): 87. Puerto Limón, Costa Rica, region Rio Quesado, 2. Type-locality: Novitates, 88: Noble, Amer. Mus. microlepis Lathroqecko 1323 of Rio Atrato, Colombia. 1928 Lepidoblepharis xanthost qma Ruthven. Occ, Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., I5I: 2. i
IS'iS
Lepidoblepharis xanthost gma i
—
— Taylor.
Univ. Kansas Sci.
Bull., 38=
20,
figs.
2-3.
Distribution: Costa Rica to Colombia. Comment: Vanzolini, Arq. Zool. SSo Paulo, I7, I568, 3O, recognized L, microlepis Noble as a in his review of the South valid species, but does not discuss or include L. xanthostiqma It is not clear to us whether he rejects previous synonymy of the two American species. species or not.
^___
16j.
***
REPTILIA: SAURlA: GEKKONIDAE
LEPIDODACTYLUS
LEPIDODACTYLUS Fitzinger 1843 Lep dodactylus Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: and Bibron. 1845 Amydosaurus Gray, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: l62. i
')8.
Type-species:
Type-species:
Platydactylus Luqubr
Platydactylus luqubr
i
s
i
s
Oumlril
Dumlril and
B bron. i
Distribution: East Indies; South Asia; Philippines; Polynesia; Australia and New Zealand, accidentally transported to Central and South America. Content: Twelve species, according to Kluge, Philippine Jour. Sci., 55> 15^6 (I568), 33^, only one of which occurs within limits of this worl<.
LEPIDODACTYLUS LUGUBRIS (Dumlril and Bibron) Type-locality: OtaTti, which is I836 Platydactylus Luqubr s Dumlril and Bibron, Erp. Gin., 3= 3^4. same as Tah t . 1858 Peropus neqlectus Girard. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., I857: I57. Type-locality: Rio de Jane ro, Braz 1. 1859 Hem idactylus Me ¡eri Sleeker, Natuurk. Tijds. Nederl. - ndi?, ( 4) I6: i]. Type-locality: Bintang, Rhio Archipelago. 1864 Per p a cantor s Günther, Reptiles of British India: 110. Penang. Type-locality: Mindanao, I867 Gecko lab ial s Peters, Monats. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, I867: 14. Type-locality: i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
I
i
i
Ph
I867 1869 I869 I874
I878
i
1
i
pp
i
nes.
Gecko moestus Peters, Monats. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, I867: 13Type-locality: Pelew Island. Peropus roseus Cope. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1868: 315. Type-locality: Not given. Gymnodactylus Caudelot Bavay, Mim. Soc. Linn. Normandie, 5' 13' Type-locality: New Caledonia. Per p a mysorens s Meyer, Monats. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1874: I29. Type-locality: Mysore Island, Schouten Islands, near New Guinea. Per p ia ornata MacLeay, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, 2: '^8, Type-locality: Port Moresby, New Gu nea Lep dodactylus luqubr s Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 1: I65. Lepidodactylus diverqens Taylor. Philippine Jour. Sci., (d) I3: 242, pi. 1, figs. I-3. Typelocality: Great Govenen Island, Sulu Archipelago. Lep dodactylus lombocens s Mertens, Senckenberg iana, 11: 239, "fig. 1. Type-locality: Ekas, Lombok Island. Lep dodactylus intermedius Darevsky, Zool. Anz., 173' 169> f'gs. 1-2. Type-locality: Komodo sland. i
i
i
i
i
i
I885 1918 1925 1964
i
i
i
— i
i
I
Distribution: Ceylon; Nicobars; Andamans; Burma, Malay Archipelago, ndo-Austral ian Archipelago; Oceania. Apparently introduced in Colombia.j Ecuador, and Panama; also recorded from Rio de Jane ro, Braz 1. I
i
Comment:
i
This synonymy follows Kluge, Philippine Jour. Sci., 96, I966 (1968), 338.
162
I.EPIDOPHYMA
^^
^k
repulía: SAURIA: XANTUSIDAE
LEPIDOPHYMA
Oumérü
Lepidophyma Type-species: 1851 LepidoDhyína Dumlril, Cat. Mlth. Coll. Rept. Mus. Paris: I37. f lav imaculatus Duméril. Por iodoqaster Type-species: I863 Poriodogaster Smith, in Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, I863: 154. Sm th. gray Akleistops Type-species: 6: Ges. Basel, Naturforscin. 350. Verh. Müller, Akleistops I878 quatennalens is Müller. Lepidophvma qaiqeae Type-species: 1939 Gaigeia Smith, Zool. Ser. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., 24: 24. Mosauer. i
i
i
Mexico to Panama.
Distribution:
Content: Seven species, six of which ( ga ioeae Mosauer, dontomas Smith, sylvat icum Taylor, radu^a Smith, microphol is Walker and pa japanens is Werler) are ex tral im tal, according to last summary by Savage, Contr. So . Los Angeles Co. Mus., 71» I963. i
i
i
LEPIDOPHYMA FLAV IMACULATUM Duméril 1851 Lepidophyma f lav imaculatus Dumlril, Cat. Peten, Guatemala.
Distribution:
Méth.
Rept.
Coll.
Paris:
Mus.
I37.
Type-locality:
El
Tamaulipas and Veracruz, Mexico, to Panama.
tehuanae Smith, tenebrarum Walker, tuxtlae Werler and Eight subspecies, three of which Content: Shannon) are ex tral im tal, and two of which are of doubtful status (see remarks under oph iophthalmum Taylor). (
i
Clave de subespecies
Key to the subspecies 1.
More than 12 femoral pores on each leg Fewerthan 12 femoral pores on each leg lithi
2.
Throat region behind chinshields marked with dark brown or black reticulations enclosing rounded cream spots Throat region behind chinshields lacking definite reticulations, area usually light with nearly uniform distribution of pigment
2
Más de 12 poros femorales en cada muslo Menos de 12 poros femorales en cada muslo
1.
2
—
smithi
i
i
3
Región del cuello detrás de los escudos mentonianos con reticulaciones negras o '^afé encerrando manchas cremosas redondas-
4
Región del cuello detrás de los escudos mentonianos sin reticulaciones, el área es clara con distribución igual de pigmento-4
2.
3
3.
Dorsal surface of head brown with marks tending to form radiating symmetrical pattern; belly cream anteriorly and black ret iculatum posteriorly Dorsal surface of head yellowish brown with isolated small spots, belly yellowflavimaculatum Ish
3-
Dorsocef ál ico pardo con marcas que tienden a formar una radiación simétrica; vientre cremoso anteriormente y negro posterioi ret iculatum mente Dorsocef al ico amarillo pardo con manchas amarillento aisladas; vientre f lav imaculatum
4.
Femoral pores 13-15; one pair of postparietals which may be partly sutured; first loreal higher than posterior nasalobscurum Femoral pores I6-I8; no trace of postparietals or partial sutures; first loreal lower than posterior nasal oph iophthalmum
4.
Poros femorales 13-15; "" Pai" de postparietales que puede estar parcialmente suturado; primer ioreal más alto que el obscurum nasal posterioi Poros femorales I6-I8; no hay trazos de postparietales ni de suturas parciales; primer loreal más bajo que el nasal oph iophthalmum posterior
Lep dophyma i
f
lav imaculatum
f
lav imaculatum Duméril
TypeSmith, in Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1863: 154, pl. 21. I863 Poriodogaster Gray locality: Unknown. Mex . , Rept., 5: 3O6, pl. 20, figs. 1878 Lepidophvma fia v macula tum -^Bocourt . Miss. Se 2a-2g. 1963 Lepidophyma flavimaculatum fia v macula tum- Savaqe Contr. Se . Los Angeles Co. Mus., 71 = i
i
i
i
i
Distribution:
Southern Mexico to Guatemala.
.
,
i
163
LEPIDOPHYMA
Lep idophyma flay maculat urn obscurum Barbour i
Type1524 Lep dophynia flay imacula turn obscurum Barbour, Proc. New England Zool. Club, '): 10. Río ChilibriUo, Panama. locality: Type-locality: 1555 Lep dophyma anomalum Taylor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 37' 55"» "fig- 1^Los Diamantes, Guápiles, Limón Province, Costa Rica. Los Angeles Co. Mus., IX: 35* 1563 Lep dophyma flavimaculatum obscurum Savage, Contr. Sc i
i
—
i
Distribution:
? Lep
idophyma
f
!
.
Costa Rica and Panama.
lav imaculatum
cppi
ioplithalmum Taylor
TypeLepidophyma oph iophthalmum Taylor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 37= 558, fig. I5. Five km north-northeast of Tilaran, Guanacaste Province, Costa Rica. locality: imaculatum oph ophthalmum Wermuth, Das 80: Tierreich, I56. 71565 Lep dophyma flay 19'5'5
—
i
i
Distribution:
Known only from type locality.
Savage, Contr. Sci. Los Angeles Co. Mus., 7I, I563, 32, indicated that this taxon and Comment: ret cula t urn Taylor were "members of the flay macula turn group", but he omitted both names from his summary classification on p. 35- Wermuth, Das Tierreich, 80, 1565» l?^, indicated both taxa as subspecies of f lav imaculatum , but with a question marl< to indicate doubt as Savage's intent is not clear, and we are most dubious to the legitimacy of his action. as to the proper placement of the two taxa, but we follow Wermuth and retain the query. i
i
VLepidophyma flavimaculatum ret icula
turn
Taylor
1555 Lep idophyma ret iculatum Taylor, Univ. Kansas Sc . Bull., 37= 551> f'G- !"• Agua Buena, Puntarenas Province, Costa Rica. 71565 Lep dophyma flavimaculatum ret cala turn Wermuth. Das Tierreich, 80: I56. !
Distribution: Comment:
Lep dophyma i
Type-locality:
i
i
Known only from type locality.
See comment under oph iophthalmum Taylor.
f
lav imaculatum sm th i
i
i
Bocourt
Tehuantepec and Type-locality: IB76 Lep idophyma Sm th Bocourt, Jour. Zool. Paris, 5= *02. western Guatemala; restricted to Mazatenango, Such tepequez, Guatemala, by Smith and Taylor, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., I55, I55O, I52. TypeI878 Akleistops quatemalensis Müller, Verh. Naturforsch. Ges. Basel, 6: 350, pis. 1-2. locality: Mazatenango, Guatemala. Bull., 37 1555 Lep idophyma maculatum Taylor (in error for flay imaculatum ) . Univ. Kansas Sci. i
i
i
i
=
545.
1963 Lepidophyma flavimaculatum smith!
Distribution:
i
— Stuart,
Misc.
Publ.
Mus.
Zool,
Low elevations of Pacific slope from eastern Chiapas,
Univ.
Mich.,
122:
$8.
Mexico, to El Salvador.
164
**
"^
REPTILIA: SAURIA: TEIIDAE
LEPOSOMA
LEPOSOMA Splx 1825 leposoma Sp!x, Spec. Nov. Lacert. Bras.: 24, pi. 2/, fig. 2. Type-species; teposoma sci ncoi des Spix. I83O Lep dosoma Wagler, Nat. Syst. Amph.: 157Type-species: Leposoma sc neo des Spix. Type-species: Leposoma sci nco ides Spix. I845 Lep isoma Gray, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: 60. 1868 Loxophol s Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1868: JO^. Type-species: Loxophol is ruqiceps Cope. Mi onyx par ietale Cope. Type-species; I885 Mi onyx Cope, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc, 23: 96. Type-species: Hvlosaurus percarinatus Müller. 1523 Hylosaurus Müller, Zool. Anz., 57= 1^5i
i
i
i
Distribution: Content;
Costa Rica to southern Brazil.
Seven species, according to most recent revision, by Ruibal, Bull. Mus. Comp.
Zool.,
106,
1562.
Clave de especies
Key to the species 1.
2.
3.
Frontonasal longitudinally divided Frontonasal si ngle
2
1.
Frontonasal longitudinalmente dividido Frontonasal un ico
2.
Pregulares convexas, posteriormente puntiagudas, ventrales no en hileras longitudinales-
4
Pregulars convex, posteriorly pointed; ventrals not in longitudinal rows 3 Pregulars flat and quadrangular, ventrals in south! longitudinal rows Interparietal neither longer nor broader than parietals; third pair of postmentals in contact with lower labials sc nco des nterpar ietal longer and broader than parietals; third pair of postmentals separated annectans from lower labtals i
2 4
3
Pregulares planas y cuadrangulares; en hileras longitudinales 3-
i
ventrales south
i
interparietal ni más largo ni ancho que los parietales; tercer par de posmentales en contacto cen los nf palab iales sc inco ides Interparietal mas largo y ancho que los parietales; tercer par de posmentales separado de annectans los inf ralab iales por una escam ta i
I
i
4.
Scales on side of neck not shaped like dorsals; 32-39 scales from parietals to posterior margin of hind limbs 5 Scales on side of neck keeled, imbricate and shaped like dorsals; 27-3I scales from pai ietals to posterior margin of hind limbs
4.
— 5
Escamas de los lados del cuello quilladas, imbricadas y de contorno como las dorsales; 27-31 escamas desde los parietales al margen posterior de los muslos ruq iceps
ruq iceps 5.
6.
Five preanal scales, median preanal smaller than other preanal scales; body color not uniform Five preanal scales, median preanal elongate; female with uniform body
much female 6
5-
Escamas preanales cinco, preanal mediana mucho más pequeña que las otras escamas preanales; hembra sin color uniformeEscamas preanales cinco, preanal mediana grande elongada; hembra de color uniforme qu ianense
6.
Una cinta oscura lateral e irregular de una a dos escamas de ancho extendida en la cola donde está bordeada debajo por una cinta blanca originada en la inserción de la extremidad posterior; 36~39 escamas de las parietals al margen posterior de las extremidades pos-
large, color - qu ianense
Irregular dorsolateral dark stripe one or two scales wide, extending onto tail where it is bordered below by white stripe originating at insertion of hind limb; 36~39 scales from parietals to posterior margin of hind limbs percar natum A dark lateral band 4-5 scales wide; no white stripe on tail; 32-3^ scales from parietals to posterior margin of hind limbs p ari etale
Escamas a los lados del cuello de contorno diferente a las dorsales; 32-39 escamas de los parietales al margen posterior de los muslos
i
teriores percar natum banda lateral oscura de cuatro a cinco escamas de ancho; no cinta blanca sobre la cola; 32-36 escamas de los parietales al margen posterior de las extremidades posteriopar etale res i
Una
—
i
LEPOSOMA ANNECTANS Ruibal 1952 Leposoma annectans Ruibal. Bull. Bahia, Brazil,
Distribution:
Mus. Comp.
Estado da Bahia, Brazil.
Zool.,
106:
486.
Type-locality:
Bahia, Estado da
165
LEPO SOMA
LEPOSOMA GUIANENSE Ruibal 1552
Leposoma quianense Ruibal, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 106: Demerara River, Guyana.
Distribution:
485,
figs.
1-2.
Type-locality:
Dunoon,
Guyana and French Guiana.
LEPOSOMA PARIETALE (Cope) 1885 MIonyx parietalis Cope, Proc. Amer. Phil. See, 23: 56. Ruibal, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 106: 1952 Leposoma parietale
—
Distribution:
Type-locality:
Pebas, Peru.
452.
Amazonian region of Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.
LEPOSOMA PERCARINATUM (Müller)
Type-locality: Peixeboi, Estado do Para, 1523 Hylosaurus percarinatus Müller, Zool. Anz., 57' 1*6. Brazil. 1923 Leposoma taeniata Noble, Zoológica, 3= 3^3Type-locality: Kartabo, British Guiana. Type-locality: Inirida River, southern 1925 Hylosaurus mueller Mertens, Senckenberg iana, 7: ](>• Venezuela. Burt and Burt, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 6I: 349. 1931 Leposoma percarinatum 1952 Leposoma percarinatum Ruibal, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 106: 49O. i
— —
Distribution:
Northeastern South America,
Guyana,
in
Venezuela and Brazil.
LEPOSOMA RUGICEPS (Cope) 1869 LoxoDholis ruqiceps Cope. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc . Phila., 1868: 3O5. Type-locality: Magdalena, Colombia. 1880 Leposoma dispar Peters, Monats. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1880: 21/, pi. 3O9, fig. 2-2c. locality: Caceres, Cauca, Colombia. 1952 Leposoma ruqiceps Ruibal, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 106: 487. i
RTo
Type-
—
Distribution;
Colombia north and east of Andes; Panama.
LEPOSOMA SCINCOIDES Spix 1825 Leposoma scincoides Spix. Spec. Nov. Lacert. Bras.: 24, pi. 27, fig. Rio Amazon, Braz 1. 1962 Leposoma sci nco des Ruibal, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 106: 48$. i
i
Distribution:
2.
Type-locality:
Banks of
—
Northern and central Brazil.
LEPOSOMA SOUTH! Ruthven and Gaige 1924 Leposoma south Ruthven and Gaige, Occ. Progreso, Chiriqui Province, Panama. i
Distribution: Content:
Pap. Mus.
Univ.
Mich., 147:
1.
Type-locality:
Panama to Costa Rica.
Two subspecies.
Key to the subspecies 1.
Zool.
Clave de subespecies
Seven dorsal scale rows; guiar scales smaller and more numerous; third chin shield single; 26 scales around middle of body; femoral pores 7-7 south Five dorsal scale rows; guiar scales larger and fewer in number (2-4 rows); third chin shield replaced by two scales; scales around middle of body fewer than 26; femoral pores 4-4 - orientalis i
1.
Siete filas de escamas dorsales; escamas guiares pequeñas y numerosas; tercer escudo mental único; 26 escamas al medio del cuerpo; poros femorales 7-7 southi Cinco filas de escamas dorsales; escamas guiares mayores en numero bajo (2-4 filas): tercer escudo mental reemplazado por dos escamas; escamas al medio del cuerpo menos ¿g 26; poros femorales 4-4 orientalis
166
LEPOSOMA
Leposoma south!
south!
Ruthven and Gaige
Type-local !ty: 1545 Leposoma b !secta Taylor, Un!v. Kansas Sc!. Bull., 33= 275. Pacif!c slope, Costa R!ca. Taylor, Un!v. Kansas Sc!. Bull., 37: 546. south! iq'i'5 Leposoma south!
El
General,
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;
Panama to Costa R!ca.
Distr ibut !on:
Leposoma south 19'i'i
!
or ental i
i
s
Taylor
Leposoma south! orlental!s Taylor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., Volio, LimĂłn Province, Costa Rica.
37'-
5''6.
Type-locality:
Known from type locality; Taylor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 38, 195^, 238, Distribution: indicates that specimens from Suretl<a, Costa Rica, also belong to this subspecies.
167
REPTILIA: AMPHISBAENIA: AMPHISBAENIDAE
"A
^ "k
LEPOSTERNON
Prepared by Carl Cans, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York
LEPOSTERNON Wagler in Spix, Sp. Nov. Serp. Bras.: JO, Type-species: Leposternon icrocephalus Wagler. Leptostermon Gray (emendation of Leposternon Wagler), Thomson's Ann. Phil., (2) 10: 204. Lep dosternon Wagler (emendation of Leposternon Wagler). Nat. Syst. Amph.: 157* Cephalopeltis Müller. Zeits. fur Physiol., 4 (2), art. I5: 256. Type-species: Cephalopelt s cuvi er Müller. Leposternum Agassiz (emendation of Leposternon Wagler), Nomenclátor Zoologici Index Universalis:
1824 Leposternon Wagler,
1825 I83O I832
i
i
i
I847
iti
i
205.
I865 Sphenocephalus Gray (preoccupied by Sphenocephalus Fitzinger, I843), Proc. Zool. Soc. London, Gray, Type-species: Lep dosternon Gray I865! 452» i
Distribution: Content:
i
i
Southern Brazil, Paraguay, and northern Argentina.
Six species.
Comment: Detailed information on the new synonymies to be found in this account will be published elsewhere by the author of this section. The key below was prepared with the aid of Carlos G. Diefenbach.
Key to the species
Clave de especies
1.
Only two rows of enlarged scales on dorsum of head, rostronasal, followed by azygous shield, which may or may not be followed by fringe of much smaller segments in the occipital region; suture pattern simple; pectoral region covered with large, geometrically 2 regular shields Three or more rows of enlarged shields on dorsum of head, suture pattern often complex; pectoral region divided or not 3
1.
Sólo dos hileras de escamas ensanchadas en parte dorsal de la cabeza, la rostronasal, seguida de escudo azygos puede estar seguida o no por un fleco de segmentos mucho más pequeños en la región occipital; diseño de suturas simple; región pectoral cubierta de es2 cudos grandes geométricamente regulares Tres o más hileras de escudos ensanchados en dorso de la cabeza, diseño de suturas a menudo complejo; región pectoral dividida o no 3
2.
Rostronasal followed by enormous azygous shield which covers nearly entire dorsal surface of head, narrowly fringed posteriorly by single row of much smaller segments; head shield strongly keratinized; both mental and postmental present; 253-3O5 postpectoral annuli
2.
Rostronasal seguido de un escudo azygos enorme que cubre casi toda la superficie dorsal de la cabeza, bordeada angostamente a posterior por una sola hilera de segmentos mucho más chicos; escudo de la cabeza densamente querat n zado; mental y postmental presentes; 253-3O5 anillos post pee tora les scut iqerum Rostronasal seguido de escudo azygos grande, flanqueado de prefrontales triangulares y temporales chicos; escudo cefálico no muy queratinizado; segmento mental-postmental único; octostequm 378 anillos postpectorales i
scut igerum Rostronasal followed by large azygous shield, flanked by triangular prefrontals and small temporals; headshields not significantly keratinized; single mental-postmental segment; 378 postpectoral annuli octostegum 3.
4.
First supralabial small, followed by large second and small third supralabial First supralabial large, followed by smaller second supralabial
3* 4
5
Azygous shield in contact with rostronasal; frontals and median temporals much larger than azygous, longer than wide and arranged linearly; infraocular absent; first infralabial small, followed by large second infralabial, arrangement of large pectoral shields reminiscent of hourglass; number of dorsal postpectoral annuli generally equal to or rarely up to 10 more than ventral number, adult snout vent length 2O5-432 mm polystequm (Second half of dichotomy on following page)
4.
i
Primer supralabial chico, seguido de segundo grande y tercero chico Primer supralabial grande seguido de segundo más chico
4
5
Escudo azygos en contacto con rostronasal; frontales y temporales medios mucho mayores que azygos, más largos que anchos y dispuestos linealmente; infraocular ausente; primer infralabial chico seguido de segundo infralabial grande; disposición de escudos pectorales grandes parecida a reloj de arena; nijmero de anillos postpectorales dorsales generalmente igual o, raramente hasta 10 más que el número de ventrales; longitud del adulto del hocico al ano 2O5-432 mm pol^ystequm (Segunda mitad de la dicotomía en la pagina si gu
iente)
168
LEPOSTERNON
4..
(Cont.) Azygous shield separated from rostronasal by wide suture between prefrontals; frontals about as wide as long, not significantly larger than azygous shield, temporals much smaller, infraocular generally present; first infralabial large; pectoral segments only slightly enlarged and rounded, sometimes with irregular longitudinal fusions; number of dorsal postpectoral annuli always 5~^5 higher than ventral number; adult snout-vent length 285-600 mm nf raorb ta le
4.
Escudo azygos separado del rostronasal por sutura ancha entre pref rontales; frontales aproximadamente tan anchos como largos, no notoriamente mayores que escudo azygos, temporales mucho menores; infraocular generalmente presente; primer infralabial grande; segmentos pectorales sólo ligeramente ensanchados y redondeados, a veces con fusiones longitudinales irregulares; número de anillos postpectorales dorsales siempre 5-^5 más que el número de ventrales; longitud hocico-ano de adultos 285600 mm nf raorb tale
Azygous always distinct; pectoral region covered by three or four pairs of elongate, regular shields which may fuse except for midline suture; number of dorsal and ventral postpectoral annuli about equal; 242-265 wucherer postpectoral annul Azygous often irregularly fused with adjacent head shields; one median pair of elongate pectoral shields, with other modified, possibly enlarged shields radiating from these anteriorly; 5"25 more dorsal than ventral postpectoral annuli, with increase greater in second, third and fourth fifths of trunk; m crocephalum 177-242 postpectoral annuli
5.
Azygos siempre distinto; región pectoral cubierta de tres a cuatro pares de escudos regulares, alargados que pueden estar fusionados excepto en la línea media; número de anillos postpectorales dorsales y ventrales aproximadamente igual; 242-265 anillos postpectoraleswucherer Azygos a menudo fusionado irregularmente con escudos cefálicos adyacentes; un par mediano de escudos pectorales alargados, con otros escudos modificados, posiblemente ensanchados que irradian de éstos hacia anterior; 5-^5 más anillos postpectorales dorsales que ventrales, con mayor incremento en segundo, tercer y cuarto quintos del tronco; 177-242 anillos post pee tora les m crocephalum
i
i
i
i
5.
i
i
i
i
i
LEPOSTERNON
I
NFRAORB TALE (Berthold) I
nf raorb tale Berthold, Nach. Ges. Wiss. I855 Lep dosternon Babia, Brazil. 1881 Lep dosternum rostra turn Strauch, Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Bahia, Brazil. locality: nf raorb tale Cans. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. 1567 Leposternon i
i
i
i
i
—
i
G'óttingen, St.
I7:
179-
Type-local ty:
Pltersbourg, 28: col. 99'
Hist.,
I35:
i
Type-
82.
Distribution: Mato Grosso, Goias, Pernambuco, Bahia, Espirito Santo, Minas Gerais, and Rio de Jane ro, Braz 1. i
LEPOSTERNON
i
Ml
CROCEPHALUM Wagler
1824 Leposternon m crocephalus Wagler, in Spix, Sp. Nov. Serp. Bras., 7O. Vicinity of Type-locality: Mandiocca village, near Orgaos mountain, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. 1825 A.[ mph sbaena j punctata Wied (substitute name for Leposternon mi crocephalus Wagler), Beitrage zur Naturgesch chte von Brasilien, 1: S^''» 1826 Leposternon m icrocephalum Fitzinger, Neue Classification der Reptilien: 53' I834 Lep dosternon Max im 1 ian Wiegmann (substitute name for Amph sbaena punctata Wied), Herpetologia Mexicana: 21. 1848 Lep dosternon macrocephalum Smith ( lapsus for Leposternon m icrocephalum Wagler, according to Cans, 1966), Illustrations of the Zoology of South Africa, I834-I845, pi. 67. Type-locality: Buenos Aires, 1839 Lep dosternon phocaena Duméril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., 5= 5'^7' Argent na. Type1881 Lep dosternon qünther Strauch, Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Pltersbourg, 28: col. 110. Unknown, but apparently Brazil, according to Strauch. locality: Type1881 Lep dosternon crassum Strauch, Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Petersbourg, 28: col. 106. local ty: Braz 1. 1881 Lepidosternon petersi Strauch. Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Petersbourg, 28: col. IO3. Typelocality: Brazil. Type-locality: Paraguay. I885 Lep dosternum Boulenqer Boettger, Zeits. fur Naturwiss., 58' 220. I885 Lep dosternum Strauch Paraguay. Boettger, Zeits. fur Naturwiss., 58' 221. Type-locality: I885 Lep dosternum af f ne Boettger, Zeits. fur I^aturwiss., ^8: 223. Type-locality: Paraguay. 1885 Lepidosternum onychocephalum Boettger, Zeits. fur Naturwiss., '^8: 224, Paraguay. Type-locality: I885 Lep dosternon boettger Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 466, pi. 24, figs, '^a.-'^d. Typelocality: Corrientes, Argentina. 1894 Lepidosternum latifrontale Boulenqer. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) 13: 345. Near Type-locality: Asuncion, Paraguay. i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
169
LEPOSTERNON
LEPQSTERNON
ICROCEPHALUM Waqler. continued
M
1855 Lepidosternum Borell 1 Peracca, Boll. Mus. Zool. Comp. Anat. Univ. Torino, 10 (155): 10, fig. Res istencia. Chaco of Argentina. Type-locality: 1855 Lep idosternum Cameran Peracca, Boll. Mus. Zool. Comp. Anat. Univ. Torino, 10 (155): 12, fig. Luque, Paraguay. Type-locality! 1504 Lepi dosternon laticeps Peracca, Boll. Mus. Zool. Comp. Anat. Univ. Torino, I5 (460): 3, 3 figs. Urucum, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Type-locality: 1504 Lepidosternon Carcani Peracca, Boll. Mus. Zool. Comp. Anat. Univ. Torino, I5 (460): 5, fig. Urucum, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Type-locality: Type-locality: 1510 Lepidosternon pfefferi Werner, Mitt. Naturhist. Mus. Hamburg, 27 (2): 35. Paraguay. I56O Leposternon mi crocephalum Hellm ich. Abh. Bayerischen Akad. Wiss., Math. Nat. Kl., new series, i
i_
—
101:
104.
Distribution:
Amazonian Brazil and Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, northern Argentina.
LEPOSTERNON OCTOSTEGUM (Oumeril) I85I L.[ epidosternon ] octostequm Dumlril, Cat. Mlth. Coll. Rept. Mus. Hist. Brazil. locality: 1567 Leposternon octostequm Gans, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 135= 82.
Nat.
Paris:
I50.
Type-
—
Distribution:
Known only from type and
a
specimen from Bahia, Brazil, recorded by Strauch, 1881.
LEPOSTERNON POLYSTEGUM (Oumeril) TypeI85I L.T epidosternon ] Polystequm Dumlril, Cat. Méth. Coll. Rept. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris: I45. Bahia, Brazil. locality: America?" "South Type-locality: 186S Lepidosternon qrayii Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, I865: 452. 1916 Leposternon polystequm Schmidt, Herpetolog ca, 1: 31' Lago Type-locality: I5S6 Leposternon polysteqo des Schmidt, Herpetolog ica, 1: 3I, pi. 3, fig. 4. Papary, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
—
i
i
Distribution:
Para, Rio Grande do Norte, Pernambuco, and Bahia, Brazil.
LEPOSTERNON SCUTIGERUM (Hemprich) Type-locality: 1825 Amphisbaena scutiqera Hemprich. Verh. Ges. Naturforsch. Freunde Berlin, 1: I25. Brazil. Wiegmann and Ruthe (substitute name for Amph isbaena scut iqera I83I L.[ ep dosternon ] Hemprich Hemprich), Handbuch der Zoologie: 186. Brazil. Type-locality: 1812 Cephalopeltis cuvieri Müller. Zeits. fur Physiol., 4 (2), art. I3: 256. I835 Lepidosternon scut iqerum Dumlril and Bibron, Erp. Gin., 5= 5^3' 1567 Leposternon scu t qerum Gans , Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 135= 83. i
i
—
i
Distribution:
i
Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
LEPOSTERNON WUCHERERI (Peters) Type1879 Lepidosternon Wuchereri Peters. Monats. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, I875: 276, pi., figs. 2-2c. Bahia, Brazil. locality: fig. Torino, 10 (200): Comp. Anat. Univ. 1, Zool. Mus. sinuosum Peracca, Boll. Lepidosternum 1855 Type-locality: Brazil. Amaral . Mem. Inst. Butantan, 11 (l337): 2O3. I5I8 Leposternon wucherer i
Distribution:
369-215
0—70-
—
Bahia, Espirito Santo and Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil.
170
Prepared by Roberto Donoso-Barros, L
****
IGUANIDAE
REPTILIA: SAURIA:
LIOLAEMUS
Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
lOLAEMUS Wiegmann
Type-spec ies: Calotes chiliensis Lesson. I834 Liolaemus Wiegmann. Herpetologia Mexicana: 18. Tropidurus n qromaculatus Wieqinann. Type-spec ies: 1843 Ptychode ira Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: I7. Proctotretus tenu is Duméril and Type-spec es: 1843 L ode ira Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: I7. Bibron. L iolaemus ( Sauridis ) modestus Type-spec ies: 1845 Sauridis Tscliudi, Arch. fUr Naturg., 2 (l): I56. Tschudi . 1845 Leiodera Gray (emendation of L iodeira Fitzinger), Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: 211. Chrysosaurus morio Gay. Type-species: 1848 Chrysosaurus Gay, Hist. Pis. Pol. Chile, Zool., 2: 47. None specified. Type-species: 1857 Rhytidodeira Girard. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc . Phila., I857: I58. None specified. Type-species: 1857 Eulaemus Girard. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc . Phila., I857: I98. specified. None Type-species: Ortholaemus Girard. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila,, 1857: I58. 1 857 i
i
i
i
i
South America between 25° and 55° south, in plateaus, mountains, and coast of Distribution: transandine countries, including Peru, Bolivia and Chile, all of Patagonia, Argentina, Paraguay, coastal Uruguay and southern Brazil.
Forty-seven species.
Content:
Clave de especies
Key to the species 1.
2.
Black antehumeral spot present Without antehumeral spot
2
1.
Con una mancha negra antehumeral Sin mancha antehumeral
2.
Una hilera de escamas entre labiales e infraorb tal 55 Más de una hilera de escamas entre labiales e
3
One row of scales between labials and infra-
orbital 55 More than one row of scales between labials and infra orb tal 5ó Two or more rows of scales between labials and 4 inf raorb tal Single row of scales between labials and
i
3.
^
infraorbital
7
Dorsal pattern not as below 5 Dorsal pattern with numerous small black spots, 1) some bordered with white (Fig. mult imaculatus
Fig.
1.
l^.
Flg.
3»
k-
occ
i
p
i
tal
is
o más series de escamas entre labiales inf raorb tal Una serie simple de escamas entre labiales nf raorb tal
Dos
i
4.
e 4
i
e 7
5 siguiente Diseño dorsal caracterizado por manchitas neblanco bordeadas de algunas de ellas gras, mult maculatus ^Fig. 1)
No como el
i
Fig.
mult imaculatus
5. Ventral scales larger than dorsals; more than 55 scales around middle of body; dorsal 6 pattern with median dorsal band Ventral scales smaller than dorsals; 45-5^ scales around middle of body; dorsal pattern 2)- wieamann ii without median dorsal band (Fig.
5^
i
i
4.
3
infraorbital
i
3.
2
5.
2.
1^.
w eomann i
i
i
Ventrales mayores que las dorsales; mas de 55 escamas al medio del cuerpo; diseño dorsal con 6 banda dorsal mediana Ventrales menores que las dorsales; 45-5^ escamas al medio del cuerpo; diseño dorsal sin 2) wiegmann banda dorsal mediana (Fig. i
i
171
LIOLAEMUS
Escamas entre los supracantales 8-5; region medio dorsal gris claro (Fig. 3); quillas de las escamas dorsales romas, algo irregulares; garganta con numerosas manchas oscuras-
Scales between upper canthals 8-5; middorsal keels of dorsal region light gray (Fig. 3) scales blunt, somewhat irregular; throat with occ p tal is numerous distinct dark spots Scales between upper canthals 4-5; middorsal 4); keels of region always dark brown (Fig. dorsal scales sharp and regular; throat lutzae immaculate
6.
Fewer than 45 scales around middle of body More than 45 scales around middle of body
7.
I7
Menos de 4$ escamas al medio del cuerpo Más de 45 escamas al medio del cuerpo
8.
Sides of neck not folded Sides of neck folded
5 11
Lados del cuello lisos Lados del cuello plegados-
5.
Fewer than J(> scales around middle of body; ground color not brown; longitudinal pale stripes absent or interrupted More than 36 scales around middle of body; ground color brown with two uninterrupted longitudinal pale stripes (Fig. 5 )
i
i
i
7.
gravenhorst
8
10
i
occi
i
i
i
6.
Fig,
5' k»
k" chili ens s
7-
n
i
i
t
i
dus . semiadult
8
17
i
i
magellan icus
L,
10. Escama timpánica ausente; color general verde manchada de con una ancha banda medio dorsal
negro (Fig. ] ); cintas longitudinales chili ens s interrumpidas Escama timpánica presente, color general no longitudinicintas mediana verde, sin banda ni tidus nales (Figs. 8-10^ i
^T Fig.
tal Is
gravenhorst
i
ground color green with broad, black-spotted middorsal band (Fig. 7 )> ch 1 ens is longitudinal stripes interrupted Tympanic scale present; ground color not green, lacking both median band and longitudinal n tidus stripes (Figs. 8-10-)
i
Menos de 36 escamas al medio del cuerpo; color general no pardo, cintas longitudinales 10 ausentes o interrumpidas Más de 36 escamas al medio del cuerpo; color cintas longitudinales general pardo con dos pálidas no interrumpidas (Fig. 5 )
Fig. 10. Tympanic scale absent;
D
Escamas entre los supracantales 4-5; region medio dorsal siempre café oscura (Fig. 4); quillas de las escamas dorsales agudas y regulutzae lares; garganta inmaculada
Flg.
8.
Fig.
10. k»
k'
n
i
n
t
i
idus ,
t
juvenile
idus , adult
172
LIOLAEMUS escamas dorsales no mucronadas; color general no pálido grisáceo 12 Cinco cintas claras dorsales con manchas negras cuadradas a cada lado; escamas dorsales mucronadas; color general pálido grisáceo (Fig. magellan icus 6)
(Figs. 11, 12); dorsal scales not mucronate; ground color not 12 pale gray ish Five dorsal pale stripes with blacl< squarish spots on each side; dorsal scales mucronate; 6) ground color pale grayish (Fig. maqellan icus
11. Sin cinco cintas dorsales claras;
dorsal scales strongly imbricate; azygous frontal present; ventral scales smaller than dorsals 13 Unicolor, no dorsal pattern; dorsal scales subabsent; frontal ventral imbricate; azygous modestus scales same size as dorsals
12. Con
11. Lacks five dorsal pale stripes
12. Some dorsal pattern present;
14
13. With vertebral black line (Fig. ll) No vertebral bla'ck line (Fig. 12)
Fig.
11.
t.
grac
i
1
i
diseño dorsal; escamas dorsales fuertemente imbricadas; azygos frontal presente, escamas ventrales menores que dorsales 13 Sin diseño dorsal; escamas dorsales subimbricadas; azygos frontal ausente; escamas ventrales modestus igual tamaño que dorsales
13. Con una línea vertebral
negra (Fig. ll) Sin línea vertebral negra (Fig. 12)
15
Fig.
s
sides of neck without longitudinal fold; dorsal light stripes wider al t color poster iorly Temporal scales keeled; sides of neck with longitudinal fold; dorsal light stripes not grac 1 s wider posteriorly (Fig. ll)
14. Temporal scales smooth;
J_.
15
lemn scatus i
temporales lisas; lados del cuello sin pliegues longitudinales; cintas dorsales claalt icolor ras dilatadas posteriormente Escamas temporales guilladas; lados del cuello con un pliegue longitudinal; cintas dorsales claras no dilatadas posteriormente (Fig. 11)
14. Escamas
i
i
12.
14
—
i
grac 15. More than 35 scales around middle of body
I6
Fewer than 35 scales around middle of body robertmertensi 16. Scales on middle of back larger than those on
15. Más de 35 ^^'^^'"^^ ^-l- iTedio del cuerpo Menos de 35 escamas al medio del cuerpo
i
1 is
16
robertmertens 16.
sides of belly; lower surface white lemn scatus Scales on middle of back not larger than those on sides of belly; lower surface green or blue cyanoqaster
i
i
Escamas del medio de la espalda mayores que aquéllas de los lados del vientre; superficie lemn iscatus inferior blanca Escamas del medio de la espalda no mayores que aquéllas de los lados del vientre; superficie cyanogaster inferior verde o azul
17. Dorsal pattern of spots not connected by longitud nal stripes Not as above
18 23
ly.líiseño dorsal formado por manchas no conectadas 18 con cintas longitudinales No como el anterioi 23
18. Dorsal spots and scales not as below
15
18. Escamas dorsales y manchas no como el
i
Dorsal spots resemble Arabic letters (Pig. 14); most dorsal scales smooth s gn fer i
i
15
Las manchas dorsales parecen letras árabes (pig. 14); mayoría de las escamas dorsales son 1
Fig.
13.
L.
rothi
siguiente
s ion if er
isas
Fig.
14.
J..
s
i
gn fer i
173
LIOLAEMUS
spots not disposed
19. Dorsal
in
15. Manchas dorsales no dispuestas en hileras
transverse rows
20 transversales Manchas dorsales dispuestas en filas transverrothi sales (Fig. 13)
20
Dorsal spots disposed
in
13)
transverse rows (Fig. notki
nooceladas; sinl'nea vertebral oscura -21 Manchas oceladas como piel de leopardo; por lo menos una corta línea oscura paravertebral leopardinus
20. Spots not ocellated;
no vertebral darl< line--21 Dorsum patterned with ocelli; at least one leopard! nus short, darl< paravertebral line
20. Manchas
21. Spots regularly disposed in dorsal longitudinal rows; fewer than ]0 scales around middle of
21. Manchas
regularmente dispuestas en hileras longitudinales dorsales; menos de 7^ escamas al 22 medio del cuerpo Manchas dispuestas irregularmente (Fig. 15), excepto en juveniles (Fig. I6); más de ]0 escamas alrededer del medio del cuerpo mu It form s
22 body Spots irregularly disposed (Fig. 15), except in juveniles (Fig. l6); more than 7O scales mult if orm s around middle of body i
i
Fig.
15.
L.
i
mult iformis . adult Fig.
ear opening with prom nent scales 57 With vertebral white line (Fig. I7); ear opening without prominent scales neomaculatus 1
22. Without white vertebral line; i
22. Sin
16.
J^.
1
i
neomaculatus
línea blanca vertebral; oído con escamas
prominentes
57
Con una línea vertebral blanca (Fig. I7); oído 1 ineomacula tus sin escamas prominentes
i
than 75 scales around middle of body Fewer than 75 scales around middle of body
23. More
24. With patch border of
of
24
33
enlarged scales on posterior
25 thigh Without patch of enlarged scales on posterior 26 border of thigh
25. More than
80 scales around middle of body;
frequently black guiar spot present, sometimes ring-like, occasionally fused with ventral melanism; dorsal scales keeled; also see Fig. f tz nger ig Fewer than 80 scales around middle of body; no black guiar spot or ventral melanism; dorsal scales weakly keeled or smooth; also see Fig. i
i
i
i
23. Más de 75 escamas al medio del cuerpo Menos de 75 escamas al medio del cuerpo
24. Con un parche de escamas agrandadas en el borde
25 posterior del muslo Sin parche de escamas agrandadas en el borde 26 posterior del muslo 25. Más de 80 escamas al medio del cuerpo; frecuentemente una mancha negra guiar a veces como anillo, ocasionalmente fusionada con el mela-
nismo ventral; escamas dorsales guilladas; f itzinqerii tambiln ver Fig. 1? Menos de 80 escamas alrededor del medio del tampoco ni cuerpo; no hay mancha negra guiar melanismo ventral; escamas dorsales muy débilornatus mente guilladas; también ver Fig. 18
orna tus
18
Fig.
18.
L.
24
33
ornatus Fig.
19.
174
LIOLAEMUS
26. Without dorsal pattern
27 28
With distinct dorsal pattern 27. Head blacl<, contrasting with body color (Fig.
27.
belly reddish; 100 scales around midbodykr ieq Head same color as body} belly not reddish; fewer than 100 scales around midbody mult if orm is 20);
i
28. Dorsal pattern characterized by median dorsal band limited by two light paravertebral stripes (Fig. 2l) 25 Dorsal pattern without median dorsal band (Fig. 24) 32
20.
Fig.
kr
l_.
diseño dorsal Con diseño dorsal diferenciado
26. Sin
Cabeza negra contrasta con color corporal (Fig. 20); vientre rojizo; 100 escamas al medio del i<r eq cuerpo Cabeza igual color que cuerpo; vientre no 100 escamas medio rojizo; menos de al del mult if orm is cuerpo i
banda medio dorsal, limitada por dos cintas paravertebrales claras (Fig. 2l) 25 Diseño dorsal sin banda medio dorsal (Fig. 24)32
Fig.
in
21.
i
31
Dorsal band with lateral projections, sometimes fused with dark color of flanks (Fig. 22) elonqatus in zig-zag pattern; dorsally spotted with green, yellow or blue (Fig. 23)
31. Dorsal band
p
—
ictus
Dorsal band not zig-zag patterned; no colored spots elonqatus
L.
veces en zig-zag 3"
buerger
i
3'^'^a"'^^ dorsal no conectada con el color de los flancos 31 Banda dorsal con proyecciones laterales a veces flancos fusionadas con el color oscuro de los elonqatus (Fig. 22)
31. Banda dorsal en zig-zag; manchado dorsalmente de amarillo, verde o azul (Fig. 23) p ictus Banda dorsal no en zig-zag; no hay manchitas de
elonqatus
color
23.
L.
pictus
elonqatus
32. Flanks with black patch; limbs of normal length No black patch on flank;
limbs very short
a
i
Banda dorsal no festoneada (Fig. 2l)
Fig.
22.
buerqer
3"
30. Dorsal band not connected with color on flanks-
Fig.
L.
25. Banda dorsal festoneada,
zig-
buerqer
i
28. Diseño dorsal caracterizado por una
i'eqi
25.With festooned dorsal band, sometimes zag pattern Dorsal band not festooned (Fig. 2l)
27 28
dorsal scales keeled; mont icola dorsal scales smooth; r» bal i
i
bloques negros; escamas dorsales guilladas; extremidades de longitud normal mont icola Flancos sin bloques negros; escamas dorsales lisas; extremidades muy cortas ro bal
32. Flancos con
i
i
L75
LIOLAEMUS
33-Withou't distinct dorsal pattern-
With distinct pattern dorsally
33- Dofsalmente sin diseño diferenciado
JA
Oorsalmente con diseño diferenciado
35
34. Ground color brown with reddish flanks (Fig.
25); fewer than 53 scales around midbody paul nae Ground color salt-and-pepper, without reddish fiantes; more than 53 scales around midbody i
lorenzmueller
i
34. Color general pardo con flancos rojizos (Fig. 25); menos de 53 escamas alrededor del medio del cuerpo paul nae Color general sal y pimienta sin flancos rojizos; mas de 53 escamas al medio del cuerpo i
lorenzmueller
Fig.
24.
L.
ruibal
Fig.
i
35'Dorsal pattern of two light paravertebral stripes with black margins; ground color olive brown or greenish 3^ Dorsal pattern and ground color not as above 46
37'Vertebral line absent Vertebral line present (Fig. 26)
Fig.
26.
L.
b
i
bron
i
37 35 3^
b
ibron
more than around midbody; dorsal band with borders Cervical fold not V-shaped; fewer scales around midbody; vertebral angulate borders (Fig. 27J
i
i
5O scales parallel cyanogaster
than 5" band with
schroederi
41
40. More than 65 scales around midbody; head boulenger scales equal in size Fewer than 65 scales around midbody; head chacoens s scales of different sizes i
i
Fig.
28.
L.
boulenger
i
')G
46
anterioi
paravertebrales claras sin hileras de manchas negras 37 Cintas claras paravertebrales con hileras de manchas negras lateralmente (Figs. 28, 25) 39
—
37«l-fnea vertebral ausente
3^
Línea vertebral presente (Fig. 26)
Fig.
40
35. Without azygous frontal With azygous frontal
paul nae
35'Diseño dorsal caracterizado por dos cintas claras paravertebrales con márgenes negros; color general pardo oliváceo o verdoso Diseño dorsal y color general no como el
i
38. Cervical fold V-shaped;
i^.
36. Cintas
36. Light paravertebral stripes without rows of
black spots Light paravertebral stripes with rows of lateral black spots (Figs. 28, 2<))
25.
27. L-
b
i
bron
i
i
schroederi
más de 'jO escamas al medio del cuerpo; banda dorsal con bordes cyanogaster paralelos Pliegue cervical no en V; menos de 5^ escamas alrededor del medio del cuerpo; banda vertebral con bordes angulados (Fig. 27 -schroeder
38. Pliegue cervical en V;
)
40
frontal Con azygos frontal
39. Sin azygos
*1
escamas boulenger cefálicas del mismo tamaño escacuerpo; medio del Menos de 65 escamas al mas de la cabeza de diferente tamaño chacoens is
40. Más de 65 escamas al medio del cuerpo;
i
Fig.
25. k-
chacoens
is
176
LIOLAEMUS
41. Without broad pigmented vertebral band
42
With broad black vertebral band
42. Vertebral line present (Fig. 30) Vertebral line absent (Fig. 31) 43. Posterior border of
i
Fig.
vertebral presente (Fig. 3^^) L'nea vertebral ausente (Fig. 3I)
thigh with protruding row b bron thigh; belly f uscus
30.
L.
i
escamas sobresalientes; vientre blanco b bron Sin hilera de escamas sobresalientes en los muslos; vientre rojizo fuscus i
Fig.
44. Not as below 45 Two rows of squarish spots on each side of paravertebral stripes; patch of enlarged scales on posterior femoral border (Fig. 3^)
darwi
n
i
contrast-
p ictus Dorsal band brown, flanks not darker; lateral stripes inconspicuous (juvenile) paul nae i
46. Dorsal pattern formed by transverse bars fused in vertebral region (Fig. 3^) 47 Dorsal pattern formed by transverse bars that do not fuse in vertebral region 48
47. Tail equal to head-body length; lateral scales on neck not granular; five supraoculars- k no i
Tail longer than head-body length; lateral scales on neck granular; fewer than five supraoculars n grov ir i
i
31.
L.
darwini
32.
L.
como el siguiente 45 Dos hileras de manchas cuadriláteras a cada lado de las cintas paravertebrales; parche de escamas agrandadas en el borde femoral posterior (Fig. 31) darw n
i
i
i
34)
di s
50
pálida, con las cintas claras muy contrastadas por los flancos oscuros (juvenil) p ctus Banda dorsal parda, flancos no más oscuros: cintas laterales apenas visibles (juvenil) paúl nae i
i
46. Diseño dorsal formado por barras transversales fusionadas en la región vertebral (Fig. 32)-47
del mismo largo que cabeza-tronco; escamas laterales del cuello no granulares; cinco supra oculares k ng Cola más larga que cabeza-tronco; escamas laterales del cuello granulares; menos de cinco supra oculares n qrov ir di s i
Fig.
line; ground color greenish black; transverse bars arranged in reticulum; belly white (subspecies n qroroseus is redd sh) n grov r di Long vertebral line which reaches sacrum; ground color pale brown; transverse bars not reticulated (Fig. 33); belly reddish i
33- k-
45 50
3*)
constanzae
vertebral corta; color general verde negruzco; barras transversales dispuestas como vientre blanco (salvo en subespecies n qroroseus que es rojizo) n qrov r d s Línea vertebral larga; color general pardo claro; barras transversales no dispuestas como una red (Fig. 33); vientre rojizo constanzae una red;
s
constanzae
i
i
45. Línea
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
45. Banda dorsal
i
45. Short vertebral
i
i
Diseño dorsal formado por barras transversales no unidas en la región vertebral 48
45
kinqi
i
44. No
48. L'nea vertebral presente No hay línea vertebral (Fig.
Fig.
i
47. Cola
48. Vertebral
line present Vertebral line absent (Fig.
43 44
43. Borde posterior de los muslos con una hilera de
i
fuscus
45. Dorsal band pale brown; light stripes ing with dark brown flanks (juvenile)
53
42. Línea
"**
i
42
Con una banda vertebral ancha pigmentada de negro
43
of scales; belly white No row of protruding scales on
redd sh
41. Sin banda vertebral ancha y pigmentada
53
i
i
i
i
i
i
177
LIOLAEMUS
50. Sin parche de escamas ensanchadas 5^ Con un parche de escamas ensanchadas en el qoetsch border posterior de los muslos
50. Without patch of enlarged scales on posterior 51 border of thigh With patch of enlarged scales on posterior
goetsch
border of thigh
i
i
51. Menos de cinco supraoculares y ocho suprala-
five supraoculars and eight supralabials 52 Five supraoculars and eight supralab ials; also dorbiqnyi see Fig. 35
b ales Cinco supraoculares bién ver Fig. 35
51. Fewer than
Fig.
L-
3''-
qoetsch
52
i
y.
ocho supralabiales; tamdorb ignyi
i
52. More than 65 scales around middle of body;
ground color grayish or blacl< with small green, yellow or blue spots; adpressed hind limb reaches area between eye and snout- tenu s Fewer than 65 scales around middle of body; ground color light brown with green or blue spots (Fig. 36); adpressed hind limb reaches plate area between ear opening and eye
Fig.
35- L'
dorb gny
i
i
i
color general gris o negro con manchitas verdes, amarillas o azules; extremidad hacia adelante tenu is alcanza delante del ojo Menos de 65 escamas alrededor del medio del cuerpo; color general pardo claro con manchiextremidad postas verdes o azules (Fig. 3^ terior hacia delante sobrepasa el oído plate
52. Más de 65 escamas al medio del cuerpo;
1
53. Vertebral
band with
irregular black markings --54 irregular black markings
Vertebral band without
p
vertebral con dibujos negras Banda vertebral sin dibujos negras
53. Banda
Fig.
36.
L.
—
j
ictus
e
impresiones
e
impresiones
i
5* P
ictus
platei
54. Dorsum with longitudinal line and lateral triangles usually in contact with it (Fig.
Fig.
37); vertebral band brown; ^2 scales around f tzgerald middle of body If lateral pattern present, usually not in contact with longitudinal line; vertebral band greenish; fewer than 5^ scales around middle al t iss imus of body i
i
55.Two rows of black spots on each side of lateral stripes; ground color brown; posterior border of thigh with patch of enlarged scales darwi ni
i
Without rows of black spots on each side of lateral stripes; ground color not brown; no patch of enlarged scales on thigh n igromaculatus
37.
L.
f
itzgeraldi
de la banda vertebral formado por pequeños triángulos que contactan interiormente en una línea longitudinal (Fig. 37); banda vertebral parda; 52 escamas al medio del cuerpo
54. Dibujo
f tzoerald Dibajo central no contacta con ninguna línea longitudinal; banda vertebral verdosa; menos de 52 escamas alrededor del medio del cuerpo alt issimus i
i
—
55.Dos hileras de manchas negras a cada lado de las cintas laterales; color general pardo; borde posterior de los muslos con una placa de darwin escamas agrandadas Sin hileras de manchas negras a cada lado de las cintas laterales; color general no pardo; no hay parche de escamas agrandadas en los n gromaculatus muslos i
i
i
178
LIOLAEMUS
56. Two rows of
crescent-shaped spots on back; 45I
i
scales equal to or smaller than dorsals; no patch of enlarged scales on posterior border of thigh; fewer than six supraoculars; panther nus also see Fig. 38 Ventral scales larger than dorsals; patch of enlarged scales on posterior border of thigh; more than six supraoculars; also see Fig. 39
57> Ventral
i
—
mocquard
hileras de manchas semilunares al medio del dorso; 45-5^ escamas alrededor del cuerpo w iegmann Espalda densamente manchada de negro; 60 escamas al medio del cuerpo mult imaculatus
56. Dos
w ieqmann Back densely black-spotted; more than 60 scales mult imaculatus around mi dbody
54 scales around midbody
i
i
i
57-Escamas ventrales de mismo tamaño que las dorsales; no hay parches de escamas agrandadas en el borde posterior de los muslos; menos de seis supraoculares; también ver Fig. 33 panther inus Escamas ventrales mayores que las dorsales; un parche de escamas agrandadas en el borde posterior de los muslos; más de seis supraoculares; también ver Fig. 35 mocquard i
Fig.
38. k»
panther nus
'^'9-
i
35- k-
mocquard
i
LIOLAEMUS ALTICOLOR Barbour New England Zool. Club,
1505 Liolaemus alticolor Barbour, Proc. Tihauanacu, Bolivia, 13,100 ft.
41)
Fig.
7
5-
Type-locality:
Clave de subespecies
More than 5^ scales around middle of body; pale stripes on back with black spots walkeri laterally (Fig. 40) Fewer than 5* scales around middle of body; pale stripes on back without black spots (Fig.
i
pl-
Two subspecies.
Key to the subspecies
L
Jlj
Altiplano of Chile, Bolivia, Peru and northern Argentina.
Distribution: Content:
1.
4:
alticolor
40.
L,
alt icolor walkeri
Más de 54 escamas al medio del cuerpo; cintas pálidas de la espalda con manchas walker negras lateralmente (Fig. 40) Menos de 5'' escamas al medio del cuerpo; cintas pálidas de la espalda sin manchas alt icolor negras (Fig. 4l) i
Fig.
41. k-
alt color alt icolor i
olaemus alt color alt icolor Barbour i
1904 Liolaemus lativittatus Werner, Hamburger Magalhaen sche Sammelreise, 1, Reptilien und Lo Chaparro, Valpara'so, Chile (in error). Type-locality: Batrachier: 8, figs. 3-4. 1561 Liolaemus alticolor alticolor Hellmich, Opuscula Zool., Zool. Staatsmus. Mú'nchen, 58: 2. 1566 L iolaemus alt icolor alt icolor Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: I58, fig. 33> col. pl. 17«
—
Distribution:
High Andes of Tarapacá, Chile;
Bolivia;
southern Peru;
is shown to be If the taxon lativittatus Werner. 1504, Comment: subspecies it will take priority over alt icolor Barbour, 1905'
a
northwestern Argentina.
valid synonym of this
179
LIOLAEMUS
iolaemus alt ¡color walker! Shreve
L
Peru; Type-locality; 71845 L.[ iolaemus ] eleqans Tschud!, Arch, fur Naturg., 11 (l); 157' further specified as Ctiancay, Peru, by Tschudi, Fauna Peruana, 1846, Ji. Type-locality: Acad. Sc 404. Jour. Washington 28: Shreve, , . 1538 L iolaemus walker Llocllapampa, Junin, Peru, about 10,000 ft. Hellmich, Opuscula Zool., Zool. Staats Mus. MUnchen, '^8: 1561 Liolaemus alticolor walkeri Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: 201, col. pi. ly. 1566 Liolaemus alticolor walkeri ¡
i
— —
Distribution: Comment: species,
High Andean plateaus of Jun'n
Peru and Antofagasta
in
the taxon eleqans Tschudi, 184$, is shown to be it will take priority over walkeri Shreve, 1538-
If
a
in
5»
Chile.
valid synonym of this sub-
LIOLAEMUS ALTISSIMUS MÜUer and Hellmich I860 Proctotretus modestas Philippi (preoccupied by modestus Tschudi, 1845), Reise durch die Wueste Provincia de Santiago, Chile. Type-locality: Atacama: I66. Fierro Carrera, Type-locality: 1932 Liolaemus alt issimus MtJUer and Hellmich, Zool. Anz., 98: I97. Río San Francisco, 2/00 m, near Cerro Plomo, Provincia Santiago, Chile.
Distribution: Content:
Cordilleran regions from 32° to 42°, Chile and Argentina.
Four subspecies.
Key to the subspecies
Clave de subespecies
1.
Lateral stripes present (Fig. 42) 2 Lateral stripes absent alt iss imus
1.
Cintas laterales presentes( Fig. 42/ 2 Cintas laterales ausentes alt iss imus
2.
Belly not black; fewer than 60 scales around m idbody 3 Belly black (Fig, 43); more than 60 scales around m idbody neuquens s
2.
Vientre no negro; menos de 60 escamas alrededor del medio del cuerpo 3 Vientre negro;(Fig. 43); más de 60 escamas al medio del cuerpo neuquens is
i
^
^
ig. 3.
4.
42.
L..
a.
neuquens
is
.
dorsum Fig. 43.
neuquens
L
Sides of body without black blotches; occipital band without red color Sides of body with black blotches (Fig. 44); occipital band reddish-olive araucan iens
Occipital band with rhomboidal spots not connected with vertebral line (Fig. 45) moradoens Occipital band with transverse lines connected with vertebral line (Fiq. i
Fig.
45. k-
S.»
moradoens
i
s
,
venter
Fig.
araucan ens
44. k» ^"
i
i
s
4.
Banda occipital con manchas romboidales no conectadas con línea vertebral (Fig. 45)
s
i
moradoens
is
alt ss imus
46)
s
Lados del cuerpo sin bloques negros; banda 4 occipital sin color rojo Lados del cuerpo con bloques negros (Fig. 44); banda occipital roja oliva araucan ens s
4
i
i
3.
i
is
Banda occipital con líneas transversales conectadas con una línea vertebral (Fig. alt ss imus 46) i
Fig.
46.
\-_.
a.
alt ss imus i
180
LIOLAEMUS
L
olaemus alt iss imus alt ss mus Müller and Hellmich i
i
i
iolaemus alt iss imus alt iss imus Müller and Hellmich, Zool. Anz., 5^: 137> figs- 1-2. 1532 1%6 Liolaemus altissimus altissimus Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: 255> col. pi. 18. L
—
Distribution:
L
olaemus alt iss imus araucan ens i
i
1532
L
1566
L
i
is
Müller and Hellmich Type-
iolaemus alt issimus araucan iensis Müller and Hellmich, Zool. Anz., 98: 2O5. Volcán Villarrica, Provincia Cautín, Chile, 1400 m. locality: Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: '}0^, olaemus alt ss mus araucan iensis i
i
Distribution:
L
High cordilleras of Provincia Santiago, Chile.
—
i
Cordillera de Cautín, Chile.
olaemus alt ss mus moradoens i
i
is
Hellmich
1950 Liolaemus altissimus moradoensis Hellmich, Veroff. Zool. Staatssamml. München, 1: 136, pi. Lo Valdls, Laguna de Morado, Volcán Morado, Provincia Type-locality: 11, figs. 22-23. Santiago, Chile, 2400 m. 1966 L iolaemus alt ss imus moradoens s Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: 3'^2, fig. 44, col. pl, i
i
—
19-
Distribution:
L
Volcán Morado, Provincia Santiago, Chile.
iolaemus alt iss imus neuguensis Müller and Hellmich 1939
L
iolaemus alt iss imus neuquens is Müller and Hellmich, Zool. Anz., 12$: 113» fig» Volcán Copahué, Provincia de Neuquén, Argentina, about 1800 m. locality:
Distribution:
LIOLAEMUS BIBRONI
i
!•
Type-
High Cordilleras', Provincia de Neuquén, Argentina.
(Bell)
Bell, Zoology of the Voyage of H.M.S. Beagle, 5, Reptiles: 6, pl. 3, fig. 1843 Proctotretus Bibroni Type-locality: Puerto Deseado, Patagonia, Argentina. Type-locality: Chile. 1845 Leiolaemus Belli! Gray. Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: 212. Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 146. 188S Liolaemus bibron Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: 204, fig. 3O, col. pl. 11. 1966 Liolaemus bibroni i
i
Distribution: t
L
i
1.
— — i
Patagonian regions of Argentina and Chile,
¡n
Cordillera to Mendoza Province
in
Argen-
na.
IOLAEMUS BOULENGERI Koslowsky
18q6 Liolaemus Boulenqeri Koslowsky. Rev. Mus. La Plata, 7= l?^, pl. 3Cordilleras de los Andes, Territorio de Chubut, Argentina. 1910 Liolaemus micropholis Werner. Zool. Jahrb., Abt. Syst. Geog. Biol. Chile (in error).
Distribution:
Type-locality: Tiere,
28:
268.
Near Las
Type-locality:
Middle elevations; Provincias Mendoza to Chubut, Argentina.
LIOLAEMUS BUERGER! Werner Iolaemus buerqer Werner, in Burger, Anales Univ. Chile, 1907- ^> Pl- 1» ^'9Planchón, Cordillera de Curlco, Provincia de Curicó, Chile. Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: 287, c°l' Pl- 21. 1966 Liolaemus buerqeri
1907
L
i
!•
Type-locality:
—
Distribution: Argent na. i
High mountains of Provincias de Curicó and Talca, Chile; 35
^o 42
in
cordillera of
181
LIOLAEMUS
L
lOLAEMUS CHACOENSIS Shreve
iolaemus chacoens is Shreve, Copela, Chaco, Paraguay. 1560 Llolaemus chacoensis Hellmich, Abh.
1548
1348:
L
—
111.
Type-locality:
Fortín Guachalla, Rio Pilcomayo,
Bayerische Akad. Wiss. New Ser., 101: 3^'
Known only from type locality.
Distribution:
LIOLAEMUS CHILIENSIS (Lesson) TypeI83O Calotes ch 1 ens is Lesson, in Duperrey, Voyage sur la Coquille, 2 (l): JS, pi. 1, fig. 2. Talcahuano, Provincia de Concepción, Chile. locality: Type-locality: I835 Tropi durus ol vaceus Wiegmann, Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop. -Carol. , I7: 268c. Chile. 1843 Liolaemus ch lens is Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: 751566 L iolaemus ch lens is Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: I7O, figs. 45, 60J col. pi. 8. i
i
i
— —
i
i
Distribution:
Lowlands of Coquimbo to Cautín provinces, Chile;
Neuquen, Argentina.
LIOLAEMUS CONSTANZAS Donoso-Barros Type-locality: 1561 L iolaemus constanzae Donoso-Barros, Copeia, I96I: J8') , fig. lb. Antofagasta, Chile, 3OOO m. Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: 239» col. pi. I7. 1566 L iolaemus constanzae
Peine,
—
Distribution:
San Pedro de Atacama Valley, Salar de Atacama, Peine, Antofagasta Province, Chile.
LIOLAEMUS CYANOGASTER (Oumlril and Bibron) I837 Proctotretus cyanoqaster Dumeril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., I885 L olaemus cyanoqaster
—
i
Distribution: Content:
L
27314$.
Type-locality:
Chile.
Concepción to Chiloe Island, Chile; Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapí, Argentina.
Clave de subespecies
Scales around midbody 58-6O; dorsal scales smooth or slightly keeled; also see Fig, brattstroem 4y Fewer than 5^ scales around midbody; dorsal scales strongly keeled; also see Fig. 48
Fig.
2:
Two subspecies.
Key to the subspecies 1.
4:
47. l^. cyanoqaster brat tstroem with outlines of body scales
i
1. Escamas al medio del cuerpo 58-60; escamas dorsales lisas o ligeramente guilladas; brattstro también ver Fig. 47 Menos de 58 escamas al medio del cuerpo; escamas dorsales fuertemente guilladas; también ver Fig. 48 cyanoqaster
—
i
Fig,
.
48. L.. cyanoqaster cyanoqaster . with outlines of body scales
iolaemus cyanoqaster cyanoqaster (Oumeril and Bibron)
1846 Proctotretus intermedius Dumeril, Voyage autour du Monde sur la Prégate La Venus, Atlas (1846): pi. 2, figs, la-d; text (I855): 29O. cyanoqaster Donoso-Barros, Copeia, I96I: 486. 1561 L.r iolaemus ] c.f" yanoqaster ] Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: 184, figs. 3*^» *5> 1966 L iolaemus cyanoqaster cyanoqaster
—
60; col.
Distribution:
pi.
—
10.
Concepción to Puerto Montt, Chile, Nahuel Huapí, Argentina.
182
LIOLAEMUS
L
iolaemus cyanoqaster brattstroem
i
Donoso-Barros
Typeiolaemus cyanoqaster brattstroemi Donoso-Barros, Copeia, I56I: 486, fig. 1. locality: Forest near Lechagua, Chiloé Island, Chile. cyanoqaster brattstroemi Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: fig. Liolaemus 1966 ^1 • 187,
1561
L
—
Chiloé Island, Chile.
Distribution:
LIOLAEMUS DARWIN
I
(Bell)
I
1843 Proctotretus Darwin Bell, Zoology of the Voyage of H.M.S. Beagle, 5> Reptiles: 14, pi. 1, figs. 1-2. Bahía Blanca, northern Patagón ia, Argent na. Type-locality: Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 155' I885 L iolaemus darw in Donoso-Barros. Reptiles de Chile: 281, figs. 3I, 6I; col. pi. I5. 1966 Liolaemus darwi n i
i
,
i
i
i
— — i
Patagonia, Argentina; Lago Buenos Aires, Provincia de Aisén, Chile.
Distribution:
LIOLAEMUS DORBIGNYI Koslowsky Type-locality: I858 Liolaemus D'Orb ¡any Koslowsky, Rev. Mus. La Plata, 8: 174, pi. 2. Catamarca, Argentina. Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: 285, figs. 44, 62. 1966 L iolaemus d orb gny i
'
Distribution:
i
i
Provincia de
—
Catamarca; Argentina; Patagonia to Laguna Amarga, Territorio de Magallanes, Chile.
LIOLAEMUS ELONGATUS Koslowsky I856
L
iolaemus elonqa tus Koslowsky, Rev. Mus. La Plata, Cordilleras, Territorio Chubut, Argentina.
1:
448, pl.
1.
Type-locality:
Near the
Provincia de Mendoza to Chubut, Argentina.
Distribution:
LIOLAEMUS FITZGERALDI Boulenger I855 Liolaemus fitzgeraldi Boulenger, in Fitzgerald, The Highest Andes: 355» fg* Puente del Inca, Argentina. 1966 Liolaemus f tzgerald Dnnoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: col. pl. 20. 3O7, i
Distribution:
i
!•
Type-locality:
—
Both sides of Andes,
near
International Highway between Chile and Argentina.
LIOLAEMUS FITZINGERII (Puméril and Bibron) 1837 Proctotretus Fitzinqerii Dumeril and Bibron, Erp. Gin., 4: 286. Type-locality: Chile. 18S8 Eulaemus affinis Girard. U.S. Expl. Exped., Herp.: 366. Type-locality: Puerto Deseado and Santa Cruz, Patagonia, Argentina. 1888 L iolaemus melanops Burmeister, An. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, 3= 252. Type-locality: Quele-Cura, Chubut, Patagonia, Argentina. 1966 Liolaemus f tz inoer Donoso-Barros. Reptiles de Chile: 293, figs. 3O, 53, 65, col. pl. 20.
—
i
Distribution:
Patagonia of Chile and Argentina.
LIOLAEMUS FUSCUS Boulenger 1885 Liolaemus fuscus Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 144, pl. 10, fig. 2. Type-locality: Valparaiso, Chile. I858 Liolaemus erythroqaster Werner, Zool. Jahrb., Suppl., 4: 25O, pl. I3, fig. 3. Type-locality: Coqu mbo, Chile. 1966 Liolaemus fuscus Donoso-Barros. Reptiles de Chile: 155, fig. 59, col. pl. 11. i
—
Distribution:
Coquimbo to fluble, Chile; some Patagonian areas of Argentina.
183
LIOLAEMUS
LIOLAEWUS GOETSCHI Müller and Hellmich iqgfi
I
Müller and Hellmich, Zool. Anz., 123: I3O, fig. Laguna Playa, near Fuerte General Roca, Argentina.
inlaemiis qngtschi
1.
Road to
Type-locality:
Northern Patagonian region, Argentina.
Distribution:
LIOLAEMUS GRACILIS (Bell) 184^ Proctotretus gracilis Bell, Zoology of the Voyage of H.M.S. Beagle, Puerto Deseado, Argentina. Type-locality: 2. 188S Liolaeinus grac 1 is-Boulenqer. Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 14$.
5j
Reptiles: 4, pi. 1, fig.
i
Patagonia, Argentina.
Distribution:
LIOLAEMUS GRAVENHGRSTI
(Gray)
Chile. Type-locality: Gray. Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: 211. 184S Leiodera Gravenhorst Type-locality: 1855 Proctotretus stantoni Girard, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1854: 227. Chile. Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: 180, fig. 60, col. pi. 8. 1566 L iolaemus gravenhorst I
i
i
I
I
—
Central Chile.
Distribution:
LIOLAEMUS KING
Santiago,
(Bell)
Bell, Zoology of the Voyage of H. M. S. Beagle, 5, Reptiles: I3, pi. 6, fig. 1843 Proctotretus Kingi Puerto Deseado, Argentina. Type-locality: Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 149. ISS'i L iolaemus k inqi Donoso-Barros. Reptiles de Chile: 273, figs. 31, 64; col. pi. 1?. 1966 Liolaemus k ng i
1.
— — i
i
i
Southern Patagonian region, Argentina and Chile.
Distribution:
LIOLAEMUS KRIEGI
Müller and Hellmich
Type-locality: 1939 Liolaemus kriegi Müller and Hellmich, Zool. Anz., 127: 44, fig. 1. Co'ndor, Bariloche, Argentina. 1966 Liolaemus kr eg —Donoso-Barros. Reptiles de Chile: 289, fig- "3» col' pl' 21. i
i
Southern Argentina; eastern slopes of Andes
Distribution:
Estancia El
in
Curico, Chile.
LIOLAEMUS LEMNISCATUS Gravenhorst I838 Liolaemus lemn scatus Gravenhorst. Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop. -Carol. , 18: 73I, pi. 5*, fg- 12. Valparaiso, Chile. Type-locality: TypeI838 Liolaemus h eroqlyph cus Gravenhorst. Nova Acta. Acad. Caes. Leop. -Carol. , 18: 732. Cauquenes, Chile. locality: Sud au Pole et dans Voyage Dumont-D'Urv Jacquinot, in lie. 1847 Proctotretus mosa icus Hombron and Type-locality: I'Astrolabe et la Zélée, Reptiles: pi. 2, fig. 1. I'Oceanie sur Talcahuano, Chile. Type-locality: 18=15 Proctotretus femoratus Girard. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1854: 227. Santiago, Chile. 1885 Liolaemus lemn scatus Boulenger Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 143. col. pi. lU. 1966 Liolaemus lemn iscatus Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: I9I, figs. 32, 59; Coquimbo to Cautín, Chile; Pino Hachado Valley, Patagonian Argentina. Distribution: i
i
i
i
.
i
L
.
,
— —
.
IOLAEMUS LEOPARDINUS Müller and Hellmich
Fierro Carrera, Type-locality: 1932 Liolaemus leopardinus Müller and Hellmich, Zool. Anz., 97= 309Valle del Río San Francisco, Cerro El Plomo, Cordillera de Santiago, Chile, 27OO m. High mountains Distribution: Santiago, Chile.
Content:
Three subspecies.
in
Cajón del Mapocho, Valle del Volcán and Cerro Ramón, Provincia
184
LIOLAEMUS Clave de subespecies
Key to the subspecies Dorsal spots not arranged in transverse rows; fewer than 85 scales around midbody-
1.
1.
2
Dorsal spots arranged in transverse rows (Fig. 45); more tlian 85 scales around midramonens s body
i
i
Dorsal spots not prominent, large and confluent on vertebral region (Fig. '^0) valdes ianus Dorsal spots small, well marked, not confluent on vertebral region (Fig. 5^) leopard nus
2.
2.
i
Fig.
L
k-
Manchas dorsales débilmente estampadas y confluentes en la región vertebral (Fig. valdes ianus 50) Manchas dorsales bien estampadas no confluentes en la región vertebral (Fig. 5I ) leopard nus i
leopard nus leopard nus i
i
iolaemus leopard nus leopard nus Müller and Hellmich i
i
1532 1566
L L
olaemus leopard inus leopard inus Müller and Hellmich, Zool. Anz., 57' 3^3 > ^''2- !• iolaemus leopard nus leopard nus Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: 311> fig- 42, col.
i
i
pl.
i
High mountains near Cajón del Mapocho, Provincia Santiago, Chile.
olaemus leopard nus ramonens i
1532
L
1566
L
—
i
22.
Distribution:
L
51'
dorsales no dispuestas en bandas transversales; menos de 85 escamas al 2 medio del cuerpo Manchas dorsales dispuestes en fajas transversales (Fig. 45)) más de 85 escamas al ramonens s medio del cuerpo
Manclnas
is
Müller and Hellmich
Typeolaemus leopard inus ramonens s Müller and Hellmich, Zool. Anz., 97' 3^'^> "fig- 2. locality; Cerro de Ramón, Prov nc a Sant iago, Ch le, 2600 m. iolaemus leopard nus ramonens s Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: 3-'-l> fig- 42, col. pl.
i
i
i
i
i
—
22.
Distribution:
Cerro de Ramón, Chile.
i
i
185
LIOLAEMUS
L
iolaemus leopard nus valdes anus Hellmich i
i
iolaemus leopardinus valdes ianus Hellmich, Veroff. Zool. Staatsamml. Munchen, 1: 142, Baños Morales, Lo Valdes, Provincia Santiago, Type-locality: pi. 12, figs. 28-25. Chile. Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: 313> fig. *2, col. 1966 Liolaemus leopardinus valdes ianus 1550
L
—
pi.
23.
Distribution:
L
High mountains of Cajón del R'o Maipo, Provincia Santiago, Chile.
IOLAEMUS LINEOMACULATUS Boulenger ISeS Liolaemus 1966 Liolaemus
Distribution:
1
i
1
i
Patagonia. Type-locality: neomaculatus Boulenqer, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 145. neomaculatus Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: 275, figs. '}!, 65; col. pi. I3.
—
Southern Patagonia of Chile and Argentina.
LIOLAEMUS LORENZMUELLERI Hellmich 1550 Liolaemus lorenzmüller Hellm ich. Veroff . Zool. Staatsamml. Nueva Elqui, Coquimbo, Chile, 23OO m. Type-locality: Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chiles 1566 Liolaemus lorenzmüller i
i
Distribution:
—
Mijnchen,
257,
^'g-
1:
144, pi.
12, figs. 26,
2].
'^3-
Region of type locality, 23OO-32OO m.
LIOLAEMUS LUTZAE Mertens 1338 Liolaemus lutzae Mertens, Zool. Anz., Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Distribution:
I23:
221, fig.
1.
Type-locality:
Recreio dos Bande rantes, i
Coastal areas of Rio de Janeiro and Guanabara, Brazil.
LIOLAEMUS MAGELLANICUS (Hombron and Jacquinot) dans 1847 Proctotretus maqellanicus Hombron and Jacquinot, in Dumont-D 'Urv lie. Voyage au Pole Sud et Havre Type-locality: I'Oceante sur . . . I'Astrolabe ef la Zélée, Reptiles: pi. 2, fi-g. 2. Pecquet, Estrecho de Magallanes, Chile. 1304 L olaemus ( Saccode Ira ) prox imus Werner, Hamburger Magalhaen sche Sammelreise, 1, Reptilien und ultima Esperanza, southwest Patagonia, Chile. Type-locality: Batrachier: 12, figs. 1-2. North Type-locality: 1905 Liolaemus hatcheri Ste jneqer. Rep. Princeton Univ. Exp. Patagonia, 3: 218. Patagonia, Argentina. Santa Cruz, Territorio de Santa Cruz, of Rio Punta Arenas, Type-locality: 1510 Saccodeira arenaria Werner, Mitt. Naturhist. Mus. Hamburg, 27: 26. i
i
i
Estrecho de Magallanes, Chile. 1966 Liolaemus magellan icus Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile:
—
Distribution:
277, ^'3-
^4, col.
pi.
I5.
Tierra del Fuego and southern Patagonia of Chile and Argentina.
LIOLAEMUS MOCQUARDI Pellegrin Type-locality: 1503 Liolaemus Mocquardi Pellegrin, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, I5O3: 326. and Sénéchal, higher plateau of Bolivia and Peru; Tiahuanacu, La Paz, Bolivia. Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: 325> '^'S- 51> col.pl. 20. 1366 Liolaemus mocquardi
Créqui
—
Distribution:
Altiplano of Peru, Bolivia and Chile.
LIOLAEMUS MODESTUS Tschudi Type-locality: 1845 L.r iolaemus ( Sauridis )] modestus Tschudi, Arch, fur Naturg., 2 (l): I57. further specified as Miraflores, Peru, by Tschudi, Fauna Peruana, Herp., 1846, Ji. 1507 Liolaemus modestus Roux. Rev. Suisse Zool., I5: 257.
—
Distribution:
369-215
O— 70
Known only from type locality.
13
Peru;
186
LIOLAEMUS
LIOLAEMUS montícola Müller and Hellmich 1532 Liolaemus montícola Müller and Hellmich, Zool. Anz., 99' ^11' Francisco, Santiago, Chile, I7OO m.
Cordillera de la Costa
Distribution! Chile.
Type-locality:
Central Chile; Andean Cordillera
in
in
Valle del Rio San
Chilian and Cautín,
Three subspecies.
Content;
Key to the subspecies
Clave de subespecies
1.
2 More than 80 scales around midbody Fewer than 80 scales around midbody nont icola
1,
2 Mas de 80 escamas al medio del cuerpo Menos de 80 escamas al medio del cuerpomont icola
2.
oh llanens Dorsum and pileus melanistic Dorsum and pileus not melanistic llar icens
2.
Dorso Dorso
i
i
L
i
y y
pileus mellnicos pileus no melánicos
ch llanens is llar icens is i
v
i
s
i
L L
iolaemus mont icola mont icola Müller and Hellmich, Zool. Anz., 99' 177> 'f'S' !• Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: 226, col. pl. 14. iolaemus mont icola mont icola
—
Distribution:
i
i
s
olaemus mont cola mont icola Müller and Hellmich 1932 1966
L
i
Cordillera de los Andes and Cordillera de la Costa, central Chile.
olaemus mont icola ch llanens i
i
Müller and Hellmich
s
Type1932 Liolaemus montícola chillanensis Müller and Hellmich, Zool. Anz., 99: 183, fig. 2. locality: Termas de Chillan, Nuble, Chile, I7OO m. L olaemus mont icola ch llanens s Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: 229, fig. 40, col. pl.
1966
i
i
—
i
14.
Distribution:
iolaemus mont icola
L
Provincia de Nuble, Cordillera de los Andes, Chile.
vi
llar icensi
s
Müller and Hellmich
1932 Liolaemus montícola vi llar icensis Müller and Hellmich, Zool. Anz., 99' ^^3> ^'5' 3» Type-locality: Volcán Villarrica, Chile, 1400 m. 1966 L iolaemus mont icola v llar icens s Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: 23I, fig. 40. i
Distribution:
—
i
Cordillera de Caut'n, Chile.
LIOLAEMUS MULTIFORMIS (Cope) 1876 Proctotretus multiformis Cope. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., (2) Lago Titicaca, Peru. 1885 Liolaemus multiformis Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 153-
8
(I875):
I73.
Type-locality:
—
Distribution! Content:
High plateau of Andes between Peru, Bolivia, Chile and Argentina.
Two subspecies.
Key to the subspecies 1.
Clave de subespecies
Dorsal scales distinctly keeled, smaller than ventrals s monsi Dorsal scales smooth or indistinctly keeled, slightly smaller than ventrals mult if ormis i
i
1.
Escamas dorsales distintamente quilladas y menores que ventrales s imons Escamas dorsales lisas o indistintamente quilladas, ligeramente menores que ventramult if orm is les i
i
187
LIOLAEMUS
iolaemus mult iformis multiformis (Cope)
L
Lago Titicaca, Bolivia. Type-locality: I85I Liolaemus Lenzi Boettqer, Zool. Anz., 14: 344. Andes of Type-locality: 1855 Liolaemus andinus Koslowsky. Rev. Mus. La Plata, 6: 338, pi. 3. Argentina. Catamarca, Caylloma Type-locality: 1901 Liolaemus annectens Boulenqer, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (7) 7: $46. and Sumbay, Andes of Peru. Type-locality; 10: Mag. Nat. Hist., Ann. Boulenqer, 397. (7) iq02 Liolaemus tropidonotus Tirapata, north of Lago Titicaca, Peru, I3OOO ft. Type-locality: 1909 Liolaemus variabilis Pellegrin, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, I9O9: 327. Altiiough Pellegrin gave no locality for this as a species, the localities given for the Tiahuanaco (= Tiahuanacu), La These were: following three varieties were identical. and Sénéchal, noted as on the high plateaus of Peru and Bolivia on Paz, Bolivia; Crequ Guibé, Catalogue des Types de Lezards, Paris, 1951» *9> does not mention the p. 326. latter localities at all. Pellegrin. Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, I9O9: 327. 1909 [ Liolaemus variabilis ] var. Crequi See var iab 1 s . above. Type-locality: Pellegrin, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, I9O9: 327. Neveui var. variabilis Liolaemus 1909 [ ] See var iab 1 is , above, Type-locality: iqoq [ Liolaemus variabilis ] var. Courtyi Pellegrin, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, I9O9: 328. See var iab il is . above. Type-locality: Type-locality: 1909 Liolaemus bolivianus Pelleqrin, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, I9O9: 328. Crequi and Marechal, high plateaus of Peru and Bolivia. figs- 49, 50> Chile: Reptiles de Donoso-Barros, multiformis 317> multiformis Liolaemus 1966 i
i
i
i
i
—
24.
73, col. pi.
Distribution:
L
i
olaemus mult form i
Altiplano of Peru, Chile and Bolivia.
i
s
s
i
mons
i
i
Boulenger
iolaemus s iqn fer ] var. montanus Koslowsky, Rev. Mus. La Plata, 8: 182, pi. 6, fig. 6. Provincia de Catamarca, Argentina. Type-locality: PotosT, Type-locality: 1902 Liolaemus Simcnsii Boulenqer. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (7) 10: 398. Challapata, and Uyuni, Bolivia. Type-locality: 1924 Liolaemus annectens orientalis Müller. Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 11: 81. Rio Pilcomayo, between Tarija and San Francisco, Bolivia. Burt and Burt, Trans. Acad. Sc . St. Louis, 28: 35' 199^ Liolaemus multiformis s imons
7I898
[ l
i
i
Distribution;
L
Southwestern
i
—
i
Andes of Bolivia;
northern Andes of Argentina.
IOLAEMUS MULTIMACULATUS (Ouméril and Bibron)
Type-locality; Chile. I837 Proctotretus mult imaculatus Ouméril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., 4: 29O. None Type-locality: 'G irard. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1857: I99. 18^7 Ortholaemus Beaql given; Bahía Blanca, Argentina, is original locality for specimens upon which Bell's plate was based and for which Girard proposed this name, according to Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2, 1885, 158. 188S Liolaemus mult imaculatus Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2; I58. i
i
—
Distribution;
Known only from Argentinian Patagonia; records from Chile are erroneous.
LIOLAEMUS NIGROMACULATUS (Wiegmann) Type-locality: Tropidurus n iqromaculatus Wieqmann. Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop. -Carol. , I7: 229. Chile» restricted to Huasco, Chile, by Müller and Hellmich, Zool. Anz., 101, I933, I29. Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: I47. I885 Liolaemus n iqromaculatus
189'5
—
Distribution: Content:
Atacama Province to Valparaiso Province, Chile.
Eight subspecies.
Clave de subespecies
Key to the subspecies 1.
Melanistic (Fig. 52) Not melanistic
2 3
1.
Lagartos melánicos (pig. 52) Lagartos no melánicos
2 3
LIOLAEMUS
2.
3.
5.
i
evers
53'
k»
n
i
i
gromaculatus zapallarens
i
.
4.
^'"'^"^^""
'^i.
L_.
n
i
gromaculatus
b
s
i
n
i
qnatus
Escamas a los lados del cuello ensanchadas y sobresalientes; en el pliegue mucronadas
5.
Barras amarillento sulfúreas a través del dorso (Fig. 55); menos de 55 escamas al zapallarens is medio del cuerpo Dos cintas longitudinales claras a los lados del dorso (Fig. 56)j "lás de 55 escamas kuhlmann al medio del cuerpo
i
Fig.
s
56.
k>
n
i
gromaculatus kuhlmann
i
No como el
siguiente (Figs. 58,59) / Escamas laterales de los lados de la nuca mayores que las dorsales de la nuca; doi salmente pardo con dos lineas dorsales oscuras (Fig. 57) n gromaculatus
—
i
57» k-
i
Escamas en los lados del cuello no ensanchadas ni sobresalientes; en el pliegue no o mucronadas
5
Not as below (Figs. 58, 5'^)7 Scales on sides of neck larger than dorsal neck scales; dorsally brown with two middorsal dark lines (Fig. 57 l- n gromaculatus i
i
color general no grisá-
53,54)
i
L. n
ter
evers
-""
Sulphurous yellow bars across back (Fig. 55); fewer than 55 scales around midbody-zapallarens is Two longitudinal pale dorsolateral stripes (Fig. 56); more than 55 scales around kuhlmann m dbody
55'
i
" """"j::"* "° P^l'^° Sin aisefio dorsal; color general gris i F gs.
—5
Fig,
-s
3- Con disefio dorsal;
Fig.
Scales on sides of neck enlarged and prominent; those on neck fold mucronate Scales on sides of neck not very enlarged or prominent; those on neck fold not mucronate
a
Vientre negro Vientre no negro-
gromaculatus bis! qnatus
i
6.
i
With dorsal pattern; ground color not pale " grayish Without dorsal pattern; ground color pale bisignatus grayish (Figs. 53,54}
Fig.
4.
-s
2.
ter
a
Belly black Belly not black-
gromaculatus
n
i
gromaculatus
189
LIOLAEMUS
Temporal scales smooth; more than 4? scales copiapensis around midbody Temporal scales weakly keeled; fewer than atacamensis 49 scales around midbody
7.
Fig.
L
58.
iolaemus ISS'i
n
L.
n
qromaculatus atacamens
i
qromaculatus
i
n
i
?.
Escamas temporales lisas; mas de 4? escamas copiapensis al medio del cuerpoEscamas temporales débilmente quilladas; menos de 4? escamas al medio del cuerpo atacamens is
Fig»
is
59-
k»
n
i
qromaculatus atacamens
is
qromaculatus (Wiegmann)
Tropidurus oxycephalus Wieqmann, Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop. -Carol. , 17: 232. TypeChile. local ty: Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop. -Carol. , 18: 737» pl- 5^» L iolaemus conspersus Gravenhorst, Cauquenes, Chile. Type-locality: fig. 14. Type-locality: Chile. Liz. Brit. Mus.: 213. Cat. Liolaemus inconspicuus Gray, Proctotretus pall idus Philippi, Reise durch die Wueste Atacama: I66, pi. 6, fig. 3. Raposo, Chile. Type-locality; MtJller and Hellmich, Zool. Anz., 101: I27. L iolaemus n qromaculatus n qromaculatus Liolaemus n qromaculatus n qromaculatus Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: 242, figs. 20, i
18^8
1845 1860 1933 1966
— —
i
i
i
i
34-
Huasco Valley and adjacent areas, Chile.
Distribution:
L
olaemus
i
n
qromaculatus atacamens
i
is
Müller and Hellmich
IO3: I29, figs. 1-2. 1933 Liolaemus n qromaculatus atacamens is Müller and Hellmich, Zool. Anz., Atacama, northeastern Copiapo', Chile. Type-locality: Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: 252, fig. 39» 1966 Liolaemus n qromaculatus atacamensis col. pi. 16. i
—
i
Desert areas
Distribution:
L
olaemus
i
n
Coquimbo and Atacama, Chile.
in
qromaculatus ater Müller and Hellmich
i
1933 Liolaemus
n
qromaculatus ater Müller and Hellmich, Zool. Anz., 101: 129. Puerto Coquimbo, Chile. qromaculatus ater Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: 261.
i
Isla de Pá'jaros,
1966 Liolaemus
n
i
Distribution:
L
i
olaemus
n
i
Small
qromaculatus
Type-locality:
—
islands
b
i
s
i
Bahía, Coquimbo, Chile.
in
qnatus (Ph
i
1
i
pp
i
)
1860 Proctotretus bisionatus Philippi, Reise durch die Wueste Atacama: I66, pi. 6, fig. 2. Unknown. Type-locality: 1999 Liolaemus n qromaculatus bisiqnatus Müller and Hellmich, Zool. Anz., IO3: I32, fig. '}. Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: 25O, fig. 39» c°l' 1966 Liolaemus n qromaculatus bisiqnatus
— —
i
i
pi.
16.
Coastal areas of Atacama, Chile.
Distribution; L
i
olaemus
n
iqromaculatus cop iapens
i
s
Müller and Hellmich
Typeiolaemus n qromaculatus cop iapens is Müller and Hellmich, Zool. Anz., IO3: I35. Copiapo, Atacama, Chile. locality: Reptiles is iapens cop (in error for ), Donoso-Barros copiapoensis qromaculatus Liolaemus n 1966 de Chile: 255.
1933
L
i
i
Distribution:
—
Copiapo and adjacent areas, Chile.
190
LIOLAEMUS
L
ioaemus
1933
L
1566
L
n
igromaculatus kuhlmann
i
i
i
olaemus
i
195*
L
1966
L
n
igromaculatus
olaemus 1933
L
1966
L
s
i
evens
Donoso-Barros
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
n
—
17.
Known only from type locality.
Distribution:
i
i
Typeolaemus n gromaculatus s evers Donoso-Barros, Zooiatria, 3 (H/! ^> fig- 2. Isla de los Locos, Bahía Pichidangui, Provincia de Coquimbo, Chile. locality: Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: 259, fig» *7> coliolaemus n gromaculatus s evers i
pl.
L
—
Coastal plateau from Valparaiso to Coquimbo, Chile.
Distribution:
L
Müller and Hellmich
i
igromaculatus kuhlmann Müller and Hellmich, Zool. Anz., IO3: I39, fig. 5» iolaemus Jalmel, Los Andes, Chile; corrected to Jahuel de los Andes, Chile by Type-locality: Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile, I966, 247. gromaculatus kuhlman Donoso-Barros ( in error for kuhlmann ). Reptiles de iolaemus n Chile: 245, fig. 34, col. pis. I5, I7. n
gromaculatus zapallarens
i
i
s
Müller and Hellmich
olaemus n gromaculatus zapallarens Zapallar, Chile. Type-locality: olaemus n gromaculatus zapallarens 47;
col.
i
i
is
pl.
Müller and Hellmich, Zool. Anz., IO3: 137» ^'9'
s
i
— Donoso-Barros,
*•
Reptiles de Chile: 247, figs. 39>
15.
Coastal border from Aconcagua to Coquimbo, Chile.
Distribution:
LIOLAEMUS NIGROVIRIDIS MGller and Hellmich 1932 Liolaemus nigroviridis Muller and Hellmich, Zool. Anz., 97' San Francisco, Santiago, Chile, 2400 m.
Distribution; Andes and Cordillera de la Costa, prov nces, Chile.
J^S.
Type-locality:
Valle del Río
between southern Antofagasta and Santiago
i
Content:
Four subspecies.
Key to the subspecies 1.
2.
Clave de subespecies
More than 65 scales around midbody Fewer than 65 scales around midbody
2
i
Más de 65 escamas al medio del cuerpo Menos de 65 escamas al medio del cuerpo
2.
Cuello del mismo ancho que cabeza; escamas temporales lisas; cuatro supraoculares; flancos roj izos n groroseus Cuello más delgado que la cabeza; escamas temporales quilladas; menos de cuatro supraoculares; flancos del cuerpo verdosos -minor
3
Neck same width as head; temporal scales smooth; four supraoculars; flanks reddishn
1.
groroseus
i
Dorsal black bars alternating with yellowish green areas n grov ir id s Dorsal black bars alternating with sky blue nterspaces campa nae i
i
i
L
iolaemus
n
igrovir
id is
n
i
orovir
id
i
s
3
i
Neck more slender than head; temporal scales keeled; fewer than four supraoculars; flanks greenish m nor
3.
2
3"
Barras dorsales alternan con áreas verde amarillentas n grov r id s Barras dorsales negras alternan con espac ios celestes campanae i
i
i
Müller and Hellmich
1932 L Iolaemus n grov ir id is n igrov ir id is Müller and Hellmich, Zool. Anz., 97: 3I8, f !g. J. 1966 Liolaemus nigroviridis nigroviridis Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: 26l, fig. 41; col. i
pl.
—
14.
Distribution:
Cajón del Mapocho, Cordillera de los Andes, Santiago, Chile.
191
LIOLAEMUS
L
olaemus
i
1550
L
1566
L
n
grov ir
i
id is
campanae Hellmich
olaemus n igrov ir id is campanae Hellmich, Veroff. Zool. Staatsamml. Munchen, 1: 152, pi. Cerro Campana, Valparaíso, Chile, 1800 m. Type-locality: 2, figs. 24-25. olaemus n grov r id s campanae Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: 267, ^'9' *1> col. pi.
i
i
i
i
—
i
14.
Cerro El Roble and Cerro Campana,
Distribution:
L
I
olaemus
n
i
grov
ir
d
i
i
m nor MiJller and
s
i
in
Cordillera de la Costa, Chile.
Hellmich
Typeiolaemus n igrovir id is minor MiJller and Hellmich, Zool. Anz., 57' 326» fig. 4a-b. Valle del Volcán, Provincia de Santiago, Chile. locality: 1966 Liolaemus nigroviridis minor Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: 264, fig. 41, col. pi. 15. 1532
L
—
L
i
olaemus 1566
L
n
i
grov
i
r
i
n
d is
iolaemus n grov Type-locality: Chile. i
Distribution:
Rio Maipo, Provincia de Santiago, Chile, I8OO-3OOO m.
El .Valle del
Distribution:
i
groroseus Donoso-Barros 27I, col. pi. 14. n groroseus Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: San Pedro de Atacama, Cordillera de Puricó, Provincia de Antofagasta,
ir id is
i
Cordilleras de Antofagasta and Atacama, Chile.
LIOLAEMUS NIT IDUS (Wiegmann) Type835 Tropidurus nitidus Wiegmann. Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop. -Carol. , I7: 234, pi. I7, fig. 2. local ty: Ch ile. 838 Liolaemus lineatus Gravenhorst, Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop. -Carol. , 18: 723» pl- 5*> figs. 1-7" Type-locality: Valparaiso, Chile. Type-locality: 838 Liolaemus unicolor Gravenhorst, Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop. -Carol. , 18: 728. i
Cauquenes, Ch ile. 838 Liolaemus marmoratus Gravenhorst, Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop-Carol., 18: 729, pi. 5*> '^'9' Cauquenes, Chile. Type-locality: Boulenger. Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 140. sag Liolaemus n t idus 966 Liolaemus n t idus Donoso-Barros. Reptiles de Chile: I73, figs. 32, 53, 60; col. pi. 9.
ll»
— —
i
i
Distribution: Coquimbo to Maule, Andes and Cordillera de la Costa
in in
coastal areas near Cordillera de la Costa, also found central Chile.
in
LIOLAEMUS OCCIPITALIS Boulenger ISB'i
Liolaemus occipitalis Boulenger. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) I5: I92.
1925
L
do Sul, Brazil. Iolaemus ql iesch Brazil.
Distribution:
i
Ahl, Zool.
Anz., 62:
88.
Type-locality:
Type-locality:
Rio Grande
Torres, Estado do Rio Grande do Sul,
Coastal area, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
LIOLAEMUS ORNATUS Koslowsky I898
L
iolaemus ornatus Koslowsky, Rev. Mus. La Plata, Jujuy, Argentina.
8:
I78,
pi.
5-
Type-locality:
Cordillera de
L'iolaemus sionifer j var. Type-locality: mult icolor Koslowsky, Rev. Mus. La Plata, 8: 182. [ Provincia de Jujuy, Argentina. 1909 Liolaemus pulcher Pelleqrin. Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, I9O9: 325. Type-locality: Créqu and Senechal, high plateau of Peru and Bolivia; and Tiahuanacu, Bolivia. 1966 Liolaemus ornatus Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: 323, figs. 44, 51-52; col. pi. 20.
'Í1898
i
—
Distribution:
Altiplano of Chile, Argentina and Bolivia.
192
LIOLAEMUS
LIOLAEMUS PANTHERINUS Pelleqrin Type-locality: iqoq Liolaemus pantherinus Pelleqrin. Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, I9O5: 324. and Sénéchal, high plateau of Peru and Bolivia. 1966 Liolaemus panther nus —Donoso-Barros. Reptiles de Chile: 327, fig. 52; col. pi. 21.
Crequi
i
Distribution:
L
Altiplano of Peru, Bolivia and Chile.
lOLAEMUS PAUL INAE Donoso-Barros
Type-locality: Calama, Rio Loa, L olaemus paul nae Donoso-Barros, Copeia, I56I: 3^1) fig» Ic. Provincia de Antofagasta, Chile. 1966 Liolaemus paul nae Donoso-Barros. Reptiles de Chile: I85, fig. 48; col. pi. 10.
1561
i
i
i
Distribution:
—
Vicinity of Calama, Antofagasta, Chile.
LIOLAEMUS PICTUS (Oumlril and Bibron) I837 Proctotretus p ictus Dumeril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., 184^ Leiolaemus pictus Gray. Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: 213.
—
Distribution: Argent na.
4:
276.
Type-locality:
Southern Chilean forests from Malleco to Chiloe and adjacent
Chile.
islands;
Nahuel HuapT,
i
Content:
Four subspecies.
Key to the subspecies
Clave de subespecies
1.
2 Fewer than 77 scales around midbody More than 77 scales around midbody argent nus
1.
2 Menos de 77 escamas al medio del cuerpo Más de 77 escamas al medio del cuerpo argent nus
2.
Ground color not melanistic Ground color melanistic
2.
Color general no melánico Color general melánico
i
3.
3
i
ma jor
Lateral back bands greenish; fewer than 64 scales around midbody ch loens is Lateral back bands yellowish-white; more than 64 scales around midbody p ictus
3.
i
L
iolaemus
p
ictus
p
3
ma ior
Bandas laterales del dorso verdosas; menos de 64 escamas alrededor del medio del cuerpo ch loens is Bandas laterales blanco amarillentas; más de 64 escamas al medio del cuerpo pictus i
ictus (Ouméril and Bibron)
1848 Chrysosaurus mor io Gay, Historia Física y Política de Chile, 2: 47. Type-locality: Valdivia, Chile. 1868 Proctotretus prasinus Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1868: 120. Type-locality: Chile. 1930 Liolaemus pictus pictus Burt and Burt, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 78 (6): I7. 1966 Liolaemus pictus pictus Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: 21$, figs. 34, 68, col. pl. 11.
— —
Distribution:
L
i
olaemus
p ictus
Concepción to Puerto Montt, Chile.
argent nus Müller and Hellmich i
iolaemus pictus argent inus Müller and Hellmich, Zool. Anz., 128: 7, fig. locality: Estancia El Cóndor, Lago Nahuel HuapT, Argentina. 1966 Liolaemus pictus argentinus Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: 224.
1539
L
—
Distribution:
Nahuel Huap' and adjacent areas, Argentina.
2.
Type-
193
LIOLAEMUS
L
iolaemus
1535
L
1566
L
p
ictus ch iloeens
I
i
i
—
Chiloé
Distribution:
L
Müller and Hellmich
is
Type-locality: iolaemus p ictus ch loeens s Müller and Hellmich, Zool. Anz., 128: 12. Ancud, Chlloe Island, Chile. is Donoso-Barros, Reptiles Chile: de iolaemus p ictus ch iloeens 215, col. pi. 11.
olaemus
p
Island, Chile.
ictus ma ¡or Boulenger
iolaemus pictusj var. major Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 152. [ Chile. Burt and Burt, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 61: iq'^1 ¡-iolaemus pictus major 1566 L iolaemus pictus ma ¡or Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: 222. ISS'i
L
— —
Islands adjacent to Chiloé
Distribution:
Type-locality; 278.
Island, Chile.
LIOLAEMUS PLATEI Werner I858
L
iolaemus platei Werner, Zool. Chile.
Jahrb., Suppl.,4:
255» pl-
13>
i
iolaemus plate
i
plate
i
i
i
Menos de 60 escamas al medio cuerpo-- plate Más de 60 escamas al medio cuerpo cur icens is i
— Müller and Hellmich, Zool. — Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de
Anz., 122: 23I. Chile: 234, fig.
col.
46;
pl.
IJ.
Coquimbo and Atacama, Chile.
Distribution:
iolaemus plate
1.
Werner
I
cur icens
is
Müller and Hellmich
1938 Liolaemus platei curicensis Müller and Hellmich, Zool. Anz., 122: 23I, fig. 2. Los Queñes, Curicó, Chile. locality: 1566 L iolaemus plate cur icens is Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: 237» fig- 46.
Type-
—
i
Distribution:
L
Coquimbo,
Clave de subespecies
Fewer than 60 scales around m idbody-- plate More than 60 scales around midbody cur icens is
1538 Liolaemus platei plate 1566 L iolaemus plate platei
L
Type-locality:
Two subspecies.
Key to the subspecies
L
2.
Distribution discontinuous; Copiapo and Coquimbo; Curicó, Chile.
Distribution: Content:
1.
'fig-
Known only from type locality.
IOLAEMUS ROBERTMERTENSI Hellmich 1564 Liolaemus robertmertens Hellmich, Senckenberg iana Biol., 45: 5^5> figMountains in region of Belém, Provincia de Catamarca, Argentina. i
Distribution:
LIOLAEMUS ROTH 1898
L
I
!•
Type-locality:
Cordillera de Catamarca, Argentina.
Koslowsky
iolaemus Roth Koslowsky, Rev. Neuquén, Argentina.
Distribution;
i
Mus.
Patagonia, Argentina.
La
Plata,
8:
177» pl-
*•
Type-locality:
Territorio de
194
LIOLAEMUS LIOLAEMUS RUI BAL 1561
L
I
Donoso-Barros Type-locality:
Donoso-Barros, Copeia, I56I: 3J0, fig. Za. iolaemus ru bal V illav icenc and Uspallata, Mendoza, Argentina, 3OOO m. I
i
Between
i
Known only from type locality.
Distribution!
LIOLAEMUS SCHROEDERI Mullen and Hellmich Type-locality: Schroder Müller and Hellmich, Zool. Anz., 122: 225, fig- !• Queñes, Curicó, Chile, 1600 m. Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: 1/7» ^'9* ^^i col. pi. 8. olaemus Schroder
1538
LiolaeitiLis
1966
L
i
i
i
Los
—
Coastal Cord llera and Andes between Talca and Santiago, central Chile.
Distribution:
i
LIOLAEMUS SIGN PER (Dumeril and Bibron) I
Type-locality: Chile. 18?7 Proctotretus Signifer Duméril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., 4: 288. 1882 L iolaemus s qn if er var. zonatus Koslowsky, Rev. Mus. La Plata, 8: 181, pi. 6, fig. 3Provincia de Catamarca, Argentina. locality: 1566 Liolaemus signifer Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: 325> col. pi. 21. i
Type-
—
Distribution:
Altiplano of Chile, Bolivia and Argentina.
LIOLAEMUS TENUIS (Duméril and Bibron) I837 Proctotretus tenuis Duméril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., 1885 Liolaemus tenuis Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.,
—
Distribution: Content:
4: 2:
275152.
Type-locality:
Southern Coquimbo province to Puerto Montt, Chile.
Two subspecies.
Key to the subspecies 1.
Chile.
Clave de subespecies
Dorsal spots not reduced (Fig. 60 ); females without lateral black blotches (Fig. 6I ) tenu is Dorsal spotting reduced to tiny punctulations (Fig. 62): females with lateral black blotches (Fig. 63)— punctat iss imus
—
Fig.
Fig. 62.
L_.
tenu
60. L.
tenu
i
s
i
s
tenu
i
s
.
male
punctat iss mus ^ male i
Diseño dorsal formado por manchitas de regular tamaRo (Fig. 60 )j hembras sin depósitos melánicos en los flancos (Fig. 6I ) tenu is Diseño dorsal con manchitas puntiformes (Fig. 62); hembras con depósitos melánicos en los flancos (pig. 63)--~~ Punctat iss imus
—
Fig.
Fig.
61.
63. k«
L,
tenu
tenu
i
s
i
s
tenu
i
s
.
female
punctat ss imus . female i
195
LIOLAEMUS
L
iolaemus tenu
is
tenu
is
(Oumeril and Bibron)
I856 Trop idurus ptychopleurus L ichtenste n. Nomenclátor Reptilium et Amphibiorum Musei None given. Type-locality: Zoologici Berol inens is: '). 1932 [ l iolaemus ] tenuis tenuis Goetsch and Hellmich, Zeits. fur Induktive Abstammungs-und i
—
Vererbungslehre, 62: JO. 1966 Liolaemus tenuis tenuis Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Cliile: 2O7, figs. 30» 7^; col. pi.
—
Distribution:
L
iolaemus tenu
is
12.
Southern Coquimbo to Puerto Montt, Chile.
punctat iss imus Müller and Hellmich
Type-locality: ?18S6 Proctotretus niqer Hallowell. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., I856: 233. isla Quinquina, Chile; in error for Isla Quiriguina, Chile. and (nomen nudum), Zeits. fijr Induktive Hellmich 1532 L iolaemus tenu s m icropunctatus Goetsch Abstammungs-und Vererbungslehre, 62: JO, Type1533 L iolaemus tenu is punctat iss imus Müller and Hellmich, Zool. Anz., 104: 3^7» ^ '9- 2. Parque Lota, Lota, Concepción, Chile. locality: 1566 L Iolaemus tenu is punctat iss imus Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: 212, figs. 43, 7*^) col. i
—
pi.
12.
Distribution:
L
IOLAEMUS WIEGMANNI
I
Coastal border, Concepción to southern Chile.
(Oumlril and Bibron)
Type-locality: Chile. Duméril and Bibron, Erp. Gen,, 4: 284. I837 Proctotretus W ieqmann IBii? Ortholaemus Fi tzroii Girard. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., I857: I98. Type-locality: Maldonado, Bah Ta Blanca, and Rio Negro, Argentina; taken from Girard, U.S. Exploring Expedition, Herp., 1858, 373. Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: I56. I885 L iolaemus w ieqmann i
i
Distribution:
i
i
—
Region of southern Brazil, Uruguay and Argentina.
196
REP ILIA:
SAURIA: GEKKONIDAE
*
LYGODACTYLUS
LYGODACTYLUS Gray
Lygodactylus strigatus Gray Type-species: 1864 Lygodactvlus Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1864: 55. (= Lygodactylus capensi s Smi th) Scalabotes thoitiensis Type-species: 1880 Scalabotes Peters, Monats. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1880: 755. Peters. croscalabotes Type-species: 11: I^at. Hist., 174. Ann. Mag. Boulenger, (5) Microscalabotes 188^ Boulenger. Cowan "
IVI
i
Distribution: Content:
i
i
Tropical Africa and Malagasy Republic; Brazil.
About 3O species, of which only one occurs within limits of this work.
Vanzolini, Arq. Zool. SSo Paulo, I7, I568, 63, includes this genus in the South American Comment: fauna on the basis of an unnamed species from Bahia and Mato Grosso, Brazil.
_^____
197
-^
REPULÍA: SAURIA: SCINCIDAE
MABUYA
MABUYA Fitzinger
Type-species: Mabuya domin icensis 1826 Mabuya Fitzinger, Neue Classification der Reptllien: 2J. Fitzinger, = Mabuya mabouya (lacépede). Type-species: Scincus sloani 1826 Spondylurus Fitzinger. Neue Classification der Reptilien: 23. Daudin. Type-species: Lacerta punctata Linnaeus. I83O Euprep is Wagler, Nat. Syst. Amph. : l62. 1834 Euprepes Wiegmann (substitute name for Euprep is Wagler), Herpetologia Mexicana: 11. 1835 Mabouya Oumeril and Bibron (substitute name for Mabuya Fitzinger), Erp. Gen., 5' 575 (first page on which emendation is used; repeated throughout Scincid synonymies). Type-species: Herinia capensis Gray. I835 Her n ia Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (l) 2: 332» Type-species: Euprepes savi any Duméril and I843 Trachylep is Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: 22. i
i
Bi
I843 1843 1845 I845 1845 184 5
bron.
Eutrop is Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: 22. Oxytropis Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: 22. Herem tes Gray, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: 113» Copeoqlossum Tschudi, Arch, fur Naturg., 11: Xystrolep s Tschudi, Arch, fur Naturg., 11: punctata Tschudi. Ch ion n ia Gray, Cat. Liz. Br it. Mus.: II6. i
i
i
Type-species: Euprepes Sebae Duméril and Bibron. Oumeril and Bibron. Type-species: Euprepes Merremi Type-species: Sc ncus v ttatus Oliver. Type-species: Copeoqlossum c inctum Tschudi. l62. 162. Type-species: Trachylep is Xystrolep is ) i
i
i
(
Type-spec ies:
Euprepes Delaland
i
i
Dumér
i
and
1
R ihr-nn.
Africa, Madagascar and southern Asia; Mexico through South America excluding only Distribution: Chile; Antilles. Content:
About 85 species, only nine of which occur within limits of this work.
Clave de especies
Key to the species 1. Auditory keeled; Auditory keeled;
2.
denticles absent; dorsal scales not stripes present or absent on bo^-y 2 denticles present; dorsal scales maculata all stripes absent
One frontoparietal Two f ron topar etals
3
1.
DentTculos auditorios ausentes; escamas dorsales no guilladas; cintas longitudinales 2 presentes o ausentes Dentículos auditorios presente; escamas dormaculata sales guilladas; cintas ausentes
2.
Un frontoparietal Dos fr on topar e tal es
4
i
f renata
3.
Prefrontals separated Prefrontals in contact
4.
Distance from snout to eye less than half of head length 5 Distance from snout to eye as long as, or longer than, half of head length - macrorhyncha
5.
Adpressed limbs not overlapping At least digits of adpressed limbs overlapping
n
i
3 4
i
f renata
3"
Prefrontales separados Prefrontales en contacto
4.
Distancia ojo-hocico menos que la mitad del 5 largo de la cabeza Distancia ojo-hocico de igual o mayor longitud que la mitad del largo de la cabeza macrorhyncha
5.
Extremidades en oposición no se cruzan a los ;iados <jel cuerpo Extremidades en oposición, al menos los digitos se cruzan
qropalmata
6 8
n
i
qropalmata
6 8
6.
Dorsum with longitudinal stripes 7 Dorsum without longitudinal stripes, present only on sides brachypoda
6.
7 Dorso con cintas longitudinales Dorso medianamente sin cintas longitudinales, brachypoda sólo presentes en los lados
7.
Dorsal scales grooved; six dark body heath stripes Dorsal scales not grooved; nine or ten dark body stripes quapor icola
].
Escamas dorsales surcadas; seis cintas oscuras heath corporales Escamas dorsales no surcadas; nueve a diez quapor icola cintas oscuras corporales
i
i
198
MABUYA
8.
Frequently four supraoculars; vertebral dark mabouva stripe absent Frequently three supraoculars; vertebral darl< dorsovi ttata stripe present
'
MABUYA BRACHYPODA Taylor
19% iq'iS
8.
Frecuentemente cuatro supraoculares; cinta mabouya vertebral oscura ausente Frecuentemente tres supraoculares; cinta vertedorsovi ttata presente bral oscura
'-"J»'"
'''
Mabuya bracliypodus Taylor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 38: 3O8, fig. 76. ESE of Los Angeles de Tilaran, Guanacaste, Costa Rica. Mabuya brachypoda Webb, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 38 (2): 1303-
Type-locality:
Four km
—
Pacific slopes from Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico to Costa Rica.
Distribution:
MABUYA DORSIVITTATA Cope Paraguay. Type-locality: 1862 Mabuia dorsivittata Cope. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1862: 35O. Type-locality: I874 Euprepes ( Mabu ia ) ~v rqatus Peters, Monats. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1874: 621. Unknown, possibly from Australian Islands. Itatiaha, Brazil. Type-locality: 1884 Mabuya Jobertii Thominot. Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris, (7) 8: 148. Paraguay. Type-locality: 1885 Mabu ia tetrataenia Boettger, Zeitsch. fur Naturwiss., $8: 227. Gallardo. Rev. Mus. Argentino Cien. Nat., Zool., J: 180, figs. 1-2. 1^68 Mabuya dorsov t tata i
—
i
Distribution: Uruguay, Paraguay, northern Argentina and southern Brazil.
MABUYA FRENATA (Cope)
Type-locality: Rfo Paraguay 1862 Emoea frenata Cope. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1862: I87. valley, Paraguay. Bocourt . Miss. Sci. Mex., Rept.: 404. 1879 Mabuya frenata Gallardo. Rev. Mus. Argentino Cien.. Nat., Zool., 9: I87, fig. 3. 1968 Mabouya frenata
— —
Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina.
Distribution:
Content;
Two subspecies.
Clave de subespecies
Key to the subspecies 1.
Usually with dark vertebral stripe; pronounced dark dorsal stripes; three supra oculars cochabambae Usually without dark vertebral stripe; dark dorsal stripes faintly marked; usually four supraoculars frenata
1.
Usualmente una cinta vertebral oscura; cintas dorsales marcadas; tres supraoculares cochabambae Usualmente sin cinta vertebral oscura; cintas dorsales poco marcadas; usualmente cuatro supraoculares frenata
Mabuya frenata frenata (Cope) I87O Eumeces 62:
(
Mabouya
)
339, pl. 3,
Distribution: Argent na.
Ste ndachner, Sitz. Math. -Na turw ss.' Kl. Akad. Wiss. Vienna, Type-locality: Brazil. Dunn. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 87: 55I.
l'latterer
fig.
4.
1935 Mabouya frenata frenata
i
i
i
Amazonian Bolivia; Mato Grosso, Brazil; Paraguay; Misiones to Mendoza,
i
Mabuya frenata cochabambae Dunn
'?i'^'
1935 Mabuya frenata cochabambae Dunn, Proc. Acad. Pocona, Departamento Cochabamba, Bolivia.
Distribution:
Nat.
Sci.
Phila., 87:
Known from Cochabamba and Santa Cruz, Bolivia,
553-
Type-locality:
199
MABUYA
MABUYA GUAPORICOLA Dunn
Type-locality: 1535 Mabuya quapor icola Dunn, Proc. Acad. Nat. Se . Phila., 87: J*?Río Alegre, Headwaters of R'o Guaporl, western Mato Grosso, Brazil. i
Distribution:
MABUYA HEATH
Bastos Farm on
Mato Grosso, Brazil and Santa Cruz, Bolivia.
Schmidt and Inger
i
1951 Mabuya heath Brazil.
Distribution:
Schmidt and
i
inger,
Fieldiana, Zool., 31=
*55'
Type-locality:
Fortaleza, Ceara,
Ceara, Parahyba, and Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
MABUYA MABOUYA (tacépéde) 1788 Lacertus Mabouya Lacépede, Synopsis Methodica Quadrupedum üviparorum, Ovipares, 1: unpaged; description in Hist. Nat. Quad. Ovip., 1: 376> America and Antilles; restricted to the Antilles by Latreille, 1802 further restricted to the Lesser Antilles by Dunn, Proc. Acad. Nat. still further restricted to St. Vincent Island by Smith and Taylor, 1950, 156. 1826 Mabuya mabouya Fitzinger, Neue Classification der Reptilien: '^2. I
Mexico to South America, Lesser Antilles, Trinidad and Tobago.
Three subspecies, one
(
sloan
i
Daudin) extral
Key to the subspecies 1.
i
I
Distribution: Content:
Hist. Nat. Quadrup. Type-locality: pl. 24. (fide Ounn); Sc . Phila., 87, 1936» 5*"; Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., I99, in
im
i
tal.
Clave de subespecies
Dorsolateral light stripe prominent, always present on sides between legs 2
Dorsolateral light stripe vague, usually only on neck to arm insertion perqrav
i
1.
L'nea clara dorsolateral prominente, siempre presente en los lados, entre los 2 m iembros Li'nea clara dorsolateral poco conspicua, usualmente sólo presente entre nuca e inserción del miembro anterior perqrav s
2.
Bandas oscuras dorsolaterales del ancho de una y media a dos filas de escamas; quinta supralabial bajo el ojo all iacea Bandas dorsolaterales del ancho de dos y media a tres filas de escamas; usualmente sexta supralabial bajo el ojo; a veces quinta de un lado y sexta del otro- mabouya
s
i
2.
Dorsolateral dark stripe one and one-half to two scale rows wide; fifth supralabial under eye all iacea Dorsolateral dark stripe two and one-half to three scale rows wide; usually sixth labial under eye, sometimes fifth on one side, sixth on other mabouya
Mabuya mabouya mabouya (Lacépede) 1820 Sc ncus ceped Merrem, Tentamen Systematis Amphibiorum: 71' Type-locality: Unknown. I823 Sc ncus aq il is Raddi, Mem. Soc. Italiana Sc . Modena, I9: 62. Type-locality: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. 182'5 Scincus bistriatus Spix. Spec. Nov. Lacert. Bras.: 23, pl. 26, fig. 1. Type-locality: Para, Brazil. 1825 Sc ncus n qropunctatus Spix, Spec. Nov. Lacert. Bras.; 24, pl. 26, fig. 2, Type-locality: Ecgá, Brazil. 1826 Mabuya dom n icens s Fitzinger, Neue Classification der Reptilien: 'j2. Type-locality: Dominica Island, Lesser Antilles. I83I Sc ncus ( Til qua ) aenea Gray, Synopsis Species Class Reptilia, in Griffith, Cuvier's Animal Kingdom, 9: 7O. Type-locality: Brazil. 1838 Tiliqua albolabris Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (l) 2: 292. Type-locality: Unknown. Gonqylus^ Eumeces Sp ix 1839 ( ) Duméril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., 5= 642. Type-locality: Cayenne, French Guiana and Brazil. 184') CoDeoolossum cinctum Tsrhndi, Arch, fur Naturg., 11: l62. Type-locality: Forested region i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
I
of Peru.
i
___^^
200
MABUYA Mabuya tnabouya mabouya (Lacépede), continued
1845 Trachylepis
(
Xystrolep
is
punctata Tschudi, Arch,
)
fur Naturg., 11:
162.
Type-locality:
Peru.
Type-locality: Phila., I856: 154. Hallowell, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc 18S7 Euprepis sur Inamens Sur inam. Type-locality: 1862 Mabuia unimarq nata Cope. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1862: I87. Panama. Type-locality: Phila., 1862: I87. Sci. Acad. Nat. Proc. 1862 Mabuia lanceolata Cope. Barbados. Type-locality: ISyq Mabuya metallica Bocourt, Miss. Sci. Mex., Rept.: 400, pi. 228, fig. 1. Mart n que. Santa Lucia Island. Type-locality: 1887 Mabuia luciae Garman. Bull. Essex Inst., I9: 51. Dominica Island, Type-locality: 1887 Mabuia dominicana Carman. Bull. Essex Inst., I5: 51. Lesser Antilles. Sci. Phila., Acad. Nat. 5**Proc. 87: Dunn, mabouya mabouya Mabuya 1935 Moliendo, Type-locality: 1935 Mabuya desert icola Dunn. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc!. Phila., 87: 554. i
I
.
i
!
i
—
Peru.
Panama; Pacific Colombia and Ecuador; entire Amazonian region; Caribbean Distribution: Islands including Pato, Trinidad, Tobago, Barbados and Lesser Antilles.
Mabuya mabouya all iacea Cope
I875 Mabuia alliacea Cope, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., (2) Type-locality: Costa Rica. Burger, Copeia, 1952: 186. 1952 Mabuya mabouya all iacea
(I875):
8
115, pl-
28,
fig.
1.
—
Veracruz and Sinaloa, Mexico to Costa Rica.
Distribution:
Mabuya mabouya perqrav
i
s
Barbour
Type-locality: Colombia. 1921 Mabuya pergravi s Barbour, Proc. New England Zool. Club, 7' 851950 Mabuya mabouya pergravis Dunn and Saxe, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 102: 154.
—
Providence Island, Colombia, and presumably nearby mainland of Colombia.
Distribution:
MABUYA MACRORHYNCHA Hoge 1946 Mabuya macrorhyncha Hoge, Grande, Brazil.
Distribution:
Mem.
Butantan, I9:
Inst.
llha Queimada Grande,
241,
pis.
1-4.
Type-locality:
llha Queimada
Brazil.
MABUYA MACULATA (Gray) ¡qua punctata Gray (preoccupied by Lacerta punctata Linnaeus - Mabuya punctata ) . Ann. Mag. Nat. ¡St., (1) 2: 289. Type-locality: Fernando de Noronha, Brazil. Surinam (in error). 1833 Tiliqua maculata Gray. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (l) 2: 289. Type-locality: Cape of 'Shaughnessy, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (4) I3: 3'"'' Type-locality: I874 Mabouya punctat ss ima
I839
T
i
1
H
i
Good Hope? 1945 Mabuya atlant ica Schmidt (replacement name for Mabuya punctata 1946 Mabuya punctata
Distribution:
— Travassos,
Bol.
Mus.
llha Fernando de Noronha,
Nac.
Brasil, 60: 3> pls.
) .
Copeia, I945: 45, fig.
1.
1-11.
Brazil.
MABUYA NIGROPALMATA Andersson 1918 Mabuia nigropalmata Anderssonj Ark. and San Fermin, Bolivia.
for Zool.,
11
(I6):
8.
Type-locality: Rio Curuca, Brazil
Distribution: Known from type localities; material from Monte Turumiquire, Venezuela, included under this name by Dunn, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 87, 554.
1^^
is
201_
**
REPTILIA: SAURIA: TEIIDAE
MACROPHOLIDUS
MACROPHOLIDUS Noble 1921 Macropholidus Noble, Ann. New York Acad, Noble.
Distribution: Content:
Sci.,
2'):
1'}].
Type-species:
Ecuador and northern Peru.
Two species.
Clave de especies
Key to the species 1.
Macropholidus ruthveni
Dorsal scales smooth— Dorsal scales striated and keeled
—
ruthveni annectens
1.
Escamas dorsales lisasEscamas dorsales estriadas __
o
ruthveni quilladas»-
—annectens
MACROPHOLIDUS ANNECTENS Parker IS^O Macropholidus annectens Parker, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (lO) Loja City, Ecuador.
Distribution:
5:
565.
Type-locality:
Vicinity of
Upper drainage of Rfo Zamora, Ecuador.
MACROPHOLIDUS RUTHVENI Noble 1921 Macropholidus ruthveni Noble. Ann. New York Acad. Sci., tween Departments of Piura and Cajamarca, Peru.
Distribution:
-215
0—70
Known only from type locality.
^14
2<):
IJS.
Type-locality:
Cordillera be-
202
repulía: AMPHISBAENIA: AMPHISBAENIDAE
^*
"At
MESOBAENA
MESOBAENA Mertens 1525 Mesobaena Mertens, Senckenberg ¡ana,
Distribution: Content:
7=
!](>•
Type-spec es: i
Mesobaena huebneri Mertens.
As for single known species.
One species.
MESOBAENA HUEBNERI
Mertens
Inirida, soutli Type-locality: Mertens, Senckenberg ana, ]: IJO, figs. 1-2. 1525 Mesobaena huebner Venezuela; corrected to Colombia by Cans, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., I35, I967, 84. i
Distribution:
i
Amazonian Venezuela and Colombia.
203
^^
REPULÍA: SAURIA: TEIIDAE
MICRABLEPHARUS
MICRABLEPHARUS Boettger 1885 Micrablepharus Boettger, Zeitsch. qlaucurus Boettger.
Distribution: Content:
für Naturwiss., ^8:
Type-speci es:
Micrablepharus
Brazil and Paraguay.
Two species.
Key to the species 1.
217.
Clave de especies
Anterior supraciliary scale in contact with frontonasal; first finger absent max imi liani Anterior supraciliary scale not in contact with dunn frontonasal; first finger present i
1.
Supraciliar anterior nasal; dedo interno Supraciliar anterior nasal; dedo interno
contacta con el frontoausente max imil iani no contacta con el frontopresente dunni
MICRABLEPHARUS MAXIMILIANI (Reinhardt and LUtken) 1862 Gvmnophthalmus Maximiliani Reinhardt and Ltjtken, Vidensk. Medd. Naturhist. Foren. Kjobenhavn, Type-locality: Brazil. 3 (l86l): 211, pi. 5, fig. 6. 1885 Micrablepharus qlaucurus Boettger, Zeitsch. fur Naturwiss., 58: 218. Type-locality: Paraguay. Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2; 426. 1885 Micrablepharus max im 1 ian i
Distribution:
i
—
Brazil and Paraguay.
MICRABLEPHARUS DUNNI Laurent Type1949 Micrablepharus dunni Laurent, Bull. Inst. Roy. Sci. Nat. Belgique, 25 (9): 3> figs. 4-6. "Santa Marta", with country unknown} Laurent suggested either Colombia or Brazil, locality: but the name occurs commonly throughout South America.
Distribution:
Unknown.
204
***
repulía: SAURIA: IGÜANIDAE
MORUNASAURUS
MORUNASAURUS Dunn 1533 Morunasaurus Dunn, Occ. Pap. Boston Soc, Nat. Hist., 8: 75Dunn. qro
Type-species:
Morunasaurus
i
Distribution: Content:
Disjunct; known from Amazonian Ecuador and one locality
in
Panama.
Two species.
Key to the species
Clave de especies
Dorsonuchal crest present; tail compressed; annul! of spines on tail separated by three scale rows dorsally and two ventrally annular is Dorsonuchal crest absent; tail circular; annuii of spines on tail separated by four scale rows dorsally and three ventrally qro i
1.
Cresta dorsonucal presente; cola comprimida; .anillos espinosos caudales separados por tres hileras dorsales y dos hileras ventrales de escamas— annular s Cresta dorsonucal ausente; cola circular; anillos espinosos separados por cuatro hileras dorsales y tres hileras ventrales de escamas--
—
i
qro
MORUNASAURUS ANNULARIS (O 'Shaughnessy) 1881 Hoplocercus annularis O'Shaughnessy, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1881: 244, pl. locality: Canelos, Ecuador. 1533 Morunasaurus annularis-.-Dunn. Occ. Pap. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 8: 76.
Distribution;
25,
fig.
2.
Type-
Amazonian Ecuador.
MORUNASAURUS GROI Dunn 1933 Morunasaurus qro Antón, Panama.
Distribution:
i
Dunn, Occ. Pap.
Boston Soc. Nat. Hist.,
Known only from type locality.
8;
76.
Type-locality:
Valle de San
I
205
****
repulía: SAURIA: TEIIDAE
NEUSTICURUS
NEUSTICURUS Duméril and Bibron 1839 Neust icurus Duméril and Bibron, Erp.
Gen.,
5=
6l.
Type-species:
Lacerta
b
icari nata Linnaeus.
Distribution: Mountain areas of Costa Rica to Amazonian region, east of Andes. Content: Seven species, according to most recent revision, by Uzzell, Bull. Amer. 32, 1566, plus an eighth ( racen s ) recently revived from synonymy. i
Key to the species 1.
2.
Dorsum covered by regular scales, not granules Dorsum covered with fine, granular scales
3.
Nat.
Hist.,
Clave de especies
2
racen
Tympanum deeply recessed within an external auditory meatus (except in holotype of tate ) tail strongly compressed in adults, less so in juveniles Tympanum not or but slightly recessed; tail slightly or moderately compressed i
Mus.
i
i
s
i
Dorso no cubierto con escamas finamente granulares Dorso cubierto con escamas finamente granulares racen
3 4
Body with several longitudinal rows of tuberculate scales; temporal scales keeled, l<eels parallel and longitudinal; frontonasal-f rental area usually with regular scales; two scales along side of tail for each two median ventral b icari natus caudal scales (fig. l) Body with at most one posterior dorsolateral series of enlarged scales; temporal scales conical; frontonasal-f rontal area usually with irregular scales; three to five scales along side of tail for each two median ventral tatei caudal scales (Fig. 2)
i
s
Tímpano profundamente deprimido dentro del meato auditivo (excepto en el holotipo de tate ) cola fuertemente comprimida en adultos; menos en juveniles Tímpano no deprimido o ligeramente; cola moderadamente com prim da i
;
2
i
;
3 A
i
Cuerpo con varias hileras longitudinales de tubérculos; escamas temporales guilladas, quillas longitudinales y paralelas; area frontonasal y frontal frecuentemente con escamas regulares; dos escamas a lo largo de los lados de la cola por cada dos escamas caudales medio ventrales (Fig. l) b icari natus Cuerpo con la serie más posterior de escamas dorsolaterales ensanchadas; escamas temporales cónicas; área frontonasal y frontal frecuentemente con escamas irregulares; tres a cinco escamas a lo largo de los lados de la cola por cada des escamas caudales medio tatei ventrales (Fig. 2)
—
ii^JM-g Fig, 1. Lateral view eral scales for each tw scales.
f
tail, showing two latmedian ventral caudal
Tympanum slightly recessed; body with irregular rows of dorsal tubercles; disc in lower eyelid divided into sections by vertical grooves; three to five scales along side of tail for r"^'^ each two median ventral caudal scales Tympanum slightly or not recessed; body with no or tubercles, of rows regular or irregular tubercles present; disc in lower eyelid divided or not; two or three scales along side of tail for each two median ventral caudal scales-
Fig. 2. Lateral view of tail, showing three to five lateral scales for each two median ventral caudal scales.
Tfmpano ligeramente hundido; cuerpo con hileras irregulares de tubérculos dorsales; disco del párpado inferior dividido por surcos verticales; tres a cinco escamas a los lados de la cola por cada dos escamas medioventrales rud
i
s
Tímpano hundido (ligeramente o no); cuerpo con hileras regulares o irregulares de tubérculos o bien sin tubérculos; disco en el párpado inferior dividido o no; dos o tres escamas a lo largo de los lados de la cola por cada dos '^ escamas caudales medioventrales
206
NEUSTICURUS
Tympanum not recessed; tubercles, if present, in regular or irregular rows; if tubercles present, lateral scales heterogeneous; tail 1.4 to 2.1 times body length 6 Tympanum slightly recessed; enlarged dorsal in lateral scales on body four regular rows; scales uniform, small; no tubercles on head or sides; tail short, 1.1 to 1.5 times body length; nostril surrounded by brown or blacl< cochranae spot
5.
Timpano no hundido; tubérculos si están presentes en hileras regulares o irregulares; si los tubérculos están presentes las escamas laterales son heterogéneas; cola 1,4 to 2,1 6 veces la longitud del cuerpo Tímpano ligeramente hundido; escamas dorsales ensanchadas en el cuerpo en cuatro hileras regulares; escamas laterales uniformes, pequeñas; no hay tubérculos a los lados de la cabeza; cola corta, 1,1 to 1,5 veces la longitud del cuerpo; orificio nasal rodeado de manchas negras o castañas cochranae
Upper lateral nuchal scales conical, forming one or more longitudinal rows of tubercles; two to five posterior preanals 7 Upper lateral nuchal scales small, uniform, not forming longitudinal rows; two large posterior preanals; no conspicuous light areas on upper forelimbs strangulatus
6.
Escamas nucales supralaterales cónicas formando una o más hileras longitudinales de tubérculos; dos a cinco preanales posteriores 7 Escamas nucales supralaterales pequeiías, uniformes no forman hileras longitudinales; dos preanales posteriores anchas; ausencia de áreas claras conspicuas en las extremidades anter ores strangulatus i
Frontonasal-f rontal area with irregular scales; two series of supraoculars; three scales along side of tail for each two median ventral caudal scales; translucent disc In lower eyelid divided into sections by vertical groovesapodemus Frontonasal-frontal area with regular scales; one series of supraoculars; usually two scales along side of tail for each two median ventral caudal scales; translucent disc in lower ecpleopus eyelid rarely divided
7.
Area frontonasal y frontal con escamas irregulares; dos series de supraoculares; tres escamas a lo largo de los lados de la cola por cada dos escamas caudales medioventrales; disco transparente ocular dividido en apodemus secciones por surcos verticales Area frontonasal y frontal con escamas regulares; una serie de supraoculares; usualmente dos escamas a lo largo de los lados de la cola por cada dos escamas caudales medioventrales; disco transparente ocular raraecpleopus mente divid! do
NEUSTICURUS APODEMUS Uzzell 1966 Neusticurus apodemus Uzzell. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 132: San Isidro del General, San José, Costa Rica, 865 m.
Distribution:
298,
figs.
3-4.
Type-locality:
Known only from type-locality.
NEUSTICURUS BICARINATUS (Linnaeus) 1758 Lacerta b icar nata L nnaeus, Systema Naturae, Ed. 10: 201. Type-locality; I839 Neusticurus b. cari natus Dumérll and Bibron, Erp. Gen., 5; 64. 1966 Neust icurus b_ carinatus Uzzell, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 132: 281. i
Distribution:
— —
"Indi is."
Guyana; eastern Venezuela; Estado do Para and Estado de RondSnia, Brazil.
NEUSTICURUS COCHRANAE Burt and Burt 1931 Neusticurus ecpleopus cochranae Burt and Burt, Bull. Amer. Mus. Type-locality: San José de Sumaco, Ecuador. 1966 Neusticurus cochranae Uzzell, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 32:
—
Distribution:
Amazonian lowlands of northern Ecuador.
Nat. 3O7.
Hist., 6I: 35O.
207
NEUSTICURUS
NEUSTICURUS ECPLEOPUS Cope 1876 Neusticurus ecpleopus Cope, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sc Phila., (2) 8 (I875): I6I. Type-local ty: Peru; according to Uzzell, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., I32, 1566, 29O, probably in drainage of R'o Huallaga, between Rioja, Moyobamba, Balsaspuerto, and exit of Huallaga into Amazon Basi Type-locality: Rurrenabaque, 1530 Neust icurus ocellatus Sinitsin, Amer. Mus. K'ovitates, Í08: 1. !
Bol
i
.
!
via.
iq^S Neusticurus tuberculatus Shreve, Occ. Pap. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 8: 2O9. Sarayacu, Ecuador. 1966 Neusticurus ecpleopus Uzzell, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 132: 25O.
Type-locality:
—
Eastern slopes of Andes from southern Colombia to central Bolivia; Territorio do Distribution: Acre and Estado do Amazonas, Brazil.
NEUSTICURUS RACENIS 19=18
I
Roze
Neusticurus racenisi Roze. Acta Biol. Venezuelica, Bolivar, Venezuela.
2:
252.
Type-locality; Auyantepu', Estado
Distribution: Known only from type locality.
NEUSTICURUS RUDIS Boulenger 1500 Neust Icurus rudis Boulenger, Trans. Linnaean Soc. London, (2) 8: 53Type-locality: Foot of Mount Roraima, Guyana, IO5O m. Anz., MUller, Zool. Type-locality: Albina, near mouth of 5^: 2551523 Neust icurus suri namens Maroni River, Surinam. Type-locality: Surinam. 1527 Neusticurus dejongi Brongersma, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (9) 20: 5*31966 Neusticurus rudis Uzzell, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 132: 286. I
—
Distribution:
Guyana, Surinam, and extreme eastern Venezuela.
NEUSTICURUS STRANGULATUS (Cope) 1868 Euspondylus according before it 1966 Neusticurus
Type-local ty:__ Ecuador; stranoulatus Cope. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc . Phila., 1868: 99. to Uzzell (below) probably either between Papallacta and Napo, or along R'o Napo, joins Rfo Marañón, in Ecuador or Peru. stranoulatus Uzzell . Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 132: 302. i
i
—
Distribution: Amazonian slopes of Andes, Ecuador and Peru. Content;
Two subspecies. Key to the subspecies
1.
Tubercles absent Tubercles present
Clave de subespecies
stranqula tus trachodus
1.
Tubérculos ausentes Tubérculos presentes
stranoulatus trachodus
Neust icurus stranoulatus stranoulatus (Cope) 1897 Euspondilus Festae Peracca, Boll. Mus. Zool. Comp. Anat. Univ. Torino, 12 (3OO): Type-locality: Valley of Rio Zamora and Rio Santiago, Ecuador. 1966 Neusticurus stranoulatus stranoulatus Uzzell, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 132:
—
Distribution:
Amazonian slopes
in
10.
3O2.
Ecuador and northern Peru.
Neust icurus stranoulatus trachodus Uzzell
1966 Neusticurus stranoulatus trachodus Uzzell. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 32: 3O5. Type-locality: Divisoria (=Cordillera Azul), Huánuco, Peru, I3OO-I6OO m.
Distribution:
Departamento de Huánuco,
in
Andes of Central Peru, between
75''
^nd I6OO
m.
208
NEUSTICURUS NEUSTICURUS TATEI (Burt and Burt) 1931 Arthrosaura tatei Burt and Burt, Bull. Aitier. Mus. Nat. Hist., 6I: Falls, 15 mi north of Esmeraldas, Venezuela, 1400 m. Uzzell. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 132: 283. 1966 Neusticurus tate I
313.
Type-locality: Vegas
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;
Highlands of .Estado Bol'var and Territorio Federal de Amazonas, Venezuela, as well Distribution: as neighboring Brazil, 400 to 1400 m.
209
'^
repulía: SAURIA: ANGUIDAE
^^
OPHIODES
OPHIODES Wagler 1828 Oph iodes Wagler,
Distribution: Content:
Isis von Oken,
Type-spec Íes:
74O.
21:
Pyoopus str iatus Spix.
Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay and Argentina.
Four species.
Key to the species 1.
2.
Supralabials with black bars Supralablals immaculate
Clave de especies 2
vertebral
1.
is
Fewer than 21 dorsal scales in head length; fewer than 147 scales between nape and anus; nasal scale not smaller than second supralabial; nostril in posterior border of nasal scale; fewer than four postmentals in contact with nf ralab ials 3 Head length includes 21 dorsal scales; 147 scales between nape and anus; nasal scale smaller than second supralabial; nostril in middle of nasal scale; four postmentals in contact with infralabials intermed ius
2,
Head length includes 14-15 dorsal scales; hind leg shorter than or equal to eye-snout distance; dorsal longitudinal lines distinct
3-
Supralab iales con barritas negras Supralab Iales inmaculados
Longitud cefálica menos que 21 escamas dorsales; menos de 14/ escamas entre nuca y ano; escama nasal no menor que segunda supralabial; narina en el borde posterior del nasal; menos de cuatro posmentales contactando con los infralab iales
i
3.
str iatus
Head length includes 18 dorsal scales; hind leg longer than eye-snout distance; dorsal longitudinal lines indistinct yacupo i
2
vertebralis
3
Longitud cefálica igual a 21 escamas dorsales; 147 escamas entre nuca y ano; nasal menor que segunda supralabial; narina al medio del nasal; cuatro posmentales contactan con los infralabiales ntermed ius i
Longitude cefálica igual a 14-15 escamas dorsales; extremidad posterior más corta o igual que la distancia ojo-hocico; líneas longitudinales dorsales distintas str iatus Longitud cefálica igual a 18 escamas .dorsales; extremidad posterior más larga que la distancia ojo-hocico; líneas longitudinales doi sales indisti ntas yacupo i
OPHIODES
INTERMEDIOS Boulenger
I854 Ophiodes intermedius Boulenger, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) 13: 3*3Paraguay. 1966 Ophiodes fig.
intermedius
—Gallardo,
Rev.
Mus. Argentino Cieñe.
Nat.
Type-locality:
Near Asunción,
"Bernardino Rivadavia",
9=
13^>
5-
Distribution:
Bolivia and Paraguay to Chubut, western Argentina.
OPHIODES STRIATUS (Spix) Rio de Janeiro, Type-locality: 1824 Pyqopus striatus Spix, Spec. Nov. Lac. Bras.: 25, pi. 28, fig. 1. Brazil. Cariococca, Type-locality: 1824 Pyqopus cariococca Spix, Spec. Nov. Lac. Bras.: 26, pi. 28, fig. 2. Corcovado Mountain, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Isis von Oken, 21: 740. 1828 Oph iodes striatus Wagler, Curityba, Type-locality: 1913 Ophiodes orilli Boulenger, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, (3) 6: 49. Parana, Brazil.
—
Distribution:
Northern Argentina, Uruguay and Brazil.
OPHIODES VERTEBRALIS Bocourt Type locality: 1881 Ophiodes vertebralis Bocourt, Miss. Sci. Mex., Rept.: 455» Pl- 22, figs. 3-3e. southern Brazil and Uruguay. 1966 Ophiodes vertebralis Gallardo, Rev. Mus. Argentino Cieñe. Nat. "Bernardino Rivadavia", 9: 128, fig. 3,
—
Distribution:
Argentina, Uruguay and southern Brazil.
210
repulía: SAURIA: ANGUIDAE
OPHIODES
OPHIODES YACUPOI Gallardo 1966 Ophiodes yacupoi Gallardo. Rev. Mus. Argentino Cieñe. Nat. "Bernardino Rivadavia", Type-locality: Yerbal San Martín, Puerto Libertad, Misiones, Argentina.
Distribution;
From Misiones, Argentina to Mato Grosso, Brazil.
5:
I35, fig.
6.
211
-^
repulía: SAURIA: TEIIDAE
*
OPHIOGNOMON
OPHIOGNOWON Cope 1868 Oph ognomon Cope. I87I Hapalolepis Abendroth I874 Propus Cope Type-spee
Cope, Proc. Acad.
i
i
Phila., 1868:
100.
Type-speci es: Oph oqnomon tr sánale i
i
is
)
i
i
i
Distribution: Content:
Sel.
Nat.
Type-species: Chale ides ( Hapalolep Peters, Monats. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, I87I; 355. Peters. (preoccupied by Propus Oken, I8I6), Proc. Acad. Nat. Se . Phila., I874: 7O. es: Propus verm form s Cope. i
i
Western part of Amazonian basin
in
Ecuador and Peru.
Three species.
Key to the species 1. Forelegs present Forelegs absent 2.
2
verm
if
orm
Fewer than 38 body annuli between axilla and groin; hind leg same length as preanal tr isanale scale More than 40 body annuli between axilla and groin; hind leg reduced to minute tubercle abendroth i
OPHIOGNOMON ABENDROTH!
I
(Peters)
-
Ophioqnomon abendroth
1361 Oph ioqnomon abendroth
i
i
i
i
2.
Extremidad anterior presente Extremidad anterior ausente
2
verm form is i
Menos de 3^ anillos corporales entre extremidad anterior y posterior; extremidad posterior de longitud igual al escudo preanal tr sánale Más de 40 anillos corporales entre extremidad anterior y posterior; extremidad posterior reducida a un tubérculo abendroth i
i
i
'¿
I87I Chalcides (H apalolepis ) Abendroth locality: Sarayacu, Peru. 188'5
1,
is
i
i
Peters, Monats. Akad. Wiss.
Berlin, I87I:
355.
Type-
—Boulenqer. Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.,
— Vanzolini,
Pap. Avul.
Dept.
2; 421. Zool. Sao Paulo, 14:
243, figs.
Distribution: Amazonian lowlands of Ecuador and Peru.
OPHIOGNOMON TRISANALE Cope 1868 Oph ioqnomon tr sánale Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1868: 100. Type-locality: Napo or Alto Marañen, Ecuador. 1961 Ophioqnomon trisanale Vanzolini, Pap. Avul. Dept. Zool. SSo Paulo, 14; 25O. i
—
Distribution: Amazonian Ecuador.
OPHIOGNOMON VERM FORM I
IS
(Cope)
I874 Propus vermiformis Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1874: 7''' Amazonian Peru. I885 Oph oqnomon verm if orme Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 421. i
—
Distribution; Amazonian Peru.
Type-locality; Nauta,
i
212
REPTILIA:
'^ '^
IGUANIDAE
SAURIA:
OPHRYOESSOIDES
Prepared by Richard Etheridge, San Diego State College, San Diego, California
OPHRYOESSOIDES Oumlril Type1845 Eulophus Tschudi (preoccupied by Eulophus Geoffrey, I762), Arch, fur Naturg., 11: IJISte ironotus ( Eulophus ) arenar ius Tschudi. species: Ophryoessoi des Type-species: I85I Ophryoessoides Dumeril. Cat. Méth. Coll. Rept. Mus. Paris: 66. tr icr status Duméril. Brachysaurus Type-species: 18S6 Brachysaurus Hallowell. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc . Phila., I856: 232. erythroqaster Hallowell. Scartiscus caducus Cope. Type-species: 1862 Scartiscus Cope. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1862: 182. i
i
Distribution: Paraguay. Content:
Andes region of Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia; also l<nown from Brazil and
Fourteen species.
Clave de especies
Key to the species 1.
Escamas ventrales agudamente guilladas, iguales 2 o más qui Hadas que las dorsales Escamas ventrales lisas o débilmente quilladas, si son quilladas lo son mucho menos que las dorsales 5
2.
Sin escamas grandes en la reg'6n occipital; to.das las escamas de la cabeza son quilladas-3 Dos tres escamas grandes lisas en la region aculea tus occipital posterior a la órbita
Fewer than 55 paravertebral scales; fewer than 4 50 midbody scales More than 55 paravertebral scales from occiput to anterior margin of thigh; more than 5O scales around midbody scapular s
3-
Menos de 55 escamas paravertebrales; menos de 5^ escamas alrededor del cuerpoMás de 55 escamas paravertebrales desde el occipucio al margen anterior del muslo; más de scapular s ^0 escamas alrededor del Cuerpo
No projecting supere 1 ar es; tail more than twice as long as head and body caducus Supere 1 iar Íes projecting at posterolateral córner of orbit; tail less than twice length of head and body trier istatus
4.
Superciliares no se proyectan; cola más del doble del largo de la cabeza y el cuerpo caducus Superciliares se proyectan al ángulo posterolateral de la órbita; cola menos del doble del tr icrista tus largo de la cabeza y el cuerpo
Supraoculars broadly dilated Supraoculars not broadly dilated
5-
Supraoculares dilatadas anchamente Supraoculares no dilatadas
ormosus haensch
6.
Cuatro supraoculares dilatadas Seis supraoculares dilatadas
8
].
Menos de 80 escamas paravertebrales Más de 80 escamas paravertebrales
very large scales in occipital region, scales on top of head keeled 5 Two or three very large, smooth scales in occipital region r descens
8.
Región occipital sin escamas grandes; escamas '^^ 1^ parte superior de la cabeza quilladas Dos tres escamas lisas muy grandes en la región occipital r descens
Ventrals weakly keeled Ventrals smooth
5.
1.
Ventral scales sharply keeled, equal to or even 2 more sharply keeled than dorsal scales Ventral scales smooth or weakly keeled; if keeled, much less strongly keeled than dorsal scales 5
2.
No very large scales
in
occipital region; all
head scales keeled Two or three very large,
3
smooth scales in occipital region posterior to orb ts- aculeatus i
3.
i
4.
i
i
i
i
i
5.
5.
Four broadly dilated supraoculars Six broadly dilated supraoculars
7.
Fewer than 80 paravertebral scales More than 80 paravertebral scales
8.
No
6 ]
f
i
arenar ius
i
5.
i
10 11
10. More than 40 scales around midbody
More
7 f ormosus
haensch
i
8
arenar ius
—
i
i
Ventrales débilmente quilladas Ventrales 1 isas
10 11
10. Más de 40 escamas alrededor del medio cuerpo
trachycephalus Fewer than 40 scales around midbody erythroqaster 11. Fewer
6
—
than 60 scales around middle of body 12 than 60 scales around middle of body quen ther i
trachycephalus Menos de 40 escamas alrededor del medio cuerpoerythroqaster ;
60 escamas alrededor del medio cuerpo 12 60 escamas alrededor del medio cuerpo--
11. Menos de
Más de
quenther
i
213
OPHRYOESSOIDES
12. Lados del abdomen negros;
small postfemoral and postaxillary dermal pouches 13 Sides of belly red or pink; large postfemoral rhodomelas and postaxillary dermal pouches
bolsas dermales postfemorales y postaxilares pequeñas 13 Lados del abdomen rojos o rosados; bolsas dermales postf emorales y postaxilares grandes rhodomelas
12. Sides of belly black;
f estae ornatus
13. More than 46 scales around body Fewer than 47 scales around body
OPHRYOESSOIDES ACULEATUS
(
O'
l'^.Niás
de 46 escamas alrededor del medio cuerpo
f estae Menos de i] escamas alrededor del medio cuerpoornatus
Shaughnessy)
Type-locality: 1879 Leiocephalus aculeatus O' Shauqhnessy. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) 4: 3O3. Moyobamba, Peru. Type-locality: Ecuador. 1301 Liocephalus anqulifer Werner. Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien, 'yl: 555Etheridge, Copeia, I966: 88. 1966 [ Ophryoesso des j aculeatus
—
i
Amazonian slopes of Ecuador and Peru.
Distribution:
OPHRYOESSOIDES ARENARIOS (Tschudi) Type-locality: Peru; given I845 Ste ronotus ( Eulophus ) arenar ius Tschudi, Arch, fur Naturg., 11: 154« as Huacho, north of Lima, Peru, by Tschudi, Fauna Peruana, Herp., 1846, 26. Type-locality: Merced, 1901 Liocephalus rhodoqaster Boulenger, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.., (7) ]'• 5^7R'o Perene, Peru, 325O ft. Type1901 Liocephalus lineoqularis Werner. Abh. Ber. K. Zool. Anthro. -Ethn. Mus. Dresden, 9 (2): 3. Chanchamayo, Peru. locality: Copeia, Ophryoesso arenar ius Etheridge, 88. des I966: 1966 [ j i
—
i
Distribution:
Peru.
OPHRYOESSOIDES CADUCUS (Cope) Type-locality: Paraguay. 1862 Scartiscus caducus Cope. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc . Phila., 1862: 182. Type-locality: I89O L ocephalus bol vianus Boulenger, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, I89O: 82, pi. 9Bolivia. Type-locality: 1910 Scartiscus 1 ocephalo des Werner. Mitt. Naturhist. Mus. Hamburg, 27 (2): 23. Paraguay. Etheridge, Copeia, I966: 88. 1956 [ Ophryoesso des j caducus i
i
i
i
i
—
i
Distribution:
Bolivia, Paraguay, and Mato Grosso, Brazil.
OPHRYOESSOIDES ERYTHROGASTER Hallowell 18S6 Brachysaurus erythroqaster Hallowell. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc . Phila., New Grenada. Etheridge, Copeia, 1966: 88. 1966 Ophryoessoides J erythroqaster i
232.
Type-locality:
—
[_
Distribution:
I856:
Sierra do Santa Marta and northern Andean highlands of Colombia.
OPHRYOESSOIDES FESTAE (Peracca) I897 Le iocephalus Festae Peracca, Bol. Mus. Zool. Comp. Anat. Univ. Torino, 12 (3OO): 6, fig. locality: Cuenca, Ecuador. 1966 [ Ophryoessoi des j festae Etheridge, Copeia, I966: 88.
—
Distribution:
Inter-Andean plateau
in
Cuenca valley, Ecuador.
Type-
214
OPHRYOESSOIDES
QPHRYOESSOIDES FORMOSUS (Boulenger) 1880 Liocephalus formosus Boulenger, Bull. Soc. Zool. France, 1880; 43. Ecuador. 1566 [ Ophryoessoides ] formosus Etheridge, Copeia, 1566: 88.
Type-locality:
Andes of
—
Distribution:
Still known only from type specimen.
OPHRYOESSOIDES GUENTHERI (Boulenger) 1885 Liocephalus ouentheri Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: I65, pi. I3. and Sarayacu, Ecuador, and a questioned specimen from Colombia. Etheridge, Copeia, I566: 88. 1566 Ophryoessoides ] quenther
Guayaquil
—
i
[
Distribution:
Type-locality:
— Andean
Apparently confined to intei
plateau
in
Ecuador.
OPHRYOESSOIDES HAENSCHI (Werner) Balzapamba, Type-locality: 1901 Liocephalus haenschi Werner. Verh. Zool. -Sot. Ges. Wien, 5I: 555. Ecuador. Burt and Burt (in error for haensch ). Trans. Acad. Sc . St. Louis, 28: 2/. 1333 Leiocephalus haench Etheridge, Copeia, I966: 88. 1966 r Ophryoessoides J haenschi i
—
i
i
—
Known only from type locality.
Distribution:
OPHRYOESSOIDES IRIDESCENS (Günther) 1859 Liocephalus iridescens Günther, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 185?: 409, pl- 20, fig. Andes of Ecuador. locality: Etheridge, Copeia, I966: 88. r idescens 1966 [ Ophryoessoi des
Type-
—
i
Guayaquil to El Oro Province,
Distribution:
B.
in
drier coastal areas of Ecuador.
OPHRYOESSOIDES ORNATUS (Gray) Type-locality: 1845 Le iocephalus ornatus Gray, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: 2191966 [_ Ophryoessoides J ornatus Etheridge, Copeia, I966: 88.
Guayaquil, Ecuador.
—
West coast of Ecuador; northern coast of Peru.
Distribution;
OPHRYOESSOIDES RHODOMELAS (Boulenger) I899 Liocephalus rhodomelas Boulenger, Ann.
1966
6500 ft. Ophryoesso des J rhodomelas i
i^
Distribution:
Intei
— Andean
— Etheridge,
Mag.
Nat.
Hist., (7)
Copeia, I966:
4:
455.
Type-locality:
Ofia,
7'
5''^'
Type-locality;
Perene, Peru,
Ecuador,
88.
plateaus of southern Ecuador.
OPHRYOESSOIDES SCAPULARIS (Boulenger) iocephalus scapular 2600 ft.
Boulenger, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (7)
1901
L
1966
Ophryoesso ides j scapular [
Distribution:
is
i
s
— Etheridge,
Copeia, I966: 89.
Amazonian slopes of Peru.
OPHRYOESSOIDES TRACHYCEPHALUS (Oumlril) Holotropis J Trachycephalus Duméril, Cat. Méth. Coll. Rept. Mus. Paris: 7". Fé de Bogotá, Colombia. 1966 [ Ophryoessoides J trachycephalus Etheridge, Copeia, I966: 89. I85I
|_
—
Distribution:
Highlands of eastern Andes of Colombia.
Type-locality:
Santa
215
OPHRYOESSOIDES
nPHRYOESSOIDES TRICRISTATUS Oumlril Type-locality: Paris: 66. I85I Ophryoessoides Tricristatus Duméril, Cat. Méth. Coll. Rept. Mus. Brazil. Zool., Rept. Novara, Ste indachner, Reíase der Osterre ich schen Fregatte I869 Ophryoessoides Dumerili Type-locality: Para, Brazil. 33, pi. 2, fig. 5. 88-. 1566 Ophryoessoides trier status Ether dge, Copeia, I566: i
i
I
Distribution;
Western Brazil.
—
i
216
****
REPULĂ?A: SAURIA: TEIIDAE
OPIPEUTER
Prepared by Thomas Uzzell, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut OPIPEUTER Uzzell
l%q
Opipeuter Uzzell. Postilla, 125:
Distribution: Content:
3.
Type-species:
Opipeuter xestus Uzzell.
As for only known species.
One species.
OPIPEUTER XESTUS Uzzell iq6q Opipeuter xestus Uzzell, Postilla, 2200 m.
Distribution: 3000 m.
I25:
4.
Type-locality:
Incachaca, Cochabamba, Bolivia
Eastern Andean slopes of central Bolivia, headwaters of Rfo Chapare between 1000 and
217
-^ JK
repulía: SAURIA: TEIIDAE
PANTODACTYLUS
jf:
PANTODACTYLUS Duméril and Bibron 1835 Pantodactvlus Duméril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., Duméril and Bibron.
Distribution: Content:
"28.
5=
South America east of Andes and below 10°
Pantodactylus d'Orbiqnyi
Type-spec ¡es:
S.
Two species, according to most recent revision by Ruibal,
Bull.
Mus. Comp.
Zool., 106,
1552.
Clave de especies
Key to the species 1.
Males with fewer than 8/8 femoral pores; two schre bers preanal scales Males with 8/8 femoral pores or more; three quadr il inea tus preanal scales i
1.
Machos con menos de 8/8 poros femorales; dos schre ibers escamas preanales Machos con 8/8 poros femorales o más; tres quadr il neatus escamas preanales i
i
i
PANTODACTYLUS OUADRIL INEATUS (Boettger) I876 Cercosaura ( Pantodactvlus ) quadr il ineatus Boettger, Ber. Senckenberg ischen Naturforsch. Ges., SSo Paulo, Brazil. Type-locality: I876: 141. Type1948 Pantodactvlus femoralis Vanzolini. Pap. Avul. Depto. Zool., Sao Paulo, 8: 337, fig. Mariana, Estado de Minas Gerais, Brazil. locality: 1952 Pantodactylus quadr 1 neatus Ruibal, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 106: 513' i
Distribution:
—
i
SSo Paulo, Minas Gerais, and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
PANTODACTYLUS SCHRE BERS I
I
I
Wiegmann
I834 Cercosaurus Schreibersii Wiegmann, Herpetologia Mexicana: 10. Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 188'^ Pantodactvlus schreibersii
—
Distribution: Content:
Brazil.
Three subspecies, according to revision by Ruibal, 1952.
Clave de subespecies
Lateral white stripe originating below eye, passing through lower half of ear and 2 above forelimb No lateral white stripe; overall color gray or black; usually with dorsolateral white stripe schre ibers
1.
Some dorsal scales black-tipped and arranged to form irregular vertebral and paravertebral longitudinal stripes; fernales with 0/0 or 1/1 femoral pores albostr iqatus Color pattern not as above; females with parkeri 2/2 or 3/3 femoral pores
2.
i
2.
i
358.
Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, Bolivia, southern Brazil, and southeastern Peru.
Key to the subspecies 1.
Type-local ty: 2:
Pantodactylus schre ibers
i
i
schre bers i
i
i
Cinta lateral blanca, originada bajo el ojo, que pasa por debajo del medio del oído y encima de la extremidad anterioi Sin cinta lateral; dorsal color gris o negruzco; usualmente con una cinta blanca dorso lateral schre ibers
Buenos Type-local ty: 1839 Pantodactvlus d'Orbiqnyi Duméril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., 5: 43I. A ires. Argent ina. Type-local ty: 1863 Pantodactylus bivittatus Cope. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1863: IO3. PaysandJ, Uruguay. 1894 Pantodactylus Borellii Peracca. Boll. Mus. Zool. Comp. Anat. Univ. Torino, 9 (176): !• Colonia Apa, alto río Paraguay, Paraguay. Type-locality: schre bers Ruibal, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 106: 5151952 Pantodactylus schre ibers i
i
i
Distribution:
i
i
i
i
i
i
Algunas manchas del punteado negro dorsal se disponen formando líneas longitudinales irregulares que corren vertebral y paravertebralmente; hembras con 0/0 a l/l albostr igatus poros femorales DiseRo no como el anterior; hembras con 2/2 Parkeri 3/3 poros femorales
(Wiegmann)
i
2
—
Northern Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay and southern Brazil.
218
PANTODACTYLUS Pantodact vlus schre ibers
i
i
albostr
iqa-tus
(Griffin)
Type-locality: 1917 Pr ionodact ylus albostr gatus Griffin, Ann. Carnegie IVIus., 11: '}li, pi. Ji, Sete Lagoas, Estado de Minas Gerais, Brazil. albostr gatus Ruibal, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 106: 517* 1552 Pr ionodact vlus sclire bers i
i
Distribution:
i
i
i
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;
Estado de Minas Gerais to Estado de Mato Grosso, Brazil.
Pantodact ylus schre ibers
i
i
parker
Ruibal
parker Ruibal, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 106: 1552 Pantodactvlus schre ibersi locality: Buenavista, Departamento de Santa Cruz, Bolivia. i
Distribution:
Jl^-
Type-
Amazonian Bolivia, southeastern lowlands of Peru, and Mato Grosso, Brazil.
219^
**
repulía: SAURIA: IGUANIDAE
PHENACOSAURUS
PHENACOSAURUS Barbour 1520 Phenacosaurus Barbour, Proc. New England Zool. Club, Dumér 1.
62.
I'.
Type-spec Íes:
Anolis heterodermus
i
Distribution:
Mountainous areas of Colombia,
Content:
Three species.
Comment:
A
revision soon to be published by James Lazell will change this genus considerably.
Clave de especies
Key to the species 1.
Single row of scales in dorsal crest, best -2 developed on nape of neck Two rows of pointed scales in dorsal crest heterodermus
1.
Una sola hilera de escamas en la cresta dorsal, 2 con máximo desarrollo en la nuca Dos hileras de escamas puntudas en la cresta
2.
dorsal scalation, some scales larger than others but never as much as twice n icef or as large Large, flat scales in dorsal scalation completely separated from one another by much smaller scales, granules, and even naked skin
2.
Escamas dorsales sin granulos, algunas escamas mayores que otras pero nunca el doble de n icef or tamaño Escamas dorsales grandes planas completamente separadas entre s' por escamas mucho más chicas, granulos y aun piel desnuda
No granules
in
dorsal
i
r ichteri
heterodermus
i
r ichteri
PHENACOSAURUS HETERODERMUS (Duméril) Rept. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris: Type-locality: 5?. Colomb ia. 62. 1520 [ Phenacosaurus J heterodermus- Barbour, Proc. New England Zool. Club, 7' Paramo Type-locality: 1545 Phenacosaurus paramoens s Hellmich, Deutsche Aquar. -Ze ts. , 2: IO5, fig. de Sumapaz, Colombia, 375'^ "'• 1569 Phenacosaurus heterodermus Marinkelle, Lacerta, 27: 37> figs.
I85I A.
nolis ] heterodermus Duméril. Cat. Meth. Coll.
—
i
i
—
Distribution:
Cundinamarca and Boyaca, Colombia,
PHENACOSAURUS NICEFORI Dunn 154* Phenacosaurus n icefori Dunn, Caldasia, Norte de Santander, Colombia, 2340 m.
Distribution:
{^^)'-
59>
^'9*
Type-locality:
Vicinity of Pamplona,
Norte de Santander, Colombia and Sierra de Perija, Venezuela.
PHENACOSAURUS RICHTERI
Dunn
1944 Phenacosaurus richteri Colombia, 2645 m.
Distribution:
3
Dunn, Caldasia, 3 (n): 60, fig«
Type-locality:
Cundinamarca, Caldas, and possibly Antioquia, Colombia.
Tabic, Cundinamarca,
220
REPTIL lA: SAURIA:
**
TEIIDAE
PHOLIDOBOLUS
PHOLIDOBOLUS Peters 1862 Pholidobolus Peters, Abh. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1862: 155. mont ium Peters.
Distribution: Content:
Interandean Peru and Ecuador.
Two species.
Clave de especies
Key to the species 1.
Ecpleopus (Pholidobolus)
Type-species:
mont ium anomalus
Prefrontal absent Prefrontal rudimentary
1.
i"ontium
Prefrontal ausente Prefrontal rudimentario
anomalus
PHOLIDOBOLUS ANOMALUS Miiller 192^ Pholidobolus anomalus Müller. Zool. Anz.,
Distribution:
57:
52.
Type-locality:
Cuzco, Peru.
Known only from type locality.
PHOLIDOBOLUS MONTIUM (Peters) 1862 Ecpleopus f Phol idobolus ) montium Peters, Abh. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1862: Type-locality: Quito, Ecuador. Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 4O3. 188'i Pholidobolus montiunr
—
Distribution»
Interandean Ecuador.
I96, pi.
2,
fig.
3.
22_1
REPTILIA: SAURIA:
**
IGUANIDAE
PHRYNOSAURA
PHRYNOSAURA Werner iqO? Phrvnosaura Werner, Werner. re iche
!n
Burger, An. Univ. Chile, 121: I51.
Type-species:
Phrynosaqra
i
Distribution: Content:
Northern Chile and western Argentina, possibly desert areas of southern Peru.
Three species.
Clave de especies
Key to the species 1.
One row of scales between subocular and supra-
1.
Ventral scales on tail keeled; eleven supramarmoratus lab ais Ventral scales on tail smooth; six suprareichei labials
supra-
y
2
labiales
2 labials Two rows of scales between subocular and suprawerneri labials
2.
Una fila de escamas entre subocular
Dos filas de escamas entre subocular
suprawerneri
y
labiales 2.
i
Escamas ventrales de la cola quilladas; once marmoratus supralab iales Escamas ventrales de la cola lisas; seis re iche supralab iales i
PHRYNOSAURA MARMORATA (Burmeister)
Type-local ty: I86I Leiosaurus marmoratus Burmeister, Reise durch die La Plata-Staaten, 2: 521. Quebrada de la Troya, north of Anillaco; also Alpaquinche and Añapa, west of Catamarca; all i
Provincia Catamarca, Argentina. Müller, Zool. Anz., 77= 62. 1928 Phrvnosaura marmorata
—
Distribution:
Desert and arid areas of Catamarca, Argentina.
PHRYNOSAURA REICHEI Werner 1907 Phrynosaura reichei Werner, Iquique, Chile. locality:
Distribution:
in
Burger, An. Univ. Chile, 121:
I5I,
pi.
1,
figs. 2a-b.
Type-
Desert of Antofagasta and Tarapaca, Chile; probably deserts of southern Peru.
PHRYNOSAURA WERNERI Müller Unknown. Type-locality: 1928 Phrynosaura werneri Müller. Zool. Anz., 77: 64. Type-locality: 1966 Liolaemus lentus Gallardo. Neotropica, 12 (37): I7, fig. 1. Puelen, La Pampa, Argentina.
Distribution:
Salitral de Cochica, La Pampa, Argentina.
Altos de Cochico,
in
__^
222
repulía: SAURlA: GEKKONIDAE
ÍK
*
PHYLLODACTYLUS
PHYLLODACTYLUS Gray 1828 PhyllodactYlus Gray, Spicileg. Zool.: 3« Type-species; Phvllodactvlus pulcher Gray. Type-species: Euleptes wagler Fitzinger = 1843 Euleptes Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: 55Phyllodactylus europaeus Gene. Systeina Reptilium: 95" 1843 Pi scodactylus Fitzinger (preoccupied by D Iscodactylus Waaler, 1833) Type-species: Phyllodactylus tuberculosus Wiegmann. D iplodactylus Type-species; 1845 Gerrhopygus Gray, Cat. Spec. Liz. Coll. Brit. Mus.; I5O. qerrhopyqus Wiegmann. Type-species: Paroedura sanct I879 Paroedura Günther, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) 3' 2I7. johannis (sic) Gijnther. i
.
i
Distribution: Southern Europe, southwestern Asia, Africa, Madagascar, Australia, Oceania and North, Central, and South America. Content: About 60 species, all but fourteen of which are extral imi tal. Phyllodactylus alboqutattus Boulenger, as listed in Wermuth, Das Tierreich, 80, 1565» 133» ¡^ *" erroneous reference to Phyllobates alboquttatus Boulenger, 1903» ^ frog species.
Key to the species 1.
Clave de especies
Preanal plate enlarged, clearly distinguishable; all dorsal scales equal in size, no tubercles on dorsum 2 Preanal scales same size as surrounding scales; dorsal scales alternate with tubercles 3
1.
A
3.
Dorsal tubercles well-defined, trihedral and keeled 4 Dorsal tubercles flat and smooth, but clearly differentiated from smaller scales 13
4.
Dorsal surface of tibia with enlarged tubercles
2
3
2.
Cola con una doble hilera de tubérculos laterales agrandados heterurus Cola sin tubérculos laterales gerrhopygus
3.
Tubérculos muy definidos y diferentes de la 4 lepidosis básica; trihedrales y carenados Tubérculos de diferente tamaño, aplanados lisos contrastando con escamas pequeñas 13
4.
Superficie dorsal de la tibia con tubérculos agrandados 5 Superficie dorsal de la tibia sin tubérculos agrandados lep dopygus
5.
Más de diez hileras de tubérculos dorsales 6 Tubérculos dispuestos en diez hileras paralelas, claramente delimitadas, entre ellos quedan espacios cubiertos por escamas pequeñas; escamas denticulares en el oído - re iss
6.
Tubérculos dorsales no apegados entre sí, dejan espacios relativamente amplios ocupados por escamas pequeñas 7 Tubérculos dorsales grandes, numerosos, apegados entre sí, dejando en los ángulos pequeños espacios ocupados por escamas pequeñas-
7'
'^°"
8.
Con dentículos auditivos Sin dentículos auditivos
double row of lateral, enlarged tubercles on tail heterurus No tubercles on tail gerrhopygus
2.
Con placa preanal bien desarrollada; escamas dorsales iguales, sin tubérculos dorsales Sin placa preanal; escamas dorsales alternan con tubérculos
5
Dorsal surface of tibia without enlarged tubercles lep dopyous
i
i
5»
More than ten rows of dorsal tubercles 6 Dorsal tubercles in ten parallel rows, clearly delimited, with area between them covered by small scales; ear opening bordered by denticulate scales re ss
6.
Individual dorsal tubercles not in contact with each other, area between them relatively large and occupied by small scales 7 Individual tubercles large, in contact with each other; small area between angles of tubercles occupied by small scales ventral is
i
i
i
i
i
t/entral is 7.
With I3-I8 rows of dorsal tubercles With more than 18 rows of dorsal tubercles
8
9
With denticles bordering ear opening 11 No denticles bordering ear opening -- tuberculosus 9.
Two postmentals;
more than two rows of caudal tubercles 10 Three postmentals; two rows of tubercles on proximal quarter of tail iulieni
9.
13"18 hileras de tubérculos dorsalesCon más de 18 hileras de tubérculos dorsales
— 11
tuberculosus
Dos posmentales; más de dos hileras de tubérculos caudales 10 Tres posmentales; dos hileras de tubérculos en el cuarto proximal de la cola Jul en i
i
223
PHYLLODACTYLUS
10. Eight
to ten rows of tubercles at base of tail; 28 rows of tubercles across dorsum of body
10. Ocho a diez hileras de tubérculos en la base de la cola; 28 hileras de tubérculos a través del
rutten Six to eight rows of tubercles at base of tail; mart in 18 rows of tubercles across dorsum
dorso rutten Seis a ocho hileras de tubérculos en la base de cola; la 18 hileras de tubérculos a través del dorso mart n
i
i
i
i
11. With 16-18 rows of dorsal tubercles With I3-I6 rows of dorsal tubercles
12 d
ixon
i
i
11. Con 16-18 hileras de tubérculos dorsales 12 Con I3-I6 hileras de tubérculos dorsales- dixoni
12. With 48-60 transverse ventral scales from throat to anus; 39"*7 tubercles in single paravertebral row from rear of head to base of tail palmeus
12. Con 48-60 escamas ventrales transversas desde garganta hasta ano; 35"*7 tubérculos en cada hilera paravertebral desde posterior de la cabeza hasta base de la cola palmeus
With 60-66 transverse ventral scales; 46-52 tubercles in single paravertebral row ¡nsularis
Con 60-66 escamas ventrales transversales; 4652 tubérculos en cada hilera paravertebral insularis
13. Terminal lamellae of digits much enlarged, most of claw hidden when viewed from above; nostril not swollen naequal s Terminal lamellae of digits very small, most of
I3. Lámelas terminales de dedos muy agrandadas, la mayor parte de la uña oculta en vista dorsal; narina no hinchada naequal s Lámelas terminales de dedos muy chicas, la mayor parte de la uña expuesta en vista dorsal;
i
i
claw exposed when viewed from above; nostril greatly swollen m icrophyllus
PHYLLODACTYLUS DIXON
I
1568 Phyllodactylus figs.. 1-4.
i
narina muy hinchada
m
i
icrophyllus
Rivero and Lancini Rivero and Lancini, Mem. Soc. Cien. Nat. La Salle, Caracas, No. ]8: I68, d ixon Type-locality: Mouth of Rio Parguaza, tributary of Rio Orinoco, Estado Bolfvar, i
Venezuela.
Distribution:
Region of Rio Orinoco, Estado Bolívar, south-central Venezuela.
PHYLLODACTYLUS GERRHOPYGUS (Wiegmann) Type-locality: iplodactylus qerrhopyqus Wiegmann, Nova Acta Acad. Leop. -Carol. , ly: 242. Tacna, Peru. Chile. Type-locality: 1836 Phyllodactylus qymnopygus Duméril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., J: 39** Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 1: 95I885 Phyllodactylus qerrhopyqus 1835
D
—
Distribution:
From Arequipa, southern Peru, to Tarapaca, northern Chile.
PHYLLODACTYLUS HETERURUS Werner 1907 Phyllodactylus heterurus Werner, in Burger, An. Univ. Santiago, Chile, 121 (2): 145, pi. 1, Oasis de Pica, Tarapaca, Chile. fig. "^a-b. Type-locality:
Distribution:
Known only from type locality.
PHYLLODACTYLUS INAEQUALIS Cope I876 Phyllodactylus inaequalis Cope. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., (2) Pacasmayo, Peru.
Distribution:
8
(I875):
I74.
Type-locality:
Extreme northwestern Peru and probably southwestern Ecuador.
PHYLLODACTYLUS INSULARIS Dixon i960 Phyllodactylus insularis Dixon, Herpetolog ica, I6: 5Islands, British Honduras.
Distribution:
Known only from type locality.
Type-locality:
Half Moon Cay, Roatan
224
PHYLLODACTYLUS
PHYLLODACTVLUS JUL EN I
Cope
I
Type-locality: T88S Phyllodactylus julieni Cope. Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc, 22: 180. Island. Dixon, Southwestern Naturalist, 7= 212. 1562 Phyllodactylus Jul en i
i
Distribution:
Aruba
Aruba
—
Island, Dutch West
Indies.
PHVLLODACTYLUS LEPIDOPYGUS (ischudi) 184S Diplodactylus lepidopyqus Tschudi, Ark. fDr Naturg., 1845 Discodactylus phacophorus Tschudi, Ark. fur Naturg., I878 Phyllodactylus n iqrofasc iatus Cope, Proc. Amer. Phil. Chimbóte Valley, Peru, 2000 ft. 1500 Phyllodactylus var ieqatus Werner, Abh. Ber. K. Zool. Lima and Chanchamayo, Peru. Type-locality: 1507 Phyllodactylus lep dopyqus Roux, Rev. Suisse Zool.,
—
i
Distribution:
11: 11:
155159'
Soc,
I7:
Peru. Type-locality: Peru. Type-locality: Type-locality: 36.
Anthro.-Ethno. Mus. Dresden, 5 (2): 15^
2.
254.
Western coast of Peru.
PHYLLODACTYLUS MARTINI Van Lidth I887 Phyllodactylus martini Van Lidth, Notes Leyden Mus., 5: I3O, pi. 2, figs. 2-3. Curasao. Dixon, Southwestern Naturalist, 7' 214. 1962 Phyllodactyius (sic) mart in i
Dutch Leeward
Distribution:
Type-locality:
—
Islands.
PHYLLODACTYLUS MICROPHYLLUS Cope Type-locality: I876 Phyllodactylus microphyllus Cope. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sc . Phila., (2) 8 (I875): I75. Valley of Río Tequetepeque, Peru. Isla Lobos, Type-locality: 1310 Phyllodactylus lobensis Werner. Mitt. Naturhist. Mus. Hamburg, 27; 6. Peru. i
Extreme northwestern to central Peru.
Distribution:
PHYLLODACTYLUS PALMEUS Dixon 1968 Phyllodactylus palmeus Dixon, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 81: 419, "fig0.5 km north of Roatan, Isla de Roatan, Bay Islands, Honduras, 25 m.
Distribution:
Bay
PHYLLODACTYLUS REISSI
I
!•
Type-locality:
Islands, Honduras.
Peters
1862 PhYllodactylus re iss Peters, Monats. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1862: 626. Type-locality: Guayaquil, Ecuador. Type1900 PhYllodactylus baessleri Werner, Abh. Ber. K. Zool. Anthro.-Ethno. Mus. Dresden, 9 (2): 2. locality: Chanchamayo, Peru. Type-locality: 1910 PhYllodactylus quayaqu lens is Werner, Mitt. Naturhist. Mus. Hamburg, 27: 4. Guayaquil, Ecuador. Type-locality: 1313 Phyllodactylus abrupteser iatus Werner. Mitt. Naturhist. Mus. Hamburg, 3''= *• "wahrsche nl ich Brasilien". Perico, Type-locality: 1924 Phyllodactylus maqister Noble, Occ. Pap. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 5= HO. Valley of Rio Chinchipe, Peru. i
i
i
i
Distribution:
Coastal Ecuador and Peru to I25O
m.
225
PHYLLODACTYLUS
PHYLLOOACTYLUS RUTTENI Hummel inck 1547 Phyllodactylus rutteni Hummel inck, Studies Fauna Curajao, 1: 77Blanquilla, Venezuela. D ixon. Southwestern Naturalist, 7: 2I7. 1562 Phyllodactylus rutten i
Type-locality:
Isla
—
Islands on Venezuelan coast; La Tortuga, Los Hermanos, Blanquilla, Orchila, Distribution; Archipiélago de los Roques.
PHYLLODACTYLUS TUBERCULOSUS Wiegmann Phyllodactylus tuberculosus Wieqmann, Nova Acta Acad. Leop. -Carol. , I7 (l): 241, pl. 18, figs. Type-locality: California; restricted by Dixon, Herpetolog ica, I6, I56O, 4, to the 2-2a. village of California, Nicaragua. Dixon, Herpetolog ica, I6: 4. 1560 Phyllodactylus tuberculosus 18^'í
—
Distribution: Content:
West coast of Mexico through Central America to Costa Rica.
Four subspecies, one
(
saxat ills Dixon)
extral
imi tal.
Clave de subespecies
Key to the subspecies 1.
Fewer than 21 interorbital scales With 24 interorbital scales
2.
Fewer than 28 scale rows across belly; 37 or more paravertebral tubercles; venter maqnus bright ochre More than '}0 scale rows across belly; fewer than 35 paravertebral tubercles; venter tuberculosus lemon yellow
2 i
nger
1.
2 Con menos de 21 escamas interorbitales nqer Con 24 escamas interorbitales
2.
Con menos de 28 escamas a través de vientre; 37 ° "'^^ tubérculos paravertebrales; magnus vientre ocre brillante Mas de JO escamas a través del vientre; tubérculos dorsales menos de 35j vientre tuberculosus amarillo limón
i
i
i
Phyllodactylus tuberculosus tuberculosus (wiegmann) R'o Chilama, Type-locality: PhyllodactYlus eduardof scher Mertens, Zool. Anz., 148: 88. La Libertad, El Salvador. Bull., 64 (l): New Univ. Se Mexico St. D ¡xon, tuberculosus tuberculosus Phyllodactylus 1964 iq'í2
i
i
—
22,
figs.
Distribution:
.
Pacific coastal areas, Guatemala to Costa Rica.
Phyllodactylus tuberculosus
i
nqer
i
Dixon
1964 Phyllodactylus tuberculosus inqeri Dixon, New Mex ico St. Univ. Sci Stann Creek, British Honduras. Type-locality:
Distribution:
i
1-4.
.
Bull., 64 (l):
36.
Coastal region of British Honduras.
Phyllodactylus tuberculosus maqnus Taylor 1942 Phyllodactylus maqnus Taylor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 28: 99, fig. Tierra Colorado, Guerrero, Mexico. Dixon. New Mexico St. Univ. Sci. 1964 Phyllodactylus tuberculosus maqnus
3.
—
Distribution:
PHYLLODACTYLUS VENTRAL
Type-locality:
Bull., 64 (l):
27.
Michoacan, Mexico to Guatemala.
IS
O'Shaughnessy
Type-locality: 187^ Phyllodactylus ventralis O'Shauqhnessy. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (4) I6: 263. "Jamaica"; suggested that it might be Colombia or Venezuela by Dixon, Southwestern Naturalist, 7, 1962, 222. Patos island, Type-locality: 1935 Phyllodactylus muUeri Parker, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (lO) 1$: 483. Venezuela. 1962 Phyllodactylus ventral is D ixon. Southwestern Naturalist, ]: 220, fig. 2.
—
i
str ibut pon:
Northern Colombia and Venezuela, Margarita and Patos Islands.
226
-^
repulía: SAURIA: GEKKONIDAE
^^^
PHYLLOPEZUS
PHYLLOPEZUS Peters 1877 Phyllopezus Peters, Monats. Akad. Wiss. goyazensis Peters.
Distribution; Content:
Berlin, 1877' *!*>
fg-
!•
Type-species:
Phyllopezus
As for single known species.
One species.
PHYLLOPEZUS POLLICARIS (Spix) 182S Thecadactylus pollicaris Spix. Sp. Nov. Lac. Bras.; 17, pl. 18, fig. 2. Brazil. Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 1: 145. 188S Phyllopezus pollicaris
Type-locality:
Bahia,
—
Distribution: Content:
South America, south of equator and east of Andes.
Two subspecies.
Clave de subespecies
Key to the subspecies 1.
Lamellae counted present Lamellae
under fourth toe 5~135 ventrals along midline 28-32; tubercles lateral to anus poll icar under fourth toe 8-11; ventrals 26-25; adanal tubercles not constant in adults przewalsk
1. is
i
i
Lámelas bajo el cuarto dedo 9"13> ventrales a lo largo de la línea media 28-32; tubérculos presentes lateralmente al ano poll icar is Lámelas bajo el cuarto dedo 8-11; ventrales 26-25; tubérculos laterales al ano no constantes en adultos przewalsk i
Phyllopezus poli icar
i
s
poli icar
(Sp
is
ix
i
)
Type1887 Phyllopezus qoyazens s Peters, Monats. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, I887: 415> fig* 1» Goiás, Brazil. locality: Platydactylus Spixii in and Brongersma, fig. 1. Schleqel. Müller Zool. Meded., I6I, 1933 IJ: Type-locality: Brazil. 1537 Phyllopezus poll icar is poll icar is Amaral, Mem. Inst. Butantan, 11: 171' Vanzolini, Pap. Avul. Depto. Zool. Sao Paulo, 11: 35''» 1953 Phyllopezus poll icar is poll icar is i
— —
pis.
1-2.
Distribution:
Bahia, Minas Gerais, Goiás, Maranháo, and Paraíba, Brazil.
Phyllopezus poll icar is przewalsk
i
i
Koslowsky
I855 Phyllopezus przewalsk Koslowsky, Rev. Mus. La Plata, 6: 371> pl- !• Type-locality: Descalvado, Distrito Cáceres, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Phyllopezus Pap. pollicaris Depto. Sao Paulo, 11: Avul. Zool. przewalsk! Vanzolinl, 1553 i
i
—
357.
Distribution: Brazil.
Provincia La Pampa, Argentina, through Paraguay and Bolivia to Mato Grosso,
227
REPTIL lA:
SAURIA:
**
IGUANIDAE
PHYMATURUS
PHYMATURUS Gravenhorst 18^8 Phvmaturus Gravenhorst. Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop. Carol., 18: 740. Type-species: Lacerta palluma Molina. 1843 Centrura Bell, Zool. Voy. Beagle, Rept., $: 25. Type-spec Íes: Centrura flaqellifer Bell»
Distribution: Content;
Both sides of Andean Cordillera from Coqu ¡mbo-Catamarca to Patagonia.
One species.
PHYMATURUS PALLUMA (Molina) 1782 Lacerta palluma Molina, Saggio Stop. Nat. Chile: 3*5* Type-locality: Central Chile. 1838 Phymaturus palluma Gravenhorst, Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop. Carol., 18: 75O, pi. 55, fig. 2. Type-locality; Higher Cordillera of Chile.
—
Distribution: Content:
Both sides of Andean Cordillera from Coqu imbo-Catamarca to Patagonia.
Two subspecies.
Key to the subspecies 1.
Clave de subespecies
Median dorsal granules much larger than lateral granules; caudal scales strongly mucronate-palluma Median dorsal granules only slightly larger than lateral granules; caudal scales si gh ti y mucronate patagón icus i
1.
Granulos medio dorsales mucho mayores que los laterales; caudales fuertemente mucronadas» palluma Granulos medio dorsales apenas mayores que los laterales; caudales ligeramente mucronadas pataqonicus
Phvmaturus palluma palluma (Molina) 1843 Centrura flaqellifer Bell, Zool. Voy. Beagle, Rept., 5: 25, pl. 14, fig. 2. Typelocality; Chile. 1848 Qplurus Bibronii Guichenot. in Gay, Hist. Fis. Pol. Chile; Zool. 2: 53, Atlas pl. 14, fig. 2. Type-locality: High Cordillera of Ovalle, Province of Coquimbo, Chile. 1531 Phymaturus palluma palluma Burt and Burt, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 6I: 281.
Distribution:
Chilean and Argentinian Andes, from Coquimbo to region north of Rfo Negro.
Phvmaturus palluma patagón ¡cus Koslowsky Type-locality: 1836 Phvmaturus pataqonicus Koslowskv. Rev. Mus. La Plata, 8: 184, pl. I7. Territorio del Chubut (Patagonia¿ Argentina. Type-locality; Huanuluan, 1321 Phymaturus spurcus Barbour, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 3*= 139' R'o Negro, Argentina. 1931 Phymaturus palluma pataoonicug Burt and Burl, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 6I: 281.
—
Distribution:
Patagonian cordillera south of Rfo Negro, Argentina.
228
REPTILIA:
'^ '^
TEIIDAE
SAURIA:
^
PL ACQ SOMA
"At
PLACOSOMA Tschudi Placosoma cordyl num Tschudi. Type-spec !es: 1847 Placosoma Tschudi, Arch, fur Naturg., 13: 50Type-species: Cercosaura ( Urosaura ) I87O Urosaura Peters, Monats. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, I87O: 641. glabella Peters. Type-species: Elaphrosaura spitz Amaral. 1533 Elaphrosaura Amaral, Mem. Inst. Butantan, 7 (1932)= 67" i
i
Distribution:
Estado de SSo Paulo to Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Content: Three species, two according to most recent revision by Uzzell, Occ. Pap. Mich., 606, 1959, with third added recently by Cunha.
More than I9 total femoral pores (except in females of cordyl num ) ; dorsal pattern 2 not as below Fewer than 18 femoral pores in total; dorsal part of head yellow extending on back as dorsal band; rest of body dark brown; two darker lateral bands and third band dorsoventrally c ipoense
1.
¡
2.
Zool. Univ.
Clave de especies
Key to the species 1.
Mus.
Total femoral pores 27-32 on males, 0-6 on on females; 28-30 scales around middle of body; ventral scales with angular posterior borders; anterior margin of tympanum not depressed cordyl num Total femoral pores 19-22 in both sexes; 21-25 dorsal scales around middle of body; posterior border of ventral scales rounded; anterior margin of tympanum slightly depressed qlabellum
Mas de I9 poros femorales (excepto en las hembras de cordylinum ); distribución del diseño y color dorsal no como el que sigue 2
Menos de 18 poros femorales totales; parte dorsal de la cabeza amarillenta se continúa sobre el dorso como faja clara mediana; resto pardo oscuro, mis acentuado a los lados; dos fajas laterales oscuras y una tercera faja separando dorso de vientre c poense i
2.
i
Poros femorales totales en el macho 27-32; 0-6 en las hembras; 28-30 escamas dorsales en el medio del cuerpo; escamas ventrales angulares en los bordes posteriores; margen anterior del tímpano no deprimido c ordyl num Poros femorales totales 19-22 en el macho y hembra; 21-25 escamas dorsales en el medio del cuerpo; escamas ventrales redondeadas en los bordes; margen anterior del tímpano ligeramente deprim do olabellum i
i
PLACOSOMA CIPOENSE Cunha 1966 Placosoma c ipoense Cunha, Bol. Mus. Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Zool., 6I; 2. T ype-local Serra do Cipo (near Belo Horizonte), Minas Gerais, Brazil. ty: i
Distribution:
Known only from type-locality.
PLACOSOMA CORDYLINUM Tschudi I847 Placosoma cordyl num Tschudi, Arch, i
Distribution: Content:
fur Naturg., 13!
Type-locality:
Northern Brazil. Brazil.
Two subspecies.
Clave de subespecies
Key to the subspecies 1.
51'
Rio de Janeiro, SSo Paulo, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso, and Santa Catarina,
Scales in two median dorsal rows broader than long; fewer than seven enlarged scales between granular areas in axillae; light line between eye and shoulder, separated from tympanum by at least one row of dark granules cordyl inum Scales in two median dorsal rows longer than broad; more than seven enlarged scales between granular areas in axillae; light line not separated from tympanum champsonotus
1.
Escamas dorsales en dos hileras medianas más anchas que largas; seis o menos dorsales ensanchadas entre las areas granulares de la inserción del brazo; una línea clara húmero ocular separada del timpano a lo menos por una hilera de cordyl inum granulos oscuros Escamas dorsales en dos hileras medianas más largas que anchas; ocho o más dorsales ensanchadas entre las áreas granulares de la inserción del brazo; línea clara húmero ocular no separada del tímpano champsonotus
229
PLACOSOMA
Placosoma cordyl num cordyli num Tschudi i
Type-locality: 1944 Ecpleopus lutzae Loveridge, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 57= 97Beija-Flor, Therezopol s, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. 1555 Placosoma cordyl inum cordyl inum Uzzell, Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 606: i
Distribution:
—
Rio 3-
Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Placosoma cordyl num champsonotus (Werner) i
Type-locality: 1910 Pr ionodactylus champsonotus Werner, Mitt. Naturhist. Mus. Hamburg, 2J: '}l. Itapocu, Jaragua, Santa Catharina, Brazil. 1516 Euspondylus cupreus Andersson, Goteborgs Kungl. Vetens. Vitterhets. Handl., (4) I7 (5)= Brazil. Type-locality: 6. Serra de Type-locality: 193^ Elaphrosaura spitzi Amaral. Mem. Inst. Butantan, ] (1932): 68. Cubatao, Sao Paulo, Brazil. 1555 Placosoma cordyl inum champsonotus Uzzell, Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 606: 9-
—
Distribution:
Santa Catar ina,
Sao
Paulo, Minas Gerais and Mato Grosso, Brazil.
PLACOSOMA GLABELLUM (Peters) I87O Cercosaura ( Urosaura ) glabella Peters, Monats. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, I87O: 641, pi. Santa Catharina, Brazil. Type-locality; 1959 Placosoma qlabellum uzzell, Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 606: 11.
1,
fig.
—
Coastal areas of S5o Paulo, Parana, Espirito Santo, Rio de Janeiro and Santa Distribution: Catarina, Brazil.
1.
230
****
REPULÍA: SAURIA: IGUANIDAE
PLICA
Prepared by Richard Etheridge, San Diego State College, San Diego, California PLICA Gray
TypeKingdom, 5; 40. I83I Plica Gray, Synopsis Species Class Reptilia, in Griffith, Cuvier's Animal Lacerta pi ica Linnaeus. species: Type-species: Amphib.; I5O. Syst. Nitzsch), Nat. I83I Hyps ibatus Wagler (preoccupied by Hyps ibatus Lacerta umbra Linnaeus. 183s Hypsilophus Wieqmann (replacement name for Hypsibatus Wagler). Arch, fur Naturg., 1 (2): 285. Lophyrus ochrocollar is Spix. Type-species: 1837 Uperanodon Dume'ril and Bibron, Erp. Gin., 4: 247. Lacerta plica Linnaeus. Type-species: 184^ Ptychopleura l^itzinger, Systema Reptilium: 59. Hypsibates punctatus Duméril and Type-species: 1843 Ptychosaurus Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: 59. Bibron. ^ Zoologici 1847 Hyperanodon Agassiz (replacement name for Uperanodon Dumlril and Bibron), Nomenclátor Index Universalis: I9O.
Distribution: Content:
Northern South America east of Andes.
Two species.
Clave de especies
Key to the species 1.
Sides of neck with groups of enlarged, spinose d1 ica scales No enlarged spinose scales on sides of neck umbra
1.
Grupos de escamas espinosas a los lados del pl ica cuello Sin grupos de escamas espinosas a los lados del umbra del cuello
PLICA PLICA (Linnaeus) I7S8 1768 1827 I83I 1837
"Indus". Type-locality: Lacerta Plica Linnaeus. Systema Naturae, Ed. 10: 208. "Gallaecia Type-locality: Iguana chalcidica Laurenti, Synopsin Reptilium: 48. None given. Type-locality: LophyrurTo^hTI^Isa ) Agamoides Gray, Phil. Mag., (2) 2: 208. Animal Kingdom, 9: Plica ] plica Gray, Synopsis Species Class Reptflia, in Griffith, Cuvier's None given. Type-locality: Hypsibatus punctatus Dumlril and Bibron, Erp. Ge'n., 4: 258. .
—
I
Distribution:
Northern South America, east of Andes.
PLICA UMBRA (Linnaeus)
Type-locality: I7S8 Lacerta Umbra Linnaeus. Systema Naturae, Ed. 10: 2O7. O'Shaughnessy, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1881: 24$. 1881 Plica umbra
"Mer
i
di
onal bus". i
—
Distribution; Content;
Northern South America, east of Andes.
Two subspecies.
Clave de subespecies
Key to the subspecies
Vertebral scale row continuous from occiput to tail, forming denticulate crest on neck; 34-46 vertebral scales from occiput to anterior margin of thigh; 5''"66 paravertebral scales from occiput to anterior margin of thigh; 46-56 scales around body; dorsal head scales swollen, with blunt, irregular keels, a pair of pyramidal pai ietal scales; all scales more sharply umbra keeled and more strongly mucronate Vertebral scales usually not distinguishable from adjacent scales on posterior back, forming less distinct crest; 48-58 vertebral scales; 68-81 paravertebral scales; 5*"65 scales around body; dorsal head scales smooth or nearly so, parietals flat or slightly convex, not pyramidal; all scales less sharply keeled and
mucronate
ochrocollar is
1.
Fila de escamas vertebrales continua desde el occipucio a la cola, formando una cresta denticulada en el cuello, 34-46 escamas vertebrales desde el occipucio hasta el borde anterior del muslo; '^O-dd escamas paravertebrales desde el occipucio al borde anterior del muslo; 46-56 escamas alrededor del cuerpo; escamas dorsales de la cabeza ensanchadas, con quillas irregulares, obtusas; un par de escamas parietales piramidales; todas las escamas más fuertemente
umbra guilladas y mucronadas Escamas vertebrales generalmente no diferenciadas de las escamas adyacentes en la parte posterior de la espalda, que forman una cresta no tan distinta; 48-58 escamas vertebrales; 68-81 escamas paravertebrales; 54-65 escamas alrededor del cuerpo; escamas dorsales de la cabeza lisas o casi lisas, parietales planas o ligeramente convexas, no piramidales; todas las escamas no tan ochrocollar is guilladas ni mucronadas
41.
231
PLICA
PI
i
ca
iimhra
iimhra
(Linnaeus), new combination
ISqq Trnpidurus un car na tus Werner. Zool. Anz., 22: 480. i
i
Type-locality:
Surinam.
Eastern Amazonian region of South America; southern Venezuela, Guianas, and Distribution: northeastern Brazil.
PI ica 182=^
182S
umbra ochrocollar
is
(Spix), new combination
Type-locality: Lophyrus ochrocollar s Spix. Sp. Nov. Lac. Bras.: 10, pi. 12, figs. 2. Amazon River. "in Type-locality: fig. Bras.: 1. Lac. pi. 11, 13, Lophyrus Panthera Spix. Sp. Nov. sylvis ad pagum Ecga". v \ Type-locality: Hyperanodon peUigerus Cope, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sc . Phila., (2) 8 (1875): I/O. Middle and upper Amazon and western Peru. Type-locality: Tropidurus holotropis Boulenger, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (s) 10: 420. Alpayacu, RTo Pastaza, Ecuador, 36OO ft. Type-locality: Uraniscodon tuberculatum Andersson, Arl<. for Zool., 11 (16): 2, figs. 1-2. San FermĂn, northwest Bolivia. i
,
IByfi
1512 I5I8
,
i
Distribution: Western Amazonian Basin of South America; southern Colombia, Peru, Ecuador, northern Bolivia, and western Brazil.
232
REPTILIA: SAURIA:
***
IGUANIDAE
POLYCHROIDES
POLYCHROIDES Noble 1524 Polychroides Noble, Occ. peruv ยกanus Noble.
Boston Soc. Nat. Hist.,
5=
lO?-
Type-species:
Polychroides
As for single known species.
Distribution: Content:
Pap.
One species.
POLYCHROIDES PERUVIANOS Noble 1924 Polychroides peruvianus Noble, Occ. Pap. Querocot 11a, Cajamarca, Peru.
Boston Soc. Nat. Hist.,
5-
IO5.
Type-locality:
Near
i
Distribution:
Wooded valleys of Andes
in
northern Peru; known from Cajamarca and Piura Provinces.
233^
**
repulía: SAURIA: IGUANIDAE
POLYCHRUS
POLYCHRUS Cuvier Type-spec Íes: Lacerta marmorata Linnaeus. I8I7 Polychrus Cuvier, Regne Animal, 2; 40. I827 Polycrus Gray (emendation of Polychrus Cuvier), Phil. Mag., 2: 57' I827 Polychnus Berthold (in error for Polychrus Cuvier), in Latreille's Naturllche Familien des Thierreichs: 9*' Type-species: Polychrus acut rostr is Spix. 1843 Ecphymatotes Ftlzinger, Systema Reptilium: 62. Type-species: Polychrus anomalus Wiegtnann. 1845 Sphaerops Gray, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: I83. Type-species: Polychrus I87O Chaunolaemus Peters, Monats. Akad. liiiss. Berlin, I865: 786. mult car na tus Peters. ( Chaunolaemus ) i
i
i
South America.
Distribution: Content:
Five species.
Clave de especies
Key to the species 1.
2.
Scales of sides larger than middorsal scales, 2 and separated by much smaller granules Scales of flanks not larger than middorsals and in contact with each other, not separated by 3 granules
1.
Femoral pores fewer than 12, dorsals distinctly acut rostr is keeled Femoral pores more than IJ, dorsals smooth or femoral s weakly keeled
2.
4.
Pectoral and ventral scales keeled Pectoral and ventral scales smooth
marmoratus 1 oqaster
2
flancos no mayores que las del en contacto, no separadas por 3
Menos de 12 poros femorales, dorsales distintaacut rostr is mente qui Hadas Más de I5 poros femorales, dorsales lisas o femoral s ligeramente quilladas i
i
Low series of raised scales forming midventral 4 crest from mental to guiar appendage No low series of raised scales on midventral and turosus throat out line between chin
lados mayores que escamas del separadas por granulos mucho más
i
i
3.
Escamas de los medio dorso y chicos Escamas de los medio dorso y granulos
3.
Serie baja de escamas levantadas que forman una cresta ventral media desde el mental al apéndice gularSerie de escamas levantadas en la linea media ventral entre mentón y garganta ausente qutturosus
4.
Escamas pectorales
y
Escamas pectorales
y
i
ventrales quilladas marmora tus ventrales lisas 1 oqaster
—
i
POLYCHRUS ACUTIROSTRIS Spix Bahia, Brazil. Type-locality: I825 Polychrus acut irostri s Spix, Sp. Nov. Lac. Bras.: 15, pl. 14a. Type-local ty: Brazil. I834 Polychrus anomalus Wiegmann, Herpetologia Mexicana: 16. i
Southern Brazil, Uruguay, Paraguay, Argentina, and eastern Bolivia.
Distribution:
POLYCHRUS FEMORAL
IS
Werner
iqiO Polychrus femoralis Werner. Mitt. Ecuador.
Distribution:
Lowlands
in
Naturhist.
Mus.
Hamburg, 27 (2):
21.
Type-locality:
Guayaquil,
southwestern Ecuador.
POLYCHRUS GUTTUROSUS Berthold 1846 Polychrus qutturosus Berthold, Nachr. Univ. Konigl. Gesell, Wiss. Gottingen, 8-10: 11. Popayan, Colombia, locality:
Distribution: Content:
369-215
Pacific Ecuador north
Two subspecies.
0—70-
into Costa Rica and Nicaragua.
Type-
234
POLYCHRUS Clave de subespecies
Key to the subspecies 1. Canthus rostralis somewhat rounded; scales on pectoral region smooth or very weakly spurrelli keeled-Canthus rostralis distinctly angular; scales on pectoral region strongly keeled, may be bi- or tricarinate, usually uniqutturosus car na te i
i
1.
Canto rostral algo redondeado; escamas de la region pectoral lisas o ligeramente spurrell qu 11a das Canto rostral distintamente angular; escamas de la region pectoral fuertemente guilladas, pueden ser bi- o tr ¡carenadas, qutturosus generalmente un carena das i
i
i
i
Polychrus qutturosus qutturosus Berthold I87O Polychrus ( Chaunolaemus ) mult Icar natus Peters, Monats. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1865: Costa Rica. Type-locality: 1535 Polychrus qutturosus qutturosus Parker, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1935= S?^i
786.
—
Higher western Andean slopes of Ecuador and Colombia north to Costa Rica and
Distribution: Nicaragua.
Polychrus qutturosus spurrell
i
i
Boulenger
1514 Polychrus spurrelli Boulenger, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1914: 814, pi. 1, fig. Peña Lisa, Condoto, Colombia. locality: Parker, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1935= 516. 1935 Polychrus qutturosus spurrelli i
2.
Type-
—
Lowland rain forests of northwestern Ecuador and Colombia.
Distribution:
POLYCHRUS LIOGASTER Boulenger I9O8 Polychrus lioqaster Boulenger. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (b) Bolivia, 75'' '"> 3"d Chanchamayo, eastern Peru.
Distribution:
1:
II3.
Type-locality:
Provincia Sara,
Lowlands of Amazonian Bolivia and Peru; Acre, Brazil.
POLYCHRUS MARMORATUS (Linnaeus) "Hispania". Type-locality: 1758 Lacerta marmorata Linnaeus. Systema Naturae, Ed. 10: 208. 1820 Polychrus marmoratus Merrem, Tentamen Systematis Amphibiorum: 48. 1821 Poiychru^s J str q ventr is Waqler. Descr pt iones et Icones Amphibiorum: pi. 12, and third page of None given. Type-locality: unnumbered text. None given. Type-locality: 1822 Polych .[rus] virescens Schinz, in Cuvier's Das Thierreich, 2: 65None given. Type-locality; 183S Polychrus Neovidanus Waqler. Isis von Oken, 26: 897-
—
i
i
i
I
Distribution:
Amazonian basin of South America;
Venezuela,
235^
-^
REPTILIA: SAURIA: TEIIDAE
iAt
"^
*
PRIONODACTYLUS
Prepared by Thomas Uzzell, Yale University, Mew Haven, Connecticut
PRIONODACTYLUS
'Shaughnessy
•
1881 Pr ionodactylus O'Shaughnessy, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, man cata O'Shaughnessy. ( Pr ionodactylus )
1881:
23I.
Cercosaura
Type-species:
i
Panama to Bolivia.
Distribution: Content:
Four species.
Clave de especies
Key to the species 1.
2.
3.
Frontonasal single Frontonasal divided
2
1.
argulus
Loreal in contact with supralabials vertebral Loreal separated from supralabials
3
—
i
2.
s
With 32-35 scales around middle of body; 14-15 subdigital lamellae under fourth toe; subdigital lamellae denticulate, some lamellae beare qenmann ing one, others, two denticles With 35~52 scales around middle of body; 14-23 subdigital lamellae under fourth toe; subdigital lamellae, if denticulate, with single man icatus denticle per lamella
3.
i
i
Con una frontonasal Con dos f rontonasales
2
arqulus
Loreal en contacto con supralab iales Loreal separada de supralab iales vertebral
Con 3^-35 escamas alrededor del medio cuerpo; 14-15 lámelas subdigitales bajo el cuarto dedo; lámelas subdigitales denticuladas, algunas con uno y otras con dos dentículos e iqenmanni Con 35"52 escamas alrededor del medio cuerpo; 14-23 lámelas subdigitales bajo el cuarto dedo; si las escamas subdigitales son dentiman icatus culadas poseen un solo dentículo
PRIONODACTYLUS ARGULUS (Peters) 1862 Cercosaura ( Pantodactylus ) arqulus Peters, Abh. Akad. WIss. Berlin, 1862: 184, Type-locality: Santa Fe de Bogotá, Colombia. I885 Pr Ionodactylus oshauqhnessy Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 392, pi. 21, fig. 1. Typelocality: Canelos and Pallatanga, Ecuador. Prionodactylus Holmgren Andersson, 1514 Arl<. for Zool., 9 (3): 9, fig. 3. Type-locality: San Fermin, northwestern Bolivia. 1916 Prionodactylus columbiensis Werner, Zool. Anz., ij: 3O6. Canon del Tolima, Type-locality: Colomb ia. 1917 P-[ rionodactylus ] arqulus Griffin, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 11: 428. i
—
Distribution;
Amazonian Colombia, Ecuador, and Bolivia.
PRIONODACTYLUS EIGENMANNI Griffin 1917 Prionodactylus eiqenmanni Sara, Bol v ia.
Griffin, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 11:
3I6.
Type-locality:
Provincia del
i
Distribution:
Known only from type material.
PRIONODACTYLUS MANICATOS (O'Shaughnessy) 1881 Cercosaura ( Prionodactylus ) manicata O'Shaughnessy, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1881: fig. 3. Type-locality; Canelos and Pallatanga, Ecuador. 1885 Prionodactylus manicatus Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 393.
23I, pi.
22,
—
Distribution; Content:
Amazonian Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia.
Two subspecies.
Clave de subespecies
Key to the subspecies 1.
Subdigital lamellae denticulate; eye disc man icatus divided into two scales Subdigltal lamellae not denticulate; eye disc not' divided Into two or more scales bol vianus
—
i
1.
3 I
Lámelas subdigitales denticuladas; disco ocular dividido, formando dos escamasman icatus Lámelas subdigitales no denticuladas; disco bol v ianus ocular no dividido i
236
PRIONODACTYLUS
Pr ionodactylus man catus man catus (O 'Shaughnessy) i
I
Pr onodactylus man catus bol vianus Werner, i
i
I
,
new combination
Amazonian Ecuador.
Distribution:
new combination
Type-locality: 1899 Pr ionodactylus bolivianus Werner. Zool. Anz., 22: 481. 1907 Pr ionodactylus Ockendeni Boulenqer. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (7) 15= ''86. Carabaya, eastern Peru, 6000 - 7OOO ft. Distribution:
Chaco, Bolivia. Type-locality:
Amazonian Peru and Bolivia.
PRIONODACTYLUS VERTEBRAL
IS
(O Shaughnessy) '
'Shaughnessy, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) 4: 258. Type1875 Cercosaura ( Pantodactylus ) vertebralis Intac, Ecuador. locality: 188S Prionodactylus vertebral s Boulenger. Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 354, pi. 21, fig. 2. Type-locality: 1908 Pr ionodactylus palmeri Boulenqer. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (b) 2: 5I8, figs.3a-d. San Antonio, Colombia. Pap. Mich., IO3: Type-locality: San mar Occ. Mus. Zool. Univ. 1. Pr ionodactylus ianus Ruthven, 1521 Pedro, Antioquia, Colombia. i
Distribution: Ecuador.
—
Darién, Panama;
Pacific slopes of Ecuador and Colombia; also reported from Zamora,
237
'W
repulía: SAURIA: TEIIDAE
^^
PROCTOPORUS
PROCTOPORUS Tschudi Type-species: Proctoporus pachyurus Tschudi. 1845 Proc-toporus Tschudi, Ark. für Naturg., 11: l6l. Type-species: Riama unicolor Gray. 1858 R jama Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, I858: 445. 1862 Oreosaurus Peters, Abh. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1862: 201. Type-species: Ecpleopus ( Oreosaurus ) str iatus Peters. I879 Emphrassot s O 'Shaughnessy, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) 4: 255Type-species: Emphrassot is Shaughnessy. s imoterus i
'
Tropical South America, Distribution: Venezuela and Trinidad. Content:
including northern Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia,
Fifteen species.
The data presented below reflect the arrangement to be found in a manuscript submitted for Comment: publication in Postilla by Thomas Uzzell, and generously made available to us for inclusion here.
Clave de especies
Key to the species 1.
Supranasals, if present, not in contact on median dorsal line Supranasals in contact on median dorsal line
1. 2
quen ther
2.
No area of granular scales between axilla and groin With a band of granules between axilla and groin
i
2. 3
7
3. With light dorsolateral lines, at least on shoulder Without light dorsolateral lines 4.
i
31
6
Loreal present; venter spotted with blacl<; no preanal pores in males 5 Loreal absent; venter immaculate; males with shreve preanal pores
Supranasales, si existen, no contactan en la 2 I'nea media Supranasales contactan en la I'nea media guenther dorsal
4.
i
Sin banda granular continua entre axila e ¡ngle Con una banda granular continua entre axila ingle
ifneas dorso laterales claras el hombro Sin líneas dorso laterales claras
^^o"
a
3 e
7
lo menos en 4
6
Loreal presente, vientre manchado de negro; sin 5 poros preanales en los machos Loreal ausente, vientre inmaculado; poros en shrevei las escamas preanales de los machos
Escamas dorsales lisas; labio sin líneas claras; aproximadamente Ji escamas al medio laevi s del cuerpo Escamas dorsales guilladas; labio con lineas claras extendidas desde el ojo; aproximadamente 46 escamas al medio del cuerpo- luctuosus
Dorsal scales smooth; no light lines across lip; approximately 34 scales around middle of body laev s Dorsal scales keeled; light lines across lip extending from eye; about 46 scales around middle of body luctuosus
5»
6.
Fewer than nine longitudinal rows of ventrals; more than twelve femoral pores in females; more than 25 in males achlyens Ten longitudinal rows of ventrales; total number of femoral pores in males fewer than twelve oculatus
6.
Ocho o menos hileras longitudinales de ventrales; más de doce poros femorales en las hembras y vienticinco en los machos achlyens Diez hileras longitudinales de ventrales; número total de poros femorales en los machos once oculatus
7.
Preanal pores present Preanal pores absent
7-
Poros presentes en el area preanal Poros ausente en el area preanal
5.
i
8.
8
5
Three supraoculars, only two of which contact palpebrals; sexual dimorphism in number of preanal pores un icolor Four supraoculars; second, third and fourth in contact with palpebrals; no sexual dimorphism in number of preanal pores meleaqris
8 5
8.
Tres supraoculares, solamente dos de ellas en contacto con las palpebrales; dimorfismo sexual en número de poros preanales un icolor Cuatro supraoculares; segunda, tercera y cuarta en contacto con las palpebrales; no hay dimoi— fismo sexual en el número de poros preanales--
5*
Menos de 5" escamas desde el occipital a la 10 base de la cola Más de 5O escamas del occipital a la base de la pachyurus cola
meleaqris 5. Fewer than
5" scales from occipital
to base of
tail 10 More than 5O scales from occipital to base of ta il
pachyurus
238
PROCTOPORUS il ¡ary series of scales complete (occasionally not true in striatus ); fore and liind 11 limbs overlap when stretched along body Superciliary series of scales incomplete; second or second and third supraocular in contact with palpebrals; limbs do not overlap or do so very slightly, when stretched along columb ianus body
10. Supere
'
Dorsals not smooth 12. Median occipital present
13
12. Occipital mediano presente
venter spotted ventrimaculatus Three occipitals, median much smaller than bolivianos others; venter uniform yellowish
13. Three subequal occipitals;
15 16
15. With 40 scales around midbody;
post men tais With 30 scales around midbody; postmen tais
12 14
11. Dorsales lisas Dorsales no lisas
Median occipital absent; two large lateral simoterus occipitals
lA.Loreal present Lo real absent
Series superciliares incompletas; segunda, o segunda y tercera supraocular en contacto con la palpebral; extremidades opuestas proyectadas entre si no se tocan o a lo menos columbianus 1 igeramente
14
12
11. Dorsals smooth
10. Series superciliares completas (ocasionalmente puede faltar en striatus ); extremidades usual11 mente se entrecruzan
three pairs of hvpost ictus four pairs of quentheri
Dos occipitales laterales grandes; occ ip tal mediano
13 no hay s
i
imoterus
—
13.Tres occipitales subiguales; vientre manchado ventr maculatus Tres occipitales, el mediano mucho menor; bol jvianus vientre amarillento homogéneo i
14.Loreal presente Loreal ausente
15 16
15.Con 40 escamas al medio cuerpo; tres pares de hvpost ictus posmen tales Con JO escamas al medio cuerpo, cuatro pares de quentheri posmen tal es 16. Con cuatro supraoculares
16. With four supraoculars
17 bol vlanus
With three supraoculars
Con tres supraoculares
bol
i
vi
17 anus
i
17. Dorsal pattern unicolor or with longitudinal striatus brown stripes; striated scales Dorsal pattern brown with darker sides; light of body; row line on sides of anterior part of seven or eight light ocelli on each side of guentheri body; keeled scales
ly.DiseUo dorsal formado por cintas longitudinales pardas, también puede ser uniforme; escamas striatus estriadas Diseño dorsal castaño oscuro con los lados más oscuros; una I'nea clara a los lados del cuerpo al comienzo de la mitad anterior; series de siete u ocho ocelos negros con centros blancos a cada lado del cuerpo; quentheri escamas qui liadas
PROCTOPORUS ACHLYENS Uzzell iqS8 Proctoporus achlvens Uzzell. Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., Rancho Grande Road, Estado Aragua, Venezuela, II50 m.
Distribution: Venezuela.
Montane forest of Rancho Grande, Parque
Nacional
557:
Henri
8.
Type-locality:
Maracay-
Pittier, Estado Aragua,
PROCTOPORUS BOLIVIANUS Werner Type-locality; 1910 Proctoporus bol vianus Werner, Mitt. Naturhist. Mus. i^amburg, 27 (2): 3^. Sorata, Bol v ia. T incochchaca, Oreosaurus lacertus Stejneger, Proc. S. Nat. Type-locality: U. Mus., 45: 546. 1913 Peru, 2300 m.; corrected to Tinccochaca by Cochran, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 220, I96I, I27, Type-locality: 1914 Proctoporus lonq icaudatus Andersson, Ark. fur Zool., 9 (3)' 6, figs. 2a-d. Pelechuco, western Bolivia. Rusta Type-locality: 1920 Proctoporus obesu s Barbour and Noble, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 58! 6I6. Hispana, Peru. i
i
Distribution: Amazonian slopes of Andes Comment; The use of this taxon
is
in
Bolivia and Peru.
based on Uzzell, Postilla,
in
press.
239
PROCTOPORUS
PROCTOPORUS COLUMBIANUS Andersson 1514 Proctoporus columbianus Andersson. Ark.
Distribution:
Eastern slopes of Andes
in
for Zool., 5 (3): 3, fig. la-d.
Type-locality: Colombia.
Colombia and Ecuador.
PROCTOPORUS GUENTHE RI (Boettger) Type-locality: Sorata, Bolivia. I85I Oreosaurus Guentheri Boettger, Zool. Anz., 14: 345. Type-locality: Marcapata 1502 Oreosaurus ocellifer Boulenger, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (7) 10: 400. Valley, Peru. Type-locality: 1920 Oreosaurus anomalus Barbour and Noble, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 'j8: 614. San Fernando, valley of R'o San Miguel, Peru. Distribution: Amazonian slopes of Bolivia and Peru. Comment: This arrangement of synonyms follows Uzzell, Postilla,
press.
in
PROCTOPORUS HYPOST ICTUS Boulenger 1502 Proctoporus hvpost ictus Boulenger, Ann. Mag. Ecuador, II6O m.
Distribution:
Higher western slopes of Andes
in
Nat.
Hist., (7) 9=
55-
Type-locality:
Paramba,
Ecuador.
PROCTOPORUS LAEVIS (Boulenger) Type-locality:.
1908 Oreosaurus laevis Boulenger, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (s) 2: 521, figs. 'ya-d. Antonio, Colombia. 1533 Proctoporus laevis Burt and Burt, Trans. Acad. Sc . St. Louis, 28: 73-
—
Distribution:
San
i
Southwestern Colombia.
PROCTOPORUS LUCTUOSUS (Peters) Type-locality:
1862 Ecpleopus ( Oreosaurus ) luctuosus Peters, Abh. Akad. W!ss. Berlin, 1862: 2O3. Venezuela. 1533 Proctoporus luctuosus Burt and Burt, Trans. Acad. Sc . St. Louis, 28: 73-
—
Distribution:
i
Rancho Grande, Estado Aragua, Venezuela.
PROCTOPORUS MELEAGRIS Boulenger 1885 Proctoporus meleaqris Boulenger. Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., Western Ecuador.
Distribution:
Higher western slopes of Andes
in
2:
415,
Ecuador, to 3OOO
pl'
22, fig.
2.
Type-locality:
<"•
PROCTOPORUS OCULATUS (O 'Shaughnessy) Type-locality: I879 Ecpleopus oculatus O'Shaughnessy, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) *: 297' Ecuador. 1933 Proctoporus oculatus Burt and Burt, Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis, 28: 73-
Intac,
—
Distribution:
Higher western slopes of Andes
in
Ecuador.
PROCTOPORUS PACHYURUS Tschudi 1845 Proctoporus pachyurus Tschudi, Ark. fur Naturg., 11: I6I. Chanchamayo, eastern slope of Andes, Peru. Distribution:
Inter-Andean valleys
in
Type-locality:
Chanchamayo region of Peru.
Valley of Rio
240
PROCTOPORUS
PROCTOPORUS SHREVEI Parker Parker, Tropical Agriculture, Trinidad, 12: 283. 1935 Proctoporus ( Oreosaurus ) shreve Heaths of Aripo Mountain Range, Trinidad. i
Distribution:
Type-locality:
Trinidad.
PROCTOPORUS SIMOTERUS (O Shaughnessy '
1879 Emphrassotis simoterus O'Slnaughnessy, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) Ecuador. 188S Proctoporus simoterus Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 414.
4:
Type-locality:
296.
Intac,
—
Distribution:
Western slopes of Andes
in
Ecuador.
PROCTOPORUS STRIATUS (Peters) I862 Ecpleopus ( Oreosaurus ) strlatus Peters, Abh. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1862: locality: Santa Fe de Bogotá, Colombia. 1885 Proctoporus striatus Cope, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. , 23: 98.
201, pi.
3,
fig.
2.
Type-
—
Distribution: Upper eastern slopes of Andes in Colombia; questionable record from El Chiral, El Oro Province, Ecuador (see Peters, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 3545, I967, 33).
PROCTOPORUS UNICOLOR (Gray) Type-locality: Ecuador. I858 Riama un icolor Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, I858: 446, pi. 15, fig. 2. Type-locality; Boettger, Ber. Offen. Ver. fiJr Natur., I7-I8: 9* I878 Ecpleopus ( Oreosaurus ) Peters Province of Para, Brazil; considered to be erroneous by Burt and Burt, Trans. Acad. Sc . St. Louis, 28, 1933, 74. I885 Proctoporus un icolor Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 413. I889 Proctoporus 1 v idus Thominot, Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris, (8) 1: 25. Type-locality: unknown. i
i
—
i
Distribution: Higher western slopes and
intei
— Andean
valleys of northern Ecuador.
PROCTOPORUS VENTRIMACULATUS Boulenger 1900 Proctoporus ventr imaculatus Boulenger. Ann. Mag. Cajamarca, Peru, 33OO m.
Distribution:
Intei
— Andean
fJat.
valleys of northern Peru.
Hist., (7)
6:
I85.
Type-locality:
241
REPTILIA: SAURIA:
**
IGUANIDAE
PROCTOTRETUS
PROCTOTRETUS Dumlril and Bibron Proctotretus pect inatus Type-species: 1837 Proctotretus Dumlril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., 4: 266. Dumeril and Bibron. Type-species: Proctotretus pect natus Dumeril and 1845 Ptyqoderus Gray, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: 216. Bibron. Type-species: Trop idocephalus azureus 1882 Trop docephalus MGller, Verb. Naturf. Ges. Basel, 1: 162. Müller. i
i
Distribution: Brazil. Content:
Southern South America east of Andes; Paraguay, Argentina, Uruguay, extreme southern
Three species.
Key to the species 1.
Clave de especies
Vertebral and dorsolateral crests distinct; triple row of semicircular spots; lateral light stripes not broken; throat immaculate
1.
Crestas vertebral y dorsolateral distintas; diseño con triple hilera de manchas semicirculares; cintas laterales claras no que2 bradas; cuello inmaculado Cresta vertebral Indistinta; crestas dorsolaterales faltan; diseco con doble fila de manchas semicirculares; cintas laterales claras quebradas; cuello con marcas pardas doello iuradoi
2.
Lámelas bajo el anterior ')-l'¿; lares; escamas Lámelas bajo el anterior 14-15; lares; escamas
2
Vertebral crest indistinct; dorsolateral crests absent; double row of semicircular spots; lateral light stripes broken; throat with brown markings doello jurado i
2.
Lamellae on fourth digit of forelimb 5"12; postfemoral scales granular; ventral scales smooth pect inatus Lamellae on fourth digit of forelimb 14-15; postfemoral scales not granular; ventral scales keeled azureus
cuarto dedo de la extremidad escamas posfemorales granuventrales lisas pect inatus cuarto dedo de la extremidad escamas posfemorales no granuventrales quilladas azureus
PROCTOTRETUS AZUREUS (Müller) 1882 Tropidocephalus azureus Müller, Verh. Naturf. Ges. Basel, "J: 162. Type-locality: 1930 Proctotretus azureus Burt and Burt, Proc, U.S. Nat. Mus., /S: 21.
—
Distribution:
Uruguay.
Uruguay and extreme southern Brazil.
PROCTOTRETUS DOELLO JURADO
I
Freiberg
1944 Proctotretus doello jurado Argent ina.
i
Freiberg. Physis, IJ: 473, figs. 1-4.
Type-locality:
La
Rioja,
Distribution: Provincias de Córdoba, Cajamarca, La Rioja, San Luis and Santiago del Estero, Argentina.
PROCTOTRETUS PECT! NATUS Duméril and Bibron Type-locality: Chile (in error). 1837 Proctotretus pect inatus Dumeril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., 4: 252. Type-locality: Río 1857 Proctotretus splendidus Girard. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., I857: I58. Negro, Patagonia, Argentina.
Distribution:
Río Negro to La Pampa añd Buenos Aires, Argentina; Uruguay.
242
**
REPTILIA: SAURIA: GEKKONIDAE
PSEUDOGONATODES
PSEUDOGONATOOES Ruthven 1515 Pseudoaonatodes Ruthven, Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 15: 1. f urvus Ruthven.
Pseudoqonatodes
Northern South America.
Distribution: Content:
Type-species:
Five species (plus
a
sixth, described but not named by Mechler, Rev. Suisse Zool., 75>
1568, 352).
Key to the species 1.
Dorsal scales granulai Dorsal scales imbricate 1
Clave de especies 2
harbour
1.
i
•
2.
Length of head contained four and one half times in snout-vent distance; rostral bordered by three scales 3 Length of head contained five times in the snout-vent distance; rostral bordered by two - qu ianens is scales
3.
Posterior margin of first lower labial reaches anterior border of eye; fewer than 41 scales from level of arm insertion to vent; fewer than 4 25 scales across belly at midbody Posterior margin of first lower labial below loreal; more than 41 longitudinal rows of scales on belly; more than 26 rows across belly f urvus
2.
"},
Escamas dorsales granulares Escamas dorsales imbricadas
2
harbour
Margen posterior de la primera infralabial llega al borde anterior del ojo; menos de 41 escamas desde la inserción braquial al ano; menos de 25 escamas a través del medio vien4 tre Margen- posterior de la primera infralabial llega a la loreal; más de 41 escamas ventrales, más de 26 escamas a través del medio
vientre 4.
Posterior margin of mental transverse; 37~38 longitudinal rows of ventrals lunulatus Posterior end of mental forms a "V" with open end towards rear; 40-41 longitudinal rows of ventrals amazon icus
4.
f urvus
Margen mental posterior, transverso; 37"3S hileras longitudinales de ventrales lunulatus Margen mental posterior en forma de "V" abierto hacia atrás; 40-41 hileras longitudinales de ventrales amazon icus
—
PSEUDOGONATODES AMAZONICUS Vanzolinl 1567 Pseudoqonatodes amazon icus Vanzolini, Pap. Avul. De pto. Zool. Sao Paulo, 21 (l): locality: Igarapé Belém, Rio Solimües, Amazonas, Brazil.
Distribution:
I
fig.
1-2.
Type-
(Noble)
1521 Lepidoblepharis barbouri Noble. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sc . , 23: 1331926 Pseudoqonatodes barbouri Parker, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (9) I7:
—
Distribution:
2,
Known only from type locality.
PSEUDOGONATODES BARBOUR
i
Type-locality:
Perico, Peru.
298.
Arid valleys of Río Chinchipe and Rfo Marañen, Peru.
PSEUDOGONATODES FURVUS Ruthven 1915 Pseudoqonatodes furvus Ruthven, Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., I9: Lorenzo, Santa Marta Mountains, Colombia, J^^OO ft. Distribution;
V
°f ear.
2.
Type-locality;
illav icenc io region of Colombia.
iMeasured from tip of snout to anterior edge
i
?
Longitud de la cabeza contenida cuatro veces y media en la distancia hocico-ano; rostral boi— deado por tres escamas 3 Longitud de la cabeza contenida cinco veces en la distancia hocico-ano; rostral bordeado por -- gu ianens is dos escamas
2Medida desde la punta del hocico al borde anterior del oido.
San
243
PSEUDOGONATODES
PSEUDOGONATODES GUIANENSIS Parker 1935 Pseudoqonatodes auianensis Parker, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1935= Cuyuni River, Guyana.
Distribution:
51*"
Type-locality:
Upper
Guyana.
PSEUDOGONATODES LUNULATUS (Roux) Type-locality: 1927 Lepidoblepharis lunulatus Roux. Verh. Naturf. Ges. Basel, 38: 252. Falcon, Venezuela. 1949 Pseudoqonatodes lunulatus Shreve, Bull. Mus. Oomp. Zool., Harvard, 99= 522.
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;
Distribution:
Known only from Estados de Falcon and Aragua, Venezuela.
El
Mene,
244
REPTILIA:
SAURIA:
"^ "k
TEIIDAE
PTYCHOGLOSSUS
PTYCHOGLQSSUS Boulenger
Ptvchoqiossus Type-spec !es: I85O Ptychoalossus Boulenger, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, I85O: 83. bi 1 ¡neatus Boulenger. Type-species: 1. Univ. Torino, Comp. Anat. 11 Mus. Zool. (235): Peracca, Boll. I856 Diastemalepis D iastemalepi s f estae Peracca. Gon ioptyclius bicolor Werner. Type-species: iqi6 Gonioptychus Werner, Zool. Anz., 4/: 3''*' Distribution: Content:
Costa Rica to Ecuador and Venezuela.
Seven species.
Clave de especies
Key to the species 1.
Prefrontals present Prefrontals absent
2 b
1.
icolor
2
Prefrontales presentes Prefrontales ausentes
b
icolor
Escamas ventrales en más de cinco hileras 3 long tud nales Escamas ventrales en cuatro hileras longitudinales pl icatus
More than five longitudinal rows of ventral scales 3 Four longitudinal rows of ventral scales pl catus
2.
3.
Ten rows of longitudinal ventral scales Six or eight rows of longitudinal ventral scales
3-
Ventrales en diez hileras longitudinales Ventrales en seis a ocho hileras longitudinales
4.
Four supraoculars; prefrontals forming f estae suture Three supraoculars; prefrontals not in ict iceps p contact
4.
Cuatro supraoculares; prefrontales forman f estae sutura Tres supraoculares; prefrontales apenas se pict iceps tocan
5.
6 Four supraoculars; prefrontals in contact Three supraoculars; prefrontals not in kuqler contact
5-
Cuatro supraoculares; prefrontales contactan 6 entre si Tres supraoculares; prefrontales no conkuqler tactan
6.
Del occipital al sacro 32 escamas; castaño sin nicef or diseños Del occipital al sacro 24 escamas; dos cintas
2.
!
i
4
5
i
i
4
5
i
6.
Scales between occipital and sacrum 32; n icef ori uniform brown Scales between occipital and sacrum 24; two brevifrontal is lateral light stripes
brevifrontal
claras laterales
PTYCHOGLOSSUS BICOLOR (Werner) Cañón del Tolima, Colombia. Type-locality: 1916 Gonioptychus bicolor Werner. Zool. Anz., 4/: 3^5Ptvchoqiossus bicolor Uzzell, Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 592: 1.
—
19*58
Mountain area of Tolima, Colombia.
Distribution:
PTYCHOGLOSSUS BREV FRONTAL I
I
Boulenger
1912 Ptvchoqiossus brev f rontal s Boulenger, Ann. Mag. El Topo, Río Pastaza, Ecuador. i
Distribution:
i
Nat.
Hist., (s) 10:
421.
Type-locality:
Amazonian slopes of Ecuador.
PTYCHOGLOSSUS FESTAE (Peracca) 1896 Diastemalepis festae Peracca, Boll. Mus. Zool. Comp. Anat. Univ. Torino, 11 (235): Río Cianati, Darién, Panama. Type-locality: Burt and Burt, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., $1: 3731931 Ptvchoqiossus festae
Distribution:
Colombia and Panama.
2.
i
is
245
PTYCHOGLOSSUS
PTYCHOGLOSSUS KUGLERI Roux 1927 Ptychoqlossus kuqleri Roux, Verh. Estado Falcon, Venezuela.
Distribution:
Naturforsch. Ges. Basel, 38: 256.
Mountains of coastal Cordillera
in
Type-locality:
El
Mene,
Falcon and Aragua, Venezuela.
PTYCHOGLOSSUS NICEFORI (loveridge) 1929 Anadia nicefori Loveridge, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wasiiington, 42: Macanal, eastern Andes, Colombia. Dunn, Caldasia, 3 (ll): 67. 19A4 Ptychoqlossus nicefori
55.
Type-locality:
Rfo Garagoa at
—
Distribution:
Eastern slopes of Andes
in
Colombia.
PTYCHOGLOSSUS PICTICEPS Pebas, Peru. Type-locality: Leposoma picticeps Cope. Proc. Amer. Pliil. Soc, 23: 59. 1890 Ptychoqlossus bilineatus Boulenger, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, I85O: 84, pi. 10, fig. 2. Ecuador. locality: Burt and Burt, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 61: 3721531 p[ tychoqlossus J picticeps IBS')
Type-
—
Distribution:
Amazonian Ecuador and Peru.
PTYCHOGLOSSUS PLICATUS (Taylor) Type-locality: 1949 Alopoolossus plicatus Taylor. Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 33: 272. 5 mi southwest of Turrialba, Cartago, Costa Rica. 19^2 Ptychoqlossus plicatus Ruibal, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 106: 479.
—
Distribution;
Known from type-locality and La Lola Provincia, Limón, Costa Rica.
Morehouse Finca,
246
***
REPULÍA: SAURlA: IGUANIDAE
SCELOPORUS
SCELOPORUS Wiegtnann 1828 SceloDorus Wiegmann,
Isis von Oken,
21:
3^9'
Sceloporus torquatus Wieqmann.
Type-spec Íes:
Throughout temperate North America, Mexico, and Central America to and including
Distribution: Panama.
About 55 species, according to last major revision by Smith, Zool. Ser. Field Mus. Nat. Content: Sceloporus salvinii Hist., 26, 1935» °'f which twelve are found within limits of this work. Günther, based in part on Guatemalan specimens, has been restricted to a Mexican population of Smith, loc. cit., designation by p. 40. Sceloporus malachiticus through lectotype
Clave de especies
Key to the species 1.
Bolsillo posfemoral presente Bolsillo posfemoral ausente
Dorsal scales (occiput to above posterior margins of thighs) usually fewerthan 48 teapens is Dorsal scales usually more than 48 var iabil s
2.
Escamas dorsales (desde el occipucio hasta encima del margen posterior del fémur) usualteapens s mente menos de 48 Escamas dorsales usualmente más de 48 var iab 1 is
3.
Dorsal pattern gives impression of dorsolateral 4 light stripe Dorsal pattern extremely variable but never giving impression of dorsolateral light stripe
3-
Diseño dorsal da la impresión de una linea 4 dorsolateral clara Diseño dorsal extremadamente variable que nunca da la impresión de una Ifnea dorsolateral clara 7
4.
Total femoral pores fewerthan 25 Femoral pores more than 25
*•
Poros femorales en total menos de 25 5 chrysost ictus Poros femorales más de 25
5-
Una sola cantal Dos escamas cantales
1.
2.
Postfemoral dermal pocket present No postfemoral dermal pocket
2 3
i
y
5.
6.
Single canthal scale Two canthal scales Total femoral pores more than 12 Femoral pores fewer than 12
chrysost ictus 6 s in if erus
cari natus
6.
squamosus
7. Dark collar on sides of neck and in some instances complete across shoulders and
f.
8 unbroken middorsally No dark collar; conspicuous dark nape patch melanorh ñus i
8.
9.
Single canthal Two canthals
Supraorbitals Supraorbitals
9
8.
10 in
in
two rows single row
a
10. More than 35 dorsal scales between tal and posterior level of thighs
malach t icus acanth nus i
i
interparie11
Fewer than 35 dorsal scales between interparie12 tal and posterior level of thighs 11. Supraorbi tais
in
Supraorbitals
in
single row two rows
a
acanthi nus malachi t icus
3
i
i
5
2
').
6 s
Poros femorales en total más de 12 Poros femorales menos de 12
i
n if erus
cari natus
squamosus
Con collar oscuro a los lados del cuello, en algunos casos completo a través de los hom8 bros; no quebrado med iodorsalmente Sin collar oscuro; con conspicuo parche oscuro melanorh inus en la nuca Una sola cantal Dos cantales
Supraorbi tales en dos filas Supraorb tales en una fila i
9 10
malach t icus acanth nus i
i
10. Más de 35 escamas dorsales entre la interparie11 tal y el nivel posterior del fémur Menos de 35 escamas dorsales entre la intei 12 fémuí del parietal y nivel posterior
—
11. Supraorbi tales en una fila Supraorb tales en dos filas i
acanth inus malach it icus
12.Parietals and frequently frontoparietals separated from posterior supraorbital by row of small scales 13 Parietals in contact with posterior supralundell orb tais
12. Par ietales y frecuentemente f rontopar eiales separadas del supraorbital posterior por una 13 fila de pequeñas escamas Parietales en contacto con supraorb tales
13. tower row of labiomentals extending forward to
13.Fila inferior de labiomentales extendiéndose hasta contactar con segunda posmental- prezyqus Fila inferior de labiomentales extendiéndose serr if er sólo hasta tercera posmental
i
i
contact second postmental prezyqus Lower row of labiomentals extending forward only to third postmental serr iter
i
i
posteriores
lundelli
24_7
SCELOPORUS
SCELOPORUS ACANTHINUS Bocourt 1873 Sceleporus acathhinus Bocourt (erroneous spelling), Ann. Sc . Nat. Zool. Paris, (5) 17> ^'"t' 6 San Agustín, Volcan Atltlán, Guatemala, 610 m. Type-locality: bis: 24. 1874 Sceleporus acanthinus Bocourt (corrected spelling). Miss. Sc . Mex., Rept.: 180, pi. 18, figs. 10-lOb, pi. 15, figs. 4-4a. !
—
Distribution: Salvador. Content:
i
Low and moderate elevations from eastern Chiapas, Mexico to Guatemala and El
Two subspecies.
Clave de subespecies
Key to the subspecies 1.
acanth nus lunae
Two canthal scales Single canthal scale
i
i
1.
acanth ñus lunae
Dos escamas cantales Una sola escama cantal
i
i
Sceleporus acanth nus acanth nus Bocourt i
i
Type-locality;
I5I8 Sceloporus quentheri Stejneger, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 3I' 92Mex Ico.
1530 Sceloporus acanth nurus Gadow (erroneous spelling of acanth inus ). Jorullo: 66. 1535 Sceloporus acanthinus Smith, Zool. Ser. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., 26: 7*> Pls. 6-7. 1963 Sceloporus acanthinus acanthinus Stuart, Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 122: 70i
—
Low and moderate elevations of Pacific slope from eastern Chiapas, Mexico to Distribution: El Salvador.
Sceloporus acanth nus lunae i
I
Bocourt
Plateau of 1873 Sceloporus lunael Bocourt, Ann. Sc . Nat. Zool. Paris, (5) I7, art. 10: 1. Guatemala, I5OO m. Hist., 26: pi. Mus. Nat. Ser. Field Smith, Zool. 5. lunael Sceloporus 63, 1535 Stuart, Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 122: 7O. 1963 Sceloporus acanthinus lunael I
—
Distribution: Salvador.
—
Moderate elevations from central through eastern Guatemala, to El
SCELOPORUS CARINATUS Smith 1936 Sceloporus carinatus Smith. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 45: Near Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, Mexico.
Distribution: Guatemala.
pi.
85,
figs.
2,
2-3.
Type-locality:
Headwaters of R'o Grijalva, from Chiapas, Mexico to headwaters of R'o Negro,
SCELOPORUS CHRYSOST ICTUS Cope 1866 Sceloporus chrysost ictus Cope. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc Mex ico.
1939 Sceloporus chrysost ictus
Distribution:
—Smith,
Zool.
Ser.
I
.
Type-locality:
Phila., 1866: I25.
Field Mus.
Nat. Hist., 26:
295, pi.
Yucatán,
24.
Yucatán Peninsula south to central El Petin, Guatemala and northern British Honduras.
SCELOPORUS LUNDELLI Smith 19^9 Sceloporus lundelli Smith. Zool. Ser. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., 26: 66, pi. Cohune Ridge, 20 ml SE of Benque Viejo, British Honduras.
Distribution: Content:
4.
Yucatán Peninsula to British Honduras and El Peten, Guatemala.
Two subspecies, one of which
(
qa Igeae Smith)
is
extral
im
i
tal.
Type-locality:
248
SCELOPORUS
Sceloporus lundell
i
lundell
Smith
i
Field Mus.
iq^q Sceloporus lundelli lundelli Smith. Zool. Ser.
Nat.
Hist., 26: 66, pi.
4.
Southern parts of Yucatán Peninsula to British Honduras and El Peten,
Distribution: Guatemala.
SCELOPORUS MALACHITICUS Cope 1864 Sceloporus malach t icus Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat, Sc Arriba, Costa Rica. i
Distribution:
i
Phila., 1864: I78.
.
Type-locality:
Near
Veracruz and Chiapas, Mexico, to Panama.
Five subspecies, of which two Content: extra limital.
(
i
nternasal
is
Key to the subspecies
Dorsal scales usually more than 37 Dorsal scales usually less than 38 malach
2.
Two canthal scales Single canthal scale
i
t
2 it
i
it
i
n
i
Normalmente más de 37 dorsales Normalmente menos de J8 dorsales malach
i
2.
Dos escamas cantales Una sola escama cantal
2
i
t
icus
taen ocnem i
i
s
smaraqdinus
cus Cope
I89O Sceloporus razuens s Günther, Biol. Cent. Amer., Rept.: 67. Type-locality: Rica. 1542 [ Sceloporus ] malachit icus malachit icus SmitK, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 92: 356. i
i
Günther) are
1.
icus
taen ocnem s smaraqdi ñus
icus malach
i
Clave de siibespecies
1.
Sceloporus malach
Smith and Bumzahen and salv
Irazu, Costa
—
Guatemala to Panama.
Distribution:
Sceloporus malach
i
t
icus smaraqd ñus Bocourt i
I873 Sceloporus smaraqd ñus Bocourt, Ann. Sc . Nat. Paris, (5) 17> ^rt. Solóla, Totonicapan, and Quezaltenango, Guatemala, 2000 m. Jones, Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 186: 1927 Sceloporus schm dt Mountain camp west of San Pedro, Honduras, 45OO ft. Smith, Zool. Ser. Field Mus. Nat. 1939 Sceloporus f ormosus smaraqd nus 1942 Sceloporus malach it icus smaraqdi nus Smith, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus.,
10;
i
i
i
i
—
—
1.
Type-locality:
Type-locality:
4.
Hist., 26: 41. 92:
356-
Distribution: Intermediate and high elevations of plateaus of Guatemala, excluding Alta Verapaz and Caribbean slope of Sierra de los Cuchumatanes.
Sceloporus malach
i
t
icus taen ocnem is Cope i
Guatemala; Type-locality: I885 Sceloporus taen ocnem s Cope, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc, 22: 399' restricted to Coban, Guatemala, by Smith and Taylor, Bull. U.S. Nat Mus., 199, 195°» i
i
108.
1949 Sceloporus malachiticus taeniocnemis
—Smith,
Jour. Washington Acad.
Sc
i
.
,
39-
39-
Distribution: Moderate and high elevations of Alta Verapaz and Caribbean slope of Sierra de los Cuchumatanes in Guatemala; Mesa Central and Sierra Madre in Chiapas, Mexico; encircling Sceloporus malach t icus smaraqd nus on east, north, and northwest. i
i
249
SCELOPORUS
SCELOPORUS MELANORH NUS Bocourt I
18/6 SceloDorus melanorh nus Bocourt, Ann. Sc . Nat. Zool., Paris, (6) 3, art. 12: 2. Type-locality: Isthmus of Tehuantepec, restricted to Cuidad de Tehuantepec, Mexico, by Smith and Taylor, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., 155, 1950j 112. i
i
Distribution: Nayarit to Oaxaca, Mexico; apparently discontinuous drainage of Guatemala. Content: Three subspecies, two of which limital.
Sceloporus melanorh inus stuart
i
(
in
Chiapas;
R'o Grijalva
in
melanorh nus Bocourt and call iqaster Smith) are extrai
Smith
1548 Sceloporus melanorh nus stuart Smith, Nat. Hist. Misc., Chicago Acad. Sc Finca Canibal, Huehuetenango, Guatemala, about 3OOO ft. Type-locality: i
i
Distribution: Moderate elevations of valley of Rio Grijalva water valleys in adjacent Guatemala.
in
i
.
,
20;
1.
Chiapas, Mexico, and head-
SCELOPORUS PREZYGUS Smith 1542 Sceloporus prezygus Smith, Proc. U.S. Nat. Bartolomé and Comitan), Chiapas, Mexico;
Mus., 52: 53OO ft.
35*'
Type-locality:
Con jab (between San
Distribution: Moderate and intermediate elevations on Mesa Central of Chiapas, Mexico, through drier parts of headwater valleys of R'o Grijalva and upper Río Negro of Guatemala.
SCELOPORUS SERRIFER Cope 1866 Sceloporus serrifer Cope. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc . Phila., 1866: 124. Yucatán, Type-locality: Mexico; restricted by Smith and Taylor, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., I55, I55O, 124, to Me'rida, Yucatán, Mex ico. i
Distribution: Content:
Tamaulipas, Mexico, to £1. Peten, Guatemala.
Three subspecies, two
(
pi ioporus Smith and car
i
n
iceps
Martin) ex tral
im
i
tal
.
Comment: Specimens from Guatemala called Sceloporus serrifer pi ioporus Smith are all Sceloporus prezygus , according to Stuart, Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 122, I563, 72-
Sceloporus serr iter serr
i
f er
Cope
1535 Sceloporus serrifer serrifer
Distribution:
—Smith,
Zool.
Ser.
Yucatán Peninsula south to central
Field Mus.
Nat.
Hist., 26: 212.
Peten, Guatemala.
El
SCELOPORUS SINIFERUS Cope I865 Sceloporus s n if erus Cope, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc, 11; 159' Pacific side of the Type-locality: Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Mexico. 1535 Sceloporus sin if erus Smith, Zool. Ser. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., 26: 313, pi. 25. i
—
Distribution: Content:
Guerrero to western Guatemala; highlands of Oaxaca, Mexico.
Two subspecies, one
Sceloporus
s
i
n if erus
s in if erus
(
cupreus Bocourt) extral
im
i
tal.
Cope
I873 Sceloporus humeral s Bocourt, Ann. Sc . Nat. Zool. Paris, (5) 17> art. 10: 2. TypeOaxaca, Mexico. locality: 15'iO Sceloporus siniferus siniferus Smith and Taylor, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., I53: 134. i
i
—
Distribution: Low and moderate elevations of Pacific slope; Guerrero, Mexico to Pacific coastal plain of western Guatemala. 369^215
O— 70
17
250
SCELOPORUS
SCELOPORUS SQUAMOSUS Bocourt I874 Sceloporus squamosus Bocourt, Miss.Sci. Mex.. Rept.: 212, pi. 18 bis, figs, /-/c and pi. I5, Guatemala [? city]; Antigua, I5OO m; and embayment of R'o Nagualate; Type-locality: fig. 3. Guatemala. Type-locality: 18/4 Sceloporus fulvus Bocourt. Miss. Sc . Mex., Rept.: 214, pi, 18 bis, figs. 8-8c. La Union, Salvador. 1939 Sceloporus squamosus Smith, Zool. Ser. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., 26: 3I5, pi. 24. i
—
Low and moderate elevations from eastern Chiapas, Mexico, along Pacific slope to Distribution: Costa Rica; dry valleys on Caribbean slope of Guatemala and Honduras, also on southeastern highlands of Guatemala.
SCELOPORUS TEAPENSIS GUnther 1830 Sceloporus teapensis Günther, Biol. Cent. Amer., Rept.: 75. Mex ico.
1333 Sceloporus teapensis
—Smith,
Zool.
Ser.
Type-locality:
Teapa, Tabasco,
Field Mus. Nat. Hist., 26: 256, pi. 21.
Low and moderate elevations along Caribbean slope; southern Veracruz, Mexico to Distribution: eastern Guatemala, excluding outer end of Yucatin Peninsula.
SCELOPORUS VARIABILIS Wiegmann Mexico; Type-locality: 1834 Sc[eloporus ] var iab il is Wiegmann, Herpetologia Mexicana: 51to Veracruz, Mexico by Smith and Taylor, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., l??, I95O, I3O.
Mexico to Costa Rica.
Distribution: Content: extral
Four subspecies, two of which im
i
(
marmoratus Hallowell and sm th i
i
Hartweg and Oliver) are
tal.
Clave de subespecies
Key to the subspecies 1.
restricted
Total femoral pores more than 20
1.
var iab
Femoral pores fewer than 20
Sceloporus var ab i
il
i
s
var iab
11
il is
i
Poros femorales en total más de 20 var ab 1 s Poros femorales menos de 20 olloporus i
olloporus
i
i
s
1334 Sceloporus variabilis variabilis
—Smith,
Proc.
Biol.
Soc. Washington,
4/:
128.
Distribution: Low, moderate and intermediate elevations from Tamaulipas and Queretaro, Mexico, south on plateau and on Caribbean slope to Isthmus of Tehuantepec, thence through valley of R'o Grijalva, Chiapas, Mexico, through headwater valleys of same river in Guatemala.
Sceloporus var iab
il
i
s
olloporus Smith
1937 Sceloporus var iab 1 s olloporus Smith, Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. locality: San Juanillo, Costa Rica. i
i
Univ.
Mich., 35^'
Distribution: Low and moderate elevations from dry basins of central Guatemala and central Honduras and south along Pacific slope to Costa Rica.
H»
Type-
into northern
251
REPTILIA:
-^ -^
SAURIA: GEKKONIDAE
SPHAERODACTYLUS
SPHAERODACTYLUS Wagler Type-species: 1830 Sphaerodactylus Wagler. Nat. Syst. Amph.: 143. Lacerta sputator Sparrman. 1831 Sphaer iodactylus Gray (substitute name for Sphaerodactylus Wagler, I83O), Synopsis Species Class Reptilia, in Griffith, Cuvier's Animal Kingdom, J: 52. Distribution: keys.
Antilles, Central America, northern South America;
introduced
in
Florida and Florida
Content: 61 species, of which 5'' «""e extral im tal, according to Wermuth, Oas Tierreich, 80, 1965. One species, f antast icus Dumeril and Bibron, has been erroneously recorded from Venezuela. i
Key to the species 1.
2.
Dorsal scales keeled Dorsal scales smooth
Clave de especies 2 6
Dorsal scales flat, very small, weakly keeled; snout rounded; scales on ventral surface of tail widened 3 Dorsal scales may or may not be flat; snout pointed; scales on ventral surface of tail may or may not be widened 4
3.
Ventral scales weakly imbricate; juveniles with transverse bands on shoulder, dorsum, lumbar region and tail; ground color in adults pale brown with chestnut spotting llneolatus Ventral scales distinctly imbricate; black streaks on head (nasal-auricular and interocular-occipital); finely spotted with black cont inentalis dorsally
4.
Dorsal scales imbricate 5 Dorsal scales juxtaposed; dorsal pattern with two light bands length of body molei
5.
Middorsal scales smaller than other dorsals; head with irregular black and white stripes; dorsum without transverse light lines mertensi Middorsal scales same as other dorsals; head without irregular black and white stripes; dorsal pattern with transverse light lines ,
6.
7.
8.
9.
Dorsal scales imbricate; snout rounded Dorsal scales juxtaposed; snout pointed
2.
]
Ocular spine present; dorsal granular scales tuberculate, trihedral, strongly differentiated rosaurae 'Ocular spine absent; dorsal scales flat, neither tuberculate nor trihedral scapularis subcaudal scales not widened homolepis Snout rounded; subcaudal scales widened qlaucus
Escamas dorsales planas, muy pequeñas, debilmente carenadas; hocico redondeado; escamas inferiores de la cola ensanchadas Escamas dorsales planas o no; hocico puntiagudo; escamas inferiores de la cola ensanchadas no-
2
6
3
4
Escamas ventrales ligeramente imbricadas; bandas transversales en los juveniles en cuello, dorso, región lumbar y cola; adultos manchados de castaPlo oscuro sobre pardo claro lineolatus Escamas ventrales claramente imbricadas; sobre la cabeza iTneas negras (nasal-auricular e interocular-occ ipi tal); manchados finamente de negro cont inental is
4.
Escamas dorsales imbricadas 5 Escamas dorsales yuxtapuestas; dos bandas claras a lo largo del dorso molei
5,
Escamas dorsales medianas más pequeñas; cabeza con líneas negras y blancas irregulares; dorso sin líneas claras transversales mertensi Escamas dorsales del mismo tamaño que las otras escamas; cabeza sin líneas negras y blancas irregulares; diseño dorsal sin líneas claras transversales dunni
6.
Escamas dorsales imbricadas; hocico redondeado Escamas dorsales yuxtapuestas; hocico agudo
8
Dorsal scales granular, dorsal pattern generally spotted 9 Dorsal scales not granular but flat; dorsal pattern generally without spots 10
Escamas dorsales quilladas Escamas dorsales lisas
3.
dunni
Subcaudal scales widened; dorsum finely spotted millepunctatus Subcaudal scales not widened; dorsum heavily pacificas spotted
10. Snout pointed;
1.
7 8
7.
Subcaudales ensanchadas, dorso finamente manchado millepunctatus Subcaudales no ensanchadas; dorso con manchas densas e irregulares pac if icus
8.
Escamas dorsales granulares; diseño dorsal generalmente manchado 9 Escamas dorsales no granulares, planas; diseño generalmente no manchado 10
9.
Espina ocular presente; granulos dorsales tuberculares, trihedrales, fuertemente diferenciados rosaurae Espina ocular ausente; granulos dorsales no tuberculares ni trihedrales scapularis
10.
Hocico agudo; escamas subcaudales no ensanchadas homolep is Hocico redondeado; escamas subcaudales ensanchadas qlaucus
252
SPHAERODACTYLUS
SPHAERODACTYLUS
COM
I
MENTAL
Werner
IS
I856 Sphaerodactvlus arqus van. cont inental is Werner, Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien, 46: locality: "Honduras". 1962 Sphaerodactylus cont inental is Smith and Del Toro, Herpetolog ica, 18: 102.
3^5-
Type-
—
Distribution:
Mexico south to Costa Rica.
SPHAERODACTYLUS DUNN
I
Schmidt
Schmidt, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 45: 46. 1536 Sphaerodactylus dunn near Cofradia, Honduras. i
Distribution:
Type-locality:
Río Naco,
Known only from type locality.
SPHAERODACTYLUS GLAUCUS Cope 186'i
Sphaerodactylus qlaucus Cope. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., I865; Merida, Yucatan, Mexico.
Distribution: Content:
Type-locality:
192^*
near
Mexico and Guatemala.
Two subspecies, one
(
inornatus Peters) extral imi tal.
Sphaerodactylus qlaucus qlaucus Cope 1945 Sphaerodactylus qlaucus qlaucu&
Distribution:
— Smith,
Jour. Wash.
Caribbean slope from Veracruz, Mexico,
Acad.
Sci., 35"
3*'
including Yucatán, to eastern Guatemala
SPHAERODACTYLUS HOMOLEPIS Cope 1886 Sphaerodactylus homolepis Cope. Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc, 23: 277> Type-locality: Nicaragua. 1916 Sphaerodactylus homolepis var. carinatus Andersson, Meddel. Goteborg. Mus. Zool., 9' 5^VP^locality: Costa Rica.
Distribution:
Nicaragua and Costa Rica.
SPHAERODACTYLUS LINEOLATUS
(L
¡chtenste n) ¡
TypeI856 Sphaer odactylus 1 neolatus L ich tenste n, Nomencl. Rept. Amph. Mus. Zool. Berlin: 6. locality: Veragua, Panama. 1862 S.[ phaerodactylus ] 1 neolatus Cope. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., I86I: 497. Type-locality: 1862 Sphaerodactylus casicolus Cope. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., I86I: 499. Truando Region, Colombia. i
i
i
—
i
Distribution: British Honduras south to Panama and northwestern Colombia; Ecuador on basis of USNM 6545I, from Macas.
a
doubtful record
in
SPHAERODACTYLUS MERTENSI Wermuth 1916 Sphaerodactylus lineolatus var. imbricatus Andersson (preoccupied by Sphaerodactylus imbricatus Costa Rica. Type-locality: Fischer, I88I), Meddel. Goteborg. Mus. Zool., 9: 5. 19S6 Sphaerodactylus imbricatus Taylor. Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 38: 4$, figs. 10-11. 1965 Sphaerodactylus mertensi Wermuth (substitute name for imbricatus Andersson), Das Tierreich, 80: Costa Rica. Type-locality: 170.
—
Distribution:
Costa Rica.
253
SPHAERODACTYLUS
SPHAERODACTYLUS M LLEPUNCTATUS (Hallowell) I
1861 Sphaeriodactylus in illepunc-tatus Hallowell. Proc. Acad. locality: Nicaragua. 1862 Sphaerodactvlus mi llepunctatug Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat.
—
Distribution:
Central America:
Ph!la., I860: 480.
Nat.
Sc
Sc
Phila., 1861:
!
.
!
.
Type-
455.
Nicaragua and Costa Rica.
SPHAERODACTYLUS MOL El Boettger I854 Sphaerodactvlus mole Tri
n
i
Boettger,
J.
Field Natural. Club, Trinidad,
80.
2:
Type-locality:
Caparo,
¡dad.
1900 Sphaerodactylus buerqeri Werner, Verb. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien, 5^' 264. Spa in, Tr n idad. 1527 Sphaerodactylus venezuelanus Roux, Verb. Naturf. Ges. Basel, 38- 254. Estado Falcon, Venezuela.
Type-locality:
Port of
Type-locality:
El Mene,
i
Distribution:
Northern Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Trinidad and Tobago.
SPHAERODACTYLUS PACIFICUS Stejneger 1503 Sphaerodactylus pacificas Stejneger, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 16; Island, west coast of Costa Rica.
Distribution:
Cocos
Island,
J.
Type-locality:
Cocos
264.
Type-locality:
Helene
on Pacific Coast of Costa Rica.
SPHAERODACTYLUS ROSAURAE Parker 1940 Sphaerodactylus rosaurae Parker, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (l/) Island, Bay Islands, Honduras.
Distribution:
5*
Known only from the type locality.
SPHAERODACTYLUS SCAPULARIS Boulenger 1902 Sphaerodactylus scapularis Boulenqer. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (7) Javier, Esmeraldas Province, Ecuador.
Distribution:
Northwestern Ecuador and Colombia.
9=
5*-
Type-locality:
San
254
^
REPTILIA: SAURIA:
***
IGUANIDAE
STENOCERCUS
California Prepared by Richard Etheridge, San Diego State College, San Diego,
STENOCERCUS Duméril and Bibron Type-species: Stenocercus rose! -ventr is 1837 Stenocercus Dumgril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., 4; 3*5. Duméril and Bibron. Trachycyclus marmoratus Type-species: 1837 TrachYCvclus Duméril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., 4: 355. Duméril and Bibron. Type-species: Stenocercus 1843 Steironotus ( Stenocercus ) Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: 7I. rose -ventr is Duméril and Bibron. Trachycyclus Type-species: 7I. Reptilium: Systema Fitzinger, ) 1843 Heterotropi s ( Trachycyclus marmoratus Duméril and Bibron. crass icaudatum Scelotrema Type-species: 1845 Scelotrema Tschudi, Arch, fur Naturg., 11 (l): 154i
18Sq Microohractus Gunther. Proc. Zool. Soc. London, I859: 90. Günther.
Distribution: Content:
Type-species:
Mi
crophractus humeralis
Andean South America.
Fourteen species.
Clave de especies
Key to the species^ 1.
Caudal scales not much larger than ventral scales of body, their mucrons not forming stout, projecting spines; each autotomy segment of tail with three rows of scales (except 2 cupreus with two) Caudal scales much larger than ventral scales of body, their mucrons forming stout, projecting spines; each autotomy segment of tail 10 with two rows of scales
1.
Escamas caudales no mayores que las ventrales del cuerpo; sus mucrones no forman gruesas^ espinas proyectadas; cada segmento autotomico de la cola tiene tres filas de escamas 2 (excepto cupreus con dos) Escamas caudales mayores que las ventrales del cuerpo, sus mucrones forman gruesas espinas proyectadas; cada segmento autotómico de la 10 cola tiene dos filas de escamas
2.
Vertebral scale row absent, or, if present, scales identical to adjacent scales 3 Vertebral scale row present, scales distinctly larger than adjacent scales, at least on neck ] and anterior part of body
2.
Fila vertebral de escamas ausente, o si está presente las escamas son idénticas a las de las filas adyacentes 3 Fila vertebral de escamas presente, escamas por adyacentes, las distintamente mayores que lo menos en la nuca y anteriormente en el
3.
Escamas laterales de la nuca no mas pequei^as que las dorso nucales (excepto por el bolsillo 4 granular), e imbricadas Escamas laterales de la nuca abruptamente imbriapenas nucales dorso las menores que 6 cadas o granulares
4.
Cola por lo menos el doble que la longitud de la cabeza y el cuerpo; con bolsUlo dérmico postfemoral; escamas de la región anal no negras 5 Cola no más que el doble de la longitud de la cabeza y el cuerpo; con bolsillo dérmico postfemoral; escamas de la región anal, en machos melanopyqus adultos, negras
5'
^°^^ larga, 2.8 a 3.O veces el largo de la cabeza y el cuerpo; 3^-39 filas de escamas en moestus el medio del cuerpo Cola corta, 2.0 a 2.4 veces el largo de la en escamas cabeza y el cuerpo; 37~62 filas de ornat ss imus el medio cuerpo
cuerpo 3.
Lateral neck scales not much smaller than dorsal neck scales (except for granular pocket), and imbricate Lateral neck scales abruptly smaller than dorsal neck scales, barely imbricate or granular
4
6
4.
Tail at least twice length of head and body; no postfemoral dermal pocket present; anal region of males not black 5 Tail not more than twice length of head and body; postfemoral dermal pocket present; anal melanopyqus region of adult male black
5.
Tail longer, 2.8 to 3-0 times head and body length; midbody scales 30-39 moestus Tail shorter, 2.0 to 2.4 times longer than head and body; midbody scales 37"62 orna t ss mus i
i
7
i
'Vertebral and paravertebral scales counted from occiput to anterior margin of thigh when hind leg is at right angles to body; midbody scales around the body at point half way between limb insertions.
lEscamas vertebrales y paravertebrales contadas desde el occipucio al margen anterior del muslo, con el miembro posterior en ángulo recto con el cuerpo; las escamas alrededor del cuerpo, son contadas en el punto medio entre las dos inserciones de los pares de miembros.
255
STENOCERCUS
6.
Scales of body and tail more sharply keeled; autotomy segments of tall distinct with two scale rows per segment; antehumeral folds more closely approximate m dventrally, separated by cupreus about six pectoral scales Scales of body and tail less sharply keeled, less strongly mucronate; autotomy segments of tail barely apparent, with three rows per segment; antehumeral folds widely separated by chrysopyous about ten pectoral scales
6.
i
/•
8.
More than 7^ scales around middle of body Fewer than 7O scales around middle of body var iab
Fewer than II5 paravertebral scales More than II5 paravertebral scales
Escamas del cuerpo y cola más fuertemente quilladas; segmentos autotómicos de la cola distintos con dos filas de escamas por segmento; pliegues antehumerales cercanos aproximadamente en el mediov ¡entre, separados por cupreus alrededor de seis escamas pectorales Escamas del cuerpo y la cola menos quilladas y mucronadas menos fuertemente; segmentos autotómicos de la cola poco aparentes con tres filas por segmento, pliegues antehumerales anchamente separados por diez escamas pectochrysopygus rales
8 1. i
1
5
Más de 7" escamas alrededor del cuerpo 7'^ escamas alrededor del cuerpo
8
>/ar
iabi 1 is
Menos de
s
i
8.
humeralis
Menos de 115 escamas paravertebrales Más de II5 escamas paravertebrales
5-
10. Lateral
nuchal scales elongate and distinctly 2 imbricate Lateral nuchal scales granular or subimbricate 11 and convex
10. Escamas
11. Ventral scales smooth; scales on posterior 12 surface of thighs granular or nearly so Ventral body scales weakly keeled, at least on throat and chest; scales on posterior surface
11. Escamas ventrales
i
i
of thigh small but distinctly
imbricate rose ventr i
is
Escamas al medio cuerpo 7'*-88; escamas paravar ius vertebrales 73"52 Escamas al medio cuerpo 80-101; escamas paraboettqer vertebrales 5^-110
Midbody scales 74-88; paravertebral scales 73var ius 52 Midbody scales 80-101; paravertebral scales 5Oboettqer 110
5.
5
humeral
nucales laterales, alargadas y distin2 tamente imbr! cadas Escamas nucales laterales, granulares o sub11 imbricadas y convexas lisas; escamas de superficie posterior del muslo granulares o casi granu12 lares Escamas ventrales del cuerpo débilmente quilladas, por lo menos en la garganta y mejilla; escamas de superficie posterior del muslo pequeñas pero distintamente imbricadas rose ventr is
is
i
12. More than 60 scales around middle of body;
postfemoral dermal pocket usually present 13 Fewer than 60 scales around body; no postmarmoratus femoral dermal pocket
13>Lateral scales on posterior part of body larger, subimbricate; fewer than IO5 scales around 14 midbody All scales on sides of body very small and granular; more than IO5 scales around midbodycrassi eaudatus
12. Más
de 60 escamas alrededor del medio cuerpo;
bolsillo dérmico postfemoral usualmente presente 13 Menos de 60 escamas alrededor del medio cuerpo; marmoratus sin bolsillo postfemoral dérmico
13.Escamas laterales de la parte posterior del cuerpo grandes, sub mbr icadas; menos de IO5 14 escamas alrededor del medio cuerpo Todas las escamas de los lados del cuerpo muy pequeñas y granulares; más de IO5 escamas crass eaudatus alrededor del medio cuerpo i
i
mons Caudal whorls alternating large and small. carr ioni latter I/3 to 2/3 length of formei
14. Caudal whorls subequal
s
i
i
i
14.
s imons Anillos de espinas subiguales Anillos de espinas alternas de grandes y pequeñas, los iíltimos I/3 a 2/3 el tamaño de carr on los pr meros i
i
i
STENOCERCUS BOETTGERI Boulenger humeral s group i
Huancabamba, Type-locality: 1911 Stenocercus boettqeri Boulenger, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (s) ']: 22. Peru. Huasqui, Type-locality: 1541 Stenocercus iuninensis Shreve, Proc. New England Zool. Club, 18: 75near Tarma, Oepartmento de Junin, Peru. Distribution:
Highlands of southern Ecuador and northern and central Peru.
i
i
256
STENOCERCUS
STEMOCERCUS CARRION Parker crass caudatus group I
i
1934 Stenocercus carrioni Parker, Ann. 3250 ft.
Distribution:
Mag.
Nat.
Hist.,
(lO)
14:
268.
Zamora, Ecuador,
Type-locality:
Southern highlands of Ecuador.
STENOCERCUS CHRYSOPYGUS Boulenger chrvsop yqus group 1500 Stenocercus chrysopyqus Boulenger, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (7) 6: ft, Huaras, 10,000 ft, and Recuay, 11,000 ft, Peru.
Distribution:
Cordillera Blanca of western Peru to about 3^00
Type-locality:
I83.
Carao, 8000
<"•
STENOCERCUS CRASS ICAUDATUS (ischudi) crass icauda tus group Peru; furType-locality: 1845 Sc. [elotrema] crass icaudatum Tschudi, Arch, fur Naturg., 11 (l): 155. ther specified by Tschudi, Fauna Peruana, Rept., 1846, 28, as Urubamba, Peru. Type-locality: 1885 Stenocercus torquatus Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: I33, pi. 8, fig. 1. Peru. 1900 Urocentrum meyeri Werner, Abh. Ber. K. Zool. An thro.-Ethn. Mus. Dresden, 9' ''• Lima, Peru. 1907 Stenocercus crass icaudatus Roux, Rev. Suisse Zool., I5: 299Type-locality: 1913 Stenocercus ervinqi Ste ¡neqer, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 45: 545. 5000 ft.
Type-locality:
—
Distribution:
Amazonian side of Andes
in
central and southern Peru to about 2000
Huadquinia, Peru,
m.
STENOCERCUS CUPREUS Boulenger chrysopyqus group 1885 Stenocercus cupreus Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., Huánuco, Peru.
Distribution:
Known only from state of Huanuco,
in
2:
135> pl- 9> ^'9'
!•
Type-locality:
central Peru.
STENOCERCUS HUMERAL IS (Cünther) humeral is group I859 Microphractus humeral western Ecuador. 188S Stenocercus humeral s i
Distribution:
i
s
Giinther,
— Boulenger.
Proc. Cat.
Zool. Soc. Liz.
London, 1859' 9"'
Brit. Mus.,
2:
I34,
pi.
Type-locality: 8,
fig.
Andes of
2.
Inter-Andean plateau of Ecuador, from valley of Cuenca south.
STENOCERCUS MARMORATUS (Oumlril and Bibron) crass icaudatus group I837 Trachvcyclus marmoratus Dumeril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., 4: 356Type-locality: Rio-Grande, Brazil; according to Guibé, Cat. Types Lezards Paris Mus., 1954, 5O. 1885 Stenocercus marmoratus Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: I32. 1910 Stenocercus difficilis Werner. Mitt. Naturhist. Mus. Hamburg, 27 (2): 23. Type-locality: Cochabamba, Bolivia.
—
Distribution:
Andes of central Bolivia to about 35^0
m.
257
STENOCERCUS
STENOCERCUS MELANOPYGUS Boulenger chrysopyqus group iqOO Stenocercus melanopyqus Boulenger. Ann. Cajamarca, Peru, 9OOO ft.
Estado de Cajamarca
Distribution:
in
Mag.
Nat.
Hist., (7) 6:
182.
Type-locality:
Baños,
northern Peru.
STENOCERCUS MOESTUS Boulenger chrysopyqus group 188S Stenocercus moestus Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.,
2:
I36,
pi.
5,
fig.
Type-locality:
2.
Lima,
Peru.
Valley of Rio Rimac, from Callao on coast to Chosica at 25OO ft, western central Peru.
Distribution;
STENOCERCUS ORNATISSIMUS (Oirard), new combination chrysopygus group 1857 Saccodeira ornatissima Girard, Obrajillo, and Yanga, Peru.
Distribution:
Proc.
Acad.
Nat. Sci.
Phila., I857:
I58.
Type-locality:
Pacific slopes of Andes and adjacent coastal lowlands of Peru.
STENOCERCUS ROSEIVENTRIS Dumlril and Bibron crass icaudatus group I837 Stenocercus rose -ventr is Duméril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., 4: 350Type-locality: Bolivia. 1913 Stenocercus atrigularis Werner. Mitt. Naturhist. Mus. Hamburg, 3^ (2): 11. Type-locality: Provincia Ben , Bolivia (southern drainage of Amazon). i
i
Distribution: Eastern slopes of Andes and adjacent lowlands of Peru, Bolivia; northern Argentina south to Estado de Salta; Aeré, Brazil.
STENOCERCUS SIMONS Boulenger crass icaudatus group I
I855 Stenocercus 6500 ft.
Distribution:
I
S imons
i
i
Boulenger, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (7)
4:
454.
Type-locality:
Oña,
Ecuador,
Highlands of Ecuador.
STENOCERCUS VARIABILIS Boulenger humeral is group 1901 Stenocercus variabilis Boulenger, Ann. Bolivia, 10,000 ft.
Distribution:
Mag.
Nat.
Hist., (7)
7:
546.
Type-locality:
Palca,
uncertain, highlands of northwestern Bolivia and possibly southern and central Peru.
STENOCERCUS VARI US Boulenger humeral is group 1885 Stenocercus varius Boulenger. Cat. Liz. Unknown.
Distribution:
Brit.
Mus.,
2:
I34,
pi.
8,
fig.
3.
Type-locality:
Known only from Chiriboga, Ecuador, at 5OOO ft on western slopes.
258
REPTILIA:
SAURlA:
TEIIDAE
-^
STENOLEPIS
tAt
STENOLEPIS Boulenger I887 Stenolep is Boulenger, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, I887: 640. Boulenger.
Type-species: Stenolep
is
r
i
dley
i
Distribution: As for only known species. Content:
One species.
STENOLEPIS RIDLEY
I
Boulenger
I887 Stenolep s r idley Boulenger, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, Iguarassu forest, Pernambuco, Brazil. i
i
Distribution! Known only from type locality.
188/!
640, figs. a-d.
Type-locality!
259
REPTILIA:
SAURIA:
**
IGUANIDAE
"At
*
STROBILURUS
STROBILURUS Wiegmann IS'jA
Strobilurus Wieamann. Herpetologia Mexicana: 18.
Distribution:
Type-species:
Strobllurus torqua-tus Wiegmann.
As for single known species.
Content: One species, according to most recent revision by Etheridge, Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) Zool., 17; 1568, 60-62.
STROBILURUS TORQUATUS Wiegmann 1854 Strobilurus torquatus Wiegmann, Herpetologia Mexicana: 18. Type-locality: Brazil. 1855 Dorvphorus sp nosus Guictienot, Reptiles, in Castelnau, Animaux Nouveaux. . .de I'Amlrique du Sud: Type-locality: Bahia, Brasil. 27, pi. 7» tig» 1» la. i
1968 Strobilurus torquatus
— Ether
Distribution: Eastern Brazil.
i
dge.
Bull.
Brit. Mus.
(Nat.
Hist.) Zool., I7: 61.
260
**•
REPTILIA: SAURIA: TEIIDAE
TEIUS
TEIUS Merrem Teius viridis Merrem. Type-species: 1820 Te us Merrem, Tentamen Systemaiis Amph ibiorum: 60. Type-species: Lacerta Tevou Daudin. 1826 Te jus Fitzinger, Heue Classification der Reptilian: 21. Type-species: Lacerta Teyou Daudin. I83O Acrantus Wagler, Nat. Syst. Amphib.; 154. j
As for single known species.
Distribution: Content;
One species.
TEIUS TEYOU (Daudin)
Type-locality: 1802 Lacerta Teyou Daudin, Hist. Nat. Rept., 3: I55. Teius teyou' Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 375.
—
188*5
Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay
Distribution: Content;
and Uruguay to Provincia Río Negro, Argentina.
Two subspecies.
Key to the subspecies 1.
Paraguay.
Clave de subespecies - cyanoqaster
Belly blue Belly not blue'
tevou
1.
Vientre azulVientre no azul
Cvanoqaster tevou
teyou (Daudin)
Te jus teyou
Type-locality; 1820 Teius viridis Merrem, Tentamen Systematis Amph b orum: 60. I823 Am.[ e va j Te iu Lichtenstein (emendation of teyou Daudin), Verzeichniss der Zoologischen Museums, Berlin; 51' 1847 Ame va coelest s Bibron, in D'Orbigny, Voyage dans I'Amerique meridionale. 5, figs. 1-5. 1528 Teius teyou teyou Miiller. Zool. Anz., 77: 69. 1560 Teius teyou tevou Hellmich, Abh. Bayerische Akad. Wiss., Ma th. -Naturw iss. i
!
i
i
i
— —
101;
South America. Doubletten des
Reptiles:
Eastern Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay to southern Brazil.
Te ius teyou cyanogaster Müller
1928 Te ius teyou cyanogaster Müller, Zool. Anz., 77' Ch qu tos. Bol v ia. i960 Te ius teyou cyanogaster Hellmich, Abh. new ser., 101: 75, pi. 2, figs. 5-6. i
i
Type-locality: San José de
i
—
pi,
Kl., new ser.,
79.
Distribution:
2,
Bayerische Akad. Wiss., Math. -Naturw iss. Kl.,
Distribution: Southeastern Bolivia and adjacent Brazil, northwestern Argentina and northern part of Paraguay.
261
repulía: SAURIA: GEKKONIDAE
**
tAt
THECADACTYLUS
THECADACTYLUS Oken Type-species: Gecko laevis 1820 Thecadactylus Goldfuss, Handbuch der Zoologie, 2: 157» Daud n. I83O Thecodactylus Wagler (emendation of Thecadactylus Goldfuss), Nat. Syst. Amphib.: 142. i
Distribution: Content:
Mexico; Central and Soutli America, West
Indies.
One species.
THECADACTYLUS RAPICAUDUS (Houttuyn) Type1782 Gekko Rapicauda Houttuyn, Verb. Zeeuw. Genootsch. Wet. Vlissingen, 5= 3^3» Pl'> ^'9' !• locality: West Indies; restricted to Chichen Itza, Yucatán, Mexico, by Smith and Taylor, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus.., 159, 1950, 49. 1793 Stell o perf ol iatus Schneider (substitute name for Gekko rap icauda Houttuyn), Amphibiorum Physiologiae, 2: 26. 1802 Gecko laevis Daudin, Hist. Nat. Rept., 4: 112. Type-locality: South America. 1802 Gecko sur namens is Daudin, Hist. Nat. Rept., 4: 126. Type-locality: Surinam. I836 Platydactylus Theconyx Dumeril and Bibron (substitute name for Gekko rap icauda Houttuyn I782), Erp. Gin., 3: 3O6, pi. 33, figs. 2-2a. Gray, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: 146. 184 5 Thecadactylus rap icaudus ?18'56 Pachydactylus tristis Hallowell. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc . Phila., 1854: 98. Type-locality: Liberia, west coast of Africa. i
i
—
i
Distribution: Lesser Antilles, Mexico, Central America, northwestern South America, to Guianas and Trinidad. Known from lowlands on both sides of the Andes in Ecuador.
262
***
repulía: SAURIA: TEIIDAE
TRETIOSCINCUS
TRETIOSCINCUS Cope 1862 Tret ose ncus Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Se!. Phila., 1862; 184. castan icterus Cope. 1516 Cali se neopus Ruthven, Oce. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 22: aq 1 s Ruthven. i
i
i
i
i
Type-spec Íes: 1.
Call se ncopus i
i
i
Northern South America; Colombia to Amazonian Brazil Distribution: offshore islands along northern coast. Content:
including Venezuela and Guianas;
Two species.
Key to the species 1.
Tret iose ineus
Type-species:
Clave de especies
Dorsal scales keeled Dorsal scales smooth
b
i
fase iatus aq 1 s i
1.
i
Escamas dorsales carenadas Escamas dorsales lisas
b
i
fase iatus aq 1 is i
TRETIOSCINCUS AGILIS (Ruthven) Sand Type-locality: 1516 Cali se neopus aq 1 s Ruthven, Oce. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 22: 2. ridges on Demerara River near Dunoon, Guyana. Type-locality: Bosque Municipal, I5I8 Tret ose ncus román Andersson, Ark. for Zool., 11 (16): 5Manáus, Amazonas, Brazil. Type-loeal ty Lower Rio Toeantins, 1523 Tret iosc incus bras 1 iens is Müller, Zool. Anz., 57= ^9Para, Brazil. Vanzolini and Reboujas-Sp eker, Pap. Avul. Depto. Zool. Sao Paulo, 22 (iS): 1565 Tret iosc ncus aqilis i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
—
i
:
i
124, figs.
Distribution:
Guyana, Amazonian Brazil.
TRETIOSCINCUS BIFASCIATüS (Ouméril) Type-locality: 18S1 Heteropus Bifasciatus Dumeril. Cat. Mlth. Coll. Rept. Mus. Paris: 182. Magdalena valley, Colombia. 1864 Tretioseincus b fase iatus Cope. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1864: 22?.
—
i
Distribution:
Northern South America, Dutch Leeward
Islands and Margarita
Key to the subspecies 1.
1.
i
i
b if ase
iatus
b
Cintas laterales claras eon un borde negro di st nto kuqler Cintas laterales clara sin borde negro d st nto b fase iatus i
i
i
i
Island, Venezuela.
Clave de subespecies
Light lateral stripes with distinct black border kuqler Light lateral stripes lack distinct black bordei b fase iatus
Tret ose ncus
Río
i
i
i
fase iatus (Duméril)
1862 Tret iosc ncus castan cterus Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1862: 184. Typelocality: Colombi Tret iose ncus fase b atus bifasciatus ]— Comp. Shreve. Bull. Mus. Zool., 5?: 527. 1947 [ i
i
Distribution:
Tret ose ncus i
i
i
Caribbean Colombia.
b if ase
iatus kuqler
i
Shreve
1947 Tretioseincus bifasciatus kuoleri Shreve. Bull. Pauj', Acosta, Estado Falcon, Venezuela.
Distribution;
Northern Venezuela,
including
Isla
Mus.
Comp.
Zool., 99=
527-
Margarita; Dutch Leeward
Type-loeal
Islands.
it y:
263
REPTILIA: SAURIA:
^^
IGUANIDAE
TROPIDODACTYLUS
TROPIDODACTYLUS Boulenger 188S Trop dodactyXus Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 'Shaughnessy. I
Distribution; Content:
2:
57-
Type-species;
Norops onca
As for single known species.
One species.
TROPIDODACTYLUS ONCA (O 'Shaughnessy) Type-locality: Norops onca O'Shauqhnessy. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (4) IJ; 280. Island of Dominica. Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2; 57» Pl* 6> f'9' 2. 1885 Tropidodactylus onca
187*5
—
Distribution;
Northern Venezuela, Margarita Island.
Venezuela, and
264
* •
REPULÍA: SAURIA: IGUANIDAE
TROPIDURUS
Prepared by Richard Etheridge, San Diego State College, San Diego, California
TROPIDURUS Wied Stellio torquatus Wied. Type-species: 1824 Tropidurus Wied, Abb. Nat. Brasil: 6. Aqama sem taen iata Spix. Type-spec Íes: I83I Platynotus Waqler, Nat. Syst. Amphib.: 146. Duméril Microlophus Lessoni Type-spec es: I837 Microlophus Ouméril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., 4: 334. and Bibron. Tropidurus microlophus Wleqmann. Type-spec es: 184^ Steírolepis Fitzinqer. Systema Reptilium: 72. None designated. Type-species: 184S Taraquira Gray. Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: 219. Agassiz (replacement name for Steirolepis Fitzinger), Nomenclátor s Zoologici Index 1847 St irolepis Universalis: 353. Tropidurus ( Cran iopelt is ) Type-species: I87I Craniopeltis Peters, Monats. Akad. Wiss. Berlin: 645. i
i
i
i
!
bivittata Peters. Tropidurus ( Laemopr stus Type-species: I87I Laemopr istus Peters, Monats. Akad. Wiss. Berlin: 645. occ p tal s Peters. Type-species: Aneuporus occ ipi tal is Bocourt. I874 Aneuporus Bocourt, Miss. Sc . Mex., Rept.: 215Tapinurus scut punctatus Amaral. Type-species: 1533 Tap ¡nurus Amaral, Mem. Inst. Butantan, 7= 65. i
i
i
)
i
i
i
The Galápagos Distribution: and southern Argentina.
Content:
Islands and South America except for western Colombia, southern Chile
About 20 species, all but twelve of which are extral
Key to the
i
tal,
on the Galápagos.
Clave de especies-'-
species-"-
longitudinal, vertebral 2 scale row Scales along middle of back form longitudinal row, which may or may not form denticulate crest, and which may or may not be continuous from occiput to tail 5
1.
Ausencia de hilera de escamas vertebral, longi2 tudinal, media Escamas a lo largo de la mitad del dorso forman una hilera longitudinal, que puede o no formar una cresta denticulada, y que puede o no ser continua del occipucio a la cola 5
isolated groups of spinose scales on sides of neck 3 Isolated groups of enlarged, spinose scales on sides of neck boqert
2.
Ausencia de grupos aislados de escamas espinosas a los lados del cuello 3 Grupos aislados de escamas espinosas, ensanchabogert das a los lados del cuello
Fewer than 3" midbody scales More than ^0 scales around middle of body
3.
1.
No trace of median,
2.
No
i
i
3.
im
4
Menos de JO escamas alrededor del medio cuerpo-
10
4
Más de 9^ escamas alrededor del medio cuerpo-lO 4.
Supraoculars band-like; ventrals equal to or larger than dorsals; maximum adult size 7" """" hyqom Supraoculars not band-like; ventrals smaller than dorsals; maximum adult size at least 100
4.
mm 5»
h
i
sp dus
i
i
No spinose scales on side of neck 6 Patches or groups of spinose scales on neck sp nulosus
5.
Dorsal scales of body small, smooth or faintly keeled; more than II5 midbody scales ] Dorsal scales of body large, strongly keeled and imbricate; fewer than II5 midbody scales occ ip tal is
6.
i
—
Sin escamas espinosas a los lados del cuello Con grupos de escamas espinosas y ensanchadas a sp nulosus los lados del cuello i
i
6.
Supraoculares acintados; ventrales iguales o más grandes que los dorsales; tamaño máximo hyqom del adulto ]0 mm Supraoculares no acintados; ventrales menores que los dorsales; tamaño máximo del adulto por h sp idus lo menos 100 mm i
i
Escamas dorsales del cuerpo chicas, lisas o ligeramente guilladas; más de 11$ escamas del med o cuerpo 7 Escamas dorsales del cuerpo grandes, fuertemente guilladas e imbricadas; menos de 115 occ ip tal s escamas del medio cuerpo i
i
Vertebral and paravertebral scales are counted from occiput to pointeven with anterior margin of thigh when hind leg is at right angles to body; midbody scales are counted around body half way between limb insertions. Two species are omitted from the key theres ioides and tarapacens is
I-Note:
.
i
^Nota: Las escamas vertebrales y para vertebrales se cuentan desde el occipucio hasta un punto parejo con el borde anterior del muslo cuando la pata posterior forma un ángulo recto con el cuei— po; las escamas del medio cuerpo se cuentan alrededor del cuerpo a mitad de camino entre las inserciones de los miembros. En la clave se omiten dos especies theres o ides and tarapacens s .
—
i
i
265
TROPIDURUS
7.
Lateral body scales very small, almost granular, 8 grading abruptly into much larger ventrals Lateral body scales small but imbricate, grading gradually into somewhat larger ventrals melanopleurus
7»
Escamas de los lados del cuerpo muy chicas, casi granulares, pasando abruptamente a esca8 mas ventrales mucho más grandes Escamas laterales del cuerpo chicas pero imbricadas, pasando gradualmente a ventrales algo más grandes melanopleurus
8.
Vertebral scale row conspicuous, uninterrupted from occiput to tail, forming a low, denticulate crest on neck, at least in adults; paravertebral scales fewer than I5O 5 Vertebral scale row inconspicuous, interrupted over shoulders, not at all arched or keeled on body; scales adjacent to vertebral row more theres iae than 170
8.
Hilera vertebral de escamas conspicua, ininterrumpida desde el occipucio a la cola, formando una cresta baja, denticulada, al menos en adultos; menos de I5O escamas paraverteb rales 5 Hilera vertebral de escamas inconspícua, interrumpida sobre los hombros, escamas del cuerpo no qui liadas o arqueadas; más de I70 escamas adyacentes a la hilera vertebral theres iae
9.
Frontal scales paired between orbits; interpai ietal width not greater than 1 1/2 times its length; fourth toe of adpressed hind limb peruv ianus reaches to front of eye Frontal scales single, median between orbits; interparietal scale about wice as wide as long; fourth toe of adpressed hind limb reaches to tympanum thorac icus
9.
Escamas frontales pares entre las órbitas; ancho del interparietal no mayor que 1 1/2 veces su longitud; cuarto dedo de la extremidad posterior hacia adelante llega hasta el frente del ojo peruvianus Escamas frontales de a una, en el medio entre las órbitas; escama interparietal aproximadamente dos veces tan ancha como larga; cuarto dedo de la extremidad posterior extendida hacia adelante llega hasta el tímpano thorac icus
sem taen iatus torquatus
10. Dorsal scales smooth
i
Dorsal scales keeled
10. Escamas dorsales lisas
Escamas dorsales guilladas
sem taen iatus torquatus i
TROPIDURUS BOGERTI Roze 1958 Tropi durus boqert Roze, Acta Biol. Venezuelica, Estado Bolívar, Venezuela. i
Distribution:
2:
247,
figs.
1-4.
Type-locality:
Auyantepui,
Known only from type locality.
TROPIDURUS HISPIDUS (Spix) Type-locality: Rio de Janeiro and I825 Aqama hispida Spix, Sp. Nov. Lac. Bras.: 12, pi. I5, fig. 2. Bahia, Brazil. Interior of Type-locality: 1825 Aqama n qrocollar s Spix, Sp. Nov. Lac. Bras.: I3, pi. 16, fig. 2. Bahia, Brazil. Type-locality: Bahia, Brazil. I825 Aqama cyclurus Spix, Sp. Nov. Lac. Bras.: 14, pi. I7, fig. 1. Type-locality: Pernambuco, Brazil. Gray. Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: 221. 1845 Taraquira Smith! Type-locality: Bahia, 1859 Proctotretus Toelsneri Berthold, Nach. Ges. Wiss. Gottingen, I7: I79. Brazil. Bahia, Type-locality: London, Proc. Zool. Soc. I86I: I6. I86I Trachycyclus supere 1 iar s Gijnther, Brazil. macrolep s Reinhardt and Lütken, Vidensk. Medd. Naturhist. Foren. Kjobenhavn, I86I: I86I T.r rop durus j Cotinquiba and Maruim, Estado de Sergipe, Brazil. Type-locality: 227, pi. 5> fig. 8. 1885 Tropidurus h sp dus Boulenqer. Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2; I77. i
i
I
i
i
i
Distribution:
i
i
i
—
Venezuela, Guianas, Brazil, Uruguay, Paraguay, and Bolivia.
TROPIDURUS HYGOMI Reinhardt and LTitken I86I Tropidurus hygomi Reinhardt and Lütken, Vidensk. Medd. Naturhist. Foren. Kjobenhavn, 1861: Cotinquiba and Maruim, Estado de Sergipe, Brazil. Type-locality: pi. 5> fig. 9»
Distribution:
Estado de Sergipe near coast, eastern Brazil.
228,
266
TROPIDURUS
TROPIDURUS MELANOPLEURUS Boulenger Type-locality: 1502 Tropidurus melanopleurus Boulenger, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (7) 10: 355. Tamampoya, Bolivia, 1200 m. Rio Type-locality: 1524 Tropidurus praeornatus Müller. Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 11 (1523): 83. Pilcomayo, between Tarija and San Francisco, Bolivia. Rfo Pilcomayo, Type-locality: 1524 Tropidurus pictus Miller, Mitt. Zool. Mus, Berlin, 11 (1523): 86. between Tarija and San Francisco, Bolivia. Eastern foothills of Andes,
Distribution:
southern Peru and Bolivia.
in
TROPIDURUS OCCIPITALIS Peters I87I Tropidurus ( Laemopristus ) occipital Peru. locality:
is
Peters, Monats. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, I87I; 64$.
Coastal areas and western foothills of Andes Distribution: central Peru. Content:
southwestern Ecuador and northern
Three subspecies.
Clave de subespecies
Key to the subspecies 1.
in
Type-
Vertebral scales at least 35; paravertebral séales at least 5O; midbody scales at least 60; throat of adult male with brown markings; dorsal neck and anterior body 2 with narrow brown transverse marks Vertebral scales not more than 40, paramidbody than not more scales vertebral 55; scales not more than 65; male throat gray with light bluish spots; dorsal neck and' anterior body with wide dark brown transoccip tal s verse spots i
1.
i
Escamas vertebrales por lo menos 35) escamas paravertebrales por lo menos 'jO; escamas del medio cuerpo por lo menos 60; garganta del macho adulto con marcas pardas; parte dorsal del cuello y cuerpo anterior con marcas transversales pardas angostas-2 Escamas vertebrales no mas de 40, escamas paravertebrales no más de 55; escamas del medio cuerpo no más de 65; garganta del macho gris con manchas azuladas claras; parte dorsal del cuello y cuerpo anterior con manchas transversales pardas oscuras occ ip tal s anchas i
2.
Fewer than 80 paravertebral scales; fewer than 80 midbody scales; adult male throat koepkeorum with bold, dark brown spots More than 80 paravertebral scales; more than 80 midbody scales; adult male throat with light brown spots and dark brown stolzmann transverse guiar band i
2.
i
Menos de 80 escamas paravertebrales; menos de 80 escamas del medio cuerpo; garganta del macho adulto con manchas pardas oscukoepkeorum ras conspicuas Más de 80 escamas paravertebrales; mas de 80 escamas del medio cuerpo; garganta del macho adulto con manchas pardas claras y una banda guiar transversal parda oscura stolzmann
— i
Trop duros occ i
i
p
i
tal
i
occ
s
ip
i
tal
i
s
Peters
I874 Aneuporus occ p tal is Bocourt (preoccupied by Trop durus occ pi tal s Peters, I871), Miss. Type-locality: Peru. Sci. Max., Rept.: 215, Pl- 18, fig. 1, la-b. Boulenger (replacement name for Aneuporus occ ip tal is Bocourt, 1874), I885 Trop idurus bocourt Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: I73. Peru. Type-locality: Roux, Rev. Suisse Zool., I5: 256. 1507 Trop durus tschudi Type-locality: 1924 Tropidurus cont nental s MüUer. Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 11 (1523): 82. Machalilla, Ecuador. 1956 Tropidurus occipitalis occipitalis Mertens, Senckenberg iana Biol., 37' 115j pl- 1^» fig» 26-28} pi. 17, fig. 31. i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
—
Distribution: Peru.
Coastal areas of southwestern Ecuador and northwestern and western central
am
267
TROPIDURUS
koepkeorum Mertens 1956 Trop idurus occ pi tal s koepkeorum Mertens, Senckenberg iana Biol., 37' H?» P^' 1^, figs. 27-3O; pi. 17, fig. 32. Type-locality: Pariakoto, Departamento Ancash, Peru, 1600 m. i
Distribution:
Trop durus occ i
i
p
i
i
Olmos to Pariakoto, nortliwestern Peru.
tal s stolzmann i
I85I Trop durus Stolzmann Chota, Peru. 1956 Trop idurus occ ip tal 33-34. i
i
Distribution:
i
is
i
Steindachner
Steindachner, Ann. Naturiiist. Mus. Wien, 6: stolzmann
i
— Mertens,
'}](>,
Type-locality:
Senckenberg iana Biol., 37- 119> pl' 17> figs.
Northwestern Peru and possibly southwestern Ecuador.
TROPIDURUS PERUVIANOS (Lesson) 1826 Stellio peruvianus Lesson, in Duperrey, Voy. "Coquille", Reptiles, I83O: 40. Type-locality: Callao and Payta, Peru. I885 Trop durus peruv ianus Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: I74.
Distribution: Content:
2.
pi.
2,
fig.
2 (l)
2;
South America west of Andes from southern Ecuador to northern Chile.
Nine subspecies.
Key to the subspecies 1.
$:
—
i
Snout rounded Snout acutely pointed
Clave de subespecies 2 a
tacamens
With irregular dorsal spotting With four black bands dorsally quadr
i
s
3
i
vi
ttatus
Hocico de extremo redondeado Hocico de extremo aguzado
2
atacamens
Con manchas dorsales irregulares Con cuatro bandas negras dorsales quadr
is
3
i
v
i
ttatus
3.
4 Adpressed hind limb reaches beyond ear Adpressed hind limb reaches shouldei araucanus
Extremidad posterior hacia delante sobre4 pasa el oído Extremidad posterior hacia delante alcanza araucanus el hombro
4.
Guiar and pectoral regions lack transverse 5 str pes Guiar and pectoral regions with transverse 7 str pes
Región guiar versales Región guiar versales
Pectoral region not black; body not 6 melan ist ic Pectoral region black; body melanistic sal in icola
Reglón pectoral no negra; cuerpo no melán ico Región pectoral negra; cuerpo melánico
6.
With low dorsal crest Lacking dorsal crest
Con cresta dorsal bajaSin cresta dorsal
7.
8 Guiar stripes continuous Guiar stripes formed by row of small, light is 1 qr bordered spots
8 Cintas guiares continuas Cintas guiares formadas por hileras de pequeñas manchas bordeadas de claro- t gris
Guiar stripes bordered by small, multicolored spots; lacking spot in groin mami nens is Guiar stripes not bordered by multicolored peruv ianus spots; with spot In groin
Cintas guiares bordeadas por manchitas multicolores; sin mancha inguinal mam nens s Cintas guiares no bordeadas por manchitas multicolores; con mancha inguinal peruv ianus
i
i
5.
heterolep s mar ianus i
i
8.
y
pectoral sin cintas trans-
y
pectoral con cintas trans-
5 7
sal -
In
6
Icola
heterolep is mar ianus
i
i
i
268
TROPIDURUS
Trop durus peruv ianus peruv ianus (Lesson) i
I835 Trop durus m icrolophus Wiegmann, Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop. -Carol. , 17: 223, pi. I6. Peru. Type-locality: Type-locality: Lima, 18^6 Microlophus Lessonii Duméril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., 4: 336. Callao, and Cobija, Peru. Coastal Type-locality: Naturg., 11: 1551845 St.f e irolepis ] xanthost iqma Tschudi, Arch, fur i
Peru. TypeI876 Microlophus inquinalis Cope. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sc . Phila., (2) 8 (I875): I72. Valley of Jequetepeque, Peru. locality: Biol., Mertens, Senckenberg iana pi. peruv ianus peruv ianus idurus 106, 11, figs. Trop 37' 1356 1-5; pi. 12, figs. 6-7. i
—
Western foothills of Andes and coastal areas of southern Ecuador, Peru, and Distribution: northern Chile.
Trop durus peruv ianus araucanus (Lesson) i
1826 Lophyrus araucanus Lesson, in Duperrey, Voy. "Coquille", Reptiles, pi. Biobio River, Arauco, Concepción, Chile. locality: 1366 Trop idurus peruvianas araucanus Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: 143.
2,
fig.
1.
Type-
—
Distribution:
Northwestern Chile.
Tropidurus peruv ianus atacamens 1360
[
Donoso-Barros
is
Trop durus peruv ianus j atacamens s Donoso-Barros, Invest. Zool. Chilensis, 6: 63. Typelocality: Atacama Desert, Chile; further specified as Caldera, Atacama, Chile, by Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile, I366, 153' i
i
Distribution:
Atacama Desert
Trop durus peruv ianus heterolep i
i
in
region south of Antofagasta, Chile.
Wiegmann
s
I835 Tropidurus heterolepi s Wiegmann, Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop. -Carol. , I7: 225, pi. I7, 1. Type-locality: Tacna, Peru. 1366 Trop durus peruv ianus heterolep s Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: 134. i
i
Distribution:
Extreme northern Chile and southern Peru.
Trop durus peruv ianus mam nens i
i
i
s
Donoso-Barros
1966 Trop idurus peruv ianus mam ifiens Mamiña, Tarapacá, Chile.
Distribution:
f ig.
—
i
s
Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile:
I50.
Type-locality:
Region of type locality.
Trop durus peruv anus mar ianus Donoso-Barros i
i
1966 Tropi durus peruvianus marianus Donoso-Barros, Isla Santa Maria, Antofagasta, Chile.
Distribution:
148.
Type-locality:
Region of type locality.
Trop durus peruv ianus quadr i
1845 St.[ eirolepis ] quadr
i
i
v v
i
i
ttatus (Tschudi) tta ta Tschudi, Arch,
Peru. 1966 Tropidurus peruvianus quadr
Distribution:
Reptiles de Chile:
i
vi
ttatus
Region of type locality.
fur Naturg., 11:
— Donoso-Barros,
I56.
Type-locality:
Reptiles de Chile: 141.
Coastal
269
TROPIDURUS
Trop durus peruvianus sail i
n
cola Mertens
i
iqS6 Tropidurus peruvianus salinicola Mertens, Senckenberg iana Biol., 37= ^^^> Pl- ^^t ^''9^' Salinas, soutli of Huacho, Departamento Lima, Peru. Type-locality: 8-10. Salt flats
Distribution:
Trop durus peruv lanus
t
i
in
vicinity of type locality.
(Tscliudi)
igr s i
tigris Tschudi iqS6 Tropidurus peruvianus t qr s 184'^ St.[ eirolepis ]
i
i
,
Arch,
Coastal Peru. Type-locality; 11: I56. Senckenberg iana Biol., 37: IO9, pi. 13, figs. 13-14.
fur Naturg.,
— Mertens,
Coastal Peru, replacing nominate race at higher altitudes.
Distribution:
TROPIDURUS SEMITAENIATUS (Spix) "In campis Type-locality: 182S Aqama semitaeniata Spix. Sp. Nov. Lac. Bras.: 13, pi. 16, fig. 1. montosis Sincura", Bahia, Brazil. Mus., Brit. 2: I78. Cat. Liz. Boulenger, 188S Tropidurus sem taen iatus Type-locality: iq^S Tapinurus scut punctatus Amaral. Mem. Inst. Butantan, ] (l532): 65, figs. 22-2$. Villa Nova (= Senhor de Bonfim), Bahia, Brazil.
—
i
i
Distribution: Brazil.
Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte, Para'ba, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Sergipe, and Bahia, eastern
TROPIDURUS SPINULOSUS (Cope) Paraguay. Type-locality: 1862 Microlophus spinulosus Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1862: 35I. Type'Shaughnessy, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) 4: 301. I875 Leiocephalus ( Cran opelt s ) varieqatus Cosquin, Cordoba, Argentina. locality: Brit. Mus., 2: Cat. Liz. Boulenger, 175spinulosus Tropidurus 188S Argentina. Type-locality: iq^O Plica ste ineqeri Burt and Burt, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 78 (6): I5. i
i
—
Distribution:
Mato Grosso, Brazil, and Grand Chaco of Bol via, Paraguay, and northern Argentina. i
TROPIDURUS TARAPACENSIS Donoso-Barros 1966 Tropidurus tarapacensis Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: Desierto de Tarapacá, Chile, 10,000 km.
I58, col.
pi.
7.
Type-locality:
Region of type locality.
Distribution:
TROPIDURUS THERESIAE Steindachner 1301 Tropidurus theresiae Ste ndachner, Anz. Akad. Wiss. WIen, Lima, Peru. I3S6 Tropidurus theres iae Mertens. Senckenberg iana Biol., 37: i
—
10
I
111, pi.
Type-locality: 14, figs.
Ancón, near
I6-I9.
DES Donoso-Barros
1966 Tropidurus theresioides Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: de Pica, Tarapacá, Chile.
Distribution:
I95.
Between Chancay and Lima, west coast of central Peru.
Distribution:
TROPIDURUS THERES
38:
Region of type locality.
155,
col.
pi.
7.
Type-locality:
Oasis
270 TROPIDURUS
TROPIDURUS THORACICUS (ischudi) Type-locality: Coastal Peru. thorac ica Tschudi, Arch, fur Naturg., 11: I56. Type-locality: Eten, coast of 1500 Trop durus Thomasi Boulenger, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (7) 6: 184, Peru. 1559 Tropidurus thoracicus Mertens, Senckenberg iana Biol., 37' ^13» pl- ^5» figs. 20-25.
184'^ St.[ e irolep is ] i
—
Distribution: West coast of central Peru from Eten
in
north to Pucusana
in
south.
TROPIDURUS TORQUATUS (Wied) Type-locality: none specified. 1820 Stellio torquatus Wied. Reise nach Brasilien, I8I5-I8I7, 1: 106. Type-locality: 1823 Aqama brasiliensis Radd . Mem. Math. Fis. Soc. Ital. Sc . , I5: 55. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Type-locality: I825 Aqama h isp ida s ve tuberculata Spix, Sp. Nov. Lac. Bras.: 12, pi. I5, fig. 1. either Rio de Janeiro or Bahia, Brazil. Type-locality: Brazil. I843 Trop durus m crolep dolus Fitzinger, Systema Reptilium: 12. Gray. Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: 220. 1845 Taraquira Darwin Type-locality: Abrolhos Inlet, Brazil. IBS'] Tropidurus torquatus Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: I76. i
i
i
i
i
i
—
Distribution: Guianas; Brazil.
i
271
-^
repulía: SAURIA: TEIIDAE
^
TUPINAMBIS
TUPINAMBIS Daudin Tupinaitibis monitor Daudin. Type-species: I8O3 Tupi nambis Daudin, Hist. Nat. Rept., 3= 20. Type-species: 1820 Tutor Goldfuss (subgenus novum), Handbuch der Zoologie, Nuremberg, 2: I68. Mon tor amer icanus Goldfuss. in Linnaeus, by ix Lacerta tequ Type-species: 1822 Gusta Fleming, Philosophy of Zoology, 2: 274. present designation (see below, in comments). Type-species: Tup inamb is mon tor Daudin. 1826 Exypnestes Kaup, Isis von Oken, I8-I9: 88. Tupinambis n qropunctatus Spix. Type-species: 1828 Ctenodus Waqler. Isis von Oken, 21: 860. Type-specles: Lacerta Tequixin Linnaeus. 1830 Podinema Waqler. Nat. Syst. Amph.: 153Tupinambis n qropunctatus Spix. Type-species: Amph.: 153' 1830 Ctenodon Waqler, Nat. Syst 1831 Tequix in Gray, Synopsis Species Glass Reptilia, in Griffith, Cuvier's Animal Kingdom, 5: 25. Type-species! Lacerta tequ ix in Linnaeus. Type-species: Lacerta tequixin Linnaeus. 1833 Gymnogomphius Wagler, Isis von Oken, 26: 852. Type-species: Salvator Merianae Dumlril and 1839 Salvator Dumeril and Bibron, Erp. Gin., J: 39. i
i
i
i
B
i
bron.
Distribution:
South America east of Andes.
We are here designating Lacerta tequ ix n Linnaeus as the type species of Gusta Fleming, Comment: Use of one of the because this firmly fixes the generic name as a junior synonym of Tupi namb is other species assigned by Fleming to Gusta could result in replacement of a well-known genus, such as Crocod ilurus . i
.
Gontent:
Four species.
Glave de especies
Key to the species 1.
2 Loreal plate divided, forming two scales Loreal plate undivided, single scale n qropunctatus
1.
Placa loreal dividida originando dos escamas--2 Placa loreal no dividida, una sola escama n iqropuncta tus
Length of fourth toe much longer than tarsus--
2.
Longitud del cuarto ortejo notablemente mayor 3 que el tarso Longitud del cuarto ortejo apenas mayor que el duseni tarso
3-
Escamas ventrales desde el collar al ano 46-5Oruf escens Escamas ventrales desde el collar al ano 36-40-
i
2.
3
Length of fourth toe slightly longer than duseni tarsus 3.
Ventral scales from collar to anus 46-5O ruf escens Ventral scales from collar to anus 36-40 tequ
TUPINAMBIS DUSENI Lonnberg
ix in
^
1910 Tupinambis duseni LiSnnberq. Ark. -
tequ
ix in
for Zool. 6 (9):
1,
fig.
I-5.
Type-locality:
Paraná, Brazil.
Known only from type-locality.
Distribution:
TUPINAMBIS NIGROPUNCTATUS Spix 1825 Tupinambis
n
i
qropunctatus Spix. Spec. Nov. Lacert. Bras.: 18, pi. 20.
Amazon Basin, Distribution: Island of Trini dad.
Type-locality:
Brazil.
including Brazil, Peru, Golombia, Venezuela and perhaps Ecuador; also
TUPINAMBIS RUFESCENS (Günther) I87I Tejus rufescens Günther, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, I87I: 541. 188*1 Tupinambis ruf escens- Boulenqer, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 335.
Distribution:
Western Argentina from
La Pampa and Mendoza
Type-locality:
to Jujuy and Salta.
Mendoza, Argentina.
272
TUPINAMBIS
TUPINAMBIS TEGUIXIN (Linnaeus) Type-locality: I7S8 Lacerta teguixin Linnaeus, Systema Naturae, Ed. 10: 208. Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 335IBB^i Tupinambis teguixin
Indi is.
—
Distribution:
Northern Argentina, Uruguay, Brazil, Guianas.
Two subspecies.
Content:
Clave de subespecies
Key to the subspecies 1.
Heavily melanistic dorsally, dorsal pattern darkened or almost totally obscured sebast ian Dorsum with strong contrasts of light and dark areas, not darkened over entire tegu ix in surface
1.
i
Tup namb i
tequ
s
i
ix
n
i
tequ
ix
i
n
Dorsalmente densamente melánica, diseño dorsal oscuro o casi totalmente oscuro sebast ian Dorso con fuerte contraste de áreas claras y oscuras, no oscurecido en la totalidad tequ ix in de su superficie i
(Linnaeus)
Indi is. Type-locality: 1768 Seps marmoratus Laurent i. Synopsis Reptilium: 55None given. Type-locality: I8O3 Tupinamb is moni tor Oaudin, Hist. Nat. Rept., J: 20. Type1820 Mon tor Tutor ) americanus Goldfuss, Handbuch der Zoologie, Nuremberg, 2: I68. South America. locality: Cayenne, French Type-locality: 1835 Salvator merianae Duméril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., 5= 85. Guiana; Brazil; and Montevideo, Uruguay. nsel von Sao SebastiSo Die Herpetofauna der Müller, 1568 Tupinamb s tequ ix in f tequ ix n ] (Brasilien): 31, fig. 10. (
i
1568
i
s
tequ
ix
1
Northern Argentina, Uruguay, Brazil, and Guianas.
Distribution:
Tupi namb
—
i
i
i
n
sebast ian
i
Mu Her
Müller, Die Herpetofauna der Insel von SSo SebastiSo inambis tequ ix in sebast ian Isla SSTo SebastiSo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Type-locality: (Brasilien): 3I, fig. 10.
T up
Distribution: Known only from
i
Isla Sao SebastiSo,
Brazil.
^
273
****
repulía: SAURIA: IGUANIDAE
URACENTRON
Prepared by Richard Etheridge, San Diego State College, San Diego, California
URACENTRON Kaup 1826 1829 1830 183S 1845
Type-species: Lacerta azurea Linnaeus. Uracentron Kaup, Isis von Oken, IJ: 88. Type-species: Stellio brev icaudatus Daudin. Doryphorus Cuvier, Regne Animal, Ed. 2, 2: JA. Urocentron Waqler (emendation of Uracentron Kaup). Nat. Syst. Amphib.: 145Urocentrum Wiegmann (emendation of Uracentron Kaup). Arch, fur Naturg., 1 (2): 285. Uranocentron Gray (substitute name for Uracentron Kaup), Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: 225.
Distribution:
Guianas; Amazonian basin of Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and northern Brazil.
Content: Four species, according to most recent revision by Etheridge, Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) Zool., 17, 1568, 47-64.
Clave de especies
Key to the species 1.
Dorsal scales smooth or weakly and obtusely keeled posteriorly; tail narrower and less strongly depressed, fewer than I7 scales 2 around middle of tail Dorsal scales distinctly keeled (except in small juveniles); tail wider and more strongly depressed, more than I7 scales around middle f lav iceps of tail
2.
Posterior dorsal scales usually at least faintly keeled; pattern green (bluish in preservative) with black crossbands, at least on neck and anterior body 3 Posterior dorsals perfectly smooth; dorsum brownish with faint lighter spots; bold werner yellowish mark on occipital region
1.
Escamas dorsales lisas o ligera y obtusamente guilladas a posterior; cola mas angosta y menos fuertemente deprimida, menos de I7 2 escamas alrededor del medio de la cola Escamas dorsales distintamente quilladas (excepto en juveniles pequeños); cola más ancha y más fuertemente deprimida, mas de I7 escamas alrededor del medio de la cola f laviceps
2.
Escamas dorsales posteriores generalmente quilladas, al menos vagamente; diseño verde (azulado en preservativo) con bandas transversales negras, al menos en el cuello y 3 parte anterior del cuerpo Dorsales posteriores perfectamente lisas; dorso parduzco con manchas ligeramente más claras; marca amarilla conspicua en la región occipiwerner tal
i
Supraoculares alargados, separados de los superciliares por una sola hilera de escamas pequeñas; diseño de tres bandas transversales angostas en el cuello, seguidas de una que desciende a lo largo del pliegue antehumeral; ret'culo de trama fina en el dorso del quenther cuerpo Supraoculares variables, raramente alargados, separados de los superciliares por dos hileras de escamas pequeñas; diseño de bandas transversales anchas, conspicuas en cuello y cuerpo, dos bandas anteriores al pliegue antehumeral, a posterior una o más bandas pueden fragmentarse en un ret'culo de trama amplia azureum
3.
3.
Supraoculars band-like, separated from superciliaries by single row of small scales; pattern of three narrow crossbands on neck followed by one that descends along antihumeral fold; narrow mesh-like network on quenther dorsum of body Supraoculars variable, seldom band-like, or, if band-like, separated from supere 1 iar es by two rows of small scales; pattern of bold wide crossbands on neck and body, two anterior to antihumeral fold, posteriorly one or more bands may break up into a wide mesh-like azureum reticulum i
i
i
i
URACENTRON AZUREUM (Linnaeus) Africa; in error; Type-locality: 1758 Lacerta azurea Linnaeus, Systema Naturae, Ed. 10: 202. restricted to vicinity of Paramaribo, Surinam, by Etheridge, Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), Zool., 17, 1968, 50. Type-locality: 1802 Stellio brevicaudata Latreille. in Sonnini and Latre lie. Hist. Nat. Rept., 2: 29. interior of Guiana and Surinam. 1820 Uromastyx caeruleus Merrem (substitute name for Lacerta azurea Linnaeus), Tent. Syst. Amphib.: %. 1826 Uracentron azureum Kaup. Isis von Oken, I9: 88. Ether dqe. Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) Zool., 17: 50. 1968 Uracentron azureum i
— —
Distribution:
i
Guianas; also along or near Rio Amazon
in
northern Brazil as far west as Manaus.
274
URACENTRON
URACENTRON FLAVICEPS (Guichenot) TypeDoryphorus flaviceps Guichenot, in Castelnau, Exp. Amér. Mlrid., Rept.; 26, pi. 3> fig- 2. Sarayacu, Peru. locality: Pebas, Peru. Type-locality: I87I Doryphorus castor Cope, Proc. Amer. Phil. See, 11 (I87O): 556. Mertens, Senckenberg iana, 7: 75' 1925 Uracentron flay iceps j 1968 Uracentron f lav iceps Ether dqe. Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) Zool., I7: 55. IBS'!
I
—
—
i
Distribution: Western part of Amazonian basin eastern Ecuador, and eastern Peru.
in
northwestern Brazil, southeastern Colombia,
URACENTRON GUENTHERI (Soulenger) I854 Urocentrum quentheri Boulenger, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1854: 725, pi. 47, fig. 3. Iquitos, Peru. locality: Mertens, Senckenberg iana, ]: 751525 Uracentron quentheri 1968 Uracentron quentheri —Ether dqe. Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) Zool., I7: 53.
Type-
—
i
Ri'o Ucayali system Distribution: in northwestern Brazil.
URACENTRON WERNER
I
Departamento Loreto, eastern Peru, and western Amazonian basin
Mertens
1525 Uracentron werner 1968 Uracentron werner
Distribution:
in
i
i
Type-locality: Upper Rio Orinoco, Venezuela Mertens, Senckenberg ana, ]: 75' dqe, Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) Zool., 17: 55. ¡
— Ether
i
Upper R'o Orinoco valley
in
Venezuela; western tributaries of Orinoco
in
Colombia.
275
REPTILIA:
SAURlA:
* * "^
IGUANIDAE
URANOSCODON
URANOSCODQN Kaup 1811 Lophyrus Oppel (preoccupied by Lophyrus Poli, 175l)> Ordnungen, Familien, und Gattungen der Type-species: Lacerta supere 1 osa Linnaeus. Reptilien: 27. Type-spec Íes: Uranoscodon Kaup, Isis von Oken, I6: ^')0. Lacerta supere 1 iosa Linnaeus. Type-spec Íes: Opliryessa Boie, Isis von Oken, I7: IO5O. Lacerta supere 1 osa Linnaeus. Uran iscodon Boie (emendation of Uranoscodon Kaup), Isis von Oken, I7: IO5O. Lophyrus Gray (not Lophyrus Oppel, 1811; substitute name for Uranoscodon Kaup), Phil. Mag., i
I825 I825 I825 I827
i
i
i
i
2:
208.
I827 1827 1830 1831 I83I
Uranascodon Gray (in error for Uranoscodon Kaup), Phil. Mag., 2: 208. Ophryesa Gray (in error for Ophrvessa Boie), Phil. Mag., 2: 208. Ophryoessa Wagler (emendation of Ophryessa Boie), Nat. Syst. Amph.: 145Ophyessa Gray (emendation of Ophryessa Boie), Synopsis Species Class Reptilia, X
i
Cuvier's Animal Kingdom^ 5: 35. phura Gray, Synopsis Species Class Reptilia, Lacerta supere 1 osa Linnaeus. species; i
Griffith,
Griffith, Cuvier's Animal Kingdom
9:
33,
Type-
i
As for single known species.
Distribution: Content:
in
in
One species.
URANOSCODON SUPERO
I
L
I
OSA (Linnaeus)
"Indi is". Type-locality: 1758 Lacerta supere 1 iosa Linnaeus, Systema Naturae, Ed. 10: 200. "Batavia", from Seba, 1802 Aqama stellaris Daudin. Hist. Nat. Rept., 3: 404. Type-locality: Thesaurus, 1, 1734-65, pi. 92, fig. 2. Type-locality: Solimoens, Brazil. I825 Lophyrus xiphosurus Spix, Spec. Nov. Lac. Bras.: '), pi. 10. In humid areas on Type-locality: I825 Lophyrus auron tens Spix, Spec. Nov. Lac. Bras.: 12, pi. 13a. banks of Rio Amazon, Brazil. I825 Uranoscodon supere 1 osa Kaup, Isis von Oken, I6: 59^' I885 Ophryoessa supere 1 iosa Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2: 111. i
i
i
i
Distribution:
i
— —
Northeastern South America.
276 R EPULÍA:
SAURIA:
IGUANIDAE
jlT
^^
UROSTROPHUS
UROSTROPHUS Duméril and Bibron Urostrophus Vaut ieri Duméril Type-spec es: 1837 Urostrophus Dumlril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., 4: 77. and Bibron. 1845 Uroírophus Gray (in error for Urostrophus Duméril and Bibron), Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus.: 184. i
Distribution: Content:
Southern South America,
Chile, Brazil, Bolivia and Argentina.
In
Three species.
Clave de especies
Key to the species
1.
2
No collar on throat and shouldei Black collar on throat and lower half of
1.
torquatus
shoulder area
2. 2.
Adpressed hind limb to shoulder or neck in males, to axilla in females; eight to nine upper labials; seven to eight lower labials vau
t
i
er
i
Adpressed hind limb to eye-ear region; ten valer iae upper labials; nine lower labials
Sin collar en la garganta y hombros Collar negro en la garganta y mitad la zona de los hombros
2
inferior de torquatus
Extremidad posterior extendida hacia adelante llega al hombro o cuello en machos, a la axila en hembras; ocho a nueve labiales superiores; vaut ieri siete a ocho labiales inferiores Extremidad posterior extendida hacia adelante llega a la region ojo-oido; diez labiales superiores; nueve labiales inferiores- valeriae
UROSTROPHUS TORQUATUS (Philippi) TypeIB6I Leiosaurus torquatus Philippi, in Philippi and Landbeck, Arch, fijr Naturg., 27: 255locality: Near Concepción, Chile. TypeI86I Le iosaurus valdi vianus Philippi, in Philippi and Landbeck, Arch. fiJr Naturg., 27: 258. Valdivia Province, Chile. locality: Cat. Liz. Bou lenqer. Brit. Mus., 2: 124. 1885 Urostrophus torquatus Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: 365» pl- 27 (col.). 1966 Urostrophus torquatus
— —
Distribution:
Chile, from Chilian to Puerto Montt.
UROSTROPHUS VALERIAE Donoso-Barros 1966 Urostrophus valeriae Donoso-Barros, Reptiles de Chile: Chile (from Donoso-Barros, loc. cit., p. 458).
Distribution:
369>
Pl-
27
(col.).
Type-locality:
Alhue,
Forests of Cordillera de la Costa, central Chile.
UROSTROPHUS VAUTIERI Duméril and Bibron I837 Urostrophus Vaut ier Duméril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., 4: 78. Type-locality: Brazil; given as Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, by Guibe, Catalogue des Types de Lézards, Paris Mus., 195''> 51' i
Distribution:
Southern Brazil, northern Argentina, eastern Bolivia.
277
"^
REPULÍA: SAURIA: XENOSAURIDAE
'A'
"^
XENOSAURUS
XENOSAURUS Peters 1861 Xenosaurus Peters, Monats. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1861: Peters [= Xenosaurus grandis grandis (Gray)J.
453.
Type-species:
Xenosaurus fasciatus
Mexico to Guatemala.
Distribution:
Three species, two of which ( arboreus Lynch and Smith and platyceps King and Thompson) Content: are extral im tal, according to latest revision by King and Thompson, Bull. Florida St. Mus., 12, 1568, 93-123. i
XENOSAURUS GRANDIS (Gray) 18^6 Cubina grandis Gray. Ann. Mag. Mex CO.
Hist.,
Nat.
(2)
18:
27O.
Cordoba, Veracruz,
Type-locality:
i
Distribution:
Mexico to Guatemala.
Five subspecies, four of which ( agrenon King and Thompson, grand Content: Werler and Shannon and newmanorum Taylor) are extral imi tal.
Xenosaurus grand
i
s
rackham
i
i
s
Gray, sanmart nens
Stuart
Type-locality: 47. 1941 Xenosaurus rackhami Stuart. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 54: Volcán (45 km east of Coban), Alta Verapaz, Guatemala, I3OO m. Acad. Sc 68: lyi. Tran. Kansas Lynch and Smith, . , 1565 Xenosaurus grandis rackhami
—
Distribution:
i
Atlantic drainage
Finca
i
in
central Chiapas, Mexico, to east central Guatemala.
i
s
279
INCERTAE SEDIS
ALOPOQLOSSUS GRACILIS Werner 1913 Alopoqlossus gracilis Werner. Mitt. Rio Humboldt, tributario del Rio
Mus. Hamburg, 3O: I3. tapocu, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
Naturliist. I
Type-locality: Valle del
Distribution: Known only from type locality. Comment: Ruibal, Bull, Mus. Comp. Zool., 106, 1952, 5OI, could not allocate this species generically. He suggested it might belong to Ptychoglossus .
CNEMIDOPHORUS AMIVOIDES Cope 1894 CnemidoDhorus amivoides Cope. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc Carpintera, Costa Rica.
i
.
Phila., I894: I98.
Type-locality: La
Distribution: Known only from type locality. Comment: Taylor, Univ. Kansas Sc . Bull., 38, 1956, 268, included this taxon in the synonymy of '^ valid, this action would give ami voides Ame va undulata parva Barbour and Noble, 1915' On p. 2/1, Taylor indicated he was uncertain, but that this taxon appeared priority over parva . It cannot be included mountain form in Costa Rica. a to belong to Ame va . perhaps applying to It cannot be put in Cnem dophorus if Taylor's action in this Catalogue without a name change. It appears best for the time being to list it as an of placing it in Ame iva is valid. unassignable name. i
i
i
i
PANTODACTYLUS CONCOLOR Tschudi 1847 P.[ antodactylus ] concolor Tschudi, Arch, fur Naturg., I3 (l): Provinces of Brazil.
Distribution:
48.
Type-locality: Northern
Unknown.
Comment: This taxon was not mentioned by Ruibal in his revision of the genus Pantodactvlus (Bull. We are uncertain as to its proper generic allocation. Mus. Comp. Zool., 106, 1952).
281
NUMBERS- ATTE albi gularis Gonatodes I3O alb !ss ima Amphisbaena 33 alboc ngula ta Amphisbaena 36 Amphisbaena prunicolor
12-striata Draconura 48
i
abendroth Chalcides (Haplolepis) i
36
i
211
albogular is Gonatodes I3O Gonatodes albogularis
Ophiognomon 211 Ablepharus IJ 131 Gymnodactylus I3O Abronia 14 a Iboguttatus abrupteser iatus Phyllodactylus 222 Phyllodactylus 224 albolabr is acanth nurus Tiliqua 155 Sceloporus 247 albomax liar is acanth nus Lophyrus 118 Sceloporus 247 Sceloporus acanthinus 247 albostri ga tus Pri onodactylus 218 Acanthol is 43 Pantodactylus schreibAcanthopyga IJl i
i
i
ersii
aca thh nus i
Sceloporus 247 achalens s Cupriguanus 106 ach lies i
i
Anol
is
47
achlyens Proctoporus 238 Acrantus 260 aculeatus Gecko 142 Leiocephalus 213 Ophryoessoi des 213 Pachycercus 148 acut irostr is Anolls 55 Euspondylus 121 Ecpleopus (Euspondylus) 121
Polychrus 233 Ada 111 adspersa C tenoblepharys IO3 adspersus Ctenoblephar is IO3 aenea Scincus (Til iqua) I59 aeneus Anolis 47 aequator ial is Anolis 47 af f ne Lep idosternum I68 aff inis i
Ecpleopus 113 Eulaemus 182 agamo des Lophyrus (Ophreyesa) 23O agass iz Anol is 47 i
i
ag
i
1
is
Call isc incopus 262 Scincus 155 Tret ioscincus 262 Akleistops 162 alba
Amphisbaena 25 albi
i
369-215
O— 70-
-19
i
eva
17 a 17
oides Cnem idophorus 275 Amphisbaena 26 Amydosaurus I6I Anadia 35 andeanus Alopoglossus I5 and ianus Anolis 47 and inus Liolaemus I87 Aneuporus 264 angul if er L iocephalus 213 angust iceps Anadia 35 Cnem dophorus 5^ angust if rons Amph¡sbaena 25 Anisoclonium JS i
An isolep
i
s
42
annectans Leposoma l64 annectens Liolaemus I87 Macrophol idus 201 annularis Gonatodes I3I Hoplocercus 204 Morunasaurus 204 Anolis 43 Anolius 43 anómala Aulura 77 Bachia 81 anomalum Lepidophyma I63 Anomalurus 135 anomalus Ctenoblephari s IO3 L olaemus IO3 Oreosaurus 235 a ma ral Pholidobolus 220 Gymnodactylus 135 Polychrus 233 Gymnodactylus gecko ides Anops 7^^ 135 Anopsibaena 7O amazon ica Anopus 70 Amphisbaena fuliginosa Anotosaura Jl i
i
i
32
amazon ¡cus Coleodactylus 56 Crocodilurus 102 Pseudogona todes 242 Sphaerodactylus 56 amazon ius Alopoglossus I5 Ameiua I7 Ameiva I7 ame va Ameiva 18
Aporomera 88 Aptycholaemus ]2 aquat icus Anolis 48 araucan ens is Liolaemus altissimus i
180
araucanus Cupriguanus 106 Lophyrus 268 Tropidurus peruvianus 268 arbórea Anadia metallica 40 arenaria Saccodeira I85 arenar ius Ophryoesso ides 213 Steironotus (Eulophus) 213 Argalia 73 argent nus i
An isolep
ant illens
is
Gonatodes I3I Gymnodactylus I3I anton Anolis 47 Apatelus 78 Aperopristis I56 apodemus Neust¡curus 206 apoll ¡nari s Anolis 48 Aporarchus 26 i
i
'¡2
is
Liolaemus pictus 152 argulus Cercosaura (Pantodactylus) 235 Prionodactylus 235 Aristelligella 7A Aristell ger ]i armatulus Gnemidophorus 21 Arthrosaura 75 Arthoseps ]& arma tus Gekko 142 arubens is Gnemidophorus Ji Gnemidophorus lemniscatus 5* Aspidolaemus II3 Aspidoscel¡s 52 Aspidosoma 14 assa tum Leiolopisma 154 Leiolopisma assatum i
154
assatus Lamprophol s 154 a tacamens is Callopistes maculatus i
85
i
i
i
Anolis 68
218
alfaroi Gerrhonotus I25 alfaron is Cnem idophorus 53 Aliurus 140 alien Bachia 75 Scolecosaurus 75 all iacea Mabuia 200 Mabuya mabouya 200 all ison Anolis 47 Alopoglossus I5 altae Anol is 47 altamazon icus Centropyx I5I Kentropyx I5I alt ¡color Liolaemus I78 Liolaemus alticolor I78 alt ss imus L iolaemus 175 Liolaemus altissimus 180 al varez Heloderma horridum I33 amapaense Arthrosaura 75
ame va (cont. ) Ameiva ameiva I5 Lacerta 18 americana Ameiua I5 Amphisbaena 32 americanus Basiliscus 84 Monitor (Tutor) 272
Liolaemus nigromaculatus 185 Tropidurus peruvianus 268
ater Liolaemus n¡gromaculatus 185 at tlanens is Celestus 50 a tlant ica Mabuya 200 a tr icucullaris Gonatoes I32 a tr gularis Ameiva surinamensis 20 Stenocercus 257 a ttenuata Anadia metallica 40 i
i
282 ATTE- CADU attenuatus Anolis wood 65 Audantia 43 Aulura 77 auratus Anolis 48 Norops 48 aureolus Anolis 59 aurita Abronia 14 Gerrhonotus 14 auronitens Lophyrus 275 australis Gonatodes I27 azurea Lacerta 273 azureum Uracentron 273 azureus Proctotretus 241 Tropidocephalus 241 i
bibronii (cont.) Enyalius ll/ Liolaemus 180 Oplurus 227 Proctotretus 180 bicarinata Lacerta 206
bicarinatus Neusticurus 206 bicolor Bachia 80 Gonioptychus 244 Heteroclon urn 80 Ptychoglossus 244 bifasciatus Heteropus 262 Tret osc incus 262 Tret iosc ncus bifasciatus 262 bifrontata Ameiva 20 Ameiva bifrontata 21 bilineata Ameiva ameiva I9 Ophryoessa 84 B bilineatus Enyalius 118 Bachia 78 Enyalus 118 baessleri Ptychoglossus 245 Phyllodactylus 224 bilobatus bahiana Celestus 108 Amphisbaena 3O Diploglossus 108 bakeri binotatus Ctenosaura IO5 Anolis 48 barbouri biporoata Bachia 79 Dactyloa 48 Basiliscus 84 Basiliscus basiliscus 84 biporcatus Anolis 48 Dicrodon IO7 Anolis biporcatus 49 Lepidoblepharis 242 b rd Pseudogonatodes 242 Gymnophthalmus I38 bardensis Gymnophthalmus speciLeiosaurus I56 osus I38 Barisia I25 biscutiger Basiliscus 83 Anolis 49 basiliscus bisecta Basiliscus 83 Leposoma I66 Basiliscus basiliscus 84 bisignatus Lacerta 83 Liolaemus nigromaculabassleri tus 189 Amphisbaena fuliginosa 32 Proctotretus I89 Cercosaura ocellata 9I bistriatus beaglii Scincus I99 Ortholaemus I87 bitaeniata beckeri Anadia 39 Anolis 63 bitectus Anolis pentaprion 63 Anolis 49 beebei bivittata Gonatodes I3I Anolis petersii 63 belli Draconura 84 Leiolaemus 180 bivittatus Leiosaurus I56 Pantodactylus 217 benguellensis blairi Hemidactylus 142 Bachia 80 beniensis Scolecosaurus 80 Amphisbaena 29 blakei bertholdi Anadia 40 Draconura 48 blanqu Uanus bibroni Anolis bonairensis 5O Liolaemus 180 Blepharact s s I37 bibronii Blepharosteres I3 Diplolaemus 110 i
i
ยก
i
i
i
i
i
i
bocourtii Anolis 45 Tropidurus 266 bodinii Gonatodes I32 boettgeri Anolis 49 Cophias 82 Lep idosternon I68 Stenocercus 255 bogerti Tropidurus 265 Bogertia 85 bogotensis Anadia 40 Ecpleopus (Xestosaurus) 40
bohlsii
Amphisbaena 33 bojeri
i
Briba 86
Bronia 87 brasiliensis Agama 27O Enyalius 118 Lophyrus 118 Tret iosc ncus 262 brattstroem Liolaemus cyanogaster i
Hemidactylus (Proepus) 141
boliviana Amphisbaena 3O bolivianus Liocephalus 213 Liolaemus I87 Pri onodactylus 236 Pr ionodactylus manicatus 236
Proctoporus 238 bolivica Amphisbaena camura 3" Boltalia 140 bombiceps Anolis 49 bonairensis Anolis ^0 Anolis bonairensis ^0 bondi
Anolis nitens 6I boon Gonatodes I3I borckiana Centropyx I52 borellii i
Brachysaurus 212 brachystoma Coleodactylus 96 Homonota 56 brachyura Amphisbaena 35 braconnieri Gon odactylus I3I branickii Tejovaranus 88 bransfordii Anolis 58 brasiliana
i
Amphisbaena 37 Amphisbaena steindachneri
37
Gymnodactylus 146 Homonota 146 Lep idosternum I69 Pantodactylus 217 boulengeri Amphisbaena 33 Anolis 64 Anolis punctatus 64 Lep dosternum I68 Liolaemus 180 bourgeaei Anolis 58 Anolis lemurinus 58 boutonii Ablepharus I3 Scincus I3 bouvierii Anolis 50 Brachydactylus 97 brachypoda Mabuya I98 Brachypus 78 i
i
182
braziliensis Ophyessa (Plica) 118 bresslaui Apatelus 80 Bachia 80 brevicaudata
Stellio273 breviceps Anolis 55 brev f rental s Euspondylus 121 Ptychoglossus 244 brevipes Anolis 49 brevis Lygosoma assatum 155 Briba 86 bridgesii Ameiva 21 Holcosus 21 Bronia 87 brookii Hemidactylus 141 brooksi iaphoranol s 60 i
i
13
i
bruchi
Anisolepis 42 brumetii Anolis 5* buchwaldi Lepidoblepharis I58 buckleyi Alopoglossus 15 Anolis 67 Gon odactylus I32 Leposoma I5 buergeri Liolaemus 180 Sphaerodactylus 253 bullaris Anolis 64 Bunocnemis 140 i
C
Cachryx II6 caducus Ophryoesso ides 213
283
CADU-CYAN caud iscutatus Gonatodes 132 Gymnodactylus 132 Iguana 145 ceciliae Gonatodes I32 caerulescens Celestus 5O Enyalioides II5 centralis Lacerta 54 Amphisbaena vermicucaeruleus laris 38 Seps 34 Echinosaura 112 Uromastyx 273 Centropyx I5I calabaricus Hem idactylus frenatus 142 centropyx Cnem idophorus IO7 calcaratus Centrura 227 Kentropyx I5I ceped call iscel is Scincus 133 Dicrodon IO7 Cephalopeltis I67 Calliscincopus 262 Cercosaura 3I Callopistes 88 chacoens is cameran Liolaemus 181 Lepidosternum I65 Camilia 108 cha tzami Ameiva 21 campanae Liolaemus nigroviridis Chalcides 78 chale id ica 151 iguana 23O camura Chalcidolepis 35 Amphisbaena 3O Chalcis 78 cantoris Chamaeleops is 101 Peripia I6I cap to chamaeleops s Anolis 50 Corythophanes 101 champsonotus caracal Gecko 141 Placosoma cordylinum carean 223 Lepidosternon I65 Prionodactylus 225 carinatus Chaunolaemus 233 Sceloporus 247 chaus Sphaerodactylus homolepiis Gecko 141 cherr e 252 carin icauda tum Leiolopisma 155 Lepidosoma I5 Leiolopisma cherriei carin icaudatus 155 Mocoa 155 Alopoglossus I5 car iococca ch ilens s Pygopus 203 Liolaemus 181 Carlia I54 ch 1 iens is carneus Calotes 181 Liolaemus 181 Anolis 50 carrion ch illanens s Liolaemus montícola 1Í Stenocercus 256 ch iloeens is carrucc Amphisbaena 33 Liolaemus pictus 153 carvalho Chioninia I37 Amphisbaena 3" Chirocolus 144 cas icolus chlor is Anolis 51 Sphaerodactylus 252 cas tan icterus chocorum Tretioscincus 262 Anolis 51 castor chrysochlorus Doryphorus 27* Celestus 5O casuhat ens is chrysolep is Anolis ^1 Cupriguanus 106 catamarcens s Anolis (Oraconura) 60 LeiosauTus I56 chrysopygus catenata Stenocercus 256 Agama 118 Chrysosaurus I70 catenatus chrysost ictus Enyal ius 118 Sceloporus 247 eaten if er c inctum Anolis 64 Copeoglossum I55 caudelot c poense Gymnodactylus I6I Placosoma 228
caducus (cont.) Scartiscus 213 caerulea
i
i
i
i
i
¡
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
Cnem idophorus 52 Cnemidotus 17 cobanensis Anolis 51 Coccoessus 43 cochabambae Mabuya frenata I58 cochranae Neusticurus 206 Neusticurus ecpleopus 206 coelestis Ameiva 260 coeruleocephala Lacerta 5* coerulescens Enyalius 115 Coleodactylus 56 Coleonyx 37 coleonyx Gymnodactylus 57 collaris Anotosaurus 7I Gonatodes I32 Colobodactylus 58 Colobosaura 55 Colobus 78 colombianus Lepidoblepharis festae 155 Coloptychon 100 columbianus Proctoporus 235 columbiensis Prionodactylus 235 completa Ctenosaura IO5 concinnatus Gonatodes I32 Gymnodactylus 132 concolor Ameiva bifrontata 21 Anolis 51 Pantodactylus 275 conspersus Liolaemus I85 conspicuus Gymnodactylus I35 constanzae Liolaemus 181 cont inental is Sphaerodactylus 252 Sphaerodac tylus argus 252 Tropidurus 266 copei Anolis 45 Copeoglossum I57 Cophias 78 cophias Bachia 81 Chamaesaura 80 copiapensis Liolaemus nigromaculatus 183 copiapoensis Liolaemus nigromaculatus I83 cop Alopoglossus I6 Centropyx I52 I
I
cordyllnum Placosoma 228 Placosoma cordylinum 225
cortezi Anolis 60 Corythaeolus $3 Corythophanes 101 Corytophanes 101 courtyi Liolaemus variabilis 187
cozumela Cnem idophorus 53 Cnem idophorus cozumela 53
Cnem idophorus deppei 53
Craneosaura 83 Craniopeltis 264 crass icauda tum Scelotrema 256 crass icaudatus Stenocercus 256 crassulus Anolis 5I Anolis crassulus 52 crassum Lepidosternon I68 crequ Liolaemus variabilis i
i
187
Cristasaura 83 cristata Agama 101 cristatus Corythophanes 101 Corytophanes 101 crocodilinus Teius 111 Crocodilurus 102 cruciger Gecko 142 Cryptoblepharum I3 Ctenoblephari s IO3 Ctenoblepharys IO3 Ctenocercus 43 Ctenodeira 43 Ctenodon 27I Ctenodus 271 Ctenonotus 43 Ctenosaura IO5 Cubina 145 Cubinia 145 cupreus Anolis 52 Euspondylus 225 Stenocercus 256 Cupriguanus 106 curicensis Liolaemus platei I53 curtus Anolis 52 Custa 27I cuvieri Bachia 80 Brachypus 80 Cephalopelt is I63 Scolecosaurus 80 cyaneus Teius 54
284
CYA N -FORM cyanochlori s Celestus 5O cyanodactylus
d
d
i
i
spar Leposoma I65 ssecta Amphisbaena alba 2?
Gecus 142 d iss im il cyanogaster Anolis 52 Liolaemus 181 Liolaemus cyanogaster 181 d vergens Lep idodactylus I6I Proctotretus 181 d V sa Teius teyou 260 Ameiva bifrontata 2. cyanomelas d visus Teius 94 Cnem dopliorus 21 Cyclodina I54 d ixon cyclurus PInyllodactylus 223 Agama 265 doello jurado cynocephalus Proctotretus 241 Anolis 62 dollf us ianus Cyprius 115 Anolis 52 Cyrtodactylus I35 dom n icana Cyrtopodion I35 Mabuia 200 dominicensis D 1
i
i
i
i
i
i
1
i
Daconura 83 Dactyloa 43 Dactylocalotes 83 damulus Anolis 52 darwini Liolaemus 182 darwini Amphisbaena 3" 3O Amphisbaena darwini Cubinia I36 Oiplolaemus 110 Gymnodactylus gecl<oides 136 Homonota 146 Liolaemus 182 Proctotretus 182 Taraguira 27O Dasyderma 135 daudini Colobus 81 deborrei Laemanctus 153 Laemanctus longipes 153 deceml ineatus Cnemidophorus 93 decodon Centropyx I52 Deiroptyx 43 dejongi Neusticurus 2O7 deppii Cnemidophorus 93 Cnemidophorus deppii 93 deserticola Mabuya 200 devillei Anolis 53 D iaphoranol is 43 Diastemalepis 244 Dicrodon IO7 difficilis Stenocercus 256 Dinosaura I35 Diphalus 26 Diploglossus 108 Diplolaemus 110 Discodactylus 222 i
i
Mabuya I99 dorbignii Gymnodactylus 124, 126 Homonota 146 dorbignyi Bachia 80 Chalcides 80 Liolaemus 182 Pantodactylus 217 dorsalis Monoplocus 3 dorsistriata Arthrosaura 75 dorsivittata Mabuia I98 Mabuya I98 Doryphorus 273 Ooryura 140 dovii Eublepharis 97 Dracaena 111 dracoena Lacerta 111 Dracontopsis 43 Draconura 43 Oryophilus II7 dubia Amphisbaena 3I, 32 dumerilii Ophryoesso ides 215 dunn M icrablepharus 2O3 Sphaerodactylus 252 duquei Anadia 40 duseni Tupinambis 27I i
E
Echinosaura 112 Ecphymatotes 233 Ecpleopus II3 ecpleopus Neusticurus 2O7 edracantha Ameiva 21 eduardof ischer Phyllodactylus 225 i
edwards Ameiva 22 Ameiva festiva 22 eewi Anolis 52 eigenmanni Prionodactylus 235 Elabites I57 Elaplirosaura 228 elegans Anolis 53 Coleonyx 57 Coleonyx elegans 97 i
i
Iphisa 150
Liolaemus I79 Elgaria I25 el isa
Dactylocalotes 84 elongatus Liolaemus 182 emarginata
fase iata Homonota 146 fasciatus Anolis 53 Diploglossus 108 Gymnodactylus 146 Leiosaurus I56 Tiliqua 108 femoral is Pantodactylus 217 Polychrus 233 femoratus Proctotretus I83 ferrigineus Gonatodes I33 festae Alopoglossus 16 Anolis 53 D iastemalep s 244 Enyalioides II5 Enyalioides laticeps i
Iguana 149
II5
Emminia 9I Emphrassotis 237 Emydactylus 140 Enyalioides 114 Enyal iosaurus II6 Enyalius II7 Enyalus II7 Epaphelus I37 ervingi Stenocercus 256 erythrogaster Brachysaurus 213 Liolaemus 182 Ophryoesso des 213 espeuti Cnem idophorus Ji Endactylus 43 Eulaemus I7O eulaemus Anolis 53 Eulepis 154 Euleptes 222 Eulophus 212 Eumeces II9 Eunotus 43 Euprepes I97 Euprepis I97 Eupristes 43 Eurhous 140 Eurylepis II9 Euspondylus 120 eutropia Ameiva 22 Eutropis I97 exsul Hemidactylus 143 extremus Anolis 65 Anolis roquet 65 Exypnestes 27I i
Euspondilus 2O7 Leiocephalus 213 Lep doblephar s I58 Lep doblephar s fesi
i
i
i
tae I59
Ophryoesso des 213 Ptychoglossus 244 festiva Ameiva 21 Ameiva festiva 22 festivus Cnem idophorus 21 fimbriata Barissia 14 fischeri Ameiva ameiva I9 fitzgeraldi Liolaemus 182 i
f
itzingeri
f
itzingeri
Laemanctus 42 Liolaemus 182 i
Proctotretus 182 fitzroii Ortholaemus 195 flagellifer Centrura 227 flava Amphisbaena 32 flavescens Amphisbaena 29 Bachia 80 Chalcides 80 flaviceps Doryphorus 274 Uracentron 274 f lav imaculatum Lepidophyma l62 Lepidophyma flavimaculatum l62 f lav punctata Aporomera 88 F f lav puncta tus Callopistes 88 falconensis fluminensis Gonatodes I32 Arthroseps 76 Gonatodes caud scutatus formosus I32 Liocephalus 214 fantasticus Ophryoesso des 214 Sphaerodactylus 257 i
i
i
i
285
FRAG- HOLM fragilis Hemidactylus 141 fraseri Anolis 53 Ecpleopus (Proctoporus) 121
frenata Emoea I58 Mabuya I98 Mabuya frenata I58 frenatus Anolis 53 Hemidactylus 141 frontatus Anolis 58 fugax Lep idoblephari s sanctamartae I6O fuliginosa Amphisbaena 3I Amphisbaena fuliginosa 32 fulvus Gerrhonotus 126 Gerrhonotus moreletii 126 Sceloporus 25O furvus Pseudogonatodes 242 fuscoauratus Anolis 53 Anolis fuscoauratus 54 fuscus Gonatodes albogularis I3I Liolaemus 182 Stenodactylus I3I G
gabbiana Amiva 23 galgeae Ameiva undulata 24 gaigei Anolis 68 Cnemidophorus lemniscatus 94 Gaigeia 162 galeritus Basiliscus 84 garbei Anolis 5* Garbesaura I23 Garbesaura I23 Garthia 124 Gastrotropis 43 gaudichaudii Ecpleopus 113 Garthia 124 Gymnodactylus 124 Homonota 124 Geckoella I35 geckoides Gymnodactylus 135 Gymnodactylus geckoides 135 gemmosus Anolis 54 gentilis Anolis 47 georgeensis Aristelliger 74 Idiodactylus 74
Gerrhonotus 12$ Gerrhopygus 222 gerrhopygus Diplodactylus 223 Phyllodactylus 223 gibbiceps Anolis $4 gillii Gonatodes I34 girardi Gymnodactylus I36 glabella Cercosaura (Urosaura) 229 glabellum Placosoma 229
guaporicola Mabuya I95 gua temalens s Akleistops I63 guayaqu lens s Phyllodactylus 224 guentheri Ecpleopus ( Euspondylus) i
i
i
121
Euspondylus 121 Liocephalus 214 Ophryoesso ides 214 Oreosaurus 235 Proctoporus 239 Sceloporus 247 Uracentron 274 Urocentrum 274 glaucurus guianense Micrablepharus 2O3 Leposoma I65 glaucus guianensis Sphaerodactylus 252 Dracaena 111 Sphaerodactylus glaucus Pseudogonatodes 243 252 guidichaudi glieschi Homonota 146guimara Liolaemus I9I guimaraesi Glyptoderma 26 Coleodactylus 96 godeti guntheri Anolis 43 ^^Anolis 59 godmani guntheri Anolis 54 Lep dosternon 168 goetschi guttata Liolaemus I83 Ameiva I9 Gonatodes I27 guttulatum Gonioptychus 244 Dicrodon IO7 goodridgii guttulatus Lophosaura 84 Basiliscus 84 gorgonae gutturosa Anolis 54 Lacerta 25 goyazensis gutturosus Phyllopezus 226 Polychrus 233 gracilipes Polychrus gutturosus Anolis 54 23* gracilis Gymnodactylus I35 Alopoglossus 279 gymnodactylus Amphisbaena 33 Gecko I35 Anolis 64 Gymnogomph us 27I Liolaemus I83 Gymnophthalmus I37 Proctotretus I83 gymnopygus grandensis Phyllodactylus 223 Cnemidophorus 93 grandis ^ Cubina 277 Xenosaurus 277 haenchi granosa Leiocephalus 214 Hemidactylus 142 haensch granuliceps Liocephalus 214 Anolis 55 Ophryoesso des graphica haguei Lacerta I9 Anolis 52 gravenhorsti Anolis crassulus 52 Liolaemus I83 haitianus gravenhorst Hemidactylus brook Leiodera 183 i
i
i
i
i
i
grayii
Lepidosternon I69 Por iodogaster 162 grilli
Anisolepis 42 Ophiodes 2O9 groi
Morunasaurus 204
1*1
hancocki Celestus IO9 Hapalolepis 211 hartwegi Ameiva undulata 24 hasemani Gonatodes I33
i
hasemanni Gonatodes I33 hatcheri Liolaemus 18$ heathi Amphisbaena 33 Mabuya I99 helgae Gonatodes I36 heliactin Anolis 66 Helocephalus IO3 Heloderma I39 Hemidactylus 140 hemprichii Lep idosternon I69 Heremites 197 Herinia I97 hernandesii Chamaeleops is 101 Corytophanes 101 hernandezii Corythophanes 101 Herpetochalc s 78 Heteroclon um 78 Heterodactylus 144 Heteroderma 43 heterodermus Anolis 219 Phenacosaurus 219 Heterolepis 43 heterolepis Cnem dophorus (Aspidof>celis) IO7 Dicrodon IO7 Enyalioides 114 Enyalus 114 Tropidurus 268 Tropidurus peruvianus 268 heterophol dotus Anolis 55 heteropus Bachia 80 Chalcides 80 Heterotropis 254 heterozonata Amphisbaena 3I Amphisbaena darwini i
i
i
i
3I
heterurus Phyllodactylus 223 hexaspis Hemidactylus 141 h eroglyph cus Liolaemus I83 hispida Agama 265 hispidus Tropidurus 265 hoffmanni Anolis 55 i
i
hogei
Amphisbaena 33 Amphisbaena darwini ^3
Holcosus I7 holmbergi Dicrodon IO7 holmgreni Prionodactylus 235
286
HOLO-LEPI Holoderma I35 holotrop s Anolis 60 Tropidurus 23I Hombronia IJí homolep s Sphaerodactylus 252 Homonota I45 Hoplocercus 148 Hoplopodion 140 horr ida Ech nosaura 112 Echinosaura hórrida 112 Homonota 146 horr dum Heloderma I35 Trachyderma I35 horr dus Gymnodactylus 146 houttuyn Oiploglossus 108 huebner Mesobaena 202 humeral s Gonatodes I33 Gymnodactylus I33 M icrophractus 256 Stenocercus 256 Sceloporus 249
i
i
i
i
i
¡
i
I
i
i
hum ills
i
i
i
ngeri
Phyllodactylus tubei culosus 225 i
ngu nal i
i
i
ns ign
i
i
i
i
i
s
odactylus ]i
i
i
k ingi
i
Anops 70 L olaemus I83 Proctotretus I83
i
i
I
i
i
i
i
i
i
hering Anisolepis 42 Enyalius 118 mbrica tus Heterodactylus 144 Sphaerodactylus 252 Sphaerodactylus lineolatus 252 mpet gosus Anolis 56 naequal s Phyllodactylus 223 ncanescens Gekko 142 ncertum Leiolopisma 155 Lygosoma I55 incertus Gymnodactylus I33 i
i
i
i
I
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
lat iceps Enyal o ides 114 ¡
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
¡
i
i
i
i
i
¡
i
i
I
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
Iguana I49 guana Iguana I49 Iguana iguana I49 Lacerta I49
i
Mabu la 200 later str ga Tejus 19 Lathrogecko I58
i
i
i
i
155
Lamprosaurus II9 lanceolata
Enyalioides laticeps 115 kn ght Enyalus 114 Amphisbaena 29 Lep idosternon I69 kock lat f rons Arthrosaura 75 Anolis 57 Pr ionodactylus 75 lat if rontale koepkeorum Lep dosternon I68 Tropidurus occipitalis lat vi ttatus 267 Liolaemus I78 kraepel n lativittis Colobosaura 99 Cnem dophorus 93 Perodactylus 99 leach kr eg Cnem dophorus 93 L ¡olaemus I83 leech kugler Enyal io ides 118 Anolis 54 Enyalius 118 Anolis fuscoauratus 5^ leeseri Ptychoglossus 245 Amphisbaena 33 Tret lose ncus bifasciale ighton tus 262 Hemidactylus 141 kuhlman Liolaemus nigromacula- Le iodera I7O Leiogerrhon 14 tus 190 Leiolopisma 154 kuhlmann Liolaemus nigromacula- Leiosaurus I56 Lelurus 140 tus 190
Anol Is 56 nsulae Enyal o des 114 nsulana Ame va 20 Ameiva bifrontata 20 nsular s Phyllodactylus 223 ntermed la Bachia 81 ntermed us Anolis 56 Kentropyx 152 Lep idoblephar s 159 Lep idodactylus I6I Ophiodes 207 Proctotretus 181 Teius (Centropyx) I52 ophyro des Iguana I49 Iphlsa 150 razuens s Sceloporus 248 ridescens Liocephalus 214 Ophryoesso ides 214 lab ial s rregular s Gecko 161 Anolis 63 lacert ino ides Aristelliger ]i Cnem idophorus 93 Istiocercus 43 lacert ñus xbaac Crocodilurus 102 Leiolopisma cherriei 1 55 Tupinambis 102 Lygosoma assatum 155 lacerto des Cnem dophorus 93 lacertus Oreosaurus 238 jacaré Laemanctus 153 Anolis 56 Laemopristus 2é4 Jacob lacta Anol is 66 Ameiva I9 jama icens is Ameiva ameiva I9 Tiliqua 109 laev icaudus james Tret ose ncus I38 Ctenoblephar s IO3 laev s javan leus Anolis 57 Hemidactylus (Pnoepus¡ Gecko 261 141 Oreosaurus 239 jobert Proctoporus 239 Mabuya I98 Scytomycterus 57 jul en laev ventr is Phyllodactylus 224 Anolis 57 jun nens s Dactyloa (Anolis) 57 Stenocercus 255 lagart ja Kentropyx I52 i
Lampropholis 154 lamprophol s Leiolopisma cherriei i
i
i
i
i
K
karach ens s Hemidactylus 143 kempton Anolis 57 Kentropyx I5I kingi L iolaemus I83
i
i
Anolis 55 Anol is hum 1 is 55 Cercosaura ')! h ygom Cnem dophorus 55 Tropidurus 265 Hylosaurus l54 Hyperanodon 23O hypost ctus Proctoporus 239 Hypsibates 23O Hypsilophus 149, 230
Id
s
Microlophus 268 ¡nornatus Hemidactylus 141
i
i
ncompertus Anolis 56 Anolis incompertus 56 nconsp icuus Liolaemus I89 nf raorb tale Lep dosternon I68 Leposternon I68
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
emn sea ta Lacerta 93 lemn iscatus Anolis 57 Cnem dophorus 93 Cnem dophorus lemniscatus 9* L olaemus I83 lemur ñus Anolis 57 1
i
¡
i
i
i
Anolis lemurinus 5^ lent g nosus Anolis 51 Cnem dophorus IO7 lentus L iolaemus 221 lenzi Liolaemus I87 leopard ñus Diplolaemus 110 L olaemus I83 i
i
¡
i
i
Liolaemus leopardinas 184 L osaurus 110 Lep idoblephar s I58 Lep idodactylus I6I Lepidophyma l62 lep dopygus Diplodactylus 224 Phyllodactylus 224 Lepidosoma l64 Lep dosternon I67 i
i
i
i
287
LEPl-MEYE Lepisoma l64 Leposoma 164 Leposternon I67 Leposternum I67 leptophrys Ame iva 23 Am va 23 i
i
i
Ame va IO7 i
ligiae Gonatodes I32 1 im f rons Anolis 58 Anolis limifrons 58 i
nden
i
i
Anolis 55 1
1
Ineata Ame iva ')i Bach! a 81 Bachia lineata 81 Lacerta I37 ineatus
Anolis 55 Gymnophthalmus 137 L olaemus I5I Sphaerodactylus 252 1 neogular s L ocephalus 213 1 neolatus Sphaer ¡odactylus 252 1 neomaculatus Liolaemus I85 1 iocephalo des Scartiscus 213 Liodeira I70 1 iogaster Polychrus 234 Liogerrhon 14 L olaemus I70 1 onotus Anisolepis 42 Anolis 55 Llosaurus I56 L iosc incus 154 L ip in ia 154 litterata Lacerta 25 i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
L 1
iurus 140 V idus i
Proctoporus 240 lobens is Phyllodactylus 224 lombocens s Lep dodactylus I6I long icauda Ame iva 5'' Anolis 53 Aptycholaemus. 72 long caudatus Proctoporus 238 i
i
i
i
i
Anolis 51 long pes Anolis 50 Laemanctus 153 Lophopholis 140 Lophosaura 83 Lophyrus 275 lorenzmuelleri Liolaemus 185 lorenzmülleri Liolaemus 185 lover idge Anolis 53 Loxopholis 164 luc iae Mabuia 200 luctuosus Ecpleopus (Oreosaurus) i
leptoscel s Anolis 58 Leptosternon I67 lessonae Diploglossus 108 M ¡crolophus 268 leucocephala Amphisbaena 33 leucost Ictus Euspondylus 121 Prionodactylus 121 leucost gma
1
long icaudus Cnem dophorus 3* long iceps Hemidactylus 141 long crus
i
macrolep s Anolis 55 Tropidurus 265 macrophallus Anol is 52 Macrophol dus 201 macropus Anolis 58 macrorhyncha Mabuya 200 macula ta Ameiva I5 Ameiva ameiva I5 Mabuya 200 i
i
T
iliqua 200
maculatum Lepidophyma I63 maculatus Callopistes 88 Callopistes maculatus 88
marmorata Argalia 73 Lacerta 234 Norops 60 Phrynosaura 221 marmoratus Leiosaurus 221 Liolaemus I5I Polychrus 234 Seps 272 Stenocercus 256 Trachycyclus 256 marsup ial s Anol s hum 1 s 56 mart in Phyllodactyius 224 Phyllodactylus 224 mattogrossens s Amphisbaena 33 Gymnodactylus 146 max im 1 ian Gymnophthalmus 2O3 Lep idosternon I68 Micrablepharus 2O3 mayens s Anol s sagre 65 i
i
i
i
Cnem dophorus I3 Euspondylus 121 Gymnodactylus I3O 235 Proctoporus 233 macul ventr! s lugubri s Anolis 60 magellan cus Lep idodactylus I6I Platydactylus I6I Liolaemus I85 lunae Proctotretus I85 mag ister Sceloporus 247 Sceloporus acanthinus Phyllodactylus 224 magn if ca 247 lundelli Amphisbaena J2 Sceloporus 247 magnus Sceloporus lundelli 248 Phyllodactylus 225 lund Phyllodactylus tubercuHeterodactylus 144 losus 225 lunulatus ma jor Lepidoblepharis 243 Liolaemus pictus 133 Pseudogonatodes 243 malach t icus lutzae Sceloporus 248 Bogertia 85 Sceloporus malachiticus Ecpleopus 225 248 L olaemus I85 mam inens is Lygisaurus 154 Tropidurus peruvianus Lygodactylus I56 268 Lygosomella 154 managuae Eumeces II5 M man icata Cercosaura (Prionodact) mabou ¡a lus) 235 Gecko 142 man icatus Hemidactylus 142 Prionodactylus 235 Mabcuya I57 Prionodactylus manimabouya catus 236 Lacertus I55 mann Mabuya 153 Callopistes maculatus Mabuya mabouya 155 83 Mabuia I57 marcelae mabu ia Bachia 81 Gecko 142 Bachia lineata 81 Mabuiopsis 157 margar taceus Mabuya 157 Lophyrus 118 mabuya mar ianus Hemidactylus (lachyPrionodactylus 236 bates) 142 Tropidurus peruvianus macrocepfialum 268 Lep dosternon I68 mar iarum macrodactylus Anolis 60 Morops 48 Mariguana 43 i
i
i
i
i
i
i
¡
i
me
i
j
er
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
Hemidactylus I6I melanocephala Ame va ame va I5 i
i
melanopleurus Tropidurus 266 melanops Liolaemus 182 melanopygus Stenocercus 257 melanorh ñus Sceloporus 245 meleagr is Proctoporus 235 Menetia I3 i
i^entalis
Colobosaura 55 mer ianae Salvator 272 mer id onal s Anolis 60 Coleodactylus 56 Geko 142 Sphaerodactylus 56 merrem Gymnophthalmus 137 mertens Amphisbaena 33 Gastropholis I52 Sphaerodactylus 252 mertens Amphisbaena 33 Mesaspis 125 Mesobaena 202 metall ica Anadia 40 Anadia metallica 40 Mabuya 200 metall cus Anolis 68 Chalcidolepis 40 mex icanus Corythophanes 101 meyeri Urocentrum 256 i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
288
MIAD-OCUL miadis Ameiva festiva 24 Ameiva undulata 24 Micrablepharus 203 Microblepharus I3 m icrocephalum Leposternon I68 microcephalus Leposternon I68 Microctenus 43 Microdactylus 78, 140 icrolep idotus Tropidurus 27O Microlepis 9O microlepis Enyalioides II5 Enyalius 115 Lathrogecko I6O Microlophus 264 microlophus Tropidurus 268 micropholis Liolaemus 180 M icrophractus 254 microphyllus Phyllodactylus 224 micropunctatus Liolaemus tenuis 195 M icroscalabotes I96 microtus Anolis 60 mildei Amphisbaena 3I m illepunctatus Diploglossus 109 Sphaeriodactylus 253 Sphaerodactylus 253 minima Iguana 149 minimus Cnemidophorus 95 minor Liolaemus nigroviridis rn
191
Mionyx 164 minus Anolis 60 mitchell! Amphisbaena Ji mitratus Basiliscus 84 Brachydactylus 97 Coleonyx 97 mitrella Cristasaura 84 mocquardi Enyalioides 114 Liolaemus I85 "'0'^^^^^
Colobosaurus 99 modestus Gerrhonotus 125 Liolaemus 185 Perodactylus 99 Proctotretus I79 monodactylus Bachia 81 Chalcides 81 "•osstus
Gecko 161 Stenocercus 257
N
molei
Sphaerodactylus 253 nannodes monitor Anolis 60 Tupinambis 272 nasicus Monoplocus 3 Anolis 64 monotropis nasofrontal is Diploglossus IO5 Anolis 6I Scincus IO5 nattereri montanus Eumeces (Mabouya) I58 Celestus 5O Liolaemus signifer I87 neglecta Amphisbaena 34 montícola neglectus Liolaemus 186 Peropus I6I Liolaemus montícola 186 neotrop ical is monticolus 141 Hemidactylus Gerrhonotus 125 neovidanus montium Polychrus 234 Ecpleopus (Phol idobolus) neuquensis 22O Liolaemus altissimus Pholidobolus 220 180
moradoensis Liolaemus altissimus
nitidus Gymnophthalmus 137 Llolaemus I5I Tropidurus I5I nitzschii Draconura 48 Norops 43 notopholis Anolis 62 novocaledon icus Cryptoblepharus boutonii
I3
novohebr id cus Cryptoblepharus boui
tonii I3 Nubilia 140
nuchalis Basiliscus (Cristasau84
ra)
nummifer Anolis 51
Neusticurus 2O5 Neveui
^gg moreleti
Liolaemus variabilis
Gerrhonotus 125 moreleti Gerrhonotus moreleti 126 Morethia I3 morio Chrysosaurus I92 Morunasaurus 204 mosaicus Proctotretus I83 motaguae Cnem idophorus 95 muelleri Hylosaurus I65 mulleri Phyllodactylus 225 mult icar inatus Polychrus (Chaunolaemus) 234 multicolor Liolaemus signifer I9I multiformis Liolaemus 186 Liolaemus multiformis ^gj Proctotretus 186 mult 1 ineatus Cnemidophorus 94 mult imaculatus Liolaemus I87 Proctotretus 187 mult puncta tus Leiosaurus 106 mult iscuta tus Gymnophthalmus I37 munoa Amphisbaena 34 murinus Cnemidophorus 95 Cnemidophorus murinus i
i
i
i
i
^^
Seps 95 Myophila I54 mysorensis Peripia I6I
^^^
nicefori Anadia 245 Anolis 6I Anolis incompertus 6I Phenacosaurus 219 Ptychoglossus 245 niceforoi Ameiva festiva 22 niger Proctotretus I95 nigricauda Amphisbaena 3* nigriceps C tenoblephari s 104 Helocephalus 104 nigricolor
obesus Proctoporus 238 obscurum Lepidophyma flavimaculatum I63 obtus rostr is Anolis 49 Laemanctus 42 occidentalis Ameiva festiva 22 Amphisbaena 34 Amphisbaena occidentai
lis 34
occipitalis Aneuporus 266 Liolaemus I9I Tropidurus 266 Cnemidophorus 94 Tropidurus occipitalis Cnemidophorus lemnisca266 ^"S 94 ocellata n grocollar Anadia 41 *9ama 265 Aporomera 88 n grofasc iatus Cercosaura 9I Phyllodactylus 224 Cercosaura ocellata 9I n grol ineatus ocellatus Anolis 6I Cnemidophorus 102 n gromaculatus Cyrtodactylus 133 Liolaemus I87 Gonatodes I33 gromaculaL iolaemus n Neust curus 2O7 ^us I89 ocellifer Tropidurus 187 Cnemidophorus 95 nigropalmata Euspondylus 121 Mabuya 200 Oreosaurus 239 Pri onodactylus 121 n gropuncta tus Scincus 199 Teius 95 Tupinambis 27I ochrocollar is nigroroseus Lophyrus 23I Liolaemus nigroviridis Plica umbra 23I ockenden I?! nigroviridis Pri onodactylus 236 Liolaemus I9O octostegum Liolaemus nigroviridis Lep idosternon I69 19° Leposternon I69 n tens oculata Anolis 6I Ameiva 88 Anolis n tens 6I Draconura 61 1
1
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
289
OCUL - POLL oculatus Ecpleopus 235 Proctoporus 239 Oedicoryphus 83 oligoporus Cnemidophorus deppei 93 Oligosoma 154 oliv谩cea Argalia 73 Emminia 9I olivaceus Tropidurus 181 olloporus Sceloporus variabilis 25O onca Norops 263 Trop idodactylus 263 Oneyda 90 onychocephalum Lepidosternum 168 Onychopus 140 Ophiodes 209 Ophiognomon 211 oph ophthalmum Lepidophyma I63 Lepidophyma flavimaculatum 163 Ophryesa 275 Ophryessa 275 Ophryoessa 275 Ophryoesso des 212 Ophyessa 275 Opipeuter 216 orcesi Ameiva 23 Oreosaurus 237 orientalis Leposoma southi 166 Liolaemus annectens 187 ornata Ameiva ameiva I9 Aporomera 88 Peripia I6I ornatissima Saccodeira 257 ornatissimus Stenocercus 257 ornatus Leiocephalus 214 Liolaemus I9I Ophryoessoides 214 Ortholaemus I70 ortonii Anolis 62 oshaughnessy Enyalioides II5 Enyalius II5 Prionodactylus 235 oxycephalus Gonatodes I59 Lep idoblephar is I59 Tropidurus I89 oxylophus Anolis 59 Oxytropis 197 i
i
i
P
Pachycercus 148 Pachylobronchus I7
pachypus Anolis 62 pachyura Amphisbaena 25 pachyurus Proctoporus 239 pacificus Sphaerodactylus 253 palearis Ctenosaura II6 Enyal osaurus II6 pallidiceps Bachia 81 Brachypus 81 pallidus Proctotretus I89 palluma Lacerta 227 Phymaturus 227 Phymaturus palluma 227 palmeri Anolis 62 Echinosaura 112 Echinosaura h贸rrida 112 Pri onodactylus 236 palmeus Phyllodactylus 224 palpebralis Enyalioides II5 Enyalius II5 palpebrosus Anolis 58 pamplonensis Anadia 39 panamensis Anolis 62 Echinosaura 112 Echinosaura h贸rrida 112 Panolopus 90 panoplia Bachia 82 panthera Lophyrus 23I pantherinus Liolaemus I92 Pantodactylus 217 papuensis Peripia 141 paraguayens is Dracaena 111 Paraloma 83 paramoensis Phenacosaurus 219 parietale Leposoma I65 parietalis Mionyx I65 Pariocela II9 parkeri Bachia 82 Pantodactylus schreibersii 218 Paroedura 222 paronae Aperopristis I57 Leiosaurus 157 parva Ameiva undulata 24 parvauritus Anolis biporcatus 49 i
pasteuri Gymnodactylus (Gymnodactylus) 146 Homonota 146
patagonicus Phymaturus 227 Phymaturus palluma 22/ paulensis Centropyx I52 Kentropyx I52 paulinae Liolaemus I92 paulista Enyalius catenatus 118 pectinatus Proctotretus 241 peltigerus Hyperanodon 23I pelviceps Centropyx I52 Kentropyx I52 penai
Garthia 124 pentaprion Anolis 62 Anolis pentaprion 62 peraccae Anolis 63 Lep idoblephar s I59 percarinatum Leposoma I65 percarinatus Corytophanes 101 Hylosaurus I65 perfoliatus Stellio 26l pergravis Mabuya 200 Mabuya mabouya 200 pericensis Amphisbaena 35 Perodactylus 99 peruana Bachia 82 peruanus Cnemidophorus IO7 Cophias 82 peruvianus Hemidactylus 142 Polychroides 232 Stellio 267 Tropidurus 267 Tropidurus peruvianus i
267
petenensis Cnemidophorus angusticeps 92 petersi Cercosaura ocellata 9I Gonatodes I33 Lep idosternon I68 Ecpleopus (Oreosaurus) 240
petersi Ameiva I9 Ameiva ameiva I9 Anolis 63 Petra I3 petraei Amphisbaena 35 i
petrei Amphisbaena 35 pfefferi Lep dosternon I69 pfrimeri Sphaerodactylus 96 phacophorus Di scodactylus 224 Phalangoptyon 43 Phenacosaurus 219 phoecaena Lep idosternon 168 Pholidobolus 220 Phol idoscel s I7 Phrynosaura 221 Phyllodactylus 222 Phyllopezus 226 phyllorhinus Anolis 63 Phymaturus 227 picta Agama 118 picticeps Leposoma 245 Ptychoglossus 245 pictus Enyalius 118 Liolaemus I92 Liolaemus pictus I92 Proctotretus I92 Tropidurus 266 Placopsis 43 Placosoma 228 planiceps Anolis 5I Enyalus II5 platei Liolaemus 193 Liolaemus platei I93 Platynotus 264 Platypholis II9 Pleistodon II9 Plestiodon II9 pleurotaenia Ameiva I9 Plica 23O plica Lacerta 23O Plica 23O plicatus Alopoglossus 245 Ptychoglossus 245 Plistodon II9 pl煤mbea Amphisbaena 35 plumifrons Basiliscus 84 Pnoepus 140 Pod nema 27I poeci loch lus Gerrhonotus 73 poec lopleurus Ablepharus I3 Ablepharus boutonii i
i
i
!
i
13
poecilopus Anolis 63 pollicaris Phyllopezus 226 Phyllopezus pollicaris 226
290
POLL-SANC pollicaris Thecadactylus 226 Polychnus 233 Polychroides 232 Polychrus 233 Polycrus 233 polygramm ica Amphisbaena 35 polylepis Anolis 63 polystego ides Leposternon I69 polystegum Lep idosternon I69 Leposternon I69 Poriodogaster 162 praeornatus Tropidurus 268 praesignis Ameiva ameiva 20 Cnem idophorus 20 praestabilis Enyalioides II5 Enyalius II5 prasinus Proctotretus I92 pretrei Amphisbaena 35 pretrii Amphisbaena 35 prezygus Sceloporus 249 princeps Anolis 63 Prionodactylus 235 Prionodus 149 Pristicercus 43 proboscis Anolis 63 Proctoporus 237 Proctotretus 241 Propus 211 proximus Liolaemus (Saccodeira) 185
prunicolor Amphisbaena 35 Amphisbaena prunicolor
pulchella Anadia 41 pulcher Liolaemus I5I pulchra Ame iva 24 Ameiva undulata 24 pulchriceps Anolis 58 pumilis Hemidactylus 141 punctata Amphisbaena I68 Tiliqua 200 Trachylepis (Xystrolepis) 200 punctat iss ยกma Mabouya 200 Liolaemus tenuis I95 punctatus Anolis 64 Anolis punctatus 64 Hemidactylus 141 Hypsibatus 23O purpurescens Anolis 64
i
i
l^eusticurus 2O7
149
Rhinosaurus 43 rhodogaster Liocephalus 213 Q rhodomelas Liocephalus 214 quadr 1 neata Ophryoessoides 214 Ameiva 23 rhombifer Lacerta I37 Anolis 65 quadr 1 ineatus Cercosaura ( Pantodactyl- Cercosaura 41 Coloptychon 100 uj) 217 Gerrhonotus 100 Cnem idophorus 23 Lophyrus 118 Pantodactylus 217 rhombifera quadri vi ttata Anadia 41 Steirolepis 268 Rhytidodeira I7O quadri vi ttatus Riama 237 Tropidurus peruvianus i
i
i
richteri
268
quaggulus Anolis 55 qu inquecarinata Cyclura 116 qu nquecar natus Enyal iosaurus II6 i
i
36
Aporarchus 35 przewalskii Phyllopezus 226 Phyllopezus pollicaris 226 Pseudoameiva I5I Pseudogonatodes 242 pseudot igrinus Anolis 64 Ptenosaura 83 Pterogastenes 125 Pterogasterus I25 Ptychodeira I7O Ptychoglossus 244 Ptychonotus 43 Ptychopleura 23O ptychopleurus Tropidurus I95 Ptychosaurus 23O Ptygoderus 241 Puellula 135
rosea rapicaudus Amphisbaena 25 Thecadactylus 26l rose ventri refulgens Anolis 6I Stenocercus 257 reichi! rosenberg! Anolis 48 Phrynosaura 221 reissii roseus Phyllodactylus 224 Peropus I6I rostratum renggerii Centropyx I52 Lep idosternum I68 rothi resplendens Diploglossus 108 Liolaemus 193 reticulata rozei Arthrosaura 75 Amphisbaena 36 Cercosaura (Pantodactyl-rozellae us) 75 Celestus 90 reticulatum ruatanus Lepidophyma I63 Cnem idophorus lemn!Lepidophyma flavimacscatus 9^^ rubiginosus ulatum I63 rhinolopha Anolis 59 Iguana iguana I49 rubricauda rhinolophus Gymnophthalmus 137 rudis Iguana (Hyps lophus)
racenisi Neusticurus 2O7 rackhami Xenosaurus 277 Xenosaurus grandis 277 radiata Amphisbaena alba 29 radulinus Anolis 64 raf ael Gerrhonotus moreletii 126 rahmi Euspondylus 121 Prionodactylus 121 ramonensis Liolaemus leopardinus i
^84
rapicauda Gekko 261
Tejus 27I
Tupinambis 27I rugiceps Leposoma I65 Loxopholis 155 ruibali Liolaemus 194 ruthveni Ameiva 23 Anolis 56 Cnem dophorus murinus i
95 Lep doblephar
s I59 Macrophol idus 201 rutteni Phyllodactylus 225 i
i
Phenacosaurus 219 ridleyi Amphisbaena J6 Stenolepis 258 rivieri Anolis 58 r ix
R
rufescens
i
Anolis 59 roberti Amphisbaena J6
robertmertens Liolaemus I93 robustos Hemidactylus 143 rodriguezii Anolis 59 Anolis limifrons 59 roeschmann Cnem dophorus 18 roman Tret iosc ncus 262 roquensis Gonatodes vittatus I34 roquet Anolis 65 Lacerta 65 rosaurae Sphaerodactylus 253 i
i
i
i
i
S
sagrae Anolis 65 sagrae! Anol is 65 sagrei Anolis 65 salinicola Tropidurus peruvianus 269 sallaei Anolis 66 salvadorens is Gerrhonotus 126 Gerrhonotus moreletii 126 Salvator 27I salvini Anolis 65 salvini Sceloporus 246 sanctaemartae Lathrogecko I59 Lep doblephari s 159 Lep doblephari s sanctaemartae 160 i
i
i
291
SAPl-TAUN sap id ss ima Iguana 145
sexscutata
Sarea 26 Sauridis 1/0 Sauroscincus 154 Scalabotes I56 scapularis Anolis 65 Gymnodactylus 57 Liocephalus 214 Ophryoesso des 214 Sphaerodactylus 253 scapulatus Cupriguanus 106 Leiosaurus 106 Scartiscus 212 Sceloporus 246 Scelotrema 254 schlegeli Bachia 82 Chalcides 82 schmidti Ctenoblepharis 104 Sceloporus 248 schreibersii Cercosaurus 217 Pantodactylus 217 Pantodactylus schreibers217 schroederi Liolaemus I54 Schwartz Eumeces II5 Scincella 154 scincoides Leposoma I65 scolecoides Bachia 82 Scolecosaurus 78 scutata Cnem idophorus 5* scutigera Amphisbaena I65 scutigerum Leposternon I65 scut ipunctatus Tapinurus 265 scypheus Anolis 66 Scytomycterus 43 sebastiani Tupinambis teguixin 272 seemanni Ptenosaura 84 seigliei Gonatodes 133 semitaeniata Agama 265 sem taen iatus Tropidurus 265 Semiurus 43 septeml ineata Ameiva 23 sericeus Anolis 66 Anolis sericeus 66 serrifer Sceloporus 245 Sceloporus serrifer 245 Sesquipes IS
slirevei
i
Ame iva 23
i
i
i
i
i
i
Proctoporus 240 iderolamprus 5^^ sieversi Liolaemus nigromaculatus I50 signifer Liolaemus 154 Proctotretus 15* silvestrii Amphisbaena 3^ similis Ctenosaura IO5 Ctenosaura similis IO5 Iguana (Ctenosaura) IO5 simonsii Euspondylus 121 Liolaemus I87 Liolaemus multiformis I87 Stenocercus 257 simoterus Emphrassotis 240 Proctoporus 240 sinaitus Hemidactylus 143 siniferus Sceloporus 243 Sceloporus siniferus 245 sinuosum Lep idosternon I65 sladeniae Norops 60 slateri Amphisbaena 37 slevini Amphisbaena 37 smaragdinus Sceloporus 248 Sceloporus formosus 248 Sceloporus malachiticus 248 sminthus Anolis 66 smithii Lepidophyma I63 Lepidophyma flavimaculatum I63 Taraguira 265 solifer Anolis 45 solitarius Anolis 67 south! Leposoma I65 Leposoma southi I66 speciosa Blephar ct s is I38 speciosus Gymnophthalmus I38 Gymnophthalmus speciosus 138 Sphaeriodactylus 25I S
i
i
Sphaerodactylus 25I Sphaerops 233 Sphenocephalus I67 spinalis Euspondylus 122
spinalis Prionodactylus 122 spinosus Doryphorus 255 Hoplocercus 148 spinulosus Gonatodes 133 Gonyodactylus ( Dasyderma) I35 Microlophus 265 Tropidurus 265 spitzi
Elaphrosaura 225 spixi
Amphisbaena 38 spixi
i
Cyrtodactylus 135 Gongylus (Eumeces) I55 Platydactylus 226 splendidus Proctotretus 241 Spondylurus 157 spurcus Phymaturus 227 spurelli Amphisbaena 37 spurrell Polychrus 234 spurrellii Polychrus gutturosus i
234 squaraatulus Anolis 67
squamosa Iguana 145
squamosus Sceloporus 25O squamulatus Anolis 67 stantoni Proctotretus I83 steinbachi Anolis 67 ste ndachneri Amphisbaena 37 Amphisbaena steindachi
neri
37
Steirolepis 264 Steironotus 254 stejnegeri Amphisbaena 38 Plica 265 stellaris Agama 275 Stenocercus 254 Stenolepis 258 stenolepis Euspondylus 122 steyeri Anadia 41 stigmosus Anolis 68 Stirolepis 264 stolzmani Ctenoblepharis 104 stolzmanni Ctenoblepharis 104 Tropidurus 267 Tropidurus occipitalis 267
strangulatus Euspondylus 2O7 Neusticurus 2O7 Neusticurus strangulatus 2O7 strauchi Lep idosternum 168 striata Lacerta 152 striatus Ecpleopus (Oreosaurus) 240 Kentropyx I52 Ophiodes 2O7 Proctoporus 240 Pygopus 2O7 strig ventr is Polychrus 234 Strobilurus 25^ stuarti Anolis 60 Sceloporus melanorhinus 245 i
subocularis Amphisbaena 35 sulcatus Gon odactylus 133 sulcifrons Anolis 62 sumichrast! Epaphelus I38 Eumeces II5 Gymnophthalmus specii
osus I38 Plistodon II5 supere 1 iari s Trachycyclus 265 superciliosa Lacerta 275 Ophryoessa 275 Uranoscodon 多75 surinamensis Alopoglossus cop Euprepis 200 Gecko 261 Neusticurus 2O7 Seps I5 i
i
i
I5
T
Tachybates 140 taeniata Leposoma I65 taeniocnemis Sceloporus 248 Sceloporus malachiticus 248 talpa Bachia 82 taniae Gonatodes 133 Tapinurus 264 Taraguira 264 tarapacensis Tropidurus 263 tatei
Arthrosaura 208 Neusticurus 208 taunayi
Colobodactylus 38
292
TEAP-VIRI teapensis Sceloporus 25O
Teguixm
27I
*^9"""'" Lacer.ta 2/2
Tupinambis 2/2 Tupinambis teguixin 2/2 Teius 260 Tejaporus I7 Tejovaranus 88 '^J" _
Ameiva 260 Tejus 260_ tenuifasciatus Diploglossus 108 ^®""'^ Liolaemus I94 L.olaemus tenuis I95 Proctotretus I94 tessellatus Anolis 56 tetrataenia Mabuia 198
^7°"
,
tricristatus Ophryoessoides 215 tridactylus Chalcides 80 trilineatus Chalcides 81 trinitatis Anolis 68 Anolis trinitatis 68 gachia alleni 79 Scolecosaurus 79 trisanale Ophiognomon 211 tristis Hemidactylus 141 Pachydactylus 26l tristriata Lacerta I9 tritaeniatus ^ejus I9 trochilus Anolis 58 Tropidocephalus 241 Tropidodactylus 263 trop idogaster anolis 68 Tropidogerrhon 125 Tropidogerrhum 125 tropidolepis Anolis 68 tropidonotus Anolis 68 Anolis tropidonotus
^^r^^' Ameiva undulata 24 Tropidurus 27O thoracica bteirolepis 27O thoracicus Tropidurus 27O
Thonctis 111 Thysanodactylus 83 Tiaporus I7 *'9'"'"V^
Anolis 67 9|"'^ .
bteirolepis 269 Tropidurus peruvianus ^°°
"°^9^"* Ameiva ame.va 20 ^°^^9^""= Amiva surinamensis 20 ,
Proctotretus 265 tolimensis Anolis 47 torquatus Leiosaurus 276 btellio 270 Stenocercus 256 Strobilurus 259 Tropidurus 27O Urostrophus 276 townsend. Amphisbaena 35 Amphisbaena occidental ,
35
Anolis 67 '
^^
trachycephalus Holotropis 214 Ophryoesso ides 214 Trachycoelia 43 Trachycyclus 254 Trachyderma I39 trachyderma ^nolis 67 Trachygaster 151 Trachylepis I57 Trachypeltis 125 Trachypilus 43 transíase iatus Anolis 64 transversal is ^^^j,,^ g^ Tret iosc incus 262
Lacerta ^,„ 260 Teius 260 Teius teyou 260 Thecadactylus 261 Thecodactylus 26l theconyx Platydactylus 261 theresiae Tropidurus 269 theresioides Tropidurus 269
*°^l="f'"'
trachodus Neusticurus strangula^^3 20/ trachura' Amphisbaena 3I Amphisbaena darwinii
gg
Liolaemus I87 Tropidopilus 43 Tropidoscincus I54 Tropidurus 264 tschudii Tropidurus 266 tuberculata ^gama hispida 27O
tuberculosus Phyllodactylus 225 Phyllodactylus tuberculosus 225 tumbezanus Cnem idophorus IO7 Tupinambis 27I turcica Lacerta 142 turcicus Hemidactylus 142 Hemidactylus turcicus 142 turmalis Anolis 51 Tutor 27I tyleri
Pantodactylus 75 Typhloblanus 26 U
y^bra Lacerta 23O Plica 23O
P^'"
""-bra
is
Mi-
Amphisbaena 32 Amphisbaena fuliginosa 32
variabilis Liolaemus I87 Sceloporus 25O Sceloporus variabilis 25O
Stenocercus 257 variegatus Leiocephalus (Cranio-
P^His) 26? Phyllodactylus 224 varius Gonatodes I33 Gymnodactylus I33 Stenocercus 257 Vasconcelos i
underwood! Gymnophthalmus I38 Homonota 146 Underwood isaurus I35 undulata Ameiva 23 undulatus Anisolepis 42 Cnem idophorus 23 Laemanctus 42 unicarinatus Tropidurus 231 unicolor Liolaemus I9I Proctoporus 240 Riama 240 uniformis Anolis 56 Anolis uniformis 56 unimarginata Mabuia 200 Uperanodon 23O Uracentron 273 Uranascodon 275 Uraniscodon 275 Uranocentron 273 Uranoscodon 275 Urocentron 273 Urocentrum 273 Urosaura 228 Urostrophus 276 Urotrophus 276 uruguayensis Homonota I47 Wallsaurus I47 ustus Anolis 66 Anol is ser iceus 66 V
valdesianus L
varia
Abroma
23I
Iguana I49
tuberculatum Uraniscodon 23I tuberculatus Neusticurus on-, 2O7
valdivianus Leiosaurus 2/6 valeriae Urostrophus 2/6 vanzolinii Amphisbaena 38
iolaemus leopard inus 185
i
14
Gerrhonotus 14 vautieri Urostrophus 276 Velernesia 140 venezuelanus Sphaerodactylus 253 ventralis Phyllodactylus 225 ventr imaculatus Anolis 69 Proctoporus 240 veraepacis Anolis ustus 58 vermiculapis Amphisbaena 38 vermiformis Ophiognomon 211 P^opus 211 verrucosus ^ecko I43 verruculatus Gecl<o 143 versteegii Arthrosaura 75 vertebralis Cercosaura (Pantodactylus) 236 Ophiodes 2O9 Pr ionodactylus 236 Vert icaria 92 v llari cens is Liolaemus monticola 18^ violaceus Anolis 64 virescens Polychrus 234 virgatus Euprepes (Mabuia) I98 viridiaeneus Anolis 5* viridis Anolis 64 '9"ana I49 Teius 260 i
293 V IR 1- ZONA V
i
r
¡
d
i
ss ¡mus
X¡phocercus 43
Anolis 64 V
¡
V
i
V
i
r d i
i
X
str iga
Bas
i
1
1
i
i
pfiosurus 43
¡
scus 84
Centropyx I5I Cnem dophorus 55 Gonatodes 134 Gonatodes vittatus 134 Gymnodactylus 134 Hemidactylus 141 V
i
phosurus Lophyrus 275 Xiphura 273 Xystrolepis 197 X
Centropyx 152 Kentropyx 152 ttata Anadia 41 Lacerta I52 ttatus
yacupo Oph¡odes 210 yucatan icus Norops 68 i
tt igerus
Anolis (Dracontura) 58 vogl Ameiva ameiva 20 vulgar is Ameiva I5 i
Amphisbaena 32 Iguana 149 W
zapallarens s Liolaemus n¡gromaculai
tus 190
zerny Coleodactylus 9^ zeylan ¡cus Seps 19 zona tus Enyal¡us 118 Liolaemus signifer 194 i
walkeri Liolaemus 1/9 Liolaemus alticolor 1/9 Wallsaurus 145
waiters Laemanctus 153 Laemanctus longipes 153 wellbornae Anol is ustus 66 Werner i
Artiiroseps 76 Phrynosaura 221
Uracentron 2/4 whitii Homonota I47 w ed i
i
Amphisbaena fuliginosa 32 w iegmann
i
Oactyloa 57 w iegmann
i
i
Liolaemus 195 Proctotretus I95 w ¡11 iams
i
Anol is 69 w ¡11 iamson ¡
Kentropyx I52 wood Anol¡s 69 Anol ¡s wood 69 wucherer Lep¡dosternon I69 Leposternon I69 ¡
i
i
xanthost igma Lathrogecl<o I6O Lep doblephar is I6O Steirolep¡s 268 i
Xenosaurus 277 Xestosaurus 39 xestus Op¡peuter 216 U.S.
GOVERNMENT PRINTTNG OFFICE: 1970
O— 369-215