EMSOP Chronicles Vol.16 Issue 1 (Fall 2024)

ERNEST MARIO SCHOOL OF PHARMACY VOL.16 ISSUE 1 DECEMBER 2024

EMSOP

CHRONICLES x brought to you by Pharmacy Governing Council

What’s New at EMSOP Chronicles?

Zucchini Bread Recipe

Table of Contents Cardiomyopathy; Sunscreen........2 Advertising; Telepharmacy .......... 3 Med Shortage, Phenylephrine...... 4 Motorway, Academia ................... 5 HoEMSOPxPLS ......................6-13 GLP-1, Advertising ................... 14 Academia, Mental Health .......... 15 Advice Column ......................16-17 Pets, Travel Blog........................ 18 Art/Meme Wall, Halloween ........ 19 Cartoon, Credits......................... 20

Congratulations to EMSOP Chronicles for winning the Rx Olympics this year, and thank you to the Pharmacy Governing Council for hosting such a wonderful event!

Competing against other EMSOP clubs and organizations was an exhilerating experience, with games that exuded fierce competition amongst all members of EMSOP. Contestants started off the Rx Olympics with the pill bottle game, with teams of 4 counting and filling prescriptions of Skittles in a heated race against the clock. Soon after was guessing medications based on a series of emojis, and the evening ended with a round of Kahoot to win the final prize. From trivia questions about EMSOP to fun facts about EMSOP faculty, the points all tallied up and gave us our big win for this year’s Rx Olympics!

This semester, we’ve received numerous submissions from EMSOP students, ranging from gauging questions to creative outlooks. Take a look through the latest additions to our newsletter, along with articles written by our fellow E-board members!

By: JoAnn Liu, P2 Ingredients: 3 cups all purpose flour 1 teaspoon salt 1 teaspoon baking soda 1 teaspoon baking powder 1 teaspoon ground cinnamon 3 eggs 1 cup vegetable oil 2 ¼ cups white sugar or 3 teaspoons vanilla extract 2 cups grated zucchini Optional: 1 cup chopped walnuts 1/8 or ¼ cup of water (added after all ingredints are mixed) Directions: 1. Grease and flour two 8x4 inch pans.

Preheat oven to 325 degrees F (165 degrees C) 2. Sift flour, salt, baking powder, soda, and cinnamon together in a bowl.

3. Beat eggs, oil, vanilla, and sugar together in a large bowl. Add sifted ingredients to the creamed mixture and beat well.

Stir in zucchini and nuts until well combined. Add the water and mix completely.

Pour batter into prepared pans.

4. Bake for 40 to 60 minutes, or until tester inserted in the center comes out clean. Cool in pan or rack for 20 minutes.

Remove bread from pan, and cool completely.

Estimated Time: Prep: 20 min Cook: 1 hr Ready in: 1 hr 40 min

Revolutionary Robotic Technology Offers New Hope for Treating Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy

by Carla Arca-Sedda, P3 Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy or ACM is a devastating disease which contributes to the majority of sudden cardiac arrests in young adults. The only current curative treatment available for those with this inherited disease is a heart transplant. In an exciting study led by Dr. Jason Maynes at SickKids, along with Drs. Yu Sun and Xinyu Liu from the University of Toronto Robotics Institute, an innovative robotic technology has enabled scientists to test multiple potential therapeutics for ACM for the first time.1 The technology required to make the treatment of ACM possible has not been developed, limiting the use of therapeutic agents used for treatment. Microinjection into dynamic beating heart tissue has been a challenge faced because the 3-dimensional movement of the heart makes it difficult to inject molecules. Researchers in the past have been unable to inject into the beating cardiomyocyte tissue rapidly and accurately without causing significant damage.

Photo Credit: https://www.clinicaladvisor.com/reports/cardiogenicshock-myocarditis/

To combat this issue, the research team was able to generate a small robot capable of inserting a fluorescent molecule into drug-treated hearts with enough precision and speed, making it possible for doctors to analyze the efficacy of the drug.2 This tiny robot uses a unique 3D-imaging system paired with a specialized z-shaped micropipette. With the use of this new technology, researchers were able to identify five potential therapies for the treatment of ACM, bringing hope to many patients expecting heart transplantations.3 This innovation provides hope for many patients and families affected by ACM but

holds promise for many other heart diseases beyond. The future of the healthcare space is driving towards focusing on each individual's disease state rather than using standard procedures for general conditions.

Using a robot to assess specific drug screenings for each individual patient is incredibly valuable as therapies may vary in their efficacy between patients. This robot makes it possible for doctors to determine ways in which they can treat every unique patient effectively, possibly eliminating the need for many patients to receive heart transplants and other invasive procedures.4 References 1. Precision robotics offers hope for heart disease treatment. Science Daily. http://www.sciencedaily.com. Published October 30th, 2024. Accessed November 10th, 2024.

2. Robotic innovation transforms heart disease treatment approach at SickKids. The Hospital for Sick Children.https://science.leap-forward.ca. Published October 29th, 2024. Accessed November 10th, 2024.

3. Wenkun Dou, Guanqiao Shan, Qili Zhao, et al. Robotic manipulation of cardiomyocytes to identify gap junction modifiers for arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. Science Robotics. Published October 23rd, 2024. Accessed November 10th, 2024. DOI: 10.1126/scirobotics.adm8233 4. An advanced robotic system at The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids) is changing the way physicians and scientists approach treatments for heart disease. Health Tech World. https://www.htworld.co.uk. Published October 31, 2024. Accessed November 10th, 2024.

Choosing the Best Line of Defense Against the Sun: Mineral vs. Chemical Sunscreen

by Radiya Rahman, P1

Photo Credit: https://www.freepik.com/premium-vector/sunprotection-products-30-50-vector-graphics_29880041.htm

Over the past few years, sunscreen has been a staple in social media content, with influencers reviewing and promoting all types of sunscreens to viewers. There are many factors to consider when choosing from endless options, the most important

2

being the ingredients. Mineral and chemical sunscreens are the most common distinctions between them, so let’s discuss what they are and how they differ.

Mineral sunscreens act as a shield on the skin after application. They sit on the skin to absorb or reflect UV rays, usually consisting of zinc oxide or titanium dioxide.1 They work immediately, can be applied right before sun exposure, and are suitable for people with sensitive skin.2 They sometimes leave behind a visible white residue on the skin, or a “white cast,” and have a heavier consistency than chemical sunscreen.2 With chemical sunscreen’s lighter consistency and compounds such as oxybenzone, octisalate, octinoxate, and avobenzone, they can absorb UV rays from sun exposure into the skin.1 They don’t leave a noticeable residue on the skin and don’t usually clog pores as well. Chemical sunscreens should be applied 20-30 minutes

before sun exposure, as they are not immediately effective and are not recommended for people with sensitive skin.2 Additionally, some environmental risk factors are associated with chemical sunscreens, particularly those that contain oxybenzone and octinoxate.2 While mineral and chemical sunscreens have pros and cons, having one sunscreen you can use regularly is ideal for sun protection, premature aging, and skin cancer.

Skin sensitivity, appearance, compounds, and other factors can contribute to what kind of sunscreen is right for you. Considering these factors will help promote sun protection and encourage the use of sunscreen regularly.

References 1. Walsh A. Mineral vs. Chemical Sunscreen: Which Is Better for Your Skin?

GoodRx Health. 2024 2. Mineral vs. chemical sunscreens. Baylor College of Medicine. 2024

Direct to Consumer Advertising’s Impact on the Public Opinion of the Pharmaceutical Industry

By Amrita Tejwani, P2 There are many conflicting views on the role of the pharmaceutical industry within the United States’ healthcare system. It is of unanimous opinion that the pharmaceutical industry has no role in defining specific illnesses or conditions, even though the industry indirectly finds methods to do so.1 As a result, the public tends to view the pharmaceutical industry negatively as a whole. There are many methods for the pharmaceutical industry to improve its standing in the overall public eye, and increase its positive impact, especially regarding advertising and public messaging in the industry.

A major issue is direct-to-consumer (DTC) advertising, where pharmaceutical companies promote their products to patients Photo Credit: https://publichealth.jhu.edu/2023/the-dangers-of-unregulated-drug-ads without medical intervention or care, such 2 information about diseases and cures, al- sions regarding their care.1 As a result, conas through TV ads. A major benefit of lowing patients to make informed deciDTC advertising is the dissemination of Continued on page 14

The Rise of Telepharmacy: Transforming Access to Medications

by Maria Ghaly, P1

Photo Credit: https://www.pbahealth.com/elements/how-to-start-atelepharmacy/

By giving patients easy access to effective pharmacy services, telepharmacy is changing the face of healthcare, especially in underprivileged communities. According to a study conducted in the United Arab Emirates, the COVID-19 pandemic sped up its emergence by emphasizing the quick deployment of telepharmacy to preserve healthcare continuity and lower the danger of virus transmission1. The study highlighted how telepharmacy might improve drug management by reducing in-person interactions and guaranteeing patients followed their treatment programs.

Telepharmacy has also become popular in the United States. By providing services like remote consultations, e-prescriptions, and pharmaceutical treatment monitoring, it enables pharmacists to function more flexibly in a changing healthcare environment (Massaro, 2024)2. This adaptability includes extending business hours, which enables pharmacists to better serve patients' requirements.

Furthermore, telepharmacy has proven to be beneficial in promoting fair access to healthcare. It has the potential to alleviate

pharmacy deserts, especially in rural areas, and assist patients who have transportation or mobility issues, according to research published in Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy3.

Telepharmacy still has obstacles in spite of its potential. To maximize its application, regional regulatory disparities and data privacy issues demand immediate attention.

To standardize procedures and create strong digital infrastructures, legislators and healthcare stakeholders must work together.

A paradigm change in pharmacy practice is indicated by the ongoing development of telepharmacy. It provides a patient-centered strategy that satisfies the demands of contemporary healthcare by filling up access gaps, guaranteeing that no one is denied necessary pharmacy services.

References 1. Jirjees F, Odeh M, Aloum L, Kharaba Z, Alzoubi KH, Al-OBAIDI HJ. The rise of telepharmacy services during the COVID-19 pandemic: A comprehensive assessment of services in the United Arab Emirates. Pharmacy Practice. 2022;20(2):02-11. doi:https://doi.org/10.18549/pharmpract.2022.2.2634 2. Massaro L. Telepharmacy Empowers Pharmacists Practicing in a Changing Landscape. Drug Topics. 2024;02. Accessed December 4, 2024. https:// www.drugtopics.com/view/telepharmacy-empowers-pharmacists-practicingin-a-changing -landscape 3. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy | Journal | ScienceDirect. com by Elsevier. www.sciencedirect.com. https://www.sciencedirect.com/ journal/research-in-social-and-administrative-pharmacy

3

Navigating the Crisis: How Hospitals are Managing Medication Shortages

by Riya Mankad, P3 As medication shortages continue to challenge healthcare systems across the country, the implications on patient care are significant. Hospitals are facing increased pressure to adapt their treatment protocols in response to these shortages, which can arise from various factors including manufacturing delays, recalls, and supply chain disruptions. These challenges not only impact the availability of essential medications but also require healthcare providers to find innovative solutions to ensure that patients receive the care they need.

One significant shortage that has affected hospitals nationally is 0.9% Sodium Chloride or normal saline (NS). Baxter, a major supplier of small and large volume intravenous (IV) fluids, recently sustained damage to their North Cove plant due to Hurricane Helene affecting southeastern states.

This created significant delays, and ultimately shortages, in their fluid manufacturing.1 These fluids are essential for maintaining hydration and delivering medications in various clinical settings, particularly for patients requiring IV therapy only.

In response, the FDA has authorized Baxter to extend the expiration dates on various product codes, allowing hospitals to utilize existing stock without the need for relabeling.2 Additionally, healthcare providers are exploring alternative medication delivery methods, such as using IV push systems, which require less fluids as compared to IV piggyback systems.

Providers are also considering oral, intramuscular (IM), or subcutaneous (SQ) ad-

by Joanna Kusmierski, P3

Photo Credit: https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/06/opinion/drugshortages-pharmaceuticals.html

ministration in patients who do not require IV administration.

The shortage of Potassium Phosphate (KPhos) has also posed challenges, primarily due to manufacturing delays at Pfizer and Fresenius Kabi which have led to increased demands.3 K-Phos is crucial for maintaining electrolyte balance in patients, particularly those receiving IV nutrition or experiencing severe deficiencies. To manage this shortage, hospitals are implementing switches from IV to oral administration wherever possible.3 This approach allows for the continued delivery of necessary care without significant disruption, optimizing the use of available resources while continuing to meet patient needs.

Another medication in critical shortage is Alteplase Injections, marketed as Cathflo Activase. Cathflo Activase is used primarily for opening up occluded central venous catheters. This shortage in these line flushes is due to the manufacturer Genentech issuing a voluntary recall of a few batches because of defective stoppers.4 Healthcare providers are working around this shortage by utilizing alternative medications for line management such as Heparin or NS, prioritizing the use of Cathflo

only when absolutely necessary.4 This strategic adjustment reflects the adaptability required within clinical settings to uphold patient safety and care standards even during supply disruptions.

The ongoing medication shortages faced by hospitals demand a proactive and flexible approach to patient care. By implementing alternative treatment strategies and fostering collaboration among healthcare providers, suppliers, and regulatory agencies, hospitals are navigating these crises more effectively. Prominent pharmacy organizations such as American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP) and the FDA have also created databases and guidelines to assist hospitals in addressing and overcoming these drug shortages. The resilience demonstrated in the face of these challenges highlights the critical importance of adaptive practices in maintaining quality healthcare, ensuring that patients receive the necessary medications even amid supply disruptions. Ultimately, while these shortages pose challenges, the availability of alternative treatments helps to mitigate their overall impact on patient care.

References 1. Drug Shortage Detail: 0.9% Sodium Chloride Small Volume Bags (< 150 mL). www.ashp.org. Published 2016. Accessed November 3, 2024. https:// www.ashp.org/drug-shortages/current-shortages/drug-shortage-detail.aspx? id=1108 2. Fluid Shortages - Suggestions for Management and Conservation-ASHP. www.ashp.org. Accessed November 3, 2024. https://www.ashp.org/drugshortages/shortage-resources/publications/fluid-shortages-suggestions-formanagement-and-conservation 3. Drug Shortage Detail: Potassium Phosphate Injection. www.ashp.org. Published 2016. Accessed November 3, 2024. https://www.ashp.org/drug-shortages/current-shortages/drug-shortage-detail.aspx?id=305 4. Drug Shortage Detail: Alteplase Injection (Cathflo Activase). www.ashp. org. Accessed November 3, 2024. https://www.ashp.org/drug-shortages/current-shortages/drug-shortage-detail.aspx?id=1065

Not-So Phenyle-forever?

Amidst the flu season, the FDA proposed to remove phenylephrine, an active ingredient in many decongestants, off the shelves of drug stores. In September 2023, an advisory committee deemed that phenylephrine is ineffective when taken as liquid or oral formulation, and is only effective as a nasal spray.1 Available data showed that phenylephrine performed no better than placebo in congestion relief Photo Credit: https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2017/04/20/524376484/dont-give-kids-cough-syrup-or-pain-meds-that-contain-codeinewhen taken orally.2 fda-says So, what now? Pharmaceutical companies References option is to use alternatives such as pseu- 1. Dunleavy, K. (2024, November 8). FDA proposes ban on main ingredient in many OTC dewill have to reformulate current drugs or congestants. Fierce Pharma. https://www.fiercepharma.com/pharma/fda-proposes-ban-maindoephedrine to relieve congestion due to ingredient-many-otc-decongestants 2. FDA proposes ban on a “useless” decongestant, phenylephrine - physician’s Weekly. Physicompletely remove them from the market. cian’s Weekly - A trusted source of medical information for healthcare professional. (2024, allergies or the common cold.

November 8). https://www.physiciansweekly.com/fda-proposes-ban-on-a-useless-decongesAs for us consumers and patients? Our best tant-phenylephrine/

4

Medicine on the Motorway

by Sam Jacob, P1

Photo Credit: https://stopdwi.org/news/driving-sober-free-image-resources/

When looking at the demographic of older people that are drivers, we see that many of them are prescribed medications that can impair driving ability. What happens when these medications, designed to manage pain or anxiety, contribute to motor vehicle crashes? A recent study led by Dr. Andrew R. Zullo, published in JAMA Network, examines how older adults' drug use changes after a motor vehicle accident (MVC), focusing on potentially driving impairing (PDI) medications, such as benzodiazepines, non-benzodiazepine hypnotics and opioid painkillers. They found that 77.6% of people who were prescribed a PDI before the crash continued to have them prescribed to them afterwards. Surprisingly, the rate of initiation of certain PDI medications, such as opioids and benzodiazepines, after accidents actually in-

by Sakshi Shah, P1

creased, which may stem from pain or anxiety from the accident itself.

This study highlights a gap in clinical response to these crash incidents since current practices show minimal reductions in PDI use and only a small portion of drivers involved in crashes discontinue these medications. This may stem from a lack of clinician awareness about the crash or limited guidance on how to adjust the pharmacotherapy for older patients to minimize future risks. Bridging this gap requires not only increased clinician awareness but also a collaborative approach to managing PDI medications.

However, addressing this issue is also not without its ethical complexities. Medications like benzodiazepines, antidepressants, and opioids are often needed for managing chronic pain, anxiety, and de-

pression, which affect quality of life and are essential for a wide range of individuals. Dr. Zullo’s conclusions highlight the potential driving risks that these drugs pose, but choosing to reduce or discontinue them brings up an ethical dilemma: prioritizing public safety might limit an individual’s access to necessary treatments. Balancing these concerns requires delicate clinical guidance that considers both the safety of older drivers and their need for treatment.

Pharmacists play a crucial role in navigating the ethical balance between care and public safety as well as bridging the gap in communication when it comes to PDI medications. By working closely with patients and prescribers, pharmacists can help find safer alternatives or adjust dosages.

Educating patients about PDI risks enables them to make informed choices, and advising on dose timing can minimize impairment while maintaining therapeutic benefits. Therefore, addressing the risks of PDI medications for older drivers requires a collaborative approach. Studies like Dr. Zullo’s bring these challenges to light, urging healthcare providers, especially pharmacists, to bridge the gap by supporting both the well-being of older adults and the safety of the broader community.

References 1. Zullo AR, Riester MR, D’Amico AM, et al. Medication Changes Among Older Drivers Involved in Motor Vehicle Crashes. JAMA Netw Open.

2024;7(10):e2438338. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.38338 2. Hetland AJ, Carr DB, Wallendorf MJ, Barco PP. Potentially Driver-Impairing (PDI) Medication Use in Medically Impaired Adults Referred for Driving Evaluation. Annals of Pharmacotherapy. 2014;48(4):476-482. doi:10.1177/1060028014520881 3. Hetland A, Carr DB. Medications and Impaired Driving. Annals of Pharmacotherapy. 2014;48(4):494-506. doi:10.1177/1060028014520882

The Factory of Academic Research

The bubble of medical academia has persisted for long, but with Paper Mills and AI, the right to accurate information has been threatened. As pharmacy students, our go-to source for information is Pubmed, a database of articles from a plethora of scientific journals. We rely on these scientific journals to make decisions about disease diagnoses and treatments, but if this foundation is corrupt, our research is also futile, and maybe even harmful.

Paper mills are a “business that publishes poor or fake journal papers that seem to

black markets of journal services shine.

Not only students and academics, but also those who may wish to spread a certain agenda can use this method to infiltrate scientific literature under the guise of scholarly information. This is seen first hand during Covid when vaccination opponents claimed that the antiparasitic drug Photo Credit: https://www.istockphoto.com/vector/abstract-openschoolbook-with-icons-of-school-subjects-gm1242139791-362769806 ivermectin had properties that would 1 resemble genuine research.” Why might stump the virus. Unfortunately, 3% of the 2 students and early researchers employ a published articles are paper milled. The service like this? When the prestige of hav- concomitant use of AI has made it ridicuing a published journal outweighs the patContinued on page 15 in-the-back for honest and slow work, the

5

Dr. Lauren Aleksunes Interviewed by Sreya Rajeesh Goals and mentorship Reflecting on her academic career, Dr. Aleksunes finds her greatest rewards in helping students reach their goals, from achieving their first publication to getting awarded at a conference to earning their degrees. Inspired by her mother, a primary school teacher, Dr. Aleksunes sees mentorship as a way to guide the next generation and finds their enthusiasm refreshing. She also values the freedom of academia, where she can pursue scientific questions of her own choosing—a contrast to the more structured focus found in industry.

Photo: Dr. Lauren Aleksunes (left) and Sreya Rajeesh (right)

Support from PLS in professional journey Dr. Aleksunes … attributes much of her foundational leadership and service skills to her involvement in PLS. While internships shaped her research direction, her experience with PLS provided hands-on leadership opportunities—running committees, holding officer roles, and managing both established and innovative initiatives.

This involvement helped her learn to navigate protocols, adapt them when needed, and eventually build new programs. … Learning to unify people toward a shared goal, even amid differing interests, prepares students to handle the complexities of professional life—a skill set she finds essential for any leader in pharmacy.

6

Vincent Lam

Interviewed by Timothy Wong Tips for students who want to pursue a PGY-1 While getting involved is important, it's equally as important to do things you are passionate about. In terms of the application process, students want to be well-prepared for the open sessions and interviews. Programs care deeply about personality and want students who are willing to learn. … students should take part in experiences on rotations [and] take advantage of it because [these experiences can help [students] further down the road.

Photo: Vincent Lam

Photo: Timothy Wong

The role of upperclassmen in mentorship The supportive environment at EMSOP provided a significant foundation for Vincent’s growth. He was surrounded by understanding peers and upperclassmen who encouraged him to get involved. Upperclassmen were crucial in mentoring Vincent and fostering a culture of giving back and mutual growth at EMSOP. This sense of belonging and support pushed Vincent to embrace challenges and inspired him to give back and mentor younger students. … His experiences solidified his resilience, leadership, and sense of responsibility, which will continue to shape his professional path. EMSOP’s environment of mentorship, encouragement, and active participation was instrumental in helping him grow into a capable and confident leader.

7

Dr. Luigi Brunetti Interviewed by Yumi Sato

Networking in pharmacy Dr. Brunetti attributes much of his professional success to the supportive network provided by organizations like Phi Lambda Sigma (PLS) and the Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy (EMSOP). These groups played a pivotal role in creating an environment where collaboration and mentorship thrived. … By engaging with alumni, faculty, and peers within these networks, Dr. Brunetti found not only mentors but also colleagues who shared his vision for the future of pharmacy.

Photo: Dr. Luigi Brunetti

The impact of mentorship on profession Starting with a bachelor's degree in biology, Dr. Brunetti initially worked for a medical communications company, managing programs focused on improving patient adherence to medications. It was during this time that he encountered a life-changing mentor, Dr. Gambino, a PharmD/MD, who inspired him to pursue pharmacy. A humorous and memorable turning point in his career occurred when Dr. Gambino took it upon himself to submit Dr. Brunetti's pharmacy school application, which had been sitting on his desk. This decisive gesture set him on the path to becoming a pharmacist.

8

Meha Pandejee

Interviewed by Meghana Rajesh PLS chapter and PLS Leader Academy cohort [One] of the best things as a PLS member are the opportunities to build connections with PLS alumni! Meha is also involved in the National PLS chapter and is part of the PLS Leader Academy cohort for this year. … She finds that being part of PLS at EMSOP provided her valuable opportunities for advocacy and connecting with peers in her class. Being a part of this small, close-knit group also allowed Meha to build good friendships and meaningful connections through PLS at EMSOP.

Photo: Meghana Rajesh

Photo: Meha Pandejee

Internships and the interview process We had a great conversation about internships, during which she shared insights about her application journey and her current internship. … One piece of advice that really stood out to me was her reminder to be yourself during the interview. She encouraged me to relax, laugh, and remember that the interviewer is also human— they've been through the same process and are just people.

9

Lindsey Tran

Interviewed by Kaitlyn Liu Current role in pharmacy As an Associate Manager in Regulatory Affairs Advertising and Promotion at Regeneron, Lindsey plays a crucial role in ensuring the compliance of promotional materials within the pharmaceutical industry. Her primary responsibility involves reviewing commercial materials, such as television advertisements, sales aids, and social media content, to guarantee adherence to stringent FDA regulations.

Throughout the week, Lindsey works closely with cross-functional teams to provide timely regulatory guidance and support. This includes assessing promotional materials for accuracy, clarity, and potential regulatory risks.

By proactively identifying and mitigating compliance issues, Lindsey helps contribute to the successful launch and promotion of Regeneron products while safeguarding patient safety and public health.

Photo: Lindsey Tran

PLS and professional development EMSOP's rigorous curriculum and emphasis on experiential learning prepared her to excel in the competitive pharmaceutical industry. The program's focus on industry trends and contemporary challenges, coupled with opportunities for networking and collaboration, made her stand out as a strong candidate for the Rutgers Institute for Pharmaceutical Industry Fellowship, as compared to other candidates from different schools. With the help of EMSOP and its support system, she was able to secure a Post-Doctoral fellowship at Novo Nordisk within Regulatory Affairs. After completing one year of the Post-Doctoral fellowship, Lindsey successfully earned a position at Regeneron as Associate Manager within Regulatory Affairs - Advertising and Promotion.

10

Aagna Patel

Interviewed by Megha Raj Building a network of leaders The Pharmaceutical Leadership Society (PLS) supported Aagna’s professional journey, as she learnt a lot from the other leaders that surrounded her. She was able to learn from the leadership and working styles of her peers, and they were all able to push each other. Each of them held leadership positions in different organizations, which allowed them to share ideas and help each other out. By working closely together with her peers, Aagna was able to develop her communication and collaboration skills through PLS. During Aagna’s time at EMSOP, she was heavily involved with AMCP, IPHO, and AMCP, as these organizations aligned the most with her future goals. Her role as the president of AMCP was one of her most memorable moments from her time here at EMSOP, as she found the whole year to be rewarding and fulfilling. She made lots of fun memories surrounded by good people, which had a lasting impact on her professional journey.

Photo: Aagna Patel

A day in the life of a pharmacist Aagna finds the unpredictable nature of the pharmaceutical industry to be the most enjoyable part of her career.

She likes the fact that no two days are the same, which provides a sense of novelty to each day. She also enjoys working with the other functional areas as a part of working in the industry. She is able to collaborate with many different people on a daily basis. Aagna advises pharmacy students looking to pursue a career in the pharmaceutical industry to explore the various opportunities there are to gain experience and exposure to the field.

She believes that the best way to know if industry is for you is to gain hands-on experience and not close off any opportunities.

11

Sunaina Mukherjee

Interviewed by Madelaine Mendoza The importance of pharmaceuticals in biotechnology Sunaina is a Pipeline Strategy and Asset Landscape Analyst Intern at Schrodinger. Schrodinger is a biotechnology company that specializes in computational modeling for drug discovery, with many drugs in their pipeline focused on oncology, immunology, and neurology. She is responsible for performing indication analysis of clinical trials and various pipelines in order to determine if a drug for a certain therapeutic area should be pursued.

Her daily responsibilities include competitive landscape analysis, primary literature review, and collaboration with multiple scientists of different disciplines, many of whom do not have a background in pharmacy. Her team ranges from structural biologists to medicinal chemists, and she enjoys witnessing their skills be applied in realtime. She notes that being the only colleague with a pharmaceutical background can be a lot of pressure, since she holds more responsibility in identifying opportunities for drug discovery. However, she appreciates the greater value and impact that comes with it.

Photo: Sunaina Mukherjee

Connecting skills from school to work One of [Sunaina’s] fondest memories at PLS was coordinating a leadership retreat with all of the EMSOP organizations where students were taught about the basics of networking, collaboration, and leadership. Because of the creative liberty and opportunities to impact future leaders, she believes her experience at PLS was most definitely a pivotal point in her professional journey. She also emphasizes that her opportunities to work with other organizations are very analogous to the professional world. At her current job, she is working with colleagues of many different backgrounds and experiences, but they are all working towards the same goal with the same motivation and mindset to lead and make an impact.

12

Check out more from these interviews on our Instagram!

Instagram: @humansofemsop

Instagram: @rutgerspls

Email: emsopchronicles@gmail.com

Email: rutgerspls@gmail.com

Thank you to PLS for collaborating with us this semester!

The Lambda Chapter of Phi Lambda Sigma, also known as the National Pharmacy Leadership Society, was established in 1982 at the Rutgers University College of Pharmacy. Our mission is to promote and acknowledge the development of leadership qualities among student pharmacists. We aim to support pharmacy leadership commitment by recognizing leaders and fostering leadership development.

13

Compounding GLP-1s: Too Good to Be True?

by Anisha Desai, P2 As use and demand of GLP-1 agonists rise, manufacturers of popular weight loss and antidiabetic drugs Wegovy, Ozempic, Zepbound, and Mounjaro struggle to meet demand, placing active ingredients semaglutide and tirzepatide on the FDA’s list of drugs in shortage. GLP-1s are used as extremely effective weight loss medications whose action is mediated by agonism of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP1) which causes delayed gastric emptying and inhibiting glucagon production from pancreatic α-cells if blood sugar levels are high.1 High demand for these drugs has caused compounded GLP-1s to enter the market.

These drugs claim to be custom doses for patients and offer a cheaper way for patients to obtain these drugs. Compounding pharmacies using raw ingredients bought overseas allows for much lower costs than those set by Novo Nordisk and Eli Lilly for their medications.4 A Yale University study determined that compounded semaglutide could be profitably made for less than $5 a month, an astounding decrease from $968.52 for a month’s supply of Ozempic.2 However, these drugs do not pass the rigorous testing process required by the FDA. Compounding pharmacies are subject to oversight by the FDA, but their products are not directly approved. Additionally, the FDA has received notice of adverse drug reactions due to dosing errors or inappro-

Photo Credit:

Photo Credit: https://carolinapharmacy.com/7-benefits-of-an-independent-compounding-pharmacy/

priate prescribing. Patients are required to draw up their own doses from a vial using a syringe. Patients who are unfamiliar with this process could be at risk for these kinds of errors. Compounding medications are also prescribed in doses that exceed what is approved by the FDA, leading to characteristic side effects associated with overdosing a GLP-1, including nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain and constipation.3 Patients should take care to understand where their medications are coming from.

They should be wary of websites where they do not have to meet with providers in order to receive their medications. Services

which allow patients to fill out a questionnaire as adequate information to receive medications should be considered unreliable sources. Sources which claim to dispense salt versions of semaglutide such as semaglutide sodium or semaglutide acetate are not known to have the same effects as semaglutide. At this time, salt forms do not have any lawful use in therapy.3

more likely to prescribe a drug only because a patient mentions it, and how can the pharmaceutical industry mitigate this opinion?

There are a considerable number of ways for the pharmaceutical industry to mitigate the negative opinions surrounding directto-consumer advertising. A major argument against direct-to-consumer advertising is the belief that consumers will begin to create illnesses and disease states that would not have otherwise existed.4 To change this opinion, pharmaceutical companies could put out solely informational advertisements that discuss certain disease states as well as various existing treatment options. Another major belief is that doctors will prescribe drugs based on what a patient recommends.5 By creating a dis-

claimer in the advertisements stating that doctors will only prescribe what is appropriate, pharmaceutical companies may be able to mitigate this negative impact. There are numerous options for the pharmaceutical industry to be seen in a more positive light by the US healthcare system by targeting the overall messaging of its advertisements.

References 1. Collins L, Costello RA. Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists. [Updated 2024 Feb 29]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK551568/ 2. Barber MJ, Gotham D, Bygrave H, Cepuch C. Estimated Sustainable Cost-Based Prices for Diabetes Medicines. JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(3):e243474. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.3474 3. FDA.gov. FDA’s Concerns with Unapproved GLP-1 Drugs Used for Weight Loss. Updated 10/2/2024. Accessed November 11 2024. https://www.fda.gov/drugs/postmarket-drug-safetyinformation-patients-and-providers/fdas-concerns-unapproved-glp-1-drugs-used-weight-loss 4. Gilbert D, Amenabar T. What to know about cheaper, imitation weight-loss drugs. The Washington Post. July 18 2024. https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2024/07/18/glp1ozempic-semaglutide-compounded/

Continued from page 3 sumers are more likely to gain common knowledge about certain conditions and may be more likely to notice symptoms in an emergency or advocate for their own healthcare. However, many wonder why these pharmaceutical companies feel the need to aggressively promote their medications. Some state that it is to ensure that they are receiving enough funding to continue research into diseases and their treatments.3 However, others argue that DTC advertising forces consumers to believe that something is wrong with them and there is a condition in need of treatment.1 As a consequence, pharmaceutical industries reap greater profit, specifically the company that is advertising the drug, as doctors will be more likely to prescribe it.

This brings about the question: are doctors

14

References 1. Kitsis, Elizabeth A. “The Pharmaceutical Industry’s Role in Defining Illness.” AMA Journal of Ethics, vol. 13, no. 12, 2011, pp. 906–911, journalofethics.ama-assn.org/article/pharmaceutical-industrys-role-defining-illness/2011-12, https://doi.org/10.1001/virtualmentor.2011.13.12.oped1-1112.

2. Shmerling, Robert H. “Harvard Health Ad Watch: What You Should Know about DirectTo-Consumer Ads.” Harvard Health Blog, Harvard Health Publishing, 3 Mar. 2022, www. health.harvard.edu/blog/harvard-health-ad-watch-what-you-should-know-about-direct-to-consumer-ads-2019092017848.

3. Kenton, Will. “Direct to Consumer Advertising (DTC): What It Is, How It Works.” Investopedia, Dotdash Meredith, 31 Jan. 2023, www.investopedia.com/terms/d/direct-to-consumeradvertising.asp#:~:text=Key%20Takeaways-.

4. “Understanding the Role of Pharmaceutical Agencies in Healthcare.” Catalyst Careers, JCW Group, 13 June 2023, www.catalystcareers.com/insights/blog/understanding-the-role-of-pharmaceutical-agencies-in-healthcare/.

5. Weinmeyer, Richard. “Direct-To-Consumer Advertising of Drugs.” AMA Journal of Ethics, vol. 15, no. 11, Oct. 2010, pp. 954–959, journalofethics.ama-assn.org/article/direct-consumeradvertising-drugs/2013-11, https://doi.org/10.1001/virtualmentor.2013.15.11.hlaw1-1311.

Continued from page 5 lously easy to format tons of articles, formulated from a template of real articles.

Why is this bad for us? Citations. When fake papers exist, it is not an isolated event without consequences. Researchers who find their data in reputable sources like PubMed are under the assumption that these are reviewed and factual. If no one finds out about fabricated papers and false information, then it may be reused as another citation, rendering another author’s argument null despite their best intentions.3 Our foundation of sacred information is under siege.

What can we do?

1. Encourage credibility, spread awareness, and be skeptical. With news spreading so rapidly, especially through social media sites like Instagram and TikTok, we have no hesitation to consider scientific journals

as absolute fact. Yet, critical thinking is still necessary for scientists just as much for casual readers to be thoughtful about the legitimacy of information they consume. Though impossible to completely eradicate false news, informing those who regularly consume social media as educational information can negate the risks associated with misinformation.

2. Don’t rush publications. Students pursuing a background in research are highly expected to have an article published, and this often leads them to use agencies that get their articles published for a fee. As many students in research can attest, not all research is groundbreaking. Although all research provides a crucial foundation of understanding of how processes work in any field more than theories could, publishing a paper is not required for the technical

and thinking skills acquired. This publication pressure could propel job-seekers or even promotion-seekers to rush their findings or worse, manufacture them.

The factory of academic research has persisted for too long, and our right to factual information will be infringed upon if strict guidelines and skeptical thinking are not implemented.

References 1. “The situation has become appalling”: Fake scientific papers push research credibility to crisis point. The Guardian. February 3, 2024. Accessed December 4, 2024. https://www.theguardian.com/science/2024/feb/ 03/the-situation-has-become-appalling-fake-scientific-papers-pushresearch-credibility-to-crisis-point.

2. Van Noorden R. How big is science’s fake-paper problem? Nature News.

November 6, 2023. Accessed December 4, 2024. https://www.nature. com/articles/d41586-023-03464-x.

3. Sanderson K. Science’s fake-paper problem: High-profile effort will tackle Paper Mills. Nature News. January 19, 2024. Accessed December 4, 2024. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-024-00159-9.

Socializing vs. Studying: Are Those Few Extra Points Really Worth Your Mental Health?

by Riya Patel, P3

Photo Credit: https://wallpapercave.com/w/wp9537343

I sat at my desk looking at my exam schedule and then at the text my friend had just sent me: “r u going out tomorrow?” Taking another glance at my calendar, I realized that we had two back to back exams toward the end of the next week. “Nah, I think I’ll pass this time, I have to study.” Did I want to study, though? Of course not. I grabbed my phone again and texted back “Wait, can I let you know tomorrow?”

The intense academic demands of pharmacy school place significant pressure on students. This rigorous workload can lead to stress, anxiety, and burnout, with many students struggling to balance their mental health with the academic expectations that come with pursuing a career in healthcare.

In fact, a study done in college students in the United States showed that a higher

level of perceived academic stress is associated with worse mental well-being.1 This association highlights the critical need for students to find effective coping mechanisms, as neglecting mental health can lead to significant long-term consequences, including decreased academic performance and overall quality of life.

As students face these mounting pressures, it raises an important question: Are those few extra points really worth sacrificing mental health? Given how much social connections influence mental health, it’s important to consider how maintaining friendships and engaging in social activities can help alleviate academic stress.

Friends play a crucial role as a support system, providing the emotional backing that enhances our ability to cope with chal-

lenges and navigate tough times. In fact, students who experience high levels of social support tend to have greater academic motivation, which is associated with lower levels of academic stress and anxiety.2 For students, prioritizing social connections is vital, even in the midst of a busy study schedule. While it's important to aim for academic success, it’s also crucial to remember that your mental health shouldn’t be sacrificed for a few extra points. Striking a balance between academic work and social interactions not only helps reduce stress but also cultivates a sense of community and belonging. So, when you’re faced with the choice between hitting the books or hanging out with friends, keep in mind that taking a little time to socialize can positively impact both your mood and your academic performance.

I did end up going out with my friends the next night, and I don’t remember how I did on those exams. However, I do remember the cashier at Insomnia charging us only for one cookie, but giving us a whole box full.

References 1. Barbayannis, Georgia et al. “Academic Stress and Mental Well-Being in College Students: Correlations, Affected Groups, and COVID-19.” Frontiers in psychology vol. 13 886344. 23 May. 2022, doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.886344 2. Chen, Chunmei et al. “Academic Motivation and Social Support: Mediating and Moderating the Life Satisfaction and Learning Burnout Link.” Psychology research and behavior management vol. 16 4583-4598. 4 Nov. 2023, doi:10.2147/PRBM.S438396

15

Advice How do I develop photographic memory?

In all honesty, a photographic memory isn’t something I’ve been able to develop, nor do I think would help on exams. Studying is tough. Finding the motivation to study is even harder. However, you are putting yourself through a rigorous program to better yourself and help others, and be proud of that. One source of motivation is knowing that putting the time in to study incrementally daily takes the pressure off later. Not only the pressure that you feel the day before the exam, but the pressure you may have for the next exam. Building yourself buffers in exams by studying well lets you build time for life outside of studying. If life happens and that buffer goes away on the next exam, then don’t worry, because it was built for a reason.

How do you not waste time while studying?

Take lots of breaks! I recommend the pomodoro method and set timers for bursts of focused time followed by short breaks. For example, 25 minutes of really focused study time followed by a 5 minute break. Take breaks even when you don’t feel like you need it, that way you reduce the chance of getting distracted or bored when you really need to focus. Also, be honest about what distracts you. If your phone or your friends are preventing you from studying, separate from them!

Any advice on getting involved in research?

You can cold email professors that you are interested in doing research with, make sure you read up on what they are currently doing to make sure it matches with your interests. Don’t be afraid to email multiple professors as well, meeting with multiple will allow you to find the best fit for you.

What's a tip/piece of advice you have for pp1s in general (not pharm/emsop focused)?

Build a community and get involved outside pharmacy school. Interacting and surrounding yourself with others who have different paths and passions are crucial to your mental and emotional health. Additionally, by not isolating yourself in the pharmacy bubble, you can be a better student, healthcare provider, and person.

16

11

Column How do you deal with the light work schedules of friends who are not in pharmacy?

It’s definitely tough. Be honest with yourself and them about what is reasonable for you in terms of social events. It’s all about balance, you need to make sure you do well in school and also have fun. I try to plan time with friends far in advance so that I can plan my studying around it.

How do I get involved in pharm clubs/ organizations if my classes/schedule clash with some events/meetings?

Check out the organization’s instagram.

Most orgs have a linktree in their bio and post a lot of information about how to get involved even if you can’t come to the GIMs.

How do you suggest studying for different classes … methods, how do you take notes, office hours, etc?

Learning your individual study style is a major skill required as you progress throughout pharmacy school. Give yourself grace because this is not something you’ll be able to learn immediately. EMSOP’s Rho Chi is a phenomenal resource who hold “How to survive” events at the beginning of each semester, describing what to expect for each class/year/semester.

One of my favorite study tools is Memrise community, a learning platform designed for languages, but I use as flashcards.

How can I find a pharm related job or research opportunities as a pp1?

Most CVS and Walgreens are always looking for more pharm techs.

For wet lab research, the best time to email professors is at the end of each semester, moreso end of spring, but you can email them anytime really. If you want to make a poster for a conference, several organizations have programs, events, and upperclassmen that can help walk you through the process.

17 11

Pets of the Semester

Travel Blog

18

Art and Meme Wall (Curated by Art Directors)

P2 Halloween Costumes during Spooky Exam Season

19 11

Illustration by: Sam Jacob, P1

Thank you to all the contributors in this publication of EMSOP Chronicles!

Editor-in-Chief: Ashley Huang Associate Editor: Anisha Desai Layout Director: Radiya Rahman Layout Director-Elect: Amrita Tejwani Secretary: Maria Ghaly Humans of EMSOP Directors: Riya Mankad and Riya Patel Artistic Directors: Justin Vatanapradit and Sam Jacob Public Relations: Carla Arca-Sedda and Joanna Kusmierski PGC Representative: Sakshi Shah

Staff Writers: Amrita Tejwani, Anisha Desai, Ashley Huang, Carla Arca-Sedda, Joanna Kusierski, Justin Vatanapradit, Maria Ghaly, Radiya Rahman, Riya Mankad, Riya Patel, Sakshi Shah, Sam Jacob Staff Editors: Amrita Tejwani, Anisha Desai, Ashley Huang, Carla Arca-Sedda, Joanna Kusierski, Justin Vatanapradit, Maria Ghaly, Radiya Rahman, Riya Mankad, Riya Patel, Sakshi Shah, Sam Jacob Humans of EMSOP Staff: Riya Mankad and Riya Patel Disclaimer: The opinions expressed in EMSOP CHRONICLES do not reflect the views of the Pharmacy Governing Council (PGC) or Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy (EMSOP).

For questions, comments, and information on how to get involved, e-mail emsopchronicles@gmail.com.

20